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Wikipedia

Northwestern University

Northwestern University is a private research university in Evanston, Illinois. Founded in 1851,[6] Northwestern is the oldest chartered university in Illinois and is ranked among the top academic institutions in the world.[7][8][9][10]

Northwestern University
Latin: Universitas Northwestern
MottoQuaecumque sunt vera (Latin)
Ὁ Λόγος πλήρης χάριτος καὶ ἀληθείας (Greek)
Motto in English
"Whatsoever things are true" (Philippians 4:8 AV)
"The word full of grace and truth" (Gospel of John 1:14)
TypePrivate research university
EstablishedJanuary 28, 1851; 171 years ago (January 28, 1851)
AccreditationHLC
Academic affiliations
Endowment$15.4 billion (2022)[1]
PresidentMichael H. Schill
ProvostKathleen Hagerty
Academic staff
3,781 (Fall 2018)[2]
Students21,946 (Fall 2019)[3]
Undergraduates8,327 (Fall 2019)[3]
Postgraduates13,619 (Fall 2019)[3]
Location, ,
United States
CampusSmall City[4], 240 acres (97 ha)
Other campuses
NewspaperThe Daily Northwestern
ColorsNorthwestern Purple & white[5]
   
NicknameWildcats
Sporting affiliations
NCAA Division I FBSBig Ten
MascotWillie the Wildcat
Websitewww.northwestern.edu

Chartered by the Illinois General Assembly in 1851, Northwestern was established to serve the former Northwest Territory. The university was initially affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal Church but later became non-sectarian. By 1900, the university was the third largest university in the United States.[11] In 1896, Northwestern became a founding member of the Big Ten Conference,[12] and joined the Association of American Universities as an early member in 1917.

The university is composed of eleven undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools, which include the Kellogg School of Management, the Pritzker School of Law, the Feinberg School of Medicine, the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, the Bienen School of Music, the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, the Medill School of Journalism, the School of Communication, the School of Professional Studies, the School of Education and Social Policy, and The Graduate School.[13] Northwestern's campus[14] lies along the shores of Lake Michigan in Evanston. The university's law, medical, and professional schools, along with Northwestern Memorial Hospital, are located in Chicago's Streeterville neighborhood, while journalism graduate programs are located on the New Eastside. The university also maintains a campus in Education City, Qatar and academic centers in Miami, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C.[15][16][17]

Northwestern has an endowment of $15.4 billion, one of the largest university endowments in the world,[18] as well as an annual budget of around $2.5 billion.[19][20] As of fall 2021, the university had 23,410 enrolled students, including 8,817 undergraduates and 14,593 graduate students.[21] Fielding eight men's and eleven women's sports teams, the Northwestern Wildcats represent the university to compete in the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference and has remained the only private university in the conference since 1946.

Past and present Northwestern faculty and alumni have included numerous heads of state, 2 Fields Medalists, 23 Nobel Prize laureates, 43 Pulitzer Prize winners, 23 MacArthur Fellows, 28 Marshall Scholars, 94 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 19 Rhodes Scholars,[22] 10 living billionaires,[23] and 24 Olympic medalists.

Aerial Photograph of Northwestern University from Lake Michigan

History

Founding and early years

The foundation of Northwestern University can be traced to a meeting on May 31, 1850, of nine prominent Chicago businessmen, Methodist leaders, and attorneys who had formed the idea of establishing a university to serve what had been known from 1787 to 1803 as the Northwest Territory. On January 28, 1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North-Western University, making it the first chartered university in Illinois.[24][25] The school's nine founders, all of whom were Methodists (three of them ministers), knelt in prayer and worship before launching their first organizational meeting.[26] Although they affiliated the university with the Methodist Episcopal Church, they favored a non-sectarian admissions policy, believing that Northwestern should serve all people in the newly developing territory by bettering the economy in Evanston.[27]

 
University Hall (1869), the second building constructed on campus, and the oldest building still standing

John Evans, for whom Evanston is named, bought 379 acres (153 ha) of land along Lake Michigan in 1853, and Philo Judson developed plans for what would become the city of Evanston, Illinois. The first building, Old College, opened on November 5, 1855.[28] To raise funds for its construction, Northwestern sold $100 "perpetual scholarships" entitling the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition.[29][30] Another building, University Hall, was built in 1869 of the same Joliet limestone as the Chicago Water Tower, also built in 1869, one of the few buildings in the heart of Chicago to survive the Great Chicago Fire of 1871.[31]

In 1873 the Evanston College for Ladies merged with Northwestern, and Frances Willard, who later gained fame as a suffragette and as one of the founders of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), became the school's first dean of women (Willard Residential College, built in 1938, honors her name). Northwestern admitted its first female students in 1869, and the first woman graduated in 1874.[32] Northwestern fielded its first intercollegiate football team in 1882, later becoming a founding member of the Big Ten Conference. In the 1870s and 1880s, Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law, medicine, and dentistry in Chicago. Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law is the oldest law school in Chicago. As the university's enrollments grew, these professional schools were integrated with the undergraduate college in Evanston; the result was a modern research university combining professional, graduate, and undergraduate programs, which gave equal weight to teaching and research.[33][34]

20th century

By the turn of the century, Northwestern had grown in stature to become the third largest university in the United States after Harvard University and the University of Michigan.[35] Under Walter Dill Scott's presidency from 1920 to 1939, Northwestern began construction of an integrated campus in Chicago designed by James Gamble Rogers, noted for his design of the Yale University campus, to house the professional schools. The university also established the Kellogg School of Management and built several prominent buildings on the Evanston campus, including Dyche Stadium, now named Ryan Field, and Deering Library among others. In the 1920s, Northwestern became one of the first six universities in the United States to establish a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC). In 1939, Northwestern hosted the first-ever NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship game in the original Patten Gymnasium, which was later demolished and relocated farther north, along with the Dearborn Observatory, to make room for the Technological Institute.

 
Technological Institute in 1942, after the relocation of Patten Gymnasium but before the construction of the Lakefill

After the golden years of the 1920s, the Great Depression in the United States (1929–1941) had a severe impact on the university's finances. Its annual income dropped 25 percent from $4.8 million in 1930–31 to $3.6 million in 1933–34. Investment income shrank, fewer people could pay full tuition, and annual giving from alumni and philanthropists fell from $870,000 in 1932 to a low of $331,000 in 1935. The university responded with two salary cuts of 10 percent each for all employees. It imposed hiring and building freezes and slashed appropriations for maintenance, books, and research. Having had a balanced budget in 1930–31, the university now faced deficits of roughly $100,000 for the next four years. Enrollments fell in most schools, with law and music suffering the biggest declines. However, the movement toward state certification of school teachers prompted Northwestern to start a new graduate program in education, thereby bringing in new students and much-needed income. In June 1933, Robert Maynard Hutchins, president of the University of Chicago, proposed a merger of the two universities, estimating annual savings of $1.7 million. The two presidents were enthusiastic, and the faculty liked the idea; many Northwestern alumni, however, opposed it, fearing the loss of their Alma Mater and its many traditions that distinguished Northwestern from Chicago. The medical school, for example, was oriented toward training practitioners, and alumni feared it would lose its mission if it were merged into the more research-oriented University of Chicago Medical School.[36] The merger plan was ultimately dropped. In 1935, the Deering family rescued the university budget with an unrestricted gift of $6 million, bringing the budget up to $5.4 million in 1938–39. This allowed many of the previous spending cuts to be restored, including half of the salary reductions.[37]

 
Northwestern campus as seen from the north end of the Lakefill peninsula

Like other American research universities, Northwestern was transformed by World War II (1939–1945). Regular enrollment fell dramatically, but the school opened high-intensity, short-term programs that trained over 50,000 military personnel, including future president John F. Kennedy. Northwestern's existing NROTC program proved to be a boon to the university as it trained over 36,000 sailors over the course of the war, leading Northwestern to be called the "Annapolis of the Midwest."[38] Franklyn B. Snyder led the university from 1939 to 1949, and after the war, surging enrollments under the G.I. Bill drove the dramatic expansion of both campuses. In 1948, prominent anthropologist Melville J. Herskovits founded the Program of African Studies at Northwestern, the first center of its kind at an American academic institution.[39] J. Roscoe Miller's tenure as president from 1949 to 1970 saw an expansion of the Evanston campus, with the construction of the Lakefill on Lake Michigan, growth of the faculty and new academic programs, and polarizing Vietnam-era student protests. In 1978, the first and second Unabomber attacks occurred at Northwestern University.[40] Relations between Evanston and Northwestern became strained throughout much of the post-war era because of episodes of disruptive student activism,[41] disputes over municipal zoning, building codes, and law enforcement,[42] as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus until 1972.[43][44] Northwestern's exemption from state and municipal property-tax obligations under its original charter has historically been a source of town-and-gown tension.

Although government support for universities declined in the 1970s and 1980s, President Arnold R. Weber was able to stabilize university finances, leading to a revitalization of its campuses. In 1996, Princess Diana visited Northwestern's Evanston and Chicago campuses to raise money for the university hospital's Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at the invitation of then President Bienen. Her visit raised a total of $1.5 million for cancer research.[45][46][47]

21st century

As admissions to colleges and universities grew increasingly competitive in the 1990s and 2000s, President Henry S. Bienen's tenure saw a notable increase in the number and quality of undergraduate applicants, continued expansion of the facilities and faculty, and renewed athletic competitiveness. In 1999, Northwestern student journalists uncovered information exonerating Illinois death-row inmate Anthony Porter two days before his scheduled execution. The Innocence Project has since exonerated 10 more men.[48][49] On January 11, 2003, in a speech at Northwestern School of Law's Lincoln Hall, then Governor of Illinois George Ryan announced that he would commute the sentences of more than 150 death-row inmates.[50]

In the 2010s, a 5-year capital campaign resulted in a new music center, a replacement building for the business school, and a $270 million athletic complex.[51][52] In 2014, President Barack Obama delivered a seminal economics speech at the Evanston campus.[53] In 2015, Queen Máxima and King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands visited Northwestern to announce research collaborations between Northwestern and several Dutch institutions focused on the study of aging.[54] In late 2021, an additional $480 million was donated to Northwestern by the Ryan Family to be applied to research at the Kellogg School of Management and Feinberg School of Medicine, as well as for renovating Ryan Field.[55]

Campuses

Evanston

 
Sunset over Northwestern's Lakefill lagoon in 2021 with view of the Norris University Center
 
Aerial shot of Northwestern's Evanston campus

Northwestern's Evanston campus, where the undergraduate schools, the Graduate School, and the Kellogg School of Management are located, runs north–south from Lincoln Avenue to Clark Street west of Lake Michigan along Sheridan Road. North Campus is home to the fraternity quads, athletics facilities including the Henry Crown Sports Pavilion and Norris Aquatics Center, the Technological Institute, Dearborn Observatory, the Patrick G. and Shirley W. Ryan Hall for Nanofabrication and Molecular Self-Assembly, and the Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center among others. South Campus is home to the university's humanities buildings, music buildings like the Pick-Staiger Concert Hall, the Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art, and the sorority quads. In the 1960s, the university created an additional 84 acres (34.0 ha) for the campus by filling in a portion of Lake Michigan. Buildings located on the resulting Lakefill include University Library, the Patrick G. and Shirley W. Ryan Center for the Musical Arts, the Regenstein Hall of Music, Norris University Center (the student union), the Kellogg School of Management Global Hub, and various athletics facilities.

The Chicago Transit Authority's elevated train running through Evanston is called the Purple Line, taking its name from Northwestern's school color. The Foster and Davis stations are within walking distance of the southern end of the campus, while the Noyes station is close to the northern end of the campus. The Central station is close to Ryan Field, Northwestern's football stadium. The Evanston Davis Street Metra station serves the Northwestern campus in downtown Evanston and the Evanston Central Street Metra station is near Ryan Field. Pace Suburban Bus Service and the CTA have several bus routes that run through or near the Evanston campus.

 
Panorama of Northwestern University

Chicago

 
The Montgomery Ward Memorial Building (1927) at Northwestern's Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, America's first academic skyscraper[56]

Northwestern's Chicago campus is located in the city's Streeterville neighborhood near Lake Michigan. The Chicago campus is home to the nationally ranked Northwestern Memorial Hospital, the medical school, the law school, the part-time MBA program, and the School of Professional Studies. Medill's one-year graduate program rents a floor on Wacker Drive, across the river from Streeterville and separate from the rest of the campus. Northwestern's professional schools and a number of its affiliated hospitals are located approximately four blocks east of the Chicago station on the CTA Red Line. The Chicago campus is also served by CTA bus routes.

Founded at varying points in the university's history, the professional schools originally were scattered throughout Chicago.[57] In connection with a 1917 master plan for a central Chicago campus and President Walter Dill Scott's capital campaign, 8.5 acres (3.44 ha) of land were purchased at the corner of Chicago Avenue and Lake Shore Drive for $1.5 million in 1920.[57][58] Architect James Gamble Rogers was commissioned to create a master plan for the principal buildings on the new campus, which he designed in collegiate gothic style. In 1923, Mrs. Montgomery Ward donated $8 million to the campaign to finance the construction of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building, which would house the medical and dental schools, and create endowments for faculty chairs, research grants, scholarships, and building maintenance.[59] The building would become the first university skyscraper in the United States.[56] In addition to the Ward Building, Rogers designed Wieboldt Hall to house facilities for the School of Commerce[60] and Levy Mayer Hall to house the School of Law.[61] The new campus comprising these three new buildings was dedicated during a two-day ceremony in June 1927. The Chicago campus continued to expand with the addition of Thorne Hall in 1931 and Abbott Hall in 1939.[57][62] In October 2013, Northwestern began the demolition of the architecturally significant Prentice Women's Hospital. Eric G. Neilson, dean of the medical school, penned an op-ed that equated retaining the building with loss of life.[63]

Education City

In Fall 2008, Northwestern opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar, joining five other American universities: Carnegie Mellon University, Cornell University, Georgetown University, Texas A&M University, and Virginia Commonwealth University.[64] Through the Medill School of Journalism and School of Communication, NU-Q offers bachelor's degrees in journalism and communications respectively.[65] However, some have questioned whether NU-Q can truly offer a comparable journalism program to that of its U.S. campus given Qatar's instances of censorship and strict limits on journalistic and academic freedoms.[66][67] The Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development, a private charitable institution founded by former emir Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and his wife and mother of the current emir Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, provided funding for construction and administrative costs, as well as support to hire 50 to 60 faculty and staff, some of whom rotate between the Evanston and Qatar campuses.[68][69] Northwestern receives roughly $45 million per year to operate the campus.[67] In February 2016, Northwestern reached an agreement with the Qatar Foundation to extend the operations of the NU-Q branch for an additional decade, through the 2027–2028 academic year.[70] Like other universities with campuses in Doha, Northwestern has received criticism for accepting money from a country with a poor human rights record.[67][71][72]

Organization and administration

 
Weber Arch

Governance

Northwestern is privately owned and governed by an appointed Board of Trustees, which is composed of 70 members and, as of 2011, has been chaired by William A. Osborn '69. The board delegates its power to an elected president who serves as the chief executive officer of the university.[73] Northwestern has had sixteen presidents in its history (excluding interim presidents). The current president, economist Morton O. Schapiro, succeeded Henry Bienen whose 14-year tenure ended on August 31, 2009.[74][75][76] The president maintains a staff of vice presidents, directors, and other assistants for administrative, financial, faculty, and student matters.[77] Kathleen Haggerty assumed the role of interim provost for the university in April 2020.

