Plateau State
Plateau State is the twelfth-largest Nigerian state. It’s located near the centre of Nigeria and includes a range of hills surrounding the Jos Plateau,[5] its capital, and the entire plateau itself.
Plateau | |
|---|---|
Plateau State logo | |
| Nicknames: | |
Location of Plateau State in Nigeria | |
| Coordinates: 9°10′N 9°45′E / 9.167°N 9.750°ECoordinates: 9°10′N 9°45′E / 9.167°N 9.750°E | |
| Country | Nigeria |
| Date created | 3 February 1976 |
| Capital | Jos |
| Government | |
| • Body | Government of Plateau State |
| • Governor[2] | Simon Bako Lalong (APC) |
| • Deputy Governor | Sonni Gwanle Tyoden |
| • Legislature | Yakubu Yakson Sanda, Speaker Plateau State House of Assembly |
| • Senators | C: Hezekiah Ayuba Dimka (APC) N: Istifanus Gyang (PDP) S: Nora Daduut (APC) |
| • Representatives | Ahmed Idris Wase (APC) Beni Lar (PDP) Dachung Musa Bagos (PDP) Komsol Alphonsus Longgap (APC) Simon Davou Mwadkwon (PDP) Solomon Maren Bulus (PDP) Gagdi Adamu Yusuf (APC) Musa Agah (PDP) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 30,913 km2 (11,936 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 12 of 36 |
| Population (2006) | |
| • Total | 3,206,531[1] |
| • Rank | 26 of 36 |
| GDP (PPP) | |
| • Year | 2007 |
| • Total | $5.15 billion[3] |
| • Per capita | $1,587[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (WAT) |
| postal code | 930001 |
| ISO 3166 code | NG-PL |
| HDI (2018) | 0.562[4] medium · 22nd of 37 |
| Website | plateaustate.gov.ng |
Plateau State is described as "The Home of Peace and Tourism". With natural formations of rocks, hills and waterfalls, it derives its name from the Jos Plateau and has a population of around 3.5 million people.[6]
Geography
Adjacent states
- Bauchi State – to the north east
- Kaduna State – to the north west
- Nasarawa State – to the south west
- Taraba State – to the south east
Boundaries
Plateau State is located in the North Central Zone out of the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria.[7] With an area of 26,899 square kilometres, the state has an estimated population of about three million people. It is located between latitude 8°24' N and 10°30' N and longitude 8°32' E and 10°38' E.[8] The state is named after the Jos Plateau, a mountainous area in the north of the state with rock formations.[9] Bare rocks are scattered across the grasslands, which cover the plateau.[10] The altitude ranges from around 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) to a peak of 1,829 metres (6,001 ft) above sea level in the Shere Hills range near Jos. Years of tin and columbite mining have left the area strewn with deep gorges and lakes.[11]
Climate
Although situated in the tropical zone, the higher altitude gives the state a near-temperate climate, with an average temperature between 13 and 22 °C. Harmattan winds cause the coldest weather between December and February, with the warmest temperatures usually in the dry season months of March and April. The mean annual rainfall varies between 131.75 cm (52 in) in the southern part to 146 cm (57 in) on the plateau, with the highest rainfall during the wet season in July and August. The cooler climate has led to a reduced incidence of some tropical diseases such as malaria. The Jos Plateau is it the source of many rivers in northern Nigeria, including the Kaduna, Gongola, Hadeja and Damaturu rivers.
Geology
The Jos Plateau is thought to be an area of younger granite which was intruded through an area of older granite rock, making up the surrounding states. These "younger" granites are thought to be about 160 million years old. This creates the unusual scenery of the Jos Plateau. There are numerous hillocks with gentle slopes emerging from the ground like mushrooms scattered with huge boulders. Also, volcanic activity 50 million years ago created numerous volcanoes and vast basaltic plateaus formed from lava flows. This also produces regions of mainly narrow and deep valleys and pediments (surfaces made smooth by erosion) from the middle of rounded hills with sheer rock faces.[12] The phases of volcanic activities involved in the formation of Plateau State have made it one of the mineral rich states in the country.[13]
Tin is still mined and processed on the plateau.[citation needed]
Tourism
Plateau State is known as The Home of Peace and Tourism in Nigeria. Although the tourism sector is not thriving due to meagre allocations by the state government, its natural endowments are still attractions to tourists, mostly from within Nigeria.
