fbpx
Wikipedia

Political positions of Emmanuel Macron

January 01, 1970

Emmanuel Macron, the 25th president of France, positions himself as a centrist.[1] Some observers describe him as a social liberal,[2][3][4] while others call him a social democrat.[5] During his time in the French Socialist Party, he supported the party's centrist wing,[6] whose political stance has been associated with Third Way policies advanced by Bill Clinton, Tony Blair, and Gerhard Schröder, and whose leading spokesman has been former prime minister Manuel Valls.[7][8][9][10]

Macron (sitting far left) and French President François Hollande at the G20 summit in Mexico, 19 June 2012

Macron is accused by some members of the yellow vests of being an "ultra-liberal president for the rich".[11] Macron was dubbed the "president of the very rich" by former Socialist French president François Hollande.[12] In the past, Macron has called himself a "socialist",[13] but he has labelled himself as a "centrist liberal" since August 2015, refusing observations by critics that he is an "ultra-liberal" economically.[14] During a visit to Vendée in August 2016, he said that he was not a socialist and merely served in a "left-wing government".[15] He has called himself both a "man of the left" and "liberal" in his book Révolution.[16] Macron has since been labelled an economic neoliberal with a socio-cultural liberal viewpoint.[17]

Macron created the centrist political party En Marche in an attempt to create a party that could cross partisan lines.[18] Speaking on why he formed En Marche, he said there is a real divide in France between "conservatives and progressives".[19] His political platform during the 2017 French presidential election contained stances from both the left and right,[20] which led to him being positioned as a radical centrist by Le Figaro.[21] Macron has rejected centrist as a label,[22] although political scientist Luc Rouban has compared his platform to former centrist president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, who is the only other French president to have been elected on a centrist platform.[23]

Macron has been compared to former president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing due to their ability to win a presidential election on a centrist platform and for their similar governing styles. Both were inspectors of finance, were given responsibilities based around tax and revenue, both were very ambitious about running for the position of president, showing their keenness early in their careers and both were seen as figures of renewal in French political life.[24][25][26][27][28][29] In 2016, d'Estaing said himself that he was "a little like Macron".[30] Observers have noted that while they are alike ideologically, d'Estaing had ministerial experience and time in Parliament to show for his political life while Macron had never been elected before.[31]

Economy edit

 
Macron addressing the World Economic Forum 2018 in Davos, Switzerland

Macron has advocated in favour of the free market and reducing the public-finances deficit.[32] He first publicly used the word liberal to describe himself in a 2015 interview with Le Monde. He added that he is "neither right nor left" and that he advocates a "collective solidarity".[14][33] During a visit to the Puy du Fou in Vendée with Philippe de Villiers in August 2016, he stated: "Honesty compels me to say that I am not a socialist."[34] Macron explained that he was part of the "left government" because he wanted to "serve the public interest" as any minister would.[15] In his book Révolution, published in November 2016, Macron presents himself as both a "leftist" and a "liberal ... if by liberalism one means trust in man".[35]

With his party En Marche, Macron's stated aim is to transcend the left–right divide in a manner similar to that of François Bayrou or Jacques Chaban-Delmas, asserting that "the real divide in our country ... is between progressives and conservatives". With the launch of his independent candidacy and his use of anti-establishment rhetoric, Macron has been labelled a populist by some observers, notably Valls, but Macron has rejected this term.[36][37]

Macron is a supporter of the El Khomri law. He became the most vocal proponent of the economic overhaul of the country.[38] Macron has stated that he wants to go further than the El Khomri law in reforming the labour code.[39]

Macron is in favour of tax cuts. During the 2017 presidential election, Macron proposed cutting the corporate tax rate from 33.3% to 25%. Macron also wanted to remove investment income from the wealth tax so that it is solely a tax on high-value property.[40] Macron also wanted to exempt 18 million households from local residence tax, branding the tax as "unfair" during his 2017 presidential campaign.[41][42][43]

Macron is against raising taxes on the highest earners. When asked about François Hollande's proposal to raise income tax on the upper class to 75%, Macron compared the policy to the Cuban taxation system.[44] Macron supports stopping tax avoidance.[5]

On 8 June 2021, Macron was slapped in the face during a visit to the town of Tain-l'Hermitage. The attacker was identified as Damien Tarel, who stated that he was associated with the yellow vest movement and the far-right, though he was also described as an "ideological mush".[45][46] Tarel was sentenced to four months of imprisonment plus a suspended sentence of fourteen months.[47]

 
Protest against President Macron and his economic policies in Paris on 5 May 2018

Macron has advocated for the end of the 35-hour work week;[48][49] however, his view has changed over time and he now seeks reforms that aim to preserve the 35-hour work week while increasing France's competitiveness.[50] He has said that he wants to return flexibility to companies without ending the 35-hour work week.[51] This would include companies renegotiating work hours and overtime payments with employees.

Macron has supported cutting the number of civil servants by 120,000.[52] Macron also supports spending cuts, saying he would cut 60 billion euros in public spending over a span of five years.[53]

He has supported the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the European Union and criticized the Walloon government for trying to block it.[54] He believes that CETA should not require the endorsement of national parliaments because "it undermines the EU".[55] Macron supports the idea of the Eurozone having a common budget.[56][57][53]

Regarding the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), Macron stated in June 2016 that "the conditions [to sign the treaty] are not met", adding that "we mustn't close the door entirely" and "need a strong link with the US".[58]

In April 2017, Macron called for a "rebalancing" of Germany's trade surplus, saying that "Germany benefits from the imbalances within the Eurozone and achieves very high trade surpluses".[59]

In March 2018, Macron announced that the government would spend 1.5 billion euros ($1.9 billion) on artificial intelligence to boost innovation. The money would be used to sponsor research projects and scientific laboratories, as well as to finance startup companies whose focus is AI within the country.[60]

Foreign policy edit

See also: List of international presidential trips made by Emmanuel Macron
 
The G7 leaders, 26 May 2017
 
Macron with Chadian president Idriss Déby in N'Djamena, December 2018
 
Macron with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg, 24 March 2022

In 2017, Macron described France's colonization of Algeria as a "crime against humanity".[61][62] He also said: "It's truly barbarous and it's part of a past that we need to confront by apologizing to those against whom we committed these acts."[63] Polls following his remarks reflected a decrease in his support.[61] In January 2021, Macron stated there would be "no repentance nor apologies" for the French colonization of Algeria, colonial abuses or French involvement during the Algerian independence war.[64][65][66] Instead efforts would be devoted toward reconciliation.[64][65][66]

Macron described the 2011 military intervention in Libya as a "historic error".[67]

In 2012, Macron was a Young Leader with the French-American Foundation.[68]

In January 2017, he said France needed a more "balanced" policy toward Syria, including talks with Bashar al-Assad.[69] In April 2017, following the chemical attack in Khan Shaykhun, Macron proposed a possible military intervention against the Assad regime, preferably under United Nations auspices.[70] He has warned if the Syrian regime uses chemical weapons during his presidency he will act unilaterally to punish it.[67]

He supports the continuation of President Hollande's policies on Israel, opposes the BDS movement, and has refused to state a position on recognition of the State of Palestine.[71] In May 2018, Macron condemned "the violence of Israeli armed forces" against Palestinians in Gaza border protests.[72]

He criticized the Franco-Swiss construction firm LafargeHolcim for competing to build the wall on the Mexico–United States border promised by U.S. President Donald Trump.[73]

Macron has called for a peaceful solution during the 2017 North Korea crisis,[74] though he agreed to work with US President Trump against North Korea.[75] Macron and Trump apparently conducted a phone call on 12 August 2017 where they discussed confronting North Korea, denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula and enforcing new sanctions.[76]

Macron condemned the persecution of Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar. He described the situation as "genocide" and "ethnic purification", and alluded to the prospect of UN-led intervention.[77]

In response to the Turkish invasion of northern Syria aimed at ousting U.S.-backed Syrian Kurds from the enclave of Afrin, Macron said that Turkey must respect Syria's sovereignty, despite his condemnation of Bashar al-Assad.[78]

Macron has voiced support for the Saudi Arabian-led military campaign against Yemen's Shiite rebels.[79] He also defended France's arms sales to the Saudi-led coalition.[80] Some rights groups have argued that France is violating national and international law by selling weapons to members of the Saudi-led coalition fighting in Yemen.[81][82]

In response to the death of Chinese Nobel Peace Prize laureate Liu Xiaobo, who died of organ failure while in government custody, Macron praised Liu as "a freedom fighter". Macron also described as "extremely fruitful and positive" his first contacts with President Xi Jinping.[83]

Macron expressed concerns over Turkey's "rash and dangerous" statements regarding the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war between the armed forces of Azerbaijan and Armenia, further stating that he was "extremely concerned by the warlike messages".[84] He also said: "A red line has been crossed, which is unacceptable. I urge all NATO partners to face up to the behaviour of a NATO member."[85]

European Union edit

 
In June 2019, representatives of EU and Mercosur announced they had reached an EU–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement
 
Macron with President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen in Paris, 3 June 2022

An article in the New York Times described Emmanuel Macron as "ardently pro-Europe" and stated that he "has proudly embraced an unpopular European Union."[86]

Macron has been described by some as Europhile[21][87] and federalist[88][89] but he describes himself as "neither pro-European, eurosceptic nor a federalist in the classical sense",[90] and his party as "the only pro-European political force in France".[91]

In June 2015, Macron and his German counterpart Sigmar Gabriel published a platform advocating a continuation of European integration. They advocated the continuation "of structural reforms (such as labor markets), institutional reforms (including the area of economic governance)."[92]

He also advocated the creation of a post of EU Commissioner that would be responsible for the Eurozone and the Eurozone's Parliament and common budget.[93]

In addition, Macron stated: "I'm in favour of strengthening anti-dumping measures which have to be faster and more powerful like those in the United States. We also need to establish a monitoring of foreign investments in strategic sectors at the EU level in order to protect a vital industry and to ensure our sovereignty and the European superiority."[14] Macron also stated that, if elected, he would seek to renegotiate the Treaty of Le Touquet with the United Kingdom which has caused a build-up of economic migrants in Calais. When Macron served as economy minister he had suggested the Treaty could be scrapped if the UK left the European Union.[94]

On 1 May 2017, Macron said the EU needed to reform or face Frexit.[95] On 26 September, he unveiled his proposals for the EU, intending to deepen the bloc politically and harmonize its rules. He argued for institutional changes, initiatives to promote EU, along with new ventures in the technology, defence and energy sectors. His proposals also included setting up a rapid reaction force working along with national armies while establishing a finance minister, budget and parliament for the Eurozone. He also called for a new tax on technology giants, an EU-wide asylum agency to deal with the refugee crisis, and changes to the Common Agricultural Policy.[96]

Following the declaration of independence by Catalonia, Macron joined the EU in supporting Spanish prime minister Mariano Rajoy.[97] In a conversation with BBC's Andrew Marr, Macron stated that theoretically if France should choose to withdraw from the EU, it would do so through a national popular vote.[98] In November 2019, Macron blocked EU accession talks with Albania and North Macedonia, proposing changes to the EU Enlargement policy. In an interview with The Economist, Macron said that the EU was too reliant on NATO and the US, and that it should initiate "strategic dialogue" with Russia.[99]

After the European elections in 2019, it was Macron in particular who prevented the leading candidate of the European People's Party, Manfred Weber, from becoming president of the European Commission. Previously it had been a tradition that the top candidate of the largest party always took over this post. Critics accused Macron of having by his actions ignored the democratic decision of the voters for political reasons, sacrificing democratic principles for his own interests.[100]

