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Wikipedia

Robert W. Malone

November 29, 2023

For other people with the same name, see Robert Malone.

Robert Wallace Malone (born October 20, 1959) is an American physician and biochemist. His early work focused on mRNA technology,[3] pharmaceuticals, and drug repurposing research. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Malone promoted misinformation about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.[1][4][5][6][7]

Robert W. Malone
Born
Robert Wallace Malone

(1959-10-20) October 20, 1959 (age 64)[1][2]
EducationUniversity of California, Davis (BS)
University of California, San Diego (MS)
Northwestern University (MD)
Occupation(s)Physician, biochemist
Websiterwmalonemd.com

Early life and education

Prior to studying medicine, Robert Malone studied computer science at Santa Barbara City College for two years, acting as a teaching assistant in 1981.[2][8] He received his BS in biochemistry from the University of California, Davis in 1984, his MS in biology from the University of California, San Diego in 1988, and his MD from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in 1991.[9][10][11] He attended Harvard Medical School for a year-long postdoctoral studies program.[12]

In the decade after earning his MD, Malone taught pathology at the University of California, Davis and at the University of Maryland.[7]

Career

In the late 1980s, while a graduate student researcher at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in San Diego, California, Malone conducted studies on messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) technology, discovering in what Nature has described as a landmark experiment that it was possible to transfer mRNA protected by a liposome into cultured cells to signal the information needed for the production of proteins.[3][13][4] With Philip Felgner, he performed experiments on the transfection of RNA into human, rat, mouse, Xenopus, and Drosophila cells, work which was published in 1989.[3][14] In 1990, he contributed to a paper with Jon A. Wolff, Dennis A. Carson, and others, which first suggested the possibility of synthesizing mRNA in a laboratory to trigger the production of a desired protein.[15] These studies are recognized as among the earliest steps towards mRNA vaccine development.[3][16][17][18]

While Malone promotes himself as an inventor of mRNA vaccines,[1][7] credit for the distinction is more often given to the lead authors on the major papers he contributed to (such as Felgner and Wolff), later advances by Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman,[3][19] or Moderna co-founder Derrick Rossi.[13] Ultimately, mRNA vaccines were the decades-long result of the contributions of hundreds of researchers, including Malone.[3][20][21] In April 2022, Davey Alba, writing for The New York Times, said that "[w]hile he was involved in some early research into the technology, his role in its creation was minimal at best", citing "half a dozen Covid experts and researchers, including three who worked closely with Dr. Malone."[7]

Malone has served as director of clinical affairs for Avancer Group, assistant professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and an adjunct associate professor of biotechnology at Kennesaw State University.[22] He was CEO and co-founder of Atheric Pharmaceutical,[23] which in 2016 was contracted by the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases to assist in the development of a treatment for the Zika virus by evaluating the efficacy of existing drugs.[24][25][26][27] Until 2020, Malone was chief medical officer at Alchem Laboratories, a Florida pharmaceutical company.[28] He has claimed he helped secure early-stage approval for research by Merck & Co. on an Ebola vaccine, in the mid-2010s.[7]

COVID-19 research and controversy

In early 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Malone was involved in research through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency's DOMANE program into the heartburn medicine famotidine (Pepcid) as a potential COVID-19 treatment.[29] His interest in the drug candidate followed early observational data suggesting that it may have been associated with higher COVID-19 survival.[30] Malone, then with Alchem Laboratories, suspected famotidine may target an enzyme that the virus (SARS-CoV-2) uses to reproduce, and recruited a computational chemist to help design a 3D-model of the enzyme based on the viral sequence and comparisons to the 2003 SARS virus.[29] After encouraging preliminary results, Alchem Laboratories, in conjunction with New York's Northwell Health, initiated a clinical trial on famotidine and hydroxychloroquine.[29] Malone resigned from Alchem shortly after the trial began and Northwell paused the trial due to a shortage of hospitalized patients.[28][31]

With another researcher, Malone successfully proposed to the publishers of Frontiers in Pharmacology a special issue featuring early observational studies on existing medication used in the treatment of COVID-19, for which they recruited other guest editors, contributors, and reviewers. The journal rejected two of the papers selected: one on famotidine co-authored by Malone and another submitted by physician Pierre Kory on the use of ivermectin.[31] The publisher rejected the ivermectin paper due to what it stated were "a series of strong, unsupported claims" which they determined did "not offer an objective nor balanced scientific contribution."[31] Malone and most other guest editors resigned in protest in April 2021, and the special issue has been pulled from the journal's website.[31]

