fbpx
Wikipedia

Ubuntu version history

August 31, 2023

Ubuntu releases are made semiannually by Canonical Ltd, the developers of the Ubuntu operating system, using the year and month of the release as a version number. The first Ubuntu release, for example, was Ubuntu 4.10 and was released on 20 October 2004.[1][2] Consequently, version numbers for future versions are provisional; if the release is delayed until a different month (or even year) to that planned, the version number will change accordingly.[3]

Ubuntu 23.04 Lunar Lobster

Canonical schedules Ubuntu releases to occur approximately one month after GNOME releases, resulting in each Ubuntu release including a newer version of GNOME.[4][5][6]

Every fourth release, occurring in the second quarter of even-numbered years, has been designated as a long-term support (LTS) release.[7] The desktop version of LTS releases for 10.04 and earlier were supported for three years, with server version support for five years. LTS releases 12.04 and newer are freely supported for five years. Through the ESM paid option, support can be extended even longer, up to a total of ten years for 18.04.[8] The support period for non-LTS releases is 9 months.[9] Prior to 13.04, it had been 18 months.

Naming convention Edit

Ubuntu releases are also given code names, using an adjective and an animal with the same first letter – an alliteration, e.g., "Dapper Drake". With the exception of the first two releases, code names are in alphabetical order, and except for the first three releases, the first letters are sequential, allowing a quick determination of which release is newer. As of Ubuntu 17.10, however, the initial letter "rolled over" and returned to "A". Names are occasionally chosen so that animal appearance or habits reflects some new feature, e.g., "Koala's favourite leaf is Eucalyptus"; see below. Ubuntu releases are often referred to using only the adjective portion of the code name, e.g., "Feisty".[10]

Release history Edit

Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog) Edit

 
Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog)

Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog), released on 20 October 2004, is Canonical's first release of Ubuntu, building upon Debian, with plans for a new release every six months and eighteen months of support thereafter.[2] It used the ext3 file system. Support ended on 30 April 2006.[11] Ubuntu 4.10 was offered as a free download and, through Canonical's ShipIt[12] service, was also mailed to users free of charge in CD format.[13]

Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog) Edit

 
Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog)

Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog), released on 8 April 2005,[14] is Canonical's second release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 31 October 2006.[15] Ubuntu 5.04 added many new features including an Update Manager,[16] upgrade notifier, readahead and grepmap, suspend, hibernate and standby support, dynamic frequency scaling for processors, Ubuntu hardware database, Kickstart installation, and APT authentication.[17][18] Ubuntu 5.04 was the first version that allowed installation from USB devices. Beginning with Ubuntu 5.04, UTF-8 became the default character encoding.[19]

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger) Edit

 
Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger), released on 12 October 2005,[20] is Canonical's third release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 13 April 2007.[21] Ubuntu 5.10 added several new features including a graphical bootloader (Usplash), an Add/Remove Applications tool,[22] a menu editor (Alacarte), an easy language selector, logical volume management support, full Hewlett-Packard printer support, OEM installer support, a new Ubuntu logo in the top-left, and Launchpad integration for bug reporting and software development.[23]

Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake) Edit

 
Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake)

Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake), released on 1 June 2006,[24] is Canonical's fourth release of Ubuntu, and the first long-term support (LTS) release. Ubuntu 6.06 was released behind schedule, having been intended as 6.04. It is sometimes jokingly described as their first "Late To Ship" (LTS) release.[25] Development was not complete in April 2006 and Mark Shuttleworth approved slipping the release date to June, making it 6.06 instead.[26] Support ended on 14 July 2009 for desktops and ended in June 2011 for servers.[27]

Ubuntu 6.06 included several new features, including having the Live CD and Install CD merged onto one disc,[28] a graphical installer on Live CD (Ubiquity), Usplash on shutdown as well as startup, a network manager for easy switching of multiple wired and wireless connections, Humanlooks theme implemented using Tango guidelines, based on Clearlooks and featuring orange colors instead of brown, and GDebi graphical installer for package files.[29] Ubuntu 6.06 did not include a means to install from a USB device, but did for the first time allow installation directly onto removable USB devices.

Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) Edit

 
Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)

Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft), released on 26 October 2006,[30] is Canonical's fifth release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 25 April 2008.[31] Ubuntu 6.10 added several new features including a heavily modified Human theme, Upstart init daemon, automated crash reports (Apport), Tomboy note taking application, and F-Spot photo manager. EasyUbuntu, a third party program designed to make Ubuntu easier to use, was included in Ubuntu 6.10 as a meta-package.[32]

Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) Edit

 
Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn), released on 19 April 2007,[33] is Canonical's sixth release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 19 October 2008.[34] Ubuntu 7.04 included several new features, among them a migration assistant to help former Microsoft Windows users transition to Ubuntu, support for Kernel-based Virtual Machine, assisted codec and restricted drivers installation including Adobe Flash, Java, MP3 support, easier installation of Nvidia and ATI drivers, Compiz desktop effects, support for Wi-Fi Protected Access, the addition of Sudoku and chess, a disk usage analyzer (baobab), GNOME Control Center, and zeroconf support for many devices.[17]

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon) Edit

 
Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon), released on 18 October 2007,[35] is Canonical's seventh release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 18 April 2009.[36] Ubuntu 7.10 included several new features, among them AppArmor security framework,[37] fast desktop search,[38] a Firefox plug-in manager (Ubufox),[39] a graphical configuration tool for X.Org, full NTFS support (read/write) via NTFS-3G, and a revamped printing system with PDF printing by default.[39] Compiz Fusion was enabled as default in Ubuntu 7.10[40] and Fast user switching was added.[38]

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron) Edit

 
Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron), released on 24 April 2008,[41][42][43] is Canonical's eighth release of Ubuntu and the second long-term support release.[44][45] Support ended on 12 May 2011 for desktops[46] and ended on 9 May 2013 for servers.[47] Ubuntu 8.04 included several new features, among them Tracker desktop search integration,[48] Brasero disk burner,[49] Transmission BitTorrent client,[49] Vinagre VNC client,[49] system sound through PulseAudio,[50] and Active Directory authentication and login using Likewise Open.[51] In addition Ubuntu 8.04 included updates for better Tango compliance,[52] various Compiz usability improvements, automatic grabbing and releasing of the mouse cursor when running on a VMware virtual machine, and an easier method to remove Ubuntu. Ubuntu 8.04 was the first version of Ubuntu to include the Wubi installer on the Live CD that allows Ubuntu to be installed as a single file on a Windows hard drive without the need to repartition the disk. The first version of the Ubuntu Netbook Remix was also introduced.[53]

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) Edit

 
Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). The default wallpaper depicts an Ibex, with its large curved horns.

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex), released on 30 October 2008,[54][55] is Canonical's ninth release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 30 April 2010.[56] Ubuntu 8.10 introduced several new features including improvements to mobile computing and desktop scalability, increased flexibility for Internet connectivity, an Ubuntu Live USB creator and a guest account,[57] which allowed others to use a computer allowing very limited user rights (e.g. accessing the Internet, using software and checking e-mail).[58] The guest account had its own home folder and nothing done on it was stored permanently on the computer's hard disk.[59] Intrepid Ibex also included an encrypted private directory for users,[60] the inclusion of Dynamic Kernel Module Support, a tool that allows kernel drivers to be automatically rebuilt when new kernels are released, and support for creating USB flash drive images.[17][61]

Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope) Edit

 
Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)

Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope), released on 23 April 2009,[62] is Canonical's tenth release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 23 October 2010.[63] New features included faster boot time[64] and integration of web services and applications into the desktop interface. Because of that, they named it after the mythical jackalope.[65] It was the first release named after a mythical animal, the second being Utopic Unicorn. It had a new usplash screen, a new login screen and also support for both Wacom (hotplugging) and netbooks.[64] It also included a new notification system, Notify OSD,[66] and themes. It marked the first time that all of Ubuntu's core development moved to the GNU Bazaar distributed version control system.[67][68]

Ubuntu 9.04 was the first version to support the ARM architecture with native support for ARMv5EL and ARMv6EL-VFP.[69]

Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) Edit

 
Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)

Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala), released on 29 October 2009,[70] is Canonical's 11th release of Ubuntu. Support ended on April 2011.[71][72] The desktop installation of Ubuntu 9.10 replaced Pidgin with Empathy Instant Messenger as its default instant messaging client.[73] The default filesystem is ext4, and the Ubuntu One client, which interfaces with Canonical's new online storage system, is installed by default.[74] It introduced Grub 2 beta as its default bootloader.[75] It also replaced Add/Remove Programs (gnome-app-install) with Ubuntu Software Center, while Canonical stated their intention to possibly replace Synaptic, Software Sources, Gdebi and Update Manager in Ubuntu 10.04.[76] Karmic Koala also includes a slideshow during the installation process (through ubiquity-slideshow) that highlights applications and features in Ubuntu.

In an announcement to the community on 20 February 2009, Shuttleworth explained that 9.10 would focus on improvements in cloud computing on the server using Eucalyptus,[77] a new theme, as well as further improvements in boot speed and development of the Ubuntu Netbook Remix.[78] The new theme was later delayed to version 10.04, and only minor revisions were made to the default theme. Other graphical improvements included a new set of boot up and shutdown splash screens, a new login screen with a new transition into the desktop and greatly improved performance on Intel graphics chip-sets.[79]

In June 2009, Canonical created the One Hundred Paper Cuts project, focusing developers to fix minor usability issues. A "paper cut" was defined as, "a trivially fixable usability bug that the average user would encounter on his/her first day of using a brand new installation of the latest version of Ubuntu Desktop Edition."[80]

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx) Edit

 
Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)

Shuttleworth first announced Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)[10] on 19 September 2009 at the Atlanta Linux Fest before it was released on 29 April 2010.[81][82] It is Canonical's 12th release of Ubuntu and its third long-term support (LTS) release. Canonical provided support for the desktop version of Ubuntu 10.04 until 9 May 2013 and for the server version until 30 April 2015.[83] The release included improved support for Nvidia proprietary graphics drivers while switching to the open source Nvidia graphics driver, Nouveau, by default.[84] Plymouth was also introduced, allowing boot animations.[85] It also included a video editor for the first time by including Pitivi.[86] GIMP was replaced with F-Spot due to the former's complexity and file size.[87] The distribution also included integrated interfaces for posting to social media.

On 4 March 2010 it was announced that Lucid Lynx would feature a new theme, including new logos, taking Ubuntu's new visual style into account:[88]

The new style in Ubuntu is inspired by the idea of "Light".

We're drawn to Light, because it denotes both warmth and clarity, and intrigued by the idea that "light" is a good value in software. Good software is "light" in the sense that it uses your resources efficiently, runs quickly, and can easily be reshaped as needed. Ubuntu represents a break with the bloatware of proprietary operating systems and an opportunity to delight to those who use computers for work and play. More and more of our communications are powered by light, and in future, our processing power will depend on our ability to work with light, too.

Visually, light is beautiful, light is ethereal, light brings clarity and comfort.

Historical perspective: From 2004–2010, the theme in Ubuntu was "Human". Our tagline was "Linux for Human Beings" and we used a palette reflective of the full range of humanity. Our focus as a project was bringing Linux from the data center into the lives of our friends and global family.

— Chris Jones, Light: Ubuntu is Lightware, Ubuntu Wiki

The new theme met with mixed critical responses. Ars Technica's Ryan Paul said: "The new themes and updated color palette are nice improvement for Ubuntu ... After testing the new theme for several hours, I feel like it's a step forward, but it still falls a bit short of my expectations." One aspect of controversy from the new design was the placement of the window-control buttons on the left instead of on the right side of the windows.[89][90] TechSource's Jun Auza expressed concern that the new theme was too close to that used by Apple's Mac OS X: "I think Ubuntu is having an identity crisis right now and should seriously consider changing several things in terms of look and feel to avoid being branded as a Mac OS X rip-off, or worse, get sued by Apple. I believe the fans are divided right now. Some have learned to love the brown color scheme since it uniquely represents Ubuntu, while others wanted change."[91]

Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) Edit

 
Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)

The naming of Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) was announced by Shuttleworth on 2 April 2010, along with the release's goals of improving the netbook experience and a server focus on hybrid cloud computing. Ubuntu 10.10 was released on 10 October 2010 (10.10.10) at around 10:10 UTC.[92][93][94] This is a departure from the traditional schedule of releasing at the end of October to get "the perfect 10",[95] and a playful reference to The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, since, in binary, 101010 is equal to the number 42, the "Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe and Everything" within the series.[96] It is Canonical's 13th release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 10 April 2012.[97] New features included the new Unity interface for the Netbook Edition, a new default photo manager, Shotwell, replacing F-Spot, the ability to purchase applications in the Software Center, and an official Ubuntu font used by default.[98]

Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) Edit

 
Ubuntu 11.04 Desktop (Natty Narwhal) using Unity

The naming of Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) was announced on 17 August 2010 by Mark Shuttleworth.[99] Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal was released on 28 April 2011.[100] It is Canonical's 14th release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 28 October 2012.[101] Ubuntu 11.04 used the Unity user interface instead of GNOME 2 as default. The move to Unity was controversial as some GNOME developers feared it would fracture the community and marginalize GNOME Shell.[102][103] Ubuntu 11.04 employed Banshee as the default music player, replacing Rhythmbox. Other new applications included OpenStack,[104] Firefox 4,[105] and LibreOffice, which replaced OpenOffice.org.[106] The Ubuntu Netbook Edition was merged into the desktop edition.[107] Jesse Smith of DistroWatch criticized the instability of the release. [108]

Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) Edit

 
Ubuntu 11.10 final release (13 October 2011) running Unity 4.22.0

The naming of Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) was announced on 7 March 2011 by Mark Shuttleworth. He explained that Oneiric means "dreamy".[109] Ubuntu 11.10 was released on 13 October 2011. It is Canonical's 15th release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 9 May 2013.[110]

In April 2011, Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 11.10 would not include the classic GNOME desktop as a fall back to Unity. Instead, 11.10 included a 2D version of Unity as a fallback for computers that lacked the hardware resources for the Compiz-based 3D version. Shuttleworth also confirmed that Unity in Ubuntu 11.10 would run as a shell for GNOME 3 on top of GNOME 3 libraries, unlike in Ubuntu 11.04 where it ran as a shell for GNOME 2. Meanwhile, users were able to install the entire GNOME 3 stack along with GNOME Shell directly from the Ubuntu repositories.[111] During the development cycle there were many changes to Unity, including the placement of the Ubuntu button on the left Launcher instead of on the top Panel, the autohiding of the window controls (and the global menu) on maximized windows, and the introduction of window controls and more transparency into the Dash search utility.[112]

In May 2011, it was announced that Pitivi would be no longer part of the Ubuntu ISO, starting with Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot. The reasons given for removing it included poor user reception, lack of fit with the default user-case for Ubuntu, lack of polish and the application's lack of development maturity.[86] Other changes included the removal of the Synaptic package manager,[113] and removing Computer Janitor, as it caused broken systems for users. Déjà Dup was added as Ubuntu's backup program.[114] Mozilla Thunderbird replaced the GNOME Evolution email client.[115]

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) Edit

 
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS desktop

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) is Canonical's 16th release of Ubuntu and its fourth long-term support (LTS) release, released on 26 April 2012.[116][117] It is named after the pangolin anteater.[118] While previous LTS releases have been supported for three years for the desktop version and five years for the server version, this release was supported for five years for both versions, and support ended on 28 April 2017.[119][120] Canonical continued to offer extended security maintenance to Advantage customers for an additional two years.[121]

Changes in this release include cutting the startup time for the Ubuntu Software Center by around 10 seconds, refinements to Unity that included the removal of the "window dodge" feature that made desktop panels hide from windows,[122] and a new head-up display (HUD) feature that allows hot key searching for application menu items from the keyboard, without needing the mouse. Shuttleworth claimed that the HUD will ultimately replace menus in Unity applications.[123] This release also switched the default media player from Banshee back to Rhythmbox and dropped the Tomboy note-taking application along with the supporting Mono framework.[124][125] It also shipped with IPv6 privacy extensions, a feature introduced in 11.10, turned on by default.[126]

Jesse Smith of DistroWatch reviewed that while many people had questioned Ubuntu's direction, he felt that the "puzzle pieces, which may have been underwhelming individually, have come together to form a whole, clear picture." He wrote that Unity had grown to maturity, was non-traditional but attractive thanks to the HUD feature and reducing mouse travel, while criticizing its lack of flexibility, unsatisfactory performance in a virtual machine, and the HUD not working in many applications like LibreOffice.[127]

Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal) Edit

 
Ubuntu 12.10's default desktop

On 23 April 2012, Shuttleworth announced Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal) as the first of 4 releases that will culminate in LTS 14.04 and refresh the look, with work to be done on typography and iconography. The release takes its name from the quetzal, a species of Central American birds.[128] It was released on 18 October 2012 and is Canonical's 17th release of the operating system. Support ended on 16 May 2014.[129] The Ubuntu Developer Summit held in May 2012 forecast this release to include an improved boot up sequence and log-in screen, "wrap around" dialogs and toolbars for the head-up display, and a vanilla version of Gnome-Shell as an option while dropping Unity 2D in favor of lower hardware requirements for Unity 3D.[130] It would ship with Python 3 in the image and Python 2 available via the "Python" package,[131] the PAE switched on by default in the kernel,[132] Ubuntu Web Apps, a means of running Web applications directly from the desktop without having to open a browser,[133] Nautilus 3.4 as its file manager to retain features deleted from later versions,[134] and a new combined user, session and system menu.[135]

In September 2012, Canonical's Kate Stewart announced that the Ubuntu 12.10 image would not fit on a compact disc.[136] However, a third-party project has created a version of Ubuntu 12.10 that fits on a CD with LZMA2 compression instead of the DEFLATE compression used on the official Ubuntu DVD image.[137]

In the same month, it was announced that the version of Unity to be shipped with Ubuntu 12.10 would by default include searches from Amazon.com for searched terms.[138] This move caused immediate controversy among Ubuntu users, particularly with regard to privacy issues and European Directive 95/46/EC,[139] and caused Shuttleworth to issue a statement indicating that this feature is not adware and labelled many of the objections as Fear, uncertainty, and doubt.[140][141] Regardless, users filed a Launchpad bug report on the feature requesting that it be made a separate lens (mode for the search engine) and not included with general desktop searches for files, directories and applications.[142] The degree of community push-back on the issue resulted in plans by the developers to make the dash and where it searches user-configurable via a GUI-setting dialogue. Despite concerns that the setting dialogue would not make the release, it was completed and is present in 12.10.[143]

In reviewing Ubuntu 12.10 at the end of October 2012 for DistroWatch, Jesse Smith raised concerns that "Canonical reserves the right to share our keystrokes, search terms and IP address with a number of third parties", and criticized the low performance and instability of the release.[144] In early November, the Electronic Frontier Foundation criticized how the release loaded products from Amazon through HTTP, subject to eavesdropping.[145] Jim Lynch gave a favorable review in December while noting concerns of software bloat.[146]

Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail) Edit

 
Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

On 17 October 2012, Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail) would focus on "mobile metrics, things like battery life, number of running processes, memory footprint, and polish the rough edges that we find when we do that."[147] It was released on 25 April 2013, and support ended on 27 January 2014.[148] The Wubi installer for Windows was dropped due to its incompatibility with Windows 8 and general lack of support and development.[149] It included Unity 7, which had many performance improvements, and searching of photos and social media posts from the Dash.[150]

Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander) Edit

 
Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)

Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander), released on 17 October 2013,[151] is Canonical's 19th release of Ubuntu. Support ended on 17 July 2014. Consideration was given to changing the default browser from Mozilla Firefox to Chromium, but problems with updates to Ubuntu's Chromium package caused developers to retain Firefox for this release.[152] Similarly, the aging X Window System (X11) was intended to be replaced with the Mir display server, with X11 programs to have operated through the XMir compatibility layer. However, after the development of XMir ran into "outstanding technical difficulties" for multiple monitors, Canonical decided to postpone the default use of Mir in Ubuntu.[151] Mir was still be released as the default display server for Ubuntu Touch 13.10.[153]

Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu criticized the new Smart Scopes feature, noting that internet search engines turn in more useful and better organized results and recommended selectively disabling individual scopes to reduce the noise factor.[154] Jim Lynch of Linux Desktop Reviews described the release as "boring" and the Smart Scopes feature as "very useful".[155] In its year-end Readers Choice Awards, Linux Journal readers voted Ubuntu as Best Linux Distribution and Best Desktop Distribution for 2013.[156]

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) Edit

 
Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr

Mark Shuttleworth announced on 31 October 2011 that by Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu would support smartphones, tablets, TVs and smart screens.[157] On 18 October 2013, Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) would focus on "performance, refinement, maintainability, [sic] technical debt" and encouraged the developers to make "conservative choices".[158][159] This version, the 20th release of Ubuntu, was released on 17 April 2014.[160] Support ended on 25 April 2019,[161] after which extended security maintenance was available to Ubuntu Advantage customers for two more years.[162] However, in September 2021, Canonical announced that it would extend LTS support for the 14.04 and 16.04 to a total of 10 years, extending ESM support for 14.04 until April 2024.[163]

The development cycle for this release focused on the tablet interface, specifically the Nexus 7 and Nexus 10 tablets.[164] Ubuntu 14.04 reintroduced the ability to turn off the global menu system and use locally integrated menus instead for individual applications.[165][166] Other features included a Unity 8 developers' preview, new mobile applications, a redesigned Startup Disk Creator tool,[167] a new forked version of the GNOME Control Center called the Unity Control Center,[168] and default SSD TRIM support.[169] GNOME 3.10 is installed by default.[170]

In reviewing Ubuntu 14.04 LTS in April 2014, Jim Lynch concluded: "While there are not a lot of amazing new features in this release, there are quite a few very useful and needed tweaks that add up to a much better desktop experience. Canonical's designers seem to be listening to Ubuntu users again, and they seem willing to make the changes necessary to give the users what they want."[171] Scott Gilbertson of Ars Technica stated, "Ubuntu is one of the most polished desktops around, certainly the most polished in the Linux world, but in many ways that polish is increasingly skin deep at the expense of some larger usability issues, which continue to go unaddressed release after release."[172]

Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn) Edit

 
A screenshot of the Ubuntu 14.10 "Utopic Unicorn" desktop with the mascot wallpaper

On 23 April 2014 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 14.10 would carry the name Utopic Unicorn.[173] This version is the 21st release, officially characterized as a release that addressed "bug fixes and incremental quality improvements".[174] It was released on 23 October,[175] having only minor updates to the kernel, Unity Desktop, and included packages.[176]

Ubuntu 15.04 (Vivid Vervet) Edit

 
Ubuntu 15.04 Vivid Vervet

On 20 October 2014, Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 15.04 would be named Vivid Vervet.[177][178] It was released on 23 April 2015.[179] It is the 22nd release of Ubuntu, and used systemd instead of Upstart by default.[180] Jesse Smith of DistroWatch praised the stability of the release, especially amid the switch to systemd.[181] This release also featured locally integrated menus by default, replacing the previous default global menus.[182] This release included modest improvements in Intel Haswell graphics performance and bigger improvements for AMD Radeon graphics cards using the open-source Radeon R600 and RadeonSI Gallium3D drivers.[183]

Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werewolf) Edit

 
Ubuntu 15.10 Wily Werewolf

Shuttleworth announced on 4 May 2015 that Ubuntu 15.10 would be called Wily Werewolf.[184] He initially expressed hope that the release would include the Mir display server, but it was released on 22 October 2015 without Mir. It is the 23rd release of Ubuntu, [185][186] and eliminated the disappearing window edge scrollbars in favour of the upstream GNOME scrollbars, a move designed to save developer time in creating patches and updates.[187]

Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols of ZDNet praised the release for its integration of cloud services, such as the new Ubuntu OpenStack cloud deployment and management tool "OpenStack Autopilot", as well as its server tools, especially Ubuntu's machine container hypervisor, LXD, included by default in 15.10.[188] A Hectic Geek review noted problems with X.Org Server crashes and concluded "If you use Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and if it's working out for you, then there really is no need to switch to a non-LTS release, especially to the 15.10."[189] A review on Dedoimedo identified problems with Samba, Bluetooth, desktop searching, battery life and the smartphone interface and found the release inconsistent.[190]

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) Edit

 
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Xenial Xerus

Shuttleworth announced on 21 October 2015 that Ubuntu 16.04 LTS would be called Xenial Xerus and include an option for Unity 8.[191] It was released on 21 April 2016.[192] In September, 2021, Canonical announced[163] that it would extend LTS support for the 14.04 and 16.04 to a total of 10 years, extending the ESM support date for 16.04 until April 2026. The release adds support for Ceph and ZFS filesystems, the LXD hypervisor for OpenStack,[193] and Snap packages.[192][194] It uses systemd instead of Upstart as its init system.[195][196]

This release has online Dash search results disabled by default in Unity 7,[197][198] does not support the AMD Catalyst (fglrx) driver for AMD/ATI graphics cards, and instead recommends the Radeon and AMDGPU alternatives.[199] It also replaced the Ubuntu Software Center with GNOME Software (rebranded as "Ubuntu Software") and eliminated Empathy and Brasero from the ISO file.[200]

Ubuntu 16.10 (Yakkety Yak) Edit

"Yakkety Yak" redirects here. For the pop song, see Yakety Yak. For other uses, see Yakety Yak (disambiguation).
 