Greece edit

In July 2015, as economy minister, Macron stated in an interview that any bailout package for Greece must also ease its burden by including reductions in the country's overall debt.[101] In July 2015, while challenging the "loaded question" of the 2015 Greek referendum, Macron called for resisting the "automatic ejection" of Greece from the Eurozone and avoiding "the Versailles Treaty of the Eurozone", in which case the "No" side would win. He believed that the Greek and European leaders co-produced the Greek government-debt crisis,[102] and that the agreement reached in summer 2015 between Greece and its creditors, notably driven by François Hollande, would not help Greece deal with its debt, and at the same time criticized the International Monetary Fund.[103]

In June 2016, he criticized the austerity policies imposed on Greece as unsustainable, and called for the joint establishment of "fiscal and financial solidarity mechanisms" and a mechanism for restructuring the debt of Eurozone member states.[103] Yanis Varoufakis, minister of finance in the First Cabinet of Alexis Tsipras, praised Macron, calling him "the only French Minister in the François Hollande's administration that seemed to understand what was at stake in the Eurozone" and who, according to him, "tried to play the intermediary between us [Greece] and the troika of our creditors, the EC, IMF, ECB even if they don't allow him to play the role".[104]

Others edit

 
Macron with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum on 24 May 2018
 
Macron with Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko in Paris, 12 April 2019
 
Macron with U.S. President Joe Biden in Washington, D.C., 1 December 2022

President Macron has supported NATO and its role in the security of eastern European states and also pressure on NATO partners like Poland to uphold what he called "European values". He said in April 2017 that "in the three months after I'm elected, there will be a decision on Poland. You cannot have a European Union which argues over every single decimal place on the issue of budgets with each country, and which, when you have an EU member which acts like Poland or Hungary on issues linked to universities and learning, or refugees, or fundamental values, decides to do nothing."[105] Polish Foreign Minister Witold Waszczykowski said in response that Macron "violated European standards and the principles of friendship with Poland".[106]

During a press conference with Vladimir Putin at the Palace of Versailles in May 2017, he condemned the Russian state media as "lying propaganda".[107] The same month, he said: "we all know who Le Pen's allies are. The regimes of Orbán, Kaczyński, Putin. These aren't the regimes with an open and free democracy. Every day they break many democratic freedoms."[108]

Macron has said that the European Commission needs to do more to stop the influx of low-paid temporary workers from Central and Eastern Europe into France.[109]

Immigration edit

Macron supported the open-door policy toward migrants from the Middle East and Africa pursued by Angela Merkel in Germany during the 2017 election campaign and promoted tolerance towards immigrants and Muslims.[110][86] Macron expressed confidence in France's ability to absorb more immigrants and welcomed their arrival into Europe, asserting that the influx will have a positive economic impact.[111] However, he later stated that France could "not hold everyone" and cited migration as a major concern of voters. New migration measures were introduced which toughened controls on asylum and fixed quotas for foreign workers.[112][113]

However, he believes that Frontex (the European Border and Coast Guard Agency) is "not a sufficiently ambitious program" and has called for more investment in coast and border guards, "because anyone who enters [Europe] at Lampedusa or elsewhere is a concern for all European countries".[55]

In June 2018 the Aquarius (NGO ship) carrying 629 migrants rescued near Libya was denied entry to Sicilian ports by Italy's new interior minister Matteo Salvini.[114] Italian PM Giuseppe Conte accused France of hypocrisy after Macron said Italy was acting "irresponsibly" by refusing entry to migrants and suggested it had violated international maritime law.[115] Italy's deputy PM Luigi Di Maio said: "I am happy the French have discovered responsibility . . . they should open their ports and we will send a few people to France."[116]

Security and terrorism edit

Macron believed that the proposed reform bill on deprivation of citizenship for French-born and naturalized citizens convicted on terrorism charges was not a "concrete solution" and believed that "the endless prolongation of the state of emergency raises legitimate questions". He advocated an increase in state funding of intelligence agencies.[117]

Macron called for a restoration of community policing and considered that "the management of some major risks must be delegated to the associations or the private sector".[118]

He considered that his proposal to provide each young adult a "Culture Pass" of €500 might encourage young people to discover the culture of France and deter terrorism.[119]

Macron has endorsed proposals to make it mandatory for Internet companies to allow the government to access encrypted communications from customers.[120]

Macron expressed deep regret at US President Trump's decision to withdraw U.S. armed forces from Syria.[121]

In October 2019, Macron warned that Turkey would be responsible for helping the Islamic State to re-establish a Caliphate in Syria as he called on Turkey to stop its military offensive against Kurdish forces in the north of Syria.[122]

Environment edit

 
Macron with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, former U.S. Vice President Al Gore, Ambassador Jane Hartley and actor Robert Redford at the U.S. Ambassador's residence in Paris, 7 December 2015 amid the COP21 Climate Summit

Ahead of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Macron called for acceleration of the ecological transition and advocated a "balance between ecological imperatives and economic requirements", an objective that the French government sought to achieve by fighting on "five fronts": "innovation", "simplification", "strengthening of our energy efficiency and [...] reduction of fossil fuel usage", "energy competitiveness" and "action in Europe and worldwide".[123]

During the summer of 2016 in the aftermath of the Volkswagen emissions scandal, Macron, then Minister of the Economy, defended the use of diesel fuel, which he said was "at the heart of the French industrial policy". His position was criticized by several Socialists, including Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo.[124] Macron also promoted using nuclear energy, which he considered "a French choice and a choice for the future".[125] Nevertheless, in 2018, he committed to a policy of reducing the use of nuclear energy to 50% of the energy sources in France by 2035.[126]

In 2016, Macron proposed that France "secures its supplies in the most strategic materials using three levers: the circular economy and the recovery of materials contained in the end of life of the products [...]; the diversification of supplies to overcome geopolitical risks [...] and to bring more competitiveness; the creation of new reasonably-sized mines in France, while following the best social and environmental standards".[127]

Although he was sceptical about the construction of the Aéroport du Grand Ouest, Macron stated he believed the construction should start, since the people backed the project in the 2016 local referendum. However, after Macron's inauguration, Prime Minister Philippe said that plans for construction would be abandoned.[128] He criticized Donald Trump for pulling the United States out of the Paris climate accord on 2 June 2017, and called for scientists to come to France to work together on climate change.[129] On 19 September 2017, he launched a summit on the margins of the 72nd United Nations General Assembly to call for the adoption of a Global Pact for the Environment.[130][131]

In 2018, Macron announced that France would commit €700 million to the International Solar Alliance, a treaty-based alliance to expand solar power infrastructure.[132] The same year, Macron announced that France would phase out coal power, with the target of shutting down all coal-fired power stations (which make up about 1% of French energy generation) by 2021.[133]

 
Macron, Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro and Saudi crown prince Mohammad bin Salman at the 2019 G20 Osaka summit

In 2018, he pursued a petrol tax, albeit the tax stems from an earlier policy under his predecessor, François Hollande.[134] A burgeoning grassroots movement, the Gilets jaunes protests developed throughout France in November and December, extending even to the overseas territory of Réunion. On 4 December, Prime minister Édouard Philippe announced that the tax increase would be pushed back six months.[135] The following day however, Macron scrapped the fuel tax increase altogether.[136]

On 13 January 2019, he penned a 2,300-word letter[137] addressing the nation in response to nine consecutive weeks of protests by the Gilets jaunes movement, calling for three months of national debate to address grievances.[138]

Macron called the 2019 Brazil wildfires an "international crisis" as the Amazon rainforest produces "20% of the world's oxygen".[139] Macron stated he will refuse to ratify the EU–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement unless Brazil commits to protecting the environment.[140]

Macron publicly supports ecocide being made a crime at the International Criminal Court.[141][142] In 2021 the French government passed the Climate and Resilience Law, making "the most serious cases of environmental damage at national level" a crime.[143][144]

Secularism edit

Macron supports the principle of secularism (laïcité). He also said that "we have a duty to let everybody practice their religion with dignity".[145] In July 2016, at the first meeting of En Marche, Macron expressed opposition to banning Muslim headscarves in universities, stating, "Personally, I do not believe we should be inventing new texts, new laws, new standards, in order to hunt down veils at universities and go after people who wear religious symbols during field trips."[146]

In an interview with the French news magazine Marianne, Macron asserted that "secularism is not designed to promote a republican religion", and responded to comments by Valls and Jean-Pierre Chevènement regarding the practice of Islam in French society by condemning the notion that citizens should be "discreet" in their religious practice, stating that "historical precedents when we asked for discretion in matters of religion did not bring honor to the Republic."[147]

In the same interview, Macron said of French Muslims, "I ask one thing: absolutely respect the rules while in public. Religious relationships are about transcendence, and I am not asking people to be moderate – that's not what I'm arguing. My own deep conviction is that a practising Catholic may believe that the laws of his religion go far beyond the laws of the Republic. I simply believe that when one enters the public realm, the laws of the Republic must prevail over religious law." He also condemned "religious schools that teach hatred towards the Republic, with instruction mainly in Arabic or, in other instances, which teach the Torah more than basic fundamentals."[147] This statement triggered an intense negative reaction from the Fonds Social Juif Unifié (FSJU), an organization that runs Jewish religious schools in France.[148]

On 2 October 2020, he unveiled a plan to defend France's secular values against what he termed as "Islamist radicalism", saying the religion was "in crisis" all over the world, prompting a backlash from Muslim activists. He announced that the government would present a bill in December to strengthen a 1905 law that officially separated church and state in France.[149] Macron faced further backlash when after the murder of Samuel Paty, he defended the caricatures of Muhammad by Charlie Hebdo. Many Muslims called for French products to be boycotted in their countries, while European leaders supported his remarks.[150]

Islamic extremism edit

On 17 October 2023, after the Arras school stabbing and the Brussels shooting, carried out by Islamists in France and Belgium respectively, Macron stated that "Europe is seeing a rise of 'Islamist terrorism' and all states are threatened".[151]

Healthcare edit

In 2016 Macron supported stopping what he calls the "compartmentalisation of healthcare" by allowing private practitioners into public hospitals.[93] Macron also supported investing money in medical science to develop new technology and find better ways to treat patients.[152]

In 2017 Macron advocated for national health insurance covering optical, hearing and dental care.[153] According to Les Echos, extending national health insurance coverage to optics, hearing and dental care would cost €4.4 billion a year.[154]

Education edit

Macron supported giving more autonomy to schools and universities.[155][156] Macron wanted to create a programme to make schools pay experienced teachers higher salaries and give them more educational freedom.[155]

Macron wanted to combat the issue of income inequality in schools by attempting to improve working-class schools and providing incentives to better-off children to persuade them to attend working-class schools.[155]

Macron wanted to make vocational education a priority. He has referred to Germany's system as one that his government would follow when putting forward measures relating to vocational education.[157]

On 2 October 2020, Macron announced his intention to ban homeschooling with medical exceptions by 2021, in order to address separatist Islamic indoctrination, which he saw as conflicting with the secular values of the French Republic.[158]

 
Macron with Queen Elizabeth II, Donald Trump, Theresa May, Angela Merkel, and other world leaders mark the 75th anniversary of D-Day in June 2019

On responsibility for the Holocaust edit

In July 2017, while at a ceremony at the site of the Vélodrome d'Hiver where 13,000 Jews had been rounded up for deportation to death camps in July 1942, Macron denounced his country's role in the Holocaust and the historical revisionism that denied France's responsibility for the 1942 Vel' d'Hiv Roundup and the eventual deportation of 76,000 Jews. Earlier that year, Marine Le Pen, leader of the National Front, had stated in speeches that the government during WWII "was not France".[159][160]

