fbpx
Wikipedia

Cyperaceae

January 26, 2023

"Sedge" redirects here. For other uses, see Sedge (disambiguation).

The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera,[3][4] the largest being the "true sedges" genus Carex[5][6] with over 2,000 species.[7]

Cyperaceae
Cyperus polystachyos flower head
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Cyperaceae
Juss.[1]
Genera

88, see text[2]

These species are widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group occurring in tropical Asia and tropical South America. While sedges may be found growing in almost all environments, many are associated with wetlands, or with poor soils. Ecological communities dominated by sedges are known as sedgelands or sedge meadows.

Some species superficially resemble the closely related rushes and the more distantly related grasses. Features distinguishing members of the sedge family from grasses or rushes are stems with triangular cross-sections (with occasional exceptions, a notable example being the tule which has a round cross-section) and leaves that are spirally arranged in three ranks. In comparison, grasses have alternate leaves, forming two ranks.[8][9][10]

Some well-known sedges include the water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) and the papyrus sedge (Cyperus papyrus), from which the writing material papyrus was made. This family also includes cotton-grass (Eriophorum), spike-rush (Eleocharis), sawgrass (Cladium), nutsedge or nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus, a common lawn weed), and white star sedge (Rhynchospora colorata).

Genera

As of 2020, 88 genera are accepted in Kew's Plants of the World Online:[2]

References

  1. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
  2. ^ a b "Cyperaceae". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  3. ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1. from the original on 29 July 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
  4. ^ R. Govaerts; D. A. Simpson; with J. Bruhl; T. Egorova; P. Goetghebeur; K. Wilson (2007). Word Checklist of Cyperaceae: Sedges. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 978-1-84246-199-0.
  5. ^ "Sedge family – definition and more from the free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-Webster. from the original on 26 December 2013. Retrieved 25 December 2013.
  6. ^ Milne, Lorus Johnson; Milne, Margery Joan Greene (1975). Living plants of the world. Random House. p. 301.
  7. ^ Hipp, Andrew L. (2007). "Nonuniform processes of chromosome evolution in sedges (Carex: Cyperaceae)". Evolution. 61 (9): 2175–2194. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00183.x. ISSN 0014-3820. PMID 17767589. S2CID 19514206.
  8. ^ "Grasslike non-grasses". Backyard Nature. from the original on 5 March 2009. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  9. ^ Ball, Peter W.; Reznicek, A. A.; Murray, David F. (2002). "Cyperaceae". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 23. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  10. ^ Brian R. Speer (29 September 1995). "Glumiflorae: More on Morphology". University of California, Berkeley. from the original on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 23 March 2007.

