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Uncinia

April 09, 2024

Uncinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cyperaceae, known as hook-sedges in Australia[3] and as hook grasses or bastard grasses in New Zealand.[4] The genus is characterised by the presence of a long hook formed by an extension of the rachilla,[5] which is used to attach the fruit to passing animals (epizoochory), especially birds,[6] and it is this feature which gives the genus its name, from the Latin uncinus, meaning a hook or barb.[7]

Uncinia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Cyperaceae
Genus: Uncinia
Pers.
Type species
Uncinia australis
Pers.[1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Agistron Raf.

Systematics edit

Uncinia is a "satellite genus" of the very large genus Carex, alongside other satellites such as Cymophyllus, Kobresia, Schoenoxiphium, Vesicarex.[8] Uncinia seems to form a monophyletic group, with the most distinct species being U. kingii, a species which has sometimes been placed in the genus Carex.[5] Similarly, Carex microglochin has sometimes been included in Uncinia, as U. microglochin.[9]

Distribution edit

Uncinia has a Gondwanan distribution,[5] with most species found Australia, New Zealand and South America,[3] as far north as Mexico and Jamaica.[10] Of the 50–60 species, 30 are endemic to New Zealand,[11] 6 are endemic to the east coast of Australia,[3] and 4 are endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands.[12] Smaller numbers of species are also found in New Guinea, Borneo, the Philippines, Hawaii, Tristan da Cunha, Kerguelen, Île Amsterdam, Île Saint-Paul, and the Prince Edward Islands, although none are known from the mainland of Africa.[10] This distribution suggests that the genus had an origin in Antarctica.[13]

It contains the following species:

References edit

  1. ^ "Uncinia". Flora of Australia Online. Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2009-11-19.
  2. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ a b c National Herbarium of New South Wales. "Genus Uncinia". New South Wales Flora Online. Retrieved 2009-11-17.
  4. ^ Peter Johnson (2009). "Wetlands — Reeds, rushes, sedges and low growers'". Te Ara — the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  5. ^ a b c Julian R. Starr & Bruce A. Ford (2009). "Phylogeny and evolution in Cariceae (Cyperaceae): current knowledge and future directions". The Botanical Review. 75 (1): 110–137. doi:10.1007/s12229-008-9020-x. S2CID 38500919.
  6. ^ Charles T. Bryson and Richard Carter (2008). "The Significance of Cyperaceae as Weeds" (PDF). In Robert A. Naczi & Bruce A. Ford (ed.). Sedges: Uses, Diversity, and Systematics of the Cyperaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. pp. 15–101. ISBN 978-1-930723-72-6.
  7. ^ "Uncinia". Flora of Australia Online. Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2009-11-19.
  8. ^ Julian Richard Starr (2002). "Systematics of Uncinia Pers. (Cyperaceae)" (PDF). Oxford Plant Systematics. 9: 4–5.
  9. ^ Julian R. Starr, Stephen A. Harris and David A. Simpson (2004). "Phylogeny of the unispicate taxa in Cyperaceae Tribe Cariceae I: generic relationships and evolutionary scenarios". Systematic Botany. 29 (3): 528–544. doi:10.1600/0363644041744455. S2CID 86230977.
  10. ^ a b E. Nelmes (1949). "Notes on Cyperaceae: XX. The genus Uncinia in Malaysia". Kew Bulletin. 4 (2): 140–145. doi:10.2307/4113666. JSTOR 4113666.
  11. ^ L. B. Moore & E. Edgar (1970). "Uncinia Pers., 1807". Flora of New Zealand. Volume II: Indigenous Tracheophyta — Monocotyledons except Graminae. ISBN 0-477-01889-0.
  12. ^ Gerald A. Wheeler (2007). "Carex and Uncinia (Cyperaceae, Cariceae) from the Juan Fernández archipelago, Chile". Darwiniana. 45 (1).
  13. ^ E. Nelmes (1951). "Facts and speculations on phylogeny in the Tribe Cariceae of the Cyperaceae". Kew Bulletin. 6 (3): 427–436. doi:10.2307/4118022. JSTOR 4118022.