"It was indeed France that organised this [roundup]", Macron said, French police collaborating with the Nazis. "Not a single German took part," he added. Previous president Jacques Chirac had already stated that the government during the war represented the French state.[161] Macron further stated: "It is convenient to see the Vichy regime as born of nothingness, returned to nothingness. Yes, it's convenient, but it is false. We cannot build pride upon a lie."[162][163]

Macron made a subtle reference to Chirac's 1995 apology when he added, "I say it again here. It was indeed France that organized the roundup, the deportation, and thus, for almost all, death."[164][165]

On anti-Zionism and antisemitism edit

In a 2017 speech condemning the historical collaboration of France with the Nazis, Macron also termed anti-Zionism as a new form of antisemitism. While addressing Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu, Macron stated that "we will never surrender to the messages of hate; we will not surrender to anti-Zionism because it is a reinvention of anti-Semitism."[166] He also drew parallels between antisemitism in the past and present. He stated, "You only need to stop for a moment," adding, "to see, behind the new façade, the racism of old, the entrenched vein of anti-Semitism."[167]

On 11th November, 2023, Macron expressed support for a ceasefire in Gaza following a period of armed conflict in the region. Despite recognising a right for Israel to defend itself and condemning the preceding attacks on Israel by Hamas, he said that there was "no justification" for the bombing of Gaza by Israeli forces, arguing that the bombardments "de facto" targeted civilians, especially women and children. Macron went on to express his wishes for other world leaders to join his calls for a ceasefire.[168]

On nationalism edit

During a ceremony commemorating the Armistice Day centenary in November 2018, he referred to nationalism as the "exact opposite" of patriotism, and a betrayal of it, characterizing nationalism as "who cares about others".[169] This prompted criticism that his definition was wrong.[170]

On George Floyd edit

In response to the 2020 George Floyd protests, Macron stated that he opposed racism and acknowledged systemic discrimination existed toward some people in France.[171] He said that unlike other countries, controversial statues of French people from the colonial period would not be removed.[171]

