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Romanian Air Force

The Romanian Air Force (RoAF) (Romanian: Forțele Aeriene Române) is the air force branch of the Romanian Armed Forces. It has an air force headquarters, an operational command, five airbases and an air defense brigade. Reserve forces include one air base and three airfields.

Romanian Air Force
Forțele Aeriene Române
Emblem of the Romanian Air Force
Founded
  • 1 April 1913; 111 years ago (1913-04-01)
  • 1 January 1924 as an independent force category[1]
Country Romania
TypeAir force
RoleAerial warfare
Size11,700 personnel
Part ofRomanian Armed Forces
HeadquartersBucharest
Anniversaries20 July[2]
Commanders
Chief of the Air Force StaffMajor general Leonard-Gabriel Baraboi[3]
Insignia
Roundel
Military colors
Identification flag (obverse)
Aircraft flown
AttackIAR 330 SOCAT
FighterF-16AM MLU
ReconnaissanceAntonov An-30, RQ-7 Shadow
TrainerF-16BM, IAR 99, Iak-52, IAR 316
TransportAntonov An-26, C-130 Hercules, C-27J Spartan, IAR 330L/M Puma

In 2022, the Romanian Air Force employed 11,700 personnel.[4]

Current state edit

 
Romanian F-16 at the 86th Fetești Air Force Base

Currently, the Romanian Air Force operates the F-16 Fighting Falcon multirole aircraft. The old MiG-21 LanceRs, modernized in cooperation with Israel between 1993 and 2002, were retired on 15 May 2023.[5] The Romanian Air Force also operates C-130 Hercules, C-27J Spartan and An-26 transport airplanes and IAR 330 helicopters. IAR 330 Puma SOCAT helicopters have been modernized by the Romanian Aviation Industry in cooperation with Elbit Systems (Israel) for attack missions. The Romanian Air Force also includes locally built IAR 99 Șoim jet planes, in general only used for training of the young pilots.

Due to the old age of the MiGs, the Romanian Air Force procured fighters from partner states. In 2013, Romania signed a contract with Portugal for 12 F-16 A/B Block 15 MLU fighters.[6] Under the Peace Carpathian program, the first six fighters entered service with the Romanian Air Force in September 2016, another three have been delivered in November and the last three have entered service in 2017. Romania signed a contract in 2019 with Portugal for another 5 F-16 A/B Block 15 MLU fighters, which were delivered until March 2021.[7][8]

Another contract, announced in December 2021,[9] for an additional 32 F-16s was signed with Norway for €388 million. The first delivery of Norwegian F-16s is set for 2023, while a second delivery is set for 2024. Under the contract, the F-16s will undergo the modification to the M6.5.2 Romanian configuration with US support before delivery. Kongsberg Aviation Maintenance Services will provide support, maintenance and training of Romanian technical personnel.[10][11]

On 2 February 2022, the President of Romania stated its intent to purchase the fifth-generation F-35 joint strike fighter as part of its Air Force modernization, which plans to spend a total of 9.8 billion euros until 2026 to boost its defense capabilities.[12] On 11 April 2023, the Romanian Supreme Council of National Defense (CSAT) approved the F-35 acquisition plan. This process can take at least 5 years, and the operational capability for the F-35 is set to be achieved after 2030.[13]

On 23 May, the MiG-21 LanceRs resumed flights after being suspended on 15 April 2022. The LanceR will continue to fly for a period of one year, until 15 May 2023 after which they will be replaced by the F-16s purchased from Norway.[14]

In July 2023, following a CSAT meeting, the plan of hosting an F-16 training center in Romania was approved. The aim is for this center to become a regional training hub for Romanian and other allied fighter pilots, including Ukrainians.[15] To support this decision, an international coalition of 11 nations (Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Canada, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden and the United Kingdom),[16] as well as Ukraine was formed during the 2023 Vilnius summit. Lockheed Martin and its subcontractor Draken International will also support the project. As part of this initiative, Romania is providing the necessary infrastructure of the 86th Air Base, the Netherlands is to provide the F-16 aircraft, and Draken International will provide the instructors and technicians. The center will become operational at the end of the year, however, training might start at the beginning of 2024 according to Ray Piselli, vice president at Lockheed Martin Global.[17][18]

The current chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff, succeeding Lieutenant General Viorel Pană on 29 November 2023, is Major general Leonard-Gabriel Baraboi.[3]

History edit

 
A. Vlaicu Nr. I at military exercises 27 Sept. 1910

Beginnings edit

In 1818, during the reign of John Caradja, the prince of Wallachia, an unmanned hot air balloon was flown off Dealul Spirii in Bucharest.[19] On 2 July [O.S. 20 June] 1874, Marius Willemot, the owner of the hydrogen balloon named "Mihai Bravul" flew together with Majors Iacob Lahovary, Constantin Poenaru and Dumitrescu over Bucharest. The last flight took place on 19 [O.S. 7 July] 1874, Willemot flying together with Colonel Nicolae Haralambie, Ion Ghica and a third person. The balloon had made its first flight at Paris on 27 March of the same year.[20]

On 20 November 1909, the Chitila Piloting School was formed as a joint venture by Mihail Cerchez. The school, conducted by French flight instructors, had five hangars, bleachers for spectators and workshops where the Farman airplanes were built under license. The school opened on 9 July 1910, when the chief flight instructor and director of the school René Guillemin crashed a Farman III biplane from a height of 40 metres (130 ft) during a demonstration flight and broke his leg.

Guillemin was succeeded by Michel-Paul Molla who made the first flight across Bucharest on 7 September 1910. Molla was succeeded by two others before the school closed in late 1912 due to financial difficulties, having trained six officers, but only licensed two.[21]

In November 1909, the Romanian Minister of War commissioned Aurel Vlaicu to build the A. Vlaicu I airplane at the Bucharest Army Arsenal which first flew on 17 June 1910. On 28 September during the Fall military exercise, Vlaicu flew his airplane from Slatina to Piatra Olt carrying a message, Romania thus becoming one of the first countries to use airplanes for military purposes.[22] Along with other Romanian pilots, Vlaicu flew reconnaissance missions during the Second Balkan War.[23][24][25] Vlaicu III, the first metal aircraft in the world, was completed after his death, in May 1914.[26]

World War I edit

 
A Romanian Nieuport 11. The blue color on the tail appears nearly white in the black and white photograph.

On the eve of Romania's entrance into the war in August 1916, only 24 out of the 44 aircraft that had been imported and assembled at RGA were available. Another 20 aircraft were provided by the flight schools. The total of 44 aircraft included: 10 Bristol T.B.8, 7 Bristol Coanda Monoplanes, 5 Blériot XI, 4 Farman HF.20, 8 Farman MF.7 and MF.11, 4 Voisin III, 4 Morane-Saulnier monoplanes, 1 Caudron G.3 and 1 Aviatik C.I.[27][28][29][a] Added to these were two native-made monoplanes designed by Aurel Vlaicu.[30] One of the Vlaicu monoplanes, A Vlaicu II, crashed in 1913, while the A Vlaicu I was retired in 1914, leaving A Vlaicu III as the sole Romanian-made aircraft in the Romanian Air Corps.[31]

During World War I, Romania acquired 322 aircraft from France and ex-RNAS aircraft from Great Britain including Nieuport 11 and 17 single seat fighters and Morane-Saulnier LA and Nieuport 12 two seat fighters, Caudron G.3, Henry Farman HF.20, Farman MF.11, and Farman F.40 & 46 artillery observation and reconnaissance aircraft, Caudron G.4, Breguet-Michelin BLM and Voisin LA bombers.[32] On 16 September 1916, a Romanian Farman F.40 downed an Imperial German Air Service aircraft near Slobozia; this was the first Romanian aerial victory. By the end of World War I, Romanian pilots had flown about 11,000 hours and 750 missions; however, it was unable to prevent the December 1916 Romanian offensive at the Battle of the Argeș from being defeated, which resulted in the occupation of southern Romania, and the armistice on 6 December 1917 following the Russian revolution.[33]

World War II edit

 
A pair of IAR 80 fighters on patrol during World War II

When Romania, allied with Nazi Germany, went to war against the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, the Romanian Air Force had 621 airplanes, including its locally made fighter IAR 80/81. The air force accomplished hundreds of missions, contributing to Romania's recapture of Northern Bucovina and Bessarabia, which had been occupied by the Soviet Union a year earlier. By the end of the Siege of Odesa, the Romanian military fighters claimed about 600 air victories.[34] Romanian Military Aviation fought on the Eastern Front until 22 August 1944, bringing an important contribution to the great battles at Stalingrad, in Crimea, and the Ukrainian fronts. Between 1941 and 1944, Romanian aircraft won 2,000 air victories. The most famous flying aces were Captain Prince Constantin Cantacuzino, who gained 69 certified victories, Captain Alexandru Șerbănescu, who shot down 60 enemy airplanes, and Captain Horia Agarici.

In the aftermath of King Michael's Coup of 23 August 1944, Romania turned against Germany and joined the Allies.

