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Port Authority Bus Terminal

January 01, 1970

"PABT" redirects here. For the ICAO code listing, see Bettles Airport.

The Port Authority Bus Terminal (colloquially known as the Port Authority and by its acronym PABT) is a bus terminal located in Manhattan in New York City. It is the busiest bus terminal in the world by volume of traffic,[2] serving about 8,000 buses and 225,000 people on an average weekday and more than 65 million people a year.[3]

Port Authority Bus Terminal
Port Authority Bus Terminal at Eighth Avenue and West 42nd Street in July 2019
General information
Location625 8th Avenue
New York City, New York
United States
Coordinates40°45′24″N 73°59′28″W / 40.75667°N 73.99111°W / 40.75667; -73.99111
Owned byPort Authority of New York and New Jersey
Bus routes New Jersey Transit Bus: 101, 102, 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 144, 145, 148, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 177, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 319, 320, 321, 324, 355
Bus stands223
Bus operatorsSee Companies below
Connections New York City Subway:
​​ at 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal
​​​​​​​​ at Times Square–42nd Street
New York City Bus: M11, M20, M34A SBS, M42, M104, SIM8, SIM8X, SIM22, SIM25, SIM26, SIM30
Construction
Platform levels9[1]
Parking1,250 spaces
Other information
WebsitePABT
History
OpenedDecember 15, 1950
Rebuilt1963 (parking decks)
1979 (annex)
2007 (seismic retrofit)
Location

The terminal is located in Midtown Manhattan at 625 Eighth Avenue between 40th Street and 42nd Street, one block east of the Lincoln Tunnel and one block west of Times Square. It is one of three bus terminals operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ); the other two are George Washington Bridge Bus Station in Upper Manhattan and Journal Square Transportation Center in Jersey City.

PABT serves as a terminus and departure point for commuter routes as well as for long-distance intercity bus service and is a major transit hub for residents of New Jersey. It has 223 departure gates and 1,250 car parking spaces, as well as commercial and retail space.[4] In 2011, there were more than 2.263 million bus departures from the terminal.[5]

Opened in 1950, the terminal was built to consolidate several private terminals spread across Midtown Manhattan. A second wing, extending to 42nd Street, was added in 1979. Since then, the terminal has reached peak hour capacity, leading to congestion and overflow on local streets. It does not allow for layover parking; as such, buses must either use local streets and parking lots or deadhead through the tunnel. PANYNJ has been unsuccessful in its attempts to expand passenger facilities through public private partnership, and in 2011 it delayed construction of a bus depot annex, citing budgetary constraints. After considering several plans to relocate the terminal, the PANYNJ released plans in 2021 to reconstruct the terminal on the same site, with layover facilities.

History edit

 
The last of many bus terminals in Midtown, at Old Penn Station. In 1963, Greyhound Lines became the last company to move to PABT.

Before PABT was constructed, there were several terminals scattered throughout Midtown Manhattan,[6] some of which were part of hotels. The Federal Writers Project's 1940 publication of New York: A Guide to the Empire State lists the All American Bus Depot on West 42nd, the Consolidated Bus Terminal on West 41st, and the Hotel Astor Bus Terminal on West 45th.[7] The Dixie Bus Center on 42nd Street, located on the ground floor of the Dixie Hotel, opened in 1930 and operated until 1959.[8]

The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad had coach service aboard a ferry to Communipaw Terminal in Jersey City that ran from an elegant bus terminal with a revolving bus platform in the Chanin Building at 42nd and Lexington.[6] Greyhound Lines had its own facility adjacent to Pennsylvania Station and did not move into the Port Authority Bus Terminal until May 1963,[9] at which time all long-distance bus service to the city was consolidated at the terminal.[6]

Development edit

Planning edit

The Lincoln Tunnel between Manhattan and New Jersey opened in 1937. Within a year and a half of the tunnel's opening, five companies were operating 600 interstate bus trips through the tunnel every day.[10] The city opposed letting buses go through Midtown Manhattan because they caused congestion.[11] A large bus terminal near the mouth of the Lincoln Tunnel was first mandated in December 1939, after the city announced that it would ban commuter buses from driving into congested parts of Midtown. The ban was supposed to go into effect in January 1941,[12] but New York Supreme Court Justice John E. McGeehan blocked La Guardia's proposed bus ban on the grounds that it was unreasonable.[13]

In July 1940, at the request of New York City mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia, the Port of New York Authority started conducting a survey into the causes and effects of intercity and commuter bus traffic in Manhattan.[14] That December, Times Square Terminal Inc. filed an application to build and operate a commuter bus terminal from 41st to 42nd Streets between Eighth and Ninth Avenues, adjacent to the McGraw-Hill Building on land owned by the McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. According to projections at the time, the $4 million terminal could be completed within nine months.[15] Manhattan Borough President Stanley M. Isaacs proposed building a short $600,000 tube between the Lincoln Tunnel and the new terminal.[16] The city approved the construction of the new terminal and connecting tunnel in January 1941.[17]

Plans for a bus terminal were delayed because of World War II, which diverted resources from most projects that were not directly involved in the war effort. In June 1944, the New York state government allocated $180,000 to the Port of New York Authority for studying the feasibility of constructing a bus terminal in Midtown Manhattan.[18] Early the next year, plans for a mid-Manhattan bus terminal were presented to the different bus companies.[19] While most major bus lines agreed to the plan, Greyhound was already planning on expanding its then terminal near Penn Station.[20] Greyhound initially opposed the terminal but withdrew its opposition in late 1947.[21]

Construction edit

The New York City Board of Estimate approved the construction of the new terminal in January 1947.[22][23] The terminal was to be built one block south of the aborted Times Square Terminal Inc. site, on the block bounded by 40th and 41st Streets and Eighth and Ninth Avenues.[23] The Port of New York Authority began acquiring land for the terminal two months later.[24][25] To finance the terminal's construction, the agency issued $16.3 million in bonds in July 1947.[26][27] Plans for the structural design were revised substantially in March 1948, when the Port of New York Authority added a 500-spot parking lot on the terminal's roof, to be accessed via a series of ramps.[28] The last industrial tenant on the future terminal's site moved away the following month,[29] and the agency began relocating the first of 450 displaced families in November 1948.[30]

Walter McQuade designed the terminal, with Vincent Marchesani as the assistant architect.[31] The Port of New York Authority hosted a groundbreaking ceremony for the terminal on January 27, 1949,[32][33] at which point half of the site had been cleared.[34] At the same time, the agency began soliciting bids from concessionaires for the terminal's 50 stores.[31] By the middle of the year, the agency had received 500 bids from concessionaires.[35] The first steel beams for the new bus terminal were installed in November 1949,[36][37] and Turner Construction received a contract the next month to build the terminal's superstructure for approximately $9.2 million.[38][39] The steel framework for the new terminal topped out during March 1950.[40] The terminal's construction was delayed slightly by a labor strike in the middle of that year.[41] Despite this, the terminal was substantially complete by November 1, 1950. The project had employed 1,055 men and used 1.53 million bricks and 1.22 million square feet (113,000 m2) of concrete.[42]

Original terminal edit

 
There are ramps to the Lincoln Tunnel, while the lower level of the North Wing connects with a tunnel under Ninth Avenue.