Ubuntu 16.10 Yakkety Yak

Mark Shuttleworth announced on 21 April 2016 that Ubuntu 16.10 would be called Yakkety Yak.[201] It was released on 13 October 2016.[202] This release includes a faster version of Ubuntu Software, better support for installing command-line-only applications, support for installing fonts and multimedia codecs, paid applications, changelog entries for Personal Package Archives (PPAs) in the Update Manager, user session handling by systemd, and Linux kernel 4.8.[203][202]

Ubuntu 17.04 (Zesty Zapus) Edit

 
Ubuntu 17.04 Zesty Zapus

On 17 October 2016, Mark Shuttleworth announced that the codename of Ubuntu 17.04, released on 13 April 2017, would be Zesty Zapus.[204] This release dropped support for the 32-bit PowerPC architecture, following the same move by the upstream Debian project. Other changes include the default DNS resolver now being systemd-resolved, Linux kernel 4.10, and included support for printers.[205][206] Reviewers noted that this was likely to be the last version of Ubuntu to ship with Unity 7 by default before Ubuntu's switch to GNOME, matching the end of the alphabet in Ubuntu's codename scheme[206]

Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark) Edit

 
Ubuntu 17.10 Artful Aardvark

Artful Aardvark, the 27th release of Ubuntu, was announced via Launchpad on 21 April 2017 instead of on Shuttleworth's blog as had been the case in the past. It was released on 19 October 2017.[207][208] Critics praised the smooth transition to GNOME and the significance of the release's changes.[209]

This is the first release of Ubuntu to use the GNOME Shell interface, and the first release to replace X11 with the Wayland display server.[210][211][212] In May 2017, Ken VanDine, a Canonical Software Engineer on the Ubuntu desktop team tasked with the switch to GNOME, confirmed that the intention is to ship the most current version of GNOME, with very few changes from a stock installation.[213] This release also dropped 32-bit desktop images; other images' 32-bit versions remain.[214][215][216]

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) Edit

 
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Bionic Beaver

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Bionic Beaver, the seventh LTS release, is a long-term support version that was announced on 24 October 2017 on Shuttleworth's blog and released on 26 April 2018.[217][218] Ubuntu 18.04 LTS had normal LTS support for five years until May 2023 and has paid ESM support available from Canonical for an additional five years until April 2028.[219][220][221] New features include colour emoticons,[222] a new To-Do application preinstalled in the default installation,[223] the "Minimal Install" option in the system installer, which only installs a web browser and system tools,[224] and a branded command-line system installer.[225] This release employed Linux kernel 4.15, which incorporated a CPU controller for the cgroup v2 interface, AMD secure memory encryption support and improved SATA Link Power Management.[226]

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS's default display server was returned to Xorg for more stability; Wayland was still included as part of the default install.[227] For the first time some bundled applications were delivered by default as snaps.[228]

Plans to include a new theme, Communitheme (now Yaru), created by the Ubuntu community, were announced on 5 February 2018.[229] However, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS did not include it, citing "outstanding bugs, a lack of broader testing, as well as ongoing gaps in corner-case usage." The new theme was available as a Snap package instead.[230]

Ubuntu 18.10 (Cosmic Cuttlefish) Edit

 
Ubuntu 18.10 Cosmic Cuttlefish

Shuttleworth announced Ubuntu 18.10 Cosmic Cuttlefish on 8 May 2018. It was released on 18 October 2018.[231] Installation speeds are faster due to the use of a lossless compression algorithm known as Zstandard. Startup speeds of pre-installed Snap applications were also improved.[232]

Ubuntu 18.10 includes a new theme, Yaru, as the default theme, along with its accompanying icon theme, Suru.[233][234]

Ubuntu 19.04 (Disco Dingo) Edit

 
Ubuntu 19.04 Disco Dingo

Ubuntu 19.04, codenamed Disco Dingo, was released on 18 April 2019.[235] It incorporates Linux kernel 5.0, which adds support for AMD FreeSync technology for liquid-crystal displays, Raspberry Pi touchscreens, Adiantum encryption, Btrfs swap files as well as many USB 3.2 and Type-C improvements and several other new hardware.[236][237] It uses GNOME 3.32, which includes a new icon set, night light intensity control, advanced application permissions, favoriting files, and a new header bar as well as 'find' and 'read only' modes in the default terminal emulator. Version 19 of the open-source graphics drivers Mesa is natively available in this version of Ubuntu. Furthermore, the Grub menu now allows a 'safe graphics' mode in case of issues with graphics cards or graphics drivers. Geoclue integration and fractional scaling in the GNOME Shell for HiDPI displays are also included.[238] Improvements for running Ubuntu on a VMWare virtual machine include integration of open-vm-tools within Ubuntu, allowing for bi-directional clipboard and file sharing.[239]

Ubuntu Server 19.04 updated QEMU to version 3.1, allowing for creation of a virtual 3D GPU inside QEMU virtual machines. libvirt was updated to version 5.0 and Samba was updated to version 4.10.x. Samba and its dependencies were updated to Python 3, with the exception of tdb, which still builds a Python 2 package, namely python-tdb. Ubuntu Server 19.04 includes the latest OpenStack release, Stein, and has vSwitch version 2.11.[236]

Ubuntu 19.10 (Eoan Ermine) Edit

 
Ubuntu 19.10 Eoan Ermine

Ubuntu 19.10, codenamed "Eoan Ermine" (/iːˈoʊən/), was released on 17 October 2019. It uses Linux kernel 5.3 which, among others, introduces compatibility for third-generation Ryzen CPU motherboards and associated Intel Wireless devices as well as AMD's 7 nm Navi GPUs.[240][241] Experimental support for the ZFS filesystem is now available from the installer. NVIDIA-specific improvements were made. Proprietary Nvidia graphics drivers are now bundled with the installer in place of the open-source Nouveau drivers. Support for the Raspberry Pi 4 platform was added. The installation media now uses LZ4 compression which, compared to the previously used compression algorithm, gzip, offers faster installation times. This was decided following benchmarking of a variety of compression algorithms conducted by the Ubuntu kernel team.[242][243] Kernel load and decompression times were tested and LZ4 was found to offer decompression as much as seven times faster. Ubuntu 19.10 uses GNOME 3.34 which, among others, adds the ability to group application icons into folders, introduces a background settings panel and a separate Night Light tab as well as improves upon performance and smoothness.[244] A new Yaru light theme was introduced with this release as well.[245]

In a November 2019, Ars Technica review by Scott Gilbertson, he concluded, "Ubuntu 19.10 is unusual for an October Ubuntu release in that I would call it a must-have upgrade. While it retains some of the experimental elements Ubuntu's fall releases have always been known for, the speed boosts to GNOME alone make this release well worth your time."[246]

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) Edit

 
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Focal Fossa

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS, codenamed Focal Fossa, is a long-term support release and was released on 23 April 2020.[247] As an LTS release, it will provide maintenance updates for 5 years, until April 2025. This release is based on the Linux kernel 5.4 LTS which adds support for new hardware including Intel Comet Lake CPUs and initial Tiger Lake platforms, Qualcomm's Snapdragon 835 and 855 SoCs as well as AMD Navi 12 and 14 GPUs.[248] It also enables support for the exFAT filesystem, the open-source WireGuard VPN, and integration with Livepatch which allows for reboot-free kernel updates. A new Linux Security Module named Lockdown, disabled by default, was introduced in this kernel release and aims to prevent high-privileged root accounts from interacting with the underlying kernel by restricting certain kernel functionality, disallowing execution of arbitrary code and enforcing kernel module signatures among others.[249][250] An updated toolchain offers glibc 2.31, OpenJDK 11, Python 3.8.2, php 7.4, perl 5.30 and Go 1.13. Python 2 is no longer included by default. This release uses GNOME 3.36 which brings improvements to the user interface including a revamped login screen and refreshed Yaru theme. Improvements have also been made to the system menu and the installation screen, which now shows a graphical drive checking routine. The OEM logo is now displayed during boot.[251]

The Ubuntu Software Center will now install packages from the Snap Store and provide an option for selecting the desired release channel to install from. This release also ended all support for the 32-bit architecture.[252][253]

Reviewer Joey Sneddon noted in OMG Ubuntu, "tradition dictates that Ubuntu LTS releases play things safer than the interim so-called "short-term releases" by only including features that Ubuntu developers can commit to maintain for at least five years. Focal doesn't buck that trend. But while this means there are few "omg!" changes in 20.04 there are a number of iterative improvements, usability and user interface refinements, and some much needed updates, spread throughout the whole of the system."[252]

Dave McKay, writing for How-To Geek, concluded, "Ubuntu 20.04 Is a Great Release. This is a polished, good-looking, and fast release from Canonical."[254]

Writing in It's FOSS, Abhishek Prakash wrote, "Since it's an LTS release, stability is of the utmost importance. Canonical team is not going to try any radical changes here. Ubuntu 18.04 LTS users would surely notice the visual changes and performance improvements but I don't think you’ll see many changes between 19.10 and 20.04."[255]

In a review in DistroWatch, Jesse Smith detailed a number of problems found in testing this release, including boot issues, the decision to have Ubuntu Software only offer Snaps, which are few in number, slow, use a lot of memory and do not integrate well. He also criticized the ZFS file system for not working correctly and the lack of Flatpak support. He concluded, "these issues, along with the slow boot times and spotty wireless network access, gave me a very poor impression of Ubuntu 20.04. This was especially disappointing since just six months ago I had a positive experience with Xubuntu 19.10, which was also running on ZFS. My experience this week was frustrating - slow, buggy, and multiple components felt incomplete. This is, in my subjective opinion, a poor showing and a surprisingly unpolished one considering Canonical plans to support this release for the next five years."[256]

In a 29 May 2020 review in Full Circle, Adam Hunt concluded, 20.04 was a "virtually flawless release".[257]

Ubuntu 20.10 (Groovy Gorilla) Edit

 
Ubuntu 20.10 Groovy Gorilla

Ubuntu 20.10, codenamed Groovy Gorilla, was released on 22 October 2020. This release is based on the Linux kernel 5.8 which introduces support for several modern hardware devices and protocols. Notable features include support for USB4, AMD Zen 3 CPUs and Intel Ice Lake and Tiger Lake graphics as well as initial support for booting Power10 processors. GNOME 3.38 brings enhancements to the core GNOME apps and tweaked the app grid, among other user experience improvements. Ubuntu 20.10 is the first release to feature desktop images for the Raspberry Pi 4 (4GB and 8GB models) and the Compute Module 4. Older Pi models with less memory may still be able to boot but they are not officially supported.[258][259]

An updated toolchain set includes glibc 2.32, OpenJDK 11, rustc 1.41, GCC 10, LLVM 11, Python 3.8.6, ruby 2.7.0, php 7.4.9, perl 5.30 and golang 1.13. In addition to these, nftables is now the default firewall backend, replacing iptables.[258]

In an October 2020 review in How-To Geek, Dave McKay concluded, "we recommend that most people stick with Ubuntu 20.04 LTS for stability. Ubuntu 20.10 doesn’t offer any huge improvements. Rather, it just shows that Ubuntu is still a solid platform, making good progress toward its next LTS release in 2022 ... Canonical estimates that 95% of Ubuntu installations are LTS versions. If that’s true, then plainly interim builds won’t appeal to many people who use Ubuntu. Even if Canonical’s figures are slightly off, it’s obvious the vast majority prefer stability and guaranteed long-term support over the incremental benefits of interim builds."[259]

Tim Anderson of The Register concluded, "...this is not the biggest of Ubuntu releases but keeps the momentum going for Canonical's distribution, hugely popular for server use on public cloud and becoming more polished for desktop users too."[260]

Bogdan Popa, writing for Softpedia, noted of this release, "Ubuntu was, is, and will probably remain the leading Linux distribution out there, at least as far as the number of users is considered."[261]

A review in Full Circle magazine concluded:

While Ubuntu 20.10 is a really solid release, it has surprisingly few new features for a release that initiates a new Ubuntu development cycle. In many ways this is probably a good sign, though. After 33 releases over 16 years, Ubuntu [is] a very mature Linux distribution and it gets almost everything right. There is not really a lot that needs changing, beyond updating the hardware support for the next generation of computers and also updating the default applications, both of which this release does. These days most Ubuntu users run the current LTS release and only upgrade when a new LTS version comes out. This standard release offers very little to entice most Ubuntu users to switch, especially since it has only nine months of support.[262]

Ubuntu 21.04 (Hirsute Hippo) Edit

 
Ubuntu 21.04 Hirsute Hippo

Ubuntu 21.04, codenamed Hirsute Hippo, was released on 22 April 2021.[263][264]

Ubuntu 21.04 uses the 5.11 Linux kernel, which introduces smartcard authentication and support for Intel's Software Guard Extensions and improves support for AMD CPUs and GPUs. Wayland is now used as the default on hardware, other than those that have Nvidia graphics processors. Support for drag and drop from the file manager to the desktop was also added.[264][265]

This release was to have used the new GNOME 40 release, but a developer decision was made to retain GNOME 3.38 instead, the same version used in Ubuntu 20.10. This decision was made to give time to address questions about the stability of the GTK4 toolkit, a major GNOME interface redesign and the unknown impact on GNOME extensions and Ubuntu's default Yaru GTK theme.[266][267]

In a review, Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu, wrote, "Ubuntu 21.04 isn’t a game-changing release. Despite the hirsute moniker there’s little nothing hair-raising included, perhaps save for the switch to Wayland — but even that isn’t as prickly as it used to be! But it’s not a release totally devoid of value. Ubuntu 21.04 features a striking new dark theme and makes a raft of smaller UI tweaks that add up to an impressive, polished whole. There are also new installer features, a new desktop icons experience, and (of course) a new wallpaper."[268]

Dave McKay wrote in How-To Geek, "the Hirsute Hippo behaved well in testing and feels like a solid, stable build. What it lacks in surface glitter it makes up for with many significant changes beneath the hood—even without GNOME 40. The 5.11 kernel, refreshed applications, and system-wide bug fixes and security enhancements are all advantageous. The change of permissions on the home directories is a welcome change, too. It’s nothing that you couldn’t do by hand in other releases, but how many actually bothered?"[265]

A review in Full Circle magazine note, "So far in this development cycle we have seen very few substantive changes. Perhaps the most important is the use of Wayland by default. Even though that is a developer accomplishment, it is pretty much 'user-transparent'. So far the next LTS release, 22.04, is shaping up to be very similar to the last LTS release, 20.04, and that is actually a good thing. In a mature distribution that already works well, like Ubuntu, wholesale changes are not needed and would cause a lot of user unhappiness. Ubuntu users today largely like how Ubuntu looks and works and don’t think much in the way of changes are needed. People who don’t like Ubuntu are probably already using something else."[269]

Ubuntu 21.10 (Impish Indri) Edit

 
Ubuntu 21.10 Impish Indri

Ubuntu 21.10, codenamed Impish Indri, was released on 14 October 2021.[270]

Ubuntu 21.10 uses the 5.13 Linux kernel, which introduces rudimentary support for Apple M1 chips, FreeSync HDMI support for AMD GPUs, a new ‘Landlock‘ security module and support for several new hardware among other changes and improvements.[271][272] This release transitions from GNOME 3.38 to GNOME 40, introducing a horizontal workspace switcher and an improved Activities Overview design. The Ubuntu Dock remains vertically placed on the left of the screen and now features separators between pinned and running applications as well as a persistent trash can icon and USB drive shortcuts. A change was made in the default GNOME 40 behavior so that after logging in, the user will be shown the desktop instead of the Activities Overview.[273] Despite Ubuntu 21.10 shipping with GNOME 40, a few GNOME 41 apps are available. A Firefox Snap is now installed by default on Ubuntu 21.10 instead of the deb package, which remains available for the time being.[274]

Furthermore, the Nvidia proprietary drivers now support Wayland sessions. The default Yaru theme was also updated with new icons and Zstd compression was enabled in the main archive, making installations faster.[273]

Joey Sneddon wrote in OMG! Ubuntu!, "for me what makes this release most appealing isn’t a specific one-thing, it’s the aggregate total; the combination of new apps, new kernel, new GNOME Shell, new look, and new installer (though not default for now) make the Impish Indri a particularly inspiring iteration of this iconic distro."[275]

Dave McKay of How-To Geek wrote in his review, "If you’re an existing user and any of the hardware support or security features of the kernel are going to have a positive impact on your particular use case, then go ahead and update. If you don’t have an issue that is going to be resolved by upgrading, it’s hard to justify the effort—and risk—of an upgrade. Certainly, there’s nothing here to compel an avid LTS user to leave that safe haven and move to 21.10."[276]

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) Edit

 
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish

Ubuntu 22.04, codenamed Jammy Jellyfish, was released on 21 April 2022, and is a long-term support release, supported for five years, until April 2027.[277]

Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Desktop uses the 5.17 Linux kernel, with the 5.15 HWE rolling kernel for hardware that does not support the newer kernel, while Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Server uses the 5.15 Linux kernel, and Ubuntu Cloud and Ubuntu for IoT uses an optimized kernel based on the 5.15 Linux kernel. It updates Python to 3.10 and Ruby to 3.0. The init system is systemd 249.11 and the desktop is a mix of GNOME 41 and 42 applications. The default web browser, Firefox is available as a snap package and the release repositories no longer provide an alternative .deb package. This release offers users two Yaru themes, light and dark, but with a choice of ten different accent colors for customization.[278][279]

In his review of this release, Steven Vaughan-Nichols noted in an article for ZDNet, "all-in-all, I think the new Ubuntu 22.04 is an excellent Linux desktop. Beyond that, it's also a great Linux distribution for almost any purpose."[280]

Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu! termed the release "pretty rad".[281]

Writing for The Register, Richard Speed stated, "those upgrading from 20.04 LTS will find a number of changes to the environment; as well as accent colors that are easier to set and inevitable dark mode enhancements, the arrival of GNOME 42 (and its screenshotting improvements) have made for a slicker, if not revolutionary, desktop appearance."[282]

DistroWatch reviewer Jesse Smith was critical of the release, writing:

"I think the launch of Ubuntu 22.04 is a clear sign Canonical is much more interested in publishing releases on a set schedule than producing something worthwhile. This version was not ready for release and it is probably going to be a costly endeavour to maintain this collection of mixed versioned software and mixed display server and mixed designs for a full five years. It's a platform I would recommend avoiding."[283]

Ubuntu 22.10 (Kinetic Kudu) Edit

 
Ubuntu 22.10 Kinetic Kudu

Ubuntu 22.10, codenamed Kinetic Kudu, is an interim release and was made on 20 October 2022.[284]

The release uses the 5.19 Linux kernel, which improves the power efficiency on Intel-based computers and supports multithreaded decompression. It also upgrades the GNOME desktop environment to version 43, with support for GTK4 theming.[285]

Ubuntu 22.10 also adds support for MicroPython on microcontrollers such as the Raspberry Pi Pico W, as well as support for RISC-V processors. It also adds rshell, thonny, and mpremote to the Ubuntu repositories.[286]

In a review in OMG Ubuntu, writer Joey Sneddon stated, "if anything, the Kinetic Kudu is not as energetic as its codename intimates. As interim releases it is a passably interesting yet largely iterative issue. Formulaic? That's not a bad thing. Releases like this are sure-footed foundations on which more ambitious changes can later rest."[287]

Ubuntu 23.04 (Lunar Lobster) Edit

 
Ubuntu 23.04 Lunar Lobster

Ubuntu 23.04 Lunar Lobster is an interim release, out on 20 April 2023 and supported for nine months until 20 January 2024.[288]

This release incorporates GNOME 44, Linux kernel 6.2, Mesa 23.0 graphics drivers, a new Flutter-based installer using Subiquity including a new slide show, an improved Quick Settings menu, a new Mouse & Touchpad menu in Settings and improved Snap package support that allows downloading open applications in the background and installing them when the application is closed. The release also provides support for Microsoft Azure Active Directory, which allows users with Microsoft 365 Enterprise plans to authenticate the Ubuntu desktops using common credentials.[289][290][291]

Reviewer Joey Sneddon of OMG! Ubuntu, wrote, "if you asked me to describe Ubuntu 23.04 in one word I'd choose: "improvement". Nothing in this release is revolutionary – but that's not a bad thing."[289]