Cold War edit

 
A pair of Romanian MiG-21 fighters, late 1970s

Starting in 1948, Romania tailored its military to Soviet concepts and doctrine. On 15 February 1949, the Aviation Command was established based on the Soviet model (regiments instead of flotillas). In the following years, new Soviet aircraft, such as Yakovlev Yak-18, Polikarpov Po-2, Lavochkin La-9, Tupolev Tu-2, and Ilyushin Il-10 entered service. In 1951, 9 Yakovlev Yak-17s and Yak-23s entered the air force, and in 1952, another 88 MiG-15 aircraft. In 1958, the first supersonic fighter MiG-19 entered the inventory. Three years later, in February 1962, a new fighter was added to the inventory, the MiG-21, which represented one of the most effective fighters of that time.[35]

Starting in 1974, Romanian-made aircraft supplemented the already existing jets. The Romanian IAR-93 attack aircraft flew its first flight on 31 October 1974. It represented a great step forward taking into account that it was the only jet fighter not made by the Soviets, the only one ever manufactured and operated by a Warsaw Pact country.[36]

In 1962, the first helicopter subunits were established and followed later on, in 1965, by the first Soviet Mi-2 and Mi-4 helicopters. From 1968, Mi-8 helicopters will also enter service.[37] Renewing the aircraft fleet process went on with the first 2 MiG-23s arriving on 23 January 1979.[38]

On 14 May 1981, at 20:16, the Soviet spaceship Soyuz-40 was launched from Baikonur to perform a common Romanian-Soviet flight, with Lieutenant Dumitru Prunariu and Colonel Leonid Popov as commander on board. During the early 1980s, the 67th Fighter-Bomber Regiment and the 49th Fighter-Bomber Regiment from Craiova and Ianca were equipped with new IAR-93s, which replaced old MiG-15s and MiG-17s. In December 1989, just a few days before the Romanian revolution against communism began, MiG-29 aircraft entered the Air Force inventory. Initially, 45 MiG-29s were ordered but only 21 were delivered, with the rest of the order being cancelled. The MiG-29s were assigned to the 2nd and 3rd Squadrons of the 57th Fighter Regiment located at the Mihail Kogălniceanu Airport.[39]

Post-1990 edit

 
The MiG-29 was withdrawn in 2003

In 1990, the last MiG-15 fighters were retired from the 49th Aviation Regiment, located at Ianca. In 1992, production of the IAR-93 was stopped following the start of the Yugoslav Civil Wars. The last IAR-93s were retired in 1998. By 1 June 1995 the Air Force dropped the communist era regimental system in favor of a system consisting of Air Bases, Groups and Squadrons.[40]

Due to financial constraints, being unable to purchase new fighers, the Romanian Air Force decided to invest in the upgrade of the MiG-21 fighters. Following a competition between several companies, the Israeli company Elbit was chosen, and the MiG-21M and MF/MF-75 versions were selected. The program was originally called the "DD program" as a tribute to the fighter pilot and writer Doru Davidovici, who died in a MiG-21 crash in 1989. The upgrade program was later renamed to "Lancer", designated as "LanceR" with capital "R" in Romania.[40] The first flight of an upgraded MiG, a LanceR 'A' ground attack variant, took place on 22 August 1995.[41]

The Romanian MiG-29 fleet was also intended to undergo modernization under a project named "Sniper" done by DASA, Aerostar and Elbit. The first flight took place on 5 May 2000 and the prototype was presented at ILA 2000.[42][43] However, the modernization project was canceled due to various reasons and the MiG-29s were retired.[44]

Following its entry into the Partnership for Peace program in 1994, Romania started cooperating with other countries with the goal of eventually joining NATO. For this, Romanian Air Force aircraft participated in many local or abroad exercises and airshows. Before joining NATO, the 86th Group at Borcea started to convert into a NATO compatible unit by making improvements to the base's infrastructure, allowing its pilots to fly a fair amount of training hours and work according to NATO procedures.[40]

During the period of reorganization, starting from the year 2000, other aircraft models such as the MiG-23 fighters, the Harbin H-5 bombers and the IAR 823 and L-39 Albatros trainers were retired, the latter of which was retired in 2007.[40][45] Along with the retiring of airplanes, several bases were disbanded as well, including the Alexeni Airfield, the 49th Air Base from Ianca and the 91st Air Base from Deveselu. The 93rd Air Base from Timișoara was also disbanded and currently serves as an annex to the 71st Air Base.[40]

In the spring of 2009, the Romanian government decided to purchase VSHORAD/SHORAD systems from France.[46] The deal included Mistral MANPADS and MICA VL surface-to-air missiles.[47] However, after preliminary talks with MBDA in August, the deal was put on hold and canceled afterwards because of the defense cuts.[48]

In February 2010, the Supreme Council of National Defense signed an agreement with the United States for missile defence under whose terms land-based SM-3 systems would be installed in Romania. On 3 May 2011, the president of Romania Traian Băsescu announced the location for the SM-3 systems: former Air Force base Deveselu in Olt County.[49] The system includes 3 batteries with 24 SM-3 Block I rockets, manned by approximately 200 US soldiers (with a maximum of 500) initially under Romanian Air Force overall command.[49] The Deveselu Aegis Ashore site was declared operational on 13 May 2016.[50]

2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine edit

On the starting day of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, two F-16s from the 53rd Fighter Squadron were sent to intercept a Sukhoi Su-27 of the Ukrainian Air Force that was approaching Romanian airspace. The Su-27 was escorted to the 95th Air Base where the pilot was taken by Romanian authorities.[51] The Ukrainian Minister of Defence, Oleksiy Reznikov, quickly apologized for this event and requested the return of the airplane and its pilot. After a maintenance team from Ukraine fixed the technical issues of the fighter,[52] the aircraft was returned without its weapons on 1 March, being escorted by two MiG-21 LanceRs to the border where other Ukrainian airplanes took over.[53][54]

On 2 March 2022, a MiG-21 LanceR was lost while on an air patrol inside Romanian airspace near Cogealac, 60 miles from the Ukrainian border. This "occurred amid increased air police missions in Romania after the Russian invasion of Ukraine." An IAR 330 on a search and rescue mission for the missing MiG-21 crashed with seven fatalities.[55][56] The eight servicemen who died in the two accidents were posthumously promoted and decorated by the president of Romania.[57] Shortly after, fake news claiming that the Romanian MiG was shot down by Ukrainian S-300 missile systems appeared. These claims were officially refuted.[58] The preliminary analysis published on 23 March showed that the crashes occurred due to human and environmental factors.[59]

As of 13 December 2022, Romanian Air Force and allied aircraft took part in more than 150 air policing missions since the start of Russia's invasion. The majority of the missions involved Russian aircraft approaching Romanian airspace. Other missions involved coordinating civilian aircraft which had reported bomb threats or after their communications were interrupted.[60]

International deployments edit

 
Romanian MiG-21 of the Baltica 07 Detachment ready for a night mission

2007 Baltic Air Policing edit

Four MiG-21 LanceR Cs were deployed from August–November 2007 at Šiauliai Air Base in Lithuania for Baltic Air Policing. The Romanian detachment succeeded the French Air Force Mirage 2000Cs of Escadron de Chasse 01.012 from Cambrai, which fulfilled the Baltic Air Policing since May 2007. Once the RoAF finished its three-month stint, a Portuguese Air Force detachment took over the mission.[61]

The four aircraft and most of the staff came from the 71st Air Base. A total of 67 personnel, among them nine pilots, were part of the detachment: 63 served at Šiauliai, while other four served at the air traffic control centre in Kaunas, to ensure smooth cooperation with local authorities. The Romanian detachment attracted attention from the local media, not least from the fact that it was only the second time a Soviet-era jet fighter was deployed to Šiauliai (Polish Air Force MiG-29s had been deployed there first in 2006).[62]

2019–2020 mission to Mali edit

From October 2019 to November 2020, the Carpathian Pumas detachment of the 572nd Helicopter Squadron was deployed to Mali as part of MINUSMA. The detachment consisted of four IAR 330L helicopters and 120 personnel deployed on two rotations which took part in MEDEVAC, CASEVAC, troop and materiel transport, air patrol, and reconnaissance missions.[63] By the end of the mission to Mali, the detachment flew over 380 missions, of which approximately 100 transport missions, 200 reconnaissance missions, and 18 medical missions during which more than 40 patients were evacuated. It operated in the UN sectors in the Mopti and Kidal regions.[64]

One IAR 330 was damaged in August 2020. It was located at the Douentza base when the helicopter was overturned by a storm. No injuries occurred as a result of the accident.[65]

2023 Baltic Air Policing edit

In November 2022, it was announced that Romanian F-16s were to participate in the Baltic Air Policing missions between April and July 2023.[66] The Carpathian Vipers detachment was established 14 March 2023. It was formed by four F-16 and 100 servicemen primarily from the 53rd Fighter Squadron of the 86th Air Base, and was led by Commander Cosmin Vlad.[67][68] The Romanian detachment was deployed together with a Portuguese detachment, taking over the Baltic Air Policing mission from the previous French and Polish detachments.[69]

The deployment ended on 31 July, with the Romanian F-16s being succeeded by a detachment of Italian Eurofighter Typhoons.[70] The repatriation ceremony for the personnel took place on 8 August at the 86th Air Base.[71] Between April and July, the Romanian fighters intercepted over 60 Russian aircraft and participated in various multinational exercises totaling 600 fight hours.[72]

Structure edit

Air Force General Staff edit

The Romanian Air Force General Staff represents the military concept-developing, command and executive structure providing Air Forces peacetime, crisis and wartime leadership in order to reach, maintain and increase, as required, the operational level of the military subordinated structures so that to be able to operate under authorized commands responsible for military operations planning and conduct.