The original Mid-Manhattan Bus Terminal (now PABT's South Wing), built in the International Style, was opened on December 15, 1950.[43][44] The four-story terminal measured 200 by 800 feet (61 by 244 m) and was 65 feet (20 m) tall, with a 500-space parking lot and 50 stores. The ground level contained 40 slips for long-haul buses, as well as an auxiliary platform with space for 15 more buses. The second level was the main concourse and contained ticket offices, waiting rooms, baggage check, restaurants, shops, a 300-seat newsreel theater, and escalators to other levels. The third story was the suburban concourse, which was divided into three sections and contained 72 loading slips and 15 unloading slips. The fourth story was for short-haul buses.[31] A system of pipes was embedded into the reinforced-concrete ramps leading to the terminal, keeping the ramps free of ice.[45] The Port of New York Authority had also proposed a heliport on the roof during the terminal's construction,[46][47] and the agency had authorized the construction of a ramp to the 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue subway station just before the terminal opened.[48]

During its first year, the Port Authority Bus Terminal accommodated 40 million passengers; the terminal's construction was credited with diverting 5,000 buses per day from street-level bus stops.[49] The terminal had replaced a series of coffee shops frequented by the elderly; after the coffee shops had been demolished, patrons of these establishments began meeting at the terminal instead.[50] The terminal's rooftop garage was initially mostly empty,[51][52] prompting the garage's operators to allow trucks to park there.[53] By mid-1951, the garage was frequently fully occupied and was profitable.[52][49] In the terminal's early years, the Port of New York Authority constantly cleaned the terminal, scrubbing the floor every night.[54] Despite the large numbers of passengers who used the terminal, it recorded a net loss during its first five years, in part due to high operating expenses, debt charges, and interest costs.[55]

Expansions and modifications edit

First expansion edit

In September 1959, the Port of New York Authority announced that it would spend $19 million to increase the bus terminal's capacity by 50 percent. The plans involved converting the existing parking lot atop the building with 25 spaces for long-haul buses and 32 spaces for short-haul buses.[56][57] In addition, a 1,000-space parking lot would be built above the existing roof.[58] That December, the Port of New York Authority approved $24 million for the expansion of the terminal and for the widening of several ramps leading from the terminal to the Lincoln Tunnel.[59] Construction of the expansion took place during off-peak hours to minimize disruptions to bus service.[60] As part of an experiment in 1960, the Port of New York Authority installed a canopy above one of the loading slips to shield commuters from buses' emissions.[61] The first of 30 "legs" supporting the new parking lot were installed in November 1960,[62] and the existing parking lot was closed the following March.[63]

The expansion topped out in June 1961,[60] and a bridge connecting the expanded terminal with the Lincoln Tunnel was installed two months later.[64] The Port of New York Authority sold $25 million in bonds for the expansions of the Port Authority Bus Terminal and George Washington Bridge in January 1962.[65] The new ramps to the Lincoln Tunnel were finished the next month.[66] The first 300 spaces in the new parking lot opened in April 1962,[67] and the rest of the parking lot was opened in stages over the next two months.[68] The new loading slips were opened in several stages and were in full operation by April 1963.[69]

Decline edit

As early as the mid-1960s, the Port Authority Bus Terminal had gained a reputation as a "derelict's haven", especially at night, when dozens of homeless persons slept in the terminal.[70] Following a New York Times report about the large homeless populations in the terminal, the PANYNJ began stationing additional officers there in January 1967 to deter homeless people from sleeping there.[71] The PANYNJ also added a CCTV system in 1966 in an attempt to reduce crime.[72] The New York Times reported in 1969 that hustlers frequently harassed the terminal's passengers; at the time, the Port Authority Police Department arrested 130 people per month.[73]

By the early 1970s, the PANYNJ had redecorated some of the terminal's spaces, adding glass enclosures and rubber trees in an attempt to discourage loiterers.[74] The PANYNJ also built a coffeehouse in late 1971 for elderly residents of the area who frequented the terminal,[75] and the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission installed a taxi-dispatch system at the terminal in 1972.[76] Meanwhile, the terminal still accommodated an average of 250,000 passengers daily by 1975,[77] even as the number of buses traveling to the terminal had started to decline in 1968.[78] Hustlers, pimps, prostitutes, alcoholics, and the homeless still frequented the terminal, which also attracted runaway youth from other cities. The Port Authority Bus Terminal also recorded hundreds of crimes every year by the late 1970s; this was attributed in part to the "lonely and derelict" in the neighborhood.[50][79]

In March 1975, a federal judge ruled that the PANYNJ "was not competent to" allocate loading space to the bus companies that used the terminal, since the agency had never properly studied traffic patterns at the terminal.[77] The PANYNJ subsequently conducted a study of the terminal's traffic, finding that the terminal handled between 750 and 800 buses during a typical morning, which carried a total of 35,000 passengers.[80] The Interstate Commerce Commission began investigating overcrowding at the terminal that March after receiving numerous commuter complaints that the PANYNJ and bus operators had "failed to provide safe and adequate service".[80][81] After the PANYNJ announced the next month that it would build an annex north of the original terminal,[82][83] the ICC canceled a public hearing for its overcrowding investigation.[84] One of the operators using the terminal, Trailways, began a rent strike in 1977, complaining that the terminal was dilapidated and that rent at the terminal was far too high.[50][79] Trailways quickly ended its rent strike under threat of eviction,[85] but the company criticized the terminal's safety after two people were killed there in mid-1978.[86]

Northern annex edit

Private developer Irving Maidman had proposed erecting a second bus terminal just north of the existing terminal in 1956.[87] The PANYNJ first considered expanding the bus station northward to 42nd Street as early as January 1965;[88] the New York City Planning Commission endorsed the plan, which was not carried out at that time.[89] The PANYNJ announced plans in 1970 to expand its terminal northward and build an office tower above the north annex.[90][91] The annex would have cost $80 million, while the skyscraper above it would have cost $50 million.[91] PANYNJ officials hoped the new annex would alleviate traffic on Eighth Avenue, which was frequently congested because of double-parking taxis.[92] Plans for the annex were delayed for several years because of disputes between the PANYNJ and the bus companies using the terminal. The PANYNJ claimed that the bus companies had refused to pay higher fees, but unnamed sources affiliated with the bus companies said the construction of the World Trade Center had used up the agency's money.[93]

The expansion was delayed until May 1975, when PANYNJ chairman William J. Ronan announced that the expansion would begin that September at a cost of $137.5 million.[82][83] The project was to involve the replacement of the original terminal's curved facade with a glass curtain wall;[94] the construction of a new wing with four above-ground concourses and one basement; improved access to the subway; and a tunnel connecting with the Lincoln Tunnel.[82] The project also included replacing existing escalators.[95] To raise money for the annex, the PANYNJ raised tolls by 50 percent on six bridges and tunnels that it operated between New York and New Jersey.[96][97] That August, the PANYNJ allocated another $22 million for the terminal's renovation.[98][99] The additional funds were earmarked for renovating the main concourse, erecting glass enclosures around 24 platforms, adding entrances on Ninth Avenue, refurbishing the restrooms, and replacing the air-conditioning system.[98]

Although bus traffic continued to decline during the late 1970s, the PANYNJ still wished to build the annex to alleviate congestion at the existing terminal. The facility handled 7,000 buses per day in 1977; as such, during rush hours, buses had seven minutes to unload and load all passengers.[94] The North Wing was opened in 1979.[100] This expansion increased capacity by 50 percent and included a new facade comprising 27 steel X-shaped trusses.[101][102] Assessing the facade design in 2008, Virtualtourist listed the terminal as one of the "World's Top 10 Ugliest Buildings and Monuments".[103] The northern annex included 50 loading slips, with space for another 25 slips, as well as a 15-foot-wide (4.6 m) arcade recessed from the 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue facades.[78]

Later years edit

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the public considered the area around Times Square, including PABT, to be dangerous. In an attempt to alleviate fears of crime, the PANYNJ turned on some lights that had been switched off to save energy; cleaned the city-maintained sidewalk outside the terminal; and created designated zones for hustlers and advocacy groups.[95] Crime increased after the north wing was completed, with 2,800 crimes being reported in 1979 and 3,300 crimes in 1983.[104]

During 1997, the terminal was the subject of a study, coordinated by Professor Marcus Felson of Rutgers University, which identified strategic changes to the building's design and area supervision with a view to reducing crime and other problems.[1] In 2007, the South Wing underwent a seismic retrofit in a $52 million building code-compliance project to reinforce and stabilize it against earthquakes.[105] In addition, architecture firm PKSB Architects was hired in 1995 to design a titanium facade, a canopy above the entrance, and stainless steel cladding around the terminal's ramps and bridges. That project was completed in 2008.[106]

Further expansion proposals edit

Air rights edit

The PANYNJ has attempted to further expand the terminal through public–private partnerships by leasing air rights over the North Wing. In 1999, a 35-story building, to be known as 7 Times Square,[a] was proposed to be constructed over the North Wing and a golf driving range was to be constructed over the South Wing.[107] However, the project was put on hold in 2001 due to a decline in the economy following the dot com bust.[108]