Students are formally involved in the university's administration through the Associated Student Government, elected representatives of the undergraduate students, and the Graduate Student Association, which represents the university's graduate students.[78][79]

The admission requirements, degree requirements, courses of study, and disciplinary and degree recommendations for each of Northwestern's 12 schools are determined by the voting members of that school's faculty (assistant professor and above).[80]

Undergraduate and graduate schools Graduate and professional
Evanston Campus Evanston Campus

Chicago Campus

The graduate Medill School shares no connection to the rest of the Chicago campus, though it is also based downtown. Northwestern University had a dental school from 1891 to May 31, 2001, when it closed.[81]

Endowment

Northwestern maintains an endowment of $16.1 billion, one of the largest university endowments in the world.[18] The endowment is sustained through continued donations and is maintained by investment advisers at the university's Investment Office.[82]

In 2003, Northwestern finished a five-year capital campaign that raised $1.55 billion, exceeding its fundraising goal by $550 million. In 2014, Northwestern launched the "We Will" campaign with a fundraising goal of $3.75 billion. As of December 31, 2019, the university has received $4.78 billion from 164,026 donors.[83]

Sustainability

In January 2009, the Green Power Partnership (sponsored by the EPA) listed Northwestern as one of the top 10 universities in the country in purchasing energy from renewable sources. The university matches 74 million kilowatt hours (kWh) of its annual energy use with Green-e Certified Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs). This green power commitment represents 30 percent of the university's total annual electricity use and places Northwestern in the EPA's Green Power Leadership Club. The Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN), supporting research, teaching, and outreach in these themes, was launched in 2008.[84]

Northwestern requires that all new buildings be LEED-certified. Silverman Hall on the Evanston campus was awarded Gold LEED Certification in 2010; Wieboldt Hall on the Chicago campus was awarded Gold LEED Certification in 2007, and the Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center on the Evanston campus was awarded Silver LEED Certification in 2006. New construction and renovation projects will be designed to provide at least a 20% improvement over energy code requirements where feasible.[85] At the beginning of the 2008–09 academic year, the university also released the Evanston Campus Framework Plan, which outlines plans for future development of the university's Evanston campus. The plan not only emphasizes sustainable building construction but also focuses on reducing the energy costs of transportation by optimizing pedestrian and bicycle access.[86] Northwestern has had a comprehensive recycling program in place since 1990. The university recycles over 1,500 tons of waste, or 30% of all waste produced on campus, each year. All landscape waste at the university is composted.[84]

Academics

Admissions

Admissions statistics
2020 entering
class[87]Change vs.
2015[88]

Admit rate9.3%
(  −3.9)
Yield rate52.0%
(  +4.5)
Test scores middle 50%
SAT Total1430-1540
(  +5 median)
ACT Composite33–35
(  +1 median)

Northwestern is among the most selective universities in the United States, and admissions are characterized as "most selective" by U.S. News & World Report.[89] Northwestern received a total of 47,633 applications for the Class of 2025 and admitted 3,239 students for an acceptance rate of 6.8%.[90] For the Class of 2023, the interquartile range (middle 50%) on the post-2016 SAT was a combined (verbal and math) 1450-1550 out of 1600. ACT composite scores for the middle 50% ranged from 33 to 35 out of 36, and 92% ranked in the top ten percent of their respective high school classes.[91][92]

In April 2016, Northwestern became one of 15 Illinois universities to sign on to the Chicago Star Partnership, a City Colleges initiative aimed at increasing opportunities for students in the city's public school district. Through this partnership, the university provides scholarships to students who "graduate from Chicago Public Schools, get their associate degree from one of the city's community colleges, and then get admitted to a bachelor's degree program."[93]

Despite having one of the lowest acceptance rates in the United States, Northwestern, among other prestigious colleges such as Vanderbilt, has come under scrutiny for "artificial deflation" of their acceptance rate,[94] with more than 50% of the class being accepted in the binding Early Decision round. [95]

Education and rankings

Northwestern is a large, residential research university,[104] and is frequently ranked among the top universities in the United States. The university is a leading institution in the fields of materials engineering, chemistry, business, economics, education, journalism, and communications. It is also prominent in law and medicine. Accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and the respective national professional organizations for chemistry, psychology, business, education, journalism, music, engineering, law, and medicine,[105] the university offers 124 undergraduate programs and 145 graduate and professional programs.[106][107] Northwestern conferred 2,190 bachelor's degrees, 3,272 master's degrees, 565 doctoral degrees, and 444 professional degrees in 2012–2013.[108] Since 1951, Northwestern has awarded 520 honorary degrees.[109][110] Northwestern also has chapters of academic honor societies such as Phi Beta Kappa (Alpha of Illinois), Eta Kappa Nu, Tau Beta Pi, Eta Sigma Phi (Beta Chapter),[111] Lambda Pi Eta,[112] and Alpha Sigma Lambda (Alpha Chapter).[113]

Northwestern is known for its focus on interdisciplinary education, extensive research output, and collaborative student culture. The university provides instruction in over 200 formal academic concentrations, including various dual degree programs.[114] The four-year, full-time undergraduate program comprises the majority of enrollments at the university.[104] Although there is no university-wide core curriculum, a foundation in the liberal arts and sciences are required for all majors; individual degree requirements are set by the faculty of each school.[80] The university heavily emphasizes interdisciplinary learning, with 72% of undergrads combining two or more areas of study.[115] Northwestern's full-time undergraduate and graduate programs operate on an approximately 10-week academic quarter system with the academic year beginning in late September and ending in early June. Under the regular academic calendar, each quarter contains a four-day Reading Period in between the end of classes and the beginning of finals.[116] Undergraduates typically take four courses each quarter and twelve courses in an academic year and[117] are required to complete at least twelve quarters on campus to graduate. Northwestern offers honors, accelerated, and joint degree programs in medicine, science, mathematics, engineering, and journalism.[118] The comprehensive doctoral graduate program has high coexistence with undergraduate programs.[104]

Despite being a mid-sized university, Northwestern maintains a relatively low student-to-faculty ratio of 6:1.

In 2022, Northwestern University, Kellogg School of Management's Executive MBA program ranked 11th in the QS International Trade Rankings in partnership with the Hinrich Foundation.

Research

 
Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center (2005)

Northwestern was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1917 and is classified as an R1 university, denoting "very high" research activity.[104][119] Northwestern's schools of management, engineering, and communication are among the most academically productive in the nation.[120] The university received $887.3 million in research funding in 2019 and houses over 90 school-based and 40 university-wide research institutes and centers.[121] Northwestern also supports nearly 1,500 research laboratories across two campuses, predominantly in the medical and biological sciences.

Northwestern is home to the Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, Northwestern Institute for Complex Systems, Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, Materials Research Center, Center for Quantum Devices, Institute for Policy Research, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Buffet Center for International and Comparative Studies, the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern,[84] and the Argonne/Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center among other centers for interdisciplinary research.[122]

Innovations and entrepreneurship

In 2013 alone, Northwestern researchers disclosed 247 inventions, filed 270 patent applications, received 81 foreign and US patents, started 12 companies, and generated $79.8 million in licensing revenue. The Innovation and New Ventures Office (INVO) has been involved in creating the Center for Developmental Therapeutics (CDT)[123] and the Center for Device Development (CD2).[124]

Northwestern files hundreds of patents each year, ranking among the top 20 universities in the world in terms of U.S. utility patents.[125] One of the university's most successful current patents is pregabalin, a synthesized organic molecule developed at the university by chemistry professor Richard Bruce Silverman (for whom Silverman Hall was named). It was ultimately marketed as Lyrica, a drug sold by Pfizer, to combat epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia.

Northwestern has an extensive history of producing prominent businessmen and entrepreneurs. Notable companies founded by Northwestern alumni include Groupon, The Blackstone Group, Booz Allen Hamilton, U.S. Steel, Kirkland & Ellis, Guggenheim Partners, Accenture, Aon Corporation, and AQR Capital.

The university also runs The Garage, and interdisciplinary innovation and entrepreneurship space and community for student-run startups.

Libraries and museums

 
University Library (1970), in Brutalist style

The Northwestern library system consists of four libraries on the Evanston campus including the present main library, University Library, and the original library building, Deering Library; three libraries on the Chicago campus; and the library affiliated with Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary.[126] The University Library contains over 4.9 million volumes, 4.6 million microforms, and almost 99,000 periodicals.[126][127] The University Library is the 22nd-largest university library in North America based on total number of titles held.

Notable collections in the library system include the Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, the largest Africana collection in the world,[128] an extensive collection of early edition printed music and manuscripts as well as late-modern works, and an art collection noted for its 19th and 20th-century Western art and architecture periodicals.[129] The Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art, a major art museum in Chicago, contains more than 4,000 works in its permanent collection. It dedicates a third of its space to temporary and traveling exhibitions.[130] The Holocaust Educational Foundation, which had previously endowed the Theodore Zev Weiss – Holocaust Educational Foundation Professorship in Holocaust Studies, became part of Northwestern in 2011.[131][132]

Northwestern, along with 15 other universities, participates in digitizing its collections as part of the Google Book Search project.[129]

Student life

Student body

Student body composition as of May 2, 2022
Race and ethnicity[133] Total
White 42% 42
 
Asian 19% 19
 
Hispanic 13% 13
 
Foreign national 10% 10
 
Other[a] 9% 9
 
Black 6% 6
 
Economic diversity
Low-income[b] 20% 20
 
Affluent[c] 80% 80
 

Northwestern enrolled 8,186 full-time undergraduates, 9,904 full-time graduates, and 3,856 part-time students in the 2019–2020 academic year. The freshman retention rate for that year was 98%.[134] 86% of students graduated after four years and 92% graduated after five years.[135] These numbers can largely be attributed to the university's various specialized degree programs, such as those that allow students to earn master's degrees with a one or two-year extension of their undergraduate program.

The undergraduate population is drawn from all 50 states and over 75 foreign countries. 20% of students in the Class of 2024 were Pell Grant recipients and 12.56% were first-generation college students.[136] Northwestern also enrolls the 9th-most National Merit Scholars of any university in the nation.

In Fall 2014, 40.6% of undergraduate students were enrolled in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, 21.3% in the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, 14.3% in the School of Communication, 11.7% in the Medill School of Journalism, 5.7% in the Bienen School of Music, and 6.4% in the School of Education and Social Policy.[137] The five most commonly awarded undergraduate degrees are economics, journalism, communication studies, psychology, and political science.[138] The Kellogg School of Management's MBA, the School of Law's JD, and the Feinberg School of Medicine's MD are the three largest professional degree programs by enrollment.[137] With 2,446 students enrolled in science, engineering, and health fields,[139] the largest graduate programs by enrollment include chemistry, integrated biology, material sciences, electrical and computer engineering, neuroscience, and economics.[140]

Undergraduate housing

Northwestern offers both traditional residence halls and residential colleges for students who share a particular intellectual interest. The residential colleges include Ayers College of Commerce and Industry, Chapin Hall (Humanities), East Fairchild (Communications), Hobart House (women's), Jones Residential College (Fine and Performing Arts), the Public Affairs Residential College, the Residential College of Cultural and Community Studies, Shepard Residential College (multi-thematic), Slivka Residential College for Science and Engineering, West Fairchild (International Studies), and Willard Residential College (multi-thematic). Residence halls include Allison Hall, Bobb-McCulloch, Elder Hall, Foster-Walker Complex (commonly referred to as Plex), Rogers House, and Shapiro Hall (formerly known as 560 Lincoln) among others.

An estimated 20% of undergraduates are affiliated with a fraternity or sorority.[141] Northwestern recognizes 21 fraternities and 18 sororities.[142]

Athletics

 
Ryan Field, Northwestern's 49,000-seat football stadium

Northwestern is a charter member of the Big Ten Conference. It is the conference's only private university and possesses the smallest undergraduate enrollment (the next-smallest member, the University of Iowa, is roughly three times as large, with almost 22,000 undergraduates).

Northwestern fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams (8 men's and 11 women's) in addition to numerous club sports.[143] 12 of Northwestern's varsity programs have had NCAA or bowl postseason appearances. Northwestern is one of five private AAU members to compete in NCAA Power Five conferences (the other four are Duke, Stanford, USC, and Vanderbilt) and maintains a 98% NCAA Graduation Success Rate, the highest among Football Bowl Subdivision schools.

In 2018, the school opened the Walter Athletics Center, a $270 million state-of-the-art lakefront facility for its athletics teams.[144]

Nickname and mascot

Before 1924, Northwestern teams were known as "The Purple" and unofficially as "The Fighting Methodists." The name Wildcats was bestowed upon the university in 1924 by Wallace Abbey, a writer for the Chicago Daily Tribune, who wrote that even in a loss to the University of Chicago, "Football players had not come down from Evanston; wildcats would be a name better suited to [Coach Glenn] Thistletwaite's boys."[145] The name was so popular that university board members made "Wildcats" the official nickname just months later. In 1972, the student body voted to change the official nickname to "Purple Haze," but the new name never stuck.[146]

The mascot of Northwestern Athletics is Willie the Wildcat. Prior to Willie, the team mascot had been a live, caged bear cub from the Lincoln Park Zoo named Furpaw, who was brought to the playing field on game days to greet the fans. After a losing season, the team decided that Furpaw was to blame for its misfortune and decided to select a new mascot. Willie the Wildcat made his debut in 1933, first as a logo and then in three dimensions in 1947, when members of the Alpha Delta fraternity dressed as wildcats during a Homecoming Parade.