- The Wildlife Safari Parksits in the middle of 8 km2 (3 sq mi) of unspoiled savanna bush, about 4 km (2 mi) from Jos.[14]Wildlife Park Jos
- The National Museum in Jos was founded in 1952. It is known for its archaeology and pottery collections, and with some fine Nok terracotta heads and artefacts dating from 500 BC to 200 AD.[15]
- The Museum of Traditional Nigerian Architecture is adjacent, with life-size replicas various of buildings, from the walls of Kano to a Tiv village. Items from colonial times relating to the railway and tin mining are on display.[16]
- Solomon Lar Amusement Park in Jos cityis named after Chief Solomon Lar, a former governor of Plateau State.[17]
- Jos Zoo was established in 1957 and has a good stock of animals, birds and reptiles.[18]
- Assop Falls is perhaps, the most notable of Nigeria's many waterfalls. Located at the edge of the Jos Plateau, about 40 miles (64 km) from Jos city, on the road to Abuja. It is used as a filming location for soap operas and advertisements.[19]
- Kurra Falls is a tourist area some 77 km southeast of Jos, and is the location of the state's first hydroelectric power station.[20]
- Wase Rock is a dome-shaped inselberg which juts out of the ground to a height of 450 meters.[21] It is located about 216 km southeast of Jos, near Wase town. It is one of only five breeding sites of the white pelican in Africa. Because of this, the government now protects about 321 acres (130 ha) around the rock as a bird sanctuary and for wildlife development.
- The Kerang highlands are located about 88 km from Jos. These volcanic hills are the source of natural mountain springs, which are use for bottled spring water.[22]Kerang Highlands
- The Shere Hills include some of the plateau's highest peaks. They are a range of hills to the east of Jos which have views of the city below, and attract mountain climbers and hill walkers.[23]
- Riyom Rock is a rock formation 25 km southwest of Jos, near Riyom town.[24]
- Pandam Game Reserve is a largely-unspoiled wildlife sanctuary with hippopotami, crocodiles, and several snake species. Park rangers track game on foot and guide the visitors.[25]
- Kahwang Rock Formation of basalt rocks, is located in Bangai village in the Bachi district of Riyom.[26]
Natural resources
Natural resources in the state include: barite, bauxite, bentonite, bismuth, cassiterite, clay, coal, emeralds, fluoride, granite, iron ore, kaolin, lead / zinc, marble, molybdenite, pyrochlore, salt, tantalite / columbite, and tin / wolfram.[27]
History
Plateau state has been adjusted to its present borders many times. Colonial manipulation was from a desire to protect the railway construction and guarantee safe passage of mined tin to the coast. There was also an attempt initially to create a province of largely non-Muslims under one Resident. Later alterations came from strong local desires for self-government.
The British began to exert colonial control of Nigeria in the early 20th century. At that time, much of Plateau State was part of Bauchi Province. In 1926, Plateau Province, made up of Jos and Pankshin Divisions, was carved out of Bauchi. The border changed several times in subsequent years as the government sought not to split ethnic groups. In May 1967, Benue and Plateau Provinces were merged to form the large Benue-Plateau State. At this time Nigeria had twelve states.
Following the civil war, Benue-Plateau State was one of several large states which were further split up following pressure on the federal government. Under the military administration of General Yakubu Gowon, the country was further divided into nineteen states in 1976 and Plateau State was created from Benue-Plateau covering the area of the original Plateau Province. In 1996, Plateau State was further subdivided to create Nasarawa State which was carved out of the western half of Plateau State by Sani Abacha's military regime.
Tin mining activities began in 1902 under the British and continue to the present day.