Between 2000 and 2011, the PANYNJ worked with Vornado Realty Trust, which had partnered with the Lawrence Ruben Company.[109] Plans for the tower were revived in April 2007.[108] That November, the PANYNJ announced the terms of an agreement in which it would receive nearly $500 million in a lease arrangement for a new office tower that would also provide funds for additional terminal facilities.[110] The new tower would include 1.3 million square feet (120,000 m2) of commercial space in a new office tower, which was to use the vanity address 20 Times Square, the addition of 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2) of new retail space in the bus terminal, as well as 18 additional departure gates, accommodating 70 additional buses carrying up to 3,000 passengers per hour. New escalators would be installed to help move passengers more quickly between the gate area and the ground floor. Construction was expected to begin in 2009 or 2010, and take four years to complete.[111][112] After an architectural competition, the PANYNJ selected the design by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Richard Rogers from Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners for a 45-story office tower with an overall height of 855 feet (261 m).[113][114][115] The agreement expired in August 2009,[116] and in May 2010, Vornado was given a retroactive extension on the deadline to August 2011.[117] In July 2011, Vornado announced they had found a new partner to partially finance the tower,[109] but in November 2011, the new backers pulled out of the project.[118]

In June 2014, the PANYNJ received a higher price than anticipated for the sale of nearby property, $115 million versus $100 million. The value of air rights above the terminal would be higher than previously appraised, thanks to rising property values in the area surrounding the terminal and an indication of the rising value air rights above the terminal.[119] The agency had intentions to release a request for proposals for air-rights development in 2014–2015.[120]

West Side bus depot edit

 
Many buses lay over on city streets or make non-passenger bus trips through the Lincoln Tunnel for daytime parking.

The Port Authority allows for limited layovers of buses, thus requiring companies to make other arrangements during off-peak hours and between trips. Many park on local streets or parking lots during the day, while others make a round-trip without passengers through the Lincoln Tunnel to use layover facilities in New Jersey.[121] Bus layover parking on city streets is regulated by the NYDOT, which assigns locations throughout the city. In the vicinity of PABT, these are concentrated on the side streets between Ninth and Twelfth Avenues from 30th Street to 60th Street.[122]

Various studies and news reports have concluded that there is a need for a new bus depot in Midtown.[123][124][125][126] In a joint study by New York City and PANYNJ, it was determined that a preferred location for a bus depot was at Galvin Plaza located on 39th to 40th Streets between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues. However, this proposed location for commuter buses would not have capacity for charter buses and tour buses.[123]

The PANYNJ announced considerable toll increases on its crossings between New York and New Jersey in August 2011, citing as one of their reasons the construction of an $800 million "new bus garage connected to the Port Authority Bus Terminal, which will serve as a traffic reliever to the Lincoln Tunnel and midtown Manhattan streets, saving two-thirds of the empty bus trips that must make two extra trips through the tunnel each day."[127] Originally included in the PANYNJ 2007–2016 Capital Plan,[128] construction of the garage was scrapped by the agency in October 2011, after it cited budgetary constraints due to an arrangement whereby the toll increases would be incrementally implemented.[121]

In April 2012, the director of the PANYNJ reported that a proposal had been made by developer Larry Silverstein, who has a memorandum of understanding to develop a property at 39th Street and Dyer Avenue near the ramps between the tunnel and the terminal, to construct a bus garage with a residential tower above it.[129][130] This parcel is not large enough to accommodate bus ramps and would require the use of elevators, which seemed to be a new type of application for bus storage.[131] The proposal has not progressed any further.

In 2014, the PANYNJ made an application for a $230 million grant to the Federal Transit Administration for development of the garage.[120]

Replacement proposals edit

In June 2013, the PANYNJ commissioned an 18-month study that was to consider reconfiguration, expansion, and replacement options for PABT and new bus staging and storage facilities on Manhattan's West Side.[3] The $5.5 million contract awarded to Kohn Pedersen Fox and Parsons Brinckerhoff would look into potential public-private financing, including the sale of air rights and cost-sharing with private bus carriers.[132][133][134]

In 2016, the PANYNJ invited a number of development teams to propose ideas for replacement of the existing bus terminal.[135] Subsequently, in May 2019, the PANYNJ commenced the environmental review process for PABT's replacement. The PANYNJ planned to host four public hearings, two each in New York and New Jersey, in July and September 2019.[136][137] Three plans were considered: building a new terminal on the site, building a new terminal elsewhere, or moving intercity buses elsewhere while renovations took place in the existing terminal.[138] In anticipation of opportunities that reconstruction of the bus terminal will portend, the Hell's Kitchen South Coalition produced its own plan for the area.[139]

In January 2021, the PANYNJ released plans for reconstructing the terminal on the same site, with expansion of bus layover facilities.[140] The PANYNJ hired architects Boston-based Foster + Partners and Chicago-based design and engineering firm Epstein Global in August 2022 to design the new terminal,[141][142] and $65 million was allocated to the project the next year.[143] In January 2024, the Federal Transit Administration approved a draft environmental impact report for the replacement terminal.[144][145] The PANYNJ announced revised plans for the terminal the same month, which called for 3.5 acres (1.4 ha) of parks, a glass atrium, and a main entrance on 41st Street. The plans also called for two office buildings of at least 60 stories on 40th and 42nd streers.[146] At the time, the new terminal was planned to cost $10 billion; new ramps to the terminal were to be completed by 2028, while the terminal itself was planned to be finished by 2032.[144]

Art and advertising edit

 
George Rhoads's 1983 rolling ball sculpture 42nd Street Ballroom in the terminal's north building

The Commuters, a sculpture of three weary bus passengers and a clock salvaged from the original terminal by George Segal, was unveiled in the main ticket area in 1982.[147] 42nd Street Ballroom, a rolling ball sculpture by George Rhoads on the main floor of the North Wing, was installed in 1983.[148] A statue of Jackie Gleason in the guise of one of his most famous characters, the bus driver Ralph Kramden, stands in front of the main entrance to the original South Wing. The plaque reads, "Jackie Gleason as Ralph Kramden - Bus Driver - Raccoon Lodge Treasurer - Dreamer - Presented by the People of TV Land".[149]

Triple Bridge Gateway, completed in 2009, is an art installation by Leni Schwendinger Light Projects, underneath the ramps connecting the tunnel and the terminal; it is part of the transformation of the Ninth Avenue entrance of the South Wing.[150][151][152]

In July 2011, PABT became home to the world's largest mediamesh, a stainless steel fabric embedded with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for various types of media, art, and advertising imagery. The LED imagery façade covers 6,000 square feet (560 m2), and wraps around the corner of 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue.[153][154]

Configuration edit

Information and ticketing edit

For many years there was no timetable board displaying departures at PABT; passengers were required to inquire at information booths or ticket counters for schedules and departure gates. In 2015, both the Port Authority and NJ Transit installed screens listing upcoming scheduled departures, though buses are not tracked so delays are not communicated via this method.

Tickets can be purchased on the main level (ground floor) of the South Wing at the main ticket plaza; Greyhound, Trailways and Short Line have additional ticket counters in the terminal.

New Jersey Transit (NJT) maintains a customer service counter at the terminal on the south wing main level (open weekdays).[155] NJT has ticket vending machines (TVM) throughout the terminal. Effective in 2009, passengers boarding NJT buses are required to purchase a ticket before boarding.[156] In April 2012, NJT began re-equipping machines that would give change for those paying cash with bills rather than $1 coins.[157] NJT also accepts contactless payment systems (such as Apple Pay and Google Pay) at TVMs, NJT's mobile app, and ticket windows.[158]

Gates edit

 
Escalators and stairs carry passengers to individually enclosed pull-through island platforms at departure gates numbered 200 and up.

There are 223 departure gates of either saw-tooth (pull-in) or island platform (pull-through) design at PABT.[1] At the Subway Level, or lower level of both wings, Gates 1-85 are predominantly used for long-distance travel, including buses to Canada, and jitneys, and during overnight hours (1 a.m. to 6 a.m.) for commuter lines. From 6 a.m. to 1 a.m., during the hours of normal operation, Gates 200–425, numbered to indicate the different boarding areas (100, 200, 300, etc.) within the complex are accessible from the 2nd floor and serve short-haul commuter lines.[159] The third and fourth floors are respectively known as the 300 and 400 levels.[160] Most NJ Transit routes and New Jersey private carrier commuter routes are on the 200, 300, and 400 levels.