Generate, mobilize, structure, equip, operationalize and regenerate the required forces, provide the logistic support necessary to conduct military operations and based on higher orders, take over both the Joint Operation Air Component and independent air operations command and control, through the Main Air Operational Center. Starting with 1 July 2010, the Romanian Air Force bases were renamed to Air Flotillas.[73] The names were kept until 1 December 2013, when they were changed back to Air Bases.[74]

Units edit

class=notpageimage|
Romanian Air Force radar stations
  Fighter base   Helicopters   Other flying units
  AN/FPS-117(V) Radar station   Air Component Command   Air Signals and IT Centre
 
Alenia C-27J Spartan RoAF 90th Airlift Base

The current structure of the Romanian Air Force is as follows:[75]

 
A IAR 99 Șoim in 100th anniversary of aviation colours

Reserve air bases edit

Capu Midia Training Range edit

The Capu Midia Surface-to-air Training and Air-to-Surface Shooting Range provides firing training, execution and evaluation facilities. It is located in Constanța County, 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city of, Constanța.

Equipment edit

Aircraft edit

 
An F-16AM lands at Borcea Air Base
 
Romanian Air Force IAR 330 SOCAT
Aircraft Origin Type Variant In service Notes
Combat Aircraft
F-16 Fighting Falcon United States multirole F-16AM/BM 23[104][105][76] 26 surplus Norwegian units on order[106][107]

4 used for conversion training[104][105]

Reconnaissance
Antonov An-30 Soviet Union surveillance 2[104]
Transport
Antonov An-26 Soviet Union transport 1[104]
C-27J Spartan Italy transport 7[104]
C-130 Hercules United States tactical airlifter C-130B 8[108] 4 are H variants[104]
Helicopters
IAR 330 Romania utility / transport 57[104] 22 SOCAT used in a gunship role
Trainer Aircraft
IAR 99 Romania jet trainer 21[109]
IAR 316 Romania trainer / utility 7[104] Licensed built SA316B
Yakovlev Yak-52 Romania trainer 14[104]
UAV
RQ-7 Shadow United States surveillance Shadow 600 7[110] 11 initially, 4 crashed (1 in country, 3 in Iraq).

Note: Three C-17 Globemaster III and five RQ-4D are available through the Strategic Airlift Capability, and Alliance Ground Surveillance programs[111][112]

Air Defense edit

The Romanian Air Force also has several anti-aircraft systems:[113]

 
The first Romanian MIM-104 Patriot battery, 29 October 2020
Name Origin Type In service Notes
SAM
MIM-104 Patriot United States SAM system 4 batteries[114]
MIM-23 Hawk United States SAM system 8 batteries[113][115]
Air Defence Artillery
S-60 57mm Soviet Union Mobile anti-aircraft Towed gun[116]
Radars
P-14 Soviet Union Radar 2D VHF radar[117]
P-18 Soviet Union Radar 2-dimensional air search radar[118]
P-37 (radar) [ro] Soviet Union Radar E band/F band 2D radar[119]
PRV-13 [ro] Soviet Union Radar Radar altimeter[120]
AN/TPS-79(R) United States 3D radar 17 Medium range 3D radar- co-produced in Romania[121][122]
AN/FPS-117 United States 3D radar (5) FPS-117 / (7) TPS-77[123][124][125][126][127] Long-range 3D radar

Note: Additionally, five WSR-98D radars owned by the National Meteorological Administration are used for both civilian and military purposes[100][128]

Aircraft markings edit

The Romanian roundel uses the colours of the Romanian flag. It is used on Romanian Armed Forces vehicles and Romanian Air Force aircraft.

Ranks and insignia edit

Officers
NATO code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student officer
  Romanian Air Force[130]
                             
Mareșal General General-locotenent General-maior General de flotilă aeriană Comandor Căpitan-comandor Locotenent-comandor Căpitan Locotenent Sublocotenent
Enlisted
NATO code OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
  Romanian Air Force[130]
                     
Plutonier adjutant principal Plutonier adjutant Plutonier-major Plutonier Sergent-major Sergent Caporal clasa I Caporal clasa a II-a Caporal clasa a III-a Fruntaș Soldat

See also edit

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Using the numbers and airplane types from the 3 sources gives that the 20 aircraft from the flight schools were the 10 Bristol TB 8, the 7 Bristol Coanda and 3 Farman HF 20.

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ "Anul 1920". RoAF (in Romanian).
  2. ^ "Ziua Aviației Române și a Forțelor Aeriene. 100 de ani de aviație militară". Stiriletvr.ro. 24 December 2014. from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  3. ^ a b "Generalul-maior Leonard Baraboi este noul comandat al Forțelor Aeriene Române". Umbrela Strategică (in Romanian). 29 November 2023.
  4. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (February 2022). The Military Balance 2022. Routledge. pp. 140–141. ISBN 978-1032279008.
  5. ^ "Ultimele zboruri pentru aeronavele MiG-21 LanceR/ Ceremonii în mai multe baze aeriene din România". g4media.ro. 15 May 2023.
  6. ^ Cristian Fierbinteanu (11 October 2013). "România și Portugalia au semnat contractul de achiziţie a 12 avioane F-16. Primele avioane vor ajunge în ţară în 2016". Mediafax (in Romanian).
  7. ^ "Cinci ani de la intrarea oficială a avioanelor F-16 MLU în serviciul Forțelor Aeriene Române". RoAF (in Romanian).
  8. ^ "Carpathian Vipers". key.aero. 22 December 2016.
  9. ^ Dubois, Gastón (13 December 2021). "Romania wants to acquire 32 second-hand F-16 for US$ 514 million". aviacionline. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
  10. ^ "Norway signs F-16-contract with Romania". regjeringen.no (Norwegian Government). 4 November 2022.
  11. ^ "Procedura de atribuire a contractului pentru achiziția a 32 avioane F-16 din Norvegia a fost finalizată". mapn.ro - Ministerul Apărării Naționale (Ministry of National Defense) (in Romanian). 4 November 2022.
  12. ^ "Romania intends to buy F35 fighter jets - president". SeeNews. from the original on 5 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  13. ^ "România a aprobat planul de achiziție al F-35. Avioanele de generația a V-a, subiect principal în CSAT". Defense Romania (in Romanian). 11 April 2023.
  14. ^ "Zborurile MiG-21 LanceR, reluate pentru o perioadă de un an. Misiuni pentru menținerea antrenamentului piloților și poliție aeriană". Defense Romania (in Romanian). 24 May 2022.
  15. ^ "România devine oficial centru regional de F-16. Piloții români, ucraineni și aliați vor fi pregătiți aici". DefenseRomania (in Romanian). 6 July 2023.
  16. ^ "Group of 11 countries forms coalition for training Ukrainian pilots on F-16 fighters". Ukrainska Pravda. 11 July 2023.
  17. ^ "Centrul pentru pregătirea piloţilor de F-16 de la Feteşti, organizat de România, Olanda şi o companie americană". TVR (in Romanian). 14 July 2023.
  18. ^ "Șeful Armatei României: Hub-ul pentru F-16 va fi în primul rând pentru antrenarea piloților români. România pune la punct ultimele detalii, inclusiv cu implicarea Lockheed Martin". DefenseRomania (in Romanian). 15 July 2023.
  19. ^ Horia Salca. "Dr. Horia Salca". from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  20. ^ Ioan Vasile Buiu (2007). "1874: Balonul "Mihai-Bravul" şi Ascensiunile Sale" (PDF) (in Romanian).
  21. ^ Ralph S. Cooper, D.V.M. "Gheorghe Negrescu". from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  22. ^ Gheorghiu, 1960, p.101
  23. ^ "Aviația Magazin – Blog Archive Momente din istoria aviației militare române (II) – Aviația Magazin". Aviația Magazin. 13 January 2013. from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  24. ^ "Aviația Magazin Blog – Archive Momente din istoria aviației române (III) – Aviația Magazin". Aviația Magazin. 18 January 2013. from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  25. ^ "Momente din istoria aviatiei militare romane". 5 January 2013. from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  26. ^ Jozef Wilczynski, Technology in Comecon: Acceleration of Technological Progress Through Economic Planning and the Market, p. 243
  27. ^ Keith Hitchins, Clarendon Press, 1994, Rumania 1866–1947, p. 262
  28. ^ Ronald L. Tarnstrom, Trogen Books, 1998, Balkan Battles, p. 326
  29. ^ Avram, Valeriu; Armă, Alexandru (2018). Aeronautica română în Războiul de Întregire naţională 1916-1919 (in Romanian). Editura Vremea. p. 5.
  30. ^ William Green, John Fricker, MacDonald, 1958, The Air Forces of the World: Their History, Development, and Present Strength, p. 234
  31. ^ Dan Antoniu (2014). Illustrated History of Romanian Aeronautics. p. 25. ISBN 978-973-0-17209-6.
  32. ^ Green, 1971, p.25-26
  33. ^ Green, 1971, p.26
  34. ^ Bernád 2003, p. 22.
  35. ^ Paul Sandachi (2001). Aviația de luptă reactivă în România: 1951 - 2001 (in Romanian). Muzeul Aviației.
  36. ^ The Report: Romania 2008. Oxford Business Group. 2008. p. 134. ISBN 9781902339856.
  37. ^ Trustul de Presă al MApN (14 December 2020). "Cum a început România să construiască elicoptere". presamil.ro (in Romanian).
  38. ^ Petre Opris (12 October 2015). "Cum au ajuns avioanele sovietice MIG-23 in Romania si cum voia Ceausescu sa fabrice tancuri pentru pietele externe". HotNews (in Romanian).
  39. ^ Vlad Anton. "Un exponat unicat: MiG-29 Sniper". Historia (in Romanian).
  40. ^ a b c d e . Scramble (NL). Archived from the original on 28 December 2005.
  41. ^ . Aripi Argintii (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 26 October 2018.
  42. ^ "MiG-ul 29 Sniper a ajuns la Berlin fara escala". Ziarul de Iași (in Romanian). 6 June 2000.
  43. ^ "Multinational team tackles Sniper upgrade project". FlightGlobal. 27 July 2000.
  44. ^ Tudor Curtifan (25 October 2021). "Armata României, după 30 de ani: De la MiG-29 la F-16. Ce s-a schimbat din 1989 până în prezent" (in Romanian).
  45. ^ . Aripi Argintii (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
  46. ^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's – IHS". from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
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Bibliography edit