Ubuntu 23.10 (Mantic Minotaur) Edit

Ubuntu 23.10 Mantic Minotaur will be an interim release, scheduled for 12 October 2023 and supported for nine months until July 2024.[292][293]

Table of versions Edit

Version Code name Release date Standard support until Extended security
maintenance until 		Initial kernel version
Desktops Servers
4.10 Warty Warthog 2004-10-20 Old version, no longer maintained: 2006-04-30 — 2.6.8
5.04 Hoary Hedgehog 2005-04-08 Old version, no longer maintained: 2006-10-31 — 2.6.10
5.10 Breezy Badger 2005-10-13 Old version, no longer maintained: 2007-04-13 — 2.6.12
6.06 LTS Dapper Drake 2006-06-01 Old version, no longer maintained: 2009-07-14 Old version, no longer maintained: 2011-06-01 — 2.6.15
6.10 Edgy Eft 2006-10-26 Old version, no longer maintained: 2008-04-25 — 2.6.17
7.04 Feisty Fawn 2007-04-19 Old version, no longer maintained: 2008-10-19 — 2.6.20
7.10 Gutsy Gibbon 2007-10-18 Old version, no longer maintained: 2009-04-18 — 2.6.22
8.04 LTS Hardy Heron 2008-04-24 Old version, no longer maintained: 2011-05-12 Old version, no longer maintained: 2013-05-09 — 2.6.24
8.10 Intrepid Ibex 2008-10-30 Old version, no longer maintained: 2010-04-30 — 2.6.27
9.04 Jaunty Jackalope 2009-04-23 Old version, no longer maintained: 2010-10-23 — 2.6.28
9.10 Karmic Koala 2009-10-29 Old version, no longer maintained: 2011-04-30 — 2.6.31
10.04 LTS Lucid Lynx 2010-04-29 Old version, no longer maintained: 2013-05-09 Old version, no longer maintained: 2015-04-30 — 2.6.32
10.10 Maverick Meerkat 2010-10-10 Old version, no longer maintained: 2012-04-10 — 2.6.35
11.04 Natty Narwhal 2011-04-28 Old version, no longer maintained: 2012-10-28 — 2.6.38
11.10 Oneiric Ocelot 2011-10-13 Old version, no longer maintained: 2013-05-09 — 3.0
12.04 LTS Precise Pangolin 2012-04-26[294] Old version, no longer maintained: 2017-04-28[295] Old version, no longer maintained: 2019-04-26 3.2[296]
12.10 Quantal Quetzal 2012-10-18 Old version, no longer maintained: 2014-05-16[297] — 3.5[298]
13.04 Raring Ringtail 2013-04-25 Old version, no longer maintained: 2014-01-27[9] — 3.8[299]
13.10 Saucy Salamander 2013-10-17[300] Old version, no longer maintained: 2014-07-17[301] — 3.11
14.04 LTS Trusty Tahr 2014-04-17[160] Old version, no longer maintained: 2019-04-25[302] Older version, yet still maintained: 2024-04-25 3.13
14.10 Utopic Unicorn 2014-10-23[175] Old version, no longer maintained: 2015-07-23[303] — 3.16[304]
15.04 Vivid Vervet 2015-04-23[305] Old version, no longer maintained: 2016-02-04[306] — 3.19[307]
15.10 Wily Werewolf 2015-10-22[186] Old version, no longer maintained: 2016-07-28[308] — 4.2[309]
16.04 LTS Xenial Xerus 2016-04-21[192] Old version, no longer maintained: 2021-04-30[310] Older version, yet still maintained: 2026-04-23 4.4[311]
16.10 Yakkety Yak 2016-10-13[312] Old version, no longer maintained: 2017-07-20[313] — 4.8
17.04 Zesty Zapus 2017-04-13[314] Old version, no longer maintained: 2018-01-13[315] — 4.10[316]
17.10 Artful Aardvark 2017-10-19[317] Old version, no longer maintained: 2018-07-19[318] — 4.13[319]
18.04 LTS Bionic Beaver 2018-04-26[218] Old version, no longer maintained: 2023-05-31[220][221] Older version, yet still maintained: 2028-04-26 4.15[320]
18.10 Cosmic Cuttlefish 2018-10-18[321] Old version, no longer maintained: 2019-07-18[322] — 4.18[323]
19.04 Disco Dingo 2019-04-18[235] Old version, no longer maintained: 2020-01-23[324] — 5.0
19.10 Eoan Ermine 2019-10-17[325] Old version, no longer maintained: 2020-07-17[326] — 5.3
20.04 LTS Focal Fossa 2020-04-23[327][328] Older version, yet still maintained: 2025-04-23 Older version, yet still maintained: 2030-04-23 5.4[329]
20.10 Groovy Gorilla 2020-10-22[330] Old version, no longer maintained: 2021-07-22[331] — 5.8
21.04 Hirsute Hippo 2021-04-22[332] Old version, no longer maintained: 2022-01-20[333] — 5.11[334]
21.10 Impish Indri 2021-10-14 Old version, no longer maintained: 2022-07-14[335] — 5.13
22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish 2022-04-21 Older version, yet still maintained: 2027-04-21 Older version, yet still maintained: 2032-04-21 5.15
22.10 Kinetic Kudu 2022-10-20[284] Old version, no longer maintained: 2023-07-20[336] — 5.19[337]
23.04 Lunar Lobster 2023-04-20[288] Current stable version: 2024-01-20 — 6.2
23.10 Mantic Minotaur 2023-10-12[293] Future release: TBA — TBA
Legend:
Old version
Older version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

Version timeline Edit


Version end-of-life Edit

After each version of Ubuntu has reached its end-of-life time, its repositories are removed from the main Ubuntu servers and consequently the mirrors.[338] Older versions of Ubuntu repositories and releases can be found on the old Ubuntu releases website.[339][340]