Retail and entertainment edit

Like other transit hubs, PABT has undergone a series of renovations to create a mall-like sphere to promote its retail, food, entertainment, and services spaces.[161][162] There are numerous franchise stores, such as Heartland Brewery, Au Bon Pain, Jamba Juice, Starbucks, Hudson News, Duane Reade, GNC, plus a United States Postal Service branch station, as well as a variety of restaurants and bars throughout the terminal.[163] Frames, a bowling alley (previously long known as Leisure Time Bowling) occupies a large space on the 2nd floor.[164][165]

Restrooms edit

Men's and women's restrooms in the bus terminal have been the subject of media attention; the women's restroom on the second floor is the terminal's busiest. It acts as a makeup counter, frequented by crowds daily due to its lighting, large mirrors, and cleanliness, a noted contrast to the rest of the unpopular terminal.[166]

The men's restrooms are the subject of an ongoing lawsuit against the Port Authority's police department. The lawsuit exposed a trend of plainclothes officers targeting homosexual or effeminate men at the bus terminal's restrooms. Five officers, of about 1,700 in the department, were responsible for 70 percent of public lewdness arrests in 2014, the year the lawsuit was filed. Most of the arrests have been for masturbation; the lawsuit alleged most of the arrests are targeted at LGBT men who have not performed any wrongful acts.[167][168] The Port Authority Police Department ended the practice in 2022.[169]

Companies edit

 
Gates 1-85 on the lower level of the terminal are used for inter-city departures.

The Port Authority Bus Terminal is served by the following lines:[170]

Commuter lines edit

Airport buses edit

Intercity operators edit

Sightseeing edit

Connecting transport edit

 
Subway entrance and cab stand on Eighth Avenue. Extensive underground passageways connect various stations and PABT.

Direct underground passageways connect the terminal with the 1, ​2, ​3​, 7, <7>​​, ​A​, ​C​, ​E​, N, ​Q, ​R, ​W​, and S trains of the New York City Subway at the Times Square–42nd Street and 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal stations.[176] Several bus routes operated by New York City Bus, including the M11, M20, M34A, M42 and M104 local buses and the SIM8, SIM8X, SIM22, SIM25, SIM26 and SIM30 Staten Island express buses, stop immediately outside the terminal.[177][178]

In the last decade, numerous jitney routes serving Hudson and Passaic counties in northern New Jersey pick up passengers inside the bus terminal or on the street outside the terminal. Dollar vans operated by Spanish Transportation to Paterson and Community Lines jitneys to Journal Square use platforms on the lower level.[179] Routes to Bergenline Avenue/GWB Plaza, and Boulevard East depart from 42nd Street outside the bus terminal's North Wing.[180][181][182][183][184][185]

In 2011, a controversy arose when Megabus, a long-distance carrier using double-decker buses, with the permission of the New York City Department of Transportation, began to use the streets and sidewalk at the terminal. The director of the PANYNJ, citing safety, as well as other long-haul companies (which paid rent to use the terminal) citing unfair competitive advantage, were opposed to the permission to allow the company use of 41st Street directly beneath the connection between the two wings of the Port Authority.[186] Despite these concerns and complaints, Megabus was initially permitted to stay.[187] However, the permission was withdrawn later that year.[188] Megabus now largely uses street-side stops near the Javits Center (for pickup) and Penn Station (for drop-off), except for a limited number of routes which use PABT.[189]

Capacity and overflow edit

 
The XBL, or exclusive bus lane, on Lincoln Tunnel in morning rush hour, leads to PABT.

PABT is the gateway for most bus and jitney traffic entering Manhattan[190] with more than 190,000 passengers[4] on 6,000 bus trips made through the Lincoln Tunnel and terminal daily.[191] The Lincoln Tunnel Approach and Helix (Route 495) in Hudson County, New Jersey passes through a cut and descends the Hudson Palisades to the Lincoln Tunnel; PABT is located at the other end.[192] Starting in 1964, studies were conducted to address the feasibility of an exclusive bus lane (XBL) during the weekday morning peak period.[193] The XBL, first implemented in 1970, serves weekday eastbound bus traffic between 6 a.m. and 10 a.m.[194] The lane is fed by the New Jersey Turnpike at Exits 16E and 17 and New Jersey Route 3. The helix, tunnel, and terminal are owned and operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ), the bi-state agency that also implements the 2.5-mile (4.02 km) contraflow express bus left lane in three westbound lanes. The XBL serves over 1,800 buses and 65,000 bus commuters on regular weekday mornings and is a major component of the morning "inbound" commutation crossing the Hudson River.[194][195][196][197][198] Over 100 bus carriers utilize the Exclusive Bus Lane.[194] As of 2013, New Jersey Transit operates fifty-seven interstate bus routes through the Lincoln Tunnel, as do numerous regional and long-distance companies.[132]

Despite the XBL to the tunnel, there are often long delays due to congestion caused by the limited capacity of bus lanes for deboarding passengers at the bus terminal, which has reached its capacity.[199] leading to re-routing and overflow on local streets[199][200] In December 2011, the New Jersey Assembly passed a resolution calling upon the PANYNJ to address the issue of congestion.[191] Congestion contributed to a decline of the on-time performance of buses, which was 92 percent in 2012 and 85 percent in the first quarter of 2014.[173] Thomas Duane, representing New York's 29th Senate District which includes the area around PABT, has also called for reduced congestion in the neighborhood.[128][201] A consortium of regional transportation advocates, the Tri-State Transportation Campaign, have proposed a reconfiguration and expansion of the terminal, a PM westbound XBL, bus stops at other Manhattan locations, and a new bus storage depot.[201] A proposed bus garage in Midtown, so that daytime turnover buses could avoid unnecessarily traveling through the tunnel without passengers, was scrapped by the agency in October 2011.[121][202][203] In May 2012, the commissioner of NJDOT suggested that some NJ Transit routes could originate/terminate at other Manhattan locations, notably the East Side; an arrangement requiring approval of the NYC Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) to use bus stops.[204]

Notes edit

  1. ^ That address is now used by Times Square Tower.
  2. ^ NJT bus operations make up 70 percent of the terminal's traffic. Approximately 79,000 NJT riders and another 30,000 commuters on private bus lines use the terminal each morning, arriving from New Jersey, Rockland County and Orange County in the Hudson Highlands and eastern Pennsylvania.[173]

References edit

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External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Port Authority Bus Terminal.
  • Port Authority Bus Terminal Website
  • Port Authority Bus Terminal History
  • PATH station details November 29, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
  • New Jersey Transit station details
  • Competition for a Bus Terminal Replacement
  • Buses, The Lincoln Tunnel, and The Port Authority Bus Terminal