  • Bernád, Dénes (2003). Rumanian Aces of World War 2 (Aircraft of the Aces 54). Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1841765358.
  • Bernád, Dénes (1999). Rumanian Air Force: The Prime Decade, 1938–1947. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc. ISBN 0897474023.
  • Craciunoiu, Cristian (February 2002). "Deux des Savoia..." [Two of Savoia...]. Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (107): 7–16. ISSN 1243-8650.
  • Crăciunoiu, Cristian; Roba, Jean-Louis (2003). Romanian Aeronautics in the Second World War, 1941–1945. București, Romania: Editura Modelism International. ISBN 973-8101182. (bilingual Romanian/English)
  • Green, W.; Swanborough, G., eds. (June 1971). "Oil Well Top Cover – Sixty Years of Rumanian Military Aviation". Air Enthusiast. 1 (1): 25–26.

External links edit

  • Official site of the Romanian Ministry of National Defense (MoND)

romanian, force, roaf, redirects, here, surname, roaf, roaf, romanian, forțele, aeriene, române, force, branch, romanian, armed, forces, force, headquarters, operational, command, five, airbases, defense, brigade, reserve, forces, include, base, three, airfiel. RoAF redirects here For the surname see Roaf The Romanian Air Force RoAF Romanian Forțele Aeriene Romane is the air force branch of the Romanian Armed Forces It has an air force headquarters an operational command five airbases and an air defense brigade Reserve forces include one air base and three airfields Romanian Air ForceForțele Aeriene RomaneEmblem of the Romanian Air ForceFounded1 April 1913 111 years ago 1913 04 01 1 January 1924 as an independent force category 1 Country RomaniaTypeAir forceRoleAerial warfareSize11 700 personnelPart ofRomanian Armed ForcesHeadquartersBucharestAnniversaries20 July 2 CommandersChief of the Air Force StaffMajor general Leonard Gabriel Baraboi 3 InsigniaRoundelMilitary colorsIdentification flag obverse Aircraft flownAttackIAR 330 SOCATFighterF 16AM MLUReconnaissanceAntonov An 30 RQ 7 ShadowTrainerF 16BM IAR 99 Iak 52 IAR 316TransportAntonov An 26 C 130 Hercules C 27J Spartan IAR 330L M Puma In 2022 the Romanian Air Force employed 11 700 personnel 4 Contents 1 Current state 2 History 2 1 Beginnings 2 2 World War I 2 3 World War II 2 4 Cold War 2 5 Post 1990 2 5 1 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine 3 International deployments 3 1 2007 Baltic Air Policing 3 2 2019 2020 mission to Mali 3 3 2023 Baltic Air Policing 4 Structure 4 1 Air Force General Staff 4 2 Units 4 3 Reserve air bases 4 4 Capu Midia Training Range 5 Equipment 5 1 Aircraft 5 2 Air Defense 6 Aircraft markings 7 Ranks and insignia 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Notes 9 2 Footnotes 9 3 Bibliography 10 External linksCurrent state edit nbsp Romanian F 16 at the 86th Fetești Air Force Base Currently the Romanian Air Force operates the F 16 Fighting Falcon multirole aircraft The old MiG 21 LanceRs modernized in cooperation with Israel between 1993 and 2002 were retired on 15 May 2023 5 The Romanian Air Force also operates C 130 Hercules C 27J Spartan and An 26 transport airplanes and IAR 330 helicopters IAR 330 Puma SOCAT helicopters have been modernized by the Romanian Aviation Industry in cooperation with Elbit Systems Israel for attack missions The Romanian Air Force also includes locally built IAR 99 Șoim jet planes in general only used for training of the young pilots Due to the old age of the MiGs the Romanian Air Force procured fighters from partner states In 2013 Romania signed a contract with Portugal for 12 F 16 A B Block 15 MLU fighters 6 Under the Peace Carpathian program the first six fighters entered service with the Romanian Air Force in September 2016 another three have been delivered in November and the last three have entered service in 2017 Romania signed a contract in 2019 with Portugal for another 5 F 16 A B Block 15 MLU fighters which were delivered until March 2021 7 8 Another contract announced in December 2021 9 for an additional 32 F 16s was signed with Norway for 388 million The first delivery of Norwegian F 16s is set for 2023 while a second delivery is set for 2024 Under the contract the F 16s will undergo the modification to the M6 5 2 Romanian configuration with US support before delivery Kongsberg Aviation Maintenance Services will provide support maintenance and training of Romanian technical personnel 10 11 On 2 February 2022 the President of Romania stated its intent to purchase the fifth generation F 35 joint strike fighter as part of its Air Force modernization which plans to spend a total of 9 8 billion euros until 2026 to boost its defense capabilities 12 On 11 April 2023 the Romanian Supreme Council of National Defense CSAT approved the F 35 acquisition plan This process can take at least 5 years and the operational capability for the F 35 is set to be achieved after 2030 13 On 23 May the MiG 21 LanceRs resumed flights after being suspended on 15 April 2022 The LanceR will continue to fly for a period of one year until 15 May 2023 after which they will be replaced by the F 16s purchased from Norway 14 In July 2023 following a CSAT meeting the plan of hosting an F 16 training center in Romania was approved The aim is for this center to become a regional training hub for Romanian and other allied fighter pilots including Ukrainians 15 To support this decision an international coalition of 11 nations Denmark the Netherlands Belgium Canada Luxembourg Norway Poland Portugal Romania Sweden and the United Kingdom 16 as well as Ukraine was formed during the 2023 Vilnius summit Lockheed Martin and its subcontractor Draken International will also support the project As part of this initiative Romania is providing the necessary infrastructure of the 86th Air Base the Netherlands is to provide the F 16 aircraft and Draken International will provide the instructors and technicians The center will become operational at the end of the year however training might start at the beginning of 2024 according to Ray Piselli vice president at Lockheed Martin Global 17 18 The current chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff succeeding Lieutenant General Viorel Pană on 29 November 2023 is Major general Leonard Gabriel Baraboi 3 History edit nbsp A Vlaicu Nr I at military exercises 27 Sept 1910 Beginnings edit In 1818 during the reign of John Caradja the prince of Wallachia an unmanned hot air balloon was flown off Dealul Spirii in Bucharest 19 On 2 July O S 20 June 1874 Marius Willemot the owner of the hydrogen balloon named Mihai Bravul flew together with Majors Iacob Lahovary Constantin Poenaru and Dumitrescu over Bucharest The last flight took place on 19 O S 7 July 1874 Willemot flying together with Colonel Nicolae Haralambie Ion Ghica and a third person The balloon had made its first flight at Paris on 27 March of the same year 20 On 20 November 1909 the Chitila Piloting School was formed as a joint venture by Mihail Cerchez The school conducted by French flight instructors had five hangars bleachers for spectators and workshops where the Farman airplanes were built under license The school opened on 9 July 1910 when the chief flight instructor and director of the school Rene Guillemin crashed a Farman III biplane from a height of 40 metres 130 ft during a demonstration flight and broke his leg Guillemin was succeeded by Michel Paul Molla who made the first flight across Bucharest on 7 September 1910 Molla was succeeded by two others before the school closed in late 1912 due to financial difficulties having trained six officers but only licensed two 21 In November 1909 the Romanian Minister of War commissioned Aurel Vlaicu to build the A Vlaicu I airplane at the Bucharest Army Arsenal which first flew on 17 June 1910 On 28 September during the Fall military exercise Vlaicu flew his airplane from Slatina to Piatra Olt carrying a message Romania thus becoming one of the first countries to use airplanes for military purposes 22 Along with other Romanian pilots Vlaicu flew reconnaissance missions during the Second Balkan War 23 24 25 Vlaicu III the first metal aircraft in the world was completed after his death in May 1914 26 World War I edit nbsp A Romanian Nieuport 11 The blue color on the tail appears nearly white in the black and white photograph Main article Romanian Air Corps On the eve of Romania s entrance into the war in August 1916 only 24 out of the 44 aircraft that had been imported and assembled at RGA were available Another 20 aircraft were provided by the flight schools The total of 44 aircraft included 10 Bristol T B 8 7 Bristol Coanda Monoplanes 5 Bleriot XI 4 Farman HF 20 8 Farman MF 7 and MF 11 4 Voisin III 4 Morane Saulnier monoplanes 1 Caudron G 3 and 1 Aviatik C I 27 28 29 a Added to these were two native made monoplanes designed by Aurel Vlaicu 30 One of the Vlaicu monoplanes A Vlaicu II crashed in 1913 while the A Vlaicu I was retired in 1914 leaving A Vlaicu III as the sole Romanian made aircraft in the Romanian Air Corps 31 During World War I Romania acquired 322 aircraft from France and ex RNAS aircraft from Great Britain including Nieuport 11 and 17 single seat