New Caledonian independence edit

Macron expressed gratitude for the result of the 2020 New Caledonian independence referendum, thanking New Caledonians for their "vote of confidence" in the Republic. He also acknowledged those who had backed independence of the French Pacific territory of New Caledonia, calling for dialogue between all sides to map out the future of the region.[172]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "France's Macron Joins Presidential Race to 'Unblock France'". BBC, UK. 16 November 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  2. ^ V.V. (26 August 2014). "Macron, l'anti-Montebourg". Le Journal de Dimanche (in French). Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  3. ^ "Emmanuel Macron, un banquier social-libéral à Bercy". Le Parisien (in French). 26 August 2014. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  4. ^ Gaël Brustier. "Macron ou la "révolution passive" des élites françaises". Slate (in French). Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  5. ^ a b Odile Benyahia-Kouider (28 December 2012). "Ils ont marqué 2012: Emmanuel Macron, l'enfant prodige de l'Elysée". Le Nouvel Observateur (in French). Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  6. ^ "Gauche, droite, centre... qui peut s'allier à Macron?". Bfmtv.com. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  7. ^ "C'est la confiance des entreprises que Manuel Valls doit vraiment obtenir". Slate. 17 September 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  8. ^ "Manuel Valls, c'est le blairisme, mais plus à droite encore". Le Nouvel Observateur. 29 August 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  9. ^ Perrineau, Pascal (2016). "Les droites en France à l'horizon de 2017". Le Débat. 191 (4/191): 113–20. doi:10.3917/deba.191.0113.
  10. ^ "Valls and Macron have much in common...apart from their poll ratings". Financial Times. 12 January 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  11. ^ Lichfield, John (5 February 2019). "Call Emmanuel Macron any name you like – but not 'liberal'". Politico. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  12. ^ Arthur Berdah (26 April 2018). "Pour Hollande, Macron est "le président des très riches"" (in French). from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  13. ^ France Inter (24 January 2017). "'Moi, je suis socialiste': Emmanuel Macron en 2014 – Le 07h43". YouTube. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  14. ^ a b c Fournier, Audrey (27 September 2015). "Emmanuel Macron: "Le libéralisme est une valeur de la gauche"". Le Monde (in French). ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  15. ^ a b "Macron: 'L'honnêteté m'oblige à vous dire que je ne suis pas socialiste'". BFMTV. 22 August 2016.
  16. ^ "Les premiers extraits du livre de Macron dévoilés". Le Huffington Post. 23 November 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  17. ^ Doucet, David (26 April 2017). "Le Parti socialiste et les Républicains risquent d'imploser". Les Inrocks. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  18. ^ "Dépasser le clivage gauche-droite, comme le veut Macron, une idée payante ?". Le Monde (in French). 8 April 2016. ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  19. ^ "Macron: 'La gauche aujourd'hui ne me satisfait pas'". Le Monde (in French). 23 April 2016. ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  20. ^ Sénécat, Adrien (10 November 2016). "Macron candidat à la présidentielle: des propositions mélangeant gauche, droite, neuf et vieux". Le Monde (in French). ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  21. ^ a b Feertchak, Alexis (8 March 2017). "L'offre politique d'Emmanuel Macron au défi des classes populaires". Le Figaro (in French). ISSN 0182-5852. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  22. ^ Mediapart Fr (2 November 2016). "Macron le Gaulois?". YouTube. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  23. ^ "Macron est politiquement coincé". Le Parisien (in French). 23 April 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  24. ^ "Luc Rouban: 'Macron renoue avec la tradition des inspecteurs des Finances à sensibilité sociale'". L'Opinion (in French). 17 March 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  25. ^ "Emmanuel Macron, un Giscard de gauche". Libération (in French). Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  26. ^ "Macron, ce Giscard de gauche que la France attend". Challenges (in French). Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  27. ^ "Histoires d'info. Emmanuel Macron dans les pas de Valéry Giscard d'Estaing?". Franceinfo (in French). 1 September 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  28. ^ Lebaron, Frédéric (23 August 2016). "2. La croyance économique dans le champ politique français". Regards Croisés Sur l'Économie (in French). 18 (18): 32–44. doi:10.3917/rce.018.0032. ISSN 1956-7413.
  29. ^ "Emmanuel Macron, le lanceur d'alerte". Marianne (in French). 1 September 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  30. ^ "Le conseil de Giscard d'Estaing à Macron: gagner "de l'expérience"". France Soir (in French). 6 July 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  31. ^ Opération Elysée (17 November 2016). "Emmanuel Macron peut-il créer la surprise pour la présidentielle 2017 ?". YouTube. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  32. ^ . Libération. 17 September 2012. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  33. ^ (in French). Marianne.net. 4 September 2016. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  34. ^ "" Je ne suis pas socialiste ": la déclaration de Macron au Puy du Fou agace la gauche". Le Monde. 20 August 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
  35. ^ Toussay, Jade (23 November 2016). . HuffPost (in French). Archived from the original on 18 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  36. ^ Boudet, Alexandre (13 July 2016). . HuffPost (in French). Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  37. ^ Réaux, Amandine (13 July 2016). . Le Lab (in French). Europe 1. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  38. ^ Walt, Vivienne, "Emmanuel Macron Has Big Plans for France. Is It Ready for Them?", Time, 5 July 2016.
  39. ^ "Emmanuel Macron: " Il faut aller plus loin que la loi El Khomri"". Les Échos. France. 23 May 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  40. ^ . tax-news.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  41. ^ "Macron's planned tax reforms and you". The Connexion France. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  42. ^ "Taxe d'habitation: Macron avait bien promis son exonération "en début de quinquennat"". Le Huffington Post. 7 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  43. ^ "Comment Macron compte supprimer la taxe d'habitation pour 80% des Français" (in French). Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  44. ^ Visot, Marie (26 August 2014). "Emmanuel Macron, l'anti-Montebourg". Le Figaro (in French). ISSN 0182-5852. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  45. ^ "Man who slapped Emmanuel Macron to appear at fast-track trial". The Guardian. Reuters. 10 June 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  46. ^ Décugis, Jean-Michel (9 June 2021). "Emmanuel Macron giflé: un exemplaire de Mein Kampf retrouvé chez le second suspect". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  47. ^ "Man who slapped Emmanuel Macron gets four-month jail sentence". The Guardian. Associated Press. 10 June 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  48. ^ "France's new economy minister suggests scrapping 35-hour working week rules". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  49. ^ "Emmanuel Macron annonce ses 8 mesures chocs dans "l'Obs"". L'Obs (in French). Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  50. ^ Pietralunga, Cédric (16 December 2016). "Macron, l'amorce d'un virage à gauche". Le Monde (in French). ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  51. ^ "French candidates divided on future of 35-hour work week – France 24". France 24. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  52. ^ "Assurance-chômage, fonctionnaires, impôts... les propositions d'Emmanuel Macron". Le Figaro (in French). 23 February 2017. ISSN 0182-5852. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  53. ^ a b Rose, Michel. "France's Macron unveils mix of tax cuts, spending cuts in economic plans". Reuters UK. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  54. ^ Cazenave, Fabien (20 October 2016). "Emmanuel Macron critique le véto wallon". Ouest France (in French). Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  55. ^ a b "Macron: "Les questions wallonnes sur le Ceta sont pertinentes, mais..."". Le Soir (in French). 19 October 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  56. ^ . Handelsblatt Global Edition. 10 January 2017. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  57. ^ Wintour, Patrick (2 May 2017). "What would Emmanuel Macron as France's leader mean for Europe?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  58. ^ "Interview d'Emmanuel Macron dans Le Monde: "Nous devons délivrer l'Europe de ce qu'elle est devenue"" (in French). En Marche. 20 June 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  59. ^ "France's Macron Says German Trade Surplus Harmful to EU Economy", Bloomberg, 16 April 2017.
  60. ^ "Macron Unveils $1.9 Billion Technology Push to Rival U.S., China". Bloomberg. 29 March 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  61. ^ a b "Emmanuel Macron loses lead in French election polls after remarks on colonial Algeria and gay marriage spark outrage". The Daily Telegraph. 18 February 2017. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  62. ^ Genin, Aaron (30 April 2019). "FRANCE RESETS AFRICAN RELATIONS: A POTENTIAL LESSON FOR PRESIDENT TRUMP". The California Review. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  63. ^ "French presidential hopeful Macron calls colonization a 'crime against humanity". France 24. 16 February 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
  64. ^ a b "'No repentance nor apologies' for colonial abuses in Algeria, says Macron". France 24. 20 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  65. ^ a b "Macron rules out official apology for colonial abuses in Algeria". Al Jazeera. 20 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  66. ^ a b "Macron Rules Out Apology For Colonial Abuses In Algeria". Barron's. 20 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  67. ^ a b Sophie Pedder (30 September 2017). "President Macron wants France to play a bigger part in Europe". The Economist.
  68. ^ . French American Foundation. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  69. ^ "France's presidential hopeful Macron pushes for Syria talks". Fox News. 24 January 2017.
  70. ^ Valens, Marco (7 April 2017). . The Issue. Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  71. ^ "Emmanuel Macron: "Faire de la destitution d'Assad un préalable à tout a été une erreur"". Le Monde (in French). 24 January 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  72. ^ "France's Macron condemns Gaza violence, to call Israeli PM Tuesday". Reuters. 14 May 2018.
  73. ^ Dalton, Matthew (10 March 2017). "LafargeHolcim Faces Warnings on Providing Cement for U.S. Border Wall". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  74. ^ République, Présidence de la. "Communiqué – Corée du Nord". elysee.fr (in French). Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  75. ^ "Macron, Trump agree to work together to defuse N. Korea threat – France 24". France 24. 12 August 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  76. ^ "Emmanuel Macron calls for peaceful outcome with North Korea". Politico. 13 August 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  77. ^ "French President labels attacks on Rohingya minority as 'genocide'". sbs.com.au. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  78. ^ "Civilians pay price as Turkey battles Syrian Kurds". Associated Press. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
  79. ^ "France's Macron defends Saudi arms sales, to hold Yemen conference". Reuters. 10 April 2018.
  80. ^ "French government faces legal pressure over arms sales to Saudi, UAE". Reuters. 6 May 2018.
  81. ^ "Will Macron Have Courage to End Arms Sales to Saudis?". Le Monde. 14 September 2017.
  82. ^ "Pressure mounts on Macron over arms sales to Saudi Arabia, UAE". Reuters. 22 March 2018.
  83. ^ "World reacts with praise, sadness to Liu Xiaobo's death". Inquirer News. 14 July 2017.
  84. ^ "Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict: Azerbaijan president vows to fight on". BBC News. 1 October 2020.
  85. ^ "Macron reprimands Turkey, accuses Erdogan of sending 'jihadists' to Azerbaijan". France 24. 2 October 2020.
  86. ^ a b Rubin, Alissa J. (19 April 2017). "Macron Wants to Change France. But Will Voters Elect an Unknown?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
  87. ^ "Emmanuel Macron se pose en europhile assumé" (in French). Euractiv.fr. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  88. ^ "François Bayrou réaffirme sa prééminence au centre". La Croix (in French). 22 September 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  89. ^ "Macron veut une Europe à deux vitesses". Le Journal du Dimanche (in French). 31 May 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  90. ^ "Macron l'EuropĂŠen prĂ'ne la ÂŤ transgression Âť". Les Échos (in French). France. 19 April 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  91. ^ "A Berlin, Macron veut " restaurer la confiance avec les Allemands en faisant des réformes sérieuses "". Le Monde (in French). 10 January 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  92. ^ Orange, Martine (12 June 2016). "Comment l'Europe a pesé sur la loi El Khomri". Mediapart (in French). Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  93. ^ a b Mathieu Magnaudeix (12 October 2016). "Macron, le réformateur orthodoxe". Mediapart (in French).
  94. ^ Asthana, Anushka (28 April 2017). "Emmanuel Macron: I'll renegotiate Le Touquet border treaty". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  95. ^ Bolongaro, Kait (1 May 2017). "Macron to EU: Reform or face Frexit". Politico. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
  96. ^ "Emmanuel Macron wants reforms for post-Brexit EU". Al Jazeera.
  97. ^ "France's Macron expresses full support to Spanish PM over Catalonia crisis". Reuters U.K. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  98. ^ "Emmanuel Macron: French would 'probably' vote to leave EU". Sky News. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
  99. ^ "France wants to change the rules on enlargement". New Europe. 19 November 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  100. ^ Mischke, Judith (4 July 2019). "'Very disappointed' Manfred Weber blames Macron and Orbán". Politico.
  101. ^ "Greece needs debt relief, France's Macron tells German newspaper". Reuters. 11 July 2017. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
  102. ^ "Grèce: Macron met en garde contre un " traité de Versailles de la zone euro "". Le Monde. 15 November 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  103. ^ a b "Grèce: Emmanuel Macron pessimiste sur l'accord". Le Figaro. 15 July 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  104. ^ "Varoufakis encense Macron". Le Figaro. 19 April 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  105. ^ "Gov't spokesman: we will not agree to Macron using Poland during campaign". Radio Poland. 28 April 2017.
  106. ^ "Macron's statement 'unacceptable', says Polish FM 1 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine". Radio Poland. 28 April 2017.
  107. ^ "Video: Macron slams RT, Sputnik news as 'lying propaganda' at Putin press conference". France 24. 30 May 2017.
  108. ^ Macron causes Polish outrage after claiming a Kaczynski and Le Pen alliance. Euronews. 2 May 2017.
  109. ^ "France's Macron urges EU to curb cheap east European workers". Reuters. 25 May 2017.
  110. ^ "Accueil des réfugiés: "Un devoir" pour Macron". Le Parisien (in French). 10 January 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  111. ^ "Macron: "L'arrivée de réfugiés est une opportunité économique"". Le Figaro. 7 September 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  112. ^ "Macron tightens migration stance: 'We can't host everyone'". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  113. ^ Mallet, Victor (6 November 2019). "France to 'take back control' of immigration policy". Financial Times. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  114. ^ "Italy's Matteo Salvini shuts ports to migrant rescue ship". BBC News. 11 June 2018.
  115. ^ "Italian foreign ministry summons French ambassador as tensions mount over port closures to refugee rescue boats". The Independent. 13 June 2018.
  116. ^ "Macron hits out at Italy after migrant boat is turned away". Financial Times. 12 June 2018.
  117. ^ Macron, Emmanuel (2016). Révolution. XO. p. 270. ISBN 978-2-84563-966-9.
  118. ^ Sophie Brunn, France Télévisions (4 October 2016). "Proportionnelle, cumul des mandats... Les pistes d'Emmanuel Macron pour améliorer "l'hygiène démocratique" en France". France Info. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  119. ^ Alerteinfo (27 January 2017). "Emmanuel Macron veut créer un "pass culture" de 500 euros pour les jeunes". 20 Minutes. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  120. ^ French election: Macron vows to tackle terrorism by taking on tech companies – BBC, 10 April 2017
  121. ^ "French President Emmanuel Macron says deeply regrets US President Donald Trump decision on troops in Syria". timesnownews.com. 23 December 2018.
  122. ^ Matamoros, Cristina Abellan (10 October 2019). "Macron: Turkey's offensive in Syria helping ISIS build caliphate". euronews.
  123. ^ Emmanuel Macron, "Construire une "alliance de Paris pour le climat"", Annales des Mines – Responsabilité et Environnement, vol. 2, no 78, 2015, p. 3
  124. ^ "Macron et son vibrant plaidoyer en faveur du diesel | Automobile". Le Point. 6 July 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  125. ^ ""Le nucléaire est un choix français et un choix d'avenir", assure Emmanuel Macron". L'Usine Nouvelle. 28 June 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  126. ^ "Nucléaire, éolien... les grandes annonces de Macron sur la transition écologique – France 24" (in French). France 24. 27 November 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  127. ^ Emmanuel Macron, " Avant-propos ", Annales des Mines – Responsabilité et Environnement, vol. 2, no 82, 2016, p. 3
  128. ^ "Affaire Fillon en direct: " Je ne serai jamais un plan B ", répète Juppé". Le Monde. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  129. ^ Henley, Jon (3 June 2017). "'Make our planet great again': Macron's response to Trump is praised". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
  130. ^ étrangères, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires. "Speech by M. Emmanuel Macron, President of the Republic: Summit on the Global Pact for the Environment (19.09.17)". France Diplomacy – Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  131. ^ "Where are we now?". Pacte Mondial pour l'Environnement. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  132. ^ Sudarshan Varadhan, France to commit 700 million euros to International Solar Alliance, Reuters (11 March 2018).
  133. ^ Jeremy B White, France to shut all coal-fired power stations by 2021, Macron declares, Independent (24 January 2018)
  134. ^ "French fuel protests leave 1 dead, dozens injured". CNN. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  135. ^ "Macron Blinks in Fuel-Tax Dispute With Yellow Vests". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  136. ^ Willsher, Kim (5 December 2018). "Macron scraps fuel tax rise in face of gilets jaunes protests". The Guardian.
  137. ^ "With 2,300-word letter, Macron launches debate to quell 'yellow vest' unrest". Reuters. 13 January 2019.
  138. ^ "France's Macron launches national debate to soothe ongoing 'yellow vest' protests". CNBC. 14 January 2019.
  139. ^ Thunberg, Greta (25 January 2019). "'Our house is on fire': Greta Thunberg, 16, urges leaders to act on climate". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077.
  140. ^ "Ireland, France set to block EU-Mercosur trade deal over Amazon". Al Jazeera. 23 August 2019.
  141. ^ "Incorporating ecocide into French law". The Ecologist. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
  142. ^ Siddique, Haroon; correspondent, Haroon Siddique Legal affairs (2021-06-22). "Legal experts worldwide draw up 'historic' definition of ecocide". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
  143. ^ "Environmental Labels, Greenwashing, and Ecocide". www.jonesday.com. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
  144. ^ "France drafts 'ecocide' bill to punish acts of environmental damage". France 24. 2021-04-17. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
  145. ^ Rose, Michel (18 October 2016). "Macron outlines vision of French Islam, drops more ambition hints". Reuters. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  146. ^ "Voile à l'université: Macron prend le contre-pied de Valls". Le Figaro (in French). 12 July 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  147. ^ a b (in French). Marianne.net. 1 October 2016. Archived from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  148. ^ "Les écoles juives condamnent les propos d'Emmanuel Macron dans Marianne". La Croix. 7 October 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  149. ^ "Macron says Islam 'in crisis', prompting backlash from Muslims". Al Jazeera. 2 October 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  150. ^ Salem, Mostafa; Bairin, Pierre; Liakos, Chris; Schmidt, Nadine; Dean, Sarah (27 October 2020). "Calls to boycott French products grow in Muslim world after Macron backs Mohammed cartoons". CNN. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  151. ^ "Macron says 'Islamist terrorism' rising in Europe, all states at risk". Reuters. 2023-10-17. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
  152. ^ "Macron balance sur notre système de santé " défaillant "". Le Parisien (in French). 1 October 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  153. ^ "On le voit dans les meetings, il est en train de se passer quelque chose autour de la candidature Macron". Slate (in French). Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  154. ^ "Lunettes, dentaire: la mesure Macron coûterait 4,4 milliards". Les Échos. France. 11 January 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  155. ^ a b c "Emmanuel Macron sur l'éducation: un air de déjà-vu". L'Obs (in French). Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  156. ^ Stromboni, Camille (1 September 2016). "Emmanuel Macron prône plus de liberté pour l'université". Le Monde (in French). ISSN 1950-6244. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  157. ^ "Les mesures chocs que Macron va annoncer, par Thierry Fabre". Challenges (in French). Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  158. ^ "La République en actes: discours du Président de la République sur le thème de la lutte contre les séparatismes" (in French). Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  159. ^ Simons, Marlise (17 July 1995). "Chirac Affirms France's Guilt in Fate of Jews". The New York Times.
  160. ^ McAuley, James (10 April 2017). "Marine Le Pen: France 'not responsible' for deporting Jews during Holocaust". The Washington Post.
  161. ^ Carrier, Peter (23 July 2018). Holocaust Monuments and National Memory Cultures in France and Germany Since 1989: The Origins and Political Function of the Vél' D'Hiv' in Paris and the Holocaust Monument in Berlin. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-84545-295-7. Retrieved 23 July 2018 – via Google Books.
  162. ^ "'France organised this': Macron denounces state role in Holocaust atrocity". The Guardian. London. 17 July 2017.
  163. ^ Goldman, Russell (17 July 2017). "Macron Denounces Anti-Zionism as 'Reinvented Form of Anti-Semitism'". The New York Times.
  164. ^ McAuley, James (16 July 2017). "Macron hosts Netanyahu, condemns anti-Zionism as anti-Semitism". The Washington Post.
  165. ^ "Israel PM mourns France's deported Jews". BBC. 16 July 2017.
  166. ^ "Emmanuel Macron says anti-Zionism is a new type of anti-Semitism". 17 July 2017.
  167. ^ Wildman, Sarah (18 July 2017). "The president of France just said bashing Israel is anti-Semitism by a different name". Vox.
  168. ^ "Macron calls on Israel to stop killing Gaza's women and babies". BBC News. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
  169. ^ Liptak, Kevin (12 November 2018). "Emmanuel Macron rebukes nationalism as Trump observes Armistice Day". CNN. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  170. ^ "The French president and the alt-right both get nationalism wrong". The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  171. ^ a b Corbet, Sylvie; Charlton, Angela (14 June 2020). "French leader rejects racism but colonial statues to remain". Associated Press. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  172. ^ Yves-Marie ROBIN (4 October 2020). "VIDÉO. Que retenir du deuxième référendum sur l'indépendance en Nouvelle-Calédonie ?" (in French). Ouest France.