January 01, 1970
port, authority, terminal, pabt, redirects, here, icao, code, listing, bettles, airport, colloquially, known, port, authority, acronym, pabt, terminal, located, manhattan, york, city, busiest, terminal, world, volume, traffic, serving, about, buses, people, av. PABT redirects here For the ICAO code listing see Bettles Airport The Port Authority Bus Terminal colloquially known as the Port Authority and by its acronym PABT is a bus terminal located in Manhattan in New York City It is the busiest bus terminal in the world by volume of traffic 2 serving about 8 000 buses and 225 000 people on an average weekday and more than 65 million people a year 3 Port Authority Bus TerminalPort Authority Bus Terminal at Eighth Avenue and West 42nd Street in July 2019General informationLocation625 8th AvenueNew York City New YorkUnited StatesCoordinates40 45 24 N 73 59 28 W 40 75667 N 73 99111 W 40 75667 73 99111Owned byPort Authority of New York and New JerseyBus routesNew Jersey Transit Bus 101 102 105 107 108 109 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 119 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 135 136 137 138 139 144 145 148 151 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 177 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 319 320 321 324 355Bus stands223Bus operatorsSee Companies belowConnectionsNew York City Subway at 42nd Street Port Authority Bus Terminal at Times Square 42nd Street New York City Bus M11 M20 M34A SBS M42 M104 SIM8 SIM8X SIM22 SIM25 SIM26 SIM30ConstructionPlatform levels9 1 Parking1 250 spacesOther informationWebsitePABTHistoryOpenedDecember 15 1950Rebuilt1963 parking decks 1979 annex 2007 seismic retrofit Location The terminal is located in Midtown Manhattan at 625 Eighth Avenue between 40th Street and 42nd Street one block east of the Lincoln Tunnel and one block west of Times Square It is one of three bus terminals operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey PANYNJ the other two are George Washington Bridge Bus Station in Upper Manhattan and Journal Square Transportation Center in Jersey City PABT serves as a terminus and departure point for commuter routes as well as for long distance intercity bus service and is a major transit hub for residents of New Jersey It has 223 departure gates and 1 250 car parking spaces as well as commercial and retail space 4 In 2011 there were more than 2 263 million bus departures from the terminal 5 Opened in 1950 the terminal was built to consolidate several private terminals spread across Midtown Manhattan A second wing extending to 42nd Street was added in 1979 Since then the terminal has reached peak hour capacity leading to congestion and overflow on local streets It does not allow for layover parking as such buses must either use local streets and parking lots or deadhead through the tunnel PANYNJ has been unsuccessful in its attempts to expand passenger facilities through public private partnership and in 2011 it delayed construction of a bus depot annex citing budgetary constraints After considering several plans to relocate the terminal the PANYNJ released plans in 2021 to reconstruct the terminal on the same site with layover facilities Contents 1 History 1 1 Development 1 1 1 Planning 1 1 2 Construction 1 2 Original terminal 1 3 Expansions and modifications 1 3 1 First expansion 1 3 2 Decline 1 3 3 Northern annex 1 3 4 Later years 1 4 Further expansion proposals 1 4 1 Air rights 1 4 2 West Side bus depot 1 5 Replacement proposals 2 Art and advertising 3 Configuration 3 1 Information and ticketing 3 2 Gates 3 3 Retail and entertainment 3 4 Restrooms 4 Companies 4 1 Commuter lines 4 2 Airport buses 4 3 Intercity operators 4 4 Sightseeing 5 Connecting transport 6 Capacity and overflow 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksHistory edit nbsp The last of many bus terminals in Midtown at Old Penn Station In 1963 Greyhound Lines became the last company to move to PABT Before PABT was constructed there were several terminals scattered throughout Midtown Manhattan 6 some of which were part of hotels The Federal Writers Project s 1940 publication of New York A Guide to the Empire State lists the All American Bus Depot on West 42nd the Consolidated Bus Terminal on West 41st and the Hotel Astor Bus Terminal on West 45th 7 The Dixie Bus Center on 42nd Street located on the ground floor of the Dixie Hotel opened in 1930 and operated until 1959 8 The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad had coach service aboard a ferry to Communipaw Terminal in Jersey City that ran from an elegant bus terminal with a revolving bus platform in the Chanin Building at 42nd and Lexington 6 Greyhound Lines had its own facility adjacent to Pennsylvania Station and did not move into the Port Authority Bus Terminal until May 1963 9 at which time all long distance bus service to the city was consolidated at the terminal 6 Development edit Planning edit The Lincoln Tunnel between Manhattan and New Jersey opened in 1937 Within a year and a half of the tunnel s opening five companies were operating 600 interstate bus trips through the tunnel every day 10 The city opposed letting buses go through Midtown Manhattan because they caused congestion 11 A large bus terminal near the mouth of the Lincoln Tunnel was first mandated in December 1939 after the city announced that it would ban commuter buses from driving into congested parts of Midtown The ban was supposed to go into effect in January 1941 12 but New York Supreme Court Justice John E McGeehan blocked La Guardia s proposed bus ban on the grounds that it was unreasonable 13 In July 1940 at the request of New York City mayor Fiorello H La Guardia the Port of New York Authority started conducting a survey into the causes and effects of intercity and commuter bus traffic in Manhattan 14 That December Times Square Terminal Inc filed an application to build and operate a commuter bus terminal from 41st to 42nd Streets between Eighth and Ninth Avenues adjacent to the McGraw Hill Building on land owned by the McGraw Hill Publishing Company According to projections at the time the 4 million terminal could be completed within nine months 15 Manhattan Borough President Stanley M Isaacs proposed building a short 600 000 tube between the Lincoln Tunnel and the new terminal 16 The city approved the construction of the new terminal and connecting tunnel in January 1941 17 Plans for a bus terminal were delayed because of World War II which diverted resources from most projects that were not directly involved in the war effort In June 1944 the New York state government allocated 180 000 to the Port of New York Authority for studying the feasibility of constructing a bus terminal in Midtown Manhattan 18 Early the next year plans for a mid Manhattan bus terminal were presented to the different bus companies 19 While most major bus lines agreed to the plan Greyhound was already planning on expanding its then terminal near Penn Station 20 Greyhound initially opposed the terminal but withdrew its opposition in late 1947 21 Construction edit The New York City Board of Estimate approved the construction of the new terminal in January 1947 22 23 The terminal was to be built one block south of the aborted Times Square Terminal Inc site on the block bounded by 40th and 41st Streets and Eighth and Ninth Avenues 23 The Port of New York Authority began acquiring land for the terminal two months later 24 25 To finance the terminal s construction the agency issued 16 3 million in bonds in July 1947 26 27 Plans for the structural design were revised substantially in March 1948 when the Port of New York Authority added a 500 spot parking lot on the terminal s roof to be accessed via a series of ramps 28 The last industrial tenant on the future terminal s site moved away the following month 29 and the agency began relocating the first of 450 displaced families in November 1948 30 Walter McQuade designed the terminal with Vincent Marchesani as the assistant architect 31 The Port of New York Authority hosted a groundbreaking ceremony for the terminal on January 27 1949 32 33 at which point half of the site had been cleared 34 At the same time the agency began soliciting bids from concessionaires for the terminal s 50 stores 31 By the middle of the year the agency had received 500 bids from concessionaires 35 The first steel beams for the new bus terminal were installed in November 1949 36 37 and Turner Construction received a contract the next month to build the terminal s superstructure for approximately 9 2 million 38 39 The steel framework for the new terminal topped out during March 1950 40 The terminal s construction was delayed slightly by a labor strike in the middle of that year 41 Despite this the terminal was substantially complete by November 1 1950 The project had employed 1 055 men and used 1 53 million bricks and 1 22 million square feet 113 000 m2 of concrete 42 Original terminal edit nbsp There are ramps to the Lincoln Tunnel while the lower level of the North Wing connects with a tunnel under Ninth Avenue The original Mid Manhattan Bus Terminal now PABT s South Wing built in the International Style was opened on December 15 1950 43 44 The four story terminal measured 200 by 800 feet 61 by 244 m and was 65 feet 20 m tall with a 500 space parking lot and 50 stores The ground level contained 40 slips for long haul buses as well as an auxiliary platform with space for 15 more buses The second level was the main concourse and contained ticket offices waiting rooms baggage check restaurants shops a 300 seat newsreel theater and escalators to other levels The third story was the suburban concourse which was divided into three sections and contained 72 loading slips and 15 unloading slips The fourth story was for short haul buses 31 A system of pipes was embedded into the reinforced concrete ramps leading to the terminal keeping the ramps free of ice 45 The Port of New York Authority had also proposed a heliport on the roof during the terminal s construction 46 47 and the agency had authorized the construction of a ramp to the 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue subway station just before the terminal opened 48 During its first year the Port Authority Bus Terminal accommodated 40 million passengers the terminal s construction was credited with diverting 5 000 buses per day from street level bus stops 49 The terminal had replaced a series of coffee