Government
The Plateau State administrative structure consists of the state cabinet, the House of Assembly and local government areas.[10]
The state government is run by the governor (chief executive), deputy governor, secretary to the state government, commissioners (cabinet members), special advisers, permanent secretaries, board chairmen and general managers. The current governor is Simon Bako Lalong. He was sworn in on 29 May 2015 under the party APC.[28]
The House of Assembly consists of 25 members and 11 special advisers.[29] The current Speaker of the house is Rt. Hon. Yakubu Yakson Sanda who was elected on 20 October 2021 by the Honourable Members of the house following the impeachment of Rt. Hon. Ayuba Abok by the members of the 9th assembly.[30]
The local government is headed by a chairman, who is the chief executive, while his cabinet consists of elected councilors who make up the legislative arm.[31]
Plateau State is also divided into 17 local government areas, each encompassing ethnic groups who share common affinities or distant bloodlines.[32] Leaders of these local government areas are elected by the people from amongst several contestants who may not be related to any past chiefdom leaders.[33] As of July 2022[update], all the seventeen areas have elected chairmen as Management Committee Chairmen which were appointed by the governor Simon Bako Lalong for some four local government areas which include Barkin Ladi, Jos North, Jos South, and Riyom have all been replaced.[34]
Local government areas
In 1976, Plateau State consisted of fourteen local government areas (LGAs). New LGAs were carved out of the large ones in 1989, 1991 and 1996, so that the new Plateau State is subdivided into the following seventeen LGAs:
Demographics
The state has over forty ethno-linguistic groups. Some of the indigenous ethnic groups in the state are:
These ethnic groups are predominantly farmers and have similar cultural and traditional ways of life. People from other parts of country have come to settle in the state; these include the Idoma, Igbo, Yoruba, Ibibio, Annang, Efik, Ijaw, and Bini.
Each ethnic group has its own distinct language, but as with the rest of the country, English is the official language in the state; Hausa is also a common medium of communication and commerce as is the case in most parts of the North and Middle Belt of Nigeria.[35]
Attacks
There have been several major attacks in Plateau State, mostly in Jos, including riots and bombings by jihadist Boko Haram insurgents. Plateau State has been a venue of clashes between the minority Muslim Hausa-Fulani herders and predominantly Christian farmers like the other states of Middle Belt area of Nigeria.[36] There have been cases of attacks away from the state capital, most recently, one which drew international attention as the site of multiple attacks attributed to Fulani herdsmen.[37][38][39] These included a series of attacks carried out on Christian communities in Plateau State from June 2018 onward which were estimated to have taken the lives of at least 200 people and left many others homeless.[40][41][42][43] In 2022, a bandit gang attacked several villages.
Education
Tertiary institutions in Plateau State include:
- College of Education, Gindiri[44][45]
- Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Vom[46]
- Federal College of Education, Pankshin[47]
- Plateau State Polytechnic[48]
- Plateau State University[49]
- University of Jos[50]
This section contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined, unverified or indiscriminate. (June 2021) |
Languages
Languages of Plateau State listed by LGA:[62]
| LGA | Languages |
|---|---|
| Barkin Ladi | Berom; Ron; Ibaas |
| Bassa | Amo Hausa; Buji; Cara; Iguta; Izora; Janji; Jere; Kuce; Panawa; Rigwe; Sanga ; Chokobo ; Jere ; Gus ; Bache (Rukuba); Tarya; Lemoro; |
| Bokkos | Bo-Rukul; Duhwa; Hasha; Horom; Kulere; Mundat; Nungu; Ron; Manguna; |
| Jos East | Afizere |
| Jos North | Afizere; Iguta; Berom |
| Jos South | Berom |
| Kanam | Boghom; Duguri; Mbat; Ngas; Tarok; Yangkam; Saya |
| Langtang | Ngas; Tarok; Wãpha; Yangkam; Ywom |
| Langtang South | Wapan; Tarok |
| Mangu | Mwaghavul, Jipal, Pyem and Chakfem. |
| Mikang | Ywom |
| Kanke | Ngas; Tarok |
| Pankshin | Fyer; Mhiship; Ngas; Pe; Sur; Tal; Tambas |
| Qua'an-pan | Kofyar (Pan:- Doemak; Kwagalak; Mernyang; Bwal, Doka; Teng), Ngas, |
| Riyom | Berom; Iten |
| Shendam | Boghom; Dass; Goemai; Jorto; Koenoem; Miship; Montol; Pyapun; Tiv; Wapan; Wãpha; Ywom |
| Wase | Boghom; Bole; Como Karim; Tarok; Wãpha; Yangkam; Fulani |
| others | Ganang |
Notable people
- M.I Abaga - (born 1981), hip hop recording artist and record producer[63]
- Coach Henry E.V.K
- Domkat Bali[64]
- Solomon Dalung - (born 1964), politician, lawyer and academic[65]
- Joshua Chibi Dariye - (born 1957), former Governor of Plateau State[66]
- Yusuf Adamu Gagdi
- Joseph Nanven Garba - (1943-2001), general, diplomat, and politician who served as president of the United Nations General Assembly[67]
- Yakubu Gowon - (born 1934), Nigerian army general, former military leader and Head of State of Nigeria[68]
- Joseph Gomwalk - (1935-1976), police commissioner and first Military Governor of Benue-Plateau State[69]
- Jeremiah Gyang - (born 1981), singer-songwriter, instrumentalist and record producer
- Ruby Gyang[70]
- Jesse Jagz
- Jonah David Jang
- Simon Lalong
- Solomon Lar[71]
- Rimini Makama: Nigerian lawyer, entrepreneur, and the Communications Director at Africa Practice[72]
- Angela Miri
- Caleb Mutfwang (born 1965) Governor elect of Plateau State.