Lacrosse

The women's lacrosse team holds several scoring records and was undefeated in 2005 and 2009, winning five consecutive NCAA national championships during those years. It also won NCAA championships in 2011 and 2012, giving them a total of 7 NCAA championships in 8 years.[147][148][149]

Football

Northwestern's football team has made 73 appearances in the top 10 of the AP poll since 1936 (including 5 at #1) and has won eight Big Ten conference championships since 1903.[150][151][152] At one time, Northwestern had the longest losing streak in Division I-A, losing 34 consecutive games between 1979 and 1982.[153][154] They did not appear in a bowl game after 1949 until the 1996 Rose Bowl. The team did not win a bowl since the 1949 Rose Bowl until the 2013 Gator Bowl. Following the sudden death of football coach Randy Walker in 2006,[155] 31-year-old former All-American Northwestern linebacker Pat Fitzgerald assumed the position, becoming the youngest Division I FBS coach at the time.[156][157]

Basketball

The Helms Athletic Foundation named the men's basketball team the 1931 National Champion.[158] In 2017, the men's basketball team earned an NCAA berth for the first time in the program's history. They won their first-round matchup against Vanderbilt University but lost to number-one seed Gonzaga in the second round.[159]

In 1998, two former Northwestern basketball players were charged and convicted for sports bribery, having been paid to shave points in games against three other Big Ten schools during the 1995 season.[160][161][162] The football team became embroiled in a different betting scandal later that year when federal prosecutors indicted four former players for perjury related to betting on their own games.[163] In August 2001, Rashidi Wheeler, a senior safety, collapsed and died during practice from an asthma attack.[164][165] An autopsy revealed that he had ephedrine, a stimulant banned by the NCAA, in his system, which prompted Northwestern to investigate the prevalence of stimulants and other banned substances across all of its athletic programs.[166][167] In 2006, the Northwestern women's soccer team was suspended and coach Jenny Haigh resigned following the release of images of alleged hazing.[168][169]

 
The Rock in front of University Hall

Traditions

  • Northwestern's official motto, "Quaecumque sunt vera," was adopted by the university in 1890. The Latin phrase translates to "Whatsoever things are true" and comes from the Epistle of Paul to the Philippians (Philippians 4:8), in which St. Paul admonishes the Christians in the Greek city of Philippi. In addition to this motto, the university crest features a Greek phrase taken from the Gospel of John inscribed on the pages of an open book, ήρης χάριτος και αληθείας or "the word full of grace and truth" (John 1:14).[170][171]
  • "Alma Mater" is the Northwestern Hymn. The original Latin version of the hymn was written in 1907 by Peter Christian Lutkin, the first dean of the School of Music from 1883 to 1931. In 1953, then Director-of-Bands John Paynter recruited an undergraduate music student, Thomas Tyra ('54), to write an English version of the song, which today is performed by the Marching Band during halftime at Wildcat football games and by the orchestra during ceremonies and other special occasions.[172]
  • Purple became Northwestern's official color in 1892,[173] replacing black and gold after a university committee concluded that too many other universities had used these colors. Today, Northwestern's official color is purple, although white is something of an official color as well, being mentioned in both the university's earliest song, Alma Mater (1907) ("Hail to purple, hail to white") and in many university guidelines.[174][175]
  • The Rock, a 6-foot high quartzite boulder donated by the Class of 1902, originally served as a water fountain. It was painted over by students in the 1940s as a prank and has since become a popular vehicle of self-expression on campus.[176]
  • Dillo Day is the largest student-run music festival in the nation, hosted annually on the Lakefill. The festival is celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2022.[172][177]
  • Primal Scream is held every quarter at 9 p.m. on the Sunday before finals week. Students lean out of windows or gather in courtyards and scream to help relieve stress.[178]
  • In the past, students would throw marshmallows during football games, but this tradition has since been discontinued.[179]

Philanthropy

One of Northwestern's most notable student charity events is Dance Marathon, the most established and largest student-run philanthropy in the nation. The annual 30-hour event is among the most widely attended events on campus. It has raised over $1 million for charity every year since 2011 and has donated a total of $13 million to children's charities since its conception.[180]

The Northwestern Community Development Corps (NCDC) is a student-run organization that connects hundreds of student volunteers to community development projects in Evanston and Chicago throughout the year. The group also holds a number of annual community events, including Project Pumpkin, a Halloween celebration that provides over 800 local children with carnival events and a safe venue to trick-or-treat each year.[181]

Many Northwestern students participate in the Freshman Urban Program, an initiative for students interested in community service to work on addressing social issues facing the city of Chicago,[182] and the university's Global Engagement Studies Institute (GESI) programs, including group service-learning expeditions in Asia, Africa, or Latin America in conjunction with the Foundation for Sustainable Development.[183]

Several international nongovernmental organizations were established at Northwestern, including the World Health Imaging, Informatics and Telemedicine Alliance, a spin-off from an engineering student's honors thesis.[184][185]

Performing arts

Northwestern is a prolific producer of successful entertainers and a nationally reputed hub for collegiate performing arts. The Student Theatre Coalition, or StuCo, organizes nine student theater companies, multiple performance groups, and over sixty independent productions each year.[186] The two most notable productions are The Waa-Mu Show, an original musical written and produced entirely by students,[187] and the Dolphin show. Children's theater is represented on campus by Griffin's Tale and Purple Crayon Players.[188]

Chicago's renowned Lookingglass Theatre Company, which began life in the Great Room of Jones Residential College, was founded in 1988 by several university alumni, including David Schwimmer. It received the Regional Tony Award in 2011 and has won over 45 Joseph Jefferson Awards in its 30 Seasons.[189]

The undergraduate students maintain twelve a cappella groups, including THUNK a cappella, the Northwestern Undertones, Freshman Fifteen A Cappella, ShireiNU A Cappella, and Purple Haze.[190]

Media

Print

  • Established in 1881, The Daily Northwestern is the university's main student newspaper and is published on weekdays during the academic year. It is directed entirely by undergraduate students and owned by the Students Publishing Company. Although it serves the Northwestern community, the Daily has no business ties to the university and is supported wholly by advertisers.
  • North by Northwestern is an online undergraduate magazine established in September 2006 by students at the Medill School of Journalism. Published on weekdays, it consists of updates on news stories and special events throughout the year. It also publishes a quarterly print magazine.
  • Syllabus is the university's undergraduate yearbook. It is distributed in late May and features a culmination of the year's events at Northwestern. First published in 1885, the yearbook is published by Students Publishing Company and edited by Northwestern students.
  • Northwestern Flipside is an undergraduate satirical magazine. Founded in 2009, it publishes a weekly issue both in print and online.
  • Helicon is the university's undergraduate literary magazine. Established in 1979, it is published twice a year: a web issue is released in the winter and a print issue with a web complement is released in the spring.
  • The Protest is Northwestern's quarterly social justice magazine.
  • The Northwestern division of Student Multicultural Affairs supports a number of publications for particular cultural groups including Ahora, a magazine about Hispanic and Latino/a culture and campus life; Al Bayan, published by the Northwestern Muslim-cultural Student Association; BlackBoard Magazine, a magazine centered around African-American student life; and NUAsian, a magazine and blog on Asian and Asian-American culture and issues.[191]
  • The Northwestern University Law Review is a scholarly legal publication and student organization at Northwestern University School of Law. Its primary purpose is to publish a journal of broad legal scholarship. The Law Review publishes six issues each year. Student editors make the editorial and organizational decisions and select articles submitted by professors, judges, and practitioners, as well as student pieces. The Law Review also publishes scholarly pieces weekly on the Colloquy.
  • The Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property is a law review published by an independent student organization at Northwestern University School of Law.
  • The Northwestern Interdisciplinary Law Review is a scholarly legal publication published annually by an editorial board of Northwestern undergraduates. Its mission is to publish interdisciplinary legal research, drawing from fields such as history, literature, economics, philosophy, and art. Founded in 2008, the journal features articles by professors, law students, practitioners, and undergraduates. It is funded by the Buffett Center for International and Comparative Studies and the Office of the Provost.

Web-based

  • Established in January 2011, Sherman Ave is a satirical website that often publishes content on Northwestern student life.[192] Most of its staff writers are current Northwestern undergraduates writing under various pseudonyms. The website is popular among students for its interviews of prominent campus figures,[193] "Freshman Guide",[194] and live-tweeting coverage of football games.[195] In Fall 2012, the website promoted a satiric campaign to end the Vanderbilt University football team's custom of clubbing baby seals.[196][197]
  • Politics & Policy is dedicated to the analysis of current events and public policy. Established in 2010 by students at the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, School of Communication, and Medill School of Journalism, the publication reaches students on more than 250 college campuses around the world. Run entirely by undergraduates, it is published several times a week and features material ranging from short summaries of events to extended research pieces. The publication is financed in part by the Buffett Center.
  • Northwestern Business Review is a campus source for business news. Founded in 2005, it has an online presence as well as a quarterly print schedule.
  • TriQuarterly Online (formerly TriQuarterly) is a literary magazine published twice a year featuring poetry, fiction, nonfiction, drama, literary essays, reviews, blog posts, and art.
  • The Queer Reader is Northwestern's first radical feminist and LGBTQ+ publication.

Radio, film, and television

  • WNUR (89.3 FM) is a 7,200-watt radio station that broadcasts to the city of Chicago and its northern suburbs. WNUR's programming consists of music (jazz, classical, and rock), literature, politics, current events, varsity sports (football, men's and women's basketball, baseball, softball, and women's lacrosse), and breaking news on weekdays.[198]
  • Studio 22 is a student-run production company that produces roughly ten films each year. The organization financed the first film Zach Braff directed, and many of its films have featured students who would later go into professional acting, including Zach Gilford of Friday Night Lights.[199]
  • Applause for a Cause is currently the only student-run production company in the nation to create feature-length films for charity. It was founded in 2010 and has raised over $5,000 to date for various local and national organizations across the United States.
  • Northwestern News Network is a student television news and sports network, serving the Northwestern and Evanston communities. Its studios and newsroom are located on the fourth floor of the McCormick Tribune Center on Northwestern's Evanston campus. NNN is funded by the Medill School of Journalism.

Speech and debate

The Northwestern Debate Society has won fifteen National Debate Tournaments, the highest number of any university. Notable alumni of the society include Erwin Chemerinsky, legal scholar and Dean of UC Berkeley School of Law, and Elliot Mincberg of People For the American Way.

Northwestern's Mock Trial team had two teams qualify for the 2018 National Championship Tournament hosted by the American Mock Trial Association, making Northwestern one of seven schools in the nation to be represented by multiple teams at the competition.[200] One of the two teams finished 9th in their division and is ranked 20th in the country out of roughly 750 teams for the 2018–2019 season.[201][202][203]

People

Alumni

Northwestern alumni have included numerous prominent figures in journalism, government, literature, business, science, performing arts, education, and medicine. Among U.S. universities, Northwestern ranks eighth in the number of billionaires produced.[204]

Some of Northwestern's most notable alumni include U.S. Senator and presidential candidate George McGovern, Nobel Prize-winning economist George J. Stigler, Nobel Prize-winning novelist Saul Bellow, Pulitzer Prize-winning composer and diarist Ned Rorem, decorated composer Howard Hanson, Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey Ali Babacan, historian and novelist Wilma Dykeman, sociologist and adviser of CEPAL Fernando Filgueira, and the founder of the presidential prayer breakfast Abraham Vereide.

U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice John Paul Stevens, Supreme Court Justice and Ambassador to the United Nations Arthur Joseph Goldberg, Chicago Mayor Harold L. Washington, Governor of Illinois and Democratic presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson, and former lawyer, Cincinnati mayor, news anchor, and current tabloid talk host Jerry Springer are among the graduates of the Northwestern School of Law.

Northwestern alumnus David J. Skorton serves has been president and chief executive officer of the Association of American Medical Colleges since July 15, 2019

Northwestern's School of Communication is well known for producing successful actors, actresses, playwrights, and film and television writers and directors.

Alumni who have made their mark on film and television include Ann-Margret, Warren Beatty, Jodie Markell, Paul Lynde, David Schwimmer, Anne Dudek, Zach Braff, Zooey Deschanel, Marg Helgenberger, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Meghan Markle (later known as the Duchess of Sussex), Jerry Orbach, Jennifer Jones, Megan Mullally, John Cameron Mitchell, Dermot Mulroney, Charlton Heston, Richard Kind, Ana Gasteyer, Brad Hall, Shelley Long, William Daniels, Cloris Leachman, Bonnie Bartlett, Paula Prentiss, Richard Benjamin, Laura Innes, Charles Busch, Stephanie March, Tony Roberts, Jeri Ryan, Kimberly Williams-Paisley, McLean Stevenson, Tony Randall, Charlotte Rae, Patricia Neal, Tom Virtue, Nancy Dussault, Robert Reed, Mara Brock Akil, Greg Berlanti, Bill Nuss, Dan Shor, Seth Meyers, Peter Spears, Frank DeCaro, Zach Gilford, Nicole Sullivan, Stephen Colbert, Billy Eichner, Sandra Seacat and Garry Marshall. Directors who were graduated from Northwestern include Gerald Freedman, Stuart Hagmann, Marshall W. Mason, Allison Burnett, Michael Greif, and Mary Zimmerman.

Alumni such as Sheldon Harnick, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Heather Headley, Kristen Schaal, Lily Rabe, and Walter Kerr have distinguished themselves on Broadway, as has designer Bob Mackie. Amsterdam-based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni, and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City, I.O., ComedySportz, Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent.[205][206][207] Tam Spiva wrote scripts for The Brady Bunch and Gentle Ben. In New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, the number of Northwestern alumni involved in theater, film, and television is so large that the alumni have been dubbed the "Northwestern mafia."[208][209]

The Medill School of Journalism has produced notable journalists and political activists including 42 Pulitzer Prize laureates. National correspondents, reporters and columnists such as The New York Times' Elisabeth Bumiller, David Barstow, Dean Murphy, and Vincent Laforet, USA Today's Gary Levin, Susan Page and Christine Brennan, NBC correspondent Kelly O'Donnell, CBS correspondent Richard Threlkeld, CNN correspondent Nicole Lapin, former CNN and current Al Jazeera America anchor Joie Chen, sports broadcasting legend Brent Musburger, and ESPN personalities Rachel Nichols, Michael Wilbon, Mike Greenberg, Steve Weissman, J. A. Adande, and Kevin Blackistone. The bestselling author of the A Song of Ice and Fire series, George R. R. Martin, earned a B.S. and M.S. from Medill.[210][211] Elisabeth Leamy is the recipient of 13 Emmy awards[212][213][214] and four Edward R. Murrow Awards.[214]

The Feinberg School of Medicine (previously the Northwestern University Medical School) has produced a number of notable graduates, including Mary Harris Thompson, Class of 1870, ad eundem, first female surgeon in Chicago, first female surgeon at Cook County Hospital, and founder of the Mary Thomson Hospital; Roswell Park, Class of 1876, prominent surgeon for whom Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, New York, is named; Daniel Hale Williams, Class of 1883, performed the first successful American open heart surgery; only black charter member of the American College of Surgeons, Charles Horace Mayo, Class of 1888, co-founder of Mayo Clinic; Carlos Montezuma, Class of 1889, one of the first Native Americans to receive a Doctor of Medicine degree from any school, and founder of the Society of American Indians; Howard T. Ricketts, Class of 1897, who discovered bacteria of the genus Rickettsia, and identified the cause and methods of transmission of rocky mountain spotted fever; Allen B. Kanavel, Class of 1899, founder, regent, and president of the American College of Surgeons, internationally recognized as the founder of modern hand and peripheral nerve surgery; Robert F. Furchgott, Class of 1940, recipient of a Lasker Award in 1996 and the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his co-discovery of nitric oxide; Thomas E. Starzl, Class of 1952, who performed the first successful liver transplant in 1967 and received the National Medal of Science in 2004 and a Lasker Award in 2012; Joseph P. Kerwin, first physician in space, flew on the Skylab 2 mission and later served as director of Space and Life Sciences at NASA; C. Richard Schlegel, Class of 1972, developed the dominant patent for a vaccine against human papillomavirus (administered as Gardasil) to prevent cervical cancer; David J. Skorton, Class of 1974, cardiologist who became president of Cornell University in 2006; and Andrew E. Senyei, Class of 1979, inventor, venture capitalist, and entrepreneur, founder of biotech and genetics companies, and a university trustee.