April 09, 2024
uncinia, genus, flowering, plants, family, cyperaceae, known, hook, sedges, australia, hook, grasses, bastard, grasses, zealand, genus, characterised, presence, long, hook, formed, extension, rachilla, which, used, attach, fruit, passing, animals, epizoochory,. Uncinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cyperaceae known as hook sedges in Australia 3 and as hook grasses or bastard grasses in New Zealand 4 The genus is characterised by the presence of a long hook formed by an extension of the rachilla 5 which is used to attach the fruit to passing animals epizoochory especially birds 6 and it is this feature which gives the genus its name from the Latin uncinus meaning a hook or barb 7 UnciniaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsClade CommelinidsOrder PoalesFamily CyperaceaeGenus UnciniaPers Type speciesUncinia australisPers 1 Synonyms 2 Agistron Raf Systematics editUncinia is a satellite genus of the very large genus Carex alongside other satellites such as Cymophyllus Kobresia Schoenoxiphium Vesicarex 8 Uncinia seems to form a monophyletic group with the most distinct species being U kingii a species which has sometimes been placed in the genus Carex 5 Similarly Carex microglochin has sometimes been included in Uncinia as U microglochin 9 Distribution editUncinia has a Gondwanan distribution 5 with most species found Australia New Zealand and South America 3 as far north as Mexico and Jamaica 10 Of the 50 60 species 30 are endemic to New Zealand 11 6 are endemic to the east coast of Australia 3 and 4 are endemic to the Juan Fernandez Islands 12 Smaller numbers of species are also found in New Guinea Borneo the Philippines Hawaii Tristan da Cunha Kerguelen Ile Amsterdam Ile Saint Paul and the Prince Edward Islands although none are known from the mainland of Africa 10 This distribution suggests that the genus had an origin in Antarctica 13 It contains the following species Uncinia affinis C B Clarke Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia andina G A Wheeler Argentina Uncinia angustifolia Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia araucana G A Wheeler Chile Uncinia aspericaulis G A Wheeler Juan Fernandez Islands Uncinia astonii Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia aucklandica Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia austroamericana G A Wheeler Tierra del Fuego Uncinia banksii Boott New Zealand Uncinia bracteosa Phil Chile Uncinia brevicaulis Thouars Hawaii South America Falkland Islands Tristan da Cunha Juan Fernandez Islands Uncinia caespitosa Boott New Zealand Uncinia chilensis G A Wheeler Chile Uncinia clavata Kuk Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia compacta R Br Australia Uncinia costata Kuk Juan Fernandez Islands Uncinia dawsonii Hamlin New Caledonia Uncinia debilior F Muell Lord Howe Island Uncinia dikei Nelmes Marion Island Uncinia distans Col ex Boott New Zealand Uncinia divaricata Boott New Zealand Uncinia douglasii Boott Juan Fernandez Islands Uncinia drucei Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia ecuadorensis G A Wheeler amp Goetgh Ecuador Uncinia egmontiana Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia elegans Kuk Hamlin New Zealand Tasmania Uncinia erinacea Pers South America Uncinia ferruginea Boott New Zealand Uncinia filiformis Boott New Zealand Uncinia flaccida S T Blake Victoria Australia Uncinia fuscovaginata Kuk New Zealand Uncinia gracilenta Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia hamata Sw Urb Neotropics Uncinia hookeri Boott New Zealand s subantarctic islands Macquarie Island Uncinia involuta Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia kingii R Br ex