Starting in mid-2021, Malone received criticism for propagating COVID-19 misinformation and conspiracy theories, including making "dangerous" and misleading claims about the toxicity of spike proteins generated by some COVID-19 vaccines;[4][32][6][33] using interviews on mass media to popularize medication with ivermectin;[34] and tweeting a study by others questioning vaccine safety that was later retracted.[4] He said that LinkedIn temporarily suspended his account over a post stating that the Chairman of the Thomson Reuters Foundation was also a board member at Pfizer, and other posts questioning the efficacy of some COVID-19 vaccines.[35][36] Malone has also falsely claimed that the Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines could worsen COVID-19 infections,[1] and that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had not granted full approval to the Pfizer vaccine in August 2021.[37] Malone has promoted hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin as COVID-19 treatments.[7] In a July 2021 interview, Malone admitted to taking the Moderna vaccine, claiming that he did so due to suffering from long COVID, and because he and his wife needed to travel.[20]

In November 2021, Malone shared a deceptive video on Twitter that falsely linked athlete deaths to COVID-19 vaccines. In particular, the video suggested that Jake West, a 17-year-old Indiana high school football player who succumbed to sudden cardiac arrest, had actually died from COVID-19 vaccination. However, West had died years earlier, in 2013, due to an undiagnosed heart condition. Malone deleted the video from his Twitter account after receiving a cease-and-desist letter from West's family. Malone later said on Twitter that he did not know the video was doctored.[38] On December 29, 2021, Twitter permanently suspended Malone from its platform, citing "repeated violations of our COVID-19 misinformation policy",[39][40] after he shared on that platform a video about supposed harmful effects of the Pfizer vaccine.[41][42] In an April 1, 2022 interview, Malone made the unfounded claim that COVID-19 vaccines are "damaging T cell responses" and "causing a form of AIDS". Malone claimed that he had "lots of scientific data" to back up his claim, but did not cite evidence.[43] In July 2022, Malone, along with two other doctors, filed a lawsuit against Twitter for suspending their accounts, alleging a "breach of contract."[44]

On December 30, 2021, Malone claimed on The Joe Rogan Experience podcast that "mass formation psychosis" was developing in American society in its reaction to COVID-19 just as during the rise of Nazi Germany.[45][46] The term mass formation psychosis is not found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, is not based on factual medical information, and is described by Steve Reicher, a professor of social psychology at the University of St Andrews, as "more metaphor than science, more ideology than fact."[47] 270 physicians, scientists, academics, nurses and students wrote an open letter to Spotify complaining about the content of the podcast.[48][49] On January 3, 2022, Congressman Troy Nehls entered a full transcript[2][50] of The Joe Rogan Experience interview with Malone into the Congressional Record in order to circumvent what he said was censorship by social media.[2][45]

Malone has spoken at anti-vaccine and anti-vaccine-mandate rallies, including a January 2022 rally in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.,[38][51] and a March 2022 rally in Santa Barbara, California.[52] As of April 2022, more than 134,000 users subscribe to Malone's Substack newsletter.[7] According to media research firm Zignal Labs, Malone has been mentioned more than 300,000 times on social media, cable television, and print or online news outlets.[7] In December 2022, Malone was reinstated on Twitter as a result of Elon Musk's revision of the site's COVID disinformation policy.[53][54]

