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San Quentin State Prison

May 05, 2023

"San Quentin" redirects here. For the person, see Saint Quentin. For other uses, see San Quentin (disambiguation).

San Quentin State Prison (SQ) is a California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation state prison for men, located north of San Francisco in the unincorporated[2] place of San Quentin in Marin County.

San Quentin State Prison
LocationSan Quentin, California, U.S.
Coordinates37°56′20″N 122°29′20″W / 37.939°N 122.489°W / 37.939; -122.489Coordinates: 37°56′20″N 122°29′20″W / 37.939°N 122.489°W / 37.939; -122.489
StatusOperational
Security classMinimum–maximum
Capacity3,082
Population3,239 (105%) (as of July 31, 2022[1])
Managed byCalifornia Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation
WardenRon Broomfield

Established in 1852, and opening in 1854[3], San Quentin it the oldest prison in California. The state's only death row for male inmates, the largest in the United States, is located at the prison.[4][5] It has a gas chamber, but since 1996, executions at the prison have been carried out by lethal injection, though the prison has not performed an execution since 2006.[6] The prison has been featured on film, radio drama, video, podcast, and television; is the subject of many books; has hosted concerts; and has housed many notorious inmates.

Facilities

San Quentin State Prison
  •  

    Aerial view of San Quentin, including the housing units, yard, education center, and Prison Industry Authority facilities

  •  

    San Quentin's East Gate, the primary entrance for visitors and volunteers

  •  

    The San Quentin Handicraft Shop, where art created by prisoners is sold. Money from sales goes to the Inmate Welfare Fund and restitution

The correctional complex sits on Point San Quentin, which consists of 432 acres (1.75 square kilometers) on the north side of San Francisco Bay.[7][8][9][10] The prison complex itself occupies 275 acres (1.11 km2), valued in a 2001 study at between $129 million and $664 million.[11]

As of July 31, 2022, San Quentin was incarcerating people at 105% of its design capacity, with 3,239 occupants.[1]

Death row

Men condemned to death in California (with some exceptions) must be held at San Quentin, while condemned women are held at Central California Women's Facility in Chowchilla.[12] As of December 2015, San Quentin held almost 700 male inmates in its Condemned Unit, or "death row."[13] As of 2001, San Quentin's death row was described as "the largest in the Western Hemisphere";[14] as of 2005, it was called "the most populous execution antechamber in the United States."[5] The states of Florida and Texas had fewer death row inmates in 2008 (397 and 451 respectively) than San Quentin.[15]

The death row at San Quentin is divided into three sections: the quiet "North-Segregation" or "North-Seg," built in 1934, for prisoners who "don't cause trouble"; the "East Block," a "crumbling, leaky maze of a place built in 1927"; and the "Adjustment Center" for the "worst of the worst."[5] Most of the prison's death row inmates reside in the East Block. The fourth floor of the North Block was the prison's first death row facility, but additional death row space opened after executions resumed in the U.S. in 1978. The adjustment center received solid doors, preventing "gunning-down" or attacking persons with bodily waste. As of 2016 it housed 81 death row inmates and four non-death row inmates.[16] A dedicated psychiatric facility serves the prisoners. A converted shower bay in the East Block hosts religious services. Many prison programs available for most inmates are unavailable for death row inmates.[13]

Although $395 million was allocated in the 2008–2009 state budget for new death row facilities at San Quentin, in December 2008 two legislators introduced bills to eliminate the funding.[17] The state had planned to build a new death row facility, but Governor Jerry Brown canceled those plans in 2011.[18] In 2015 Brown asked the Legislature for funds for a new death row as the current death row facilities were becoming filled. At the time the non-death row prison population was decreasing, opening room for death row inmates. As of 2015 the San Quentin death row has a capacity of 715 prisoners.[19]

Executions

 
Lethal injection room in San Quentin

All executions in California (male and female) take place at San Quentin.[12] The execution chamber is located in a one-story addition close to the East Block.[16] Women executed in California are transported to San Quentin by bus before being put to death.[20]

The methods for execution at San Quentin have changed over time. Prior to 1893, the counties executed convicts. Between 1893 and 1937, 215 people were executed at San Quentin by hanging, after which 196 prisoners died in the gas chamber.[5] In 1995, the use of gas for execution was ruled "cruel and unusual punishment", which led to executions inside the gas chamber by lethal injection.[5] Between 1996 and 2006, eleven people were executed at San Quentin by lethal injection.[21]

In April 2007, staff of the California Legislative Analyst's Office discovered that a new execution chamber was being built at San Quentin; legislators subsequently "accuse[d] the governor of hiding the project from the Legislature and the public."[22] The old lethal injection facility had included an injection room of 43 square feet (4.0 square meters) and a single viewing area; the facility that was being built included an injection chamber of 230 square feet (21 m2) and three viewing areas for family, victim, and press.[23] Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger stopped construction of the facility the next week.[24] The legislature later approved $180,000 to finish the project, and the facility was completed.[25][26]

In addition to state executions, three federal executions have been carried out at San Quentin.[27] Samuel Richard Shockley and Miran Edgar Thompson had been incarcerated at Alcatraz Island federal penitentiary and were executed on December 3, 1948, for the murder of two prison guards during the Battle of Alcatraz.[28] Carlos Romero Ochoa had murdered a federal immigration officer after he was caught smuggling illegal immigrants across the border near El Centro, California. He was executed at San Quentin's gas chamber on December 10, 1948.[28]

On March 13, 2019, after Governor Gavin Newsom ordered a moratorium on the state's death penalty, the state withdrew its current lethal injection protocol, and San Quentin dismantled and indefinitely closed its gas and lethal injection execution chambers.[29]

Programs

  • Prison to Employment Connection, A Better Way Out - Prison to Employment Connection is offered to inmates at San Quentin State Prison who are close to their release dates or have a scheduled Parole Board Hearing. After successfully completing a rigorous 14-week employment readiness program, inmates are invited to an Employer Day. Potential employers (PEC Partners) come to the prison to interview inmates, review their resumes, and offer guidance and support for potential employment upon release.[30]
  • VVGSQ – Vietnam Veterans Group San Quentin – Although the group had been meeting for some time, the name officially began on April 7, 1987. In 1988 they started the annual Christmas Toy giveaway, giving toys to visiting children. In 1989 they began the annual scholarship fund for high school seniors. They spend their time raising money and since 1987 have given over $80,000 to the community.[31]
  • The Last Mile started in 2011 under Chris Redlitz (entrepreneur and venture capital) initiative. The program aims to give resources and mentorship to inmates to help them find their way into tech startup entrepreneurship and reduce the rate of recidivism.[32]
  • The San Quentin Drama Workshop began at the prison in 1958 after a performance of Waiting for Godot the previous year.[33]
  • The San Quentin SQUIRES ("San Quentin Utilization of Inmate Resources, Experiences, and Studies") program, which began in 1964, is reported to be the "oldest juvenile awareness program in the United States."[34][35] It involves inmates at the prison interacting with troubled youths for the purpose of deterring them from crime, and was the subject of a 1978 documentary film Squires of San Quentin.[35][36] In 1983, a randomized controlled study was published that found that the program produced no overall reduction in delinquency.[35] The program was still functional as of 2008.[37]
  • Since the 1920s, San Quentin inmates have been allowed to play baseball.[38] Starting in 1994 inmates have played against players from outside the prison.[39][40] The games occur twice a week through the summer.[41] Originally the Pirates,[40] the team of prisoners is called the "Giants" in honor of the San Francisco Giants, who donated uniforms to the team.[38][41] A second team called the Athletics was later started, named after the Oakland Athletics.[42] The team of outside players is called the "Willing". The umpires and fans are inmates, but the coaches on the field are volunteers.[38][41] Although some people question the appropriateness of baseball games being held at the prison, officials believe "organized sports is a way to keep inmates occupied and perhaps teach a few lessons on getting along with others."[38] These games were detailed in a Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel episode on June 20, 2006,[39] and in several other documentaries.
  • San Quentin has the only on-site college degree-granting program in California's entire prison system, which began in 1996 and which is currently run by the Mount Tamalpais College.[43][44]
  • No More Tears Program, co-founded by incarcerated men at San Quentin. This program is committed to stopping the violence in the community and changing the mindset. This program stays alive through donations, volunteers, and CDCR who come into the prison and become involved in the workshops with the incarcerated men: Changing the mindset, Response to Violence, Employability, Fixin' da Hood. All inmates and volunteers are working toward achieving the program's mission: stopping the tears of loved ones and family by being committed to stopping the youth from committing acts of violence.[45]
  • The California Reentry Program at San Quentin, begun in 2003, "helps inmates re-enter society after they serve their sentences."[46]
  • The San Quentin News is the only inmate-produced newspaper in California and one of the few in the world.[47][48][49]

History

 
The sprawling San Quentin prison complex.

Though numerous towns and localities in the area are named after Roman Catholic saints, and "San Quintín" is Spanish for "Saint Quentin", the prison was not named after the saint. The land on which it is situated, Point Quentin, is named after a Coast Miwok warrior named Quentín, fighting under Chief Marin, who was taken prisoner at that place.[50][51]

In 1851, California's first prison opened; it was a 268-ton wooden ship named the Waban, anchored in San Francisco Bay and outfitted to hold 30 inmates.[52][53] Some of the Waban's timber remains a part of the new hospital structure inside the prison. After a series of speculative land transactions and a legislative scandal,[54] inmates who were housed on the Waban constructed San Quentin which opened its first cell block, nicknamed "the Stones," in 1854. Before being retired altogether, this initial unit would come to be used as a dungeon after newer additions were constructed atop it. The Stones, however, survive to this day and is thought to be California's oldest surviving public work.[55]

In 1928, a woman, Dorothy Mackaye, #440960, served less than ten months of a one- to three-year sentence.[56][57][58][59]

One example of a noteworthy leader at San Quentin was Warden Clinton Duffy from 1940 to 1952. Warden Duffy was a man of contradictions. His public persona was quite positive because of his fresh insights informing the reorganization of the prison structure and reformation of prison management. Prior to Duffy, San Quentin had gone through years of violence, inhumane punishments and civil rights abuses against prisoners. The previous warden was forced to resign.[60] Duffy had the offending prison guards fired and added a librarian, psychiatrists, and several surgeons at San Quentin. Duffy's press agent publicized sweeping reforms; however, San Quentin remained a brutal prison where prisoners continued to be beaten to death.[61] The use of torture as an approved method of interrogation at San Quentin was banned in 1944.[62]

In 1941, the first prison meeting of Alcoholics Anonymous took place at San Quentin; in commemoration of this, the 25-millionth copy of the AA Big Book was presented to Jill Brown, of San Quentin, at the International Convention of Alcoholics Anonymous in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.[63]

In 1947, Warden Duffy recruited Herman Spector to work as assistant warden at San Quentin. Spector turned down the invitation to be assistant warden and chose instead to become senior librarian if he could institute his theories on reading as a program to encourage pro-social behavior. By 1955, Spector was being interviewed in library journals and suggesting the prison library could contribute significantly to rehabilitation.[64]

The dining hall of the prison is adorned by six 20 ft (6.1 m) sepia-toned murals depicting California history. They were painted by Alfredo Santos, one-time convicted heroin dealer and successful artist, during his 1953–1955 incarceration.[65][66] The murals were painted with a thinned, raw sienna oil paint directly to plaster as he was denied use of other colors to paint with.[67]

Lawrence Singleton, who raped a teenaged girl and cut off her forearms, spent a year on parole in a trailer on the grounds of San Quentin between 1987 and 1988 because towns in California would not accept him as a parolee.[68] Between 1992 and 1997, a "boot camp" was held at the prison that was intended to "rehabilitat[e] first-time, nonviolent offenders"; the program was discontinued because it did not reduce recidivism or save money.[69]

A 2005 court-ordered report found that the prison was "old, antiquated, dirty, poorly staffed, poorly maintained with inadequate medical space and equipment and overcrowded."[70] Later that year, the warden was fired for "threaten[ing] disciplinary action against a doctor who spoke with attorneys about problems with health care delivery at the prison."[71] By 2007, a new trauma center had opened at the prison and a new $175 million medical complex was planned.[72]

In 2020, the prison became the center of a COVID-19 outbreak, after a group of prisoners were transferred to San Quentin from the California Institution for Men in Chino, California. Initial reports suggested that San Quentin officials were told that the new inmates had all tested negative; however, few had been tested at all. By June 22, at least 350 inmates and staff had tested positive, in what a federal judge called a "significant failure" of policy.[73]

Notable inmates

Current

 
San Quentin up close.
 