January 01, 1970
political, positions, emmanuel, macron, emmanuel, macron, 25th, president, france, positions, himself, centrist, some, observers, describe, social, liberal, while, others, call, social, democrat, during, time, french, socialist, party, supported, party, centri. Emmanuel Macron the 25th president of France positions himself as a centrist 1 Some observers describe him as a social liberal 2 3 4 while others call him a social democrat 5 During his time in the French Socialist Party he supported the party s centrist wing 6 whose political stance has been associated with Third Way policies advanced by Bill Clinton Tony Blair and Gerhard Schroder and whose leading spokesman has been former prime minister Manuel Valls 7 8 9 10 Macron sitting far left and French President Francois Hollande at the G20 summit in Mexico 19 June 2012 Macron is accused by some members of the yellow vests of being an ultra liberal president for the rich 11 Macron was dubbed the president of the very rich by former Socialist French president Francois Hollande 12 In the past Macron has called himself a socialist 13 but he has labelled himself as a centrist liberal since August 2015 refusing observations by critics that he is an ultra liberal economically 14 During a visit to Vendee in August 2016 he said that he was not a socialist and merely served in a left wing government 15 He has called himself both a man of the left and liberal in his book Revolution 16 Macron has since been labelled an economic neoliberal with a socio cultural liberal viewpoint 17 Macron created the centrist political party En Marche in an attempt to create a party that could cross partisan lines 18 Speaking on why he formed En Marche he said there is a real divide in France between conservatives and progressives 19 His political platform during the 2017 French presidential election contained stances from both the left and right 20 which led to him being positioned as a radical centrist by Le Figaro 21 Macron has rejected centrist as a label 22 although political scientist Luc Rouban has compared his platform to former centrist president Valery Giscard d Estaing who is the only other French president to have been elected on a centrist platform 23 Macron has been compared to former president Valery Giscard d Estaing due to their ability to win a presidential election on a centrist platform and for their similar governing styles Both were inspectors of finance were given responsibilities based around tax and revenue both were very ambitious about running for the position of president showing their keenness early in their careers and both were seen as figures of renewal in French political life 24 25 26 27 28 29 In 2016 d Estaing said himself that he was a little like Macron 30 Observers have noted that while they are alike ideologically d Estaing had ministerial experience and time in Parliament to show for his political life while Macron had never been elected before 31 Contents 1 Economy 2 Foreign policy 2 1 European Union 2 2 Greece 2 2 1 Others 2 3 Immigration 2 4 Security and terrorism 3 Environment 4 Secularism 5 Islamic extremism 6 Healthcare 7 Education 8 On responsibility for the Holocaust 8 1 On anti Zionism and antisemitism 9 On nationalism 10 On George Floyd 11 New Caledonian independence 12 See also 13 ReferencesEconomy edit nbsp Macron addressing the World Economic Forum 2018 in Davos Switzerland Macron has advocated in favour of the free market and reducing the public finances deficit 32 He first publicly used the word liberal to describe himself in a 2015 interview with Le Monde He added that he is neither right nor left and that he advocates a collective solidarity 14 33 During a visit to the Puy du Fou in Vendee with Philippe de Villiers in August 2016 he stated Honesty compels me to say that I am not a socialist 34 Macron explained that he was part of the left government because he wanted to serve the public interest as any minister would 15 In his book Revolution published in November 2016 Macron presents himself as both a leftist and a liberal if by liberalism one means trust in man 35 With his party En Marche Macron s stated aim is to transcend the left right divide in a manner similar to that of Francois Bayrou or Jacques Chaban Delmas asserting that the real divide in our country is between progressives and conservatives With the launch of his independent candidacy and his use of anti establishment rhetoric Macron has been labelled a populist by some observers notably Valls but Macron has rejected this term 36 37 Macron is a supporter of the El Khomri law He became the most vocal proponent of the economic overhaul of the country 38 Macron has stated that he wants to go further than the El Khomri law in reforming the labour code 39 Macron is in favour of tax cuts During the 2017 presidential election Macron proposed cutting the corporate tax rate from 33 3 to 25 Macron also wanted to remove investment income from the wealth tax so that it is solely a tax on high value property 40 Macron also wanted to exempt 18 million households from local residence tax branding the tax as unfair during his 2017 presidential campaign 41 42 43 Macron is against raising taxes on the highest earners When asked about Francois Hollande s proposal to raise income tax on the upper class to 75 Macron compared the policy to the Cuban taxation system 44 Macron supports stopping tax avoidance 5 On 8 June 2021 Macron was slapped in the face during a visit to the town of Tain l Hermitage The attacker was identified as Damien Tarel who stated that he was associated with the yellow vest movement and the far right though he was also described as an ideological mush 45 46 Tarel was sentenced to four months of imprisonment plus a suspended sentence of fourteen months 47 nbsp Protest against President Macron and his economic policies in Paris on 5 May 2018 Macron has advocated for the end of the 35 hour work week 48 49 however his view has changed over time and he now seeks reforms that aim to preserve the 35 hour work week while increasing France s competitiveness 50 He has said that he wants to return flexibility to companies without ending the 35 hour work week 51 This would include companies renegotiating work hours and overtime payments with employees Macron has supported cutting the number of civil servants by 120 000 52 Macron also supports spending cuts saying he would cut 60 billion euros in public spending over a span of five years 53 He has supported the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement CETA between Canada and the European Union and criticized the Walloon government for trying to block it 54 He believes that CETA should not require the endorsement of national parliaments because it undermines the EU 55 Macron supports the idea of the Eurozone having a common budget 56 57 53 Regarding the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership TTIP Macron stated in June 2016 that the conditions to sign the treaty are not met adding that we mustn t close the door entirely and need a strong link with the US 58 In April 2017 Macron called for a rebalancing of Germany s trade surplus saying that Germany benefits from the imbalances within the Eurozone and achieves very high trade surpluses 59 In March 2018 Macron announced that the government would spend 1 5 billion euros 1 9 billion on artificial intelligence to boost innovation The money would be used to sponsor research projects and scientific laboratories as well as to finance startup companies whose focus is AI within the country 60 Foreign policy editSee also List of international presidential trips made by Emmanuel Macron nbsp The G7 leaders 26 May 2017 nbsp Macron with Chadian president Idriss Deby in N Djamena December 2018 nbsp Macron with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg 24 March 2022 In 2017 Macron described France s colonization of Algeria as a crime against humanity 61 62 He also said It s truly barbarous and it s part of a past that we need to confront by apologizing to those against whom we committed these acts 63 Polls following his remarks reflected a decrease in his support 61 In January 2021 Macron stated there would be no repentance nor apologies for the French colonization of Algeria colonial abuses or French involvement during the Algerian independence war 64 65 66 Instead efforts would be devoted toward reconciliation 64 65 66 Macron described the 2011 military intervention in Libya as a historic error 67 In 2012 Macron was a Young Leader with the French American Foundation 68 In January 2017 he said France needed a more balanced policy toward Syria including talks with Bashar al Assad 69 In April 2017 following the chemical attack in Khan Shaykhun Macron proposed a possible military intervention against the Assad regime preferably under United Nations auspices 70 He has warned if the Syrian regime uses chemical weapons during his presidency he will act unilaterally to punish it 67 He supports the continuation of President Hollande s policies on Israel opposes the BDS movement and has refused to state a position on recognition of the State of Palestine 71 In May 2018 Macron condemned the violence of Israeli armed forces against Palestinians in Gaza border protests 72 He criticized the Franco Swiss construction firm LafargeHolcim for competing to build the wall on the Mexico United States border promised by U S President Donald Trump 73 Macron has called for a peaceful solution during the 2017 North Korea crisis 74 though he agreed to work with US President Trump against North Korea 75 Macron and Trump apparently conducted a phone call on 12 August 2017 where they discussed confronting North Korea denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula and enforcing new sanctions 76 Macron condemned the persecution of Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar He described the situation as genocide and ethnic purification and alluded to the prospect of UN led intervention 77 In response to the Turkish invasion of northern Syria aimed at ousting U S backed Syrian Kurds from the enclave of Afrin Macron said that Turkey must respect Syria s sovereignty despite his condemnation of Bashar al Assad 78 Macron has voiced support for the Saudi Arabian led military campaign against Yemen s Shiite rebels 79 He also defended France s arms sales to the Saudi led coalition 80 Some rights groups have argued that France is violating national and international law by selling weapons to members of the Saudi led coalition fighting in Yemen 81 82 In response to the death of Chinese Nobel Peace Prize laureate Liu Xiaobo who died of organ failure while in government custody Macron praised Liu as a freedom fighter Macron also described as extremely fruitful and positive his first contacts with President Xi Jinping 83 Macron expressed concerns over Turkey s rash and dangerous statements regarding the 2020 Nagorno Karabakh war between the armed forces of Azerbaijan and Armenia further stating that he was extremely concerned by the warlike messages 84 He also said A red line has been crossed which is unacceptable I urge all NATO partners to face up to the behaviour of a NATO member 85 European Union edit nbsp In June 2019 representatives of EU and Mercosur announced they had reached an EU Mercosur Free Trade Agreement nbsp Macron with President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen in Paris 3 June 2022 An article in the New York Times described Emmanuel Macron as ardently pro Europe and stated that he has proudly embraced an unpopular European Union 86 Macron has been described by some as Europhile 21 87 and federalist 88 89 but he describes himself as neither pro European eurosceptic nor a federalist in the classical sense 90 and his party as the only pro European political force in France 91 In June 2015 Macron and his German counterpart Sigmar Gabriel published a platform advocating a continuation of European integration They advocated the continuation of structural reforms such as labor markets institutional reforms including the area of economic governance 92 He also advocated the creation of a post of EU Commissioner that would be responsible for the Eurozone and the Eurozone s Parliament and common budget 93 In addition Macron stated I m in favour of strengthening anti dumping measures which have to be faster and more powerful like those in the United States We also need to establish a monitoring of foreign investments in strategic sectors at the EU level in order to protect a vital industry and to ensure our sovereignty and the European superiority 14 Macron also stated that if elected he would seek to renegotiate the Treaty of Le Touquet with the United Kingdom which has caused a build up of economic migrants in Calais When Macron served as economy minister he had suggested the Treaty could be scrapped if the UK left the European Union 94 On 1 May 2017 Macron said the EU needed to reform or face Frexit 95 On 26 September he unveiled his proposals for the EU intending to deepen the bloc politically and harmonize its rules He argued for institutional changes initiatives to promote EU along with new ventures in the technology defence and energy sectors His proposals also included setting up a rapid reaction force working along with national armies while establishing a finance minister budget and parliament