Personal life and politics

Malone lives in Madison, Virginia, on a horse farm with his wife Jill Glasspool Malone, his high school sweetheart whom he married c. 1979.[55][56][57] She has a PhD in public policy from Union Institute and University.[1][7][58] Although he and his wife have attended several conservative conferences, Malone says that he does not align with any political party.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Bartlett, Tom (August 12, 2021). "The Vaccine Scientist Spreading Vaccine Misinformation". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d "Joe Rogan Experience #1757 – Dr. Robert Malone, MD Full Transcript". Congressman Troy Nehls. January 3, 2022. from the original on January 14, 2022. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Dolgin, Elie (September 14, 2021). "The tangled history of mRNA vaccines". Nature. 597 (7876): 318–324. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..318D. doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02483-w. PMID 34522017. S2CID 237515383. from the original on December 27, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d Jacob, Manon (July 13, 2021). "Flawed study misrepresents Covid-19 vaccination fatality rate". Agence France Presse. from the original on July 29, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  5. ^ "Flawed scientific papers fueling Covid-19 misinformation". France 24. July 30, 2021. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022.
  6. ^ a b . Reuters. June 18, 2021. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Alba, Davey (April 3, 2022). "The Latest Covid Misinformation Star Says He Invented the Vaccines". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on April 3, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
  8. ^ "Exhibit F - Declaration of Dr. Robert Malone – #30, Att. #6 in Navy Seal 1 v. Austin (M.D. Fla., 8:21-cv-02429) – CourtListener.com". CourtListener. from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
  9. ^ "License Number: D55466 Dr. Robert Wallace Malone". Physician Profile Portal. Maryland Board of Physicians. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
  10. ^ Malone, Robert. "Robert Malone". LinkedIn.com. Robert W. Malone. from the original on September 3, 2010. Retrieved January 2, 2021.
  11. ^ One Hundred and Thirty-third Annual Commencement. Northwestern University. 1991. p. 13. Robert Wallace Malone, M.S., University of California, San Diego, 1988
  12. ^ Carr, Julie (December 18, 2021). "mRNA Vaccine Inventor Dr. Robert Malone to Hold Global COVID Summit on Saturday in Gallatin". The Tennessee Star. from the original on January 2, 2022. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
  13. ^ a b Nogueira, Mariana (July 20, 2021). "Robert Malone é o inventor das vacinas de mRNA?". Visão (in Portuguese). from the original on July 29, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  14. ^ Robert Malone; Philip L. Felgner; Inder Verma (August 1, 1989). "Cationic liposome-mediated RNA transfection". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (16): 6077–6081. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.6077M. doi:10.1073/PNAS.86.16.6077. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 297778. PMID 2762315. Wikidata Q34295651.
  15. ^ Monroe, Linda (March 23, 1990). "Biotech Firm Takes the Simple Route to Gene Therapy Success". Los Angeles Times. from the original on August 1, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  16. ^ Rein Verbeke; Ine Lentacker; Stefaan C. De Smedt; Heleen Dewitte (October 2019). "Three decades of messenger RNA vaccine development". Nano Today. 28: 100766. doi:10.1016/J.NANTOD.2019.100766. ISSN 1748-0132. Wikidata Q107862731.
  17. ^ Shuqin Xu; Kunpeng Yang; Rose Li; Lu Zhang (September 9, 2020). "mRNA Vaccine Era-Mechanisms, Drug Platform and Clinical Prospection". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21 (18). doi:10.3390/IJMS21186582. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 7554980. PMID 32916818. Wikidata Q99359093.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  18. ^ Wang, Yang; Zhang, Ziqi; Luo, Jingwen; Han, Xuejiao; Wei, Yuquan; Wei, Xiawei (2021). "mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy". Molecular Cancer. 20 (1): 33. doi:10.1186/s12943-021-01311-z. PMC 7884263. PMID 33593376.
  19. ^ Oliveira, Nelson (October 4, 2021). "COVID vaccine pioneers miss out on Nobel Prize in medicine — for now". nydailynews.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  20. ^ a b Piper, Ernie (July 20, 2021). "Scientists vs Science: Interviews with Mike Yeadon and Robert Malone". Logically. from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 5, 2023.
  21. ^ "The development of mRNA vaccines was a collaborative effort; Robert Malone contributed to their development, but he is not their inventor". Health Feedback. August 26, 2021. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved August 31, 2021.
  22. ^ Perlman, William (March 8, 2016). . Contagion. MJH Life Sciences. Archived from the original on August 6, 2021.
  23. ^ . atheric.com. Atheric Pharmaceutical LLC. Archived from the original on July 14, 2017.
  24. ^ Mandell, Josh (December 11, 2016). "The War on Zika". The Daily Progress. from the original on August 7, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  25. ^ Chang, Ailsa (May 12, 2016). "White House Request For Emergency Zika Funding Hits Roadblock In Congress". WBUR-FM. from the original on July 29, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  26. ^ Szabo, Liz (May 5, 2016). "Researchers look to repurpose approved drugs to treat Zika virus". USA Today. from the original on July 29, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  27. ^ Anwar, Sarah (March 3, 2017). . Contagion. MJH Life Sciences. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020.
  28. ^ a b Lardner, Richard (July 23, 2020). "Pepcid as a virus remedy? Trump admin's $21M gamble fizzled". Washington Post. Associated Press. from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  29. ^ a b c Borrell, Brendan (April 26, 2020). "New York clinical trial quietly tests heartburn remedy against coronavirus". Science. doi:10.1126/science.abc4739. S2CID 219040361.