San Quentin prisoners on recreation
  • Isauro Aguirre (born 1980): tortured and killed girlfriend's 8-year-old son Gabriel Fernandez along with his girlfriend Pearl Fernandez. Aguirre was sentenced to death and Fernandez to life in prison in 2018. The case was the subject of the Netflix series The Trials of Gabriel Fernandez.[74]
  • Alejandro Avila (born 1971): the rapist and murderer of 5-year-old Samantha Runnion. Sentenced to death in 2005.[75]
  • Richard Delmer Boyer (born 1958): convicted for stabbing an elderly couple to death while high on alcohol and drugs. Claimed to have been partly influenced by a scene in Halloween II. Sentenced to death in 1984.[76]
  • Luis Bracamontes (born 1970): illegal immigrant who shot and killed two Sacramento police officers and injured a civilian and a third officer. Sentenced to death in 2018.[77]
  • Vincent Brothers (born 1962): convicted in the shooting and stabbing of five members of his family, including three children. Sentenced to death in 2007.[75]
  • Albert Greenwood Brown (born 1954): convicted rapist and child molester who raped and murdered a teen girl in 1980. Sentenced to death in 1982.[78]
  • Brandon Browner (born 1984): former NFL player found guilty of attempted murder, currently serving eight-year sentence.
  • David Carpenter (born 1930): the "Trailside Killer."[5] Sentenced to death in 1984 and 1988.[75] Carpenter is the oldest inmate currently.
  • Dean Carter (born 1955): serial killer convicted of murdering four women. Sentenced to death in 1985.[79]
  • Steven David Catlin (born 1944): serial killer who poisoned two wives and his mother. Sentenced to death in 1990.[80]
  • Doug Clark (born 1948): serial killer and necrophile who killed six women with a female accomplice. Sentenced to death in 1983.[81]
  • Kevin Cooper (born 1958): convicted for the hatchet and knife massacre of the Ryen family. Sentenced to death in 1985.[75]
  • Tiequon Cox (born 1965): sentenced to death in 1986 for the 1984 murders of four relatives of the former defensive back NFL player Kermit Alexander.[82] He was involved in an escape attempt in 2000.[83]
  • Jonathan Daniel D'Arcy (born 1962): a janitor from Buena Park, was convicted of first-degree murder in the February 2, 1993 burning death of Karen Marie Laborde, a 42-year-old mother of two who identified D'Arcy as her assailant before she died. D'Arcy was sentenced to death in Orange County on April 11, 1997.[84]
  • Joseph Danks (born 1962): "Koreatown Slasher" who murdered six homeless men in Los Angeles in 1987. Sentenced to death in 1993 for strangling his cellmate in California Correctional Institution in Tehachapi.[85]
  • Bruce Davis (born 1942): member of the Manson family convicted of the murder of Donald "Shorty" Shea and sentenced to life in 1974.
  • Richard Allen Davis (born 1954): convicted of kidnapping and murdering Polly Klaas.[5] Sentenced to death in 1996.[75]
  • Skylar Deleon (born 1979): former child actor and triple murderer responsible for the deaths of Thomas and Jackie Hawks. Sentenced to death in 2009. One of her accomplices, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, was also sentenced to death in 2009.[86]
  • Sonny Enraca (born 1972): gang member who shot and killed Boyz n the Hood actor Dedrick D. Gobert during an altercation. Sentenced to death in 1996.
  • Pedro Espinoza (born 1989): 18th Street gang member who murdered Jamiel Shaw II. Sentenced to death in 2013.[87]
  • John Famalaro (born 1957): sentenced to death on September 6, 1997, for the kidnap, rape, and murder of 23-year-old Denise Anette Huber, from Newport Beach, California, in 1991. Famalaro abducted and murdered Denise on June 3, 1991.[88] He was caught in July 1994 when police found her body in an icebox where he had kept her for three years.[89]
  • Richard Farley (born 1948): perpetrator of the Sunnyvale ESL shooting. Sentenced to death in 1992.[75]
  • Wayne Adam Ford (born 1961): convicted of killing four women in 1997 and 1998. Sentenced to death in 2006.[75]
  • Rickie Lee Fowler (born 1984): convicted of setting the Old Fire that caused the deaths of five people. Sentenced to death in 2012.[90]
  • Michael Gargiulo (born 1976): serial killer who killed at least three women. Sentenced to death in 2021.[91]
  • Jose Guerrero (born 1973): serial killer who killed at least three women from 1995 to 1998. Sentenced to death in 2009.[92]
  • Larry Hazlett (born 1948): convicted of the 1978 rape and murder of 20-year-old Rosamond beauty queen Tana Woolley. Sentenced to death in 2004.
  • Glenn Helzer (born 1970): founder of the Children of Thunder cult, alongside his brother Justin Helzer and his girlfriend Dawn Godman, who murdered five people in 2000. Sentenced to death in 2005. Justin hanged himself in 2013.[75][93]
  • Ivan Hill (born 1961): serial killer who killed at least nine women from 1979 to 1994. Sentenced to death in 2007.[94]
  • Eric Houston (born 1972): perpetrator of the Lindhurst school shooting spree that left three students and a teacher dead. Sentenced to death in 1993. The subject of the made-for-television movie Detention: The Siege at Johnson High.
  • Ryan Hoyt (born 1979): associate of Jesse James Hollywood, convicted of the murder of Nicholas Markowitz. Sentenced to death in 2003.[75]
  • Michael Hughes (born 1956): serial killer who killed at least seven women from 1986 to 1993. Sentenced to death in 1998.[95]
  • Emrys John, Tyrone Miller, and Kesaun Sykes: former marines convicted of torturing and murdering Jan Pawel and Quiana Jenkins Pietrzak in 2008. All three were sentenced to death while a fourth accomplice, Kevin Cox, was sentenced to life in prison.[96]
  • Randy Kraft (born 1945): serial killer who was convicted of 16 murders and suspected of 51 others. Sentenced to death in 1989.[75]
  • Gunner Lindberg (born 1975): stabbed a Vietnamese man to death in a racially motivated attack. Sentenced to death in 1996.[97]
  • Franklin Lynch (born 1955): convicted serial killer and robber who is suspected in the murders of 13 elderly women in the East Bay during the summer of 1987. He was only charged for 3 murders and was sentenced to death in 1992.
  • Jarvis Jay Masters (born 1962): convicted and sentenced to death for participating in the murder of Corrections Officer Hal Burchfield. Sentenced to death in 1990.[75]
  • Timothy Joseph McGhee (born 1973): Toonerville Rifa 13 member believed to have shot at least 12 people between 1997 and 2001 and attempted to kill two LAPD officers in an ambush. Sentenced to death in 2009.[98]
  • Charles "Chase" Merritt (born 1957): murdered the McStay family for financial gain. Sentenced to death in 2020.[99]
  • Andrew Mickel (born 1979): shot a police officer to death at a gas station. Sentenced to death in 2006.[100]
  • Michael Morales (born 1959): convicted for the brutal murder of Terri Winchell. Sentenced to death in 1983.[75]
  • Joseph Naso (born 1934): serial killer who raped and murdered at least six women. Sentenced to death in 2013.[101]
  • Charles Ng (born 1960): serial killer who tortured and murdered 11 people with Leonard Lake (died by Suicide by Cyanide after arrest in 1985). Finally, Ng is extradited from Canadá to United States, sentenced to death in February 1999.[75]
  • Raymond Lee Oyler (born 1971): convicted of setting the Esperanza Fire that claimed the lives of five firemen. Sentenced to death in 2009.[102]
  • Gerald Parker (born 1955): serial killer and rapist who killed at least six women and an unborn baby. Sentenced to death in 1999.[103]
  • Scott Peterson (born 1972): convicted of murdering his pregnant wife, Laci and their unborn child, Conner, in a much-publicized trial. Sentenced to death in 2005, resentenced to life without parole in 2021.[75][104]
  • Cleophus Prince Jr. (born 1967): serial killer who raped and murdered six women in San Diego in 1990. Sentenced to death in 1993.[105]
  • David Allen Raley (born 1961): security guard who kidnapped and tortured two teenage girls, killing one of them. Sentenced to death in 1988.[106]
  • Ramon Salcido (born 1961): convicted in 1989 of seven murders, including six relatives and his boss. Sentenced to death in 1990.[107]
  • Vincent Sanchez (born 1973): the "Simi Valley Rapist". Serial rapist convicted of 75 counts including a first degree murder charge, felony kidnapping, burglary, rape, and other sex offense charges against numerous victims. Sentenced to death in 2003.[108]
  • Wesley Shermantine (born 1966): one half of the Speed Freak Killers serial killer duo, believed to have killed as many as 70 people. Sentenced to death in 2001. His accomplice, Loren Herzog, committed suicide in 2012.[109]
  • Mitchell Sims (born 1960): convicted May 20, 1987, of the hotel-room murder of Domino's Pizza deliveryman John Harrington in Glendale; also sentenced to death in South Carolina for the murders of two Domino's employees in that state. Sentenced to death in 1987.[75]
  • Morris Solomon, Jr. (born 1944): serial killer convicted of murdering six women in Sacramento. Sentenced to death in 1992.[75]
  • Cary Stayner (born 1961): serial killer convicted of killing four women in Yosemite. Sentenced to death in 2002.[75]
  • William Suff (born 1950): serial killer convicted of murdering 12 women in Riverside County. Sentenced to death in 1995.[75]
  • Anthony Sully (born 1944): serial killer and former police officer convicted of murdering six people in Burlingame in 1983. Sentenced to death in 1986.[110]
  • Regis Deon Thomas (born 1970): convicted of the murders of three people including two Compton Police officers. Sentenced to death in 1995.[75]
  • Chester Turner (born 1966): serial killer convicted of murdering 14 women in Los Angeles between 1987 and 1998. Sentenced to death in 2007.[75]
  • Billy Ray Waldon (born 1952): murderer and rapist who killed three people. Sentenced to death in 1987.
  • Darnell Keith Washington (born 1988): convicted of killing a woman during a home invasion. Sentenced to death in 2016.[75]
  • Ward Weaver Jr. (born 1947): father of convicted murderer Ward Weaver III, who shot and killed two teenagers. Sentenced to death in 1985.
  • Marcus Wesson (born 1946): convicted of killing nine of his family members. Sentenced to death in 2005.[75]
  • David Westerfield (born 1952): convicted of kidnapping and killing seven-year-old Danielle van Dam. Sentenced to death in 2003.[75]
  • Daniel Wozniak (born 1984): convicted of murdering and dismembering Samuel Herr and then murdering Julie Kibuishi in a plot to steal money to fund his wedding. Sentenced to death in 2016.[75]
  • Jon Dunkle (born 1960): convicted of murdering three young boys in Belmont. Sentenced to death in 1990.[111]