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ "The story of Ubuntu", Ubuntu, retrieved 12 August 2023
  2. ^ a b Shuttleworth, Mark (20 October 2004). "Ubuntu 4.10 announcement". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  3. ^ "TimeBasedReleases". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  4. ^ "Releases". Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 28 February 2010.
  5. ^ "GNOME's Time-Based Release Schedule". Gnome Live Wiki. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  6. ^ Stone, Daniel (30 August 2009). "New release process". xorg-devel (Mailing list). Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  7. ^ "LTS". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  8. ^ "Release end of life". Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  9. ^ a b "Ubuntu Technical Board Looks at Shuttleworth's Proposal for Release Management Methodology". Ubuntu Fridge. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  10. ^ a b "DevelopmentCodeNames". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  11. ^ Zimmerman, Matt (28 March 2006). "Ubuntu 4.10 reaches end of life on 30 April 2006". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  12. ^ "ShipIt has closed". Retrieved 21 November 2012.
  13. ^ "Announcing Ubuntu 4.10 "The Warty Warthog Release"" (Mailing list). 20 October 2004. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  14. ^ . 8 April 2005. Archived from the original on 30 April 2008. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  15. ^ Armstrong, Christina (23 October 2006). "Ubuntu 5.04 reaches end-of-life on 31 October 2006". ubuntu-security-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  16. ^ "Get Ubuntu: Upgrade". Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  17. ^ a b c Tux Radar (23 April 2009). . Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  18. ^ . Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. 31 July 2005. Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  19. ^ . Ubuntu Wiki. Canonical. Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  20. ^ . Canonical Ltd. Archived from the original on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
  21. ^ Fog Heen, Tollef (14 March 2007). "Ubuntu 5.10 reaches end-of-life on 13 April 2007". ubuntu-security-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  22. ^ . Community Ubuntu Documentation. Canonical Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 July 2007. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
  23. ^ . Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. 31 July 2005. Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  24. ^ "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS release notes". Canonical Ltd. from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  25. ^ Remnant, Scott James (19 October 2014). . Archived from the original on 24 November 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  26. ^ . Full Circle. April 2007. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2009.
  27. ^ Langasek, Steve (8 July 2009). "Ubuntu 6.06 LTS Desktop Edition reaches end-of-life on 14 July 2009". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  28. ^ "LiveCD". Community Ubuntu Documentation. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  29. ^ "DapperDrake". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. 26 January 2007. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  30. ^ . Archived from the original on 16 March 2007. Retrieved 21 December 2006.
  31. ^ . Canonical Ltd. 25 March 2008. Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2008.
  32. ^ . Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. 16 October 2007. Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  33. ^ . Canonical Ltd. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  34. ^ Langasek, Steve (26 August 2008). "Ubuntu 7.04 reaches end-of-life on 19 October 2008". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  35. ^ "GutsyReleaseSchedule". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  36. ^ . Canonical Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2008.
  37. ^ "Gutsy Gibbon – Tribe 3 test release". Retrieved 2 June 2008.
  38. ^ a b "Gutsy Gibbon – Tribe 4 test release". Retrieved 2 June 2008.
  39. ^ a b "Gutsy Gibbon – Tribe 5 test release". Retrieved 2 June 2008.
  40. ^ "Gutsy Gibbon – Tribe 2 test release". Retrieved 2 June 2008.
  41. ^ Ubuntu Announcements (24 April 2008). "Ubuntu 8.04 LTS released". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  42. ^ "Milestone ubuntu-8.04 for Ubuntu due 24 April 2008". Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  43. ^ . 29 August 2007. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  44. ^ "Ubuntu Weekly Newsletter: Issue 36". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 2 July 2008.
  45. ^ "Ubuntu's new Linux sports debugging tool". Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  46. ^ Handler, N. (April 2011). "Ubuntu 8.04 reaches end-of-life on 12 May 2011". Retrieved 15 May 2011.
  47. ^ "Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) End of Life reached on May 9, 2013". Ubuntu Fridge. 10 May 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
  48. ^ . 1 November 2007. Archived from the original on 7 May 2008. Retrieved 2 June 2008.
  49. ^ a b c Pitt, Martin (14 January 2008). "Accepted: ubuntu-meta 1.87 (source)". hardy-changes (Mailing list). Retrieved 21 January 2008.
  50. ^ "Blueprint: "Fix the Linux audio mess once and for all"". Retrieved 19 July 2008.
  51. ^ . 21 April 2008. Archived from the original on 21 August 2008. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  52. ^ "Hardy Heron Artwork". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  53. ^ "Download Ubuntu Eee 8.04.1 for your Eee PC". Webtrickz. Retrieved 29 October 2008.
  54. ^ Ubuntu Announcements (30 October 2008). "Ubuntu 8.10 released". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  55. ^ "Milestone ubuntu-8.10 for Ubuntu due 30 October 2008". Retrieved 28 April 2008.
  56. ^ Langasek, Steve (29 March 2010). . ubuntu-security-announce (Mailing list). Archived from the original on 15 December 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  57. ^ "Guest account specification". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  58. ^ Thomas, Keir (31 October 2008). "A User's Look at Ubuntu 8.10 Intrepid Ibex". Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  59. ^ . MoPedia. 5 September 2008. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  60. ^ "EncryptedPrivateDirectory". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  61. ^ "IntrepidIbex/TechnicalOverview". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  62. ^ Ubuntu Announcements (23 April 2009). "Ubuntu 9.04 released". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 23 April 2009.
  63. ^ Robbie Williamson (23 September 2009). "Ubuntu 9.04 reaches end-of-life on 23 October 2010". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 3 October 2010.
  64. ^ a b . ZDNet. 20 April 2009. Archived from the original on 19 June 2010. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  65. ^ "Introducing the Jaunty Jackalope". Lists.ubuntu.com. 11 September 2008. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
  66. ^ "NotifyOSD". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
  67. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (28 September 2008). "Introducing the Jaunty Jackalope". ubuntu-devel-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 9 September 2008.
  68. ^ "JauntyReleaseSchedule". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 3 March 2009.
  69. ^ Hodgin, Rick (14 April 2009). . News Organization. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
  70. ^ Ubuntu Announcements (29 October 2009). "Ubuntu 9.10 released". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  71. ^ "KarmicReleaseSchedule". Ubuntu Team Wiki. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 3 March 2009.
  72. ^ "Ubuntu reaches end-of-life on April 30, 2011". Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  73. ^ ""empathy" binary package in Ubuntu Karmic i386". Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  74. ^ "Karmic Koala Alpha 3". Canonical Ltd. 29 October 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  75. ^ "Grub2 – Community Ubuntu Documentation". Help.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
  76. ^ Larabel, Michael (August 2009). "Canonical Unveils The Ubuntu Software Store". Retrieved 15 August 2009.
  77. ^ "Introducing the Karmic Koala, our mascot for Ubuntu 9.10". Lists.ubuntu.com. 19 February 2009. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
  78. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (February 2009). "Introducing the Karmic Koala, our mascot for Ubuntu 9.10". ubuntu-devel-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 21 February 2009.
  79. ^ Nestor, Marius (June 2009). "Ubuntu 9.10 Alpha 2 Released – The Karmic Koala Chronicles". Retrieved 22 June 2009.
  80. ^ "One Hundred Paper Cuts". Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  81. ^ Ubuntu Announcements (29 April 2010). "Ubuntu 10.04 LTS released". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  82. ^ Paul, Ryan (September 2009). "Ubuntu 10.04 LTS announced, codenamed Lucid Lynx". Retrieved 24 October 2009.
  83. ^ Marius Nestor (30 April 2015). "Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx) Reached End of Life on April 30, 2015". Softpedia. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
  84. ^ "Bug #454821 : Bugs : "xserver-xorg-video-nv" package : Ubuntu". Canonical Ltd. 2010. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  85. ^ "Publishing history of "plymouth" package in Ubuntu". Canonical Ltd. June 2010. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
  86. ^ a b Sneddon, Joey (May 2011). "Video editor PiTiVi to be removed as default app in Ubuntu 11.10". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
  87. ^ Paul, Ryan (November 2009). "Giving up the GIMP is a sign of Ubuntu's mainstream maturity". Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  88. ^ . ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
  89. ^ Paul, Ryan (5 March 2010). "Hands-on: a close look at Ubuntu's new non-brown theme". Retrieved 8 March 2010.
  90. ^ Paul, Ryan (March 2010). "Ubuntu dumps the brown, introduces new theme and branding". Retrieved 8 March 2010.
  91. ^ Auza, Jun (March 2010). "Ubuntu's New Look, a Pale Imitation of Mac OS X?". Retrieved 8 March 2010.
  92. ^ "Shooting for the Perfect 10.10 with Maverick Meerkat". 2 April 2010. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  93. ^ Robbie Williamson. "Ubuntu 10.10 Release Announcement". ubuntu-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  94. ^ "Article on Ubuntu 10.10 Release". Andrew Lyle. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
  95. ^ "Shooting for the Perfect 10.10 with Maverick Meerkat". Mark Shuttleworth. 2 April 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  96. ^ Mark Shuttleworth (11 May 2010). . lists.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 23 August 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
  97. ^ "Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) end-of-life", fridge.ubuntu.com
  98. ^ Paul, Ryan (October 2010). "Ubuntu 10.10 arrives with impressive new netbook environment". Ars Technica. Retrieved 15 October 2010.
  99. ^ Mark Shuttleworth (17 August 2010). "N-imal?". Retrieved 17 August 2010.
  100. ^ Paul, Ryan (28 April 2011). "Ubuntu 11.04 released, a Natty Narwhal rises from the depths". Ars Technica. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
  101. ^ Sneddon, Joey (28 October 2012). "Ubuntu 11.04 Support Ends Today". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  102. ^ Mark Shuttleworth (25 October 2010). . Archived from the original on 9 November 2010. Retrieved 26 October 2010.
  103. ^ Paul, Ryan (October 2010). "Shuttleworth: Unity shell will be default desktop in Ubuntu 11.04". Ars Technica. Retrieved 26 October 2010.
  104. ^ Prickett, Timothy (10 May 2011). "Ubuntu eats OpenStack for clouds". The Register. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  105. ^ "Default Applications Listing for 11.04". Wiki.ubuntu.com. 26 June 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  106. ^ "LibreOffice for natty, replacing the current OpenOffice packaging". Lists.ubuntu.com. 3 January 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  107. ^ Canonical Ltd (December 2010). "Natty Narwhal Alpha 1". from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  108. ^ Smith, Jesse (May 2011). "A look at Ubuntu 11.04". DistroWatch. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
  109. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (March 2011). "Next after Natty?". Retrieved 9 September 2011.
  110. ^ "OneiricReleaseSchedule – Ubuntu Wiki". Wiki.ubuntu.com. 7 October 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  111. ^ Mark Shuttleworth. "Celebrating Gnome 3.0".
  112. ^ "Dash takes shape for 11.10 Unity". Mark Shuttleworth. 16 August 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  113. ^ "synaptic removed from ubuntu 11.10". June 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
  114. ^ Sneddon, Joey (May 2011). "App changes for Ubuntu 11.10: See ya, Computer Janitor and Hello Deja Dup!". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
  115. ^ Sneddon, Joey (August 2011). "Thunderbird Confirmed as Default Mail App For Ubuntu 11.10". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  116. ^ Mark Shuttleworth. "Next after Natty?".
  117. ^ "PreciseReleaseSchedule – Ubuntu Wiki". Wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
  118. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (October 2011). "P is for ..." Retrieved 5 October 2011.
  119. ^ Paul, Ryan (28 May 2012). "Precision and purpose: Ubuntu 12.04 and the Unity HUD reviewed". Ars Technica. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  120. ^ "Ubuntu 12.04 to feature extended support period for desktop users". Canonical. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
  121. ^ "Introducing Ubuntu 12.04 ESM (Extended Security Maintenance)". Canonical. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
  122. ^ "[How To] Enable Unity Launcher Dodge in Ubuntu 12.04". OMG! Ubuntu!. 30 April 2012.
  123. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (24 January 2012). "Introducing the HUD. Say hello to the future of the menu". Retrieved 25 January 2012.
  124. ^ Andrei, Alin (15 November 2011). "Expected Changes in Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin". Web Upd8. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  125. ^ Sneddon, Joey (4 November 2011). "Banshee, Tomboy And Mono Dropped from Ubuntu 12.04 CD". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  126. ^ Graber, Stéphane. "Networking in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS – Bonding". Retrieved 16 August 2012.
  127. ^ Smith, Jesse (7 May 2012). "Review of Ubuntu 12.04". DistroWatch. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  128. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (23 April 2012). "Quality has a new name". Retrieved 23 April 2012.
  129. ^ Canonical Ltd (23 April 2012). "Quantal Quetzal Release Schedule". Retrieved 24 April 2012.
  130. ^ Sneddon, Joey (12 May 2012). "UDS-Q Summary: Bye-Bye Unity 2D, Hello GNOME-Shell Spin". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
  131. ^ "Quantal Quetzal TechnicalOverview Beta1". Ubuntu.
  132. ^ "EnablingPAE – Community Ubuntu Documentation". Help.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  133. ^ Noyes, Katherine (16 July 2012). "Ubuntu Linux 12.10 Will Integrate Web Apps into the Desktop | PCWorld Business Center". PC World. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  134. ^ Sneddon, Joey (23 August 2012). "Ubuntu 12.10 Will Ship With Older Version of Nautilus". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  135. ^ Sneddon, Joey (11 July 2012). "New Session Menu Lands in Ubuntu 12.10". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  136. ^ Sneddon, Joey (8 September 2012). "It's Official: The Ubuntu LiveCD is Dead". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  137. ^ "ubuntucd – CD compressed versions of Ubuntu – Google Project Hosting". Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  138. ^ Sneddon, Joey (21 September 2012). "Online Shopping Feature Arrives in Ubuntu 12.10". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
  139. ^ Sneddon, Joey (10 October 2012). "Blogger Claims Ubuntu's New Shopping Lens Breaks EU Law". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
  140. ^ Vaughan, Steven J. "Shuttleworth defends Ubuntu Linux integrating Amazon". ZDNet. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
  141. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (23 September 2012), Amazon search results in the Dash. Retrieved 25 September 2012
  142. ^ "Bug #1054776 "Don't include remote searches in the home lens" : Bugs : "unity-lens-shopping" package : Ubuntu". Bugs.launchpad.net. 20 September 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
  143. ^ Sneddon, Joey (25 September 2012). "Ubuntu 12.10 Amazon Shopping Results to be Made Optional". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
  144. ^ Smith, Jesse (29 October 2012). "Ubuntu 12.10 Desktop". DistroWatch. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  145. ^ Lee, Micah (29 October 2012) [2012-10-29], Privacy in Ubuntu 12.10: Amazon Ads and Data Leaks, retrieved 9 August 2023
  146. ^ Lynch, Jim (5 December 2012). . Linux Desktop Reviews. Archived from the original on 10 December 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
  147. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (17 October 2012). "Not the Runty Raccoon, the Rufflered Rhino or (even) the Randall Ross". Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  148. ^ "RaringRingtail/ReleaseSchedule – Ubuntu Wiki". Wiki.ubuntu.com. 14 March 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  149. ^ "Intention to drop Wubi from 13.04 release". Lists.ubuntu.com. April 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  150. ^ Sneddon, Joey (19 April 2013), Ubuntu 13.04's Top 10 New Features - From Sync Menu to Speed Boost, retrieved 26 June 2023
  151. ^ a b Paul, Ryan (17 October 2013). "Ubuntu 13.10 review: The Linux OS of the future remains a year away". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
  152. ^ Sneddon, Joey (13 August 2013). "Firefox To Remain Default Browser in Ubuntu 13.10". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
  153. ^ Tran, Sam (2 October 2013). "XMir Dropped from Ubuntu 13.10 Default Due to 'Technical Difficulties'". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  154. ^ Sneddon, Joey (17 October 2013). "Title of Article". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  155. ^ Lynch, Jim (15 October 2013). "Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy Salamander". Linux Desktop Reviews. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  156. ^ Powers, Shawn (2 December 2013). "Readers' Choice Awards 2013". Linux Journal. Retrieved 9 December 2013.
  157. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (31 October 2011). "Ubuntu on phones, tablets, TV's and smart screens everywhere".
  158. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (18 October 2013). "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Named 'Trusty Tahr'". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  159. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (18 October 2013). "Quantal, raring, saucy ..." Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  160. ^ a b "Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Release Schedule". Ubuntu Wiki. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  161. ^ "Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) begins April 25 2019". Canonical. 14 March 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  162. ^ "Announcing Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS – "Trusty Tahr"". Canonical. 19 September 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
  163. ^ a b "Ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04 lifecycle extended to ten years". Ubuntu. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
  164. ^ Sneddon, Joey (15 November 2013). "Ubuntu Tablet Will be 'Key Focus' During Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Cycle". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  165. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (29 November 2013). "Ubuntu 14.04 Adds Global Menu "Off" Switch". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  166. ^ Sneddon, Joey (20 February 2014). "Better Late Than Never: Ubuntu To Offer Locally Integrated Menus in 14.04". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
  167. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (19 November 2013). "What to Expect in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Next April". Omgubuntu.co.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  168. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (14 December 2013). "Ubuntu Confirm GNOME Control Centre Fork for 14.04". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 14 December 2013.
  169. ^ Sneddon, Joey-Elijah, (19 December 2013), Ubuntu 14.04 to Feature SSD TRIM Support By Default, OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 19 December 2013
  170. ^ Sneddon, Joey-Elijah, (18 January 2013), GNOME 3.10 Will Be Available To Install In Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 18 January 2013
  171. ^ Lynch, Jim (17 April 2014). . Linux Desktop Reviews. Archived from the original on 21 April 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  172. ^ Gilbertson, Scott (23 April 2014). "Ubuntu 14.04 review: Missing the boat on big changes". Ars Technica. Retrieved 23 April 2014.
  173. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (23 April 2014). "U talking to me?". Retrieved 23 April 2014.
  174. ^ Wong, Anthony (23 October 2014). "Ubuntu 14.10 Release Notes". Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  175. ^ a b "Utopic Unicorn Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  176. ^ "UtopicUnicorn/ReleaseNotes". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  177. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (20 October 2014). "V is for Vivid". Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  178. ^ Sneddon, Joey (20 October 2014). "This is the name of Ubuntu 15.04 – And It's Not Velociraptor". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  179. ^ Canonical Ltd (5 December 2014). "Vivid Vervet Release Schedule". Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  180. ^ "Ubuntu Cloud Switches Over To Using Systemd By Default". phoronix.com. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  181. ^ Smith, Jesse (27 April 2015). "First impressions of Ubuntu 15.04". DistroWatch. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  182. ^ Andrei, Alin (27 March 2015). "Ubuntu 15.04 Vivid Vervet Final Beta Available For Download". webupd8. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  183. ^ Larabel, Michael (24 April 2015). "Ubuntu 15.04 Offers Faster OpenGL For AMD Radeon GPUs on Open-Source". Phoronix. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  184. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (4 May 2015). "Announcing the 'wily werewolf'". Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  185. ^ "Ubuntu 15.04 Makes a 'Snappy' Entrance". eweek.com. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
  186. ^ a b "WilyWerewolf/ReleaseSchedule – Ubuntu Wiki". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
  187. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (20 August 2015). "Ubuntu 15.10 Ditches Unity Overlay Scrollbars". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  188. ^ Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols. "The Wily Werewolf, Ubuntu 15.10, is unleashed". ZDNet. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
  189. ^ "Ubuntu 15.10 Review: Less Exciting & Largely Unchanged". Hectic Geek. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  190. ^ "Ubuntu 15.10 Wily Werewolf review – Fast and spurious". dedoimedo.com. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  191. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (21 October 2015). "Mark Shuttleworth | Blog Archive | X marks the spot". markshuttleworth.com. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  192. ^ a b c "Canonical unveils 6th LTS release of Ubuntu with 16.04". Ubuntu Insights. 20 April 2016. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  193. ^ Canonical. "LXD". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  194. ^ Silviu Stahie (5 November 2015). "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS with Unity 7 to Support Snappy Packages". Softpedia. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  195. ^ "[Phoronix] Ubuntu Systemd Plans: Will Be Default By Ubuntu 16.04 LTS". Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  196. ^ "XenialXerus/ReleaseSchedule – Ubuntu Wiki". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
  197. ^ "Bug #1054776 "Don't include remote searches in the home lens" : Bugs : unity-lens-shopping package : Ubuntu". launchpad.net. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  198. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (8 January 2016). "Ubuntu 'Spyware' Will Be Disabled in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  199. ^ Joey-Elijah Sneddon (11 March 2016). "Why AMD GPU Users May Want to Avoid Ubuntu 16.04 LTS". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
  200. ^ Silviu Stahie (5 November 2015). "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS to Drop Ubuntu Software Center for GNOME Software". Softpedia. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  201. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (21 April 2016). "Mark Shuttleworth | Blog Archive | Y is for ..." markshuttleworth.com. Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  202. ^ a b "YakketyYak/ReleaseNotes – Ubuntu Wiki". Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  203. ^ Bouvier, Scott (9 May 2016). "What To Expect from Unity 7 in Ubuntu 16.10". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
  204. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark (17 October 2016). "The mouse that jumped". markshuttleworth.com. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  205. ^ "ZestyZapus/ReleaseNotes – Ubuntu Wiki". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  206. ^ a b Sneddon, Joey (13 April 2017). "Ubuntu 17.04 Available to Download Now, This is What's New". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  207. ^ Sneddon, Joey (21 April 2017). "Ubuntu 17.10 Is Named 'Artful Aardvark". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  208. ^ Canonical Ltd (20 April 2017). "Artful Aardvark Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  209. ^ Gilbertson, Scott (27 November 2017). "Ubuntu 17.10: Return of the GNOME". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
  210. ^ Nestor, Marius (19 April 2017). "Canonical to Make GNOME Default Session in Ubuntu 17.10". Softpedia. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  211. ^ Sneddon, Joey (5 April 2017). "Ubuntu 18.04 To Ship with GNOME Desktop, Not Unity". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  212. ^ Shuttleworth, Mark. "Growing Ubuntu for Cloud and IoT, rather than Phone and convergence". Canonical. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  213. ^ Sneddon, Joey (16 May 2017). "Ubuntu Desktop Team Discuss Their Plans for GNOME in Ubuntu 17.10". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  214. ^ Ledkov, Dimitri John (27 September 2017). "Change of scope and target market for i386". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  215. ^ "Pay Attention! Ubuntu is Officially Dropping 32-bit Desktop Images". itsfoss.com. 28 September 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  216. ^ "Ubuntu Is Dropping 32-bit Desktop Images". OMG! Ubuntu!. 27 September 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  217. ^ "Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Release Schedule – OMG! Ubuntu!". omgubuntu.co.uk. 29 October 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  218. ^ a b "BionicBeaver/ReleaseSchedule – Ubuntu Wiki". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  219. ^ Kerner, Sean Michael (15 November 2018). "Canonical Extends Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Linux Support to 10 Years". Serverwatch. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  220. ^ a b "Ubuntu Extended Security Maintenance – Ubuntu". www.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  221. ^ a b "Releases – Ubuntu Wiki". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  222. ^ "Ubuntu 18.04 Will Support Color Emoji – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 8 November 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  223. ^ "Ubuntu 18.04 Adds a To-Do App to Default Install – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 27 January 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  224. ^ "Ubuntu adds 'Minimal Install' option to installer – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 14 February 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  225. ^ Larabel, Michael (27 April 2018). "The New Ubuntu 18.04 Server Installer Is Working Out Nicely". Phoronix. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
  226. ^ "BionicBeaver/ReleaseNotes – Ubuntu Wiki". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
  227. ^ "Ubuntu Drops Wayland, Switches back to Xorg – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 25 January 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  228. ^ "BionicBeaver/ReleaseAnnouncement - Ubuntu Wiki". wiki.ubuntu.com.
  229. ^ "How to Try the New Ubuntu Theme". OMG! Ubuntu!. 5 February 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  230. ^ "Dang it! Ubuntu 18.04 Won't Include a New GTK Theme After All – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 13 March 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  231. ^ Mark Shuttleworth. "Cue the Cosmic Cuttlefish".
  232. ^ "Ubuntu 18.10 Beta is Now Available to Download – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 28 September 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  233. ^ "The Ubuntu 'Communitheme' Has a New Name – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 24 July 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  234. ^ "Ubuntu 18.10 Daily Builds Ship with New Default Theme – OMG! Ubuntu!". OMG! Ubuntu!. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  235. ^ a b Canonical Ltd (18 April 2019). "Ubuntu 19.04 (Disco Dingo) released". lists.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  236. ^ a b "DiscoDingo/ReleaseNotes – Ubuntu Wiki". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  237. ^ "Linux Kernel 5.0 Released, This is What's New". OMG! Ubuntu!. 4 March 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  238. ^ Sneddon, Joey (3 November 2018). "Ubuntu 19.04 Released". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  239. ^ Neowin ·, Paul Hill. "Canonical announces the release of Ubuntu 19.04 "Disco Dingo"". Neowin. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  240. ^ "The New Features & Improvements of the Linux 5.3 Kernel". Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  241. ^ "Linux 5.3 was released on Sun, 15 Sep 2019". Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  242. ^ "Boot speed improvements for Ubuntu 19.10 Eoan Ermine". 10 September 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  243. ^ . Archived from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  244. ^ "GNOME 3.34: The 10 Best Changes & Features". 3 September 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  245. ^ . Archived from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
  246. ^ Gilbertson, Scott (27 November 2019). . Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 28 November 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  247. ^ "20.04 LTS ReleaseSchedule". 23 April 2020. from the original on 23 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  248. ^ "LTS 20.04 ReleaseNotes". 23 April 2020.
  249. ^ "Linux 5.4 Pulls in LOCKDOWN Support For Opt-In Hardware/Kernel Security Restrictions". 23 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  250. ^ "Linux to get kernel 'lockdown' feature". ZDNet. 23 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  251. ^ "What's New in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS "Focal Fossa"". 23 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  252. ^ a b Sneddon, Joey (23 April 2020). . OMG Ubuntu. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  253. ^ Popa, Bogdan (23 April 2020). . Softpedia. Archived from the original on 25 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  254. ^ McKay, Dave (23 April 2020). . HowtoGeek. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  255. ^ Prakash, Abhishek (25 April 2020). . It's FOSS. Archived from the original on 15 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  256. ^ Smith, Jesse (4 May 2020). . DistroWatch. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  257. ^ Hunt, Adam (29 May 2020). "Review - Lubuntu 20.04 LTS" (PDF). Full Circle magazine. (PDF) from the original on 30 May 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  258. ^ a b . 22 October 2020. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  259. ^ a b McKay, Dave (22 October 2020). "What's New in Ubuntu 20.10 'Groovy Gorilla'". How To Geek. from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  260. ^ Anderson, Tim (22 October 2020). "Ubuntu 20.10 goes full Raspberry Pi, from desktop to micro clouds: Full fat desktop on a Pi is usable". The Register. from the original on 25 October 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  261. ^ Popa, Bogdan (22 October 2020). "Canonical Officially Launches Ubuntu 20.10". Softpedia. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
  262. ^ Hunt, Adam (30 October 2020). "Review Ubuntu 20.10" (PDF). Full Circle magazine. (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  263. ^ "Ubuntu 21.04 is here". ubuntu.com. 22 April 2021. from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  264. ^ a b "Hirsute Hippo Release Notes". discourse.ubuntu.com. 22 April 2021. from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  265. ^ a b McKay, Dave (22 April 2021). "What's New in Ubuntu 21.04 'Hirsute Hippo'". howtogeek.com. from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  266. ^ Kumar, Sarvottam (27 January 2021). "This Is Why Ubuntu 21.04 Will Ship GNOME 3.38, Instead Of GNOME 40". FOSS Bytes. from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  267. ^ seb128 (21 January 2021). . discourse.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
  268. ^ Sneddon, Joey (21 April 2021). "Don't Miss: Ubuntu 21.04: What's New?". OMG Ubuntu. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  269. ^ Hunt, Adam (28 May 2021). "Review - Ubuntu 21.04" (PDF). Full Circle magazine. (PDF) from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  270. ^ "Ubuntu 21.10 has landed". ubuntu.com. Canonical. 14 October 2021. from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  271. ^ "Impish Indri Release Notes". discourse.ubuntu.com. Canonical. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  272. ^ Sneddon, Joey (28 June 2021). "Major Update: Linux Kernel 5.13 Released, This is What's New". OMG! Ubuntu!. OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  273. ^ a b Sneddon, Joey (6 July 2021). "Updated: Ubuntu 21.10 Release Date & New Features". OMG! Ubuntu!. OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  274. ^ Sneddon, Joey (16 September 2021). "Hot Topic: Ubuntu Makes Firefox Snap Default in 21.10". OMG! Ubuntu!. OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  275. ^ Sneddon, Joey (12 October 2021). "Ubuntu 21.10: What's New? [Video]". OMG! Ubuntu!. OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  276. ^ McKay, Dave. "What's New in Ubuntu 21.10 'Impish Indri'". HowToGeek. HowToGeek. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  277. ^ Sneddon, Joey (16 October 2021). "Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Codename is a Jolly Good Choice". OMG! Ubuntu!.
  278. ^ Zemczak, Łukasz (21 April 2022). "Jammy Jellyfish Release Notes". discourse.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  279. ^ Trevisan, Marco (18 March 2022). "Yaru Accent Colors are coming to Jammy!". discourse.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  280. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven (21 April 2022). "Ubuntu 22.04: The Linux desktop for work". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  281. ^ "Ubuntu 22.04 LTS is Now Available to Download". 21 April 2022. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
  282. ^ Speed, Richard (21 April 2022). "Ubuntu 22.04 LTS arrives on everything from a 2GB Pi to AWS Graviton". The Register. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  283. ^ Smith, Jesse (2 May 2022). "Ubuntu 22.04 LTS". DistroWatch. Archived from the original on 2 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
  284. ^ a b Murray, BD (9 June 2022). "Ubuntu Kinetic Kudu Release Schedule". discourse.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  285. ^ Proven, Liam (20 October 2022). "Ubuntu has a new remix in the family: Unity". The Register. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
  286. ^ "Canonical releases Ubuntu 22.10 Kinetic Kudu". ubuntu.com. Canonical. 20 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  287. ^ Sneddon, Joey (21 October 2022). "Ubuntu 22.10: What's New?". OMG Ubuntu. Archived from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  288. ^ a b Murray, BD (2 November 2022). "Lunar Lobster Release Schedule". discourse.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 6 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  289. ^ a b Sneddon, Joey (20 April 2023). "Ubuntu 23.04 is Now Available to Download". OMG Ubuntu. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
  290. ^ Canonical (20 April 2023). "Canonical releases Ubuntu 23.04 Lunar Lobster". canonical.com. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  291. ^ Mann, Tobias (20 April 2023). "Ubuntu 23.04 Lunar Lobster scuttles into public view". The Register. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
  292. ^ Nestor, Marius (28 April 2023). "Ubuntu 23.10 "Mantic Minotaur" Is Slated for Release on October 12th, 2023". 9to5linux.com. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  293. ^ a b Murray, BD (3 May 2023). "Mantic Minotaur Release Schedule". discourse.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  294. ^ "Precise Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  295. ^ "Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise Pangolin) End of Life reached on April 28, 2017" (Mailing list). Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  296. ^ "LTS Enablement Stacks". Retrieved 10 February 2014.
  297. ^ "Date of EOL changed to overlap Ubuntu 14.04 release" (Mailing list). Retrieved 13 May 2014.
  298. ^ "Ubuntu Kernel Team – Quantal Release Status". Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  299. ^ "Ubuntu Kernel Team – Raring Release Status". Retrieved 12 January 2013.
  300. ^ "Saucy Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  301. ^ "Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander) reaches End of Life on July 17 2014". Lists.ubuntu.com. 17 October 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  302. ^ "Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) began April 25 2019" (Mailing list). lists.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  303. ^ "Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn) reaches End of Life on July 23, 2015" (Mailing list). lists.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
  304. ^ "Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn) Now Based on Linux Kernel 3.16", 22 July 2014, Silviu Stahie
  305. ^ Sneddon, Joey (18 November 2014). "Ubuntu 15.04 Gets Tentative Release Date of April 23, 2015". OMG Ubuntu. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
  306. ^ "Ubuntu 15.04 (Vivid Vervet) reaches End of Life on February 4 2016" (Mailing list). lists.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
  307. ^ Stahie, Silviu (8 April 2015). "Ubuntu 15.04 Launches in Two Weeks, Will Be Based on Linux Kernel 3.19.3 After All". Softpedia. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  308. ^ "Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werewolf) reaches End of Life on July 28 2016" (Mailing list). Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  309. ^ Marius Nestor (14 July 2015). "Ubuntu 15.10 Is Rebased on Linux Kernel 4.2, Tracking of Linux Kernel 4.2 Continues". Softpedia. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  310. ^ "Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus) begins April 30 2021" (Mailing list). Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  311. ^ Nestor, Marius (16 December 2015). "Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) Updates to Linux Kernel 4.3.3, Tracks Linux 4.4 RC5". Softpedia. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  312. ^ Cite error: The named reference YakketyRelease was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  313. ^ "Ubuntu 16.10 (Yakkety Yak) reaches End of Life on July 20 2017" (Mailing list). Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  314. ^ "Zesty Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  315. ^ "Ubuntu 17.04 (Zesty Zapus) reaches End of Life on January 13, 2018" (Mailing list). Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  316. ^ "Ubuntu Wiki Zesty Zapus Release Notes". Ubuntu Wiki. 23 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
  317. ^ "Artful Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  318. ^ "Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark) reaches End of Life on July 19 2018" (Mailing list). Retrieved 6 July 2018.
  319. ^ "Ubuntu Wiki Artful Aardvark Release Notes". Ubuntu Wiki. 19 October 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
  320. ^ "Linux 4.15 Kernel Is Now The Default in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS – Phoronix". phoronix.com. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  321. ^ "Cosmic Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  322. ^ "Ubuntu 18.10 (Cosmic Cuttlefish) reaches End of Life on July 18 2019" (Mailing list). Retrieved 10 July 2019.
  323. ^ Nestor, Marius. "Ubuntu 18.10 "Cosmic Cuttlefish" Beta Released with GNOME 3.30 and Linux 4.18". softpedia. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  324. ^ "Ubuntu 19.04 (Disco Dingo) reaches End of Life on January 23 2020" (Mailing list). Retrieved 10 January 2020.
  325. ^ Canonical Limited (6 May 2019). . wiki.ubuntu.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  326. ^ "Ubuntu 19.10 (Eoan Ermine) reaches End of Life on July 17 2020" (Mailing list). Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  327. ^ . TEC ROBUST. 16 July 2019. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  328. ^ Conrad, AD (16 October 2019). "FocalFossa Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  329. ^ Prakash, Abhishek (17 October 2019). "Ubuntu 20.04 Release Date and New Features [Updated]". It's FOSS. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  330. ^ Laney (25 April 2020). "GroovyGorilla Release Schedule". wiki.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
  331. ^ "Ubuntu 20.10 (Groovy Gorilla) End of Life reached on July 22 2021" (Mailing list). Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  332. ^ "Release - Ubuntu Wiki". wiki.ubuntu.com. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  333. ^ "Ubuntu 21.04 (Hirsute Hippo) End of Life reached on January 20 2022" (Mailing list). Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  334. ^ Sneddon, Joey (25 January 2021). "Ubuntu 21.04: Release Date & New Features". OMG! Ubuntu!. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  335. ^ "Ubuntu 21.10 (Impish Indri) End of Life reached on July 14 2022" (Mailing list). Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  336. ^ "Ubuntu 22.10 (Kinetic Kudu) reaches End of Life on July 20 2023" (Mailing list). Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  337. ^ "Canonical releases Ubuntu 22.10 Kinetic Kudu". Ubuntu. 20 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  338. ^ Moffitt, Nick (31 May 2007). "Old packages from unsupported Ubuntu releases will be removed from archive.ubuntu.com". ubuntu-mirrors-announce (Mailing list). Retrieved 1 December 2008.
  339. ^ "Ubuntu Releases". Ubuntu. Retrieved 11 August 2008.
  340. ^ "Old Ubuntu Releases". Old-releases.ubuntu.com. Retrieved 17 July 2013.

External links Edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ubuntu.
  • releases.ubuntu.com – Ubuntu Releases site