  30. ^ Malone, Robert W.; Tisdall, Philip; Fremont-Smith, Philip; Liu, Yongfeng; Huang, Xi-Ping; White, Kris M.; Miorin, Lisa; Moreno, Elena; Alon, Assaf; Delaforge, Elise; Hennecker, Christopher D.; Wang, Guanyu; Pottel, Joshua; Blair, Robert V.; Roy, Chad J. (2021). "COVID-19: Famotidine, Histamine, Mast Cells, and Mechanisms". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 12: 633680. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.633680. ISSN 1663-9812. PMC 8021898. PMID 33833683.
  31. ^ a b c d Offord, Catherine (April 28, 2021). "Frontiers Pulls Special COVID-19 Issue After Content Dispute". The Scientist. from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  32. ^ Kertscher, Tom (June 16, 2021). "The COVID-19 vaccines' 'spike protein is very dangerous, it's cytotoxic.'". Politifact. from the original on August 5, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  33. ^ "【誤導內容】Robert Malone是mRNA疫苗發明者？" [[Misleading content] Robert Malone is the inventor of the mRNA vaccine?]. factchecklab.org (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Factcheck Lab 事實查核實驗室. August 28, 2021. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved October 18, 2021.
  34. ^ Karlis, Nicole (August 9, 2021). . Salon.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2021. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  35. ^ "Thomson Reuters Foundation Chairman is also board member at Pfizer". Diverge Media. June 28, 2021. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2021.
  36. ^ D'Angelo, Peter (July 4, 2021). "Usa, uno degli scienziati dell'Rna messaggero denuncia: "Censurato da Linkedin" dopo aver espresso preoccupazione sulla trasparenza del governo rispetto ai potenziali rischi dei vaccini. La polemica con Reuters". Il Fatto Quotidiano (in Italian). from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 29, 2021.
  37. ^ Gorski, David (August 30, 2021). "Yes, the FDA really HAS given full approval to the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine". Science-Based Medicine. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved August 31, 2021.
  38. ^ a b Bella, Timothy (January 24, 2022). "A vaccine scientist's discredited claims have bolstered a movement of misinformation". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. from the original on January 25, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
  39. ^ Goforth, Clare (January 1, 2022). "Conservatives think the U.S. is experiencing a 'mass formation psychosis' because an anti-vaxxer doctor told Joe Rogan so". The Daily Dot. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022.
  40. ^ "COVID-19 misleading information policy". help.twitter.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved January 10, 2022.
  41. ^ "Prominent vaccine scientist banned from Twitter for spreading anti-vaxx content". metro.co.uk. December 31, 2021. from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
  42. ^ "Video repeats false claims about safety of Pfizer's Covid-19 vaccine". AFP Fact Check. January 19, 2022. from the original on January 22, 2022. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
  43. ^ "NOT REAL NEWS: A look at what didn't happen this week". AP NEWS. April 8, 2022. from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  44. ^ Putka, Sophie (July 13, 2022). "Doctors Sue Twitter Over Account Suspensions". Medpage Today. from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved August 9, 2022.
  45. ^ a b "YouTube takes down anti-vax Joe Rogan interview with Dr Robert Malone". news.com.au. January 4, 2022. from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
  46. ^ Fenton, Tom (January 4, 2022). "YouTube takes down Joe Rogan interview which likened vaccines to mass psychosis". The Independent. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  47. ^ "Fact Check-No evidence of pandemic 'mass formation psychosis', say experts speaking to Reuters". Reuters. January 7, 2022. from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  48. ^ Yang, Maya (January 22, 2022). "'Menace to public health': 270 doctors criticize Spotify over Joe Rogan's podcast". The Guardian. from the original on January 16, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
  49. ^ "An Open Letter to Spotify". Spotify open letter. January 10, 2022. from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
  50. ^ 2021 Congressional Record, Vol. 167, Page e1403 (January 3, 2022)
  51. ^ "Anti-vaccine activists march in D.C. — a city that mandates coronavirus vaccination — to protest mandates". The Washington Post. January 23, 2022. ISSN 0190-8286. from the original on January 24, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
  52. ^ Schallhorn, Kaitlyn (March 23, 2022). "Group rallies against COVID mandates". Santa Barbara News-Press. from the original on April 1, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  53. ^ Checknews, Service (December 14, 2022). "Qui est le controversé Dr Malone, pionnier de l'ARN messager, dont le compte Twitter vient d'être réactivé ?". Libération (in French). from the original on December 14, 2022. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  54. ^ "Twitter ends Covid misinformation policy under Musk". BBC News. November 30, 2022. from the original on December 15, 2022. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  55. ^ https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/history-how-mrna-vaccines-were-discovered-jill-glasspool-malone-phd January 1, 2023, at the Wayback Machine[bare URL]
  56. ^ https://www.rwmalonemd.com/ August 3, 2021, at the Wayback Machine[bare URL]
  57. ^ "The original invention of the use of mRNA for drugs and vaccines". June 8, 2021. from the original on January 5, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
  58. ^ "The Malone Doctrine Health Conference Ireland". worldcouncilforhealth.org. World Council for Health. from the original on December 19, 2022. Retrieved December 19, 2022.