Northwestern alumni have founded notable companies and organizations such as the Mayo Clinic, The Blackstone Group, Kirkland & Ellis, U.S. Steel, Guggenheim Partners, Accenture, Aon Corporation, AQR Capital, Booz Allen Hamilton, and Melvin Capital.

Northwestern alumni involved in music include Steve Albini, Thomas Tyra, Andrew Bird, Robert Davine, Joshua Radin, Frederick Swann, Augusta Read Thomas, Gil Trythall, members of Arcade Fire, The Lawrence Arms, Pharrell Williams, Chavez, Dawen, A Liang (Linton St) and OK Go.

Northwestern alumni involved in athletics include Chicago Bulls and Chicago White Sox owner Jerry Reinsdorf, sprinter Betty Robinson, Rick Sund (NBA), Billy McKinney (NBA), Mark Loretta (MLB), Joe Girardi (MLB), Luis Castillo (NFL), Ernie Adams (NFL), Paddy Driscoll (NFL), Otto Graham (NFL), Anthony Walker Jr. (NFL), Mike Adamle (NFL), Mike Kafka (NFL), Trevor Siemian (NFL), Greg Newsome II (NFL), Luke Johnsos (NFL), six-time Olympic medalist Matt Grevers, Irv Cross (NFL) and PGA Tour star Luke Donald.

Faculty

The university employs 3,781 faculty members across its eleven schools,[2] including 18 members of the National Academy of Sciences,[215] 65 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,[216] 19 members of the National Academy of Engineering,[217] and 6 members of the Institute of Medicine.[218] Notable faculty include 2010 Nobel Prize–winning economist Dale T. Mortensen;[219] nano-scientists Chad Mirkin and Samuel I. Stupp; Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering winner Manijeh Razeghi; Tony Award-winning director Mary Zimmerman; management expert Philip Kotler; King Faisal International Prize in Science recipient and Nobel laureate Sir Fraser Stoddart; Steppenwolf Theatre director Anna Shapiro; sexual psychologist J. Michael Bailey;[220] Federalist Society co-founder Steven Calabresi;[221] former Weatherman Bernardine Rae Dohrn;[222] ethnographer Gary Alan Fine;[223] Pulitzer Prize–winning historian Garry Wills;[224] American Academy of Arts and Sciences fellow Monica Olvera de la Cruz and MacArthur Fellowship recipients Stuart Dybek, Jennifer Richeson, Amy Rosenzweig, John A. Rogers, Mark Hersam, William Dichtel, and Dylan Penningroth. The faculty also includes Holocaust denier Arthur Butz[225] and Richard Bruce Silverman, inventor of Lyrica (Pregabalin). Notable former faculty include political advisor David Axelrod,[226][227] artists William Conger, Judy Ledgerwood, Ed Paschke,[228] and James Valerio, writer Charles Newman,[229] Nobel Prize–winning chemist John Pople,[230] and military sociologist and "don't ask, don't tell" author Charles Moskos.[231]

Notes

  1. ^ Other consists of Multiracial Americans & those who prefer to not say.
  2. ^ The percentage of students who received an income-based federal Pell grant intended for low-income students.
  3. ^ The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum.

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Sources

Work cited

Further reading

  • Pridmore, Jay (2000). Northwestern University: Celebrating 150 Years. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press. ISBN 0-8101-1829-7.

External links

  • Official website  
  • Official athletics website
  • "Northwestern University" . The New Student's Reference Work . 1914.
  • "Northwestern University" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
  • "Chicago Dance History Project / Interviews with Dancers connected to Northwestern University"