August 31, 2023
ubuntu, version, history, ubuntu, releases, made, semiannually, canonical, developers, ubuntu, operating, system, using, year, month, release, version, number, first, ubuntu, release, example, ubuntu, released, october, 2004, consequently, version, numbers, fu. Ubuntu releases are made semiannually by Canonical Ltd the developers of the Ubuntu operating system using the year and month of the release as a version number The first Ubuntu release for example was Ubuntu 4 10 and was released on 20 October 2004 1 2 Consequently version numbers for future versions are provisional if the release is delayed until a different month or even year to that planned the version number will change accordingly 3 Ubuntu 23 04 Lunar LobsterCanonical schedules Ubuntu releases to occur approximately one month after GNOME releases resulting in each Ubuntu release including a newer version of GNOME 4 5 6 Every fourth release occurring in the second quarter of even numbered years has been designated as a long term support LTS release 7 The desktop version of LTS releases for 10 04 and earlier were supported for three years with server version support for five years LTS releases 12 04 and newer are freely supported for five years Through the ESM paid option support can be extended even longer up to a total of ten years for 18 04 8 The support period for non LTS releases is 9 months 9 Prior to 13 04 it had been 18 months Contents 1 Naming convention 2 Release history 2 1 Ubuntu 4 10 Warty Warthog 2 2 Ubuntu 5 04 Hoary Hedgehog 2 3 Ubuntu 5 10 Breezy Badger 2 4 Ubuntu 6 06 LTS Dapper Drake 2 5 Ubuntu 6 10 Edgy Eft 2 6 Ubuntu 7 04 Feisty Fawn 2 7 Ubuntu 7 10 Gutsy Gibbon 2 8 Ubuntu 8 04 LTS Hardy Heron 2 9 Ubuntu 8 10 Intrepid Ibex 2 10 Ubuntu 9 04 Jaunty Jackalope 2 11 Ubuntu 9 10 Karmic Koala 2 12 Ubuntu 10 04 LTS Lucid Lynx 2 13 Ubuntu 10 10 Maverick Meerkat 2 14 Ubuntu 11 04 Natty Narwhal 2 15 Ubuntu 11 10 Oneiric Ocelot 2 16 Ubuntu 12 04 LTS Precise Pangolin 2 17 Ubuntu 12 10 Quantal Quetzal 2 18 Ubuntu 13 04 Raring Ringtail 2 19 Ubuntu 13 10 Saucy Salamander 2 20 Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Trusty Tahr 2 21 Ubuntu 14 10 Utopic Unicorn 2 22 Ubuntu 15 04 Vivid Vervet 2 23 Ubuntu 15 10 Wily Werewolf 2 24 Ubuntu 16 04 LTS Xenial Xerus 2 25 Ubuntu 16 10 Yakkety Yak 2 26 Ubuntu 17 04 Zesty Zapus 2 27 Ubuntu 17 10 Artful Aardvark 2 28 Ubuntu 18 04 LTS Bionic Beaver 2 29 Ubuntu 18 10 Cosmic Cuttlefish 2 30 Ubuntu 19 04 Disco Dingo 2 31 Ubuntu 19 10 Eoan Ermine 2 32 Ubuntu 20 04 LTS Focal Fossa 2 33 Ubuntu 20 10 Groovy Gorilla 2 34 Ubuntu 21 04 Hirsute Hippo 2 35 Ubuntu 21 10 Impish Indri 2 36 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish 2 37 Ubuntu 22 10 Kinetic Kudu 2 38 Ubuntu 23 04 Lunar Lobster 2 39 Ubuntu 23 10 Mantic Minotaur 3 Table of versions 4 Version timeline 5 Version end of life 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksNaming convention EditUbuntu releases are also given code names using an adjective and an animal with the same first letter an alliteration e g Dapper Drake With the exception of the first two releases code names are in alphabetical order and except for the first three releases the first letters are sequential allowing a quick determination of which release is newer As of Ubuntu 17 10 however the initial letter rolled over and returned to A Names are occasionally chosen so that animal appearance or habits reflects some new feature e g Koala s favourite leaf is Eucalyptus see below Ubuntu releases are often referred to using only the adjective portion of the code name e g Feisty 10 Release history EditUbuntu 4 10 Warty Warthog Edit Ubuntu 4 10 Warty Warthog Ubuntu 4 10 Warty Warthog released on 20 October 2004 is Canonical s first release of Ubuntu building upon Debian with plans for a new release every six months and eighteen months of support thereafter 2 It used the ext3 file system Support ended on 30 April 2006 11 Ubuntu 4 10 was offered as a free download and through Canonical s ShipIt 12 service was also mailed to users free of charge in CD format 13 Ubuntu 5 04 Hoary Hedgehog Edit Ubuntu 5 04 Hoary Hedgehog Ubuntu 5 04 Hoary Hedgehog released on 8 April 2005 14 is Canonical s second release of Ubuntu Support ended on 31 October 2006 15 Ubuntu 5 04 added many new features including an Update Manager 16 upgrade notifier readahead and grepmap suspend hibernate and standby support dynamic frequency scaling for processors Ubuntu hardware database Kickstart installation and APT authentication 17 18 Ubuntu 5 04 was the first version that allowed installation from USB devices Beginning with Ubuntu 5 04 UTF 8 became the default character encoding 19 Ubuntu 5 10 Breezy Badger Edit Ubuntu 5 10 Breezy Badger Ubuntu 5 10 Breezy Badger released on 12 October 2005 20 is Canonical s third release of Ubuntu Support ended on 13 April 2007 21 Ubuntu 5 10 added several new features including a graphical bootloader Usplash an Add Remove Applications tool 22 a menu editor Alacarte an easy language selector logical volume management support full Hewlett Packard printer support OEM installer support a new Ubuntu logo in the top left and Launchpad integration for bug reporting and software development 23 Ubuntu 6 06 LTS Dapper Drake Edit Ubuntu 6 06 Dapper Drake Ubuntu 6 06 Dapper Drake released on 1 June 2006 24 is Canonical s fourth release of Ubuntu and the first long term support LTS release Ubuntu 6 06 was released behind schedule having been intended as 6 04 It is sometimes jokingly described as their first Late To Ship LTS release 25 Development was not complete in April 2006 and Mark Shuttleworth approved slipping the release date to June making it 6 06 instead 26 Support ended on 14 July 2009 for desktops and ended in June 2011 for servers 27 Ubuntu 6 06 included several new features including having the Live CD and Install CD merged onto one disc 28 a graphical installer on Live CD Ubiquity Usplash on shutdown as well as startup a network manager for easy switching of multiple wired and wireless connections Humanlooks theme implemented using Tango guidelines based on Clearlooks and featuring orange colors instead of brown and GDebi graphical installer for package files 29 Ubuntu 6 06 did not include a means to install from a USB device but did for the first time allow installation directly onto removable USB devices Ubuntu 6 10 Edgy Eft Edit Ubuntu 6 10 Edgy Eft Ubuntu 6 10 Edgy Eft released on 26 October 2006 30 is Canonical s fifth release of Ubuntu Support ended on 25 April 2008 31 Ubuntu 6 10 added several new features including a heavily modified Human theme Upstart init daemon automated crash reports Apport Tomboy note taking application and F Spot photo manager EasyUbuntu a third party program designed to make Ubuntu easier to use was included in Ubuntu 6 10 as a meta package 32 Ubuntu 7 04 Feisty Fawn Edit Ubuntu 7 04 Feisty Fawn Ubuntu 7 04 Feisty Fawn released on 19 April 2007 33 is Canonical s sixth release of Ubuntu Support ended on 19 October 2008 34 Ubuntu 7 04 included several new features among them a migration assistant to help former Microsoft Windows users transition to Ubuntu support for Kernel based Virtual Machine assisted codec and restricted drivers installation including Adobe Flash Java MP3 support easier installation of Nvidia and ATI drivers Compiz desktop effects support for Wi Fi Protected Access the addition of Sudoku and chess a disk usage analyzer baobab GNOME Control Center and zeroconf support for many devices 17 Ubuntu 7 10 Gutsy Gibbon Edit Ubuntu 7 10 Gutsy Gibbon Ubuntu 7 10 Gutsy Gibbon released on 18 October 2007 35 is Canonical s seventh release of Ubuntu Support ended on 18 April 2009 36 Ubuntu 7 10 included several new features among them AppArmor security framework 37 fast desktop search 38 a Firefox plug in manager Ubufox 39 a graphical configuration tool for X Org full NTFS support read write via NTFS 3G and a revamped printing system with PDF printing by default 39 Compiz Fusion was enabled as default in Ubuntu 7 10 40 and Fast user switching was added 38 Ubuntu 8 04 LTS Hardy Heron Edit Ubuntu 8 04 Hardy Heron Ubuntu 8 04 Hardy Heron released on 24 April 2008 41 42 43 is Canonical s eighth release of Ubuntu and the second long term support release 44 45 Support ended on 12 May 2011 for desktops 46 and ended on 9 May 2013 for servers 47 Ubuntu 8 04 included several new features among them Tracker desktop search integration 48 Brasero disk burner 49 Transmission BitTorrent client 49 Vinagre VNC client 49 system sound through PulseAudio 50 and Active Directory authentication and login using Likewise Open 51 In addition Ubuntu 8 04 included updates for better Tango compliance 52 various Compiz usability improvements automatic grabbing and releasing of the mouse cursor when running on a VMware virtual machine and an easier method to remove Ubuntu Ubuntu 8 04 was the first version of Ubuntu to include the Wubi installer on the Live CD that allows Ubuntu to be installed as a single file on a Windows hard drive without the need to repartition the disk The first version of the Ubuntu Netbook Remix was also introduced 53 Ubuntu 8 10 Intrepid Ibex Edit Ubuntu 8 10 Intrepid Ibex The default wallpaper depicts an Ibex with its large curved horns Ubuntu 8 10 Intrepid Ibex released on 30 October 2008 54 55 is Canonical s ninth release of Ubuntu Support ended on 30 April 2010 56 Ubuntu 8 10 introduced several new features including improvements to mobile computing and desktop scalability increased flexibility for Internet connectivity an Ubuntu Live USB creator and a guest account 57 which allowed others to use a computer allowing very limited user rights e g accessing the Internet using software and checking e mail 58 The guest account had its own home folder and nothing done on it was stored permanently on the computer s hard disk 59 Intrepid Ibex also included an encrypted private directory for users 60 the inclusion of Dynamic Kernel Module Support a tool that allows kernel drivers to be automatically rebuilt when new kernels are released and support for creating USB flash drive images 17 61 Ubuntu 9 04 Jaunty Jackalope Edit Ubuntu 9 04 Jaunty Jackalope Ubuntu 9 04 Jaunty Jackalope released on 23 April 2009 62 is Canonical s tenth release of Ubuntu Support ended on 23 October 2010 63 New features included faster boot time 64 and integration of web services and applications into the desktop interface Because of that they named it after the mythical jackalope 65 It was the first release named after a mythical animal the second being Utopic Unicorn It had a new usplash screen a new login screen and also support for both Wacom hotplugging and netbooks 64 It also included a new notification system Notify OSD 66 and themes It marked the first time that all of Ubuntu s core development moved to the GNU Bazaar distributed version control system 67 68 Ubuntu 9 04 was the first version to support the ARM architecture with native support for ARMv5EL and ARMv6EL VFP 69 Ubuntu 9 10 Karmic Koala Edit Ubuntu 9 10 Karmic Koala Ubuntu 9 10 Karmic Koala released on 29 October 2009 70 is Canonical s 11th release of Ubuntu Support ended on April 2011 71 72 The desktop installation of Ubuntu 9 10 replaced Pidgin with Empathy Instant Messenger as its default instant messaging client 73 The default filesystem is ext4 and the Ubuntu One client which interfaces with Canonical s new online storage system is installed by default 74 It introduced Grub 2 beta as its default bootloader 75 It also replaced Add Remove Programs gnome app install with Ubuntu Software Center while Canonical stated their intention to possibly replace Synaptic Software Sources Gdebi and Update Manager in Ubuntu 10 04 76 Karmic Koala also includes a slideshow during the installation process through ubiquity slideshow that highlights applications and features in Ubuntu In an announcement to the community on 20 February 2009 Shuttleworth explained that 9 10 would focus on improvements in cloud computing on the server using Eucalyptus 77 a new theme as well as further improvements in boot speed and development of the Ubuntu Netbook Remix 78 The new theme was later delayed to version 10 04 and only minor revisions were made to the default theme Other graphical improvements included a new set of boot up and shutdown splash screens a new login screen with a new transition into the desktop and greatly improved performance on Intel graphics chip sets 79 In June 2009 Canonical created the One Hundred Paper Cuts project focusing developers to fix minor usability issues A paper cut was defined as a trivially fixable usability bug that the average user would encounter on his her first day of using a brand new installation of the latest version of Ubuntu Desktop Edition 80 Ubuntu 10 04 LTS Lucid Lynx Edit Ubuntu 10 04 Lucid Lynx Shuttleworth first announced Ubuntu 10 04 Lucid Lynx 10 on 19 September 2009 at the Atlanta Linux Fest before it was released on 29 April 2010 81 82 It is Canonical s 12th release of Ubuntu and its third long term support LTS release Canonical provided support for the desktop version of Ubuntu 10 04 until 9 May 2013 and for the server version until 30 April 2015 83 The release included improved support for Nvidia proprietary graphics drivers while switching to the open source Nvidia graphics driver Nouveau by default 84 Plymouth was also introduced allowing boot animations 85 It also included a video editor for the first time by including Pitivi 86 GIMP was replaced with F Spot due to the former s complexity and file size 87 The distribution also included integrated interfaces for posting to social media On 4 March 2010 it was announced that Lucid Lynx would feature a new theme including new logos taking Ubuntu s new visual style into account 88 The new style in Ubuntu is inspired by the idea of Light We re drawn to Light because it denotes both warmth and clarity and intrigued by the idea that light is a good value in software Good software is light in the sense that it uses your resources efficiently runs quickly and can easily be reshaped as needed Ubuntu represents a break with the bloatware of proprietary operating systems and an opportunity to delight to those who use computers for work and play More and more of our communications are powered by light and in future our processing power will depend on our ability to work with light too Visually light is beautiful light is ethereal light brings clarity and comfort Historical perspective From 2004 2010 the theme in Ubuntu was Human Our tagline was Linux for Human Beings and we used a palette reflective of the full range of humanity Our focus as a project was bringing Linux from the data center into the lives of our friends and global family Chris Jones Light Ubuntu is Lightware Ubuntu Wiki The new theme met with mixed critical responses Ars Technica s Ryan Paul said The new themes and updated color palette are nice improvement for Ubuntu After testing the new theme for several hours I feel like it s a step forward but it still falls a bit short of my expectations One aspect of controversy from the new design was the placement of the window control buttons on the left instead of on the right side of the windows 89 90 TechSource s Jun Auza expressed concern that the new theme was too close to that used by Apple s Mac OS X I think Ubuntu is having an identity crisis right now and should seriously consider changing several things in terms of look and feel to avoid being branded as a Mac OS X rip off or worse get sued by Apple I believe the fans are divided right now Some have learned to love the brown color scheme since it uniquely represents Ubuntu while others wanted change 91 Ubuntu 10 10 Maverick Meerkat Edit Ubuntu 10 10 Maverick Meerkat The naming of Ubuntu 10 10 Maverick Meerkat was announced by Shuttleworth on 2 April 2010 along with the release s goals of improving the netbook experience and a server focus on hybrid cloud computing Ubuntu 10 10 was released on 10 October 2010 10 10 10 at around 10 10 UTC 92 93 94 This is a departure from the traditional schedule of releasing at the end of October to get the perfect 10 95 and a playful reference to The Hitchhiker s Guide to the Galaxy since in binary 101010 is equal to the number 42 the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life the Universe and Everything within the series 96 It is Canonical s 13th release of Ubuntu Support ended on 10 April 2012 97 New features included the new Unity interface for the Netbook Edition a new default photo manager Shotwell replacing F Spot the ability to purchase applications in the Software Center and an official Ubuntu font used by default 98 Ubuntu 11 04 Natty Narwhal Edit Ubuntu 11 04 Desktop Natty Narwhal using UnityThe naming of Ubuntu 11 04 Natty Narwhal was announced on 17 August 2010 by Mark Shuttleworth 99 Ubuntu 11 04 Natty Narwhal was released on 28 April 2011 100 It is Canonical s 14th release of Ubuntu Support ended on 28 October 2012 101 Ubuntu 11 04 used the Unity user interface instead of GNOME 2 as default The move to Unity was controversial as some GNOME developers feared it would fracture the community and marginalize GNOME Shell 102 103 Ubuntu 11 04 employed Banshee as the default music player replacing Rhythmbox Other new applications included OpenStack 104 Firefox 4 105 and LibreOffice which replaced OpenOffice org 106 The Ubuntu Netbook Edition was merged into the desktop edition 107 Jesse Smith of DistroWatch criticized the instability of the release 108 Ubuntu 11 10 Oneiric Ocelot Edit Ubuntu 11 10 final release 13 October 2011 running Unity 4 22 0The naming of Ubuntu 11 10 Oneiric Ocelot was announced on 7 March 2011 by Mark Shuttleworth He explained that Oneiric means dreamy 109 Ubuntu 11 10 was released on 13 October 2011 It is Canonical s 15th release of Ubuntu Support ended on 9 May 2013 110 In April 2011 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 11 10 would not include the classic GNOME desktop as a fall back to Unity Instead 11 10 included a 2D version of Unity as a fallback for computers that lacked the hardware resources for the Compiz based 3D version Shuttleworth also confirmed that Unity in Ubuntu 11 10 would run as a shell for GNOME 3 on top of GNOME 3 libraries unlike in Ubuntu 11 04 where it ran as a shell for GNOME 2 Meanwhile users were able to install the entire GNOME 3 stack along with GNOME Shell directly from the Ubuntu repositories 111 During the development cycle there were many changes to Unity including the placement of the Ubuntu button on the left Launcher instead of on the top Panel the autohiding of the window controls and the global menu on maximized windows and the introduction of window controls and more transparency into the Dash search utility 112 In May 2011 it was announced that Pitivi would be no longer part of the Ubuntu ISO starting with Ubuntu 11 10 Oneiric Ocelot The reasons given for removing it included poor user reception lack of fit with the default user case for Ubuntu lack of polish and the application s lack of development maturity 86 Other changes included the removal of the Synaptic package manager 113 and removing Computer Janitor as it caused broken systems for users Deja Dup was added as Ubuntu s backup program 114 Mozilla Thunderbird replaced the GNOME Evolution email client 115 Ubuntu 12 04 LTS Precise Pangolin Edit Ubuntu 12 04 LTS desktopUbuntu 12 04 LTS Precise Pangolin is Canonical s 16th release of Ubuntu and its fourth long term support LTS release released on 26 April 2012 116 117 It is named after the pangolin anteater 118 While previous LTS releases have been supported for three years for the desktop version and five years for the server version this release was supported for five years for both versions and support ended on 28 April 2017 119 120 Canonical continued to offer extended security maintenance to Advantage customers for an additional two years 121 Changes in this release include cutting the startup time for the Ubuntu Software Center by around 10 seconds refinements to Unity that included the removal of the window dodge feature that made desktop panels hide from windows 122 and a new head up display HUD feature that allows hot key searching for application menu items from the keyboard without needing the mouse Shuttleworth claimed that the HUD will ultimately replace menus in Unity applications 123 This release also switched the default media player from Banshee back to Rhythmbox and dropped the Tomboy note taking application along with the supporting Mono framework 124 125 It also shipped with IPv6 privacy extensions a feature introduced in 11 10 turned on by default 126 Jesse Smith of DistroWatch reviewed that while many people had questioned Ubuntu s direction he felt that the puzzle pieces which may have been underwhelming individually have come together to form a whole clear picture He wrote that Unity had grown to maturity was non traditional but attractive thanks to the HUD feature and reducing mouse travel while criticizing its lack of flexibility unsatisfactory performance in a virtual machine and the HUD not working in many applications like LibreOffice 127 Ubuntu 12 10 Quantal Quetzal Edit Ubuntu 12 10 s default desktopOn 23 April 2012 Shuttleworth announced Ubuntu 12 10 Quantal Quetzal as the first of 4 releases that will culminate in LTS 14 04 and refresh the look with work to be done on typography and iconography The release takes its name from the quetzal a species of Central American birds 128 It was released on 18 October 2012 and is Canonical s 17th release of the operating system Support ended on 16 May 2014 129 The Ubuntu Developer Summit held in May 2012 forecast this release to include an improved boot up sequence and log in screen wrap around dialogs and toolbars for the head up display and a vanilla version of Gnome Shell as an option while dropping Unity 2D in favor of lower hardware requirements for Unity 3D 130 It would ship with Python 3 in the image and Python 2 available via the Python package 131 the PAE switched on by default in the kernel 132 Ubuntu Web Apps a means of running Web applications directly from the desktop without having to open a browser 133 Nautilus 3 4 as its file manager to retain features deleted from later versions 134 and a new combined user session and system menu 135 In September 2012 Canonical s Kate Stewart announced that the Ubuntu 12 10 image would not fit on a compact disc 136 However a third party project has created a version of Ubuntu 12 10 that fits on a CD with LZMA2 compression instead of the DEFLATE compression used on the official Ubuntu DVD image 137 In the same month it was announced that the version of Unity to be shipped with Ubuntu 12 10 would by default include searches from Amazon com for searched terms 138 This move caused immediate controversy among Ubuntu users particularly with regard to privacy issues and European Directive 95 46 EC 139 and caused Shuttleworth to issue a statement indicating that this feature is not adware and labelled many of the objections as Fear uncertainty and doubt 140 141 Regardless users filed a Launchpad bug report on the feature requesting that it be made a separate lens mode for the search engine and not included with general desktop searches for files directories and applications 142 The degree of community push back on the issue resulted in plans by the developers to make the dash and where it searches user configurable via a GUI setting dialogue Despite concerns that the setting dialogue would not make the release it was completed and is present in 12 10 143 In reviewing Ubuntu 12 10 at the end of October 2012 for DistroWatch Jesse Smith raised concerns that Canonical reserves the right to share our keystrokes search terms and IP address with a number of third parties and criticized the low performance and instability of the release 144 In early November the Electronic Frontier Foundation criticized how the release loaded products from Amazon through HTTP subject to eavesdropping 145 Jim Lynch gave a favorable review in December while noting concerns of software bloat 146 Ubuntu 13 04 Raring Ringtail Edit Ubuntu 13 04 Raring Ringtail On 17 October 2012 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 13 