External links

 
Scholia has a profile for Robert Malone (Q37367864).
  • Official website

November 29, 2023
robert, malone, other, people, with, same, name, robert, malone, robert, wallace, malone, born, october, 1959, american, physician, biochemist, early, work, focused, mrna, technology, pharmaceuticals, drug, repurposing, research, during, covid, pandemic, malon. For other people with the same name see Robert Malone Robert Wallace Malone born October 20 1959 is an American physician and biochemist His early work focused on mRNA technology 3 pharmaceuticals and drug repurposing research During the COVID 19 pandemic Malone promoted misinformation about the safety and efficacy of COVID 19 vaccines 1 4 5 6 7 Robert W MaloneBornRobert Wallace Malone 1959 10 20 October 20 1959 age 64 1 2 EducationUniversity of California Davis BS University of California San Diego MS Northwestern University MD Occupation s Physician biochemistWebsiterwmalonemd wbr com Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 2 1 COVID 19 research and controversy 3 Personal life and politics 4 References 5 External linksEarly life and educationPrior to studying medicine Robert Malone studied computer science at Santa Barbara City College for two years acting as a teaching assistant in 1981 2 8 He received his BS in biochemistry from the University of California Davis in 1984 his MS in biology from the University of California San Diego in 1988 and his MD from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in 1991 9 10 11 He attended Harvard Medical School for a year long postdoctoral studies program 12 In the decade after earning his MD Malone taught pathology at the University of California Davis and at the University of Maryland 7 CareerIn the late 1980s while a graduate student researcher at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in San Diego California Malone conducted studies on messenger ribonucleic acid mRNA technology discovering in what Nature has described as a landmark experiment that it was possible to transfer mRNA protected by a liposome into cultured cells to signal the information needed for the production of proteins 3 13 4 With Philip Felgner he performed experiments on the transfection of RNA into human rat mouse Xenopus and Drosophila cells work which was published in 1989 3 14 In 1990 he contributed to a paper with Jon A Wolff Dennis A Carson and others which first suggested the possibility of synthesizing mRNA in a laboratory to trigger the production of a desired protein 15 These studies are recognized as among the earliest steps towards mRNA vaccine development 3 16 17 18 While Malone promotes himself as an inventor of mRNA vaccines 1 7 credit for the distinction is more often given to the lead authors on the major papers he contributed to such as Felgner and Wolff later advances by Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman 3 19 or Moderna co founder Derrick Rossi 13 Ultimately mRNA vaccines were the decades long result of the contributions of hundreds of researchers including Malone 3 20 21 In April 2022 Davey Alba writing for The New York Times said that w hile he was involved in some early research into the technology his role in its creation was minimal at best citing half a dozen Covid experts and researchers including three who worked closely with Dr Malone 7 Malone has served as director of clinical affairs for Avancer Group assistant professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and an adjunct associate professor of biotechnology at Kennesaw State University 22 He was CEO and co founder of Atheric Pharmaceutical 23 which in 2016 was contracted by the U S Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases to assist in the development of a treatment for the Zika virus by evaluating the efficacy of existing drugs 24 25 26 27 Until 2020 Malone was chief medical officer at Alchem Laboratories a Florida pharmaceutical company 28 He has claimed he helped secure early stage approval for research by Merck amp Co on an Ebola vaccine in the mid 2010s 7 COVID 19 research and controversy In early 2020 during the COVID 19 pandemic Malone was involved in research through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency s DOMANE program into the heartburn medicine famotidine Pepcid as a potential COVID 19 treatment 29 His interest in the drug candidate followed early observational data suggesting that it may have been associated with higher COVID 19 survival 30 Malone then with Alchem Laboratories suspected famotidine may target an enzyme that the virus SARS CoV 2 uses to reproduce and recruited a computational chemist to help design a 3D model of the enzyme based on the viral sequence and comparisons to the 2003 SARS virus 29 After encouraging preliminary results Alchem Laboratories in conjunction with New York s Northwell Health initiated a clinical trial on famotidine and hydroxychloroquine 29 Malone resigned from Alchem shortly after the trial began and Northwell paused the trial due to a shortage of hospitalized patients 28 31 With another researcher Malone successfully proposed to the publishers of Frontiers in Pharmacology a special issue featuring early observational studies on existing medication used in the treatment of COVID 19 for which they