Former

  • Rodney Alcala: serial killer sentenced to death. He was later transferred to Corcoran State Prison where he died.
  • William Dale Archerd: murdered three family members by injecting them with insulin. Sentenced to death but commuted to life in prison. Died from pneumonia in California Medical Facility in 1977.
  • Bobby Beausoleil: a former associate of the Charles Manson "Family" currently serving a life sentence in prison.[112]
  • Charles Bolles: alias Black Bart, an American Old West outlaw.[62]
  • William Bradford: murdered a barmaid and a 15-year-old girl and may have killed as many as 20 women. Died from natural causes in California Medical Facility in 2008.
  • Edward Bunker: FBI most wanted fugitive who reformed and became an author (he wrote a novel set in San Quentin[113]) and actor. Was sentenced at age 17, the youngest inmate at the time.
  • Rodolfo Cadena: influential member of the Mexican Mafia. Murdered by members of the Nuestra Familia in California Institution for Men in 1972.
  • Curtis Carroll (born 1968): Financial adviser whose insights into investing and trading stock have earned the nickname "Wall Street". Carroll is serving a sentence of 54 years to life, for murder. Incarcerated in Pelican Bay State Prison.[114]
  • Eldridge Cleaver: member of the Black Panther Party, was an inmate between 1958 and 1963.[115]
  • Joseph Cosey: conman and criminal forger.
  • Louis Craine: serial killer who killed at least 4 women. Died from AIDS complications in hospital in 1989.[116]
  • Scott Dyleski: murdered attorney Daniel Horowitz's wife when he was 17 years old. Was held in San Quentin for several months before being transferred.
  • John Linley Frazier: mass murderer and religious fanatic. Sentenced to death in 1971 but commuted to life in prison. Committed suicide by hanging in Mule Creek State Prison in 2009.
  • Gerald Gallego: serial killer and rapist who kidnapped young girls to keep as sex slaves before killing them with his wife as an accomplice. Was initially sentenced to death in San Quentin but was transferred to Nevada State Prison in 1984 to be executed for murders committed in that state. Died from cancer in Nevada Prison in 2002.
  • Alex García: boxer and former gang member who stabbed a rival to death.
  • Willie Earl Green: wrongfully convicted of murder and exonerated.
  • Griffith J. Griffith: industrialist who shot his wife through the eye.
  • Steve "Clem" Grogan: a former associate of the Charles Manson "Family". Released in 1985.
  • Merle Haggard: singer who spent time in San Quentin from 1958 to 1960.
  • Billy Ray Hamilton: hitman who murdered three witnesses for Clarence Ray Allen in 1980. Died of natural causes in hospital in 2007.
  • Charles Ray Hatcher: serial killer who murdered two young boys in the Bay Area. Released in 1977.
  • Robert Hohenberger: suspected serial killer who served three years for kidnapping two girls in 1971.
  • Michael Wayne Hunter: former death row prisoner and writer who murdered his father and stepmother. Death sentence commuted to life in prison and currently incarcerated in Pleasant Valley State Prison.
  • Jang In-hwan: Korean independence activist who assassinated former American diplomat Durham Stevens in 1908.[117]
  • Tomoya Kawakita: Japanese-American dual citizen convicted of treason for aiding Japan during World War II. Tomoya Kawakita appealed his conviction to the United States Supreme Court in Kawakita v. United States. Originally held in San Quentin for his upcoming execution before his death sentence was commuted to life in prison.
  • Roger Kibbe: serial killer who admitted to seven murders in Northern California. Killed at Mule Creek State Prison in 2021.
  • Chol Soo Lee: wrongly convicted of murdering a gang boss and sentenced to life in prison. Was sentenced to death for killing an inmate during a fight but was released in 1983 with help from the Free Chol Soo Lee Defense Committee.[118]
  • Bruce Lisker: wrongly convicted in the 1983 murder of his mother, Dorka, when he was 17. Exonerated and released from prison in 2009, at age 44.[119]
  • Kelvin Malone: convicted spree killer who murdered several people in California and Missouri. He was sentenced to death in both states and was extradited to Missouri in 1999 where he was executed.[120][121]
  • Charles Manson: leader of the Manson family. Transferred to multiple prisons during his life. Died from cancer in hospital on November 19, 2017.[122]
  • S. S. Millard: controversial filmmaker.
  • Barry Mills: leader of the Aryan Brotherhood, incarcerated during the 1970s for armed robbery. Died in ADX Florence in 2018.[123]
  • Jim Mitchell, prominent in the strip club and pornography businesses in San Francisco, spent 1994–1997 in San Quentin for murdering his brother Artie.[124]
  • Thomas Mooney: political activist and labor leader who was wrongly accused of the San Francisco Preparedness Day Bombing of 1916. Originally sentenced to death and then life in prison before being pardoned in 1939.
  • Frank Morgan: saxophonist and heroin addict who formed an ensemble with Art Pepper.
  • Joe "Pegleg" Morgan: influential and first white member of the Mexican Mafia. Died from cancer in Corcoran State Prison in 1993.
  • Ed Morrell, accomplice to the Evans-Sontag rail robbery gang; spent five years in solitary confinement;[125] known as the "Dungeon Man" of San Quentin;[126] pardoned in 1908 and became a well-known advocate of prison reform.
  • Wallace Fard Muhammad: founder of the Nation of Islam.
  • Earle Nelson: serial killer and necrophile who raped and murdered at least 21 women and an infant boy in the 1920s. Spent time in San Quentin for breaking and entering as a teenager.
  • Michael "Irish" O'Farrell: Hells Angels leader
  • Art Pepper: saxophonist and heroin addict who formed an ensemble with Frank Morgan.
  • Gregory Powell: kidnapped two policemen and shot one of them dead in the Onion Field Murder. Sentenced to death but commuted to life in prison. Died from cancer in California Medical Facility in 2012.
  • Alfredo Prieto: serial killer and gang member who raped and shot five people in Southern California in 1990. Was transferred to Virginia and executed there for a double murder in 2015.[127]
  • Richard Ramirez: serial killer known as "The Night Stalker,"[5] convicted of killing 13 people. Sentenced to death in 1989.[128] Died of lymphoma in hospital in 2013.
  • Hans Reiser: developer of the ReiserFS file system and convicted for the murder of his wife, sentenced to 15 years to life in 2008.[129] He is currently at Mule Creek State Prison.[130]
  • Joe Remiro (born 1947): member of the Symbionese Liberation Army who murdered educator Marcus Foster in 1973. Incarcerated in Pelican Bay State Prison.[131]
  • Abe Ruef: San Francisco political boss, for bribery.
  • San Quentin Six: six inmates who participated in a riot during an escape attempt in 1971 that resulted in the deaths of six people. Fleeta Drumgo was shot dead after he was released in 1979 and Hugo Pinell was stabbed to death during a riot in 2015 after spending 45 years in solitary confinement.[132][133]
  • Sanyika Shakur: Member of the Crips and author. Spent 36 months in San Quentin.
  • Glen Sherley: musician who spent time in San Quentin in the 1960s.
  • Thomas Silverstein: leader of the Aryan Brotherhood, incarcerated during the 1970s for armed robbery. Died in ADX Florence in 2019.[134]
  • Lawrence Singleton: raped and cut the forearms off a teenage girl before leaving her for dead. Was controversially released after serving eight years and was forced to live on the grounds of San Quentin in a trailer while on parole. Murdered a woman in Florida and died in North Florida Reception Center in 2001.[135]
  • Sirhan Sirhan: assassin of Robert F. Kennedy, sent to death row at San Quentin in May 1969.[136] After the California Supreme Court struck down the death penalty as cruel and unusual punishment, Sirhan was transferred to Correctional Training Facility.[137] He is currently at Donovan State Prison.
  • Danny Trejo: actor—inmate between 1965 and 1968.
  • John Pence Wagner: prison evangelist-inmate between 1966 and 1972. writer of the poem featured on the rear cover of the 1971 album "Guilty!" by Jimmy Witherspoon and Eric Burdon. Died from cancer in 1999.
  • Tex Watson: a former associate of the Charles Manson "Family" currently serving a life sentence in prison.
  • Anthony Wimberly: serial killer arrested for grand theft auto. Currently incarcerated in Mule Creek State Prison.
  • Earlonne Woods: convicted of attempted armed robbery. Most known for his work in co-creating and co-hosting the award-winning podcast, Ear Hustle along with Nigel Poor. His sentence was commuted by Governor Jerry Brown on November 30, 2018.[138]

Deaths in prison

  • Leung Ying: mass murder who killed 11 people on a farm with a rifle and hatchet. Sentenced to death and committed suicide in his cell two weeks before his execution.[139]
  • George Jackson: co-founder of the Black Guerrilla Family and one of the Soledad Brothers. Shot to death during an escape attempt on August 21, 1971.[140]
  • Mack Ray Edwards: child sex abuser/serial killer who buried bodies under freeways on which he worked. Committed suicide by hanging in prison cell on October 30, 1971.
  • Richard Chase: "vampire killer," in 1979 sentenced to death in gas chamber for murdering six people. Committed suicide by drug overdose on December 26, 1980.[141]
  • James Mitose: martial artist convicted of murder. Died from diabetes complications on March 26, 1981.[142]
  • Robert Biehler: serial killer responsible for four murders in Los Angeles. Died from cancer on January 10, 1993.
  • Robert Wayne Danielson: serial killer who was sentenced to death for two murders that occurred in Mendocino County. Committed suicide by hanging on September 7, 1995.[143]
  • Stuart Alexander: convicted in the 2000 shooting deaths of three USDA meat officials he claimed were harassing him. Sentenced to death in 2004. Died from a pulmonary embolism on December 27, 2005.[144]
  • Brandon Wilson: convicted in the 1998 slashing death of nine-year-old Matthew Cecchi. Sentenced to death in 1999.[75] Committed suicide on November 17, 2011.[145][146]
  • J. C. X. Simon: member of a group of Black Muslims who committed racially motivated murders in San Francisco in the 1970s known as the Zebra murders. Found dead in his cell on March 12, 2015.[147]
  • Andrew Urdiales, serial killer who killed eight women. Committed suicide on November 2, 2018.[148]
  • Anthony McKnight: serial killer, rapist, and kidnapper sentenced to death for the murders of five women in 1985. Found dead in his cell on October 17, 2019.[149]
  • Lawrence Bittaker: serial killer convicted of torturing and murdering five teenage girls. Found dead in his cell on December 13, 2019[75]
  • Phillip Carl Jablonski: convicted of killing five women. Found dead in his cell on December 27, 2019.[75]
  • Lonnie David Franklin, Jr.: convicted of ten murders and one attempted murder in Los Angeles, California. The attacker was dubbed the "Grim Sleeper" because he appeared to have taken a 14-year break from his crimes from 1988 to 2002. Found dead in his cell on March 28, 2020.[150][151]

COVID-19 related deaths

In 2020, 12 death row inmates at San Quentin died in the span of less than two months after a COVID-19 outbreak. All of the inmates were hospitalized before their deaths.[152]

  • Richard Eugene Stitely, 71, died on June 24, 2020.[153]
  • Joseph S. Cordova, 75, died on July 1, 2020.[154]
  • Scott Erskine, 57, and Manuel Machado Alvarez, 59, both died on July 3, 2020.[155][75]
  • Dewayne Michael Carey, 59, died on July 4, 2020.[156]
  • David John Reed, 60, died on July 7, 2020.[157]
  • Jeffrey Jay Hawkins, 64, died on July 15, 2020.[158]
  • Troy Adam Ashmus, 58, died on July 20, 2020.[159]
  • John Michael Beames, 67, died on July 21, 2020.[160]
  • Johnny Avila Jr., 62, died on July 26, 2020.[161]
  • Orlando Gene Romero, 48, died on August 2, 2020.[162]
  • Pedro Arias, 58, died on August 9, 2020.[163]