04 Raring Ringtail would focus on mobile metrics things like battery life number of running processes memory footprint and polish the rough edges that we find when we do that 147 It was released on 25 April 2013 and support ended on 27 January 2014 148 The Wubi installer for Windows was dropped due to its incompatibility with Windows 8 and general lack of support and development 149 It included Unity 7 which had many performance improvements and searching of photos and social media posts from the Dash 150 Ubuntu 13 10 Saucy Salamander Edit Ubuntu 13 10 Saucy Salamander Ubuntu 13 10 Saucy Salamander released on 17 October 2013 151 is Canonical s 19th release of Ubuntu Support ended on 17 July 2014 Consideration was given to changing the default browser from Mozilla Firefox to Chromium but problems with updates to Ubuntu s Chromium package caused developers to retain Firefox for this release 152 Similarly the aging X Window System X11 was intended to be replaced with the Mir display server with X11 programs to have operated through the XMir compatibility layer However after the development of XMir ran into outstanding technical difficulties for multiple monitors Canonical decided to postpone the default use of Mir in Ubuntu 151 Mir was still be released as the default display server for Ubuntu Touch 13 10 153 Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu criticized the new Smart Scopes feature noting that internet search engines turn in more useful and better organized results and recommended selectively disabling individual scopes to reduce the noise factor 154 Jim Lynch of Linux Desktop Reviews described the release as boring and the Smart Scopes feature as very useful 155 In its year end Readers Choice Awards Linux Journal readers voted Ubuntu as Best Linux Distribution and Best Desktop Distribution for 2013 156 Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Trusty Tahr Edit Ubuntu 14 04 Trusty TahrMark Shuttleworth announced on 31 October 2011 that by Ubuntu 14 04 Ubuntu would support smartphones tablets TVs and smart screens 157 On 18 October 2013 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 14 04 Trusty Tahr would focus on performance refinement maintainability sic technical debt and encouraged the developers to make conservative choices 158 159 This version the 20th release of Ubuntu was released on 17 April 2014 160 Support ended on 25 April 2019 161 after which extended security maintenance was available to Ubuntu Advantage customers for two more years 162 However in September 2021 Canonical announced that it would extend LTS support for the 14 04 and 16 04 to a total of 10 years extending ESM support for 14 04 until April 2024 163 The development cycle for this release focused on the tablet interface specifically the Nexus 7 and Nexus 10 tablets 164 Ubuntu 14 04 reintroduced the ability to turn off the global menu system and use locally integrated menus instead for individual applications 165 166 Other features included a Unity 8 developers preview new mobile applications a redesigned Startup Disk Creator tool 167 a new forked version of the GNOME Control Center called the Unity Control Center 168 and default SSD TRIM support 169 GNOME 3 10 is installed by default 170 In reviewing Ubuntu 14 04 LTS in April 2014 Jim Lynch concluded While there are not a lot of amazing new features in this release there are quite a few very useful and needed tweaks that add up to a much better desktop experience Canonical s designers seem to be listening to Ubuntu users again and they seem willing to make the changes necessary to give the users what they want 171 Scott Gilbertson of Ars Technica stated Ubuntu is one of the most polished desktops around certainly the most polished in the Linux world but in many ways that polish is increasingly skin deep at the expense of some larger usability issues which continue to go unaddressed release after release 172 Ubuntu 14 10 Utopic Unicorn Edit A screenshot of the Ubuntu 14 10 Utopic Unicorn desktop with the mascot wallpaperOn 23 April 2014 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 14 10 would carry the name Utopic Unicorn 173 This version is the 21st release officially characterized as a release that addressed bug fixes and incremental quality improvements 174 It was released on 23 October 175 having only minor updates to the kernel Unity Desktop and included packages 176 Ubuntu 15 04 Vivid Vervet Edit Ubuntu 15 04 Vivid VervetOn 20 October 2014 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 15 04 would be named Vivid Vervet 177 178 It was released on 23 April 2015 179 It is the 22nd release of Ubuntu and used systemd instead of Upstart by default 180 Jesse Smith of DistroWatch praised the stability of the release especially amid the switch to systemd 181 This release also featured locally integrated menus by default replacing the previous default global menus 182 This release included modest improvements in Intel Haswell graphics performance and bigger improvements for AMD Radeon graphics cards using the open source Radeon R600 and RadeonSI Gallium3D drivers 183 Ubuntu 15 10 Wily Werewolf Edit Ubuntu 15 10 Wily WerewolfShuttleworth announced on 4 May 2015 that Ubuntu 15 10 would be called Wily Werewolf 184 He initially expressed hope that the release would include the Mir display server but it was released on 22 October 2015 without Mir It is the 23rd release of Ubuntu 185 186 and eliminated the disappearing window edge scrollbars in favour of the upstream GNOME scrollbars a move designed to save developer time in creating patches and updates 187 Steven J Vaughan Nichols of ZDNet praised the release for its integration of cloud services such as the new Ubuntu OpenStack cloud deployment and management tool OpenStack Autopilot as well as its server tools especially Ubuntu s machine container hypervisor LXD included by default in 15 10 188 A Hectic Geek review noted problems with X Org Server crashes and concluded If you use Ubuntu 14 04 LTS and if it s working out for you then there really is no need to switch to a non LTS release especially to the 15 10 189 A review on Dedoimedo identified problems with Samba Bluetooth desktop searching battery life and the smartphone interface and found the release inconsistent 190 Ubuntu 16 04 LTS Xenial Xerus Edit Ubuntu 16 04 LTS Xenial XerusShuttleworth announced on 21 October 2015 that Ubuntu 16 04 LTS would be called Xenial Xerus and include an option for Unity 8 191 It was released on 21 April 2016 192 In September 2021 Canonical announced 163 that it would extend LTS support for the 14 04 and 16 04 to a total of 10 years extending the ESM support date for 16 04 until April 2026 The release adds support for Ceph and ZFS filesystems the LXD hypervisor for OpenStack 193 and Snap packages 192 194 It uses systemd instead of Upstart as its init system 195 196 This release has online Dash search results disabled by default in Unity 7 197 198 does not support the AMD Catalyst fglrx driver for AMD ATI graphics cards and instead recommends the Radeon and AMDGPU alternatives 199 It also replaced the Ubuntu Software Center with GNOME Software rebranded as Ubuntu Software and eliminated Empathy and Brasero from the ISO file 200 Ubuntu 16 10 Yakkety Yak Edit Yakkety Yak redirects here For the pop song see Yakety Yak For other uses see Yakety Yak disambiguation Ubuntu 16 10 Yakkety YakMark Shuttleworth announced on 21 April 2016 that Ubuntu 16 10 would be called Yakkety Yak 201 It was released on 13 October 2016 202 This release includes a faster version of Ubuntu Software better support for installing command line only applications support for installing fonts and multimedia codecs paid applications changelog entries for Personal Package Archives PPAs in the Update Manager user session handling by systemd and Linux kernel 4 8 203 202 Ubuntu 17 04 Zesty Zapus Edit Ubuntu 17 04 Zesty ZapusOn 17 October 2016 Mark Shuttleworth announced that the codename of Ubuntu 17 04 released on 13 April 2017 would be Zesty Zapus 204 This release dropped support for the 32 bit PowerPC architecture following the same move by the upstream Debian project Other changes include the default DNS resolver now being systemd resolved Linux kernel 4 10 and included support for printers 205 206 Reviewers noted that this was likely to be the last version of Ubuntu to ship with Unity 7 by default before Ubuntu s switch to GNOME matching the end of the alphabet in Ubuntu s codename scheme 206 Ubuntu 17 10 Artful Aardvark Edit Ubuntu 17 10 Artful AardvarkArtful Aardvark the 27th release of Ubuntu was announced via Launchpad on 21 April 2017 instead of on Shuttleworth s blog as had been the case in the past It was released on 19 October 2017 207 208 Critics praised the smooth transition to GNOME and the significance of the release s changes 209 This is the first release of Ubuntu to use the GNOME Shell interface and the first release to replace X11 with the Wayland display server 210 211 212 In May 2017 Ken VanDine a Canonical Software Engineer on the Ubuntu desktop team tasked with the switch to GNOME confirmed that the intention is to ship the most current version of GNOME with very few changes from a stock installation 213 This release also dropped 32 bit desktop images other images 32 bit versions remain 214 215 216 Ubuntu 18 04 LTS Bionic Beaver Edit Ubuntu 18 04 LTS Bionic BeaverUbuntu 18 04 LTS Bionic Beaver the seventh LTS release is a long term support version that was announced on 24 October 2017 on Shuttleworth s blog and released on 26 April 2018 217 218 Ubuntu 18 04 LTS had normal LTS support for five years until May 2023 and has paid ESM support available from Canonical for an additional five years until April 2028 219 220 221 New features include colour emoticons 222 a new To Do application preinstalled in the default installation 223 the Minimal Install option in the system installer which only installs a web browser and system tools 224 and a branded command line system installer 225 This release employed Linux kernel 4 15 which incorporated a CPU controller for the cgroup v2 interface AMD secure memory encryption support and improved SATA Link Power Management 226 Ubuntu 18 04 LTS s default display server was returned to Xorg for more stability Wayland was still included as part of the default install 227 For the first time some bundled applications were delivered by default as snaps 228 Plans to include a new theme Communitheme now Yaru created by the Ubuntu community were announced on 5 February 2018 229 However Ubuntu 18 04 LTS did not include it citing outstanding bugs a lack of broader testing as well as ongoing gaps in corner case usage The new theme was available as a Snap package instead 230 Ubuntu 18 10 Cosmic Cuttlefish Edit Ubuntu 18 10 Cosmic CuttlefishShuttleworth announced Ubuntu 18 10 Cosmic Cuttlefish on 8 May 2018 It was released on 18 October 2018 231 Installation speeds are faster due to the use of a lossless compression algorithm known as Zstandard Startup speeds of pre installed Snap applications were also improved 232 Ubuntu 18 10 includes a new theme Yaru as the default theme along with its accompanying icon theme Suru 233 234 Ubuntu 19 04 Disco Dingo Edit Ubuntu 19 04 Disco DingoUbuntu 19 04 codenamed Disco Dingo was released on 18 April 2019 235 It incorporates Linux kernel 5 0 which adds support for AMD FreeSync technology for liquid crystal displays Raspberry Pi touchscreens Adiantum encryption Btrfs swap files as well as many USB 3 2 and Type C improvements and several other new hardware 236 237 It uses GNOME 3 32 which includes a new icon set night light intensity control advanced application permissions favoriting files and a new header bar as well as find and read only modes in the default terminal emulator Version 19 of the open source graphics drivers Mesa is natively available in this version of Ubuntu Furthermore the Grub menu now allows a safe graphics mode in case of issues with graphics cards or graphics drivers Geoclue integration and fractional scaling in the GNOME Shell for HiDPI displays are also included 238 Improvements for running Ubuntu on a VMWare virtual machine include integration of open vm tools within Ubuntu allowing for bi directional clipboard and file sharing 239 Ubuntu Server 19 04 updated QEMU to version 3 1 allowing for creation of a virtual 3D GPU inside QEMU virtual machines libvirt was updated to version 5 0 and Samba was updated to version 4 10 x Samba and its dependencies were updated to Python 3 with the exception of tdb which still builds a Python 2 package namely python tdb Ubuntu Server 19 04 includes the latest OpenStack release Stein and has vSwitch version 2 11 236 Ubuntu 19 10 Eoan Ermine Edit Ubuntu 19 10 Eoan ErmineUbuntu 19 10 codenamed Eoan Ermine iː ˈ oʊ e n was released on 17 October 2019 It uses Linux kernel 5 3 which among others introduces compatibility for third generation Ryzen CPU motherboards and associated Intel Wireless devices as well as AMD s 7 nm Navi GPUs 240 241 Experimental support for the ZFS filesystem is now available from the installer NVIDIA specific improvements were made Proprietary Nvidia graphics drivers are now bundled with the installer in place of the open source Nouveau drivers Support for the Raspberry Pi 4 platform was added The installation media now uses LZ4 compression which compared to the previously used compression algorithm gzip offers faster installation times This was decided following benchmarking of a variety of compression algorithms conducted by the Ubuntu kernel team 242 243 Kernel load and decompression times were tested and LZ4 was found to offer decompression as much as seven times faster Ubuntu 19 10 uses GNOME 3 34 which among others adds the ability to group application icons into folders introduces a background settings panel and a separate Night Light tab as well as improves upon performance and smoothness 244 A new Yaru light theme was introduced with this release as well 245 In a November 2019 Ars Technica review by Scott Gilbertson he concluded Ubuntu 19 10 is unusual for an October Ubuntu release in that I would call it a must have upgrade While it retains some of the experimental elements Ubuntu s fall releases have always been known for the speed boosts to GNOME alone make this release well worth your time 246 Ubuntu 20 04 LTS Focal Fossa Edit Ubuntu 20 04 LTS Focal FossaUbuntu 20 04 LTS codenamed Focal Fossa is a long term support release and was released on 23 April 2020 247 As an LTS release it will provide maintenance updates for 5 years until April 2025 This release is based on the Linux kernel 5 4 LTS which adds support for new hardware including Intel Comet Lake CPUs and initial Tiger Lake platforms Qualcomm s Snapdragon 835 and 855 SoCs as well as AMD Navi 12 and 14 GPUs 248 It also enables support for the exFAT filesystem the open source WireGuard VPN and integration with Livepatch which allows for reboot free kernel updates A new Linux Security Module named Lockdown disabled by default was introduced in this kernel release and aims to prevent high privileged root accounts from interacting with the underlying kernel by restricting certain kernel functionality disallowing execution of arbitrary code and enforcing kernel module signatures among others 249 250 An updated toolchain offers glibc 2 31 OpenJDK 11 Python 3 8 2 php 7 4 perl 5 30 and Go 1 13 Python 2 is no longer included by default This release uses GNOME 3 36 which brings improvements to the user interface including a revamped login screen and refreshed Yaru theme Improvements have also been made to the system menu and the installation screen which now shows a graphical drive checking routine The OEM logo is now displayed during boot 251 The Ubuntu Software Center will now install packages from the Snap Store and provide an option for selecting the desired release channel to install from This release also ended all support for the 32 bit architecture 252 253 Reviewer Joey Sneddon noted in OMG Ubuntu tradition dictates that Ubuntu LTS releases play things safer than the interim so called short term releases by only including features that Ubuntu developers can commit to maintain for at least five years Focal doesn t buck that trend But while this means there are few omg changes in 20 04 there are a number of iterative improvements usability and user interface refinements and some much needed updates spread throughout the whole of the system 252 Dave McKay writing for How To Geek concluded Ubuntu 20 04 Is a Great Release This is a polished good looking and fast release from Canonical 254 Writing in It s FOSS Abhishek Prakash wrote Since it s an LTS release stability is of the utmost importance Canonical team is not going to try any radical changes here Ubuntu 18 04 LTS users would surely notice the visual changes and performance improvements but I don t think you ll see many changes between 19 10 and 20 04 255 In a review in DistroWatch Jesse Smith detailed a number of problems found in testing this release including boot issues the decision to have Ubuntu Software only offer Snaps which are few in number slow use a lot of memory and do not integrate well He also criticized the ZFS file system for not working correctly and the lack of Flatpak support He concluded these issues along with the slow boot times and spotty wireless network access gave me a very poor impression of Ubuntu 20 04 This was especially disappointing since just six months ago I had a positive experience with Xubuntu 19 10 which was also running on ZFS My experience this week was frustrating slow buggy and multiple components felt incomplete This is in my subjective opinion a poor showing and a surprisingly unpolished one considering Canonical plans to support this release for the next five years 256 In a 29 May 2020 review in Full Circle Adam Hunt concluded 20 04 was a virtually flawless release 257 Ubuntu 20 10 Groovy Gorilla Edit Ubuntu 20 10 Groovy GorillaUbuntu 20 10 codenamed Groovy Gorilla was released on 22 October 2020 This release is based on the Linux kernel 5 8 which introduces support for several modern hardware devices and protocols Notable features include support for USB4 AMD Zen 3 CPUs and Intel Ice Lake and Tiger Lake graphics as well as initial support for booting Power10 processors GNOME 3 38 brings enhancements to the core GNOME apps and tweaked the app grid among other user experience improvements Ubuntu 20 10 is the first release to feature desktop images for the Raspberry Pi 4 4GB and 8GB models and the Compute Module 4 Older Pi models with less memory may still be able to boot but they are not officially supported 258 259 An updated toolchain set includes glibc 2 32 OpenJDK 11 rustc 1 41 GCC 10 LLVM 11 Python 3 8 6 ruby 2 7 0 php 7 4 9 perl 5 30 and golang 1 13 In addition to these nftables is now the default firewall backend replacing iptables 258 In an October 2020 review in How To Geek Dave McKay concluded we recommend that most people stick with Ubuntu 20 04 LTS for stability Ubuntu 20 10 doesn t offer any huge improvements Rather it just shows that Ubuntu is still a solid platform making good progress toward its next LTS release in 2022 Canonical estimates that 95 of Ubuntu installations are LTS versions If that s true then plainly interim builds won t appeal to many people who use Ubuntu Even if Canonical s figures are slightly off it s obvious the vast majority prefer stability and guaranteed long term support over the incremental benefits of interim builds 259 Tim Anderson of The Register concluded this is not the biggest of Ubuntu releases but keeps the momentum going for Canonical s distribution hugely popular for server use on public cloud and becoming more polished for desktop users too 260 Bogdan Popa writing for Softpedia noted of this release Ubuntu was is and will probably remain the leading Linux distribution out there at least as far as the number of users is considered 261 A review in Full Circle magazine concluded While Ubuntu 20 10 is a really solid release it has surprisingly few new features for a release that initiates a new Ubuntu development cycle In many ways this is probably a good sign though After 33 releases over 16 years Ubuntu is a very mature Linux distribution and it gets almost everything right There is not really a lot that needs changing beyond updating the hardware support for the next generation of computers and also updating the default applications both of which this release does These days most Ubuntu users run the current LTS release and only upgrade when a new LTS version comes out This standard release offers very little to entice most Ubuntu users to switch especially since it has only nine months of support 262 Ubuntu 21 04 Hirsute Hippo Edit Ubuntu 21 04 Hirsute HippoUbuntu 21 04 codenamed Hirsute Hippo was released on 22 April 2021 263 264 Ubuntu 21 04 uses the 5 11 Linux kernel which introduces smartcard authentication and support for Intel s Software Guard Extensions and improves support for AMD CPUs and GPUs Wayland is now used as the default on hardware other than those that have Nvidia graphics processors Support for drag and drop from the file manager to the desktop was also added 264 265 This release was to have used the new GNOME 40 release but a developer decision was made to retain GNOME 3 38 instead the same version used in Ubuntu 20 10 This decision was made to give time to address questions about the stability of the GTK4 toolkit a major GNOME interface redesign and the unknown impact on GNOME extensions and Ubuntu s default Yaru GTK theme 266 267 In a review Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu wrote Ubuntu 21 04 isn t a game changing release Despite the hirsute moniker there s little nothing hair raising included perhaps save for the switch to Wayland but even that isn t as prickly as it used to be But it s not a release totally devoid of value Ubuntu 21 04 features a striking new dark theme and makes a raft of smaller UI tweaks that add up to an impressive polished whole There are also new installer features a new desktop icons experience and of course a new wallpaper 268 Dave McKay wrote in How To Geek the Hirsute Hippo behaved well in testing and feels like a solid stable build What it lacks in surface glitter it makes up for with many significant changes beneath the hood even without GNOME 40 The 5 11 kernel refreshed applications and system wide bug fixes and security enhancements are all advantageous The change of permissions on the home directories is a welcome change too It s nothing that you couldn t do by hand in other releases but how many actually bothered 265 A review in Full Circle magazine note So far in this development cycle we have seen very few substantive changes Perhaps the most important is the use of Wayland by default Even though that is a developer accomplishment it is pretty much user transparent So far the next LTS release 22 04 is shaping up to be very similar to the last LTS release 20 04 and that is actually a good thing In a mature distribution that already works well like Ubuntu wholesale changes are not needed and would cause a lot of user unhappiness Ubuntu users today largely like how Ubuntu looks and works and don t think much in the way of changes are needed People who don t like Ubuntu are probably already using something else 269 Ubuntu 21 10 Impish Indri Edit Ubuntu 21 10 Impish IndriUbuntu 21 10 codenamed Impish Indri was released on 14 October 2021 270 Ubuntu 21 10 uses the 5 13 Linux kernel which introduces rudimentary support for Apple M1 chips FreeSync HDMI support for AMD GPUs a new Landlock security module and support for several new hardware among other changes and improvements 271 272 This release transitions from GNOME 3 38 to GNOME 40 introducing a horizontal workspace switcher and an improved Activities Overview design The Ubuntu Dock remains vertically placed on the left of the screen and now features separators between pinned and running applications as well as a persistent trash can icon and USB drive shortcuts A change was made in the default GNOME 40 behavior so that after logging in the user will be shown the desktop instead of the Activities Overview 273 Despite Ubuntu 21 10 shipping with GNOME 40 a few GNOME 