recruited other guest editors contributors and reviewers The journal rejected two of the papers selected one on famotidine co authored by Malone and another submitted by physician Pierre Kory on the use of ivermectin 31 The publisher rejected the ivermectin paper due to what it stated were a series of strong unsupported claims which they determined did not offer an objective nor balanced scientific contribution 31 Malone and most other guest editors resigned in protest in April 2021 and the special issue has been pulled from the journal s website 31 Starting in mid 2021 Malone received criticism for propagating COVID 19 misinformation and conspiracy theories including making dangerous and misleading claims about the toxicity of spike proteins generated by some COVID 19 vaccines 4 32 6 33 using interviews on mass media to popularize medication with ivermectin 34 and tweeting a study by others questioning vaccine safety that was later retracted 4 He said that LinkedIn temporarily suspended his account over a post stating that the Chairman of the Thomson Reuters Foundation was also a board member at Pfizer and other posts questioning the efficacy of some COVID 19 vaccines 35 36 Malone has also falsely claimed that the Pfizer BioNTech and Moderna COVID 19 vaccines could worsen COVID 19 infections 1 and that the Food and Drug Administration FDA had not granted full approval to the Pfizer vaccine in August 2021 37 Malone has promoted hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin as COVID 19 treatments 7 In a July 2021 interview Malone admitted to taking the Moderna vaccine claiming that he did so due to suffering from long COVID and because he and his wife needed to travel 20 In November 2021 Malone shared a deceptive video on Twitter that falsely linked athlete deaths to COVID 19 vaccines In particular the video suggested that Jake West a 17 year old Indiana high school football player who succumbed to sudden cardiac arrest had actually died from COVID 19 vaccination However West had died years earlier in 2013 due to an undiagnosed heart condition Malone deleted the video from his Twitter account after receiving a cease and desist letter from West s family Malone later said on Twitter that he did not know the video was doctored 38 On December 29 2021 Twitter permanently suspended Malone from its platform citing repeated violations of our COVID 19 misinformation policy 39 40 after he shared on that platform a video about supposed harmful effects of the Pfizer vaccine 41 42 In an April 1 2022 interview Malone made the unfounded claim that COVID 19 vaccines are damaging T cell responses and causing a form of AIDS Malone claimed that he had lots of scientific data to back up his claim but did not cite evidence 43 In July 2022 Malone along with two other doctors filed a lawsuit against Twitter for suspending their accounts alleging a breach of contract 44 On December 30 2021 Malone claimed on The Joe Rogan Experience podcast that mass formation psychosis was developing in American society in its reaction to COVID 19 just as during the rise of Nazi Germany 45 46 The term mass formation psychosis is not found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is not based on factual medical information and is described by Steve Reicher a professor of social psychology at the University of St Andrews as more metaphor than science more ideology than fact 47 270 physicians scientists academics nurses and students wrote an open letter to Spotify complaining about the content of the podcast 48 49 On January 3 2022 Congressman Troy Nehls entered a full transcript 2 50 of The Joe Rogan Experience interview with Malone into the Congressional Record in order to circumvent what he said was censorship by social media 2 45 Malone has spoken at anti vaccine and anti vaccine mandate rallies including a January 2022 rally in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D C 38 51 and a March 2022 rally in Santa Barbara California 52 As of April 2022 more than 134 000 users subscribe to Malone s Substack newsletter 7 According to media research firm Zignal Labs Malone has been mentioned more than 300 000 times on social media cable television and print or online news outlets 7 In December 2022 Malone was reinstated on Twitter as a result of Elon Musk s revision of the site s COVID disinformation policy 53 54 Personal life and politicsMalone lives in Madison Virginia on a horse farm with his wife Jill Glasspool Malone his high school sweetheart whom he married c 1979 55 56 57 She has a PhD in public policy from Union Institute and University 1 7 58 Although he and his wife have attended several conservative conferences Malone says that he does not align with any political party 7 References a b c d e Bartlett Tom August 12 2021 The Vaccine Scientist Spreading Vaccine Misinformation The Atlantic Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved January 3 2022 a b c d Joe Rogan Experience 1757 Dr Robert Malone MD Full Transcript Congressman Troy Nehls January 3 2022 Archived from the original on January 14 2022 Retrieved January 6 2022 a b c d e f Dolgin Elie September 14 2021 The tangled history of mRNA vaccines Nature 597 7876 318 324 Bibcode 2021Natur 597 318D doi 10 1038 d41586 021 02483 w PMID 34522017 S2CID 237515383 