Coordinates: 42°03′17″N 87°40′26″W / 42.0548°N 87.6739°W / 42.0548; -87.6739

northwestern, university, other, universities, with, similar, name, disambiguation, private, research, university, evanston, illinois, founded, 1851, northwestern, oldest, chartered, university, illinois, ranked, among, academic, institutions, world, latin, un. For other universities with a similar name see Northwestern University disambiguation Northwestern University is a private research university in Evanston Illinois Founded in 1851 6 Northwestern is the oldest chartered university in Illinois and is ranked among the top academic institutions in the world 7 8 9 10 Northwestern UniversityLatin Universitas NorthwesternMottoQuaecumque sunt vera Latin Ὁ Logos plhrhs xaritos kaὶ ἀlh8eias Greek Motto in English Whatsoever things are true Philippians 4 8 AV The word full of grace and truth Gospel of John 1 14 TypePrivate research universityEstablishedJanuary 28 1851 171 years ago January 28 1851 AccreditationHLCAcademic affiliationsAAUURANAICUCOFHEIAMSCU568 GroupSpace grantEndowment 15 4 billion 2022 1 PresidentMichael H SchillProvostKathleen HagertyAcademic staff3 781 Fall 2018 2 Students21 946 Fall 2019 3 Undergraduates8 327 Fall 2019 3 Postgraduates13 619 Fall 2019 3 LocationEvanston Illinois United StatesCampusSmall City 4 240 acres 97 ha Other campusesChicagoCoral GablesSan FranciscoWashington D C DohaNewspaperThe Daily NorthwesternColorsNorthwestern Purple amp white 5 NicknameWildcatsSporting affiliationsNCAA Division I FBS Big TenMascotWillie the WildcatWebsitewww wbr northwestern wbr eduChartered by the Illinois General Assembly in 1851 Northwestern was established to serve the former Northwest Territory The university was initially affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal Church but later became non sectarian By 1900 the university was the third largest university in the United States 11 In 1896 Northwestern became a founding member of the Big Ten Conference 12 and joined the Association of American Universities as an early member in 1917 The university is composed of eleven undergraduate graduate and professional schools which include the Kellogg School of Management the Pritzker School of Law the Feinberg School of Medicine the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences the Bienen School of Music the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science the Medill School of Journalism the School of Communication the School of Professional Studies the School of Education and Social Policy and The Graduate School 13 Northwestern s campus 14 lies along the shores of Lake Michigan in Evanston The university s law medical and professional schools along with Northwestern Memorial Hospital are located in Chicago s Streeterville neighborhood while journalism graduate programs are located on the New Eastside The university also maintains a campus in Education City Qatar and academic centers in Miami San Francisco and Washington D C 15 16 17 Northwestern has an endowment of 15 4 billion one of the largest university endowments in the world 18 as well as an annual budget of around 2 5 billion 19 20 As of fall 2021 the university had 23 410 enrolled students including 8 817 undergraduates and 14 593 graduate students 21 Fielding eight men s and eleven women s sports teams the Northwestern Wildcats represent the university to compete in the NCAA Division I Big Ten Conference and has remained the only private university in the conference since 1946 Past and present Northwestern faculty and alumni have included numerous heads of state 2 Fields Medalists 23 Nobel Prize laureates 43 Pulitzer Prize winners 23 MacArthur Fellows 28 Marshall Scholars 94 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 19 Rhodes Scholars 22 10 living billionaires 23 and 24 Olympic medalists Aerial Photograph of Northwestern University from Lake Michigan Contents 1 History 1 1 Founding and early years 1 2 20th century 1 3 21st century 2 Campuses 2 1 Evanston 2 2 Chicago 2 3 Education City 3 Organization and administration 3 1 Governance 3 2 Endowment 3 3 Sustainability 4 Academics 4 1 Admissions 4 2 Education and rankings 4 3 Research 4 4 Innovations and entrepreneurship 4 5 Libraries and museums 5 Student life 5 1 Student body 5 2 Undergraduate housing 5 3 Athletics 5 3 1 Nickname and mascot 5 3 2 Lacrosse 5 3 3 Football 5 3 4 Basketball 5 4 Traditions 5 5 Philanthropy 5 6 Performing arts 5 7 Media 5 7 1 Print 5 7 2 Web based 5 7 3 Radio film and television 5 8 Speech and debate 6 People 6 1 Alumni 6 2 Faculty 7 Notes 8 References 8 1 Citations 8 2 Sources 9 Further reading 10 External linksHistory EditMain article History of Northwestern University Founding and early years Edit The foundation of Northwestern University can be traced to a meeting on May 31 1850 of nine prominent Chicago businessmen Methodist leaders and attorneys who had formed the idea of establishing a university to serve what had been known from 1787 to 1803 as the Northwest Territory On January 28 1851 the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North Western University making it the first chartered university in Illinois 24 25 The school s nine founders all of whom were Methodists three of them ministers knelt in prayer and worship before launching their first organizational meeting 26 Although they affiliated the university with the Methodist Episcopal Church they favored a non sectarian admissions policy believing that Northwestern should serve all people in the newly developing territory by bettering the economy in Evanston 27 University Hall 1869 the second building constructed on campus and the oldest building still standing John Evans for whom Evanston is named bought 379 acres 153 ha of land along Lake Michigan in 1853 and Philo Judson developed plans for what would become the city of Evanston Illinois The first building Old College opened on November 5 1855 28 To raise funds for its construction Northwestern sold 100 perpetual scholarships entitling the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition 29 30 Another building University Hall was built in 1869 of the same Joliet limestone as the Chicago Water Tower also built in 1869 one of the few buildings in the heart of Chicago to survive the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 31 In 1873 the Evanston College for Ladies merged with Northwestern and Frances Willard who later gained fame as a suffragette and as one of the founders of the Woman s Christian Temperance Union WCTU became the school s first dean of women Willard Residential College built in 1938 honors her name Northwestern admitted its first female students in 1869 and the first woman graduated in 1874 32 Northwestern fielded its first intercollegiate football team in 1882 later becoming a founding member of the Big Ten Conference In the 1870s and 1880s Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law medicine and dentistry in Chicago Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law is the oldest law school in Chicago As the university s enrollments grew these professional schools were integrated with the undergraduate college in Evanston the result was a modern research university combining professional graduate and undergraduate programs which gave equal weight to teaching and research 33 34 20th century EditBy the turn of the century Northwestern had grown in stature to become the third largest university in the United States after Harvard University and the University of Michigan 35 Under Walter Dill Scott s presidency from 1920 to 1939 Northwestern began construction of an integrated campus in Chicago designed by James Gamble Rogers noted for his design of the Yale University campus to house the professional schools The university also established the Kellogg School of Management and built several prominent buildings on the Evanston campus including Dyche Stadium now named Ryan Field and Deering Library among others In the 1920s Northwestern became one of the first six universities in the United States to establish a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps NROTC In 1939 Northwestern hosted the first ever NCAA Men s Division I Basketball Championship game in the original Patten Gymnasium which was later demolished and relocated farther north along with the Dearborn Observatory to make room for the Technological Institute Technological Institute in 1942 after the relocation of Patten Gymnasium but before the construction of the Lakefill After the golden years of the 1920s the Great Depression in the United States 1929 1941 had a severe impact on the university s finances Its annual income dropped 25 percent from 4 8 million in 1930 31 to 3 6 million in 1933 34 Investment income shrank fewer people could pay full tuition and annual giving from alumni and philanthropists fell from 870 000 in 1932 to a low of 331 000 in 1935 The university responded with two salary cuts of 10 percent each for all employees It imposed hiring and building freezes and slashed appropriations for maintenance books and research Having had a balanced budget in 1930 31 the university now faced deficits of roughly 100 000 for the next four years Enrollments fell in most schools with law and music suffering the biggest declines However the movement toward state certification of school teachers prompted Northwestern to start a new graduate program in education thereby bringing in new students and much needed income In June 1933 Robert Maynard Hutchins president of the University of Chicago proposed a merger of the two universities estimating annual savings of 1 7 million The two presidents were enthusiastic and the faculty liked the idea many Northwestern alumni however opposed it fearing the loss of their Alma Mater and its many traditions that distinguished Northwestern from Chicago The medical school for example was oriented toward training practitioners and alumni feared it would lose its mission if it were merged into the more research oriented University of Chicago Medical School 36 The merger plan was ultimately dropped In 1935 the Deering family rescued the university budget with an unrestricted gift of 6 million bringing the budget up to 5 4 million in 1938 39 This allowed many of the previous spending cuts to be restored including half of the salary reductions 37 Northwestern campus as seen from the north end of the Lakefill peninsula Like other American research universities Northwestern was transformed by World War II 1939 1945 Regular enrollment fell dramatically but the school opened high intensity short term programs that trained over 50 000 military personnel including future president John F Kennedy Northwestern s existing NROTC program proved to be a boon to the university as it trained over 36 000 sailors over the course of the war leading Northwestern to be called the Annapolis of the Midwest 38 Franklyn B Snyder led the university from 1939 to 1949 and after the war surging enrollments under the G I Bill drove the dramatic expansion of both campuses In 1948 prominent anthropologist Melville J Herskovits founded the Program of African Studies at Northwestern the first center of its kind at an American academic institution 39 J Roscoe Miller s tenure as president from 1949 to 1970 saw an expansion of the Evanston campus with the construction of the Lakefill on Lake Michigan growth of the faculty and new academic programs and polarizing Vietnam era student protests In 1978 the first and second Unabomber attacks occurred at Northwestern University 40 Relations between Evanston and Northwestern became strained throughout much of the post war era because of episodes of disruptive student activism 41 disputes over municipal zoning building codes and law enforcement 42 as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus until 1972 43 44 Northwestern s exemption from state and municipal property tax obligations under its original charter has historically been a source of town and gown tension Although government support for universities declined in the 1970s and 1980s President Arnold R Weber was able to stabilize university finances leading to a revitalization of its campuses In 1996 Princess Diana visited Northwestern s Evanston and Chicago campuses to raise money for the university hospital s Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at the invitation of then President Bienen Her visit raised a total of 1 5 million for cancer research 45 46 47 21st century Edit As admissions to colleges and universities grew increasingly competitive in the 1990s and 2000s President Henry S Bienen s tenure saw a notable increase in the number and quality of undergraduate applicants continued expansion of the facilities and faculty and renewed athletic competitiveness In 1999 Northwestern student journalists uncovered information exonerating Illinois death row inmate Anthony Porter two days before his scheduled execution The Innocence Project has since exonerated 10 more men 48 49 On January 11 2003 in a speech at Northwestern School of Law s Lincoln Hall then Governor of Illinois George Ryan announced that he would commute the sentences of more than 150 death row inmates 50 In the 2010s a 5 year capital campaign resulted in a new music center a replacement building for the business school and a 270 million athletic complex 51 52 In 2014 President Barack Obama delivered a seminal economics speech at the Evanston campus 53 In 2015 Queen Maxima and King Willem Alexander of the Netherlands visited Northwestern to announce research collaborations between Northwestern and several Dutch institutions focused on the study of aging 54 In late 2021 an additional 480 million was donated to Northwestern by the Ryan Family to be applied to research at the Kellogg School of Management and Feinberg School of Medicine as well as for renovating Ryan Field 55 Campuses EditSee also List of Northwestern University buildings and Campus of Northwestern University Evanston Edit Sunset over Northwestern s Lakefill lagoon in 2021 with view of the Norris University Center Aerial shot of Northwestern s Evanston campus Northwestern s Evanston campus where the undergraduate schools the Graduate School and the Kellogg School of Management are located runs north south from Lincoln Avenue to Clark Street west of Lake Michigan along Sheridan Road North Campus is home to the fraternity quads athletics facilities including the Henry Crown Sports Pavilion and Norris Aquatics Center the Technological Institute Dearborn Observatory the Patrick G and Shirley W Ryan Hall for Nanofabrication and Molecular Self Assembly and the Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center among others South Campus is home to the university s humanities buildings music buildings like the Pick Staiger Concert Hall the Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art and the sorority quads In the 1960s the university created an additional 84 acres 34 0 ha for the campus by filling in a portion of Lake Michigan Buildings located on the resulting Lakefill include University Library the Patrick G and Shirley W Ryan Center for the Musical Arts the Regenstein Hall of Music Norris University Center the student union the Kellogg School of Management Global Hub and various athletics facilities The Chicago Transit Authority s elevated train running through Evanston is called the Purple Line taking its name from Northwestern s school color The Foster and Davis stations are within walking distance of the southern end of the campus while the Noyes station is close to the northern end of the campus The Central station is close to Ryan Field Northwestern s football stadium The Evanston Davis Street Metra station serves the Northwestern campus in downtown Evanston and the Evanston Central Street Metra station is near Ryan Field Pace Suburban Bus Service and the CTA have several bus routes that run through or near the Evanston campus Panorama of Northwestern University Chicago Edit The Montgomery Ward Memorial Building 1927 at Northwestern s Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago America s first academic skyscraper 56 Northwestern s Chicago campus is located in the city s Streeterville neighborhood near Lake Michigan The Chicago campus is home to the nationally ranked Northwestern Memorial Hospital the medical school the law school the part time MBA program and the School of Professional Studies Medill s one year graduate program rents a floor on Wacker Drive across the river from Streeterville and separate from the rest of the campus Northwestern s professional schools and a number of its affiliated hospitals are located approximately four blocks east of the Chicago station on the CTA Red Line The Chicago campus is also served by CTA bus routes Founded at varying points in the university s history the professional schools originally were scattered throughout Chicago 57 In connection with a 1917 master plan for a central Chicago campus and President Walter Dill Scott s capital campaign 8 5 acres 3 44 ha of land were purchased at the corner of Chicago Avenue and Lake Shore Drive for 1 5 million in 1920 57 58 Architect James Gamble Rogers was commissioned to create a master plan for the principal buildings on the new campus which he designed in collegiate gothic style In 1923 Mrs Montgomery Ward donated 8 million to the campaign to finance the construction of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building which would house the medical and dental schools and create endowments for faculty chairs research grants scholarships and building maintenance 59 The building would become the first university skyscraper in the United States 56 In addition to the Ward Building Rogers designed Wieboldt Hall to house facilities for the School of Commerce 60 and Levy Mayer Hall to house the School of Law 61 The new campus comprising these three new buildings was dedicated during a two day ceremony in June 1927 The Chicago campus continued to expand with the addition of Thorne Hall in 1931 and Abbott Hall in 1939 57 62 In October 2013 Northwestern began the demolition of the architecturally significant Prentice Women s Hospital Eric G Neilson dean of the medical school penned an op ed that equated retaining the building with loss of life 63 Education City Edit In Fall 2008 Northwestern opened a campus in Education City Doha Qatar joining five other American universities Carnegie Mellon University Cornell University Georgetown University Texas A amp M University and Virginia Commonwealth University 64 Through the Medill School of Journalism and School of Communication NU Q offers bachelor s degrees in journalism and communications respectively 65 However some have questioned whether NU Q can truly offer a comparable journalism program to that of its U S campus given Qatar s instances of censorship and strict limits on journalistic and academic freedoms 66 67 The Qatar Foundation for Education Science and Community Development a private charitable institution founded by former emir Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and his wife and mother of the current emir Sheikha Moza bint Nasser provided funding for construction and administrative costs as well as support to hire 50 to 60 faculty and staff some of whom rotate between the Evanston and Qatar campuses 68 69 Northwestern receives roughly 45 million per year to operate the campus 67 In February 2016 Northwestern reached an agreement with the Qatar Foundation to extend the operations of the NU Q branch for an additional decade through the 2027 2028 academic year 70 Like other universities with campuses in Doha Northwestern has received criticism for accepting money from a country with a poor human rights record 67 71 72 Organization and administration Edit Weber Arch Governance Edit Northwestern is privately owned and governed by an appointed Board of Trustees which is composed of 70 members and as of 2011 update has been chaired by William A Osborn 69 The board delegates its power to an elected president who serves as the chief executive officer of the university 73 Northwestern has had sixteen presidents in its history excluding interim presidents The current president economist Morton O Schapiro succeeded Henry Bienen whose 14 year tenure ended on August 31 2009 74 75 76 The president maintains a staff of vice presidents directors and other assistants for administrative financial faculty and student matters 77 Kathleen Haggerty assumed the role of interim provost for the university in April 2020 Students are formally involved in the university s administration through the Associated Student Government elected representatives of the undergraduate students and the Graduate Student Association which represents the university s graduate students 78 79 The admission requirements degree requirements courses of study and disciplinary and degree recommendations for each of Northwestern s 12 schools are determined by the voting members of that school s faculty assistant professor and above 80 Undergraduate and graduate schools Graduate and professionalEvanston Campus Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences 1851 School of Communication 1878 Bienen School of Music 1895 McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science 1909 Medill School of Journalism 1921 School of Education and Social Policy 1926 School of Professional Studies 1933 Evanston Campus Kellogg School of Management 1908 The Graduate School 