Executed

 
The San Quentin gas chamber originally employed lethal hydrogen cyanide gas for the purpose of carrying out capital punishment. It was later converted to a lethal injection execution chamber but was restored to its original purpose when a new lethal injection chamber was built.
  • Theodore Durrant: convicted of murdering two women in San Francisco. Executed by hanging on January 7, 1898.[164]
  • Willie Louis: son of Ah Louis, convicted of the murder of Gon Ying Louis. Executed by hanging on December 16, 1912.[165]
  • Louis Fortine: convicted of murdering his employer, Peter M. Furrer, and Furrer’s wife and infant. Executed by hanging on July 21, 1916.[166]
  • Mose Gibson: convicted of murdering a man but confessed to seven total murders before his death. Executed by hanging on September 24, 1920.[167]
  • William Edward Hickman: convicted of kidnapping, mutilating, and murdering 12-year-old Marion Parker, died by hanging on October 19, 1928.[168]
  • Gordon Stewart Northcott: convicted of killing three boys in the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders, executed by hanging on October 2, 1930.[169]
  • Ed Davis: bank robber who killed a warden during an escape attempt from Folsom State Prison. Executed by gas chamber on December 16, 1938.
  • William Johansen: serial killer who murdered three women, including his wife, in New York and California between 1933 and 1940; executed by gas chamber on September 5, 1941.[170]
  • Juanita Spinelli: first woman executed in San Quentin's gas chamber on November 22, 1941.[171]
  • Raymond "Rattlesnake James" Lisenba: convicted of killing his wife, he was the last man to be executed by hanging in California on May 1, 1942.[172]
  • Sam Shockley and Miran Edgar Thompson: convicted of killing a guard in the 1946 Battle of Alcatraz escape attempt, executed together in the gas chamber on December 3, 1948.[173]
  • Louise Peete: convicted murderer, executed in the gas chamber on April 11, 1947.[174]
  • Billy Cook: murderer of Carl Mosser, his wife Thelma, their three small children and motorist Robert Dewey. He died in the gas chamber on December 12, 1952.[175]
  • Lloyd Gomez: convicted serial killer who murdered nine homeless men, executed in the gas chamber on October 16, 1953.[176]
  • Barbara Graham: convicted murderer, executed in the gas chamber on June 3, 1955.[177]
  • Burton Abbott: convicted of the rape and murder of a teenage girl; executed in the gas chamber on March 15, 1957.[178]
  • Vender Duncan: convicted of raping and murdering two elderly women, executed in the gas chamber on May 29, 1959.[179]
  • Harvey Glatman: convicted of raping and strangling two women, he died in the gas chamber on September 18, 1959.[180]
  • Caryl Chessman: convicted rapist, was given the death penalty in 1948 and executed on May 2, 1960.[181] The last man executed in California for a sexual offense that did not also involve murder.
  • Henry Busch: convicted serial killer who murdered three women and planned to murder a fourth. Executed by gas chamber on June 6, 1962.[182]
  • Elizabeth Ann Duncan: convicted of hiring two men to kill her daughter-in-law, executed by gas chamber on August 8, 1962. Fourth and last woman to be executed in San Quentin.[183]
  • Aaron Mitchell: convicted of shooting a Sacramento police officer, executed by gas chamber on April 12, 1967.[184]
  • Robert Alton Harris: convicted of murdering two boys after serving time for manslaughter, died in the gas chamber on April 21, 1992.[185]
  • David Mason: convicted serial killer, he was the last man to be executed in the gas chamber on August 24, 1993.[186]
  • William Bonin: convicted serial killer, the "Freeway Killer" (one of three men to have the same nickname) became the first person in California history to be executed by lethal injection on February 23, 1996.[187]
  • Keith Daniel Williams: convicted triple murderer, executed by lethal injection on May 3, 1996.[188]
  • Thomas Martin Thompson: convicted of the 1981 killing of Ginger Fleischli, executed by lethal injection on July 14, 1998.[189]
  • Jaturun Siripongs: convicted of two 1981 murders, executed by lethal injection on February 9, 1999.[190]
  • Manny Babbitt: convicted murderer who died by lethal injection on May 4, 1999.[191]
  • Darrell Keith Rich: convicted serial killer, executed by lethal injection on March 15, 2000.[192]
  • Robert Lee Massie: convicted murderer, executed by lethal injection on March 27, 2001.[193]
  • Stephen Wayne Anderson: contract killer and serial killer, executed by lethal injection on January 29, 2002.[194]
  • Donald Beardslee: convicted serial killer, executed by lethal injection on January 19, 2005.[195]
  • Stanley "Tookie" Williams: convicted spree killer, co-founder and early leader of the Crips street gang. Author (several children's books about his experience at San Quentin[196]) and cause célèbre. Executed by lethal injection on December 13, 2005.[197]
  • Clarence Ray Allen: convicted for ordering the killing of three people. At age 76, he was the oldest person ever executed in California (by lethal injection on January 17, 2006) and the last in the entire state of California.[198]

Administration

  • Leo Stanley (1886 – 1976), American surgeon who served as the Chief Surgeon from 1913 to 1951.[199]

In media

Television

Performances and music videos

  • Country music singer Johnny Cash performed at San Quentin at least twice in his career. The first was in 1958, which included among its audience members a young and incarcerated Merle Haggard; Haggard was inspired to pursue music after being released in part because of that concert.[201] Eleven years later, on February 24, 1969, Cash played another live concert for the prison inmates. The 1969 concert was released as an album At San Quentin and as a television documentary Johnny Cash in San Quentin (filmed by Granada Television). "A Boy Named Sue," taken from the concert, was Cash's only Billboard Hot 100 top ten hit, peaking at number two, and winning the 1970 Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance. During the concert, the song "San Quentin," about an inmate's loathing for the prison, received such an enthusiastic response that Cash immediately played an encore.[202]
  • In 1990, B. B. King recorded Live at San Quentin in the prison; it won a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album in 1991.[203]
  • On November 19, 1957, San Francisco Actors Workshop put on a performance of Waiting for Godot, despite concerns the audience of 1,400 prisoners would not understand the play, it received a standing ovation and would inspire inmates to perform the play[204]
  • In 2003, heavy metal band Metallica filmed the music video for their song "St. Anger" from the album of the same name in San Quentin, which featured many of the prison inmates and security staff, and also included then-new bassist Robert Trujillo for the first time since being inducted into the band. Parts of the filming of the "St. Anger" video and behind the scenes were included in the group's Some Kind of Monster film in 2004.
  • On September 7, 2022, the hard rock band “Nickelback” released a song named “San Quentin”.

Film

Fiction, literature and publications

Gang-pulp author Margie Harris wrote a story on San Quentin for the short-lived pulp magazine Prison Stories. The story, titled "Big House Boomerang," appeared in the March 1931 issue. It used San Quentin's brutal jute mill as its setting. Harris' knowledge of the prison came from her days as a newspaper reporter in the Bay Area, and her acquaintance with famous San Quentin prisoner Ed Morrell.[213]

The 1915 novel The Star Rover by Jack London was based in San Quentin. A framing story is told in the first person by Darrell Standing, a university professor serving life imprisonment in San Quentin State Prison for murder. Prison officials try to break his spirit by means of a torture device called "the jacket," a canvas jacket which can be tightly laced so as to compress the whole body, inducing angina. Standing discovers how to withstand the torture by entering a kind of trance state, in which he walks among the stars and experiences portions of past lives.

Podcasts

  • Ear Hustle is a podcast created by Earlonne Woods with the help of Nigel Poor. Interviews inmates at San Quentin about life on the inside.[214]

See also

References

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Further reading

  • Ashcroft, Lionel "San Quentin Prison, Its Early History and Origins" in Marin County Historical Society Magazine, Vol XVII Spring 1993
  • Bonner, John C. Hang tough: San Quentin. Minneapolis: Bethany Fellowship, 1968.
  • Bookspan, Shelley. A Germ of Goodness: The California State Prison System 1851–1944. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln 1991
  • Braly, Malcolm. False starts: a memoir of San Quentin and other prisons. Boston: Little, Brown, 1976. ISBN 0-316-10614-3.
  • Burke, Dennis. Doing time: finding hope at San Quentin. New York: Paulist Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-8091-4527-0.
  • Davidson, R. Theodore. Chicano prisoners; the key to San Quentin. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1974. ISBN 0-03-091616-X.
  • Duffy, Clinton T., and Dean Southern Jennings. The San Quentin story. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1950.
  • Lamott, Kenneth Church. Chronicles of San Quentin; the biography of a prison. New York: D. McKay Co., 1961.
  • Leibert, Julius A., and Emily Kingsbery. Behind bars; what a chaplain saw in Alcatraz, Folsom, and San Quentin. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965.
  • Leshne, Carla. "San Quentin Prison: The Origins of the California Corrections System" FoundSF
  • Liberatore, Paul. The road to hell: the true story of George Jackson, Stephen Bingham, and the San Quentin Massacre. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1996. ISBN 0-87113-647-3.
  • Nichols, Nancy Ann, James Delahunty, and Alan Hammond Nichols. San Quentin inside the walls. San Quentin, CA: San Quentin Museum Press, 1991. ISBN 0-9630115-2-9.
  • Owen, Barbara A. The reproduction of social control: a study of prison workers at San Quentin. New York: Praeger, 1988. ISBN 0-275-92818-7.
  • Tannenbaum, Judith. Disguised as a poem: my years teaching poetry at San Quentin. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2000. ISBN 1-55553-453-8.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Quentin State Prison.
  • California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. News Accessed 6 January 2008.
  • California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Official website
  • Canadian Coalition Against the Death Penalty. Life on death row at San Quentin Prison.
  • Clark, Richard. Accessed 6 January 2008.
  • Online Archive of California. Views of San Quentin Prison and Events, ca. 1925–1935.
  • San Quentin News California's only inmate-produced newspaper.
  • San Quentin State Prison Official webpage
  • San Quentin T.R.U.S.T., to "motivate, educate, prepare and assist men in prison"
  • Urban Strategies Council.
  • San Quentin News