fighters and Morane Saulnier LA and Nieuport 12 two seat fighters Caudron G 3 Henry Farman HF 20 Farman MF 11 and Farman F 40 amp 46 artillery observation and reconnaissance aircraft Caudron G 4 Breguet Michelin BLM and Voisin LA bombers 32 On 16 September 1916 a Romanian Farman F 40 downed an Imperial German Air Service aircraft near Slobozia this was the first Romanian aerial victory By the end of World War I Romanian pilots had flown about 11 000 hours and 750 missions however it was unable to prevent the December 1916 Romanian offensive at the Battle of the Argeș from being defeated which resulted in the occupation of southern Romania and the armistice on 6 December 1917 following the Russian revolution 33 World War II edit nbsp A pair of IAR 80 fighters on patrol during World War II Main article Royal Romanian Air Force See also Western Allied Campaign in Romania When Romania allied with Nazi Germany went to war against the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 the Romanian Air Force had 621 airplanes including its locally made fighter IAR 80 81 The air force accomplished hundreds of missions contributing to Romania s recapture of Northern Bucovina and Bessarabia which had been occupied by the Soviet Union a year earlier By the end of the Siege of Odesa the Romanian military fighters claimed about 600 air victories 34 Romanian Military Aviation fought on the Eastern Front until 22 August 1944 bringing an important contribution to the great battles at Stalingrad in Crimea and the Ukrainian fronts Between 1941 and 1944 Romanian aircraft won 2 000 air victories The most famous flying aces were Captain Prince Constantin Cantacuzino who gained 69 certified victories Captain Alexandru Șerbănescu who shot down 60 enemy airplanes and Captain Horia Agarici In the aftermath of King Michael s Coup of 23 August 1944 Romania turned against Germany and joined the Allies Cold War edit nbsp A pair of Romanian MiG 21 fighters late 1970s See also Army of the Socialist Republic of Romania Air Force Starting in 1948 Romania tailored its military to Soviet concepts and doctrine On 15 February 1949 the Aviation Command was established based on the Soviet model regiments instead of flotillas In the following years new Soviet aircraft such as Yakovlev Yak 18 Polikarpov Po 2 Lavochkin La 9 Tupolev Tu 2 and Ilyushin Il 10 entered service In 1951 9 Yakovlev Yak 17s and Yak 23s entered the air force and in 1952 another 88 MiG 15 aircraft In 1958 the first supersonic fighter MiG 19 entered the inventory Three years later in February 1962 a new fighter was added to the inventory the MiG 21 which represented one of the most effective fighters of that time 35 Starting in 1974 Romanian made aircraft supplemented the already existing jets The Romanian IAR 93 attack aircraft flew its first flight on 31 October 1974 It represented a great step forward taking into account that it was the only jet fighter not made by the Soviets the only one ever manufactured and operated by a Warsaw Pact country 36 In 1962 the first helicopter subunits were established and followed later on in 1965 by the first Soviet Mi 2 and Mi 4 helicopters From 1968 Mi 8 helicopters will also enter service 37 Renewing the aircraft fleet process went on with the first 2 MiG 23s arriving on 23 January 1979 38 On 14 May 1981 at 20 16 the Soviet spaceship Soyuz 40 was launched from Baikonur to perform a common Romanian Soviet flight with Lieutenant Dumitru Prunariu and Colonel Leonid Popov as commander on board During the early 1980s the 67th Fighter Bomber Regiment and the 49th Fighter Bomber Regiment from Craiova and Ianca were equipped with new IAR 93s which replaced old MiG 15s and MiG 17s In December 1989 just a few days before the Romanian revolution against communism began MiG 29 aircraft entered the Air Force inventory Initially 45 MiG 29s were ordered but only 21 were delivered with the rest of the order being cancelled The MiG 29s were assigned to the 2nd and 3rd Squadrons of the 57th Fighter Regiment located at the Mihail Kogălniceanu Airport 39 Post 1990 edit nbsp The MiG 29 was withdrawn in 2003 In 1990 the last MiG 15 fighters were retired from the 49th Aviation Regiment located at Ianca In 1992 production of the IAR 93 was stopped following the start of the Yugoslav Civil Wars The last IAR 93s were retired in 1998 By 1 June 1995 the Air Force dropped the communist era regimental system in favor of a system consisting of Air Bases Groups and Squadrons 40 Due to financial constraints being unable to purchase new fighers the Romanian Air Force decided to invest in the upgrade of the MiG 21 fighters Following a competition between several companies the Israeli company Elbit was chosen and the MiG 21M and MF MF 75 versions were selected The program was originally called the DD program as a tribute to the fighter pilot and writer Doru Davidovici who died in a MiG 21 crash in 1989 The upgrade program was later renamed to Lancer designated as LanceR with capital R in Romania 40 The first flight of an upgraded MiG a LanceR A ground attack variant took place on 22 August 1995 41 The Romanian MiG 29 fleet was also intended to undergo modernization under a project named Sniper done by DASA Aerostar and Elbit The first flight took place on 5 May 2000 and the prototype was presented at ILA 2000 42 43 However the modernization project was canceled due to various reasons and the MiG 29s were retired 44 Following its entry into the Partnership for Peace program in 1994 Romania started cooperating with other countries with the goal of eventually joining NATO For this Romanian Air Force aircraft participated in many local or abroad exercises and airshows Before joining NATO the 86th Group at Borcea started to convert into a NATO compatible unit by making improvements to the base s infrastructure allowing its pilots to fly a fair amount of training hours and work according to NATO procedures 40 During the period of reorganization starting from the year 2000 other aircraft models such as the MiG 23 fighters the Harbin H 5 bombers and the IAR 823 and L 39 Albatros trainers were retired the latter of which was retired in 2007 40 45 Along with the retiring of airplanes several bases were disbanded as well including the Alexeni Airfield the 49th Air Base from Ianca and the 91st Air Base from Deveselu The 93rd Air Base from Timișoara was also disbanded and currently serves as an annex to the 71st Air Base 40 In the spring of 2009 the Romanian government decided to purchase VSHORAD SHORAD systems from France 46 The deal included Mistral MANPADS and MICA VL surface to air missiles 47 However after preliminary talks with MBDA in August the deal was put on hold and canceled afterwards because of the defense cuts 48 In February 2010 the Supreme Council of National Defense signed an agreement with the United States for missile defence under whose terms land based SM 3 systems would be installed in Romania On 3 May 2011 the president of Romania Traian Băsescu announced the location for the SM 3 systems former Air Force base Deveselu in Olt County 49 The system includes 3 batteries with 24 SM 3 Block I rockets manned by approximately 200 US soldiers with a maximum of 500 initially under Romanian Air Force overall command 49 The Deveselu Aegis Ashore site was declared operational on 13 May 2016 50 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine edit On the starting day of the Russian invasion of Ukraine two F 16s from the 53rd Fighter Squadron were sent to intercept a Sukhoi Su 27 of the Ukrainian Air Force that was approaching Romanian airspace The Su 27 was escorted to the 95th Air Base where the pilot was taken by Romanian authorities 51 The Ukrainian Minister of Defence Oleksiy Reznikov quickly apologized for this event and requested the return of the airplane and its pilot After a maintenance team from Ukraine fixed the technical issues of the fighter 52 the aircraft was returned without its weapons on 1 March being escorted by two MiG 21 LanceRs to the border where other Ukrainian airplanes took over 53 54 On 2 March 2022 a MiG 21 LanceR was lost while on an air patrol inside Romanian airspace near Cogealac 60 miles from the Ukrainian border This occurred amid increased air police missions in Romania after the Russian invasion of Ukraine An IAR 330 on a search and rescue mission for the missing MiG 21 crashed with seven fatalities 55 56 The eight servicemen who died in the two accidents were posthumously promoted and decorated by the president of Romania 57 Shortly after fake news claiming that the Romanian MiG was shot down by Ukrainian S 300 missile systems appeared These claims were officially refuted 58 The preliminary analysis published on 23 March showed that the crashes occurred due to human and environmental factors 59 As of 13 December 2022 Romanian Air Force and allied aircraft took part in more than 150 air policing missions since the start of Russia s invasion The majority of the missions involved Russian aircraft approaching Romanian airspace Other missions involved coordinating civilian aircraft which had reported bomb threats or after their