41 apps are available A Firefox Snap is now installed by default on Ubuntu 21 10 instead of the deb package which remains available for the time being 274 Furthermore the Nvidia proprietary drivers now support Wayland sessions The default Yaru theme was also updated with new icons and Zstd compression was enabled in the main archive making installations faster 273 Joey Sneddon wrote in OMG Ubuntu for me what makes this release most appealing isn t a specific one thing it s the aggregate total the combination of new apps new kernel new GNOME Shell new look and new installer though not default for now make the Impish Indri a particularly inspiring iteration of this iconic distro 275 Dave McKay of How To Geek wrote in his review If you re an existing user and any of the hardware support or security features of the kernel are going to have a positive impact on your particular use case then go ahead and update If you don t have an issue that is going to be resolved by upgrading it s hard to justify the effort and risk of an upgrade Certainly there s nothing here to compel an avid LTS user to leave that safe haven and move to 21 10 276 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish Edit Ubuntu 22 04 LTS Jammy JellyfishUbuntu 22 04 codenamed Jammy Jellyfish was released on 21 April 2022 and is a long term support release supported for five years until April 2027 277 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS Desktop uses the 5 17 Linux kernel with the 5 15 HWE rolling kernel for hardware that does not support the newer kernel while Ubuntu 22 04 LTS Server uses the 5 15 Linux kernel and Ubuntu Cloud and Ubuntu for IoT uses an optimized kernel based on the 5 15 Linux kernel It updates Python to 3 10 and Ruby to 3 0 The init system is systemd 249 11 and the desktop is a mix of GNOME 41 and 42 applications The default web browser Firefox is available as a snap package and the release repositories no longer provide an alternative deb package This release offers users two Yaru themes light and dark but with a choice of ten different accent colors for customization 278 279 In his review of this release Steven Vaughan Nichols noted in an article for ZDNet all in all I think the new Ubuntu 22 04 is an excellent Linux desktop Beyond that it s also a great Linux distribution for almost any purpose 280 Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu termed the release pretty rad 281 Writing for The Register Richard Speed stated those upgrading from 20 04 LTS will find a number of changes to the environment as well as accent colors that are easier to set and inevitable dark mode enhancements the arrival of GNOME 42 and its screenshotting improvements have made for a slicker if not revolutionary desktop appearance 282 DistroWatch reviewer Jesse Smith was critical of the release writing I think the launch of Ubuntu 22 04 is a clear sign Canonical is much more interested in publishing releases on a set schedule than producing something worthwhile This version was not ready for release and it is probably going to be a costly endeavour to maintain this collection of mixed versioned software and mixed display server and mixed designs for a full five years It s a platform I would recommend avoiding 283 Ubuntu 22 10 Kinetic Kudu Edit Ubuntu 22 10 Kinetic KuduUbuntu 22 10 codenamed Kinetic Kudu is an interim release and was made on 20 October 2022 284 The release uses the 5 19 Linux kernel which improves the power efficiency on Intel based computers and supports multithreaded decompression It also upgrades the GNOME desktop environment to version 43 with support for GTK4 theming 285 Ubuntu 22 10 also adds support for MicroPython on microcontrollers such as the Raspberry Pi Pico W as well as support for RISC V processors It also adds rshell thonny and mpremote to the Ubuntu repositories 286 In a review in OMG Ubuntu writer Joey Sneddon stated if anything the Kinetic Kudu is not as energetic as its codename intimates As interim releases it is a passably interesting yet largely iterative issue Formulaic That s not a bad thing Releases like this are sure footed foundations on which more ambitious changes can later rest 287 Ubuntu 23 04 Lunar Lobster Edit Ubuntu 23 04 Lunar LobsterUbuntu 23 04 Lunar Lobster is an interim release out on 20 April 2023 and supported for nine months until 20 January 2024 288 This release incorporates GNOME 44 Linux kernel 6 2 Mesa 23 0 graphics drivers a new Flutter based installer using Subiquity including a new slide show an improved Quick Settings menu a new Mouse amp Touchpad menu in Settings and improved Snap package support that allows downloading open applications in the background and installing them when the application is closed The release also provides support for Microsoft Azure Active Directory which allows users with Microsoft 365 Enterprise plans to authenticate the Ubuntu desktops using common credentials 289 290 291 Reviewer Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu wrote if you asked me to describe Ubuntu 23 04 in one word I d choose improvement Nothing in this release is revolutionary but that s not a bad thing 289 Ubuntu 23 10 Mantic Minotaur Edit Ubuntu 23 10 Mantic Minotaur will be an interim release scheduled for 12 October 2023 and supported for nine months until July 2024 292 293 Table of versions EditVersion Code name Release date Standard support until Extended securitymaintenance until Initial kernel versionDesktops Servers4 10 Warty Warthog 2004 10 20 Old version no longer maintained 2006 04 30 2 6 85 04 Hoary Hedgehog 2005 04 08 Old version no longer maintained 2006 10 31 2 6 105 10 Breezy Badger 2005 10 13 Old version no longer maintained 2007 04 13 2 6 126 06 LTS Dapper Drake 2006 06 01 Old version no longer maintained 2009 07 14 Old version no longer maintained 2011 06 01 2 6 156 10 Edgy Eft 2006 10 26 Old version no longer maintained 2008 04 25 2 6 177 04 Feisty Fawn 2007 04 19 Old version no longer maintained 2008 10 19 2 6 207 10 Gutsy Gibbon 2007 10 18 Old version no longer maintained 2009 04 18 2 6 228 04 LTS Hardy Heron 2008 04 24 Old version no longer maintained 2011 05 12 Old version no longer maintained 2013 05 09 2 6 248 10 Intrepid Ibex 2008 10 30 Old version no longer maintained 2010 04 30 2 6 279 04 Jaunty Jackalope 2009 04 23 Old version no longer maintained 2010 10 23 2 6 289 10 Karmic Koala 2009 10 29 Old version no longer maintained 2011 04 30 2 6 3110 04 LTS Lucid Lynx 2010 04 29 Old version no longer maintained 2013 05 09 Old version no longer maintained 2015 04 30 2 6 3210 10 Maverick Meerkat 2010 10 10 Old version no longer maintained 2012 04 10 2 6 3511 04 Natty Narwhal 2011 04 28 Old version no longer maintained 2012 10 28 2 6 3811 10 Oneiric Ocelot 2011 10 13 Old version no longer maintained 2013 05 09 3 012 04 LTS Precise Pangolin 2012 04 26 294 Old version no longer maintained 2017 04 28 295 Old version no longer maintained 2019 04 26 3 2 296 12 10 Quantal Quetzal 2012 10 18 Old version no longer maintained 2014 05 16 297 3 5 298 13 04 Raring Ringtail 2013 04 25 Old version no longer maintained 2014 01 27 9 3 8 299 13 10 Saucy Salamander 2013 10 17 300 Old version no longer maintained 2014 07 17 301 3 1114 04 LTS Trusty Tahr 2014 04 17 160 Old version no longer maintained 2019 04 25 302 Older version yet still maintained 2024 04 25 3 1314 10 Utopic Unicorn 2014 10 23 175 Old version no longer maintained 2015 07 23 303 3 16 304 15 04 Vivid Vervet 2015 04 23 305 Old version no longer maintained 2016 02 04 306 3 19 307 15 10 Wily Werewolf 2015 10 22 186 Old version no longer maintained 2016 07 28 308 4 2 309 16 04 LTS Xenial Xerus 2016 04 21 192 Old version no longer maintained 2021 04 30 310 Older version yet still maintained 2026 04 23 4 4 311 16 10 Yakkety Yak 2016 10 13 312 Old version no longer maintained 2017 07 20 313 4 817 04 Zesty Zapus 2017 04 13 314 Old version no longer maintained 2018 01 13 315 4 10 316 17 10 Artful Aardvark 2017 10 19 317 Old version no longer maintained 2018 07 19 318 4 13 319 18 04 LTS Bionic Beaver 2018 04 26 218 Old version no longer maintained 2023 05 31 220 221 Older version yet still maintained 2028 04 26 4 15 320 18 10 Cosmic Cuttlefish 2018 10 18 321 Old version no longer maintained 2019 07 18 322 4 18 323 19 04 Disco Dingo 2019 04 18 235 Old version no longer maintained 2020 01 23 324 5 019 10 Eoan Ermine 2019 10 17 325 Old version no longer maintained 2020 07 17 326 5 320 04 LTS Focal Fossa 2020 04 23 327 328 Older version yet still maintained 2025 04 23 Older version yet still maintained 2030 04 23 5 4 329 20 10 Groovy Gorilla 2020 10 22 330 Old version no longer maintained 2021 07 22 331 5 821 04 Hirsute Hippo 2021 04 22 332 Old version no longer maintained 2022 01 20 333 5 11 334 21 10 Impish Indri 2021 10 14 Old version no longer maintained 2022 07 14 335 5 1322 04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish 2022 04 21 Older version yet still maintained 2027 04 21 Older version yet still maintained 2032 04 21 5 1522 10 Kinetic Kudu 2022 10 20 284 Old version no longer maintained 2023 07 20 336 5 19 337 23 04 Lunar Lobster 2023 04 20 288 Current stable version 2024 01 20 6 223 10 Mantic Minotaur 2023 10 12 293 Future release TBA TBALegend Old versionOlder version still maintainedLatest versionLatest preview versionFuture releaseVersion timeline EditviewtalkeditVersion end of life EditAfter each version of Ubuntu has reached its end of life time its repositories are removed from the main Ubuntu servers and consequently the mirrors 338 Older versions of Ubuntu repositories and releases can be found on the old Ubuntu releases website 339 340 See also EditDebian version history Fedora Linux release history openSUSE version historyPortals Free and open source software LinuxReferences Edit The story of Ubuntu Ubuntu retrieved 12 August 2023 a b Shuttleworth Mark 20 October 2004 Ubuntu 4 10 announcement ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 19 August 2008 TimeBasedReleases Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 27 August 2010 Releases Canonical Ltd Retrieved 28 February 2010 GNOME s Time Based Release Schedule Gnome Live Wiki Retrieved 27 August 2010 Stone Daniel 30 August 2009 New release process xorg devel Mailing list Retrieved 12 August 2023 LTS Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 27 August 2010 Release end of life Canonical Ltd Retrieved 28 April 2018 a b Ubuntu Technical Board Looks at Shuttleworth s Proposal for Release Management Methodology Ubuntu Fridge Retrieved 12 August 2023 a b DevelopmentCodeNames Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 8 May 2009 Zimmerman Matt 28 March 2006 Ubuntu 4 10 reaches end of life on 30 April 2006 ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 19 August 2008 ShipIt has closed Retrieved 21 November 2012 Announcing Ubuntu 4 10 The Warty Warthog Release Mailing list 20 October 2004 Retrieved 20 April 2013 5 04 Release Notes 8 April 2005 Archived from the original on 30 April 2008 Retrieved 19 August 2008 Armstrong Christina 23 October 2006 Ubuntu 5 04 reaches end of life on 31 October 2006 ubuntu security announce Mailing list Retrieved 19 August 2008 Get Ubuntu Upgrade Canonical Ltd Retrieved 27 August 2010 a b c Tux Radar 23 April 2009 The road to Jaunty a look back at Ubuntu s history Archived from the original on 26 April 2009 Retrieved 19 August 2008 DraftHoaryReleaseAnnouncement Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd 31 July 2005 Archived from the original on 10 November 2006 Retrieved 5 March 2008 HoaryGoals Ubuntu Wiki Canonical Archived from the original on 10 November 2006 Retrieved 3 September 2010 Ubuntu 5 10 release notes Canonical Ltd Archived from the original on 28 May 2014 Retrieved 12 August 2018 Fog Heen Tollef 14 March 2007 Ubuntu 5 10 reaches end of life on 13 April 2007 ubuntu security announce Mailing list Retrieved 19 August 2008 Add Remove Applications Community Ubuntu Documentation Canonical Ltd Archived from the original on 5 July 2007 Retrieved 11 October 2010 BreezyReleaseNotes Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd 31 July 2005 Archived from the original on 10 November 2006 Retrieved 5 March 2008 Ubuntu 6 06 LTS release notes Canonical Ltd Archived from the original on 14 May 2008 Retrieved 19 August 2008 Remnant Scott James 19 October 2014 Happy 10th Birthday Ubuntu Archived from the original on 24 November 2014 Retrieved 20 October 2014 Full Circle Magazine Issue 0 Full Circle April 2007 Archived from the original on 28 December 2008 Retrieved 9 June 2009 Langasek Steve 8 July 2009 Ubuntu 6 06 LTS Desktop Edition reaches end of life on 14 July 2009 ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 27 August 2010 LiveCD Community Ubuntu Documentation Canonical Ltd Retrieved 27 August 2010 DapperDrake Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd 26 January 2007 Retrieved 5 March 2008 Ubuntu 6 10 release notes Archived from the original on 16 March 2007 Retrieved 21 December 2006 End of Life announcement for Ubuntu 6 10 Canonical Ltd 25 March 2008 Archived from the original on 17 December 2014 Retrieved 1 April 2008 EdgyReleaseNotes Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd 16 October 2007 Archived from the original on 13 June 2007 Retrieved 5 March 2008 Ubuntu 7 04 release notes Canonical Ltd Archived from the original on 25 August 2010 Retrieved 27 August 2010 Langasek Steve 26 August 2008 Ubuntu 7 04 reaches end of life on 19 October 2008 ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 27 August 2010 GutsyReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 19 August 2008 End of Life announcement for Ubuntu 7 10 Canonical Ltd Archived from the original on 5 May 2009 Retrieved 27 March 2008 Gutsy Gibbon Tribe 3 test release Retrieved 2 June 2008 a b Gutsy Gibbon Tribe 4 test release Retrieved 2 June 2008 a b Gutsy Gibbon Tribe 5 test release Retrieved 2 June 2008 Gutsy Gibbon Tribe 2 test release Retrieved 2 June 2008 Ubuntu Announcements 24 April 2008 Ubuntu 8 04 LTS released ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 27 August 2010 Milestone ubuntu 8 04 for Ubuntu due 24 April 2008 Retrieved 19 August 2008 Introducing the Hardy Heron 29 August 2007 Archived from the original on 1 May 2008 Retrieved 19 August 2008 Ubuntu Weekly Newsletter Issue 36 Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 2 July 2008 Ubuntu s new Linux sports debugging tool Retrieved 19 August 2008 Handler N April 2011 Ubuntu 8 04 reaches end of life on 12 May 2011 Retrieved 15 May 2011 Ubuntu 8 04 Hardy Heron End of Life reached on May 9 2013 Ubuntu Fridge 10 May 2013 Retrieved 12 August 2018 Ubuntu developer summit Boston 1 November 2007 Archived from the original on 7 May 2008 Retrieved 2 June 2008 a b c Pitt Martin 14 January 2008 Accepted ubuntu meta 1 87 source hardy changes Mailing list Retrieved 21 January 2008 Blueprint Fix the Linux audio mess once and for all Retrieved 19 July 2008 Latest Server Release Expands Ubuntu Enterprise Profile 21 April 2008 Archived from the original on 21 August 2008 Retrieved 5 July 2008 Hardy Heron Artwork Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 19 August 2008 Download Ubuntu Eee 8 04 1 for your Eee PC Webtrickz Retrieved 29 October 2008 Ubuntu Announcements 30 October 2008 Ubuntu 8 10 released ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 27 August 2010 Milestone ubuntu 8 10 for Ubuntu due 30 October 2008 Retrieved 28 April 2008 Langasek Steve 29 March 2010 Ubuntu 8 10 reaches end of life on 30 April 2010 ubuntu security announce Mailing list Archived from the original on 15 December 2012 Retrieved 27 August 2010 Guest account specification Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 19 August 2008 Thomas Keir 31 October 2008 A User s Look at Ubuntu 8 10 Intrepid Ibex Retrieved 27 August 2010 Ubuntu Intrepid Ibex Features MoPedia 5 September 2008 Archived from the original on 10 March 2012 Retrieved 27 August 2010 EncryptedPrivateDirectory Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 27 August 2010 IntrepidIbex TechnicalOverview Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 27 August 2010 Ubuntu Announcements 23 April 2009 Ubuntu 9 04 released ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 23 April 2009 Robbie Williamson 23 September 2009 Ubuntu 9 04 reaches end of life on 23 October 2010 ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 3 October 2010 a b First look Ubuntu 9 04 Jaunty Jackalope Release Candidate Hardware 2 0 ZDNet 20 April 2009 Archived from the original on 19 June 2010 Retrieved 30 April 2010 Introducing the Jaunty Jackalope Lists ubuntu com 11 September 2008 Retrieved 25 May 2012 NotifyOSD Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 30 April 2009 Shuttleworth Mark 28 September 2008 Introducing the Jaunty Jackalope ubuntu devel announce Mailing list Retrieved 9 September 2008 JauntyReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 3 March 2009 Hodgin Rick 14 April 2009 Ubuntu 9 04 due April 23 includes native ARM port News Organization Archived from the original on 11 December 2019 Retrieved 15 March 2015 Ubuntu Announcements 29 October 2009 Ubuntu 9 10 released ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 27 August 2010 KarmicReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Team Wiki Canonical Ltd Retrieved 3 March 2009 Ubuntu reaches end of life on April 30 2011 Retrieved 30 April 2011 empathy binary package in Ubuntu Karmic i386 Retrieved 27 August 2010 Karmic Koala Alpha 3 Canonical Ltd 29 October 2009 Retrieved 30 April 2010 Grub2 Community Ubuntu Documentation Help ubuntu com Retrieved 25 May 2012 Larabel Michael August 2009 Canonical Unveils The Ubuntu Software Store Retrieved 15 August 2009 Introducing the Karmic Koala our mascot for Ubuntu 9 10 Lists ubuntu com 19 February 2009 Retrieved 25 May 2012 Shuttleworth Mark February 2009 Introducing the Karmic Koala our mascot for Ubuntu 9 10 ubuntu devel announce Mailing list Retrieved 21 February 2009 Nestor Marius June 2009 Ubuntu 9 10 Alpha 2 Released The Karmic Koala Chronicles Retrieved 22 June 2009 One Hundred Paper Cuts Retrieved 27 August 2010 Ubuntu Announcements 29 April 2010 Ubuntu 10 04 LTS released ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 27 August 2010 Paul Ryan September 2009 Ubuntu 10 04 LTS announced codenamed Lucid Lynx Retrieved 24 October 2009 Marius Nestor 30 April 2015 Ubuntu 10 04 LTS Lucid Lynx Reached End of Life on April 30 2015 Softpedia Retrieved 1 May 2015 Bug 454821 Bugs xserver xorg video nv package Ubuntu Canonical Ltd 2010 Retrieved 24 February 2010 Publishing history of plymouth package in Ubuntu Canonical Ltd June 2010 Retrieved 29 June 2010 a b Sneddon Joey May 2011 Video editor PiTiVi to be removed as default app in Ubuntu 11 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 14 May 2011 Paul Ryan November 2009 Giving up the GIMP is a sign of Ubuntu s mainstream maturity Retrieved 1 May 2010 Light Ubuntu is Lightware ubuntu com Archived from the original on 23 May 2022 Retrieved 4 March 2010 Paul Ryan 5 March 2010 Hands on a close look at Ubuntu s new non brown theme Retrieved 8 March 2010 Paul Ryan March 2010 Ubuntu dumps the brown introduces new theme and branding Retrieved 8 March 2010 Auza Jun March 2010 Ubuntu s New Look a Pale Imitation of Mac OS X Retrieved 8 March 2010 Shooting for the Perfect 10 10 with Maverick Meerkat 2 April 2010 Retrieved 27 August 2010 Robbie Williamson Ubuntu 10 10 Release Announcement ubuntu announce Mailing list Retrieved 16 October 2010 Article on Ubuntu 10 10 Release Andrew Lyle Retrieved 18 October 2010 Shooting for the Perfect 10 10 with Maverick Meerkat Mark Shuttleworth 2 April 2010 Retrieved 8 June 2010 Mark Shuttleworth 11 May 2010 ubuntu marketing 10 10 10 lists ubuntu com Archived from the original on 23 August 2016 Retrieved 4 February 2011 Ubuntu 10 10 Maverick Meerkat end of life fridge ubuntu com Paul Ryan October 2010 Ubuntu 10 10 arrives with impressive new netbook environment Ars Technica Retrieved 15 October 2010 Mark Shuttleworth 17 August 2010 N imal Retrieved 17 August 2010 Paul Ryan 28 April 2011 Ubuntu 11 04 released a Natty Narwhal rises from the depths Ars Technica Retrieved 29 April 2011 Sneddon Joey 28 October 2012 Ubuntu 11 04 Support Ends Today OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 28 October 2012 Mark Shuttleworth 25 October 2010 Ubuntu changes its desktop from GNOME to Unity Archived from the original on 9 November 2010 Retrieved 26 October 2010 Paul Ryan October 2010 Shuttleworth Unity shell will be default desktop in Ubuntu 11 04 Ars Technica Retrieved 26 October 2010 Prickett Timothy 10 May 2011 Ubuntu eats OpenStack for clouds The Register Retrieved 21 October 2011 Default Applications Listing for 11 04 Wiki ubuntu com 26 June 2011 Retrieved 21 October 2011 LibreOffice for natty replacing the current OpenOffice packaging Lists ubuntu com 3 January 2011 Retrieved 21 October 2011 Canonical Ltd December 2010 Natty Narwhal Alpha 1 Archived from the original on 29 December 2010 Retrieved 15 August 2018 Smith Jesse May 2011 A look at Ubuntu 11 04 DistroWatch Retrieved 10 May 2011 Shuttleworth Mark March 2011 Next after Natty Retrieved 9 September 2011 OneiricReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Wiki Wiki ubuntu com 7 October 2011 Retrieved 21 October 2011 Mark Shuttleworth Celebrating Gnome 3 0 Dash takes shape for 11 10 Unity Mark Shuttleworth 16 August 2011 Retrieved 21 October 2011 synaptic removed from ubuntu 11 10 June 2011 Retrieved 23 June 2011 Sneddon Joey May 2011 App changes for Ubuntu 11 10 See ya Computer Janitor and Hello Deja Dup OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 14 May 2011 Sneddon Joey August 2011 Thunderbird Confirmed as Default Mail App For Ubuntu 11 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 10 August 2011 Mark Shuttleworth Next after Natty PreciseReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Wiki Wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 26 April 2012 Shuttleworth Mark October 2011 P is for Retrieved 5 October 2011 Paul Ryan 28 May 2012 Precision and purpose Ubuntu 12 04 and the Unity HUD reviewed Ars Technica Retrieved 1 November 2012 Ubuntu 12 04 to feature extended support period for desktop users Canonical Retrieved 2 December 2017 Introducing Ubuntu 12 04 ESM Extended Security Maintenance Canonical Retrieved 2 December 2017 How To Enable Unity Launcher Dodge in Ubuntu 12 04 OMG Ubuntu 30 April 2012 Shuttleworth Mark 24 January 2012 Introducing the HUD Say hello to the future of the menu Retrieved 25 January 2012 Andrei Alin 15 November 2011 Expected Changes in Ubuntu 12 04 Precise Pangolin Web Upd8 Retrieved 8 November 2011 Sneddon Joey 4 November 2011 Banshee Tomboy And Mono Dropped from Ubuntu 12 04 CD OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 8 November 2011 Graber Stephane Networking in Ubuntu 12 04 LTS Bonding Retrieved 16 August 2012 Smith Jesse 7 May 2012 Review of Ubuntu 12 04 DistroWatch Retrieved 1 November 2013 Shuttleworth Mark 23 April 2012 Quality has a new name Retrieved 23 April 2012 Canonical Ltd 23 April 2012 Quantal Quetzal Release Schedule Retrieved 24 April 2012 Sneddon Joey 12 May 2012 UDS Q Summary Bye Bye Unity 2D Hello GNOME Shell Spin OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 12 May 2012 Quantal Quetzal TechnicalOverview Beta1 Ubuntu EnablingPAE Community Ubuntu Documentation Help ubuntu com Retrieved 21 October 2012 Noyes Katherine 16 July 2012 Ubuntu Linux 12 10 Will Integrate Web Apps into the Desktop PCWorld Business Center PC World Retrieved 20 July 2012 Sneddon Joey 23 August 2012 Ubuntu 12 10 Will Ship With Older Version of Nautilus OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 25 August 2012 Sneddon Joey 11 July 2012 New Session Menu Lands in Ubuntu 12 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 12 July 2012 Sneddon Joey 8 September 2012 It s Official The Ubuntu LiveCD is Dead OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 10 September 2012 ubuntucd CD compressed versions of Ubuntu Google Project Hosting Retrieved 21 October 2012 Sneddon Joey 21 September 2012 Online Shopping Feature Arrives in Ubuntu 12 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 25 September 2012 Sneddon Joey 10 