for the Eurozone He also called for a new tax on technology giants an EU wide asylum agency to deal with the refugee crisis and changes to the Common Agricultural Policy 96 Following the declaration of independence by Catalonia Macron joined the EU in supporting Spanish prime minister Mariano Rajoy 97 In a conversation with BBC s Andrew Marr Macron stated that theoretically if France should choose to withdraw from the EU it would do so through a national popular vote 98 In November 2019 Macron blocked EU accession talks with Albania and North Macedonia proposing changes to the EU Enlargement policy In an interview with The Economist Macron said that the EU was too reliant on NATO and the US and that it should initiate strategic dialogue with Russia 99 After the European elections in 2019 it was Macron in particular who prevented the leading candidate of the European People s Party Manfred Weber from becoming president of the European Commission Previously it had been a tradition that the top candidate of the largest party always took over this post Critics accused Macron of having by his actions ignored the democratic decision of the voters for political reasons sacrificing democratic principles for his own interests 100 Greece edit In July 2015 as economy minister Macron stated in an interview that any bailout package for Greece must also ease its burden by including reductions in the country s overall debt 101 In July 2015 while challenging the loaded question of the 2015 Greek referendum Macron called for resisting the automatic ejection of Greece from the Eurozone and avoiding the Versailles Treaty of the Eurozone in which case the No side would win He believed that the Greek and European leaders co produced the Greek government debt crisis 102 and that the agreement reached in summer 2015 between Greece and its creditors notably driven by Francois Hollande would not help Greece deal with its debt and at the same time criticized the International Monetary Fund 103 In June 2016 he criticized the austerity policies imposed on Greece as unsustainable and called for the joint establishment of fiscal and financial solidarity mechanisms and a mechanism for restructuring the debt of Eurozone member states 103 Yanis Varoufakis minister of finance in the First Cabinet of Alexis Tsipras praised Macron calling him the only French Minister in the Francois Hollande s administration that seemed to understand what was at stake in the Eurozone and who according to him tried to play the intermediary between us Greece and the troika of our creditors the EC IMF ECB even if they don t allow him to play the role 104 Others edit nbsp Macron with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the St Petersburg International Economic Forum on 24 May 2018 nbsp Macron with Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko in Paris 12 April 2019 nbsp Macron with U S President Joe Biden in Washington D C 1 December 2022 President Macron has supported NATO and its role in the security of eastern European states and also pressure on NATO partners like Poland to uphold what he called European values He said in April 2017 that in the three months after I m elected there will be a decision on Poland You cannot have a European Union which argues over every single decimal place on the issue of budgets with each country and which when you have an EU member which acts like Poland or Hungary on issues linked to universities and learning or refugees or fundamental values decides to do nothing 105 Polish Foreign Minister Witold Waszczykowski said in response that Macron violated European standards and the principles of friendship with Poland 106 During a press conference with Vladimir Putin at the Palace of Versailles in May 2017 he condemned the Russian state media as lying propaganda 107 The same month he said we all know who Le Pen s allies are The regimes of Orban Kaczynski Putin These aren t the regimes with an open and free democracy Every day they break many democratic freedoms 108 Macron has said that the European Commission needs to do more to stop the influx of low paid temporary workers from Central and Eastern Europe into France 109 Immigration edit Macron supported the open door policy toward migrants from the Middle East and Africa pursued by Angela Merkel in Germany during the 2017 election campaign and promoted tolerance towards immigrants and Muslims 110 86 Macron expressed confidence in France s ability to absorb more immigrants and welcomed their arrival into Europe asserting that the influx will have a positive economic impact 111 However he later stated that France could not hold everyone and cited migration as a major concern of voters New migration measures were introduced which toughened controls on asylum and fixed quotas for foreign workers 112 113 However he believes that Frontex the European Border and Coast Guard Agency is not a sufficiently ambitious program and has called for more investment in coast and border guards because anyone who enters Europe at Lampedusa or elsewhere is a concern for all European countries 55 In June 2018 the Aquarius NGO ship carrying 629 migrants rescued near Libya was denied entry to Sicilian ports by Italy s new interior minister Matteo Salvini 114 Italian PM Giuseppe Conte accused France of hypocrisy after Macron said Italy was acting irresponsibly by refusing entry to migrants and suggested it had violated international maritime law 115 Italy s deputy PM Luigi Di Maio said I am happy the French have discovered responsibility they should open their ports and we will send a few people to France 116 Security and terrorism edit Macron believed that the proposed reform bill on deprivation of citizenship for French born and naturalized citizens convicted on terrorism charges was not a concrete solution and believed that the endless prolongation of the state of emergency raises legitimate questions He advocated an increase in state funding of intelligence agencies 117 Macron called for a restoration of community policing and considered that the management of some major risks must be delegated to the associations or the private sector 118 He considered that his proposal to provide each young adult a Culture Pass of 500 might encourage young people to discover the culture of France and deter terrorism 119 Macron has endorsed proposals to make it mandatory for Internet companies to allow the government to access encrypted communications from customers 120 Macron expressed deep regret at US President Trump s decision to withdraw U S armed forces from Syria 121 In October 2019 Macron warned that Turkey would be responsible for helping the Islamic State to re establish a Caliphate in Syria as he called on Turkey to stop its military offensive against Kurdish forces in the north of Syria 122 Environment edit nbsp Macron with U S Secretary of State John Kerry former U S Vice President Al Gore Ambassador Jane Hartley and actor Robert Redford at the U S Ambassador s residence in Paris 7 December 2015 amid the COP21 Climate Summit Ahead of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference Macron called for acceleration of the ecological transition and advocated a balance between ecological imperatives and economic requirements an objective that the French government sought to achieve by fighting on five fronts innovation simplification strengthening of our energy efficiency and reduction of fossil fuel usage energy competitiveness and action in Europe and worldwide 123 During the summer of 2016 in the aftermath of the Volkswagen emissions scandal Macron then Minister of the Economy defended the use of diesel fuel which he said was at the heart of the French industrial policy His position was criticized by several Socialists including Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo 124 Macron also promoted using nuclear energy which he considered a French choice and a choice for the future 125 Nevertheless in 2018 he committed to a policy of reducing the use of nuclear energy to 50 of the energy sources in France by 2035 126 In 2016 Macron proposed that France secures its supplies in the most strategic materials using three levers the circular economy and the recovery of materials contained in the end of life of the products the diversification of supplies to overcome geopolitical risks and to bring more competitiveness the creation of new reasonably sized mines in France while following the best social and environmental standards 127 Although he was sceptical about the construction of the Aeroport du Grand Ouest Macron stated he believed the construction should start since the people backed the project in the 2016 local referendum However after Macron s inauguration Prime Minister Philippe said that plans for construction would be abandoned 128 He criticized Donald Trump for pulling the United States out of the Paris climate accord on 2 June 2017 and called for scientists to come to France to work together on climate change 129 On 19 September 2017 he launched a summit on the margins of the 72nd United Nations General Assembly to call for the adoption of a Global Pact for the Environment 130 131 In 2018 Macron announced that France would commit 700 million to the International Solar Alliance a treaty based alliance to expand solar power infrastructure 132 The same year Macron announced that France would phase out coal power with the target of shutting down all coal fired power stations which make up about 1 of French energy generation by 2021 133 nbsp Macron Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro and Saudi crown prince Mohammad bin Salman at the 2019 G20 Osaka summit In 2018 he pursued a petrol tax albeit the tax stems from an earlier policy under his predecessor Francois Hollande 134 A burgeoning grassroots movement the Gilets jaunes protests developed throughout France in November and December extending even to the overseas territory of Reunion On 4 December Prime minister Edouard Philippe announced that the tax increase would be pushed back six months 135 The following day however Macron scrapped the fuel tax increase altogether 136 On 13 January 2019 he penned a 2 300 word letter 137 addressing the nation in response to nine consecutive weeks of protests by the Gilets jaunes movement calling for three months of national debate to address grievances 138 Macron called the 2019 Brazil wildfires an international crisis as the Amazon rainforest produces 20 of the world s oxygen 139 Macron stated he will refuse to ratify the EU Mercosur Free Trade Agreement unless Brazil commits to protecting the environment 140 Macron publicly supports ecocide being made a crime at the International Criminal Court 141 142 In 2021 the French government passed the Climate and Resilience Law making the most serious cases of environmental damage at national level a crime 143 144 Secularism editMacron supports the principle of secularism laicite He also said that we have a duty to let everybody practice their religion with dignity 145 In July 2016 at the first meeting of En Marche Macron expressed opposition to banning Muslim headscarves in universities stating Personally I do not believe we should be inventing new texts new laws new standards in order to hunt down veils at universities and go after people who wear religious symbols during field trips 146 In an interview with the French news magazine Marianne Macron asserted that secularism is not designed to promote a republican religion and responded to comments by Valls and Jean Pierre Chevenement regarding the practice of Islam in French society by condemning the notion that citizens should be discreet in their religious practice stating that historical precedents when we asked for discretion in matters of religion did not bring honor to the Republic 147 In the same interview Macron said of French Muslims I ask one thing absolutely respect the rules while in public Religious relationships are about transcendence and I am not asking people to be moderate that s not what I m arguing My own deep conviction is that a practising Catholic may believe that the laws of his religion go far beyond the laws of the Republic I simply believe that when one enters the public realm the laws of the Republic must prevail over religious law He also condemned religious schools that teach hatred towards the Republic with instruction mainly in Arabic or in other instances which teach the Torah more than basic fundamentals 147 This statement triggered an intense negative reaction from the Fonds Social Juif Unifie FSJU an organization that runs Jewish religious schools in France 148 On 2 October 2020 he unveiled a plan to defend France s secular values against what he termed as Islamist radicalism saying the religion was in crisis all over the world prompting a backlash from Muslim activists He announced that the government would present a bill in December to strengthen a 1905 law that officially separated church and state in France 149 Macron faced further backlash when after the murder of Samuel Paty he defended the caricatures of Muhammad by Charlie Hebdo Many Muslims called for French products to be boycotted in their countries while European leaders supported his remarks 150 Islamic extremism editOn 17 October 2023 after the Arras school stabbing and the Brussels shooting carried out by Islamists in France and Belgium respectively