shops frequented by the elderly after the coffee shops had been demolished patrons of these establishments began meeting at the terminal instead 50 The terminal s rooftop garage was initially mostly empty 51 52 prompting the garage s operators to allow trucks to park there 53 By mid 1951 the garage was frequently fully occupied and was profitable 52 49 In the terminal s early years the Port of New York Authority constantly cleaned the terminal scrubbing the floor every night 54 Despite the large numbers of passengers who used the terminal it recorded a net loss during its first five years in part due to high operating expenses debt charges and interest costs 55 Expansions and modifications edit First expansion edit In September 1959 the Port of New York Authority announced that it would spend 19 million to increase the bus terminal s capacity by 50 percent The plans involved converting the existing parking lot atop the building with 25 spaces for long haul buses and 32 spaces for short haul buses 56 57 In addition a 1 000 space parking lot would be built above the existing roof 58 That December the Port of New York Authority approved 24 million for the expansion of the terminal and for the widening of several ramps leading from the terminal to the Lincoln Tunnel 59 Construction of the expansion took place during off peak hours to minimize disruptions to bus service 60 As part of an experiment in 1960 the Port of New York Authority installed a canopy above one of the loading slips to shield commuters from buses emissions 61 The first of 30 legs supporting the new parking lot were installed in November 1960 62 and the existing parking lot was closed the following March 63 The expansion topped out in June 1961 60 and a bridge connecting the expanded terminal with the Lincoln Tunnel was installed two months later 64 The Port of New York Authority sold 25 million in bonds for the expansions of the Port Authority Bus Terminal and George Washington Bridge in January 1962 65 The new ramps to the Lincoln Tunnel were finished the next month 66 The first 300 spaces in the new parking lot opened in April 1962 67 and the rest of the parking lot was opened in stages over the next two months 68 The new loading slips were opened in several stages and were in full operation by April 1963 69 Decline edit As early as the mid 1960s the Port Authority Bus Terminal had gained a reputation as a derelict s haven especially at night when dozens of homeless persons slept in the terminal 70 Following a New York Times report about the large homeless populations in the terminal the PANYNJ began stationing additional officers there in January 1967 to deter homeless people from sleeping there 71 The PANYNJ also added a CCTV system in 1966 in an attempt to reduce crime 72 The New York Times reported in 1969 that hustlers frequently harassed the terminal s passengers at the time the Port Authority Police Department arrested 130 people per month 73 By the early 1970s the PANYNJ had redecorated some of the terminal s spaces adding glass enclosures and rubber trees in an attempt to discourage loiterers 74 The PANYNJ also built a coffeehouse in late 1971 for elderly residents of the area who frequented the terminal 75 and the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission installed a taxi dispatch system at the terminal in 1972 76 Meanwhile the terminal still accommodated an average of 250 000 passengers daily by 1975 77 even as the number of buses traveling to the terminal had started to decline in 1968 78 Hustlers pimps prostitutes alcoholics and the homeless still frequented the terminal which also attracted runaway youth from other cities The Port Authority Bus Terminal also recorded hundreds of crimes every year by the late 1970s this was attributed in part to the lonely and derelict in the neighborhood 50 79 In March 1975 a federal judge ruled that the PANYNJ was not competent to allocate loading space to the bus companies that used the terminal since the agency had never properly studied traffic patterns at the terminal 77 The PANYNJ subsequently conducted a study of the terminal s traffic finding that the terminal handled between 750 and 800 buses during a typical morning which carried a total of 35 000 passengers 80 The Interstate Commerce Commission began investigating overcrowding at the terminal that March after receiving numerous commuter complaints that the PANYNJ and bus operators had failed to provide safe and adequate service 80 81 After the PANYNJ announced the next month that it would build an annex north of the original terminal 82 83 the ICC canceled a public hearing for its overcrowding investigation 84 One of the operators using the terminal Trailways began a rent strike in 1977 complaining that the terminal was dilapidated and that rent at the terminal was far too high 50 79 Trailways quickly ended its rent strike under threat of eviction 85 but the company criticized the terminal s safety after two people were killed there in mid 1978 86 Northern annex edit Private developer Irving Maidman had proposed erecting a second bus terminal just north of the existing terminal in 1956 87 The PANYNJ first considered expanding the bus station northward to 42nd Street as early as January 1965 88 the New York City Planning Commission endorsed the plan which was not carried out at that time 89 The PANYNJ announced plans in 1970 to expand its terminal northward and build an office tower above the north annex 90 91 The annex would have cost 80 million while the skyscraper above it would have cost 50 million 91 PANYNJ officials hoped the new annex would alleviate traffic on Eighth Avenue which was frequently congested because of double parking taxis 92 Plans for the annex were delayed for several years because of disputes between the PANYNJ and the bus companies using the terminal The PANYNJ claimed that the bus companies had refused to pay higher fees but unnamed sources affiliated with the bus companies said the construction of the World Trade Center had used up the agency s money 93 The expansion was delayed until May 1975 when PANYNJ chairman William J Ronan announced that the expansion would begin that September at a cost of 137 5 million 82 83 The project was to involve the replacement of the original terminal s curved facade with a glass curtain wall 94 the construction of a new wing with four above ground concourses and one basement improved access to the subway and a tunnel connecting with the Lincoln Tunnel 82 The project also included replacing existing escalators 95 To raise money for the annex the PANYNJ raised tolls by 50 percent on six bridges and tunnels that it operated between New York and New Jersey 96 97 That August the PANYNJ allocated another 22 million for the terminal s renovation 98 99 The additional funds were earmarked for renovating the main concourse erecting glass enclosures around 24 platforms adding entrances on Ninth Avenue refurbishing the restrooms and replacing the air conditioning system 98 Although bus traffic continued to decline during the late 1970s the PANYNJ still wished to build the annex to alleviate congestion at the existing terminal The facility handled 7 000 buses per day in 1977 as such during rush hours buses had seven minutes to unload and load all passengers 94 The North Wing was opened in 1979 100 This expansion increased capacity by 50 percent and included a new facade comprising 27 steel X shaped trusses 101 102 Assessing the facade design in 2008 Virtualtourist listed the terminal as one of the World s Top 10 Ugliest Buildings and Monuments 103 The northern annex included 50 loading slips with space for another 25 slips as well as a 15 foot wide 4 6 m arcade recessed from the 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue facades 78 Later years edit In the late 1970s and early 1980s the public considered the area around Times Square including PABT to be dangerous In an attempt to alleviate fears of crime the PANYNJ turned on some lights that had been switched off to save energy cleaned the city maintained sidewalk outside the terminal and created designated zones for hustlers and advocacy groups 95 Crime increased after the north wing was completed with 2 800 crimes being reported in 1979 and 3 300 crimes in 1983 104 During 1997 the terminal was the subject of a study coordinated by Professor Marcus Felson of Rutgers University which identified strategic changes to the building s design and area supervision with a view to reducing crime and other problems 1 In 2007 the South Wing underwent a seismic retrofit in a 52 million building code compliance project to reinforce and stabilize it against earthquakes 105 In addition architecture firm PKSB Architects was hired in 1995 to design a titanium facade a canopy above the entrance and stainless steel cladding around the terminal s ramps and bridges That project was completed in 2008 106 Further expansion proposals edit Air rights edit The PANYNJ has attempted to further expand the terminal through public private partnerships by leasing air rights over the North Wing In 1999 a 35 story building to be known as 7 Times Square a was proposed to be constructed over the North Wing and a golf driving range was to be constructed over the South Wing 107 However the project was put on hold in 2001 due to a decline in the economy following the dot com bust 108 Between 2000 and 2011 the PANYNJ worked with Vornado Realty Trust which had partnered with the Lawrence Ruben Company 109 Plans for the tower were revived in April 2007 108 That November the PANYNJ announced the terms of an agreement in which it would receive nearly 500 million in a lease arrangement for a new office tower that would also provide funds for additional terminal facilities 110 The new tower would include 1 3 million square feet 120 000 m2 of commercial space in a new office tower which was to use the vanity address 20 Times Square the addition of 60 000 square feet 5 600 m2 of new retail space in the bus terminal as well as 18 additional departure gates accommodating 70 additional buses carrying up to 3 000 passengers per hour New escalators would be installed to help move passengers more quickly between the gate area and the ground floor Construction was expected to begin in 2009 or 2010 and take four years to complete 111 112 After an architectural competition the PANYNJ selected the design by Pritzker Prize winning architect Richard Rogers from Rogers Stirk