communications were interrupted 60 International deployments edit nbsp Romanian MiG 21 of the Baltica 07 Detachment ready for a night mission 2007 Baltic Air Policing edit Four MiG 21 LanceR Cs were deployed from August November 2007 at Siauliai Air Base in Lithuania for Baltic Air Policing The Romanian detachment succeeded the French Air Force Mirage 2000Cs of Escadron de Chasse 01 012 from Cambrai which fulfilled the Baltic Air Policing since May 2007 Once the RoAF finished its three month stint a Portuguese Air Force detachment took over the mission 61 The four aircraft and most of the staff came from the 71st Air Base A total of 67 personnel among them nine pilots were part of the detachment 63 served at Siauliai while other four served at the air traffic control centre in Kaunas to ensure smooth cooperation with local authorities The Romanian detachment attracted attention from the local media not least from the fact that it was only the second time a Soviet era jet fighter was deployed to Siauliai Polish Air Force MiG 29s had been deployed there first in 2006 62 2019 2020 mission to Mali edit From October 2019 to November 2020 the Carpathian Pumas detachment of the 572nd Helicopter Squadron was deployed to Mali as part of MINUSMA The detachment consisted of four IAR 330L helicopters and 120 personnel deployed on two rotations which took part in MEDEVAC CASEVAC troop and materiel transport air patrol and reconnaissance missions 63 By the end of the mission to Mali the detachment flew over 380 missions of which approximately 100 transport missions 200 reconnaissance missions and 18 medical missions during which more than 40 patients were evacuated It operated in the UN sectors in the Mopti and Kidal regions 64 One IAR 330 was damaged in August 2020 It was located at the Douentza base when the helicopter was overturned by a storm No injuries occurred as a result of the accident 65 2023 Baltic Air Policing edit In November 2022 it was announced that Romanian F 16s were to participate in the Baltic Air Policing missions between April and July 2023 66 The Carpathian Vipers detachment was established 14 March 2023 It was formed by four F 16 and 100 servicemen primarily from the 53rd Fighter Squadron of the 86th Air Base and was led by Commander Cosmin Vlad 67 68 The Romanian detachment was deployed together with a Portuguese detachment taking over the Baltic Air Policing mission from the previous French and Polish detachments 69 The deployment ended on 31 July with the Romanian F 16s being succeeded by a detachment of Italian Eurofighter Typhoons 70 The repatriation ceremony for the personnel took place on 8 August at the 86th Air Base 71 Between April and July the Romanian fighters intercepted over 60 Russian aircraft and participated in various multinational exercises totaling 600 fight hours 72 Structure editSee also List of Romanian Air Force units Air Force General Staff edit The Romanian Air Force General Staff represents the military concept developing command and executive structure providing Air Forces peacetime crisis and wartime leadership in order to reach maintain and increase as required the operational level of the military subordinated structures so that to be able to operate under authorized commands responsible for military operations planning and conduct Generate mobilize structure equip operationalize and regenerate the required forces provide the logistic support necessary to conduct military operations and based on higher orders take over both the Joint Operation Air Component and independent air operations command and control through the Main Air Operational Center Starting with 1 July 2010 the Romanian Air Force bases were renamed to Air Flotillas 73 The names were kept until 1 December 2013 when they were changed back to Air Bases 74 Units edit nbsp nbsp 71st Air Base nbsp 86th Air Base nbsp 90th Airlift Base nbsp 95th Air Base nbsp Application School nbsp 57th Air Base nbsp Bucharest nbsp Balotești nbsp Ovidiu nbsp Giarmata nbsp Suceava nbsp Craiova nbsp Muntele Mareclass notpageimage Romanian Air Force radar stations nbsp Fighter base nbsp Helicopters nbsp Other flying units nbsp AN FPS 117 V Radar station nbsp Air Component Command nbsp Air Signals and IT Centre nbsp Alenia C 27J Spartan RoAF 90th Airlift Base The current structure of the Romanian Air Force is as follows 75 57th Air Base Mihail Kogălniceanu 57th Air Base at Constanța Mihail Kogălniceanu IAP 572nd Helicopter Squadron with IAR 330 L RM MEDEVAC 71st Air Base General Emanoil Ionescu 71st Air Base Campia Turzii military airfield 48th Fighter Squadron with F 16AM BM Block 15 MLU 76 713th Combat Helicopter Squadron with IAR 330 SOCAT 715th Anti Aircraft Artillery Battalion 77 71st Air Base annex at Timișoara Giarmata IAP 712th Helicopter Squadron with IAR 330L M MEDEVAC 86th Air Base Locotenent Aviator Gheorghe Mociorniță 86th Air Base in Fetești Borcea military airfield 53rd Fighter Squadron with F 16AM BM Block 15 MLU 864th Anti Aircraft Artillery Battalion 77 90th Airlift Base Comandor Aviator Gheorghe Bănciulescu 90th Airlift Base at Bucharest Otopeni IAP 901st Tactical Air Transport Squadron with C 130B H Hercules 902nd Operational Air Transport and Aerophotogrametric Squadron with C 27J Spartan and An 30 903rd Transport Helicopter Squadron with IAR 330L M 905th Anti Aircraft Artillery Battalion 77 95th Air Base Erou Căpitan Aviator Alexandru Șerbănescu 95th Air Base at Bacău IAP 951st Advanced Air Training Squadron with IAR 99 Șoim 952nd Combat Helicopter Squadron with IAR 330 SOCAT 954th Anti Aircraft Artillery Battalion 77 nbsp A IAR 99 Șoim in 100th anniversary of aviation colours 70th Engineering Centre General maior Gheorghe Teodorescu in Pantelimon 78 Air Force EOD Group 79 85th Air Signals and IT Centre General Doroftei Ghermănescu in Bucharest 80 74th Patriot Regiment in Mihai Bravu 81 1st Battalion 82 1st Surface to air Missile Brigade General Nicolae Dăscălescu in Chitila 83 111st Surface to air Missile Battalion Voievodul Mihai in Boteni 84 112nd Surface to air Missile Battalion in Bucșani 85 113th Surface to air Missile Battalion Codrii Vlăsiei in Ghimpați 86 114th Surface to air Missile Battalion Șoimii Bărăganului in Adancata 87 5th Surface to air Missile Battalion Horea in Valcele 88 7th Hawk Battalion 8th Technical Battalion 76th Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade Dacia in Moara Vlăsiei 89 90 1st Airspace Surveillance Group General Neculai Iordache at 86th Air Base in Fetești 91 2nd Airspace Surveillance Group General Pompiliu Ionescu at 95th Air Base in Bacău 3rd Airspace Surveillance Group General Vasile Mihalache at 71st Air Base in Campia Turzii 4th Electronic Warfare Group Locotenent colonel Mihai Cană in Domnești 92 91st Logistic Base General Aviator Andrei Popovici in Otopeni 91st Logistic Support Group in Targșoru Nou 93 918th Armament and Ammunition Depot in Mediaș 94 Regional Maintenance Center in Otopeni 95 210th Support Group General de divizie Ioan Macri in Bucharest 96 Air Component Command General comandant aviator Ermil Gheorghiu in Balotești 97 Air Operations Centre in Balotești reports to the NATO Integrated Air Defense System CAOC Torrejon 98 99 Radar Station in Ovidiu with AN FPS 117 V 100 Radar Station at Giarmata with AN FPS 117 V 100 Radar Station in Suceava with AN FPS 117 V 100 Radar Station in Craiova Carcea with AN FPS 117 V 101 Radar Station on Muntele Mare ro with AN FPS 117 V Air Force Academy Henri Coandă in Brașov Air Force Personnel Training and Formation Air Base Air Force Application School Aurel Vlaicu Boboc military airfield 1st Air Training Squadron AI A Phase with IAK 52 and IAR 316B 2nd Air Training Squadron AII A Phase with IAR 99 Standard Air Force NCO and Specialists School Traian Vuia Boboc military airfield Combat Search and Rescue Detachment DCSL 102 Capu Midia Air Defense Training School Brigadier General Ion Bungescu Military College Mihai Viteazul in Alba Iulia 103 National Museum of Romanian Aviation Reserve air bases edit 93rd Air Base at Giarmata Airport Capu Midia Training Range edit Main article Capu Midia Training Range The Capu Midia Surface to air Training and Air to Surface Shooting Range provides firing training execution and evaluation facilities It is located in Constanța County 20 kilometres 12 mi north of the city of Constanța Equipment editAircraft edit Further information List of aircraft of the Romanian Air Force nbsp An F 16AM lands at Borcea Air Base nbsp Romanian Air Force IAR 330 SOCAT Aircraft Origin Type Variant In service Notes Combat Aircraft F 16 Fighting Falcon United States multirole F 16AM BM 23 104 105 76 26 surplus Norwegian units on order 106 107 4 used for conversion training 104 105 Reconnaissance Antonov An 30 Soviet Union surveillance 2 104 Transport Antonov An 26 Soviet Union transport 1 104 C 27J Spartan Italy transport 7 104 C 130 Hercules United States tactical airlifter C 130B 8 108 4 are H variants 104 Helicopters IAR 330 Romania utility transport 57 104 22 SOCAT used in a gunship role Trainer Aircraft IAR 99 Romania jet trainer 21 109 IAR 316 Romania trainer utility 7 104 Licensed