May 05, 2023
quentin, state, prison, quentin, redirects, here, person, saint, quentin, other, uses, quentin, disambiguation, california, department, corrections, rehabilitation, state, prison, located, north, francisco, unincorporated, place, quentin, marin, county, show, . San Quentin redirects here For the person see Saint Quentin For other uses see San Quentin disambiguation San Quentin State Prison SQ is a California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation state prison for men located north of San Francisco in the unincorporated 2 place of San Quentin in Marin County San Quentin State PrisonShow map of CaliforniaShow map of the United StatesLocationSan Quentin California U S Coordinates37 56 20 N 122 29 20 W 37 939 N 122 489 W 37 939 122 489 Coordinates 37 56 20 N 122 29 20 W 37 939 N 122 489 W 37 939 122 489StatusOperationalSecurity classMinimum maximumCapacity3 082Population3 239 105 as of July 31 2022 1 Managed byCalifornia Department of Corrections and RehabilitationWardenRon BroomfieldEstablished in 1852 and opening in 1854 3 San Quentin it the oldest prison in California The state s only death row for male inmates the largest in the United States is located at the prison 4 5 It has a gas chamber but since 1996 executions at the prison have been carried out by lethal injection though the prison has not performed an execution since 2006 6 The prison has been featured on film radio drama video podcast and television is the subject of many books has hosted concerts and has housed many notorious inmates Contents 1 Facilities 1 1 Death row 1 2 Executions 2 Programs 3 History 4 Notable inmates 4 1 Current 4 2 Former 4 3 Deaths in prison 4 3 1 COVID 19 related deaths 4 4 Executed 4 5 Administration 5 In media 5 1 Television 5 2 Performances and music videos 5 3 Film 5 4 Fiction literature and publications 5 5 Podcasts 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksFacilities EditSan Quentin State Prison Aerial view of San Quentin including the housing units yard education center and Prison Industry Authority facilities San Quentin s East Gate the primary entrance for visitors and volunteers The San Quentin Handicraft Shop where art created by prisoners is sold Money from sales goes to the Inmate Welfare Fund and restitution The correctional complex sits on Point San Quentin which consists of 432 acres 1 75 square kilometers on the north side of San Francisco Bay 7 8 9 10 The prison complex itself occupies 275 acres 1 11 km2 valued in a 2001 study at between 129 million and 664 million 11 As of July 31 2022 San Quentin was incarcerating people at 105 of its design capacity with 3 239 occupants 1 Death row Edit Men condemned to death in California with some exceptions must be held at San Quentin while condemned women are held at Central California Women s Facility in Chowchilla 12 As of December 2015 San Quentin held almost 700 male inmates in its Condemned Unit or death row 13 As of 2001 San Quentin s death row was described as the largest in the Western Hemisphere 14 as of 2005 it was called the most populous execution antechamber in the United States 5 The states of Florida and Texas had fewer death row inmates in 2008 397 and 451 respectively than San Quentin 15 The death row at San Quentin is divided into three sections the quiet North Segregation or North Seg built in 1934 for prisoners who don t cause trouble the East Block a crumbling leaky maze of a place built in 1927 and the Adjustment Center for the worst of the worst 5 Most of the prison s death row inmates reside in the East Block The fourth floor of the North Block was the prison s first death row facility but additional death row space opened after executions resumed in the U S in 1978 The adjustment center received solid doors preventing gunning down or attacking persons with bodily waste As of 2016 update it housed 81 death row inmates and four non death row inmates 16 A dedicated psychiatric facility serves the prisoners A converted shower bay in the East Block hosts religious services Many prison programs available for most inmates are unavailable for death row inmates 13 Although 395 million was allocated in the 2008 2009 state budget for new death row facilities at San Quentin in December 2008 two legislators introduced bills to eliminate the funding 17 The state had planned to build a new death row facility but Governor Jerry Brown canceled those plans in 2011 18 In 2015 Brown asked the Legislature for funds for a new death row as the current death row facilities were becoming filled At the time the non death row prison population was decreasing opening room for death row inmates As of 2015 update the San Quentin death row has a capacity of 715 prisoners 19 Executions Edit Lethal injection room in San Quentin All executions in California male and female take place at San Quentin 12 The execution chamber is located in a one story addition close to the East Block 16 Women executed in California are transported to San Quentin by bus before being put to death 20 The methods for execution at San Quentin have changed over time Prior to 1893 the counties executed convicts Between 1893 and 1937 215 people were executed at San Quentin by hanging after which 196 prisoners died in the gas chamber 5 In 1995 the use of gas for execution was ruled cruel and unusual punishment which led to executions inside the gas chamber by lethal injection 5 Between 1996 and 2006 eleven people were executed at San Quentin by lethal injection 21 In April 2007 staff of the California Legislative Analyst s Office discovered that a new execution chamber was being built at San Quentin legislators subsequently accuse d the governor of hiding the project from the Legislature and the public 22 The old lethal injection facility had included an injection room of 43 square feet 4 0 square meters and a single viewing area the facility that was being built included an injection chamber of 230 square feet 21 m2 and three viewing areas for family victim and press 23 Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger stopped construction of the facility the next week 24 The legislature later approved 180 000 to finish the project and the facility was completed 25 26 In addition to state executions three federal executions have been carried out at San Quentin 27 Samuel Richard Shockley and Miran Edgar Thompson had been incarcerated at Alcatraz Island federal penitentiary and were executed on December 3 1948 for the murder of two prison guards during the Battle of Alcatraz 28 Carlos Romero Ochoa had murdered a federal immigration officer after he was caught smuggling illegal immigrants across the border near El Centro California He was executed at San Quentin s gas chamber on December 10 1948 28 On March 13 2019 after Governor Gavin Newsom ordered a moratorium on the state s death penalty the state withdrew its current lethal injection protocol and San Quentin dismantled and indefinitely closed its gas and lethal injection execution chambers 29 Programs EditPrison to Employment Connection A Better Way Out Prison to Employment Connection is offered to inmates at San Quentin State Prison who are close to their release dates or have a scheduled Parole Board Hearing After successfully completing a rigorous 14 week employment readiness program inmates are invited to an Employer Day Potential employers PEC Partners come to the prison to interview inmates review their resumes and offer guidance and support for potential employment upon release 30 VVGSQ Vietnam Veterans Group San Quentin Although the group had been meeting for some time the name officially began on April 7 1987 In 1988 they started the annual Christmas Toy giveaway giving toys to visiting children In 1989 they began the annual scholarship fund for high school seniors They spend their time raising money and since 1987 have given over 80 000 to the community 31 The Last Mile started in 2011 under Chris Redlitz entrepreneur and venture capital initiative The program aims to give resources and mentorship to inmates to help them find their way into tech startup entrepreneurship and reduce the rate of recidivism 32 The San Quentin Drama Workshop began at the prison in 1958 after a performance of Waiting for Godot the previous year 33 The San Quentin SQUIRES San Quentin Utilization of Inmate Resources Experiences and Studies program which began in 1964 is reported to be the oldest juvenile awareness program in the United States 34 35 It involves inmates at the prison interacting with troubled youths for the purpose of deterring them from crime and was the subject of a 1978 documentary film Squires of San Quentin 35 36 In 1983 a randomized controlled study was published that found that the program produced no overall reduction in delinquency 35 The program was still functional as of 2008 37 Since the 1920s San Quentin inmates have been allowed to play baseball 38 Starting in 1994 inmates have played against players from outside the prison 39 40 The games occur twice a week through the summer 41 Originally the Pirates 40 the team of prisoners is called the Giants in honor of the San Francisco Giants who donated uniforms to the team 38 41 A second team called the Athletics was later started named after the Oakland Athletics 42 The team of outside players is called the Willing The umpires and fans are inmates but the coaches on the field are volunteers 38 41 Although some people question the appropriateness of baseball games being held at the prison officials believe organized sports is a way to keep inmates occupied and perhaps teach a few lessons on getting along with others 38 These games were detailed in a Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel episode on June 20 2006 39 and in several other documentaries San Quentin has the only on site college degree granting program in California s entire prison system which began in 1996 and which is currently run by the Mount Tamalpais College 43 44 No More Tears Program co founded by incarcerated men at San Quentin This program is committed to stopping the violence in the community and changing the mindset This program stays alive through donations volunteers and CDCR who come into the prison and become involved in the workshops with the incarcerated men Changing the mindset Response to Violence Employability Fixin da Hood All inmates and volunteers are working toward achieving the program s mission stopping the tears of loved ones and family by being committed to stopping the youth from committing acts of violence 45 The California Reentry Program at San Quentin begun in 2003 helps inmates re enter society after they serve their sentences 46 The San Quentin News is the only inmate produced newspaper in California and one of the few in the world 47 48 49 History Edit The sprawling San Quentin prison complex Though numerous towns and localities in the area are named after Roman Catholic saints and San Quintin is Spanish for Saint Quentin the prison was not named after the saint The land on which it is situated Point Quentin is named after a Coast Miwok warrior named Quentin fighting under Chief Marin who was taken prisoner at that place 50 51 In 1851 California s first prison opened it was a 268 ton wooden ship named the Waban anchored in San Francisco Bay and outfitted to hold 30 inmates 52 53 Some of the Waban s timber remains a part of the new hospital structure inside the prison After a series of speculative land transactions and a legislative scandal 54 inmates who were housed on theWaban constructed San Quentin which opened its first cell block nicknamed the Stones in 1854 Before being retired altogether this initial unit would come to be used as a dungeon after newer additions were constructed atop it The Stones however survive to this day and is thought to be California s oldest surviving public work 55 In 1928 a woman Dorothy Mackaye 440960 served less than ten months of a one to three year sentence 56 57 58 59 One example of a noteworthy leader at San Quentin was Warden Clinton Duffy from 1940 to 1952 Warden Duffy was a man of contradictions His public persona was quite positive because of his fresh insights informing the reorganization of the prison structure and reformation of prison management Prior to Duffy San Quentin had gone through years of violence inhumane punishments and civil rights abuses against prisoners The previous warden was forced to resign 60 Duffy had the offending prison guards fired and added a librarian psychiatrists and several surgeons at San Quentin Duffy s press agent publicized sweeping reforms however San Quentin remained a brutal prison where prisoners continued to be beaten to death 61 The use of torture as an approved method of interrogation at San Quentin was banned in 1944 62 In 1941 the first prison meeting of Alcoholics Anonymous took place at San Quentin in commemoration of this the 25 millionth copy of the AA Big Book was presented to Jill Brown of San Quentin at the International Convention of Alcoholics Anonymous in Toronto Ontario Canada 63 In 1947 Warden Duffy recruited Herman Spector to work as assistant warden at San Quentin Spector turned down the invitation to be assistant warden and chose instead to become senior librarian if he could institute his theories on reading as a program to encourage pro social behavior By 1955 Spector was being interviewed in library journals and suggesting the prison library could contribute significantly to rehabilitation 64 The dining hall of the prison is adorned by six 20 ft 6 1 m sepia toned murals depicting California history They were painted by Alfredo Santos one time convicted heroin dealer and successful artist during his 1953 1955 incarceration 65 66 The murals were painted with a thinned raw sienna oil paint directly to plaster as he was denied use of other colors to paint with 67 Lawrence Singleton who raped a teenaged girl and cut off her forearms spent a year on parole in a trailer on the grounds of San Quentin between 1987 and 1988 because towns in California would not accept him as a parolee 68 Between 1992 and 1997 a boot camp was held at the prison that was intended to rehabilitat e first time nonviolent offenders the program was discontinued because it did not reduce recidivism or save money 69 A 2005 court ordered report found that the prison was old antiquated dirty poorly staffed poorly maintained with inadequate medical space and equipment and overcrowded 70 Later that year the warden was fired for threaten ing disciplinary action against a doctor who spoke with attorneys about problems with health care delivery at the prison 71 By 2007 a new trauma center had opened at the prison and a new 175 million medical complex was planned 72 In 2020 the prison became the center of a COVID 19 outbreak after a group of prisoners were transferred to San Quentin from the