Macron stated that Europe is seeing a rise of Islamist terrorism and all states are threatened 151 Healthcare editIn 2016 Macron supported stopping what he calls the compartmentalisation of healthcare by allowing private practitioners into public hospitals 93 Macron also supported investing money in medical science to develop new technology and find better ways to treat patients 152 In 2017 Macron advocated for national health insurance covering optical hearing and dental care 153 According to Les Echos extending national health insurance coverage to optics hearing and dental care would cost 4 4 billion a year 154 Education editMacron supported giving more autonomy to schools and universities 155 156 Macron wanted to create a programme to make schools pay experienced teachers higher salaries and give them more educational freedom 155 Macron wanted to combat the issue of income inequality in schools by attempting to improve working class schools and providing incentives to better off children to persuade them to attend working class schools 155 Macron wanted to make vocational education a priority He has referred to Germany s system as one that his government would follow when putting forward measures relating to vocational education 157 On 2 October 2020 Macron announced his intention to ban homeschooling with medical exceptions by 2021 in order to address separatist Islamic indoctrination which he saw as conflicting with the secular values of the French Republic 158 nbsp Macron with Queen Elizabeth II Donald Trump Theresa May Angela Merkel and other world leaders mark the 75th anniversary of D Day in June 2019On responsibility for the Holocaust editIn July 2017 while at a ceremony at the site of the Velodrome d Hiver where 13 000 Jews had been rounded up for deportation to death camps in July 1942 Macron denounced his country s role in the Holocaust and the historical revisionism that denied France s responsibility for the 1942 Vel d Hiv Roundup and the eventual deportation of 76 000 Jews Earlier that year Marine Le Pen leader of the National Front had stated in speeches that the government during WWII was not France 159 160 It was indeed France that organised this roundup Macron said French police collaborating with the Nazis Not a single German took part he added Previous president Jacques Chirac had already stated that the government during the war represented the French state 161 Macron further stated It is convenient to see the Vichy regime as born of nothingness returned to nothingness Yes it s convenient but it is false We cannot build pride upon a lie 162 163 Macron made a subtle reference to Chirac s 1995 apology when he added I say it again here It was indeed France that organized the roundup the deportation and thus for almost all death 164 165 On anti Zionism and antisemitism edit In a 2017 speech condemning the historical collaboration of France with the Nazis Macron also termed anti Zionism as a new form of antisemitism While addressing Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu Macron stated that we will never surrender to the messages of hate we will not surrender to anti Zionism because it is a reinvention of anti Semitism 166 He also drew parallels between antisemitism in the past and present He stated You only need to stop for a moment adding to see behind the new facade the racism of old the entrenched vein of anti Semitism 167 On 11th November 2023 Macron expressed support for a ceasefire in Gaza following a period of armed conflict in the region Despite recognising a right for Israel to defend itself and condemning the preceding attacks on Israel by Hamas he said that there was no justification for the bombing of Gaza by Israeli forces arguing that the bombardments de facto targeted civilians especially women and children Macron went on to express his wishes for other world leaders to join his calls for a ceasefire 168 On nationalism editDuring a ceremony commemorating the Armistice Day centenary in November 2018 he referred to nationalism as the exact opposite of patriotism and a betrayal of it characterizing nationalism as who cares about others 169 This prompted criticism that his definition was wrong 170 On George Floyd editIn response to the 2020 George Floyd protests Macron stated that he opposed racism and acknowledged systemic discrimination existed toward some people in France 171 He said that unlike other countries controversial statues of French people from the colonial period would not be removed 171 New Caledonian independence editMacron expressed gratitude for the result of the 2020 New Caledonian independence referendum thanking New Caledonians for their vote of confidence in the Republic He also acknowledged those who had backed independence of the French Pacific territory of New Caledonia calling for dialogue between all sides to map out the future of the region 172 See also editPresidency of Emmanuel Macron Foreign policy of Emmanuel MacronReferences edit France s Macron Joins Presidential Race to Unblock France BBC UK 16 November 2016 Retrieved 26 April 2017 V V 26 August 2014 Macron l anti Montebourg Le Journal de Dimanche in French Retrieved 2 August 2017 Emmanuel Macron un banquier social liberal a Bercy Le Parisien in French 26 August 2014 Retrieved 26 July 2023 Gael Brustier Macron ou la revolution passive des elites francaises Slate in French Retrieved 26 July 2023 a b Odile Benyahia Kouider 28 December 2012 Ils ont marque 2012 Emmanuel Macron l enfant prodige de l Elysee Le Nouvel Observateur in French Retrieved 1 February 2017 Gauche droite centre qui peut s allier a Macron Bfmtv com Retrieved 1 February 2017 C est la confiance des entreprises que Manuel Valls doit vraiment obtenir Slate 17 September 2014 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Manuel Valls c est le blairisme mais plus a droite encore Le Nouvel Observateur 29 August 2014 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Perrineau Pascal 2016 Les droites en France a l horizon de 2017 Le Debat 191 4 191 113 20 doi 10 3917 deba 191 0113 Valls and Macron have much in common apart from their poll ratings Financial Times 12 January 2016 Retrieved 8 February 2017 Lichfield John 5 February 2019 Call Emmanuel Macron any name you like but not liberal Politico Retrieved 7 February 2019 Arthur Berdah 26 April 2018 Pour Hollande Macron est le president des tres riches in French Archived from the original on 31 October 2018 Retrieved 20 January 2019 France Inter 24 January 2017 Moi je suis socialiste Emmanuel Macron en 2014 Le 07h43 YouTube Retrieved 6 August 2017 a b c Fournier Audrey 27 September 2015 Emmanuel Macron Le liberalisme est une valeur de la gauche Le Monde in French ISSN 1950 6244 Retrieved 6 August 2017 a b Macron L honnetete m oblige a vous dire que je ne suis pas socialiste BFMTV 22 August 2016 Les premiers extraits du livre de Macron devoiles Le Huffington Post 23 November 2016 Retrieved 6 August 2017 Doucet David 26 April 2017 Le Parti socialiste et les Republicains risquent d imploser Les Inrocks Retrieved 6 August 2017 Depasser le clivage gauche droite comme le veut Macron une idee payante Le Monde in French 8 April 2016 ISSN 1950 6244 Retrieved 6 August 2017 Macron La gauche aujourd hui ne me satisfait pas Le Monde in French 23 April 2016 ISSN 1950 6244 Retrieved 6 August 2017 Senecat Adrien 10 November 2016 Macron candidat a la presidentielle des propositions melangeant gauche droite neuf et vieux Le Monde in French ISSN 1950 6244 Retrieved 6 August 2017 a b Feertchak Alexis 8 March 2017 L offre politique d Emmanuel Macron au defi des classes populaires Le Figaro in French ISSN 0182 5852 Retrieved 6 August 2017 Mediapart Fr 2 November 2016 Macron le Gaulois YouTube Retrieved 6 August 2017 Macron est politiquement coince Le Parisien in French 23 April 2016 Retrieved 6 August 2017 Luc Rouban Macron renoue avec la tradition des inspecteurs des Finances a sensibilite sociale L Opinion in French 17 March 2016 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Emmanuel Macron un Giscard de gauche Liberation in French Retrieved 12 August 2017 Macron ce Giscard de gauche que la France attend Challenges in French Retrieved 12 August 2017 Histoires d info Emmanuel Macron dans les pas de Valery Giscard d Estaing Franceinfo in French 1 September 2016 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Lebaron Frederic 23 August 2016 2 La croyance economique dans le champ politique francais Regards Croises Sur l Economie in French 18 18 32 44 doi 10 3917 rce 018 0032 ISSN 1956 7413 Emmanuel Macron le lanceur d alerte Marianne in French 1 September 2016 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Le conseil de Giscard d Estaing a Macron gagner de l experience France Soir in French 6 July 2016 Retrieved 12 August 2017 Operation Elysee 17 November 2016 Emmanuel Macron peut il creer la surprise pour la presidentielle 2017 YouTube Retrieved 12 August 2017 Avec Macron l Elysee decroche le poupon Liberation 17 September 2012 Archived from the original on 7 October 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Emmanuel Macron l homme qui excelle pour ne pas repondre aux questions in French Marianne net 4 September 2016 Archived from the original on 15 November 2018 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Je ne suis pas socialiste la declaration de Macron au Puy du Fou agace la gauche Le Monde 20 August 2016 Retrieved 8 May 2017 Toussay Jade 23 November 2016 Les premiers extraits de Revolution le livre d Emmanuel Macron devoiles HuffPost in French Archived from the original on 18 February 2017 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Boudet Alexandre 13 July 2016 Dans son meeting Macron se presente comme antisysteme ses adversaires rient jaune HuffPost in French Archived from the original on 27 February 2017 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Reaux Amandine 13 July 2016 Le gouvernement denonce le populisme d Emmanuel Macron dans sa critique du systeme Le Lab in French Europe 1 Archived from the original on 21 December 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Walt Vivienne Emmanuel Macron Has Big Plans for France Is It Ready for Them Time 5 July 2016 Emmanuel Macron Il faut aller plus loin que la loi El Khomri Les Echos France 23 May 2016 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Macron Sets Out Tax Policies For France tax news com Archived from the original on 5 August 2020 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Macron s planned tax reforms and you The Connexion France Retrieved 22 July 2017 Taxe d habitation Macron avait bien promis son exoneration en debut de quinquennat Le Huffington Post 7 July 2017 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Comment Macron compte supprimer la taxe d habitation pour 80 des Francais in French Retrieved 22 July 2017 Visot Marie 26 August 2014 Emmanuel Macron l anti Montebourg Le Figaro in French ISSN 0182 5852 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Man who slapped Emmanuel Macron to appear at fast track trial The Guardian Reuters 10 June 2021 Retrieved 10 June 2021 Decugis Jean Michel 9 June 2021 Emmanuel Macron gifle un exemplaire de Mein Kampf retrouve chez le second suspect Le Parisien in French Retrieved 10 June 2021 Man who slapped Emmanuel Macron gets four month jail sentence The Guardian Associated Press 10 June 2021 Retrieved 10 June 2021 France s new economy minister suggests scrapping 35 hour working week rules The Daily Telegraph Archived from the original on 10 January 2022 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Emmanuel Macron annonce ses 8 mesures chocs dans l Obs L Obs in French Retrieved 22 July 2017 Pietralunga Cedric 16 December 2016 Macron l amorce d un virage a gauche Le Monde in French ISSN 1950 6244 Retrieved 22 July 2017 French candidates divided on future of 35 hour work week France 24 France 24 13 April 2017 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Assurance chomage fonctionnaires impots les propositions d Emmanuel Macron Le Figaro in French 23 February 2017 ISSN 0182 5852 Retrieved 22 July 2017 a b Rose Michel France s Macron unveils mix of tax cuts spending cuts in economic plans Reuters UK Retrieved 22 July 2017 Cazenave Fabien 20 October 2016 Emmanuel Macron critique le veto wallon Ouest France in French Retrieved 25 April 2017 a b Macron Les questions wallonnes sur le Ceta sont pertinentes mais Le Soir in French 19 October 2016 Retrieved 23 February 2017 French Candidate Macron Urges Euro Zone Budget Common Debt During Berlin Visit Handelsblatt Global Edition 10 January 2017 Archived from the original on 3 August 2017 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Wintour Patrick 2 May 2017 What would Emmanuel Macron as France s leader mean for Europe The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Interview d Emmanuel Macron dans Le Monde Nous devons delivrer l Europe de ce qu elle est devenue in French En Marche 20 June 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 France s Macron Says German Trade Surplus Harmful to EU Economy Bloomberg 16 April 2017 Macron Unveils 1 9 Billion Technology Push to Rival U S China Bloomberg 29 March 2018 Retrieved 2 April 2018 a b Emmanuel Macron loses lead in French election polls after remarks on colonial Algeria and gay marriage spark outrage The Daily Telegraph 18 February 2017 Archived