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Trachycarpeae

October 27, 2023

Trachycarpeae is a tribe of palms in subfamily Coryphoideae of the plant family Arecaceae.[1][2] It has the widest distribution of any tribe in Coryphoideae and is found on all continents (except Antarctica), though the greatest concentration of species is in Southeast Asia.[3] Trachycarpeae includes palms from both tropical and subtropical zones; the northernmost naturally-occurring palm is a member of this tribe (Chamaerops humilis).[4] Several genera can be found in cultivation in temperate areas, for example species of Trachycarpus, Chamaerops, Rhapidophyllum and Washingtonia.[5]

Description edit

Palms in this tribe have palmate leaves with induplicate folds (reduplicate in Guihaia).[3] Plants may be tall, single-stemmed trees (e.g. Copernicia, Brahea, Pritchardia), acaulescent with short, squat trunks (e.g. Maxburretia, Johannesteijsmannia), multi-stemmed (e.g. Rhapis, Acoelorrhaphe) or branched and prostrate (e.g. Serenoa). These palms flower regularly throughout their lives (pleonanthic) and may be dioecious, monoecious or hermaphroditic.[3]

Taxonomy edit

Trachycarpeae is one of eight tribes in the subfamily Coryphoideae.[6] The tribe is monophyletic, but phylogenetic studies have yet to reveal its closest relatives, though they could be the Phoeniceae, or the Sabaleae and Cryosophileae.[3] Initially described as tribe 'Livistoneae', the name Trachycarpeae has priority.[3] In previous classifications, all the members of this tribe were included in tribe Corypheae.[7]

Trachycarpeae is divided into two subtribes: Rhapidinae have flowers with three separate carpels, whereas in subtribe Livistoniinae the flower carpels are free at the base, but the styles are fused together.[3] All genera in Rhapidinae are native to the Old World, except North American Rhapidophyllum. Livistoninae are widely distributed in both the New World and Southeast Asia and Australia. A single species (Livistona carinensis) occurs in Africa. Several genera in this tribe have yet to be allocated to a subtribe, due to a lack of convincing data from phylogenetic studies.[6]

Rhapidinae[3][6]

Livistoninae[3][6]

Unplaced genera[3][6]

The above classification was published prior to the recognition of the genera Saribus and Lanonia; however, both are clearly members of subtribe Livistoniinae. Saribus includes species formerly in Livistona and monotypic Pritchardiopsis,[8] while Lanonia species were previously included in Licuala.[9][10]

Gallery edit

References edit

  1. ^ Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (2): 207–233. doi:10.1111/boj.12401.
  2. ^ Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008). Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008). Genera Palmarum - The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 9781842461822.
  4. ^ "Chamaerops humilis - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  5. ^ "Cold Hardy Palms for Temperate Gardens". Plant Delights Nursery. Retrieved 2018-03-02.
  6. ^ a b c d e Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2005). "A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family, Arecaceae". Kew Bulletin. 60: 559–569 – via ResearchGate.
  7. ^ Uhl, Natalie W.; Dransfield, John (1987). Genera Palmarum: A Classification of Palms Based on the Work of Harold E. Moore, Jr. L.H. Bailey Hortorium. ISBN 9780935868302.
  8. ^ Bacon, Christine D.; Baker, William J. (2011). "Saribus Resurrected". Palms. 55 (3): 109–116 – via ResearchGate.
  9. ^ Henderson, Andrew J.; Bacon, Christine D. (2011). "Lanonia (Arecaceae: Palmae), a New Genus from Asia, with a Revision of the Species". Systematic Botany. 36 (4): 883–895. doi:10.1600/036364411x604903. JSTOR 41416905. S2CID 84318474.
  10. ^ Henderson, Andrew; Dung, Nguyen Quoc (2017-09-29). "New species of Lanonia, Licuala, and Pinanga (Arecaceae) from Vietnam". Phytotaxa. 323 (2): 159. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.323.2.4. ISSN 1179-3163.