Harbour Partners for a 45 story office tower with an overall height of 855 feet 261 m 113 114 115 The agreement expired in August 2009 116 and in May 2010 Vornado was given a retroactive extension on the deadline to August 2011 117 In July 2011 Vornado announced they had found a new partner to partially finance the tower 109 but in November 2011 the new backers pulled out of the project 118 In June 2014 the PANYNJ received a higher price than anticipated for the sale of nearby property 115 million versus 100 million The value of air rights above the terminal would be higher than previously appraised thanks to rising property values in the area surrounding the terminal and an indication of the rising value air rights above the terminal 119 The agency had intentions to release a request for proposals for air rights development in 2014 2015 120 West Side bus depot edit nbsp Many buses lay over on city streets or make non passenger bus trips through the Lincoln Tunnel for daytime parking The Port Authority allows for limited layovers of buses thus requiring companies to make other arrangements during off peak hours and between trips Many park on local streets or parking lots during the day while others make a round trip without passengers through the Lincoln Tunnel to use layover facilities in New Jersey 121 Bus layover parking on city streets is regulated by the NYDOT which assigns locations throughout the city In the vicinity of PABT these are concentrated on the side streets between Ninth and Twelfth Avenues from 30th Street to 60th Street 122 Various studies and news reports have concluded that there is a need for a new bus depot in Midtown 123 124 125 126 In a joint study by New York City and PANYNJ it was determined that a preferred location for a bus depot was at Galvin Plaza located on 39th to 40th Streets between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues However this proposed location for commuter buses would not have capacity for charter buses and tour buses 123 The PANYNJ announced considerable toll increases on its crossings between New York and New Jersey in August 2011 citing as one of their reasons the construction of an 800 million new bus garage connected to the Port Authority Bus Terminal which will serve as a traffic reliever to the Lincoln Tunnel and midtown Manhattan streets saving two thirds of the empty bus trips that must make two extra trips through the tunnel each day 127 Originally included in the PANYNJ 2007 2016 Capital Plan 128 construction of the garage was scrapped by the agency in October 2011 after it cited budgetary constraints due to an arrangement whereby the toll increases would be incrementally implemented 121 In April 2012 the director of the PANYNJ reported that a proposal had been made by developer Larry Silverstein who has a memorandum of understanding to develop a property at 39th Street and Dyer Avenue near the ramps between the tunnel and the terminal to construct a bus garage with a residential tower above it 129 130 This parcel is not large enough to accommodate bus ramps and would require the use of elevators which seemed to be a new type of application for bus storage 131 The proposal has not progressed any further In 2014 the PANYNJ made an application for a 230 million grant to the Federal Transit Administration for development of the garage 120 Replacement proposals edit In June 2013 the PANYNJ commissioned an 18 month study that was to consider reconfiguration expansion and replacement options for PABT and new bus staging and storage facilities on Manhattan s West Side 3 The 5 5 million contract awarded to Kohn Pedersen Fox and Parsons Brinckerhoff would look into potential public private financing including the sale of air rights and cost sharing with private bus carriers 132 133 134 In 2016 the PANYNJ invited a number of development teams to propose ideas for replacement of the existing bus terminal 135 Subsequently in May 2019 the PANYNJ commenced the environmental review process for PABT s replacement The PANYNJ planned to host four public hearings two each in New York and New Jersey in July and September 2019 136 137 Three plans were considered building a new terminal on the site building a new terminal elsewhere or moving intercity buses elsewhere while renovations took place in the existing terminal 138 In anticipation of opportunities that reconstruction of the bus terminal will portend the Hell s Kitchen South Coalition produced its own plan for the area 139 In January 2021 the PANYNJ released plans for reconstructing the terminal on the same site with expansion of bus layover facilities 140 The PANYNJ hired architects Boston based Foster Partners and Chicago based design and engineering firm Epstein Global in August 2022 to design the new terminal 141 142 and 65 million was allocated to the project the next year 143 In January 2024 the Federal Transit Administration approved a draft environmental impact report for the replacement terminal 144 145 The PANYNJ announced revised plans for the terminal the same month which called for 3 5 acres 1 4 ha of parks a glass atrium and a main entrance on 41st Street The plans also called for two office buildings of at least 60 stories on 40th and 42nd streers 146 At the time the new terminal was planned to cost 10 billion new ramps to the terminal were to be completed by 2028 while the terminal itself was planned to be finished by 2032 144 Art and advertising edit nbsp George Rhoads s 1983 rolling ball sculpture 42nd Street Ballroom in the terminal s north building The Commuters a sculpture of three weary bus passengers and a clock salvaged from the original terminal by George Segal was unveiled in the main ticket area in 1982 147 42nd Street Ballroom a rolling ball sculpture by George Rhoads on the main floor of the North Wing was installed in 1983 148 A statue of Jackie Gleason in the guise of one of his most famous characters the bus driver Ralph Kramden stands in front of the main entrance to the original South Wing The plaque reads Jackie Gleason as Ralph Kramden Bus Driver Raccoon Lodge Treasurer Dreamer Presented by the People of TV Land 149 Triple Bridge Gateway completed in 2009 is an art installation by Leni Schwendinger Light Projects underneath the ramps connecting the tunnel and the terminal it is part of the transformation of the Ninth Avenue entrance of the South Wing 150 151 152 In July 2011 PABT became home to the world s largest mediamesh a stainless steel fabric embedded with light emitting diodes LEDs for various types of media art and advertising imagery The LED imagery facade covers 6 000 square feet 560 m2 and wraps around the corner of 42nd Street and Eighth Avenue 153 154 Configuration editInformation and ticketing edit For many years there was no timetable board displaying departures at PABT passengers were required to inquire at information booths or ticket counters for schedules and departure gates In 2015 both the Port Authority and NJ Transit installed screens listing upcoming scheduled departures though buses are not tracked so delays are not communicated via this method Tickets can be purchased on the main level ground floor of the South Wing at the main ticket plaza Greyhound Trailways and Short Line have additional ticket counters in the terminal New Jersey Transit NJT maintains a customer service counter at the terminal on the south wing main level open weekdays 155 NJT has ticket vending machines TVM throughout the terminal Effective in 2009 passengers boarding NJT buses are required to purchase a ticket before boarding 156 In April 2012 NJT began re equipping machines that would give change for those paying cash with bills rather than 1 coins 157 NJT also accepts contactless payment systems such as Apple Pay and Google Pay at TVMs NJT s mobile app and ticket windows 158 Gates edit nbsp Escalators and stairs carry passengers to individually enclosed pull through island platforms at departure gates numbered 200 and up There are 223 departure gates of either saw tooth pull in or island platform pull through design at PABT 1 At the Subway Level or lower level of both wings Gates 1 85 are predominantly used for long distance travel including buses to Canada and jitneys and during overnight hours 1 a m to 6 a m for commuter lines From 6 a m to 1 a m during the hours of normal operation Gates 200 425 numbered to indicate the different boarding areas 100 200 300 etc within the complex are accessible from the 2nd floor and serve short haul commuter lines 159 The third and fourth floors are respectively known as the 300 and 400 levels 160 Most NJ Transit routes and New Jersey private carrier commuter routes are on the 200 300 and 400 levels Retail and entertainment edit Like other transit hubs PABT has undergone a series of renovations to create a mall like sphere to promote its retail food entertainment and services spaces 161 162 There are numerous franchise stores such as Heartland Brewery Au Bon Pain Jamba Juice Starbucks Hudson News Duane Reade GNC plus a United States Postal Service branch station as well as a variety of restaurants and bars throughout the terminal 163 Frames a bowling alley previously long known as Leisure Time Bowling occupies a large space on the 2nd floor 164 165 Restrooms edit Men s and women s restrooms in the bus terminal have been the subject of media attention the women s restroom on the second floor is the terminal s busiest It acts as a makeup counter frequented by crowds daily due to its lighting large mirrors and cleanliness a noted contrast to the rest of the unpopular terminal 166 The men s restrooms are the subject of an ongoing lawsuit against the Port Authority s police department The lawsuit exposed a trend of plainclothes officers targeting homosexual or effeminate men at the bus terminal s restrooms Five officers of about 1 700 in the department were responsible for 70 percent of public lewdness arrests in 2014 the year the lawsuit was filed Most of the arrests have been for masturbation the lawsuit alleged most of the arrests are targeted at LGBT men who have not performed any wrongful acts 167 168 The Port Authority Police Department ended the practice in 2022 169 Companies edit nbsp Gates 1 85 on the lower level of the terminal are used for inter city departures The Port Authority Bus Terminal is served by the following lines 170 Commuter lines edit Academy Bus Coach USA Community Coach Rockland Coaches Short Line Suburban Trails