Archived from the original on December 27 2021 Retrieved December 26 2021 a b c d Jacob Manon July 13 2021 Flawed study misrepresents Covid 19 vaccination fatality rate Agence France Presse Archived from the original on July 29 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 Flawed scientific papers fueling Covid 19 misinformation France 24 July 30 2021 Archived from the original on February 4 2022 a b Fact Check COVID 19 vaccines are not cytotoxic Reuters June 18 2021 Archived from the original on July 25 2021 Retrieved July 31 2021 a b c d e f g h i j Alba Davey April 3 2022 The Latest Covid Misinformation Star Says He Invented the Vaccines The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 3 2022 Retrieved April 4 2022 Exhibit F Declaration of Dr Robert Malone 30 Att 6 in Navy Seal 1 v Austin M D Fla 8 21 cv 02429 CourtListener com CourtListener Archived from the original on March 20 2022 Retrieved March 20 2022 License Number D55466 Dr Robert Wallace Malone Physician Profile Portal Maryland Board of Physicians Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved January 2 2022 Malone Robert Robert Malone LinkedIn com Robert W Malone Archived from the original on September 3 2010 Retrieved January 2 2021 One Hundred and Thirty third Annual Commencement Northwestern University 1991 p 13 Robert Wallace Malone M S University of California San Diego 1988 Carr Julie December 18 2021 mRNA Vaccine Inventor Dr Robert Malone to Hold Global COVID Summit on Saturday in Gallatin The Tennessee Star Archived from the original on January 2 2022 Retrieved January 3 2022 a b Nogueira Mariana July 20 2021 Robert Malone e o inventor das vacinas de mRNA Visao in Portuguese Archived from the original on July 29 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 Robert Malone Philip L Felgner Inder Verma August 1 1989 Cationic liposome mediated RNA transfection Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 86 16 6077 6081 Bibcode 1989PNAS 86 6077M doi 10 1073 PNAS 86 16 6077 ISSN 0027 8424 PMC 297778 PMID 2762315 Wikidata Q34295651 Monroe Linda March 23 1990 Biotech Firm Takes the Simple Route to Gene Therapy Success Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on August 1 2021 Retrieved July 31 2021 Rein Verbeke Ine Lentacker Stefaan C De Smedt Heleen Dewitte October 2019 Three decades of messenger RNA vaccine development Nano Today 28 100766 doi 10 1016 J NANTOD 2019 100766 ISSN 1748 0132 Wikidata Q107862731 Shuqin Xu Kunpeng Yang Rose Li Lu Zhang September 9 2020 mRNA Vaccine Era Mechanisms Drug Platform and Clinical Prospection International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21 18 doi 10 3390 IJMS21186582 ISSN 1422 0067 PMC 7554980 PMID 32916818 Wikidata Q99359093 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint unflagged free DOI link Wang Yang Zhang Ziqi Luo Jingwen Han Xuejiao Wei Yuquan Wei Xiawei 2021 mRNA vaccine a potential therapeutic strategy Molecular Cancer 20 1 33 doi 10 1186 s12943 021 01311 z PMC 7884263 PMID 33593376 Oliveira Nelson October 4 2021 COVID vaccine pioneers miss out on Nobel Prize in medicine for now nydailynews com Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved January 12 2022 a b Piper Ernie July 20 2021 Scientists vs Science Interviews with Mike Yeadon and Robert Malone Logically Archived from the original on January 3 2022 Retrieved March 5 2023 The development of mRNA vaccines was a collaborative effort Robert Malone contributed to their development but he is not their inventor Health Feedback August 26 2021 Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved August 31 2021 Perlman William March 8 2016 Zika Countermeasure Options Explored Contagion MJH Life Sciences Archived from the original on August 6 2021 The Team atheric com Atheric Pharmaceutical LLC Archived from the original on July 14 2017 Mandell Josh December 11 2016 The War on Zika The Daily Progress Archived from the original on August 7 2021 Retrieved August 7 2021 Chang Ailsa May 12 2016 White House Request For Emergency Zika Funding Hits Roadblock In Congress WBUR FM Archived from the original on July 29 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 Szabo Liz May 5 2016 Researchers look to repurpose approved drugs to treat Zika virus USA Today Archived from the original on July 29 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 Anwar Sarah March 3 2017 Repurposing Licensed Drugs for Use Against the Zika Virus Contagion MJH Life Sciences Archived from the original on October 28 2020 a b Lardner Richard July 23 2020 Pepcid as a virus remedy Trump admin s 21M gamble fizzled Washington Post Associated Press Archived from the original on June 15 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 a b c Borrell Brendan April 26 2020 New York clinical trial quietly tests heartburn remedy against coronavirus Science doi 10 1126 science abc4739 S2CID 219040361 Malone Robert W Tisdall Philip Fremont Smith Philip Liu Yongfeng Huang Xi Ping White Kris M Miorin Lisa Moreno Elena Alon Assaf Delaforge Elise Hennecker Christopher D Wang Guanyu Pottel Joshua Blair Robert V Roy Chad J 2021 COVID 19 Famotidine Histamine Mast Cells and Mechanisms Frontiers in Pharmacology 12 633680 doi 10 3389 fphar 2021 633680 ISSN 1663 9812 PMC 8021898 PMID 33833683 a b c