from the original on 10 January 2022 Retrieved 25 April 2017 Genin Aaron 30 April 2019 FRANCE RESETS AFRICAN RELATIONS A POTENTIAL LESSON FOR PRESIDENT TRUMP The California Review Retrieved 1 May 2019 French presidential hopeful Macron calls colonization a crime against humanity France 24 16 February 2017 Retrieved 26 April 2017 a b No repentance nor apologies for colonial abuses in Algeria says Macron France 24 20 January 2021 Retrieved 30 January 2021 a b Macron rules out official apology for colonial abuses in Algeria Al Jazeera 20 January 2021 Retrieved 30 January 2021 a b Macron Rules Out Apology For Colonial Abuses In Algeria Barron s 20 January 2021 Retrieved 30 January 2021 a b Sophie Pedder 30 September 2017 President Macron wants France to play a bigger part in Europe The Economist EARLIER CLASSES French American Foundation Archived from the original on 2 July 2017 Retrieved 7 May 2017 France s presidential hopeful Macron pushes for Syria talks Fox News 24 January 2017 Valens Marco 7 April 2017 Le Pen Shocked By Trump s Decision to Hit Syria Macron Urges Military Intervention The Issue Archived from the original on 19 April 2017 Retrieved 25 April 2017 Emmanuel Macron Faire de la destitution d Assad un prealable a tout a ete une erreur Le Monde in French 24 January 2017 Retrieved 1 February 2017 France s Macron condemns Gaza violence to call Israeli PM Tuesday Reuters 14 May 2018 Dalton Matthew 10 March 2017 LafargeHolcim Faces Warnings on Providing Cement for U S Border Wall The Wall Street Journal Retrieved 4 May 2017 Republique Presidence de la Communique Coree du Nord elysee fr in French Retrieved 13 August 2017 Macron Trump agree to work together to defuse N Korea threat France 24 France 24 12 August 2017 Retrieved 13 August 2017 Emmanuel Macron calls for peaceful outcome with North Korea Politico 13 August 2017 Retrieved 13 August 2017 French President labels attacks on Rohingya minority as genocide sbs com au Retrieved 5 October 2017 Civilians pay price as Turkey battles Syrian Kurds Associated Press Retrieved 1 February 2018 France s Macron defends Saudi arms sales to hold Yemen conference Reuters 10 April 2018 French government faces legal pressure over arms sales to Saudi UAE Reuters 6 May 2018 Will Macron Have Courage to End Arms Sales to Saudis Le Monde 14 September 2017 Pressure mounts on Macron over arms sales to Saudi Arabia UAE Reuters 22 March 2018 World reacts with praise sadness to Liu Xiaobo s death Inquirer News 14 July 2017 Armenia Azerbaijan conflict Azerbaijan president vows to fight on BBC News 1 October 2020 Macron reprimands Turkey accuses Erdogan of sending jihadists to Azerbaijan France 24 2 October 2020 a b Rubin Alissa J 19 April 2017 Macron Wants to Change France But Will Voters Elect an Unknown The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 24 April 2017 Emmanuel Macron se pose en europhile assume in French Euractiv fr 13 July 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Francois Bayrou reaffirme sa preeminence au centre La Croix in French 22 September 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Macron veut une Europe a deux vitesses Le Journal du Dimanche in French 31 May 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Macron l EuropĂSen prĂ ne la AT transgression At Les Echos in French France 19 April 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 A Berlin Macron veut restaurer la confiance avec les Allemands en faisant des reformes serieuses Le Monde in French 10 January 2017 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Orange Martine 12 June 2016 Comment l Europe a pese sur la loi El Khomri Mediapart in French Retrieved 26 July 2023 a b Mathieu Magnaudeix 12 October 2016 Macron le reformateur orthodoxe Mediapart in French Asthana Anushka 28 April 2017 Emmanuel Macron I ll renegotiate Le Touquet border treaty The Guardian Retrieved 7 May 2017 Bolongaro Kait 1 May 2017 Macron to EU Reform or face Frexit Politico Retrieved 21 October 2017 Emmanuel Macron wants reforms for post Brexit EU Al Jazeera France s Macron expresses full support to Spanish PM over Catalonia crisis Reuters U K Retrieved 27 October 2017 Emmanuel Macron French would probably vote to leave EU Sky News Retrieved 11 February 2018 France wants to change the rules on enlargement New Europe 19 November 2019 Retrieved 19 November 2019 Mischke Judith 4 July 2019 Very disappointed Manfred Weber blames Macron and Orban Politico Greece needs debt relief France s Macron tells German newspaper Reuters 11 July 2017 Retrieved 24 April 2017 Grece Macron met en garde contre un traite de Versailles de la zone euro Le Monde 15 November 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 a b Grece Emmanuel Macron pessimiste sur l accord Le Figaro 15 July 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Varoufakis encense Macron Le Figaro 19 April 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Gov t spokesman we will not agree to Macron using Poland during campaign Radio Poland 28 April 2017 Macron s statement unacceptable says Polish FM Archived 1 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine Radio Poland 28 April 2017 Video Macron slams RT Sputnik news as lying propaganda at Putin press conference France 24 30 May 2017 Macron causes Polish outrage after claiming a Kaczynski and Le Pen alliance Euronews 2 May 2017 France s Macron urges EU to curb cheap east European workers Reuters 25 May 2017 Accueil des refugies Un devoir pour Macron Le Parisien in French 10 January 2017 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Macron L arrivee de refugies est une opportunite economique Le Figaro 7 September 2015 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Macron tightens migration stance We can t host everyone Al Jazeera Retrieved 10 June 2020 Mallet Victor 6 November 2019 France to take back control of immigration policy Financial Times Retrieved 10 June 2020 Italy s Matteo Salvini shuts ports to migrant rescue ship BBC News 11 June 2018 Italian foreign ministry summons French ambassador as tensions mount over port closures to refugee rescue boats The Independent 13 June 2018 Macron hits out at Italy after migrant boat is turned away Financial Times 12 June 2018 Macron Emmanuel 2016 Revolution XO p 270 ISBN 978 2 84563 966 9 Sophie Brunn France Televisions 4 October 2016 Proportionnelle cumul des mandats Les pistes d Emmanuel Macron pour ameliorer l hygiene democratique en France France Info Retrieved 5 February 2017 Alerteinfo 27 January 2017 Emmanuel Macron veut creer un pass culture de 500 euros pour les jeunes 20 Minutes Retrieved 5 February 2017 French election Macron vows to tackle terrorism by taking on tech companies BBC 10 April 2017 French President Emmanuel Macron says deeply regrets US President Donald Trump decision on troops in Syria timesnownews com 23 December 2018 Matamoros Cristina Abellan 10 October 2019 Macron Turkey s offensive in Syria helping ISIS build caliphate euronews Emmanuel Macron Construire une alliance de Paris pour le climat Annales des Mines Responsabilite et Environnement vol 2 no 78 2015 p 3 Macron et son vibrant plaidoyer en faveur du diesel Automobile Le Point 6 July 2016 Retrieved 5 February 2017 Le nucleaire est un choix francais et un choix d avenir assure Emmanuel Macron L Usine Nouvelle 28 June 2016 Retrieved 5 February 2017 Nucleaire eolien les grandes annonces de Macron sur la transition ecologique France 24 in French France 24 27 November 2018 Retrieved 4 December 2018 Emmanuel Macron Avant propos Annales des Mines Responsabilite et Environnement vol 2 no 82 2016 p 3 Affaire Fillon en direct Je ne serai jamais un plan B repete Juppe Le Monde Retrieved 5 February 2017 Henley Jon 3 June 2017 Make our planet great again Macron s response to Trump is praised The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 4 June 2017 etrangeres Ministere de l Europe et des Affaires Speech by M Emmanuel Macron President of the Republic Summit on the Global Pact for the Environment 19 09 17 France Diplomacy Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs Retrieved 25 September 2020 Where are we now Pacte Mondial pour l Environnement Retrieved 25 September 2020 Sudarshan Varadhan France to commit 700 million euros to International Solar Alliance Reuters 11 March 2018 Jeremy B White France to shut all coal fired power stations by 2021 Macron declares Independent 24 January 2018 French fuel protests leave 1 dead dozens injured CNN Retrieved 20 November 2018 Macron Blinks in Fuel Tax Dispute With Yellow Vests The Wall Street Journal Retrieved 4 December 2018 Willsher Kim 5 December 2018 Macron scraps fuel tax rise in face of gilets jaunes protests The Guardian With 2 300 word letter Macron launches debate to quell yellow vest unrest Reuters 13 January 2019 France s Macron launches national debate to soothe ongoing yellow vest protests CNBC 14 January 2019 Thunberg Greta 25 January 2019 Our house is on fire Greta Thunberg 16 urges leaders to act on climate The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Ireland France set to block EU Mercosur trade deal over Amazon Al Jazeera 23 August 2019 Incorporating ecocide into French law The Ecologist Retrieved 2023 06 28 Siddique Haroon correspondent Haroon Siddique Legal affairs 2021 06 22 Legal experts worldwide draw up historic definition of ecocide The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2023 06 28 Environmental Labels Greenwashing and Ecocide www jonesday com Retrieved 2023 06 28 France drafts ecocide bill to punish acts of environmental damage France 24 2021 04 17 Retrieved 2023 06 28 Rose Michel 18 October 2016 Macron outlines vision of French Islam drops more ambition hints Reuters Retrieved 25 April 2017 Voile a l universite Macron prend le contre pied de Valls Le Figaro in French 12 July 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 a b Emmanuel Macron La Republique est ce lieu magique qui permet a des gens de vivre dans l intensite de leur religion in French Marianne net 1 October 2016 Archived from the original on 29 January 2017 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Les ecoles juives condamnent les propos d Emmanuel Macron dans Marianne La Croix 7 October 2016 Retrieved 1 February 2017 Macron says Islam in crisis prompting backlash from Muslims Al Jazeera 2 October 2020 Retrieved 10 February 2021 Salem Mostafa Bairin Pierre Liakos Chris Schmidt Nadine Dean Sarah 27 October 2020 Calls to boycott French products grow in Muslim world after Macron backs Mohammed cartoons CNN Retrieved 10 February 2021 Macron says Islamist terrorism rising in Europe all states at risk Reuters 2023 10 17 Retrieved 2024 05 09 Macron balance sur notre systeme de sante defaillant Le Parisien in French 1 October 2016 Retrieved 22 July 2017 On le voit dans les meetings il est en train de se passer quelque chose autour de la candidature Macron Slate in French Retrieved 22 July 2017 Lunettes dentaire la mesure Macron couterait 4 4 milliards Les Echos France 11 January 2017 Retrieved 22 July 2017 a b c Emmanuel Macron sur l education un air de deja vu L Obs in French Retrieved 22 July 2017 Stromboni Camille 1 September 2016 Emmanuel Macron prone plus de liberte pour l universite Le Monde in French ISSN 1950 6244 Retrieved 22 July 2017 Les mesures chocs que Macron va annoncer par Thierry Fabre Challenges in French Retrieved 22 July 2017 La Republique en actes discours du President de la Republique sur le theme de la lutte contre les separatismes in French Retrieved 11 October 2020 Simons Marlise 17 July 1995 Chirac Affirms France s Guilt in Fate of Jews The New York Times McAuley James 10 April 2017 Marine Le Pen France not responsible for deporting Jews during Holocaust The Washington Post Carrier Peter 23 July 2018 Holocaust Monuments and National Memory Cultures in France and Germany Since 1989 The Origins and Political Function of the Vel D Hiv in Paris and the Holocaust Monument in Berlin Berghahn Books ISBN 978 1 84545 295 7 Retrieved 23 July 2018 via Google Books France organised this Macron denounces state role in Holocaust atrocity The Guardian London 17 July 2017 Goldman Russell 17 July 2017 Macron Denounces Anti Zionism as Reinvented Form of Anti Semitism The New York Times McAuley James 16 July 2017 Macron hosts Netanyahu condemns anti Zionism as anti Semitism The Washington Post Israel PM mourns France s deported Jews BBC 16 July 2017 Emmanuel Macron says anti Zionism is a new type of anti Semitism 17 July 2017 Wildman Sarah 18 July 2017 The president of France just said bashing Israel is anti Semitism by a different name Vox Macron calls on Israel to stop killing Gaza s women and babies BBC News 2023 11 10 Retrieved 2023 11 11 Liptak Kevin 12 November 2018 Emmanuel Macron rebukes nationalism as Trump observes Armistice Day CNN Retrieved 4 December 2018 The French president and the alt right both get nationalism wrong The Washington Post Retrieved 4 December 2018 a b Corbet Sylvie Charlton Angela 14 June 2020 French leader rejects racism but colonial statues to remain Associated Press Retrieved 30 January 2021 Yves Marie ROBIN 4 October 2020 VIDEO Que retenir du deuxieme referendum sur l independance en Nouvelle Caledonie in French Ouest France Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Political positions of Emmanuel Macron amp oldid 1223006068, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.