1910 Chicago Campus Feinberg School of Medicine 1859 Kellogg School of Management 1908 Pritzker School of Law 1859 School of Professional Studies 1933 The graduate Medill School shares no connection to the rest of the Chicago campus though it is also based downtown Northwestern University had a dental school from 1891 to May 31 2001 when it closed 81 Endowment Edit Northwestern maintains an endowment of 16 1 billion one of the largest university endowments in the world 18 The endowment is sustained through continued donations and is maintained by investment advisers at the university s Investment Office 82 In 2003 Northwestern finished a five year capital campaign that raised 1 55 billion exceeding its fundraising goal by 550 million In 2014 Northwestern launched the We Will campaign with a fundraising goal of 3 75 billion As of December 31 2019 the university has received 4 78 billion from 164 026 donors 83 Sustainability Edit In January 2009 the Green Power Partnership sponsored by the EPA listed Northwestern as one of the top 10 universities in the country in purchasing energy from renewable sources The university matches 74 million kilowatt hours kWh of its annual energy use with Green e Certified Renewable Energy Certificates RECs This green power commitment represents 30 percent of the university s total annual electricity use and places Northwestern in the EPA s Green Power Leadership Club The Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern ISEN supporting research teaching and outreach in these themes was launched in 2008 84 Northwestern requires that all new buildings be LEED certified Silverman Hall on the Evanston campus was awarded Gold LEED Certification in 2010 Wieboldt Hall on the Chicago campus was awarded Gold LEED Certification in 2007 and the Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center on the Evanston campus was awarded Silver LEED Certification in 2006 New construction and renovation projects will be designed to provide at least a 20 improvement over energy code requirements where feasible 85 At the beginning of the 2008 09 academic year the university also released the Evanston Campus Framework Plan which outlines plans for future development of the university s Evanston campus The plan not only emphasizes sustainable building construction but also focuses on reducing the energy costs of transportation by optimizing pedestrian and bicycle access 86 Northwestern has had a comprehensive recycling program in place since 1990 The university recycles over 1 500 tons of waste or 30 of all waste produced on campus each year All landscape waste at the university is composted 84 Academics EditAdmissions Edit Admissions statistics2020 enteringclass 87 Change vs 2015 88 Admit rate9 3 3 9 Yield rate52 0 4 5 Test scores middle 50 SAT Total1430 1540 5 median ACT Composite33 35 1 median Northwestern is among the most selective universities in the United States and admissions are characterized as most selective by U S News amp World Report 89 Northwestern received a total of 47 633 applications for the Class of 2025 and admitted 3 239 students for an acceptance rate of 6 8 90 For the Class of 2023 the interquartile range middle 50 on the post 2016 SAT was a combined verbal and math 1450 1550 out of 1600 ACT composite scores for the middle 50 ranged from 33 to 35 out of 36 and 92 ranked in the top ten percent of their respective high school classes 91 92 In April 2016 Northwestern became one of 15 Illinois universities to sign on to the Chicago Star Partnership a City Colleges initiative aimed at increasing opportunities for students in the city s public school district Through this partnership the university provides scholarships to students who graduate from Chicago Public Schools get their associate degree from one of the city s community colleges and then get admitted to a bachelor s degree program 93 Despite having one of the lowest acceptance rates in the United States Northwestern among other prestigious colleges such as Vanderbilt has come under scrutiny for artificial deflation of their acceptance rate 94 with more than 50 of the class being accepted in the binding Early Decision round 95 Education and rankings Edit Academic rankingsNationalForbes 96 10THE WSJ 97 9U S News amp World Report 98 10Washington Monthly 99 24GlobalARWU 100 30QS 101 32THE 102 24U S News amp World Report 103 24Northwestern is a large residential research university 104 and is frequently ranked among the top universities in the United States The university is a leading institution in the fields of materials engineering chemistry business economics education journalism and communications It is also prominent in law and medicine Accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and the respective national professional organizations for chemistry psychology business education journalism music engineering law and medicine 105 the university offers 124 undergraduate programs and 145 graduate and professional programs 106 107 Northwestern conferred 2 190 bachelor s degrees 3 272 master s degrees 565 doctoral degrees and 444 professional degrees in 2012 2013 108 Since 1951 Northwestern has awarded 520 honorary degrees 109 110 Northwestern also has chapters of academic honor societies such as Phi Beta Kappa Alpha of Illinois Eta Kappa Nu Tau Beta Pi Eta Sigma Phi Beta Chapter 111 Lambda Pi Eta 112 and Alpha Sigma Lambda Alpha Chapter 113 Northwestern is known for its focus on interdisciplinary education extensive research output and collaborative student culture The university provides instruction in over 200 formal academic concentrations including various dual degree programs 114 The four year full time undergraduate program comprises the majority of enrollments at the university 104 Although there is no university wide core curriculum a foundation in the liberal arts and sciences are required for all majors individual degree requirements are set by the faculty of each school 80 The university heavily emphasizes interdisciplinary learning with 72 of undergrads combining two or more areas of study 115 Northwestern s full time undergraduate and graduate programs operate on an approximately 10 week academic quarter system with the academic year beginning in late September and ending in early June Under the regular academic calendar each quarter contains a four day Reading Period in between the end of classes and the beginning of finals 116 Undergraduates typically take four courses each quarter and twelve courses in an academic year and 117 are required to complete at least twelve quarters on campus to graduate Northwestern offers honors accelerated and joint degree programs in medicine science mathematics engineering and journalism 118 The comprehensive doctoral graduate program has high coexistence with undergraduate programs 104 Despite being a mid sized university Northwestern maintains a relatively low student to faculty ratio of 6 1 In 2022 Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management s Executive MBA program ranked 11th in the QS International Trade Rankings in partnership with the Hinrich Foundation Research Edit Ford Motor Company Engineering Design Center 2005 Northwestern was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1917 and is classified as an R1 university denoting very high research activity 104 119 Northwestern s schools of management engineering and communication are among the most academically productive in the nation 120 The university received 887 3 million in research funding in 2019 and houses over 90 school based and 40 university wide research institutes and centers 121 Northwestern also supports nearly 1 500 research laboratories across two campuses predominantly in the medical and biological sciences Northwestern is home to the Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics Northwestern Institute for Complex Systems Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center Materials Research Center Center for Quantum Devices Institute for Policy Research International Institute for Nanotechnology Center for Catalysis and Surface Science Buffet Center for International and Comparative Studies the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern 84 and the Argonne Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center among other centers for interdisciplinary research 122 Innovations and entrepreneurship Edit In 2013 alone Northwestern researchers disclosed 247 inventions filed 270 patent applications received 81 foreign and US patents started 12 companies and generated 79 8 million in licensing revenue The Innovation and New Ventures Office INVO has been involved in creating the Center for Developmental Therapeutics CDT 123 and the Center for Device Development CD2 124 Northwestern files hundreds of patents each year ranking among the top 20 universities in the world in terms of U S utility patents 125 One of the university s most successful current patents is pregabalin a synthesized organic molecule developed at the university by chemistry professor Richard Bruce Silverman for whom Silverman Hall was named It was ultimately marketed as Lyrica a drug sold by Pfizer to combat epilepsy neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia Northwestern has an extensive history of producing prominent businessmen and entrepreneurs Notable companies founded by Northwestern alumni include Groupon The Blackstone Group Booz Allen Hamilton U S Steel Kirkland amp Ellis Guggenheim Partners Accenture Aon Corporation and AQR Capital The university also runs The Garage and interdisciplinary innovation and entrepreneurship space and community for student run startups Libraries and museums Edit University Library 1970 in Brutalist style The Northwestern library system consists of four libraries on the Evanston campus including the present main library University Library and the original library building Deering Library three libraries on the Chicago campus and the library affiliated with Garrett Evangelical Theological Seminary 126 The University Library contains over 4 9 million volumes 4 6 million microforms and almost 99 000 periodicals 126 127 The University Library is the 22nd largest university library in North America based on total number of titles held Notable collections in the library system include the Melville J Herskovits Library of African Studies the largest Africana collection in the world 128 an extensive collection of early edition printed music and manuscripts as well as late modern works and an art collection noted for its 19th and 20th century Western art and architecture periodicals 129 The Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art a major art museum in Chicago contains more than 4 000 works in its permanent collection It dedicates a third of its space to temporary and traveling exhibitions 130 The Holocaust Educational Foundation which had previously endowed the Theodore Zev Weiss Holocaust Educational Foundation Professorship in Holocaust Studies became part of Northwestern in 2011 131 132 Northwestern along with 15 other universities participates in digitizing its collections as part of the Google Book Search project 129 Student life EditStudent body Edit Student body composition as of May 2 2022 Race and ethnicity 133 TotalWhite 42 42 Asian 19 19 Hispanic 13 13 Foreign national 10 10 Other a 9 9 Black 6 6 Economic diversityLow income b 20 20 Affluent c 80 80 Northwestern enrolled 8 186 full time undergraduates 9 904 full time graduates and 3 856 part time students in the 2019 2020 academic year The freshman retention rate for that year was 98 134 86 of students graduated after four years and 92 graduated after five years 135 These numbers can largely be attributed to the university s various specialized degree programs such as those that allow students to earn master s degrees with a one or two year extension of their undergraduate program The undergraduate population is drawn from all 50 states and over 75 foreign countries 20 of students in the Class of 2024 were Pell Grant recipients and 12 56 were first generation college students 136 Northwestern also enrolls the 9th most National Merit Scholars of any university in the nation In Fall 2014 40 6 of undergraduate students were enrolled in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences 21 3 in the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science 14 3 in the School of Communication 11 7 in the Medill School of Journalism 5 7 in the Bienen School of Music and 6 4 in the School of Education and Social Policy 137 The five most commonly awarded undergraduate degrees are economics journalism communication studies psychology and political science 138 The Kellogg School of Management s MBA the School of Law s JD and the Feinberg School of Medicine s MD are the three largest professional degree programs by enrollment 137 With 2 446 students enrolled in science engineering and health fields 139 the largest graduate programs by enrollment include chemistry integrated biology material sciences electrical and computer engineering neuroscience and economics 140 Undergraduate housing Edit See also List of Northwestern University residences Northwestern offers both traditional residence halls and residential colleges for students who share a particular intellectual interest The residential colleges include Ayers College of Commerce and Industry Chapin Hall Humanities East Fairchild Communications Hobart House women s Jones Residential College Fine and Performing Arts the Public Affairs Residential College the Residential College of Cultural and Community Studies Shepard Residential College multi thematic Slivka Residential College for Science and Engineering West Fairchild International Studies and Willard Residential College multi thematic Residence halls include Allison Hall Bobb McCulloch Elder Hall Foster Walker Complex commonly referred to as Plex Rogers House and Shapiro Hall formerly known as 560 Lincoln among others An estimated 20 of undergraduates are affiliated with a fraternity or sorority 141 Northwestern recognizes 21 fraternities and 18 sororities 142 Athletics Edit Main article Northwestern Wildcats Ryan Field Northwestern s 49 000 seat football stadiumNorthwestern is a charter member of the Big Ten Conference It is the conference s only private university and possesses the smallest undergraduate enrollment the next smallest member the University of Iowa is roughly three times as large with almost 22 000 undergraduates Northwestern fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams 8 men s and 11 women s in addition to numerous club sports 143 12 of Northwestern s varsity programs have had NCAA or bowl postseason appearances Northwestern is one of five private AAU members to compete in NCAA Power Five conferences the other four are Duke Stanford USC and Vanderbilt and maintains a 98 NCAA Graduation Success Rate the highest among Football Bowl Subdivision schools In 2018 the school opened the Walter Athletics Center a 270 million state of the art lakefront facility for its athletics teams 144 Nickname and mascot Edit Before 1924 Northwestern teams were known as The Purple and unofficially as The Fighting Methodists The name Wildcats was bestowed upon the university in 1924 by Wallace Abbey a writer for the Chicago Daily Tribune who wrote that even in a loss to the University of Chicago Football players had not come down from Evanston wildcats would be a name better suited to Coach Glenn Thistletwaite s boys 145 The name was so popular that university board members made Wildcats the official nickname just months later In 1972 the student body voted to change the official nickname to Purple Haze but the new name never stuck 146 The mascot of Northwestern Athletics is Willie the Wildcat Prior to Willie the team mascot had been a live caged bear cub from the Lincoln Park Zoo named Furpaw who was brought to the playing field on game days to greet the fans After a losing season the team decided that Furpaw was to blame for its misfortune and decided to select a new mascot Willie the Wildcat made his debut in 1933 first as a logo and then in three dimensions in 1947 when members of the Alpha Delta fraternity dressed as wildcats during a Homecoming Parade 2005 NCAA Division I Women s Lacrosse Championship game between the Virginia Cavaliers and Northwestern Wildcats Lacrosse Edit The women s lacrosse team holds several scoring records and was undefeated in 2005 and 2009 winning five consecutive NCAA national championships during those years It also won NCAA championships in 2011 and 2012 giving them a total of 7 NCAA championships in 8 years 147 148 149 Football Edit Northwestern s football team has made 73 appearances in the top 10 of the AP poll since 1936 including 5 at 1 and has won eight Big Ten conference championships since 1903 150 151 152 At one time Northwestern had the longest losing streak in Division I A losing 34 consecutive games between 1979 and 1982 153 154 They did not appear in a bowl game after 1949 until the 1996 Rose Bowl The team did not win a bowl since the 1949 Rose Bowl until the 2013 Gator Bowl Following the sudden death of football coach Randy Walker in 2006 155 31 year old former All American Northwestern linebacker Pat Fitzgerald assumed the position becoming the youngest Division I FBS coach at the time 156 157 Basketball Edit The Helms Athletic Foundation named the men s basketball team the 1931 National Champion 158 In 2017 the men s basketball team earned an NCAA berth for the first time in the program s history They won their first round matchup against Vanderbilt University but lost to number one seed Gonzaga in the second round 159 In 1998 two former Northwestern basketball players were charged and convicted for sports bribery having been paid to shave points in games against three other Big Ten schools during the 1995 season 160 161 162 The football team became embroiled in a different betting scandal later that year when federal prosecutors indicted four former players for perjury related to betting on their own games 163 In August 2001 Rashidi Wheeler a senior safety collapsed and died during practice from an asthma attack 164 165 An autopsy revealed that he had ephedrine a stimulant banned by the NCAA in his system which prompted Northwestern to investigate the prevalence of stimulants and other banned substances across all of its athletic programs 166 167 In 2006 the Northwestern women s soccer team was suspended and coach Jenny Haigh resigned following the release of images of alleged hazing 168 169 The Rock in front of University Hall Traditions Edit Northwestern s official motto Quaecumque sunt vera was adopted by the university in 1890 The Latin phrase translates to Whatsoever things are true and comes from the Epistle of Paul to the Philippians Philippians 4 8 in which St Paul admonishes the Christians in the Greek city of Philippi In addition to this motto the university crest features a Greek phrase taken from the Gospel of John inscribed on the pages of an open book hrhs xaritos kai alh8eias or the word full of grace and truth John 1 14 170 171 Alma Mater is the Northwestern Hymn The original Latin version of the hymn was written in 1907 by Peter Christian Lutkin the first dean of the School of Music from 1883 to 1931 In 1953 then Director of Bands John Paynter recruited an undergraduate music student Thomas Tyra 54 to write an English version of the song which today is performed by the Marching Band during halftime at Wildcat football games and by the orchestra during ceremonies and other special occasions 172 Purple became Northwestern s official color in 1892 173 replacing black and gold after a university committee concluded that too many other universities had used these colors Today Northwestern s official color is purple although white is something of an official color as well being mentioned in both the university s earliest song Alma Mater 1907 Hail to purple hail to white and in many university guidelines 174 175 The Rock a 6 foot high quartzite boulder donated by the Class of 1902 originally served as a water fountain It was painted over by students in the 1940s as a prank and has since become a popular vehicle of self expression on campus 176 Dillo Day is the largest student run music festival in the nation hosted annually on the Lakefill The festival is celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2022 172 177 Primal Scream is held every quarter at 9 p m on the Sunday before finals week Students lean out of windows or gather in courtyards and scream to help relieve stress 178 In the past students would throw marshmallows during football games but this tradition has since been discontinued 179 Philanthropy Edit One of Northwestern s most notable student charity events is Dance Marathon the most established and largest student run philanthropy in the nation The annual 30 hour event is among the most widely attended events on campus It has raised over 1 million for charity every year since 2011 and has donated a total of 13 million to children s charities since its conception 180 The Northwestern Community Development Corps NCDC is a student run organization that connects hundreds of student volunteers to community development projects in Evanston and Chicago throughout the year The group also holds a number of annual community events including Project Pumpkin a Halloween celebration that provides over 800 local children