California Institution for Men in Chino California Initial reports suggested that San Quentin officials were told that the new inmates had all tested negative however few had been tested at all By June 22 at least 350 inmates and staff had tested positive in what a federal judge called a significant failure of policy 73 Notable inmates EditCurrent Edit San Quentin up close San Quentin prisoners on recreation Isauro Aguirre born 1980 tortured and killed girlfriend s 8 year old son Gabriel Fernandez along with his girlfriend Pearl Fernandez Aguirre was sentenced to death and Fernandez to life in prison in 2018 The case was the subject of the Netflix series The Trials of Gabriel Fernandez 74 Alejandro Avila born 1971 the rapist and murderer of 5 year old Samantha Runnion Sentenced to death in 2005 75 Richard Delmer Boyer born 1958 convicted for stabbing an elderly couple to death while high on alcohol and drugs Claimed to have been partly influenced by a scene in Halloween II Sentenced to death in 1984 76 Luis Bracamontes born 1970 illegal immigrant who shot and killed two Sacramento police officers and injured a civilian and a third officer Sentenced to death in 2018 77 Vincent Brothers born 1962 convicted in the shooting and stabbing of five members of his family including three children Sentenced to death in 2007 75 Albert Greenwood Brown born 1954 convicted rapist and child molester who raped and murdered a teen girl in 1980 Sentenced to death in 1982 78 Brandon Browner born 1984 former NFL player found guilty of attempted murder currently serving eight year sentence David Carpenter born 1930 the Trailside Killer 5 Sentenced to death in 1984 and 1988 75 Carpenter is the oldest inmate currently Dean Carter born 1955 serial killer convicted of murdering four women Sentenced to death in 1985 79 Steven David Catlin born 1944 serial killer who poisoned two wives and his mother Sentenced to death in 1990 80 Doug Clark born 1948 serial killer and necrophile who killed six women with a female accomplice Sentenced to death in 1983 81 Kevin Cooper born 1958 convicted for the hatchet and knife massacre of the Ryen family Sentenced to death in 1985 75 Tiequon Cox born 1965 sentenced to death in 1986 for the 1984 murders of four relatives of the former defensive back NFL player Kermit Alexander 82 He was involved in an escape attempt in 2000 83 Jonathan Daniel D Arcy born 1962 a janitor from Buena Park was convicted of first degree murder in the February 2 1993 burning death of Karen Marie Laborde a 42 year old mother of two who identified D Arcy as her assailant before she died D Arcy was sentenced to death in Orange County on April 11 1997 84 Joseph Danks born 1962 Koreatown Slasher who murdered six homeless men in Los Angeles in 1987 Sentenced to death in 1993 for strangling his cellmate in California Correctional Institution in Tehachapi 85 Bruce Davis born 1942 member of the Manson family convicted of the murder of Donald Shorty Shea and sentenced to life in 1974 Richard Allen Davis born 1954 convicted of kidnapping and murdering Polly Klaas 5 Sentenced to death in 1996 75 Skylar Deleon born 1979 former child actor and triple murderer responsible for the deaths of Thomas and Jackie Hawks Sentenced to death in 2009 One of her accomplices John Fitzgerald Kennedy was also sentenced to death in 2009 86 Sonny Enraca born 1972 gang member who shot and killed Boyz n the Hood actor Dedrick D Gobert during an altercation Sentenced to death in 1996 Pedro Espinoza born 1989 18th Street gang member who murdered Jamiel Shaw II Sentenced to death in 2013 87 John Famalaro born 1957 sentenced to death on September 6 1997 for the kidnap rape and murder of 23 year old Denise Anette Huber from Newport Beach California in 1991 Famalaro abducted and murdered Denise on June 3 1991 88 He was caught in July 1994 when police found her body in an icebox where he had kept her for three years 89 Richard Farley born 1948 perpetrator of the Sunnyvale ESL shooting Sentenced to death in 1992 75 Wayne Adam Ford born 1961 convicted of killing four women in 1997 and 1998 Sentenced to death in 2006 75 Rickie Lee Fowler born 1984 convicted of setting the Old Fire that caused the deaths of five people Sentenced to death in 2012 90 Michael Gargiulo born 1976 serial killer who killed at least three women Sentenced to death in 2021 91 Jose Guerrero born 1973 serial killer who killed at least three women from 1995 to 1998 Sentenced to death in 2009 92 Larry Hazlett born 1948 convicted of the 1978 rape and murder of 20 year old Rosamond beauty queen Tana Woolley Sentenced to death in 2004 Glenn Helzer born 1970 founder of the Children of Thunder cult alongside his brother Justin Helzer and his girlfriend Dawn Godman who murdered five people in 2000 Sentenced to death in 2005 Justin hanged himself in 2013 75 93 Ivan Hill born 1961 serial killer who killed at least nine women from 1979 to 1994 Sentenced to death in 2007 94 Eric Houston born 1972 perpetrator of the Lindhurst school shooting spree that left three students and a teacher dead Sentenced to death in 1993 The subject of the made for television movie Detention The Siege at Johnson High Ryan Hoyt born 1979 associate of Jesse James Hollywood convicted of the murder of Nicholas Markowitz Sentenced to death in 2003 75 Michael Hughes born 1956 serial killer who killed at least seven women from 1986 to 1993 Sentenced to death in 1998 95 Emrys John Tyrone Miller and Kesaun Sykes former marines convicted of torturing and murdering Jan Pawel and Quiana Jenkins Pietrzak in 2008 All three were sentenced to death while a fourth accomplice Kevin Cox was sentenced to life in prison 96 Randy Kraft born 1945 serial killer who was convicted of 16 murders and suspected of 51 others Sentenced to death in 1989 75 Gunner Lindberg born 1975 stabbed a Vietnamese man to death in a racially motivated attack Sentenced to death in 1996 97 Franklin Lynch born 1955 convicted serial killer and robber who is suspected in the murders of 13 elderly women in the East Bay during the summer of 1987 He was only charged for 3 murders and was sentenced to death in 1992 Jarvis Jay Masters born 1962 convicted and sentenced to death for participating in the murder of Corrections Officer Hal Burchfield Sentenced to death in 1990 75 Timothy Joseph McGhee born 1973 Toonerville Rifa 13 member believed to have shot at least 12 people between 1997 and 2001 and attempted to kill two LAPD officers in an ambush Sentenced to death in 2009 98 Charles Chase Merritt born 1957 murdered the McStay family for financial gain Sentenced to death in 2020 99 Andrew Mickel born 1979 shot a police officer to death at a gas station Sentenced to death in 2006 100 Michael Morales born 1959 convicted for the brutal murder of Terri Winchell Sentenced to death in 1983 75 Joseph Naso born 1934 serial killer who raped and murdered at least six women Sentenced to death in 2013 101 Charles Ng born 1960 serial killer who tortured and murdered 11 people with Leonard Lake died by Suicide by Cyanide after arrest in 1985 Finally Ng is extradited from Canada to United States sentenced to death in February 1999 75 Raymond Lee Oyler born 1971 convicted of setting the Esperanza Fire that claimed the lives of five firemen Sentenced to death in 2009 102 Gerald Parker born 1955 serial killer and rapist who killed at least six women and an unborn baby Sentenced to death in 1999 103 Scott Peterson born 1972 convicted of murdering his pregnant wife Laci and their unborn child Conner in a much publicized trial Sentenced to death in 2005 resentenced to life without parole in 2021 75 104 Cleophus Prince Jr born 1967 serial killer who raped and murdered six women in San Diego in 1990 Sentenced to death in 1993 105 David Allen Raley born 1961 security guard who kidnapped and tortured two teenage girls killing one of them Sentenced to death in 1988 106 Ramon Salcido born 1961 convicted in 1989 of seven murders including six relatives and his boss Sentenced to death in 1990 107 Vincent Sanchez born 1973 the Simi Valley Rapist Serial rapist convicted of 75 counts including a first degree murder charge felony kidnapping burglary rape and other sex offense charges against numerous victims Sentenced to death in 2003 108 Wesley Shermantine born 1966 one half of the Speed Freak Killers serial killer duo believed to have killed as many as 70 people Sentenced to death in 2001 His accomplice Loren Herzog committed suicide in 2012 109 Mitchell Sims born 1960 convicted May 20 1987 of the hotel room murder of Domino s Pizza deliveryman John Harrington in Glendale also sentenced to death in South Carolina for the murders of two Domino s employees in that state Sentenced to death in 1987 75 Morris Solomon Jr born 1944 serial killer convicted of murdering six women in Sacramento Sentenced to death in 1992 75 Cary Stayner born 1961 serial killer convicted of killing four women in Yosemite Sentenced to death in 2002 75 William Suff born 1950 serial killer convicted of murdering 12 women in Riverside County Sentenced to death in 1995 75 Anthony Sully born 1944 serial killer and former police officer convicted of murdering six people in Burlingame in 1983 Sentenced to death in 1986 110 Regis Deon Thomas born 1970 convicted of the murders of three people including two Compton Police officers Sentenced to death in 1995 75 Chester Turner born 1966 serial killer convicted of murdering 14 women in Los Angeles between 1987 and 1998 Sentenced to death in 2007 75 Billy Ray Waldon born 1952 murderer and rapist who killed three people Sentenced to death in 1987 Darnell Keith Washington born 1988 convicted of killing a woman during a home invasion Sentenced to death in 2016 75 Ward Weaver Jr born 1947 father of convicted murderer Ward Weaver III who shot and killed two teenagers Sentenced to death in 1985 Marcus Wesson born 1946 convicted of killing nine of his family members Sentenced to death in 2005 75 David Westerfield born 1952 convicted of kidnapping and killing seven year old Danielle van Dam Sentenced to death in 2003 75 Daniel Wozniak born 1984 convicted of murdering and dismembering Samuel Herr and then murdering Julie Kibuishi in a plot to steal money to fund his wedding Sentenced to death in 2016 75 Jon Dunkle born 1960 convicted of murdering three young boys in Belmont Sentenced to death in 1990 111 Former Edit Rodney Alcala serial killer sentenced to death He was later transferred to Corcoran State Prison where he died William Dale Archerd murdered three family members by injecting them with insulin Sentenced to death but commuted to life in prison Died from pneumonia in California Medical Facility in 1977 Bobby Beausoleil a former associate of the Charles Manson Family currently serving a life sentence in prison 112 Charles Bolles alias Black Bart an American Old West outlaw 62 William Bradford murdered a barmaid and a 15 year old girl and may have killed as many as 20 women Died from natural causes in California Medical Facility in 2008 Edward Bunker FBI most wanted fugitive who reformed and became an author he wrote a novel set in San Quentin 113 and actor Was sentenced at age 17 the youngest inmate at the time Rodolfo Cadena influential member of the Mexican Mafia Murdered by members of the Nuestra Familia in California Institution for Men in 1972 Curtis Carroll born 1968 Financial adviser whose insights into investing and trading stock have earned the nickname Wall Street Carroll is serving a sentence of 54 years to life for murder Incarcerated in Pelican Bay State Prison 114 Eldridge Cleaver member of the Black Panther Party was an inmate between 1958 and 1963 115 Joseph Cosey conman and criminal forger Louis Craine serial killer who killed at least 4 women Died from AIDS complications in hospital in 1989 116 Scott Dyleski murdered attorney Daniel Horowitz s wife when he was 17 years old Was held in San Quentin for several months before being transferred John Linley Frazier mass murderer and religious fanatic Sentenced to death in 1971 but commuted to life in prison Committed suicide by hanging in Mule Creek State Prison in 2009 Gerald Gallego serial killer and rapist who kidnapped young girls to keep as sex slaves before killing them with his wife as an accomplice Was initially sentenced to death in San Quentin but was transferred to Nevada State Prison in 1984 to be executed for murders committed in that state Died from cancer in Nevada Prison in 2002 Alex Garcia boxer and former gang member who stabbed a rival to death Willie Earl Green wrongfully convicted of murder and exonerated Griffith J Griffith industrialist who shot his wife through the eye Steve Clem Grogan a former associate of the Charles Manson Family Released in 1985 Merle Haggard singer who spent time in San Quentin from 1958 to 1960 Billy Ray Hamilton hitman who murdered three witnesses for Clarence Ray Allen in 1980 Died of natural causes in hospital in 2007 Charles Ray Hatcher serial killer who murdered two young boys in the Bay Area Released in 1977 Robert Hohenberger suspected serial killer who served three years for kidnapping two girls in 1971 Michael Wayne Hunter former death row prisoner and writer who murdered his father and stepmother Death sentence commuted to life in prison and currently incarcerated in Pleasant Valley State Prison Jang In hwan Korean independence activist who assassinated former American diplomat Durham Stevens in 1908 117 Tomoya Kawakita Japanese American dual citizen convicted of treason for aiding Japan during World War II Tomoya Kawakita appealed his conviction to the United States Supreme Court in Kawakita v United States Originally held in San Quentin for his upcoming execution before his death sentence was commuted to life in prison Roger Kibbe serial killer who admitted to seven murders in Northern California Killed at Mule Creek State Prison in 2021 Chol Soo Lee wrongly convicted of murdering a gang boss and sentenced to life in prison Was sentenced to death for killing an inmate during a fight but was released in 1983 with help from the Free Chol Soo Lee Defense Committee 118 Bruce Lisker wrongly convicted in the 1983 murder of his mother Dorka when he was 17 Exonerated and released from prison in 2009 at age 44 119 Kelvin Malone convicted spree killer who murdered several people in California and Missouri He was sentenced to death in both states and was extradited to Missouri in 1999 where he was executed 120 121 Charles Manson leader of the Manson family Transferred to multiple prisons during his life Died from cancer in hospital on November 19 2017 122 S S Millard controversial filmmaker Barry Mills leader of the Aryan Brotherhood incarcerated during the 1970s for armed robbery Died in ADX Florence in 2018 123 Jim Mitchell prominent in the strip club and pornography businesses in San Francisco spent 1994 1997 in San Quentin