built SA316B Yakovlev Yak 52 Romania trainer 14 104 UAV RQ 7 Shadow United States surveillance Shadow 600 7 110 11 initially 4 crashed 1 in country 3 in Iraq Note Three C 17 Globemaster III and five RQ 4D are available through the Strategic Airlift Capability and Alliance Ground Surveillance programs 111 112 Air Defense edit The Romanian Air Force also has several anti aircraft systems 113 nbsp The first Romanian MIM 104 Patriot battery 29 October 2020 Name Origin Type In service Notes SAM MIM 104 Patriot United States SAM system 4 batteries 114 MIM 23 Hawk United States SAM system 8 batteries 113 115 Air Defence Artillery S 60 57mm Soviet Union Mobile anti aircraft Towed gun 116 Radars P 14 Soviet Union Radar 2D VHF radar 117 P 18 Soviet Union Radar 2 dimensional air search radar 118 P 37 radar ro Soviet Union Radar E band F band 2D radar 119 PRV 13 ro Soviet Union Radar Radar altimeter 120 AN TPS 79 R United States 3D radar 17 Medium range 3D radar co produced in Romania 121 122 AN FPS 117 United States 3D radar 5 FPS 117 7 TPS 77 123 124 125 126 127 Long range 3D radar Note Additionally five WSR 98D radars owned by the National Meteorological Administration are used for both civilian and military purposes 100 128 Aircraft markings editThe Romanian roundel uses the colours of the Romanian flag It is used on Romanian Armed Forces vehicles and Romanian Air Force aircraft nbsp Roundel used for aircraft and vehicles from 1912 to 1941 1944 to 1950 and since 1984 nbsp Roundel used during WWI French markings were overpainted with yellow to match the Romanian national colors nbsp Roundel seen in 1916 appearing on some aircraft nbsp Marking used by Romanian Royal Air Force and Romanian Royal Army from 1 May 1941 to 3 September 1944 nbsp Romanian Roundel used from 1949 129 to 1984Ranks and insignia editMain article Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia Officers NATO code OF 10 OF 9 OF 8 OF 7 OF 6 OF 5 OF 4 OF 3 OF 2 OF 1 OF D Student officer nbsp Romanian Air Force 130 vte nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Mareșal General General locotenent General maior General de flotilă aeriană Comandor Căpitan comandor Locotenent comandor Căpitan Locotenent Sublocotenent Enlisted NATO code OR 9 OR 8 OR 7 OR 6 OR 5 OR 4 OR 3 OR 2 OR 1 nbsp Romanian Air Force 130 vte nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Plutonier adjutant principal Plutonier adjutant Plutonier major Plutonier Sergent major Sergent Caporal clasa I Caporal clasa a II a Caporal clasa a III a Fruntaș SoldatSee also editRomanian Armed Forces Romanian Land Forces Romanian Naval Forces Romanian Naval Aviation Military aviationReferences editNotes edit Using the numbers and airplane types from the 3 sources gives that the 20 aircraft from the flight schools were the 10 Bristol TB 8 the 7 Bristol Coanda and 3 Farman HF 20 Footnotes edit Anul 1920 RoAF in Romanian Ziua Aviației Romane și a Forțelor Aeriene 100 de ani de aviație militară Stiriletvr ro 24 December 2014 Archived from the original on 25 December 2014 Retrieved 24 December 2014 a b Generalul maior Leonard Baraboi este noul comandat al Forțelor Aeriene Romane Umbrela Strategică in Romanian 29 November 2023 International Institute for Strategic Studies February 2022 The Military Balance 2022 Routledge pp 140 141 ISBN 978 1032279008 Ultimele zboruri pentru aeronavele MiG 21 LanceR Ceremonii in mai multe baze aeriene din Romania g4media ro 15 May 2023 Cristian Fierbinteanu 11 October 2013 Romania și Portugalia au semnat contractul de achiziţie a 12 avioane F 16 Primele avioane vor ajunge in ţară in 2016 Mediafax in Romanian Cinci ani de la intrarea oficială a avioanelor F 16 MLU in serviciul Forțelor Aeriene Romane RoAF in Romanian Carpathian Vipers key aero 22 December 2016 Dubois Gaston 13 December 2021 Romania wants to acquire 32 second hand F 16 for US 514 million aviacionline Retrieved 13 February 2022 Norway signs F 16 contract with Romania regjeringen no Norwegian Government 4 November 2022 Procedura de atribuire a contractului pentru achiziția a 32 avioane F 16 din Norvegia a fost finalizată mapn ro Ministerul Apărării Naționale Ministry of National Defense in Romanian 4 November 2022 Romania intends to buy F35 fighter jets president SeeNews Archived from the original on 5 February 2022 Retrieved 12 February 2022 Romania a aprobat planul de achiziție al F 35 Avioanele de generația a V a subiect principal in CSAT Defense Romania in Romanian 11 April 2023 Zborurile MiG 21 LanceR reluate pentru o perioadă de un an Misiuni pentru menținerea antrenamentului piloților și poliție aeriană Defense Romania in Romanian 24 May 2022 Romania devine oficial centru regional de F 16 Piloții romani ucraineni și aliați vor fi pregătiți aici DefenseRomania in Romanian 6 July 2023 Group of 11 countries forms coalition for training Ukrainian pilots on F 16 fighters Ukrainska Pravda 11 July 2023 Centrul pentru pregătirea piloţilor de F 16 de la Fetesti organizat de Romania Olanda si o companie americană TVR in Romanian 14 July 2023 Șeful Armatei Romaniei Hub ul pentru F 16 va fi in primul rand pentru antrenarea piloților romani Romania pune la punct ultimele detalii inclusiv cu implicarea Lockheed Martin DefenseRomania in Romanian 15 July 2023 Horia Salca Dr Horia Salca Archived from the original on 28 December 2014 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Ioan Vasile Buiu 2007 1874 Balonul Mihai Bravul si Ascensiunile Sale PDF in Romanian Ralph S Cooper D V M Gheorghe Negrescu Archived from the original on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Gheorghiu 1960 p 101 Aviația Magazin Blog Archive Momente din istoria aviației militare romane II Aviația Magazin Aviația Magazin 13 January 2013 Archived from the original on 25 December 2014 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Aviația Magazin Blog Archive Momente din istoria aviației romane III Aviația Magazin Aviația Magazin 18 January 2013 Archived from the original on 25 December 2014 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Momente din istoria aviatiei militare romane 5 January 2013 Archived from the original on 25 December 2014 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Jozef Wilczynski Technology in Comecon Acceleration of Technological Progress Through Economic Planning and the Market p 243 Keith Hitchins Clarendon Press 1994 Rumania 1866 1947 p 262 Ronald L Tarnstrom Trogen Books 1998 Balkan Battles p 326 Avram Valeriu Armă Alexandru 2018 Aeronautica romană in Războiul de Intregire naţională 1916 1919 in Romanian Editura Vremea p 5 William Green John Fricker MacDonald 1958 The Air Forces of the World Their History Development and Present Strength p 234 Dan Antoniu 2014 Illustrated History of Romanian Aeronautics p 25 ISBN 978 973 0 17209 6 Green 1971 p 25 26 Green 1971 p 26 Bernad 2003 p 22 Paul Sandachi 2001 Aviația de luptă reactivă in Romania 1951 2001 in Romanian Muzeul Aviației The Report Romania 2008 Oxford Business Group 2008 p 134 ISBN 9781902339856 Trustul de Presă al MApN 14 December 2020 Cum a inceput Romania să construiască elicoptere presamil ro in Romanian Petre Opris 12 October 2015 Cum au ajuns avioanele sovietice MIG 23 in Romania si cum voia Ceausescu sa fabrice tancuri pentru pietele externe HotNews in Romanian Vlad Anton Un exponat unicat MiG 29 Sniper Historia in Romanian a b c d e Romanian Air Force Scramble NL Archived from the original on 28 December 2005 MiG 21 LanceR A Aripi Argintii in Romanian Archived from the original on 26 October 2018 MiG ul 29 Sniper a ajuns la Berlin fara escala Ziarul de Iași in Romanian 6 June 2000 Multinational team tackles Sniper upgrade project FlightGlobal 27 July 2000 Tudor Curtifan 25 October 2021 Armata Romaniei după 30 de ani De la MiG 29 la F 16 Ce s a schimbat din 1989 pană in prezent in Romanian L 39ZA Aripi Argintii in Romanian Archived from the original on 11 July 2017 Defense amp Security Intelligence amp Analysis IHS Jane s IHS Archived from the original on 26 April 2012 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Cer Senin Magazine nr 3 2009 page 10 PDF Archived PDF from the original on 12 August 2011 Retrieved 29 June 2011 Defense under external pressure Archived from the original on 25 December 2014 Retrieved 24 December 2014 a b Băsescu anunță locul unde vor fi amplasate in Romania rachetele americanilor Ce spune primarul din Deveselu chemat luni seară la Cotroceni să și dea acordul Gandul info Archived from the original on 28 July 2012 Retrieved 24 December 2014 Scutul american antirachetă din Romania a devenit operațional Vezi imagini de afara și din interiorul bazei de la Deveselu HotNews Archived from the original on 26 October 2016 Retrieved 26 October 2016 Avion militar ucrainean interceptat și aterizat la Bacău Ministerul Apărării Naționale in Romanian 24 February 2022 Ce se intamplă cu Su 27 ucrainean ajuns in Romania Ucraina cere ca pilotul și avionul să se intoarcă in țară DefenseRomania in Romanian 25 February 2022 David Cenciotti 1 March 2022 The Ukrainian Air Force Su 27 That Landed In Romania Flown Back To Ukraine The Aviationist Aeronava Suhoi 27 aparținand Forțelor