Boott Chile Uncinia koyamai Gomez Laur Costa Rica Uncinia lacustris G A Wheeler Ecuador Uncinia laxiflora Petrie New Zealand Uncinia lechleriana Steud Magellan Region Uncinia leptostachya Raoul New Zealand Uncinia loliacea Phil Chile Uncinia longifructus Kuk Petrie New Zealand Uncinia macloviformis G A Wheeler Juan Fernandez Islands Uncinia macrophylla Steud Chile Uncinia macrotricha Franch Patagonia Uncinia meridensis Steyerm Venezuela Uncinia multifaria Nees ex Boott Chile Uncinia multifolia Boeckeler Colombia Uncinia negeri Kuk Chile Uncinia nemoralis K L Wilson Australia Uncinia nervosa Boott New Zealand Tasmania Uncinia obtusifolia Boott New Zealand Uncinia ohwiana Koyama New Guinea Uncinia paludosa G A Wheeler amp Goetgh Ecuador Uncinia perplexa Boott Surville Cliffs New Zealand Uncinia phleoides Cav Pers Juan Fernandez Islands South America Uncinia purpurata Petrie New Zealand Uncinia rapaensis H St John Tubuai Uncinia rubra Boott New Zealand Uncinia rupestris Raoul New Zealand Uncinia scabra Boott New Zealand Uncinia scabriuscula G A Wheeler Argentina Chile Uncinia sclerophylla Nelmes New Guinea Uncinia silvestris Hamlin New Zealand Uncinia sinclairii Boott New Zealand Uncinia smithii Phil South Georgia Falkland Islands Uncinia strictissima Petrie New Zealand Uncinia subsacculata G A Wheeler amp Goetgh Ecuador Uncinia subtrigona Nelmes Borneo New Guinea Uncinia sulcata K L Wilson Australia Uncinia tenella R Br Australia Uncinia tenuifolia G A Wheeler amp Goetgh Ecuador Uncinia tenuis Poeppig ex Kunth Juan Fernandez Islands South America Uncinia uncinata L f Kuk New Zealand Hawaii Uncinia viridis C B Clarke Edgar New Zealand Uncinia zotovii Hamlin New ZealandReferences edit Uncinia Flora of Australia Online Australian National Botanic Gardens Retrieved 2009 11 19 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families a b c National Herbarium of New South Wales Genus Uncinia New South Wales Flora Online Retrieved 2009 11 17 Peter Johnson 2009 Wetlands Reeds rushes sedges and low growers Te Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand a b c Julian R Starr amp Bruce A Ford 2009 Phylogeny and evolution in Cariceae Cyperaceae current knowledge and future directions The Botanical Review 75 1 110 137 doi 10 1007 s12229 008 9020 x S2CID 38500919 Charles T Bryson and Richard Carter 2008 The Significance of Cyperaceae as Weeds PDF In Robert A Naczi amp Bruce A Ford ed Sedges Uses Diversity and Systematics of the Cyperaceae Missouri Botanical Garden Press pp 15 101 ISBN 978 1 930723 72 6 Uncinia Flora of Australia Online Australian National Botanic Gardens Retrieved 2009 11 19 Julian Richard Starr 2002 Systematics of Uncinia Pers Cyperaceae PDF Oxford Plant Systematics 9 4 5 Julian R Starr Stephen A Harris and David A Simpson 2004 Phylogeny of the unispicate taxa in Cyperaceae Tribe Cariceae I generic relationships and evolutionary scenarios Systematic Botany 29 3 528 544 doi 10 1600 0363644041744455 S2CID 86230977 a b E Nelmes 1949 Notes on Cyperaceae XX The genus Uncinia in Malaysia Kew Bulletin 4 2 140 145 doi 10 2307 4113666 JSTOR 4113666 L B Moore amp E Edgar 1970 Uncinia Pers 1807 Flora of New Zealand Volume II Indigenous Tracheophyta Monocotyledons except Graminae ISBN 0 477 01889 0 Gerald A Wheeler 2007 Carex and Uncinia Cyperaceae Cariceae from the Juan Fernandez archipelago Chile Darwiniana 45 1 E Nelmes 1951 Facts and speculations on phylogeny in the Tribe Cariceae of the Cyperaceae Kew Bulletin 6 3 427 436 doi 10 2307 4118022 JSTOR 4118022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Uncinia amp oldid 1180446967, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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