for murdering his brother Artie 124 Thomas Mooney political activist and labor leader who was wrongly accused of the San Francisco Preparedness Day Bombing of 1916 Originally sentenced to death and then life in prison before being pardoned in 1939 Frank Morgan saxophonist and heroin addict who formed an ensemble with Art Pepper Joe Pegleg Morgan influential and first white member of the Mexican Mafia Died from cancer in Corcoran State Prison in 1993 Ed Morrell accomplice to the Evans Sontag rail robbery gang spent five years in solitary confinement 125 known as the Dungeon Man of San Quentin 126 pardoned in 1908 and became a well known advocate of prison reform Wallace Fard Muhammad founder of the Nation of Islam Earle Nelson serial killer and necrophile who raped and murdered at least 21 women and an infant boy in the 1920s Spent time in San Quentin for breaking and entering as a teenager Michael Irish O Farrell Hells Angels leader Art Pepper saxophonist and heroin addict who formed an ensemble with Frank Morgan Gregory Powell kidnapped two policemen and shot one of them dead in the Onion Field Murder Sentenced to death but commuted to life in prison Died from cancer in California Medical Facility in 2012 Alfredo Prieto serial killer and gang member who raped and shot five people in Southern California in 1990 Was transferred to Virginia and executed there for a double murder in 2015 127 Richard Ramirez serial killer known as The Night Stalker 5 convicted of killing 13 people Sentenced to death in 1989 128 Died of lymphoma in hospital in 2013 Hans Reiser developer of the ReiserFS file system and convicted for the murder of his wife sentenced to 15 years to life in 2008 129 He is currently at Mule Creek State Prison 130 Joe Remiro born 1947 member of the Symbionese Liberation Army who murdered educator Marcus Foster in 1973 Incarcerated in Pelican Bay State Prison 131 Abe Ruef San Francisco political boss for bribery San Quentin Six six inmates who participated in a riot during an escape attempt in 1971 that resulted in the deaths of six people Fleeta Drumgo was shot dead after he was released in 1979 and Hugo Pinell was stabbed to death during a riot in 2015 after spending 45 years in solitary confinement 132 133 Sanyika Shakur Member of the Crips and author Spent 36 months in San Quentin Glen Sherley musician who spent time in San Quentin in the 1960s Thomas Silverstein leader of the Aryan Brotherhood incarcerated during the 1970s for armed robbery Died in ADX Florence in 2019 134 Lawrence Singleton raped and cut the forearms off a teenage girl before leaving her for dead Was controversially released after serving eight years and was forced to live on the grounds of San Quentin in a trailer while on parole Murdered a woman in Florida and died in North Florida Reception Center in 2001 135 Sirhan Sirhan assassin of Robert F Kennedy sent to death row at San Quentin in May 1969 136 After the California Supreme Court struck down the death penalty as cruel and unusual punishment Sirhan was transferred to Correctional Training Facility 137 He is currently at Donovan State Prison Danny Trejo actor inmate between 1965 and 1968 John Pence Wagner prison evangelist inmate between 1966 and 1972 writer of the poem featured on the rear cover of the 1971 album Guilty by Jimmy Witherspoon and Eric Burdon Died from cancer in 1999 Tex Watson a former associate of the Charles Manson Family currently serving a life sentence in prison Anthony Wimberly serial killer arrested for grand theft auto Currently incarcerated in Mule Creek State Prison Earlonne Woods convicted of attempted armed robbery Most known for his work in co creating and co hosting the award winning podcast Ear Hustle along with Nigel Poor His sentence was commuted by Governor Jerry Brown on November 30 2018 138 Deaths in prison Edit Leung Ying mass murder who killed 11 people on a farm with a rifle and hatchet Sentenced to death and committed suicide in his cell two weeks before his execution 139 George Jackson co founder of the Black Guerrilla Family and one of the Soledad Brothers Shot to death during an escape attempt on August 21 1971 140 Mack Ray Edwards child sex abuser serial killer who buried bodies under freeways on which he worked Committed suicide by hanging in prison cell on October 30 1971 Richard Chase vampire killer in 1979 sentenced to death in gas chamber for murdering six people Committed suicide by drug overdose on December 26 1980 141 James Mitose martial artist convicted of murder Died from diabetes complications on March 26 1981 142 Robert Biehler serial killer responsible for four murders in Los Angeles Died from cancer on January 10 1993 Robert Wayne Danielson serial killer who was sentenced to death for two murders that occurred in Mendocino County Committed suicide by hanging on September 7 1995 143 Stuart Alexander convicted in the 2000 shooting deaths of three USDA meat officials he claimed were harassing him Sentenced to death in 2004 Died from a pulmonary embolism on December 27 2005 144 Brandon Wilson convicted in the 1998 slashing death of nine year old Matthew Cecchi Sentenced to death in 1999 75 Committed suicide on November 17 2011 145 146 J C X Simon member of a group of Black Muslims who committed racially motivated murders in San Francisco in the 1970s known as the Zebra murders Found dead in his cell on March 12 2015 147 Andrew Urdiales serial killer who killed eight women Committed suicide on November 2 2018 148 Anthony McKnight serial killer rapist and kidnapper sentenced to death for the murders of five women in 1985 Found dead in his cell on October 17 2019 149 Lawrence Bittaker serial killer convicted of torturing and murdering five teenage girls Found dead in his cell on December 13 2019 75 Phillip Carl Jablonski convicted of killing five women Found dead in his cell on December 27 2019 75 Lonnie David Franklin Jr convicted of ten murders and one attempted murder in Los Angeles California The attacker was dubbed the Grim Sleeper because he appeared to have taken a 14 year break from his crimes from 1988 to 2002 Found dead in his cell on March 28 2020 150 151 COVID 19 related deaths Edit In 2020 12 death row inmates at San Quentin died in the span of less than two months after a COVID 19 outbreak All of the inmates were hospitalized before their deaths 152 Richard Eugene Stitely 71 died on June 24 2020 153 Joseph S Cordova 75 died on July 1 2020 154 Scott Erskine 57 and Manuel Machado Alvarez 59 both died on July 3 2020 155 75 Dewayne Michael Carey 59 died on July 4 2020 156 David John Reed 60 died on July 7 2020 157 Jeffrey Jay Hawkins 64 died on July 15 2020 158 Troy Adam Ashmus 58 died on July 20 2020 159 John Michael Beames 67 died on July 21 2020 160 Johnny Avila Jr 62 died on July 26 2020 161 Orlando Gene Romero 48 died on August 2 2020 162 Pedro Arias 58 died on August 9 2020 163 Executed Edit The San Quentin gas chamber originally employed lethal hydrogen cyanide gas for the purpose of carrying out capital punishment It was later converted to a lethal injection execution chamber but was restored to its original purpose when a new lethal injection chamber was built Theodore Durrant convicted of murdering two women in San Francisco Executed by hanging on January 7 1898 164 Willie Louis son of Ah Louis convicted of the murder of Gon Ying Louis Executed by hanging on December 16 1912 165 Louis Fortine convicted of murdering his employer Peter M Furrer and Furrer s wife and infant Executed by hanging on July 21 1916 166 Mose Gibson convicted of murdering a man but confessed to seven total murders before his death Executed by hanging on September 24 1920 167 William Edward Hickman convicted of kidnapping mutilating and murdering 12 year old Marion Parker died by hanging on October 19 1928 168 Gordon Stewart Northcott convicted of killing three boys in the Wineville Chicken Coop Murders executed by hanging on October 2 1930 169 Ed Davis bank robber who killed a warden during an escape attempt from Folsom State Prison Executed by gas chamber on December 16 1938 William Johansen serial killer who murdered three women including his wife in New York and California between 1933 and 1940 executed by gas chamber on September 5 1941 170 Juanita Spinelli first woman executed in San Quentin s gas chamber on November 22 1941 171 Raymond Rattlesnake James Lisenba convicted of killing his wife he was the last man to be executed by hanging in California on May 1 1942 172 Sam Shockley and Miran Edgar Thompson convicted of killing a guard in the 1946 Battle of Alcatraz escape attempt executed together in the gas chamber on December 3 1948 173 Louise Peete convicted murderer executed in the gas chamber on April 11 1947 174 Billy Cook murderer of Carl Mosser his wife Thelma their three small children and motorist Robert Dewey He died in the gas chamber on December 12 1952 175 Lloyd Gomez convicted serial killer who murdered nine homeless men executed in the gas chamber on October 16 1953 176 Barbara Graham convicted murderer executed in the gas chamber on June 3 1955 177 Burton Abbott convicted of the rape and murder of a teenage girl executed in the gas chamber on March 15 1957 178 Vender Duncan convicted of raping and murdering two elderly women executed in the gas chamber on May 29 1959 179 Harvey Glatman convicted of raping and strangling two women he died in the gas chamber on September 18 1959 180 Caryl Chessman convicted rapist was given the death penalty in 1948 and executed on May 2 1960 181 The last man executed in California for a sexual offense that did not also involve murder Henry Busch convicted serial killer who murdered three women and planned to murder a fourth Executed by gas chamber on June 6 1962 182 Elizabeth Ann Duncan convicted of hiring two men to kill her daughter in law executed by gas chamber on August 8 1962 Fourth and last woman to be executed in San Quentin 183 Aaron Mitchell convicted of shooting a Sacramento police officer executed by gas chamber on April 12 1967 184 Robert Alton Harris convicted of murdering two boys after serving time for manslaughter died in the gas chamber on April 21 1992 185 David Mason convicted serial killer he was the last man to be executed in the gas chamber on August 24 1993 186 William Bonin convicted serial killer the Freeway Killer one of three men to have the same nickname became the first person in California history to be executed by lethal injection on February 23 1996 187 Keith Daniel Williams convicted triple murderer executed by lethal injection on May 3 1996 188 Thomas Martin Thompson convicted of the 1981 killing of Ginger Fleischli executed by lethal injection on July 14 1998 189 Jaturun Siripongs convicted of two 1981 murders executed by lethal injection on February 9 1999 190 Manny Babbitt convicted murderer who died by lethal injection on May 4 1999 191 Darrell Keith Rich convicted serial killer executed by lethal injection on March 15 2000 192 Robert Lee Massie convicted murderer executed by lethal injection on March 27 2001 193 Stephen Wayne Anderson contract killer and serial killer executed by lethal injection on January 29 2002 194 Donald Beardslee convicted serial killer executed by lethal injection on January 19 2005 195 Stanley Tookie Williams convicted spree killer co founder and early leader of the Crips street gang Author several children s books about his experience at San Quentin 196 and cause celebre Executed by lethal injection on December 13 2005 197 Clarence Ray Allen convicted for ordering the killing of three people At age 76 he was the oldest person ever executed in California by lethal injection on January 17 2006 and the last in the entire state of California 198 Administration Edit Leo Stanley 1886 1976 American surgeon who served as the Chief Surgeon from 1913 to 1951 199 In media EditThis section appears to contain trivial minor or unrelated references to popular culture Please reorganize this content to explain the subject s impact on popular culture providing citations to reliable secondary sources rather than simply listing appearances Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2018 Television Edit San Quentin is on the rotation of prisons featured on MSNBC s show Lockup a TV documentary series on life in prison 200 San Quentin appears in various overhead shots on The CW s shows The Flash and Arrow serving as Iron Heights Penitentiary San Quentin is featured in the BBC Two special Louis Theroux Behind Bars Performances and music videos Edit Country music singer Johnny Cash performed at San Quentin at least twice in his career The first was in 1958 which included among its audience members a young and incarcerated Merle Haggard Haggard was inspired to pursue music after being released in part because of that concert 201 Eleven years later on February 24 1969 Cash played another live concert for the prison inmates The 1969 concert was released as an album At San Quentin and as a television documentary Johnny Cash in San Quentin filmed by Granada Television A Boy Named Sue taken from the concert was Cash s only Billboard Hot 100 top ten hit peaking at number two and winning the 1970 Grammy Award for Best Male Country Vocal Performance During the concert the song San Quentin about an inmate s loathing for the prison received such an enthusiastic response that Cash immediately played an encore 202 In 1990 B B King recorded Live at San Quentin in the prison it won a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album in 1991 203 On November 19 1957 San Francisco Actors Workshop put on a performance of Waiting for Godot despite concerns the audience of 1 400 prisoners would not understand the play it received a standing ovation and would inspire inmates to perform the play 204 In 2003 heavy metal band Metallica filmed the music video for their song St Anger from the album of the same name in San Quentin which featured many of the prison inmates and security staff and also included then new bassist Robert Trujillo for the first time since being inducted into the band Parts of the filming of the St Anger video and behind the scenes were included in the group s Some Kind of Monster film in 2004 On September 7 2022 the hard rock band Nickelback released a song named San Quentin Film Edit The 1933 Warner Brothers film Ladies They Talk About featured Barbara Stanwyck as an inmate The 1937 Warner Brothers film San Quentin featured Pat O Brien as the captain of the yard and Humphrey Bogart as an inmate William Beaudine directed the film Men of San Quentin 1942 205 Humphrey Bogart played a character who escapes from San Quentin in the 1947 film Dark Passage 206 The 1954 film Duffy of San Quentin tells the story of Clinton Duffy who was warden of San Quentin between 1940 and 1952 207 208 In 1968 the prison scenes in Woody Allen s film Take the Money and Run