d Offord Catherine April 28 2021 Frontiers Pulls Special COVID 19 Issue After Content Dispute The Scientist Archived from the original on December 28 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 Kertscher Tom June 16 2021 The COVID 19 vaccines spike protein is very dangerous it s cytotoxic Politifact Archived from the original on August 5 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 誤導內容 Robert Malone是mRNA疫苗發明者 Misleading content Robert Malone is the inventor of the mRNA vaccine factchecklab org in Chinese Hong Kong Factcheck Lab 事實查核實驗室 August 28 2021 Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved October 18 2021 Karlis Nicole August 9 2021 How anti vaxxers weaponized Ivermectin a horse de wormer drug as a COVID 19 treatment Salon com Archived from the original on August 10 2021 Retrieved August 10 2021 Thomson Reuters Foundation Chairman is also board member at Pfizer Diverge Media June 28 2021 Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved June 28 2021 D Angelo Peter July 4 2021 Usa uno degli scienziati dell Rna messaggero denuncia Censurato da Linkedin dopo aver espresso preoccupazione sulla trasparenza del governo rispetto ai potenziali rischi dei vaccini La polemica con Reuters Il Fatto Quotidiano in Italian Archived from the original on July 30 2021 Retrieved July 29 2021 Gorski David August 30 2021 Yes the FDA really HAS given full approval to the Pfizer BioNTech COVID 19 vaccine Science Based Medicine Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved August 31 2021 a b Bella Timothy January 24 2022 A vaccine scientist s discredited claims have bolstered a movement of misinformation The Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Archived from the original on January 25 2022 Retrieved January 25 2022 Goforth Clare January 1 2022 Conservatives think the U S is experiencing a mass formation psychosis because an anti vaxxer doctor told Joe Rogan so The Daily Dot Archived from the original on February 4 2022 COVID 19 misleading information policy help twitter com Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved January 10 2022 Prominent vaccine scientist banned from Twitter for spreading anti vaxx content metro co uk December 31 2021 Archived from the original on January 3 2022 Retrieved January 13 2022 Video repeats false claims about safety of Pfizer s Covid 19 vaccine AFP Fact Check January 19 2022 Archived from the original on January 22 2022 Retrieved February 23 2022 NOT REAL NEWS A look at what didn t happen this week AP NEWS April 8 2022 Archived from the original on April 10 2022 Retrieved April 11 2022 Putka Sophie July 13 2022 Doctors Sue Twitter Over Account Suspensions Medpage Today Archived from the original on August 8 2022 Retrieved August 9 2022 a b YouTube takes down anti vax Joe Rogan interview with Dr Robert Malone news com au January 4 2022 Archived from the original on January 17 2022 Retrieved January 6 2022 Fenton Tom January 4 2022 YouTube takes down Joe Rogan interview which likened vaccines to mass psychosis The Independent Archived from the original on February 4 2022 Retrieved January 5 2022 Fact Check No evidence of pandemic mass formation psychosis say experts speaking to Reuters Reuters January 7 2022 Archived from the original on January 30 2022 Retrieved November 15 2022 Yang Maya January 22 2022 Menace to public health 270 doctors criticize Spotify over Joe Rogan s podcast The Guardian Archived from the original on January 16 2022 Retrieved January 14 2022 An Open Letter to Spotify Spotify open letter January 10 2022 Archived from the original on January 17 2022 Retrieved January 18 2022 2021 Congressional Record Vol 167 Page e1403 January 3 2022 Anti vaccine activists march in D C a city that mandates coronavirus vaccination to protest mandates The Washington Post January 23 2022 ISSN 0190 8286 Archived from the original on January 24 2022 Retrieved January 25 2022 Schallhorn Kaitlyn March 23 2022 Group rallies against COVID mandates Santa Barbara News Press Archived from the original on April 1 2022 Retrieved April 11 2022 Checknews Service December 14 2022 Qui est le controverse Dr Malone pionnier de l ARN messager dont le compte Twitter vient d etre reactive Liberation in French Archived from the original on December 14 2022 Retrieved December 14 2022 Twitter ends Covid misinformation policy under Musk BBC News November 30 2022 Archived from the original on December 15 2022 Retrieved December 14 2022 https www linkedin com pulse history how mrna vaccines were discovered jill glasspool malone phd Archived January 1 2023 at the Wayback Machine bare URL https www rwmalonemd com Archived August 3 2021 at the Wayback Machine bare URL The original invention of the use of mRNA for drugs and vaccines June 8 2021 Archived from the original on January 5 2023 Retrieved January 5 2023 The Malone Doctrine Health Conference Ireland worldcouncilforhealth org World Council for Health Archived from the original on December 19 2022 Retrieved December 19 2022 External links nbsp Scholia has a profile for Robert Malone Q37367864 Official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Robert W Malone amp oldid 1181466881, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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