Aeriene Ucrainene a părăsit spaţiul aerian al Romaniei Ministerul Apărării Naționale in Romanian 1 March 2022 Chirileasa Andrei 2 March 2022 Eight dead as Romanian MIG aircraft disappears in mission and helicopter sent to find it crashes Romania Insider Retrieved 11 March 2022 Date despre militarii căzuți la datorie in urma prăbușirii elicopterului IAR 330 Puma Ministerul Apărării Naționale in Romanian 2 March 2022 Cei opt militari care au căzut la datorie au fost inaintați in grad post mortem și au fost decorați de Președintele Romaniei Ministerul Apărării Naționale in Romanian 4 March 2022 Fake Ukrainian Air Defense Shot Down Romanian MIG 21 StopFake 12 March 2022 Concluziile preliminare privind cauzele prăbușirii aeronavelor MiG 21 LanceR si IAR 330 din data de 2 martie Ministerul Apărării Naționale in Romanian 23 March 2022 Rusia testează intens avioanele F 16 romanești și pe cele aliate De la inceputul invaziei din Ucraina au avut loc 153 de misiuni DefenseRomania in Romanian 13 December 2022 Air Forces Monthly November 2007 issue p 36 Air Forces Monthly November 2007 issue p 37 Detașamentul de patru Elicoptere Carpathian Pumas RoAF in Romanian Misiunea militarilor romani din Mali s a incheiat după 380 de misiuni Mediafax in Romanian 22 October 2020 Un elicopter al Forțelor Aeriene Romane a fost avariat in Mali Cuget Liber in Romanian 10 August 2020 Forțele Aeriene Romane vor asigura Serviciul de Poliție Aeriană Intărită in Lituania DefenseRomania in Romanian 25 November 2022 Carpathian Vipers Receive Operational Order defense aerospace com 20 March 2023 Retrieved 21 March 2023 F 16 romanești la granița Rusiei Aviația militară a Romaniei va asigura apărarea aeriană a țărilor baltice DefenseRomania in Romanian 25 November 2022 Portugal And Romania Begin 62nd Rotation Of Nato Baltic Air Policing ac nato int Retrieved 2 April 2023 NATO Baltic Air Policing Mission rotations change over kam lt 31 July 2023 Ceremonia de repatriere a militarilor detașamentului Carpathian Vipers Ministerul Apărării Naționale in Romanian 4 August 2023 Adelin Petrișor 31 July 2023 Carpathian Vipers misiune indeplinită in Romanian Romania s Air Force Staff to be overhauled starting July 1 2010 Archived from the original on 11 July 2015 Baza 71 Aeriană RoAF in Romanian Romania Air Force Scramble NL a b Dumitrache Ciprian 19 April 2024 Escadrila 48 incepe să prindă contur in Romania Primele 3 avioane F 16 au ajuns la Campia Turzii DefenseRomania Retrieved 19 April 2024 a b c d Măcărescu Laura 2019 Briză și Foc PDF Cer Senin in Romanian Vol 2 no 157 p 50 Centrul 70 Geniu RoAF in Romanian Petrescu Madalina 2 November 2023 Moment de sărbătoare pentru Centrul 70 Geniu General maior Gheorghe Teodorescu cugetliber ro in Romanian Retrieved 3 November 2023 Centrul 85 Comunicaţii Aero și Informatică RoAF in Romanian Liviu Anghel 12 September 2019 Patrioții din pădurea Mihai Bravu presamil ro in Romanian Allied Air Command Public Affairs Office 20 March 2024 Romanian PATRIOT battery demonstrates readiness and operational capabilities ac nato int Retrieved 26 March 2024 De veghe pentru un cer senin presamil ro in Romanian 7 December 2017 Ciobanu Vlad 11 October 2023 Simulare incendiu Facebook Archived from the original on 3 November 2023 Ciobanu Vlad 13 March 2023 Sfințirea apei și personalului Facebook Archived from the original on 3 November 2023 Omul săptămanii Maiorul Daniel Alin Șerb fostul coordonator al Call Center ului Ghimpați jurnalgiurgiuvean ro in Romanian 12 August 2021 Ciobanu Vlad 24 October 2023 Predarea primirii comenzii Batalionului 114 Rachete Sol Aer Șoimii Bărăganului Adancata Facebook Archived from the original on 3 November 2023 Ciobanu Vlad 14 April 2022 Viitori ofițeri rachetiști Facebook Archived from the original on 3 November 2023 Romanian aircraft radars join Prime Accord exercise Agerpress 14 January 2021 Mihai Diac 9 June 2022 Romania primește echipament radar american de peste 500 000 de dolari romanialibera ro in Romanian Teorie și practică pe radare de supraveghere aeriană presamil ro in Romanian 5 October 2020 Rațiu Ioan Gheorghe 25 July 2020 25 Iulie 2020 Aniversarea a 65 de ani de la ȋnființarea Armei Radiolocație PDF Brașov ANCMRR p 37 Retrieved 3 November 2023 Irimia Lucian 2023 Grupul 91 Sprijin Logistic un hub multinodal logistic presamil ro Retrieved 4 November 2023 Pintea Alex 30 October 2018 Depozitul 918 Armament și Muniții Mediaș a aniversat 40 ani de existență VIDEO novatv ro Retrieved 25 November 2023 Guvernul Romaniei 2 February 2022 NOTĂ DE FUNDAMENTARE la Hotărarea Guvernului nr 157 2022 pentru reaprobarea indicatorilor tehnico economici ai obiectivului de investiţii Hangar mentenanță de nivel complex pentru aeronave in cazarma 546 Otopeni gov ro Retrieved 25 November 2023 La mulți ani Grupului 210 Sprijin General de divizie Ioan Macri Facebook Forţele Aeriene Romane 2 November 2023 Archived from the original on 3 November 2023 Comandamentul Componentei Aeriene RoAF in Romanian Lucian Irimia 23 January 2023 Provocarea continuă apărarea spațiului aerian presamil ro in Romanian Centrul de Operații Aeriene RoAF in Romanian a b c d Catalin Prisacariu 9 July 2002 NATO a plantat un ochi la Birnova ziaruldeiasi ro in Romanian Liviu Anghel 28 September 2022 Este sau nu in pericol radarul de la Carcea presamil ro in Romanian Bozintan Florentina 30 May 2023 Militarii de la Baza 57 Aeriană Mihail Kogălniceanu s au intors de la exercițiul multinațional Astral Knight 23 cugetliber ro Retrieved 3 November 2023 Organizare Fortele Aeriene Romane Retrieved 23 November 2023 a b c d e f g h i Hoyle Craig 2023 World Air Forces 2024 FlightGlobal Retrieved 3 January 2024 a b First Norwegian F 16s to Romania Scramble NL 29 November 2023 Norway signs F 16 contract with Romania regjeringen no Norwegian Government 4 November 2022 Procedura de atribuire a contractului pentru achiziția a 32 avioane F 16 din Norvegia a fost finalizată mapn ro Ministerul Apărării Naţionale Ministry of National Defense in Romanian 4 November 2022 Intrarea in serviciul Forțelor Aeriene Romane a unei aeronave C 130H2 Hercules in Romanian mapn ro 29 September 2023 Retrieved 14 December 2021 Eșecul IAR 99 in cifre Cum explică oficialii că Avioane Craiova nu a modernizat niciun avion din cele 10 deși a primit o parte din bani DefenseRomania in Romanian 18 August 2023 Romania gets Shadow 600 flightglobal com Retrieved 1 June 2015 Heavy Airlift Wing Strategic Airlift Capability Program Retrieved 17 April 2020 Alliance Ground Surveillance AGS NATO 23 February 2021 a b Victor Cozmei 2 May 2019 Care sunt rachetele și sistemele de artilerie din arsenalul militarilor romani HotNews in Romanian Darius Mureșan 10 May 2023 Toate Patriot au ajuns in țară Romania a bifat 4 din 4 și a intrat in clubul select Patriot DefenseRomania in Romanian Tudor Radu 9 March 2005 Romania to get Dutch HAWK missiles IHS Jane s Defence Weekly Tunul antiaerian S 60 RoAF in Romanian Radarul O P 14 RoAF in Romanian Radarul P 18 RoAF in Romanian Radarul P 37 RoAF in Romanian Radiometrul PRV 13 RoAF in Romanian Radu Tudor 19 March 2008 Romania orders more AN TPS 79s to fill radar gap un articol apărut in Jane s Defence Weekly 18 martie 2008 UTI Christian Wolff AN TPS 79 MMSR Radartutorial Marius Constantin 24 February 2016 Lockheed Martin va livra Romaniei doua radare TPS 77 in Romanian David Victor 8 February 2018 MApN achizitioneaza 2 radare TPS 77 si lansatoare portabile de rachete antitanc Spike in Romanian Upgrades for the Romanian AN FPS 117 long range Radars DefenceTalk 15 February 2007 Radar tridimensional cu distanță mare de descoperire mobil TPS 77 e licitatie ro in Romanian 9 August 2019 Radar tridimensional cu distanta mare de descoperire mobil TPS 77 e licitatie ro in Romanian 21 January 2020 Rețeaua Națională Radar meteoromania ro in Romanian Gudju Ion Iacobescu Gheroghe Ionescu Ovidiu 1974 Romanian Aeronautical Constructions 1905 1974 PDF p 360 a b Grade militare Military ranks defense ro in Romanian Romanian Defence Staff Retrieved 1 February 2021 Bibliography edit Bernad Denes 2003 Rumanian Aces of World War 2 Aircraft of the Aces 54 Botley Oxford UK Osprey Publishing ISBN 978 1841765358 Bernad Denes 1999 Rumanian Air Force The Prime Decade 1938 1947 Carrollton TX Squadron Signal Publications Inc ISBN 0897474023 Craciunoiu Cristian February 2002 Deux des Savoia Two of Savoia Avions Toute l Aeronautique et son histoire in French 107 7 16 ISSN 1243 8650 Crăciunoiu Cristian Roba Jean Louis 2003 Romanian Aeronautics in the Second World War 1941 1945 București Romania Editura Modelism International ISBN 973 8101182 bilingual Romanian English Green W Swanborough G eds June 1971 Oil Well Top Cover Sixty Years of Rumanian Military Aviation Air Enthusiast 1 1 25 26 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Air force of Romania Official site of the Romanian Air Force Official site of the Romanian Ministry of National Defense MoND Order of Battle of the RoAF Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Romanian Air Force amp oldid 1219764619, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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