with carnival events and a safe venue to trick or treat each year 181 Many Northwestern students participate in the Freshman Urban Program an initiative for students interested in community service to work on addressing social issues facing the city of Chicago 182 and the university s Global Engagement Studies Institute GESI programs including group service learning expeditions in Asia Africa or Latin America in conjunction with the Foundation for Sustainable Development 183 Several international nongovernmental organizations were established at Northwestern including the World Health Imaging Informatics and Telemedicine Alliance a spin off from an engineering student s honors thesis 184 185 Performing arts Edit Northwestern is a prolific producer of successful entertainers and a nationally reputed hub for collegiate performing arts The Student Theatre Coalition or StuCo organizes nine student theater companies multiple performance groups and over sixty independent productions each year 186 The two most notable productions are The Waa Mu Show an original musical written and produced entirely by students 187 and the Dolphin show Children s theater is represented on campus by Griffin s Tale and Purple Crayon Players 188 Chicago s renowned Lookingglass Theatre Company which began life in the Great Room of Jones Residential College was founded in 1988 by several university alumni including David Schwimmer It received the Regional Tony Award in 2011 and has won over 45 Joseph Jefferson Awards in its 30 Seasons 189 The undergraduate students maintain twelve a cappella groups including THUNK a cappella the Northwestern Undertones Freshman Fifteen A Cappella ShireiNU A Cappella and Purple Haze 190 Media Edit Print Edit Established in 1881 The Daily Northwestern is the university s main student newspaper and is published on weekdays during the academic year It is directed entirely by undergraduate students and owned by the Students Publishing Company Although it serves the Northwestern community the Daily has no business ties to the university and is supported wholly by advertisers North by Northwestern is an online undergraduate magazine established in September 2006 by students at the Medill School of Journalism Published on weekdays it consists of updates on news stories and special events throughout the year It also publishes a quarterly print magazine Syllabus is the university s undergraduate yearbook It is distributed in late May and features a culmination of the year s events at Northwestern First published in 1885 the yearbook is published by Students Publishing Company and edited by Northwestern students Northwestern Flipside is an undergraduate satirical magazine Founded in 2009 it publishes a weekly issue both in print and online Helicon is the university s undergraduate literary magazine Established in 1979 it is published twice a year a web issue is released in the winter and a print issue with a web complement is released in the spring The Protest is Northwestern s quarterly social justice magazine The Northwestern division of Student Multicultural Affairs supports a number of publications for particular cultural groups including Ahora a magazine about Hispanic and Latino a culture and campus life Al Bayan published by the Northwestern Muslim cultural Student Association BlackBoard Magazine a magazine centered around African American student life and NUAsian a magazine and blog on Asian and Asian American culture and issues 191 The Northwestern University Law Review is a scholarly legal publication and student organization at Northwestern University School of Law Its primary purpose is to publish a journal of broad legal scholarship The Law Review publishes six issues each year Student editors make the editorial and organizational decisions and select articles submitted by professors judges and practitioners as well as student pieces The Law Review also publishes scholarly pieces weekly on the Colloquy The Northwestern Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property is a law review published by an independent student organization at Northwestern University School of Law The Northwestern Interdisciplinary Law Review is a scholarly legal publication published annually by an editorial board of Northwestern undergraduates Its mission is to publish interdisciplinary legal research drawing from fields such as history literature economics philosophy and art Founded in 2008 the journal features articles by professors law students practitioners and undergraduates It is funded by the Buffett Center for International and Comparative Studies and the Office of the Provost Web based Edit Established in January 2011 Sherman Ave is a satirical website that often publishes content on Northwestern student life 192 Most of its staff writers are current Northwestern undergraduates writing under various pseudonyms The website is popular among students for its interviews of prominent campus figures 193 Freshman Guide 194 and live tweeting coverage of football games 195 In Fall 2012 the website promoted a satiric campaign to end the Vanderbilt University football team s custom of clubbing baby seals 196 197 Politics amp Policy is dedicated to the analysis of current events and public policy Established in 2010 by students at the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences School of Communication and Medill School of Journalism the publication reaches students on more than 250 college campuses around the world Run entirely by undergraduates it is published several times a week and features material ranging from short summaries of events to extended research pieces The publication is financed in part by the Buffett Center Northwestern Business Review is a campus source for business news Founded in 2005 it has an online presence as well as a quarterly print schedule TriQuarterly Online formerly TriQuarterly is a literary magazine published twice a year featuring poetry fiction nonfiction drama literary essays reviews blog posts and art The Queer Reader is Northwestern s first radical feminist and LGBTQ publication Radio film and television Edit WNUR 89 3 FM is a 7 200 watt radio station that broadcasts to the city of Chicago and its northern suburbs WNUR s programming consists of music jazz classical and rock literature politics current events varsity sports football men s and women s basketball baseball softball and women s lacrosse and breaking news on weekdays 198 Studio 22 is a student run production company that produces roughly ten films each year The organization financed the first film Zach Braff directed and many of its films have featured students who would later go into professional acting including Zach Gilford of Friday Night Lights 199 Applause for a Cause is currently the only student run production company in the nation to create feature length films for charity It was founded in 2010 and has raised over 5 000 to date for various local and national organizations across the United States Northwestern News Network is a student television news and sports network serving the Northwestern and Evanston communities Its studios and newsroom are located on the fourth floor of the McCormick Tribune Center on Northwestern s Evanston campus NNN is funded by the Medill School of Journalism Speech and debate Edit The Northwestern Debate Society has won fifteen National Debate Tournaments the highest number of any university Notable alumni of the society include Erwin Chemerinsky legal scholar and Dean of UC Berkeley School of Law and Elliot Mincberg of People For the American Way Northwestern s Mock Trial team had two teams qualify for the 2018 National Championship Tournament hosted by the American Mock Trial Association making Northwestern one of seven schools in the nation to be represented by multiple teams at the competition 200 One of the two teams finished 9th in their division and is ranked 20th in the country out of roughly 750 teams for the 2018 2019 season 201 202 203 People EditAlumni Edit For a more comprehensive list see List of Northwestern University alumni Notable Northwestern alumni include Harold Washington first Black mayor of Chicago JD 1952 John Paul Stevens U S Supreme Court Justice JD 1947 Robert Todd Lincoln U S Ambassador to the United Kingdom 35th U S Secretary of War LLB 1866 Gwynne Shotwell president and COO of SpaceX BS 1986 MS 1988 George R R Martin author of A Game of Thrones BS 1970 MS 1971 Ginni Rometty president and CEO of IBM BS 1979 William Jennings Bryan 41st U S Secretary of State LLB 1883 Saul Bellow Nobel Prize winning novelist BA 1937 Stephen Colbert Emmy Award winning comedian BS 1986 Ingvar Carlsson 29th prime minister of Sweden C1961 Charles Horace Mayo founder of the Mayo Clinic MD 1888 Cheddi Jagan 4th president and Father of the Nation of Guyana BS 1942 DDS 1942 Claudia Lopez Hernandez first LGBT mayor of Bogota Colombia PhD 2019 Alexander De Croo 71st prime minister of Belgium MBA 2004 Ali Babacan deputy prime minister of Turkey MBA 1992 Charlie Baker 72nd governor of Massachusetts MBA 1991 Arthur Goldberg U S Supreme Court Justice 6th U S Ambassador to the United Nations BS 1929 JD 1930 Peter G Peterson 20th U S Secretary of Commerce founder of The Blackstone Group BA 1947 Charlton Heston Academy Award winning actor BS 1945 Warren Beatty Academy Award winning actor writer and director C1959 Meghan Duchess of Sussex member of British royal family and former actress BA 2003 Edward Weiler director of NASA s Goddard Space Flight Center BA 1971 MS 1973 PhD 1976 Julia Louis Dreyfus Emmy Award winning actress C1982 Seth Meyers host of Late Night with Seth Meyers BS 1996 Pharrell Williams Grammy Award winning rapper Academy Award nominated producer C1995 David Schwimmer Emmy Award nominated actor from Friends BS 1988 David J Skorton 13th director of the Smithsonian Institution 12th president of Cornell University BA 1970 MD 1974 John Musker writer producer and director of Disney s The Little Mermaid Aladdin Hercules and Moana BA 1975 Northwestern alumni have included numerous prominent figures in journalism government literature business science performing arts education and medicine Among U S universities Northwestern ranks eighth in the number of billionaires produced 204 Some of Northwestern s most notable alumni include U S Senator and presidential candidate George McGovern Nobel Prize winning economist George J Stigler Nobel Prize winning novelist Saul Bellow Pulitzer Prize winning composer and diarist Ned Rorem decorated composer Howard Hanson Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey Ali Babacan historian and novelist Wilma Dykeman sociologist and adviser of CEPAL Fernando Filgueira and the founder of the presidential prayer breakfast Abraham Vereide U S Supreme Court Associate Justice John Paul Stevens Supreme Court Justice and Ambassador to the United Nations Arthur Joseph Goldberg Chicago Mayor Harold L Washington Governor of Illinois and Democratic presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson and former lawyer Cincinnati mayor news anchor and current tabloid talk host Jerry Springer are among the graduates of the Northwestern School of Law Northwestern alumnus David J Skorton serves has been president and chief executive officer of the Association of American Medical Colleges since July 15 2019Northwestern s School of Communication is well known for producing successful actors actresses playwrights and film and television writers and directors Alumni who have made their mark on film and television include Ann Margret Warren Beatty Jodie Markell Paul Lynde David Schwimmer Anne Dudek Zach Braff Zooey Deschanel Marg Helgenberger Julia Louis Dreyfus Meghan Markle later known as the Duchess of Sussex Jerry Orbach Jennifer Jones Megan Mullally John Cameron Mitchell Dermot Mulroney Charlton Heston Richard Kind Ana Gasteyer Brad Hall Shelley Long William Daniels Cloris Leachman Bonnie Bartlett Paula Prentiss Richard Benjamin Laura Innes Charles Busch Stephanie March Tony Roberts Jeri Ryan Kimberly Williams Paisley McLean Stevenson Tony Randall Charlotte Rae Patricia Neal Tom Virtue Nancy Dussault Robert Reed Mara Brock Akil Greg Berlanti Bill Nuss Dan Shor Seth Meyers Peter Spears Frank DeCaro Zach Gilford Nicole Sullivan Stephen Colbert Billy Eichner Sandra Seacat and Garry Marshall Directors who were graduated from Northwestern include Gerald Freedman Stuart Hagmann Marshall W Mason Allison Burnett Michael Greif and Mary Zimmerman Alumni such as Sheldon Harnick Stephanie D Abruzzo Heather Headley Kristen Schaal Lily Rabe and Walter Kerr have distinguished themselves on Broadway as has designer Bob Mackie Amsterdam based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City I O ComedySportz Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent 205 206 207 Tam Spiva wrote scripts for The Brady Bunch and Gentle Ben In New York Los Angeles and Chicago the number of Northwestern alumni involved in theater film and television is so large that the alumni have been dubbed the Northwestern mafia 208 209 The Medill School of Journalism has produced notable journalists and political activists including 42 Pulitzer Prize laureates National correspondents reporters and columnists such as The New York Times Elisabeth Bumiller David Barstow Dean Murphy and Vincent Laforet USA Today s Gary Levin Susan Page and Christine Brennan NBC correspondent Kelly O Donnell CBS correspondent Richard Threlkeld CNN correspondent Nicole Lapin former CNN and current Al Jazeera America anchor Joie Chen sports broadcasting legend Brent Musburger and ESPN personalities Rachel Nichols Michael Wilbon Mike Greenberg Steve Weissman J A Adande and Kevin Blackistone The bestselling author of the A Song of Ice and Fire series George R R Martin earned a B S and M S from Medill 210 211 Elisabeth Leamy is the recipient of 13 Emmy awards 212 213 214 and four Edward R Murrow Awards 214 The Feinberg School of Medicine previously the Northwestern University Medical School has produced a number of notable graduates including Mary Harris Thompson Class of 1870 ad eundem first female surgeon in Chicago first female surgeon at Cook County Hospital and founder of the Mary Thomson Hospital Roswell Park Class of 1876 prominent surgeon for whom Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo New York is named Daniel Hale Williams Class of 1883 performed the first successful American open heart surgery only black charter member of the American College of Surgeons Charles Horace Mayo Class of 1888 co founder of Mayo Clinic Carlos Montezuma Class of 1889 one of the first Native Americans to receive a Doctor of Medicine degree from any school and founder of the Society of American Indians Howard T Ricketts Class of 1897 who discovered bacteria of the genus Rickettsia and identified the cause and methods of transmission of rocky mountain spotted fever Allen B Kanavel Class of 1899 founder regent and president of the American College of Surgeons internationally recognized as the founder of modern hand and peripheral nerve surgery Robert F Furchgott Class of 1940 recipient of a Lasker Award in 1996 and the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his co discovery of nitric oxide Thomas E Starzl Class of 1952 who performed the first successful liver transplant in 1967 and received the National Medal of Science in 2004 and a Lasker Award in 2012 Joseph P Kerwin first physician in space flew on the Skylab 2 mission and later served as director of Space and Life Sciences at NASA C Richard Schlegel Class of 1972 developed the dominant patent for a vaccine against human papillomavirus administered as Gardasil to prevent cervical cancer David J Skorton Class of 1974 cardiologist who became president of Cornell University in 2006 and Andrew E Senyei Class of 1979 inventor venture capitalist and entrepreneur founder of biotech and genetics companies and a university trustee Northwestern alumni have founded notable companies and organizations such as the Mayo Clinic The Blackstone Group Kirkland amp Ellis U S Steel Guggenheim Partners Accenture Aon Corporation AQR Capital Booz Allen Hamilton and Melvin Capital Northwestern alumni involved in music include Steve Albini Thomas Tyra Andrew Bird Robert Davine Joshua Radin Frederick Swann Augusta Read Thomas Gil Trythall members of Arcade Fire The Lawrence Arms Pharrell Williams Chavez Dawen A Liang Linton St and OK Go Northwestern alumni involved in athletics include Chicago Bulls and Chicago White Sox owner Jerry Reinsdorf sprinter Betty Robinson Rick Sund NBA Billy McKinney NBA Mark Loretta MLB Joe Girardi MLB Luis Castillo NFL Ernie Adams NFL Paddy Driscoll NFL Otto Graham NFL Anthony Walker Jr NFL Mike Adamle NFL Mike Kafka NFL Trevor Siemian NFL Greg Newsome II NFL Luke Johnsos NFL six time Olympic medalist Matt Grevers Irv Cross NFL and PGA Tour star Luke Donald Faculty Edit For a more comprehensive list see List of Northwestern University faculty The university employs 3 781 faculty members across its eleven schools 2 including 18 members of the National Academy of Sciences 215 65 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 216 19 members of the National Academy of Engineering 217 and 6 members of the Institute of Medicine 218 Notable faculty include 2010 Nobel Prize winning economist Dale T Mortensen 219 nano scientists Chad Mirkin and Samuel I Stupp Benjamin Franklin Medal in Electrical Engineering winner Manijeh Razeghi Tony Award winning director Mary Zimmerman management expert Philip Kotler King Faisal International Prize in Science recipient and Nobel laureate Sir Fraser Stoddart Steppenwolf Theatre director Anna Shapiro sexual psychologist J Michael Bailey 220 Federalist Society co founder Steven Calabresi 221 former Weatherman Bernardine Rae Dohrn 222 ethnographer Gary Alan Fine 223 Pulitzer Prize winning historian Garry Wills 224 American Academy of Arts and Sciences fellow Monica Olvera de la Cruz and MacArthur Fellowship recipients Stuart Dybek Jennifer Richeson Amy Rosenzweig John A Rogers Mark Hersam William Dichtel and Dylan Penningroth The faculty also includes Holocaust denier Arthur Butz 225 and Richard Bruce Silverman inventor of Lyrica Pregabalin Notable former faculty include political advisor David Axelrod 226 227 artists William Conger Judy Ledgerwood Ed Paschke 228 and James Valerio writer Charles Newman 229 Nobel Prize winning chemist John Pople 230 and military sociologist and don t ask don t tell author Charles Moskos 231 Notes Edit Other consists of Multiracial Americans amp those who prefer to not say The percentage of students who received an income based federal Pell grant intended for low income students The percentage of students who are a part of the American middle class at the bare minimum References EditCitations Edit As of August 2022 2022 Financial Report PDF Report Retrieved January 9 2021 a b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY TENURE LINE and FULL TIME FACULTY BY SCHOOL FALL 2009 to FALL 2018 PDF Northwestern University a b c Northwestern University Common Data Set 2019 2020 Part B PDF Northwestern University IPEDS Northwestern University Color Brand Tools website of Northwestern University History About Northwestern Facts Northwestern University Retrieved May 22 2015 QS Top Universities 2022 QS Top Universities THE World University Rankings 2021 Times Higher Education July 6 2021 US News Best Global Universities US News World University Rankings 2021 22 Center for World University Rankings CWUR Timeline 1850 1899 History About Northwestern University July 10 2007 Archived from the original on July 10 2007 Retrieved June 6 2021 Big Ten History Big Ten Conference Official Site August 2014 Archived from the original on November 14 2013 Retrieved May 22 2015 Academics Northwestern University Retrieved May 22 2015 Campus Highlights Northwestern University www northwestern edu Retrieved May 10 2020 About Northwestern University in Qatar Retrieved May 22 2015 San Francisco Northwestern Retrieved January 11 2017 EMBA Miami Campus Retrieved December 10 2020 a b 2022 Financial Report PDF Report Retrieved January 9 2021 Research funding breaks through to 886 million Northwestern Now Retrieved September 8 2019 About Northwestern Research and the Office for Research About Research News Northwestern University Retrieved March 21 2019 Fall Quarter 2021 Enrollment Statistics PDF Retrieved July 24 2022 Winning Institutions Search The Rhodes Scholarships www rhodeshouse ox ac uk Retrieved December 11 2021 Thibault Marie In Pictures Billionaire University Forbes Retrieved December 11 2021 Williamson amp Wild 1976 pp 5 6 The Northwestern University Charter and Amendments PDF Northwestern University Retrieved August 5 2007 Keeping the Faith Northwestern Retrieved July 20 2007 Northwestern s own religious identity stretches back to its genesis The University began with a prayer the school s nine founders all of them Methodists three of them ministers knelt in worship before launching their first organizational meeting During that meeting they agreed to establish a university under the patronage of the Methodist Episcopal Church Throughout most of its history Northwestern kept a strong Methodist tie Regional church conferences chose a member of the board of trustees and until 1890 every University president was an ordained Methodist minister Planning a university to serve the Northwest Territory Northwestern University Retrieved August 15 