October 27, 2023
trachycarpeae, tribe, palms, subfamily, coryphoideae, plant, family, arecaceae, widest, distribution, tribe, coryphoideae, found, continents, except, antarctica, though, greatest, concentration, species, southeast, asia, includes, palms, from, both, tropical, . Trachycarpeae is a tribe of palms in subfamily Coryphoideae of the plant family Arecaceae 1 2 It has the widest distribution of any tribe in Coryphoideae and is found on all continents except Antarctica though the greatest concentration of species is in Southeast Asia 3 Trachycarpeae includes palms from both tropical and subtropical zones the northernmost naturally occurring palm is a member of this tribe Chamaerops humilis 4 Several genera can be found in cultivation in temperate areas for example species of Trachycarpus Chamaerops Rhapidophyllum and Washingtonia 5 TrachycarpeaeJohannesteijsmannia altifronsScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsClade CommelinidsOrder ArecalesFamily ArecaceaeSubfamily CoryphoideaeTribe TrachycarpeaeSatakeType genusTrachycarpusH Wendl GeneraAcoelorrhaphe H Wendl Brahea Mart ex Endl Chamaerops L Colpothrinax Griseb amp H Wendl Copernicia Mart ex Endl Guihaia J Dransf S K Lee amp F N WeiJohannesteijsmannia H E MooreLanonia A J Hend amp C D BaconLicuala WurmbLivistona R Br Maxburretia FurtadoPholidocarpus BlumePritchardia Seem amp H Wendl ex H Wendl Rhapidophyllum H Wendl amp DrudeRhapis L f ex AitonSaribus BlumeSerenoa Benth amp Hook fTrachycarpus H Wendl Washingtonia H Wendl Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Gallery 4 ReferencesDescription editPalms in this tribe have palmate leaves with induplicate folds reduplicate in Guihaia 3 Plants may be tall single stemmed trees e g Copernicia Brahea Pritchardia acaulescent with short squat trunks e g Maxburretia Johannesteijsmannia multi stemmed e g Rhapis Acoelorrhaphe or branched and prostrate e g Serenoa These palms flower regularly throughout their lives pleonanthic and may be dioecious monoecious or hermaphroditic 3 Taxonomy editTrachycarpeae is one of eight tribes in the subfamily Coryphoideae 6 The tribe is monophyletic but phylogenetic studies have yet to reveal its closest relatives though they could be the Phoeniceae or the Sabaleae and Cryosophileae 3 Initially described as tribe Livistoneae the name Trachycarpeae has priority 3 In previous classifications all the members of this tribe were included in tribe Corypheae 7 Trachycarpeae is divided into two subtribes Rhapidinae have flowers with three separate carpels whereas in subtribe Livistoniinae the flower carpels are free at the base but the styles are fused together 3 All genera in Rhapidinae are native to the Old World except North American Rhapidophyllum Livistoninae are widely distributed in both the New World and Southeast Asia and Australia A single species Livistona carinensis occurs in Africa Several genera in this tribe have yet to be allocated to a subtribe due to a lack of convincing data from phylogenetic studies 6 Rhapidinae 3 6 Chamaerops 1 sp C humilis Mediterranean Guihaia 3 spp China Vietnam Trachycarpus 11 spp Himalayas Indochina Rhapidophyllum 1 sp R hystrix Southeast USA Maxburretia 3 spp Malay Peninsula Rhapis 11 spp Indochina Sumatra Livistoninae 3 6 Livistona approx 27 spp Southeast Asia Australia NE Africa Licuala 167 spp Southeast Asia Lanonia 13 spp Indochina Johannesteijsmannia 4 spp Malaysia Indonesia Pholidocarpus 6 spp Malaysia Indonesia Saribus 9 spp Philippines to New Caledonia Unplaced genera 3 6 Acoelorrhaphe 1 sp A wrightii Caribbean Serenoa 1 sp S repens Southeast USA Brahea approx 10 spp Mexico amp Guatemala Colpothrinax 3 spp Central America amp Cuba Copernicia 21 spp Caribbean South America Pritchardia approx 27 spp Pacific Washingtonia 2 spp California Mexico The above classification was published prior to the recognition of the genera Saribus and Lanonia however both are clearly members of subtribe Livistoniinae Saribus includes species formerly in Livistona and monotypic Pritchardiopsis 8 while Lanonia species were previously included in Licuala 9 10 Gallery edit nbsp Acoelorrhaphe wrightii nbsp Brahea armata nbsp Chamaerops humilis nbsp Colpothrinax wrightii nbsp Copernicia macroglossa nbsp Guihaia grossefibrosa nbsp Johannesteijsmannia altifrons nbsp Livistona carinensis nbsp Licuala ramsayi nbsp Pritchardia martii nbsp Rhapidophyllum hystrix nbsp Rhapis humilis nbsp Saribus rotundifolius nbsp Serenoa repens nbsp Trachycarpus fortunei nbsp Washingtonia robustaReferences edit Baker William J Dransfield John 2016 Beyond Genera Palmarum progress and prospects in palm systematics Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 182 2 207 233 doi 10 1111 boj 12401 Dransfield John Uhl Natalie W Asmussen Conny B Baker William J Harley Madeline M Lewis Carl E 2008 Genera Palmarum The Evolution and Classification of Palms Royal Botanic Gardens Kew ISBN 978 1 84246 182 2 a b c d e f g h i Dransfield John Uhl Natalie W Asmussen Conny B Baker William J Harley Madeline M Lewis Carl E 2008 Genera Palmarum The Evolution and Classification of Palms Royal Botanic Gardens Kew ISBN 9781842461822 Chamaerops humilis Plant Finder www missouribotanicalgarden org Retrieved 2018 03 02 Cold Hardy Palms for Temperate Gardens Plant Delights Nursery Retrieved 2018 03 02 a b c d e Dransfield John Uhl Natalie W Asmussen Conny B Baker William J Harley Madeline M Lewis Carl E 2005 A new phylogenetic classification of the palm family Arecaceae Kew Bulletin 60 559 569 via ResearchGate Uhl Natalie W Dransfield John 1987 Genera Palmarum A Classification of Palms Based on the Work of Harold E Moore Jr L H Bailey Hortorium ISBN 9780935868302 Bacon Christine D Baker William J 2011 Saribus Resurrected Palms 55 3 109 116 via ResearchGate Henderson Andrew J Bacon Christine D 2011 Lanonia Arecaceae Palmae a New Genus from Asia with a Revision of the Species Systematic Botany 36 4 883 895 doi 10 1600 036364411x604903 JSTOR 41416905 S2CID 84318474 Henderson Andrew Dung Nguyen Quoc 2017 09 29 New species of Lanonia Licuala and Pinanga Arecaceae from Vietnam Phytotaxa 323 2 159 doi 10 11646 phytotaxa 323 2 4 ISSN 1179 3163 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trachycarpeae amp oldid 1040195029, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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