External links

  • Cyperaceae at the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website

January 26, 2023
cyperaceae, sedge, redirects, here, other, uses, sedge, disambiguation, this, article, lead, section, contains, information, that, included, elsewhere, article, information, appropriate, lead, article, this, information, should, also, included, body, article, . Sedge redirects here For other uses see Sedge disambiguation This article s lead section contains information that is not included elsewhere in the article If the information is appropriate for the lead of the article this information should also be included in the body of the article January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid grass like monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges The family is large with some 5 500 known species described in about 90 genera 3 4 the largest being the true sedges genus Carex 5 6 with over 2 000 species 7 CyperaceaeCyperus polystachyos flower headScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsClade CommelinidsOrder PoalesFamily CyperaceaeJuss 1 Genera88 see text 2 These species are widely distributed with the centers of diversity for the group occurring in tropical Asia and tropical South America While sedges may be found growing in almost all environments many are associated with wetlands or with poor soils Ecological communities dominated by sedges are known as sedgelands or sedge meadows Some species superficially resemble the closely related rushes and the more distantly related grasses Features distinguishing members of the sedge family from grasses or rushes are stems with triangular cross sections with occasional exceptions a notable example being the tule which has a round cross section and leaves that are spirally arranged in three ranks In comparison grasses have alternate leaves forming two ranks 8 9 10 Some well known sedges include the water chestnut Eleocharis dulcis and the papyrus sedge Cyperus papyrus from which the writing material papyrus was made This family also includes cotton grass Eriophorum spike rush Eleocharis sawgrass Cladium nutsedge or nutgrass Cyperus rotundus a common lawn weed and white star sedge Rhynchospora colorata Genera EditAs of 2020 update 88 genera are accepted in Kew s Plants of the World Online 2 Actinoschoenus Benth Actinoscirpus Ohwi R W Haines amp Lye Afroscirpoides Garcia Madr amp Muasya Afrotrilepis Gilly J Raynal Amphiscirpus Oteng Yeb Androtrichum Brongn Brongn Arthrostylis R Br Becquerelia Brongn Bisboeckelera Kuntze Blysmus Panz ex Schult Bolboschoenus Asch Palla Bulbostylis Kunth Calliscirpus C N Gilmour J R Starr amp Naczi Calyptrocarya Nees Capeobolus Browning Capitularina J Kern Carex L Carpha Banks amp Sol ex R Br Caustis R Br Cephalocarpus Nees Chorizandra R Br Chrysitrix L Cladium P Browne Coleochloa Gilly Costularia C B Clarke Cyathochaeta Nees Cyathocoma Nees Cyperus L Cypringlea M T Strong Diplacrum R Br Diplasia Pers Dracoscirpoides Muasya Dulichium Pers Eleocharis R Br Eriophorum L Erioscirpus Palla Evandra R Br Everardia Ridl Exocarya Benth Ficinia Schrad Fimbristylis Vahl Fuirena Rottb Gahnia J R Forst amp G Forst Gymnoschoenus Nees Hellmuthia Steud Hypolytrum Pers Isolepis R Br Khaosokia D A Simpson Chayam amp J Parn Koyamaea W W Thomas amp G Davidse Lagenocarpus Nees Lepidosperma Labill Lepironia Pers Machaerina Vahl Mapania Aubl Mesomelaena Nees Microdracoides Hua Morelotia Gaudich Neesenbeckia Levyns Nelmesia Van der Veken Nemum Desv Oreobolopsis T Koyama amp Guagl Oreobolus R Br Paramapania Uittien Phylloscirpus C B Clarke Pleurostachys Brongn Principina Uittien Pseudoschoenus C B Clarke Oteng Yeb Ptilothrix K L Wilson Reedia F Muell Rhodoscirpus Leveille Bourret Donadio amp J R Starr Rhynchocladium T Koyama Rhynchospora Vahl Schoenoplectiella Lye Schoenoplectus Rchb Palla Schoenus L Scirpodendron Zipp ex Kurz Scirpoides Seg Scirpus Tourn ex L Scleria P J Bergius Sumatroscirpus Oteng Yeb Tetraria P Beauv Trachystylis S T Blake Trianoptiles Fenzl ex Endl Trichophorum Pers Trichoschoenus J Raynal Tricostularia Nees Trilepis Nees Zameioscirpus Dhooge amp Goetgh Carex demissa Cyperus brevifolioides Kyllinga gracillima Cyperus rotundus Eriophorum latifoliumReferences Edit Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG III Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 2 105 121 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 2009 00996 x a b Cyperaceae Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Archived from the original on 27 February 2020 Retrieved 24 February 2020 Christenhusz M J M Byng J W 2016 The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase Phytotaxa Magnolia Press 261 3 201 217 doi 10 11646 phytotaxa 261 3 1 Archived from the original on 29 July 2016 Retrieved 14 July 2016 R Govaerts D A Simpson with J Bruhl T Egorova P Goetghebeur K Wilson 2007 Word Checklist of Cyperaceae Sedges Royal Botanic Gardens Kew ISBN 978 1 84246 199 0 Sedge family definition and more from the free Merriam Webster Dictionary Merriam Webster Archived from the original on 26 December 2013 Retrieved 25 December 2013 Milne Lorus Johnson Milne Margery Joan Greene 1975 Living plants of the world Random House p 301 Hipp Andrew L 2007 Nonuniform processes of chromosome evolution in sedges Carex Cyperaceae Evolution 61 9 2175 2194 doi 10 1111 j 1558 5646 2007 00183 x ISSN 0014 3820 PMID 17767589 S2CID 19514206 Grasslike non grasses Backyard Nature Archived from the original on 5 March 2009 Retrieved 30 December 2014 Ball Peter W Reznicek A A Murray David F 2002 Cyperaceae In Flora of North America Editorial Committee ed Flora of North America North of Mexico FNA Vol 23 New York and Oxford via eFloras org Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis MO amp Harvard University Herbaria Cambridge MA Brian R Speer 29 September 1995 Glumiflorae More on Morphology University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on 6 May 2009 Retrieved 23 March 2007 External links EditCyperaceae at the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cyperaceae amp oldid 1133950679, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.