October 2012 Blogger Claims Ubuntu s New Shopping Lens Breaks EU Law OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 11 October 2012 Vaughan Steven J Shuttleworth defends Ubuntu Linux integrating Amazon ZDNet Retrieved 25 September 2012 Shuttleworth Mark 23 September 2012 Amazon search results in the Dash Retrieved 25 September 2012 Bug 1054776 Don t include remote searches in the home lens Bugs unity lens shopping package Ubuntu Bugs launchpad net 20 September 2012 Retrieved 25 September 2012 Sneddon Joey 25 September 2012 Ubuntu 12 10 Amazon Shopping Results to be Made Optional OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 26 September 2012 Smith Jesse 29 October 2012 Ubuntu 12 10 Desktop DistroWatch Retrieved 3 November 2012 Lee Micah 29 October 2012 2012 10 29 Privacy in Ubuntu 12 10 Amazon Ads and Data Leaks retrieved 9 August 2023 Lynch Jim 5 December 2012 Ubuntu 12 10 Linux Desktop Reviews Archived from the original on 10 December 2012 Retrieved 6 December 2012 Shuttleworth Mark 17 October 2012 Not the Runty Raccoon the Rufflered Rhino or even the Randall Ross Retrieved 18 October 2012 RaringRingtail ReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Wiki Wiki ubuntu com 14 March 2013 Retrieved 28 April 2013 Intention to drop Wubi from 13 04 release Lists ubuntu com April 2013 Retrieved 28 April 2013 Sneddon Joey 19 April 2013 Ubuntu 13 04 s Top 10 New Features From Sync Menu to Speed Boost retrieved 26 June 2023 a b Paul Ryan 17 October 2013 Ubuntu 13 10 review The Linux OS of the future remains a year away Ars Technica Retrieved 2 November 2013 Sneddon Joey 13 August 2013 Firefox To Remain Default Browser in Ubuntu 13 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 13 August 2013 Tran Sam 2 October 2013 XMir Dropped from Ubuntu 13 10 Default Due to Technical Difficulties OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 3 October 2013 Sneddon Joey 17 October 2013 Title of Article OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 18 October 2013 Lynch Jim 15 October 2013 Ubuntu 13 10 Saucy Salamander Linux Desktop Reviews Retrieved 18 October 2013 Powers Shawn 2 December 2013 Readers Choice Awards 2013 Linux Journal Retrieved 9 December 2013 Shuttleworth Mark 31 October 2011 Ubuntu on phones tablets TV s and smart screens everywhere Joey Elijah Sneddon 18 October 2013 Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Named Trusty Tahr OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 19 October 2013 Shuttleworth Mark 18 October 2013 Quantal raring saucy Retrieved 18 October 2013 a b Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Release Schedule Ubuntu Wiki Retrieved 15 August 2018 Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 14 04 Trusty Tahr begins April 25 2019 Canonical 14 March 2019 Retrieved 20 April 2019 Announcing Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Trusty Tahr Canonical 19 September 2018 Retrieved 4 November 2018 a b Ubuntu 14 04 and 16 04 lifecycle extended to ten years Ubuntu Retrieved 23 September 2021 Sneddon Joey 15 November 2013 Ubuntu Tablet Will be Key Focus During Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Cycle OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 15 November 2013 Joey Elijah Sneddon 29 November 2013 Ubuntu 14 04 Adds Global Menu Off Switch OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 30 November 2013 Sneddon Joey 20 February 2014 Better Late Than Never Ubuntu To Offer Locally Integrated Menus in 14 04 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 24 February 2014 Joey Elijah Sneddon 19 November 2013 What to Expect in Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Next April Omgubuntu co uk Retrieved 30 November 2013 Joey Elijah Sneddon 14 December 2013 Ubuntu Confirm GNOME Control Centre Fork for 14 04 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 14 December 2013 Sneddon Joey Elijah 19 December 2013 Ubuntu 14 04 to Feature SSD TRIM Support By Default OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 19 December 2013 Sneddon Joey Elijah 18 January 2013 GNOME 3 10 Will Be Available To Install In Ubuntu 14 04 LTS OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 18 January 2013 Lynch Jim 17 April 2014 Ubuntu 14 04 LTS Linux Desktop Reviews Archived from the original on 21 April 2014 Retrieved 22 April 2014 Gilbertson Scott 23 April 2014 Ubuntu 14 04 review Missing the boat on big changes Ars Technica Retrieved 23 April 2014 Shuttleworth Mark 23 April 2014 U talking to me Retrieved 23 April 2014 Wong Anthony 23 October 2014 Ubuntu 14 10 Release Notes Retrieved 25 October 2014 a b Utopic Unicorn Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 10 June 2014 UtopicUnicorn ReleaseNotes wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 20 October 2014 Shuttleworth Mark 20 October 2014 V is for Vivid Retrieved 20 October 2014 Sneddon Joey 20 October 2014 This is the name of Ubuntu 15 04 And It s Not Velociraptor OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 20 October 2014 Canonical Ltd 5 December 2014 Vivid Vervet Release Schedule Retrieved 19 December 2014 Ubuntu Cloud Switches Over To Using Systemd By Default phoronix com Retrieved 27 April 2015 Smith Jesse 27 April 2015 First impressions of Ubuntu 15 04 DistroWatch Retrieved 28 April 2015 Andrei Alin 27 March 2015 Ubuntu 15 04 Vivid Vervet Final Beta Available For Download webupd8 Retrieved 27 March 2015 Larabel Michael 24 April 2015 Ubuntu 15 04 Offers Faster OpenGL For AMD Radeon GPUs on Open Source Phoronix Retrieved 27 April 2015 Shuttleworth Mark 4 May 2015 Announcing the wily werewolf Retrieved 4 May 2015 Ubuntu 15 04 Makes a Snappy Entrance eweek com Retrieved 4 May 2015 a b WilyWerewolf ReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 24 May 2015 Joey Elijah Sneddon 20 August 2015 Ubuntu 15 10 Ditches Unity Overlay Scrollbars OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 23 August 2015 Steven J Vaughan Nichols The Wily Werewolf Ubuntu 15 10 is unleashed ZDNet Retrieved 24 October 2015 Ubuntu 15 10 Review Less Exciting amp Largely Unchanged Hectic Geek 26 October 2015 Retrieved 3 November 2015 Ubuntu 15 10 Wily Werewolf review Fast and spurious dedoimedo com Retrieved 3 November 2015 Shuttleworth Mark 21 October 2015 Mark Shuttleworth Blog Archive X marks the spot markshuttleworth com Retrieved 21 October 2015 a b c Canonical unveils 6th LTS release of Ubuntu with 16 04 Ubuntu Insights 20 April 2016 Retrieved 21 April 2016 Canonical LXD ubuntu com Retrieved 22 April 2016 Silviu Stahie 5 November 2015 Ubuntu 16 04 LTS with Unity 7 to Support Snappy Packages Softpedia Retrieved 15 December 2015 Phoronix Ubuntu Systemd Plans Will Be Default By Ubuntu 16 04 LTS Retrieved 19 December 2014 XenialXerus ReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 23 October 2015 Bug 1054776 Don t include remote searches in the home lens Bugs unity lens shopping package Ubuntu launchpad net Retrieved 17 December 2015 Joey Elijah Sneddon 8 January 2016 Ubuntu Spyware Will Be Disabled in Ubuntu 16 04 LTS OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 15 January 2016 Joey Elijah Sneddon 11 March 2016 Why AMD GPU Users May Want to Avoid Ubuntu 16 04 LTS OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 16 March 2016 Silviu Stahie 5 November 2015 Ubuntu 16 04 LTS to Drop Ubuntu Software Center for GNOME Software Softpedia Retrieved 5 November 2015 Shuttleworth Mark 21 April 2016 Mark Shuttleworth Blog Archive Y is for markshuttleworth com Retrieved 22 April 2016 a b YakketyYak ReleaseNotes Ubuntu Wiki Retrieved 6 October 2016 Bouvier Scott 9 May 2016 What To Expect from Unity 7 in Ubuntu 16 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 9 May 2016 Shuttleworth Mark 17 October 2016 The mouse that jumped markshuttleworth com Retrieved 17 October 2016 ZestyZapus ReleaseNotes Ubuntu Wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 13 April 2017 a b Sneddon Joey 13 April 2017 Ubuntu 17 04 Available to Download Now This is What s New OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 13 April 2017 Sneddon Joey 21 April 2017 Ubuntu 17 10 Is Named Artful Aardvark OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 22 April 2017 Canonical Ltd 20 April 2017 Artful Aardvark Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 23 April 2017 Gilbertson Scott 27 November 2017 Ubuntu 17 10 Return of the GNOME Ars Technica Retrieved 2 December 2017 Nestor Marius 19 April 2017 Canonical to Make GNOME Default Session in Ubuntu 17 10 Softpedia Retrieved 20 April 2017 Sneddon Joey 5 April 2017 Ubuntu 18 04 To Ship with GNOME Desktop Not Unity OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 5 April 2017 Shuttleworth Mark Growing Ubuntu for Cloud and IoT rather than Phone and convergence Canonical Retrieved 5 April 2017 Sneddon Joey 16 May 2017 Ubuntu Desktop Team Discuss Their Plans for GNOME in Ubuntu 17 10 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 17 May 2017 Ledkov Dimitri John 27 September 2017 Change of scope and target market for i386 ubuntu com Retrieved 15 March 2019 Pay Attention Ubuntu is Officially Dropping 32 bit Desktop Images itsfoss com 28 September 2017 Retrieved 2 November 2017 Ubuntu Is Dropping 32 bit Desktop Images OMG Ubuntu 27 September 2017 Retrieved 15 March 2019 Ubuntu 18 04 LTS Release Schedule OMG Ubuntu omgubuntu co uk 29 October 2017 Retrieved 29 October 2017 a b BionicBeaver ReleaseSchedule Ubuntu Wiki wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 29 October 2017 Kerner Sean Michael 15 November 2018 Canonical Extends Ubuntu 18 04 LTS Linux Support to 10 Years Serverwatch Retrieved 16 November 2018 a b Ubuntu Extended Security Maintenance Ubuntu www ubuntu com Retrieved 15 March 2019 a b Releases Ubuntu Wiki wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 15 March 2019 Ubuntu 18 04 Will Support Color Emoji OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 8 November 2017 Retrieved 15 March 2018 Ubuntu 18 04 Adds a To Do App to Default Install OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 27 January 2018 Retrieved 15 March 2018 Ubuntu adds Minimal Install option to installer OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 14 February 2018 Retrieved 15 March 2018 Larabel Michael 27 April 2018 The New Ubuntu 18 04 Server Installer Is Working Out Nicely Phoronix Retrieved 27 April 2018 BionicBeaver ReleaseNotes Ubuntu Wiki wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 27 April 2018 Ubuntu Drops Wayland Switches back to Xorg OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 25 January 2018 Retrieved 15 March 2018 BionicBeaver ReleaseAnnouncement Ubuntu Wiki wiki ubuntu com How to Try the New Ubuntu Theme OMG Ubuntu 5 February 2018 Retrieved 14 March 2018 Dang it Ubuntu 18 04 Won t Include a New GTK Theme After All OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 13 March 2018 Retrieved 14 March 2018 Mark Shuttleworth Cue the Cosmic Cuttlefish Ubuntu 18 10 Beta is Now Available to Download OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 28 September 2018 Retrieved 2 October 2018 The Ubuntu Communitheme Has a New Name OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 24 July 2018 Retrieved 22 August 2018 Ubuntu 18 10 Daily Builds Ship with New Default Theme OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu 20 August 2018 Retrieved 22 August 2018 a b Canonical Ltd 18 April 2019 Ubuntu 19 04 Disco Dingo released lists ubuntu com Retrieved 19 April 2019 a b DiscoDingo ReleaseNotes Ubuntu Wiki wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 18 April 2019 Linux Kernel 5 0 Released This is What s New OMG Ubuntu 4 March 2019 Retrieved 18 April 2019 Sneddon Joey 3 November 2018 Ubuntu 19 04 Released OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 18 April 2019 Neowin Paul Hill Canonical announces the release of Ubuntu 19 04 Disco Dingo Neowin Retrieved 18 April 2019 The New Features amp Improvements of the Linux 5 3 Kernel Retrieved 17 October 2019 Linux 5 3 was released on Sun 15 Sep 2019 Retrieved 17 October 2019 Boot speed improvements for Ubuntu 19 10 Eoan Ermine 10 September 2019 Retrieved 17 October 2019 Comparison of Kernel Compression Methods x86 Archived from the original on 17 October 2019 Retrieved 17 October 2019 GNOME 3 34 The 10 Best Changes amp Features 3 September 2019 Retrieved 17 October 2019 ReleaseNotes Archived from the original on 17 October 2019 Retrieved 17 October 2019 Gilbertson Scott 27 November 2019 Ubuntu 19 10 It s fast like make old hardware feel new fast Ars Technica Archived from the original on 28 November 2019 Retrieved 15 November 2019 20 04 LTS ReleaseSchedule 23 April 2020 Archived from the original on 23 April 2020 Retrieved 23 April 2020 LTS 20 04 ReleaseNotes 23 April 2020 Linux 5 4 Pulls in LOCKDOWN Support For Opt In Hardware Kernel Security Restrictions 23 April 2020 Retrieved 23 April 2020 Linux to get kernel lockdown feature ZDNet 23 April 2020 Retrieved 23 April 2020 What s New in Ubuntu 20 04 LTS Focal Fossa 23 April 2020 Retrieved 23 April 2020 a b Sneddon Joey 23 April 2020 Ubuntu 20 04 Release Date amp New Features Updated OMG Ubuntu Archived from the original on 24 April 2020 Retrieved 26 April 2020 Popa Bogdan 23 April 2020 Ubuntu 20 04 LTS Officially Released Softpedia Archived from the original on 25 April 2020 Retrieved 27 April 2020 McKay Dave 23 April 2020 What s New in Ubuntu 20 04 LTS Focal Fossa HowtoGeek Archived from the original on 24 April 2020 Retrieved 26 April 2020 Prakash Abhishek 25 April 2020 Excited About Ubuntu 20 04 Here s What s New in This LTS Release It s FOSS Archived from the original on 15 April 2020 Retrieved 15 April 2020 Smith Jesse 4 May 2020 Ubuntu 20 04 LTS DistroWatch Archived from the original on 6 May 2020 Retrieved 8 May 2020 Hunt Adam 29 May 2020 Review Lubuntu 20 04 LTS PDF Full Circle magazine Archived PDF from the original on 30 May 2020 Retrieved 15 May 2020 a b Groovy Gorilla Release Notes 22 October 2020 Archived from the original on 23 October 2020 Retrieved 23 October 2020 a b McKay Dave 22 October 2020 What s New in Ubuntu 20 10 Groovy Gorilla How To Geek Archived from the original on 23 October 2020 Retrieved 23 October 2020 Anderson Tim 22 October 2020 Ubuntu 20 10 goes full Raspberry Pi from desktop to micro clouds Full fat desktop on a Pi is usable The Register Archived from the original on 25 October 2020 Retrieved 25 October 2020 Popa Bogdan 22 October 2020 Canonical Officially Launches Ubuntu 20 10 Softpedia Archived from the original on 27 October 2020 Retrieved 27 October 2020 Hunt Adam 30 October 2020 Review Ubuntu 20 10 PDF Full Circle magazine Archived PDF from the original on 30 October 2020 Retrieved 5 November 2020 Ubuntu 21 04 is here ubuntu com 22 April 2021 Archived from the original on 22 April 2021 Retrieved 28 October 2020 a b Hirsute Hippo Release Notes discourse ubuntu com 22 April 2021 Archived from the original on 22 April 2021 Retrieved 22 April 2021 a b McKay Dave 22 April 2021 What s New in Ubuntu 21 04 Hirsute Hippo howtogeek com Archived from the original on 22 April 2021 Retrieved 25 April 2021 Kumar Sarvottam 27 January 2021 This Is Why Ubuntu 21 04 Will Ship GNOME 3 38 Instead Of GNOME 40 FOSS Bytes Archived from the original on 27 January 2021 Retrieved 15 January 2021 seb128 21 January 2021 Staying on GTK3 and GNOME 3 38 this cycle discourse ubuntu com Archived from the original on 22 January 2021 Retrieved 15 January 2021 Sneddon Joey 21 April 2021 Don t Miss Ubuntu 21 04 What s New OMG Ubuntu Archived from the original on 23 April 2021 Retrieved 23 April 2021 Hunt Adam 28 May 2021 Review Ubuntu 21 04 PDF Full Circle magazine Archived PDF from the original on 28 May 2021 Retrieved 28 May 2021 Ubuntu 21 10 has landed ubuntu com Canonical 14 October 2021 Archived from the original on 16 October 2021 Retrieved 16 October 2021 Impish Indri Release Notes discourse ubuntu com Canonical Retrieved 14 October 2021 Sneddon Joey 28 June 2021 Major Update Linux Kernel 5 13 Released This is What s New OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 14 October 2021 a b Sneddon Joey 6 July 2021 Updated Ubuntu 21 10 Release Date amp New Features OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 14 October 2021 Sneddon Joey 16 September 2021 Hot Topic Ubuntu Makes Firefox Snap Default in 21 10 OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 15 October 2021 Sneddon Joey 12 October 2021 Ubuntu 21 10 What s New Video OMG Ubuntu OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 15 October 2021 McKay Dave What s New in Ubuntu 21 10 Impish Indri HowToGeek HowToGeek Retrieved 15 October 2021 Sneddon Joey 16 October 2021 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS Codename is a Jolly Good Choice OMG Ubuntu Zemczak Lukasz 21 April 2022 Jammy Jellyfish Release Notes discourse ubuntu com Archived from the original on 22 April 2022 Retrieved 22 April 2022 Trevisan Marco 18 March 2022 Yaru Accent Colors are coming to Jammy discourse ubuntu com Archived from the original on 22 April 2022 Retrieved 22 April 2022 Vaughan Nichols Steven 21 April 2022 Ubuntu 22 04 The Linux desktop for work ZDNet Archived from the original on 22 April 2022 Retrieved 22 April 2022 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS is Now Available to Download 21 April 2022 Archived from the original on 22 April 2022 Retrieved 21 April 2022 Speed Richard 21 April 2022 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS arrives on everything from a 2GB Pi to AWS Graviton The Register Archived from the original on 22 April 2022 Retrieved 22 April 2022 Smith Jesse 2 May 2022 Ubuntu 22 04 LTS DistroWatch Archived from the original on 2 May 2022 Retrieved 2 May 2022 a b Murray BD 9 June 2022 Ubuntu Kinetic Kudu Release Schedule discourse ubuntu com Archived from the original on 17 July 2022 Retrieved 17 July 2022 Proven Liam 20 October 2022 Ubuntu has a new remix in the family Unity The Register Retrieved 22 October 2022 Canonical releases Ubuntu 22 10 Kinetic Kudu ubuntu com Canonical 20 October 2022 Retrieved 20 October 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Sneddon Joey 21 October 2022 Ubuntu 22 10 What s New OMG Ubuntu Archived from the original on 7 November 2022 Retrieved 7 November 2022 a b Murray BD 2 November 2022 Lunar Lobster Release Schedule discourse ubuntu com Archived from the original on 6 November 2022 Retrieved 6 November 2022 a b Sneddon Joey 20 April 2023 Ubuntu 23 04 is Now Available to Download OMG Ubuntu Archived from the original on 21 April 2023 Retrieved 21 April 2023 Canonical 20 April 2023 Canonical releases Ubuntu 23 04 Lunar Lobster canonical com Archived from the original on 21 April 2023 Retrieved 15 April 2023 Mann Tobias 20 April 2023 Ubuntu 23 04 Lunar Lobster scuttles into public view The Register Archived from the original on 21 April 2023 Retrieved 21 April 2023 Nestor Marius 28 April 2023 Ubuntu 23 10 Mantic Minotaur Is Slated for Release on October 12th 2023 9to5linux com Archived from the original on 3 May 2023 Retrieved 3 May 2023 a b Murray BD 3 May 2023 Mantic Minotaur Release Schedule discourse ubuntu com Archived from the original on 3 May 2023 Retrieved 3 May 2023 Precise Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 21 October 2011 Ubuntu 12 04 Precise Pangolin End of Life reached on April 28 2017 Mailing list Retrieved 29 April 2017 LTS Enablement Stacks Retrieved 10 February 2014 Date of EOL changed to overlap Ubuntu 14 04 release Mailing list Retrieved 13 May 2014 Ubuntu Kernel Team Quantal Release Status Retrieved 3 October 2012 Ubuntu Kernel Team Raring Release Status Retrieved 12 January 2013 Saucy Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 3 May 2013 Ubuntu 13 10 Saucy Salamander reaches End of Life on July 17 2014 Lists ubuntu com 17 October 2013 Retrieved 18 July 2014 Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 14 04 Trusty Tahr began April 25 2019 Mailing list lists ubuntu com Retrieved 8 August 2020 Ubuntu 14 10 Utopic Unicorn reaches End of Life on July 23 2015 Mailing list lists ubuntu com Retrieved 6 July 2015 Ubuntu 14 10 Utopic Unicorn Now Based on Linux Kernel 3 16 22 July 2014 Silviu Stahie Sneddon Joey 18 November 2014 Ubuntu 15 04 Gets Tentative Release Date of April 23 2015 OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 18 November 2014 Ubuntu 15 04 Vivid Vervet reaches End of Life on February 4 2016 Mailing list lists ubuntu com Retrieved 23 January 2016 Stahie Silviu 8 April 2015 Ubuntu 15 04 Launches in Two Weeks Will Be Based on Linux Kernel 3 19 3 After All Softpedia Retrieved 8 April 2015 Ubuntu 15 10 Wily Werewolf reaches End of Life on July 28 2016 Mailing list Retrieved 17 July 2016 Marius Nestor 14 July 2015 Ubuntu 15 10 Is Rebased on Linux Kernel 4 2 Tracking of Linux Kernel 4 2 Continues Softpedia Retrieved 15 July 2015 Extended Security Maintenance for Ubuntu 16 04 Xenial Xerus begins April 30 2021 Mailing list Retrieved 25 September 2021 Nestor Marius 16 December 2015 Ubuntu 16 04 LTS Xenial Xerus Updates to Linux Kernel 4 3 3 Tracks Linux 4 4 RC5 Softpedia Retrieved 9 January 2016 Cite error The named reference YakketyRelease was invoked but never defined see the help page Ubuntu 16 10 Yakkety Yak reaches End of Life on July 20 2017 Mailing list Retrieved 5 July 2017 Zesty Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 16 December 2016 Ubuntu 17 04 Zesty Zapus reaches End of Life on January 13 2018 Mailing list Retrieved 10 January 2018 Ubuntu Wiki Zesty Zapus Release Notes Ubuntu Wiki 23 March 2017 Retrieved 24 March 2017 Artful Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 28 April 2017 Ubuntu 17 10 Artful Aardvark reaches End of Life on July 19 2018 Mailing list Retrieved 6 July 2018 Ubuntu Wiki Artful Aardvark Release Notes Ubuntu Wiki 19 October 2017 Retrieved 19 October 2017 Linux 4 15 Kernel Is Now The Default in Ubuntu 18 04 LTS Phoronix phoronix com Retrieved 14 March 2018 Cosmic Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 3 August 2018 Ubuntu 18 10 Cosmic Cuttlefish reaches End of Life on July 18 2019 Mailing list Retrieved 10 July 2019 Nestor Marius Ubuntu 18 10 Cosmic Cuttlefish Beta Released with GNOME 3 30 and Linux 4 18 softpedia Retrieved 2 October 2018 Ubuntu 19 04 Disco Dingo reaches End of Life on January 23 2020 Mailing list Retrieved 10 January 2020 Canonical Limited 6 May 2019 Ubuntu 19 10 Eoan Ermine Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Archived from the original on 7 May 2019 Retrieved 7 May 2019 Ubuntu 19 10 Eoan Ermine reaches End of Life on July 17 2020 Mailing list Retrieved 10 July 2020 Ubuntu 20 04 Expected Features Releasing Date amp Patches Fixes TEC ROBUST 16 July 2019 Archived from the original on 2 October 2019 Retrieved 2 October 2019 Conrad AD 16 October 2019 FocalFossa Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 24 October 2019 Prakash Abhishek 17 October 2019 Ubuntu 20 04 Release Date and New Features Updated It s FOSS Retrieved 2 February 2020 Laney 25 April 2020 GroovyGorilla Release Schedule wiki ubuntu com Retrieved 25 April 2020 Ubuntu 20 10 Groovy Gorilla End of Life reached on July 22 2021 Mailing list Retrieved 25 July 2021 Release Ubuntu Wiki wiki ubuntu com 24 October 2020 Retrieved 24 October 2020 Ubuntu 21 04 Hirsute Hippo End of Life reached on January 20 2022 Mailing list Retrieved 25 October 2022 Sneddon Joey 25 January 2021 Ubuntu 21 04 Release Date amp New Features OMG Ubuntu Retrieved 2 April 2021 Ubuntu 21 10 Impish Indri End of Life reached on July 14 2022 Mailing list Retrieved 25 October 2022 Ubuntu 22 10 Kinetic Kudu reaches End of Life on July 20 2023 Mailing list Retrieved 20 July 2023 Canonical releases Ubuntu 22 10 Kinetic Kudu Ubuntu 20 October 2022 Retrieved 20 October 2022 Moffitt Nick 31 May 2007 Old packages from unsupported Ubuntu releases will be removed from archive ubuntu com ubuntu mirrors announce Mailing list Retrieved 1 December 2008 Ubuntu Releases Ubuntu Retrieved 11 August 2008 Old Ubuntu Releases Old releases ubuntu com Retrieved 17 July 2013 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ubuntu releases ubuntu com Ubuntu Releases site Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ubuntu version history amp oldid 1170607587 1510, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.