- Mikel John Obi
- Panam Percy Paul
- Ice Prince
- Sim Shagaya[73]
- P-Square
- John Nanzip Shagaya[74]
- Pauline Tallen[75]
- Jeremiah Useni:He was the former Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (1993-1998).[citation needed]
- Ahmed Idris Wase[76]
- Muhammadu Abdullahi Wase[citation needed]
Politics
The state government is led by a democratical elected governor who works closely with members of the state's house of assembly. The capital city of the state is Jos.[77]
Electoral system
The governor of each state is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two -third of the State local government Areas. If no candidate passes threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government Areas.[78]
See also
References
- ^ . population.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
- ^ See List of Governors of Plateau State for a list of prior governors
- ^ a b "C-GIDD (Canback Global Income Distribution Database)". Canback Dangel. Retrieved 20 August 2008.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
- ^ "Nigeria | Culture, History, & People". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- ^ Ibrahim, Abubakar (28 February 2022). "Add citation".
- ^ "Geopolitical zones in Nigeria and their states". 20 March 2017.
- ^ "Plateau | state, Nigeria | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Online, Tribune (10 October 2017). "SHERE HILLS: Amazing hills and rock formations". Tribune Online. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ a b pictda. "Welcome! Home| Plateau State Government Website". Laravel. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Diala, Sam; THEWILL (27 February 2022). "State of the States: Plateau State". Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Nigeria: PHYSICAL SETTING - Plateau State
- ^ Hodder, B. W. (1959). "Tin Mining on the Jos Plateau of Nigeria". Economic Geography. 35 (2): 109–122. doi:10.2307/142394. ISSN 0013-0095. JSTOR 142394.
- ^ "A guide to planning a wild adventure to Jos Wildlife Park". Pulse Nigeria. 5 November 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Nok Culture". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- ^ "Museum Of Traditional Nigerian Architecture – Crafts Village HUB". Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Solomon Lar Amusement Park | Jos". AfricaBizInfo. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Jos Zoo Plateau State :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Assop Falls, pride of Plateau State". Tribune Online. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Kurra Falls 2021 top things to do in plateau , jos plateau, reviews, best time to visit, photo gallery | HelloTravel Nigeria". www.hellotravel.com. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Plateau State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
- ^ Kolawole, Folarin (10 December 2015). "The Magnificent Inactive Volcanoes of Jos Plateau". PR2J3C4 - Nigeria @ Her Best. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "SHERE HILLS: Amazing hills and rock formations » Arewa » Tribune Online". Tribune Online. 10 October 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "RIYOM ROCK FORMATION". Visit Nigeria Now. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Pandam Game Reserve Plateau State :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "10 Beautiful Rock Formations Around Nigeria". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 31 May 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ "Natural Resources – Welcome To The Embassy of Nigeria". Retrieved 8 February 2022.