2013 Although the founders were strong Methodists three of them were Methodist ministers and before the meeting all those in attendance joined in prayer they also firmly believed that Northwestern should be an institution that would serve all people At that time in history particularly in the Midwest many religious denominations founded colleges aimed at educating only members of their religion Williamson amp Wild 1976 pp 10 11 Williamson amp Wild 1976 pp 6 Perpetual Scholarships provided early university funding Northwestern University Archived from the original on August 3 2007 Retrieved August 5 2007 Eclectic by Design The Daily Northwestern October 28 2002 Archived from the original on September 29 2007 Williamson amp Wild 1976 pp 23 28 Williamson amp Wild 1976 pp 83 84 110 Northwestern Undergraduate Catalog 2005 07 Vol XXVIII 3 ed 2005 The First 150 Years www northwestern edu Retrieved January 6 2021 Barnes Sarah August 1999 A Lost Opportunity in American Education The Proposal to Merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University American Journal of Education University of Chicago Press 107 4 289 320 doi 10 1086 444224 S2CID 144002429 doi 10 1086 444224 S2CID 144002429 Harold F Williamson and Payson S Wild Northwestern University A History 1850 1975 1976 pp 180 95 Quinn Patrick Winter 1993 Wartime on Campus PDF Northwestern Perspective Secter Bob October 28 1995 Pioneering Scholar in African Studies Finally Gets His Due Chicago Tribune Gottlieb Martin August 2 1995 Pattern Emerges in Bomber s Tract The New York Times Retrieved May 22 2015 Younger Lucille November 5 1972 N U Ignores Evanston Bill for Riot Expense Payment Chicago Tribune Schwanitz Charles November 23 1952 Future Expansion of N U to Bring Zoning Problems Chicago Daily Tribune Tatum Christine May 6 2001 When others see purple NU s public offerings an antidote to tension Chicago Tribune Dry for more than a century Northwestern University Archived from the original on June 8 2007 Retrieved August 6 2007 Thayer Kate 20 years ago this weekend Princess Diana wowed Chicago in Northwestern purple chicagotribune com Retrieved December 22 2020 Princess Diana s visit to Northwestern remembered on eve of royal wedding news northwestern edu Retrieved December 22 2020 Then The People s Princess Northwestern Magazine Northwestern University www northwestern edu Retrieved December 22 2020 Jeter Jon February 17 1999 A New Ending To an Old Story Journalism Students Rewrite the Case Of an Innocent Man Set to Die The Washington Post Medill Innocence Project Archived from the original on May 14 2011 Retrieved August 26 2008 Mills Steve Possley Maurice January 12 2003 Decision day for 156 inmates Ryan poised to make history after 3 years of debate on death penalty Chicago Tribune Northwestern wins eight building design awards from local non profit Northwestern Now news northwestern edu Retrieved August 9 2018 Rhodes Dawn July 9 2018 NU sports complex opens as student center stalls some projects hinge on donor enthusiasm Chicago Tribune Retrieved August 9 2018 Remarks by the President on the Economy Northwestern University whitehouse gov October 2 2014 Retrieved January 6 2021 Feinberg Welcomes Dutch King and Queen to Campus News Center June 4 2015 Retrieved October 31 2021 Billionaire Couple Breaks Record With 480 Million Donation To Northwestern University Evanston IL Patch September 22 2021 Retrieved December 11 2021 a b Montgomery Ward Memorial Building Northwestern Fall 2012 Retrieved November 7 2018 a b c Northwestern Architecture Chicago Campus Northwestern University Archives Retrieved July 11 2008 Refund Time New York November 29 1937 Archived from the original on September 17 2011 Retrieved July 11 2008 Northwestern Architecture Montgomery Ward Northwestern University Archives Retrieved July 11 2008 Northwestern Architecture Wieboldt Hall Northwestern University Archives Retrieved July 11 2008 Northwestern Architecture Levy Mayer Hall Northwestern University Archives Retrieved July 11 2008 Northwestern Architecture Abbott Hall Northwestern University Archives Retrieved July 4 2009 A choice Save Prentice or save lives add jobs and research dollars Chicago Sun Times Archived from the original on September 17 2012 Lewin Tamar February 11 2008 Oil money cultivates a Mideast Ivy League International Herald Tribune Paris Retrieved January 6 2009 Northwestern University in Qatar Northwestern University Retrieved January 6 2009 Northwestern professor raises questions about its branch in Qatar The Washington Post Retrieved October 2 2016 a b c In Qatar s Education City U S colleges are building an academic oasis The Washington Post Retrieved October 2 2016 Choen Jodi April 6 2007 Qatar entices NU to expand east School near deal to open a campus Chicago Tribune Northwestern University expected to open journalism school in Qatar International Herald Tribune Paris The Associated Press April 6 2007 Archived from the original on October 13 2007 Retrieved January 6 2009 Anderson Nick February 23 2016 Northwestern University will stay a decade longer in Qatar The Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved February 23 2016 Stoltzfus Justin Advocate questions motive behind Qatar s financial ties to U S colleges Retrieved October 2 2016 Reports Gulf News Journal While U S universities see dollar signs in Qatari partnerships some cry foul Retrieved October 2 2016 Board of Trustees Charter National and Alumni Trustees Northwestern University Retrieved July 14 2011 Henry Bienen to Retire as Northwestern University President Press release Northwestern News Center May 4 2008 Morton O Schapiro Named Northwestern University President Press release Northwestern News Center December 16 2008 Archived from the original on December 19 2008 Executives Compensation at Private Institutions The Chronicle of Higher Education Retrieved May 17 2009 President s Staff Northwestern University Office of the President Archived from the original on May 17 2008 Retrieved September 16 2008 Northwestern Associated Student Government Northwestern Associated Student Government Archived from the original on June 14 2008 Retrieved September 19 2008 Graduate Student Association Mission Statement Northwestern University Graduate Student Association Archived from the original on October 26 2008 Retrieved September 19 2008 a b Faculty Handbook PDF Northwestern University Archived from the original PDF on May 14 2008 Retrieved September 19 2008 Northwestern University Dental School 1891 2001 Archive Northwestern University Retrieved on May 7 2012 Investment Office Northwestern University www northwestern edu Retrieved December 11 2021 Goals and Progress wewill northwestern edu Retrieved December 22 2020 a b c Institute for Sustainable Energy at Northwestern Northwestern University Retrieved May 22 2015 Northwestern University Facilities Management Environmental Sustainability Northwestern University Archived from the original on August 2 2013 Retrieved August 15 2013 Northwestern University Evanston Campus Framework Plan PDF Northwestern University Retrieved June 1 2009 Common Data Set 2020 2021 PDF Northwestern University Retrieved March 18 2022 Common Data Set 2015 2016 PDF Northwestern University Retrieved March 18 2022 Northwestern University U S News amp World Report Retrieved September 22 2015 Ramos Bechara Diego April 9 2021 Northwestern s acceptance rate falls to 6 8 percent lowest in University history Northwestern Class of 2023 Facts and Figures PDF Northwestern Retrieved May 10 2020 Northwestern University Common Data Set 2019 2020 PDF Retrieved May 10 2020 Tribune Chicago Northwestern University opening more doors to community college students chicagotribune com Retrieved April 20 2016 What Vanderbilt Northwestern and other elite colleges don t say about their acceptance rates Washington Post Retrieved June 4 2022 Class of 2024 Facts and Figures PDF Retrieved June 27 2022 Forbes America s Top Colleges List 2022 Forbes Retrieved September 13 2022 Wall Street Journal Times Higher Education College Rankings 2022 The Wall Street Journal Times Higher Education Retrieved July 26 2022 2022 2023 Best National Universities U S News amp World Report Retrieved September 13 2022 2022 National University Rankings Washington Monthly Retrieved September 13 2022 ShanghaiRanking s Academic Ranking of World Universities Shanghai Ranking Consultancy Retrieved September 13 2022 QS World University Rankings 2023 Quacquarelli Symonds Retrieved July 26 2022 World University Rankings 2022 Times Higher Education Retrieved July 26 2022 2022 Best Global Universities Rankings U S News amp World Report Retrieved July 26 2022 a b c d Institutions Northwestern University The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching Retrieved September 18 2008 University Accreditation Northwestern University Archived from the original on May 16 2008 Retrieved September 18 2008 Undergraduate Programs A to Z Guide Northwestern University Retrieved December 2 2009 Graduate and Professional Programs A to Z Guide Northwestern University Retrieved December 2 2009 Our Students and Alumni Northwestern University Retrieved April 17 2015 Past Recipients Honorary Degrees Office of the Provost Northwestern University Archived from the original on July 6 2008 Retrieved January 4 2009 Awards and Honors Honorary Degrees Office of the Provost Northwestern University Archived from the original on June 6 2011 Retrieved January 4 2009 Northwestern University Classics Department Eta Sigma Phi Archived from the original on June 8 2013 Retrieved August 2 2013 Undergraduate Course Catalog Honors and Prizes PDF Office of the Registrar Northwestern University 2008 2009 pp 28 29 Archived from the original PDF on December 21 2008 Retrieved January 3 2009 Alpha Sigma Lambda Homepage Retrieved June 6 2013 Undergraduate lt Northwestern University catalogs northwestern edu Retrieved December 22 2020 Facts Northwestern University www northwestern edu Retrieved December 22 2020 Conant Daisy August 16 2020 An insider s guide to the academic system at NU The Daily Northwestern Retrieved March 21 2021 Undergraduate Course Catalog Academic Calendar PDF Office of the Registrar Northwestern University 2009 2010 Archived from the original PDF on June 5 2010 Retrieved December 2 2009 Undergraduate Course Catalog Academic Options PDF Office of the Registrar Northwestern University 2008 2009 pp 29 30 Archived from the original PDF on December 21 2008 Retrieved January 3 2009 Member Institutions and Years of Admission Association of American Universities Archived from the original on May 21 2012 Retrieved September 18 2008 Top Research Universities Faculty Scholarly Productivity Index The Chronicle of Higher Education Archived from the original on June 11 2011 Retrieved May 17 2009 Office for RESEARCH www research northwestern edu Retrieved December 22 2020 University Research Centers Office of Research Northwestern University Archived from the original on July 15 2008 Retrieved January 4 2009 Center for Developmental Therapeutics CDT Chemistry of Life Processes Institute July 28 2013 Archived from the original on July 28 2013 Retrieved October 16 2019 Center for Device Development Archived October 1 2013 at the Wayback Machine National Academy of Inventors 2018 Top 100 Worldwide Universities Granted U S Utility Patents in 2018 PDF Retrieved December 22 2020 a b Library Resources PDF Northwestern University Library Retrieved January 3 2009 Selected Statistics for ARL University Libraries for 2005 06 Institutional Research Northwestern University Retrieved January 3 2009 dead link Melville J Herskovits Library of African Studies Northwestern University Library Retrieved January 3 2009 the largest separate Africana collection in existence a b Google Project Will Create Digital Repository for Select University Library Collections Northwestern University News Office June 6 2007 Retrieved January 3 2009 History Museum amp Building Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art Northwestern University Archived from the original on March 6 2009 Retrieved January 3 2009 Cubbage Alan K January 17 2011 Holocaust Educational Foundation to Join Northwestern Northwestern will continue the Foundation s efforts to support Holocaust research outreach Retrieved January 18 2011 Holocaust Educational Foundation to Become Part of Northwestern U Chronicle of Higher Education January 17 2011 Retrieved January 18 2011 College Scorecard Northwestern University United States Department of Education Retrieved May 8 2022 Common Data Set 2019 2020 PDF 2020 Common Data Set Enrollment and persistence Northwestern University Retrieved September 18 2008 Diversity Undergraduate Admissions Northwestern University admissions northwestern edu Retrieved December 23 2020 a b Fall Quarter 2014 Enrollment Statistics PDF Northwestern University Archived from the original PDF on August 7 2015 Retrieved April 17 2015 Bachelors Degerees by Discipline 2003 04 and 2007 08 XLS Institutional Research Northwestern University Retrieved January 3 2009 dead link Full time graduate students in S amp E and health in all institutions ranked by 2005 total National Science Foundation 2005 Retrieved January 4 2009 Total Graduate School Enrollment by Department Fall 1997 through Fall 2007 XLS Institutional Research Northwestern University Retrieved January 3 2008 dead link Buchaniec Catherine July 28 2020 As abolition movement grows nationwide Greek orgs discuss disbanding The Daily Northwestern Retrieved December 23 2020 Fraternities and Sororities Recognized by Northwestern University Office of Fraternity and Sorority Life Northwestern University Archived from the original on March 16 2009 Retrieved May 15 2009 Northwestern University Facts Northwestern University Archived from the original on June 21 2008 Retrieved August 20 2008 Greenstein Teddy The 270 million Walter Athletics Center is spectacular but can it help Northwestern win chicagotribune com Retrieved June 25 2020 Abbey Wallace November 16 1924 Maroons beat Purple by a Dropkick Chicago Tribune pp A1 Damer Roy April 18 1972 Purple Haze Won t Go Away At N U Chicago Tribune Lomonico David May 25 2008 Northwestern completes four peat in women s lacrosse ESPN Northwestern wins 5th straight title ESPN The Associated Press May 24 2009 Northwestern Women s Lacrosse Archives Northwestern University Archived from the original on May 26 2013 Retrieved May 21 2013 Appearances in AP Top 10 AP Poll Archive Archived from the original on March 28 2012 Retrieved March 7 2010 Appearances in at 1 in AP Poll AP Poll Archive Archived from the original on March 28 2012 Retrieved March 7 2010 Northwestern Football History Database NationalChamps net Retrieved May 2 2009 Bumiller Elisabeth November 9 1981 The Streak Northwestern Sets Football Record 29 Demoralizing Losses in a Row Northwestern s Streak The Washington Post p D1 Pomerantz Gary September 25 1982 Northwestern Paradise Found After 34 Lost Weekends The Washington Post p F1 Sprow Chris July 1 2006 Randy Walker Northwestern Head Football Coach 52 Dies The New York Times Retrieved January 6 2009 Eligon John August 9 2006 Northwestern s Fitzgerald a Comforting Figure for a Familiar Pain The New York Times Retrieved January 6 2009 Fitzgerald becomes youngest coach in Division I A ESPN July 8 2006 Retrieved January 6 2009 100 Great Moments in Big Ten Men s Basketball History Big Ten Official Athletic Site Archived from the original on July 25 2011 Retrieved May 15 2009 Northwestern Falls to Gonzaga in Second Round 79 73 NBC Chicago March 19 2017 Retrieved March 25 2017 Sentences Issued in Gambling Case The New York Times November 25 1998 Retrieved July 13 2008 Belluck Pam March 27 1998 Ex Northwestern Players Charged in Point Shaving The New York Times Retrieved July 13 2008 Berkow Ira April 20 1998 Caught in Gambling s Grip A Promising Career Unravels at Northwestern The New York Times Retrieved July 13 2008 Dedman Bill December 4 1998 College Football 4 Are Indicted in Northwestern Football Scandal The New York Times Retrieved July 13 2008 College Player Dies at Practice The New York Times August 4 2001 Retrieved July 13 2008 Fountain John August 8 2001 Amid Questions Northwestern Honors a Hero The New York Times Retrieved July 13 2008 Banned Substance in Wheeler s System The New York Times August 21 2001 Retrieved July 13 2008 University Examines Use of Supplements The New York Times August 13 2001 Retrieved July 13 2008 Sprow Chris May 16 2006 Northwestern Women s Soccer Team Suspended After Hazing The New York Times Northwestern women s soccer coach resigns ESPN June 21 2006 Keeping the Faith Northwestern Magazine Retrieved May 27 2009 Quinn Patrick M March 1980 The Northwestern University seal It sure looks Greek to me PDF Northwestern Memo p 4 Retrieved August 6 2007 a b Northwestern is steeped in traditions that make it home to our students Student Affairs Northwestern University www northwestern edu Retrieved December 23 2020 Events in Northwestern History Archived from the original on October 13 2007 Retrieved October 4 2007 Brand Colors Kellogg Brand Tools University Songs amp Symbols Northwestern University Archives Retrieved June 11 2017 The History of the Rock Northwestern University September 2 2005 Archived from the original on February 25 2009 Retrieved May 22 2015 About Dillo Day Northwestern traditions Campus life Freshman Office of Undergraduate Admission Northwestern University Ugadm northwestern edu Retrieved May 22 2012 Lanning Michael September 27 2007 Keys claws and nachos for breakfast A beginners guide to NU football games Archived from the original on September 20 2008 Retrieved August 26 2008 About NUDM Northwestern University Dance Marathon Retrieved December 23 2020 About Northwestern Community Development Corps Archived from the original on September 28 2013 Retrieved August 15 2013 Freshman Urban Program FUP Northwestern University Archived from the original on May 3 2013 Retrieved August 15 2013 Global Engagement Studies Institute Archived from the original on December 28 2013 McCormick students and faculty tackle health care challenge in the developing world McCormick School of Engineering Retrieved July 4 2009 World Health Imaging Alliance Partners For X Rays in Developing World McCormick School of Engineering Archived from the original on June 11 2010 Retrieved July 4 2009 What is StuCo Northwestern University s Student Theatre Coalition Archived from the original on August 12 2013 Retrieved August 15 2013 Waa Mu Shares Tips for Writing Musicals Northwestern University Purple Crayon Players History Northwestern University Archived from the original on January 2 2013 Retrieved August 15 2013 Lookingglass Theatre wins regional Tony Award Crain s Chicago Business nn The Associated Press May 3 2011 Retrieved August 15 2013 Duchan Joshua 2012 Powerful Voices The Musical and Social World of Collegiate A Cappella University of Michigan Press pp 108 171 ISBN 978 0472118250 Multicultural Student Affairs Student Groups Northwestern University Archived from the original on September 27 2013 Retrieved September 25 2013 Local Sherman Ave Archived from the original on May 15 2015 Retrieved May 22 2015 Interviews Sherman Ave Archived from the original on June 8 2015 Retrieved May 22 2015 Freshman Guide Sherman Ave Archived from the original on May 6 2015 Retrieved May 22 2015 Sherman Ave Twitter Retrieved May 22 2015 Bennett Smith Meredith September 8 2012 Vanderbilt Football Team Targeted By Fake Change org Petition Alleging Baby Seal Clubbing The Huffington Post Retrieved May 22 2015 Vanderbilt Maintains Controversial Baby Seal Clubbing Program Sherman Ave Archived from the original on March 24 2015 Retrieved May 22 2015 About WNUR FM Retrieved August 15 2013 Studio 22 Productions I Internet Movie Database Retrieved May 22 2015 Earned Bid List for 2018 NCT PDF Retrieved January 21 2019 2018 National Championship Results Retrieved January 21 2019 2018 2019 Bonus Bid Rankings PDF American Mock Trial Association Retrieved January 21 2019 Team Numbers www collegemocktrial org Retrieved January 21 2019 In Pictures Billionaire Universities Forbes August 11 2010 Leber Holly Alumnus March 8 2007 Coloring Hollywood Purple ChiTown Daily News Chicago Archived from the original on July 30 2012 Retrieved March 26 2009 Jevens Darel July 23 2002 Chicago trained brothers face off on late night shows Chicago Sun Times p 38 Archived from the original on October 17 2015 Retrieved May 22 2015 Lavin Cheryl March 22 1998 Hollywood on the Lake Chicagoans Are Making It Big Time in The Biz Chicago Tribune p 10 Retrieved May 22 2015 Russo Francine September 3 2002 Rallying the 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portalPridmore Jay 2000 Northwestern University Celebrating 150 Years Evanston Illinois Northwestern University Press ISBN 0 8101 1829 7 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Northwestern University Official website Official athletics website Northwestern University The New Student s Reference Work 1914 Northwestern University New International Encyclopedia 1905 Chicago Dance History Project Interviews with Dancers connected to Northwestern University Coordinates 42 03 17 N 87 40 26 W 42 0548 N 87 6739 W 42 0548 87 6739 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Northwestern University amp oldid 1134319246, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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