were shot in San Quentin 209 A main character in the 1993 film Blood In Blood Out spends the majority of the film imprisoned in San Quentin Quentin the main villain in the 1997 film Cube is named after the prison In the 1999 film 10 Things I Hate About You it is rumored that Patrick Verona a character played by Heath Ledger spent a year in San Quentin 210 The 2013 film Fruitvale Station used the prison in which real life character Oscar Grant did time as a filming location for a flashback scene Actual prisoners served as extras 211 In the 2015 Marvel Studios film Ant Man the main character Scott Lang Ant Man is imprisoned then released from San Quentin for burglary In the 2015 Get Hard Will Ferrell s character James King is sent to San Quentin for six months on a gun charge In the 2018 Marvel Studios film Venom and its 2021 sequel Venom Let There Be Carnage where the serial killer Cletus Kasady portrayed by Woody Harrelson later known as Carnage is imprisoned Eddie Brock Tom Hardy visits him to conduct the first of a series of interviews in this post credits scene 212 Fiction literature and publications Edit Gang pulp author Margie Harris wrote a story on San Quentin for the short lived pulp magazine Prison Stories The story titled Big House Boomerang appeared in the March 1931 issue It used San Quentin s brutal jute mill as its setting Harris knowledge of the prison came from her days as a newspaper reporter in the Bay Area and her acquaintance with famous San Quentin prisoner Ed Morrell 213 The 1915 novel The Star Rover by Jack London was based in San Quentin A framing story is told in the first person by Darrell Standing a university professor serving life imprisonment in San Quentin State Prison for murder Prison officials try to break his spirit by means of a torture device called the jacket a canvas jacket which can be tightly laced so as to compress the whole body inducing angina Standing discovers how to withstand the torture by entering a kind of trance state in which he walks among the stars and experiences portions of past lives Podcasts Edit Ear Hustle is a podcast created by Earlonne Woods with the help of Nigel Poor Interviews inmates at San Quentin about life on the inside 214 See also EditSan Quentin Six the six inmates who were accused of participating in the August 21 1971 escape attempt that left six people dead Films set in San Quentin State Prison The Last Mile prison rehabilitation program References Edit a b California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Monthly Report of Population As of Midnight July 31 2022 PDF California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Division of Internal Oversight and Research July 31 2022 Archived from the original PDF on September 5 2022 Retrieved September 5 2022 2020 CENSUS CENSUS BLOCK MAP Marin County CA PDF U S Census Bureau p 39 PDF p 40 46 Retrieved 2022 08 13 San Quentin State Prison Bookspan Shelley 1991 A germ of goodness the California state prison system 1851 1944 Lincoln University of Nebraska Press p 7 ISBN 978 0 8032 1216 9 San Quentin State Prison SQ 2009 Mission Statement California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Archived from the original on August 6 2009 Retrieved 2009 08 20 a b c d e f g h Fimrite Peter 20 November 2005 Inside death row At San Quentin 647 condemned killers wait to die in the most populous execution antechamber in the United States The San Francisco Chronicle Archived from the original on 2 July 2009 Retrieved 2009 08 20 Hu Hattie August 5 2017 Death row inmates sentenced in Sacramento region have waited an average of 21 years Sacramento Bee Archived from the original on August 5 2017 Gould Pam November 2 2009 Does San Quentin need a new Death Row The San Francisco Chronicle Archived from the original on November 15 2010 Sell San Quentin Los Angeles Times June 1 2009 Archived from the original on November 5 2012 Editorial Sell San Quentin News CCPOA California Correctional Peace Officers Association www ccpoa org Archived from the original on July 20 2011 County of Marin Community Development Agency PDF Archived PDF from the original on 2012 03 16 Retrieved 2011 01 23 Department of General Services June 2001 Preliminary Analysis of Potential Reuse and Relocation of San Quentin Prison PDF State of California Archived from the original PDF on 2009 03 27 Retrieved 2008 12 31 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help a b Legislative Counsel of California Penal Code section 3600 3607 Archived 2009 05 13 at the Wayback Machine Accessed January 13 2009 The judgment of death shall be executed within the walls of the California State Prison at San Quentin and Upon the affirmance of her appeal the female person sentenced to death shall thereafter be delivered to the warden of the California state prison designated by the department for the execution of the death penalty a b St John Paige A rare peek at San Quentin s death row and conversations with inmates awaiting their fates as political battles swirl Archived 2016 03 29 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times December 29 2015 Retrieved on March 22 2016 Nieves Evelyn Rash of violence disrupts San Quentin s death row New York Times May 22 2001 Accessed January 13 2009 The death penalty in 2008 year end report Archived 2008 12 21 at the Wayback Machine Washington DC Death Penalty Information Center December 2008 Accessed January 13 2009 a b St John Paige A revealing look at California s death row Archived 2016 03 16 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times January 5 2016 Retrieved on March 22 2016 Egelko Bob 2 lawmakers team up to oppose new Death Row Archived 2009 01 03 at the Wayback Machine San Francisco Chronicle December 17 2008 Accessed January 13 2009 Riley Charles California cancels new San Quentin death row Archived 2012 05 08 at the Wayback Machine CNN April 28 2011 Retrieved on May 9 2012 California s death row with no executions in sight runs out of room Archived 2016 03 30 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times March 30 2015 Retrieved on March 22 2016 Corwin Miles Death s Door State s Only Condemned Woman Awaits Her Fate Archived 2016 08 18 at the Wayback Machine Los Angeles Times April 19 1992 Retrieved on March 22 2016 Zimmers Teresa A Sheldon Jonathan Lubarsky David A Lopez Munoz Francisco Waterman Linda Weisman Richard Koniaris Leonidas G 2007 Lethal Injection for Execution Chemical Asphyxiation PLOS Medicine 4 4 e156 doi 10 1371 journal pmed 0040156 PMC 1876417 PMID 17455994 Martin Mark New execution chamber infuriates lawmakers Facility at San Quentin was built quietly Archived 2009 06 15 at the Wayback Machine San Francisco Chronicle April 14 2007 Accessed January 12 2009 State of California lethal injection protocol Archived 2008 12 08 at the Wayback Machine Accessed January 16 2009 Gov Schwarzenegger stops construction of lethal injection facility Archived 2008 10 26 at the Wayback Machine April 20 2007 Accessed January 16 2009 Chorneau Tom Death chamber delayed by budget standoff may miss Oct 1 deadline Archived 2009 06 10 at the Wayback Machine San Francisco Chronicle August 7 2007 Accessed January 16 2009 Mintz Howard State decides to seek public input on execution plan Archived 2012 09 28 at the Wayback Machine San Jose Mercury News January 6 2009 Accessed January 16 2009 Executions of Federal Prisoners since 1927 Archived 2013 02 15 at the Wayback Machine Federal Bureau of Prisons Retrieved on August 22 2010 a b https news google com newspapers id x 9JAAAAIBAJ amp pg 3652 1017239 permanent dead link Bollag Sophia Ineffective irreversible and immoral Gavin Newsom halts death penalty for 737 inmates Sacramento Bee Retrieved March 13 2019 Home Prison2ec org Veterans Group San Quentin Archived from the original on 2015 03 21 Retrieved 2015 04 15 San Quentin Prison Demo Day Gives Entrepreneurs Behind Bars A Second Chance Archived 2017 06 16 at the Wayback Machine Techcrunch Feb 22 2013 Berton Justin When Waiting for Godot played San Quentin Archived 2009 04 14 at the Wayback Machine San Francisco Chronicle December 23 2008 Accessed January 10 2009 City Youth Now Programs SQUIRES Archived 2008 08 11 at the Wayback Machine Accessed January 10 2009 a b c Lewis Roy V Scared Straight California style evaluation of the San Quentin Squires Program Archived 2009 05 15 at the Wayback Machine Criminal Justice and Behavior vol 10 no 2 June 1983 pages 209 226 Squires of San Quentin at IMDb Hindery Robin Lessons through life Daily Democrat Woodland CA February 24 2008 a b c d Kosa Frank Prison baseball team gives inmates a focus beyond their cells Archived 2008 09 06 at the Wayback Machine Christian Science Monitor July 2 2008 a b Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel Episode 111 Story 2 A Game of Years Archived 2008 10 16 at the Wayback Machine June 20 2006 Accessed January 2 2009 a b The 700 Club San Quentin s Death Row Chaplain Christian Broadcasting Network Archived from the original on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 21 February 2016 a b c Souders Travis San Quentin baseball offers local team inmates perspective Archived 2009 01 08 at the Wayback Machine Chico Enterprise Record August 10 2008 Accessed January 2 2009 Ross Tommy Shakur October 30 2014 The San Quentin All Stars and their field of dreams KALW Archived from the original on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 21 February 2016 MacLaren Becca San Quentin inmates get diplomas set goals Archived 2008 10 12 at the Wayback Machine Marin Independent Journal June 29 2007 Accessed January 10 2009 Prison University Project History and background Archived 2008 10 01 at the Wayback Machine Accessed January 10 2009 No More Tears No More Tears Program Archived 2013 12 19 at the Wayback Machine Accessed November 15 2009 Moody Shelah California Reentry Program gives ex cons a second chance Archived 2009 02 01 at the Wayback Machine San Francisco Chronicle December 9 2007 Accessed January 12 2009 Taylor Michael 28 March 2009 San Quentin inmate newspaper fills need to know SF Gate Archived from the original on 15 May 2013 Retrieved 17 October 2012 San Quentin News Prison Media Project Yahoo Archived from the original on 11 November 2013 Retrieved 17 October 2012 Pishko Jessica 29 Jan 2014 The News from San Quentin Part 1 Gunerica Archived from the original on 1 February 2014 Retrieved 30 January 2014 The San Quentin News staff produce a 20 page paper that matches any outside publication in quality and depth of 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web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Black C Clifton The man in the black Johnny Cash Christian Century October 4 2003 Accessed January 2 2009 And The Winner Of The Grammy Is Archived 2009 06 25 at the Wayback Machine Seattle Times February 21 1991 Accessed January 2 2009 Berton Justin 23 December 2008 When Waiting for Godot played San Quentin Sfgate com Retrieved 24 January 2022 Men of San Quentin 1942 Archived 2013 05 15 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times Accessed January 11 2009 Crowther Bosley Movie review Dark Passage 1947 New York Times September 6 1947 Accessed January 12 2009 Duffy of San Quentin 1954 Archived 2009 06 10 at the Wayback Machine New York Times Accessed January 11 2009 Blake Gene Famed warden Duffy of San Quentin dead at 84 Los Angeles Times October 14 1982 Nixon Rob Behind the camera on Take the Money and Run Archived 2009 06 09 at the Wayback Machine TCM This Month Accessed January 12 2009 10 THINGS I HATE ABOUT YOU Awesomefilm com Retrieved August 21 2021 Alexander Bryan July 10 2013 Octavia Spencer The help behind Fruitvale Station USA Today Archived from the original on July 18 2013 Retrieved August 6 2013 Venom Credits Scene Explained What to Know About Carnage Time Retrieved 2018 12 05 Locke John editor City of Numbered Men The Best of Prison Stories Off Trail Publications 2010 ISBN 978 1 935031 11 6 Larson Sarah August 16 2017 Ear Hustle The Podcast Made Inside San Quentin The New Yorker Further reading EditAshcroft Lionel San Quentin Prison Its Early History and Origins in Marin County Historical Society Magazine Vol XVII Spring 1993 Bonner John C Hang tough San Quentin Minneapolis Bethany Fellowship 1968 Bookspan Shelley A Germ of Goodness The California State Prison System 1851 1944 University of Nebraska Press Lincoln 1991 Braly Malcolm False starts a memoir of San Quentin and other prisons Boston Little Brown 1976 ISBN 0 316 10614 3 Burke Dennis Doing time finding hope at San Quentin New York Paulist Press 2008 ISBN 978 0 8091 4527 0 Davidson R Theodore Chicano prisoners the key to San Quentin New York Holt Rinehart and Winston 1974 ISBN 0 03 091616 X Duffy Clinton T and Dean Southern Jennings The San Quentin story Garden City NY Doubleday 1950 Lamott Kenneth Church Chronicles of San Quentin the biography of a prison New York D McKay Co 1961 Leibert Julius A and Emily Kingsbery Behind bars what a chaplain saw in Alcatraz Folsom and San Quentin Garden City NY Doubleday 1965 Leshne Carla San Quentin Prison The Origins of the California Corrections System FoundSF San Quentin Prison The Origins of the California Corrections System FoundSF Liberatore Paul The road to hell the true story of George Jackson Stephen Bingham and the San Quentin Massacre New York Atlantic Monthly Press 1996 ISBN 0 87113 647 3 Nichols Nancy Ann James Delahunty and Alan Hammond Nichols San Quentin inside the walls San Quentin CA San Quentin Museum Press 1991 ISBN 0 9630115 2 9 Owen Barbara A The reproduction of social control a study of prison workers at San Quentin New York Praeger 1988 ISBN 0 275 92818 7 Tannenbaum Judith Disguised as a poem my years teaching poetry at San Quentin Boston Northeastern University Press 2000 ISBN 1 55553 453 8 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Quentin State Prison California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation News Accessed 6 January 2008 California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Official website Canadian Coalition Against the Death Penalty Life on death row at San Quentin Prison Clark Richard The gas chamber Accessed 6 January 2008 Online Archive of California Views of San Quentin Prison and Events ca 1925 1935 San Quentin News California s only inmate produced newspaper San Quentin State Prison Official webpage San Quentin State Prison Video Clip San Quentin T R U S T to motivate educate prepare and assist men in prison Urban Strategies Council San Quentin Community and Prison Health Project San Quentin News Sanquentinblog com Portals California San Francisco Bay Area Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title San Quentin State Prison amp oldid 1153040621, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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