- ^ pictda. "Welcome! Home| Plateau State Government Website". Laravel. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- ^ "All 24 Members of Plateau Assembly to Sit Thursday – THISDAYLIVE". www.thisdaylive.com. 25 November 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ David (28 October 2021). "Plateau Assembly impeach Speaker, elect Yakubu Sanda". The Sun Nigeria. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Nwafor (11 October 2021). "Plateau: Lalong swears-in elected Chairmen of 17 LGA". Vanguard News. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Stephens, Matt (12 November 2018). "List of the 17 Local Government Areas in Plateau State ⋆ NaijaHomeBased". NaijaHomeBased. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Pwanagba, Agabus (11 October 2021). "Plateau LG polls: It's an appointment, executive rascality, rape of democracy - PDP". Daily Post Nigeria. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Curfew imposed on four local government areas of Plateau state". Channels Television. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "200 more killed in Nigeria attacks by Fulani Herdsmen". Global Christian News. 24 June 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
- ^ "Meet the peacekeepers of Nigeria's Plateau State". Washington Post. 17 December 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
- ^ Stephanie Busari (25 June 2018). "Nigeria: Scores killed, homes burned in Plateau State attacks". CNN. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Attacks on Nigerian Christians escalate". www.churchtimes.co.uk. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "37 Christians Massacred in Plateau State, Nigeria". Persecution. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Herdsmen attacks kill 37 Christians in Nigeria". Evangelical Focus. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Six Nigerian Christians killed in fresh Fulani militant attack on beleaguered Plateau State village | Barnabas Fund". barnabasfund.org. 9 October 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Christians in Nigeria's Plateau State at risk of being wiped out by Fulani attacks | Barnabas Fund". barnabasfund.org. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "NIGERIA". Report ACN. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ a b jobadung (18 March 2020). "NTA College Jos Available Programmes And Entry Requirements". Jobadung. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ Academy, Samphina (27 February 2019). "Courses Offered in College of Education, Gindiri (COEGINDIRI)". Samphina Academy. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Federal College Of Animal Health And Production Technology, Vom, Plateau State". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Home". www.fcepankshin.edu.ng. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ Fapohunda, Olusegun (9 July 2021). "List of Courses Offered by Plateau State Polytechnic". www.myschoolgist.com. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Fapohunda, Olusegun (9 October 2021). "List Of PLASU Courses and Programmes Offered". www.myschoolgist.com. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Home | University of Jos". www.unijos.edu.ng. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "ANAN University". www.ananuniversity.com. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "ANAN University vows to expand specialization in accounting". Vanguard News. 4 February 2021. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Courses Offered in Federal College Of Forestry, Jos, Plateau State". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Colleges of Agriulture | National Board for Technical Education". net.nbte.gov.ng. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Federal College Of Land Resources and Technology, Kuru". www.finelib.com. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Welcome | FECOLART | About". www.fecolartow.ng. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ Bako, Friday (3 February 2021). "FG Approves the Establishment of Karl Kum University Vom, ANAN University Kwall in Plateau State & 18 Others". View Point Nigeria. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "As FG approves Karl Kumm University built with poor people's contributions – MK-REPORTERS". Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ Reporters, Our Correspondent Our (18 May 2021). "Karl Kumm Varsity VC, principal officers tasked on efficiency". New Telegraph. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "NTA Television College – Jos". Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "List of Courses Offered at Plateau State College Of Agriculture, Garkawa (PLASCAG)". Nigerian Scholars. 30 January 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Nigeria". Ethnologue (22 ed.). Retrieved 10 January 2020.
- ^ "M.I Abaga - Bio, Music Career and Other Facts About the Hip-Hop Artist". buzznigeria.com. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Ataro, Ufuoma (5 December 2020). "Former Defence Minister Domkat Bali dies at 80". Premium Times Nigeria. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ sunnews (18 December 2016). "PERSONALITY OF THE WEEK: Solomon Dalung: The throw of the dice". The Sun Nigeria. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Joshua Dariye: Travails of a jailed former governor". Businessday NG. 13 June 2018. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Lewis, Paul (5 June 2002). "Joseph Garba, 58, a Nigerian Coup Plotter and, Later, a Diplomat". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Yakubu Gowon | Education, Age, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "First Governor Of Benue-Plateau State, Late JD Gomwalk To Be Granted State Pardon Before End Of 2021-Lalong". 7 November 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Ruby Gyang biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Ajijah, Andrew (9 October 2013). "Exit of a Colossus: Solomon Lar, PDP founding chairman, dead". Premium Times Nigeria. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Rimini Makama biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Sim Shagaya biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Webmaster (22 February 2018). "Brig-General John Shagaya 1942-2018". Daily Trust. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Report, Agency (16 May 2022). "2023: Women Affairs Minister, Pauline Tallen, withdraws from senatorial race". Premium Times Nigeria. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "ShineYourEye". www.shineyoureye.org. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ Oguntola, Tunde (27 September 2022). "2023: Next President, Govs Must Get Two-thirds Spread, Says INEC". Retrieved 23 February 2023.
- ^ Oguntola, Tunde (27 September 2022). "2023: Next President, Govs Must Get Two-thirds Spread, Says INEC". Retrieved 23 February 2023.
External links
- Plateau State Government
- Blench, R. M., Daniel, P. & Hassan, Umaru (2003): Access rights and conflict over common pool resources in three states in Nigeria. Report to Conflict Resolution Unit, World Bank (extracted section on Jos Plateau)
- Hiking on the Plateau
- Aerial view of Plateau State