Community Lines 171 Lakeland Bus Lines Martz Trailways 172 New Jersey Transit Routes 101 199 b OurBus Spanish Transportation Trans Bridge Lines Airport buses edit Olympia Trails to Newark Airport nbsp 174 Intercity operators edit Adirondack Trailways C amp J Coach Company OurBus Fullington Trailways Greyhound Lines Megabus OurBus Prime Peter Pan Bus Lines Short Line Sightseeing edit Gray Line New York The RIDE 175 nearby on the north side of 42nd Street and Eighth AvenueConnecting transport edit nbsp Subway entrance and cab stand on Eighth Avenue Extensive underground passageways connect various stations and PABT Direct underground passageways connect the terminal with the 1 2 3 7 lt 7 gt A C E N Q R W and S trains of the New York City Subway at the Times Square 42nd Street and 42nd Street Port Authority Bus Terminal stations 176 Several bus routes operated by New York City Bus including the M11 M20 M34A M42 and M104 local buses and the SIM8 SIM8X SIM22 SIM25 SIM26 and SIM30 Staten Island express buses stop immediately outside the terminal 177 178 In the last decade numerous jitney routes serving Hudson and Passaic counties in northern New Jersey pick up passengers inside the bus terminal or on the street outside the terminal Dollar vans operated by Spanish Transportation to Paterson and Community Lines jitneys to Journal Square use platforms on the lower level 179 Routes to Bergenline Avenue GWB Plaza and Boulevard East depart from 42nd Street outside the bus terminal s North Wing 180 181 182 183 184 185 In 2011 a controversy arose when Megabus a long distance carrier using double decker buses with the permission of the New York City Department of Transportation began to use the streets and sidewalk at the terminal The director of the PANYNJ citing safety as well as other long haul companies which paid rent to use the terminal citing unfair competitive advantage were opposed to the permission to allow the company use of 41st Street directly beneath the connection between the two wings of the Port Authority 186 Despite these concerns and complaints Megabus was initially permitted to stay 187 However the permission was withdrawn later that year 188 Megabus now largely uses street side stops near the Javits Center for pickup and Penn Station for drop off except for a limited number of routes which use PABT 189 Capacity and overflow edit nbsp The XBL or exclusive bus lane on Lincoln Tunnel in morning rush hour leads to PABT PABT is the gateway for most bus and jitney traffic entering Manhattan 190 with more than 190 000 passengers 4 on 6 000 bus trips made through the Lincoln Tunnel and terminal daily 191 The Lincoln Tunnel Approach and Helix Route 495 in Hudson County New Jersey passes through a cut and descends the Hudson Palisades to the Lincoln Tunnel PABT is located at the other end 192 Starting in 1964 studies were conducted to address the feasibility of an exclusive bus lane XBL during the weekday morning peak period 193 The XBL first implemented in 1970 serves weekday eastbound bus traffic between 6 a m and 10 a m 194 The lane is fed by the New Jersey Turnpike at Exits 16E and 17 and New Jersey Route 3 The helix tunnel and terminal are owned and operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey PANYNJ the bi state agency that also implements the 2 5 mile 4 02 km contraflow express bus left lane in three westbound lanes The XBL serves over 1 800 buses and 65 000 bus commuters on regular weekday mornings and is a major component of the morning inbound commutation crossing the Hudson River 194 195 196 197 198 Over 100 bus carriers utilize the Exclusive Bus Lane 194 As of 2013 New Jersey Transit operates fifty seven interstate bus routes through the Lincoln Tunnel as do numerous regional and long distance companies 132 Despite the XBL to the tunnel there are often long delays due to congestion caused by the limited capacity of bus lanes for deboarding passengers at the bus terminal which has reached its capacity 199 leading to re routing and overflow on local streets 199 200 In December 2011 the New Jersey Assembly passed a resolution calling upon the PANYNJ to address the issue of congestion 191 Congestion contributed to a decline of the on time performance of buses which was 92 percent in 2012 and 85 percent in the first quarter of 2014 173 Thomas Duane representing New York s 29th Senate District which includes the area around PABT has also called for reduced congestion in the neighborhood 128 201 A consortium of regional transportation advocates the Tri State Transportation Campaign have proposed a reconfiguration and expansion of the terminal a PM westbound XBL bus stops at other Manhattan locations and a new bus storage depot 201 A proposed bus garage in Midtown so that daytime turnover buses could avoid unnecessarily traveling through the tunnel without passengers was scrapped by the agency in October 2011 121 202 203 In May 2012 the commissioner of NJDOT suggested that some NJ Transit routes could originate terminate at other Manhattan locations notably the East Side an arrangement requiring approval of the NYC Department of Transportation NYCDOT to use bus stops 204 Notes edit That address is now used by Times Square Tower NJT bus operations make up 70 percent of the terminal s traffic Approximately 79 000 NJT riders and another 30 000 commuters on private bus lines use the terminal each morning arriving from New Jersey Rockland County and Orange County in the Hudson Highlands and eastern Pennsylvania 173 References edit a b c Felson Marcus et al 1996 Redesigning Hell Preventing Crime and Disorder at the Port Authority Bus Terminal PDF Preventing Mass Transit Crime Crime Prevention Studies 6 Monsey NY Criminal Justice Press Archived from the original PDF on September 27 2011 Retrieved July 24 2011 Port Authority Development Team to Build 1 3 Million Square Foot Office Tower Above Bus Terminal Press release Port Authority of NY amp NJ November 30 2007 Archived from the original on May 27 2010 Retrieved January 30 2023 a b Port authority board awards contract to conduct comprehensive study and create plan to improve and revitalize bus terminal Press release PANYNJ June 27 2013 Archived from the original on July 2 2013 Retrieved January 30 2023 a b Express Route to Better Bus Service How to Improve Bus Travel Across the Hudson River and Beyond PDF Report Tri State Transportation Campaign May 2009 Archived PDF from the original on August 16 2012 Retrieved April 20 2012 The Port Authority Bus Terminal PABT in midtown Manhattan is the largest and busiest bus passenger facility in the world Used by both public and private bus carriers the terminal has 223 bus gates 1 250 spaces of public parking along with commercial and retail space Haddon Heather September 4 2012 Late Starts On N J Buses The Wall Street Journal ISSN 0099 9660 Archived from the original on February 19 2015 Retrieved April 16 2023 a b c Gray Christopher November 4 2011 A Bus Terminal Overshadowed and Unmourned The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on January 6 2012 Retrieved April 16 2023 Federal Writers Project 1940 New York A Guide to the Empire State New York State Historical Association ISBN 9781603540315 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved November 2 2020 Dixie Bus Depot Closes Its Doors After 29 Years The New York Times July 2 1957 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on September 7 2017 Retrieved April 16 2023 Greyhound Starts Using the Port Authority Terminal The New York Times May 1 1963 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 3 More Bus Lines Get Tube Permits Present Service of 600 Trips Daily Through Lincoln Tunnel Will Be Doubled The New York Times March 19 1939 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 28 2018 City Opposes Rise in Bus Travel Here Petition to I C C Protests Grants to Nine Applicants for Service to Midtown The New York Times April 1 1939 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 28 2018 Interstate Buses to Be Barred Here in Congested Zones Mayor Orders Ban Effective on Jan 1 1941 To Include Interurban Carriers The New York Times December 11 1939 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 28 2018 v Order Excluding Interstate and Interurban Lines Held in Excess of Police Power The New York Times February 19 1941 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Bus Survey Points to New Terminal Port Authority Acting at the Mayor s Request Seeks to Provide Facilities The New York Times July 18 1940 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Huge Bus Terminal to Rise on 42d St at 4 000 000 Cost Bus Terminal Proposed for the Midtown Tunnel Transients The New York Times December 8 1940 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Isaacs Opens Fight for City Bus Tube He Heads Group Asking for 600 000 to Build Tunnel to 42d St Terminal The New York Times December 17 1940 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 City Enters Deal for Bus Terminal Will Build Link to Lincoln Tunnel From Private Depot at 42d St and 8th Ave The New York Times 1941 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Bus Project Here is Aided by State Planning Board Allots 180 000 for Port Authority Plans for 9 000 000 Terminal The New York Times June 7 1944 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Bus Lines Get Plan for Union Station Port Authority Project to Cost 13 000 000 Has Full Backing of 13 Support of Others Another Plea to Greyhound The New York Times March 13 1945 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Mayor Urges Bus Depot Be Built Despite Opposition of Greyhound Most Other Lines Have Approved Big Union Terminal He Is Told Warns He Will Fight Any Special Privilege The New York Times November 21 1945 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Bedolis Robert A November 8 1947 Greyhound Drops Plan to Build New Terminal East of 8th Av Bows to City s Opposition Without a Court Test Won t Use Port Authority s New Terminal Will Operate From 2 Present Stations New York Herald Tribune p 1 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1337219148 McConnell David January 31 1947 Port Authority Bus Terminal Project Wins Estimate Board Adopts Plan by Mayor Killing Greyhound s Proposal Big Midlown Depot To Cost 17 500 000 Site Is Between 8th and 9th Avs 40th to 41st Completion in 49 Seen New York Herald Tribune p 1 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1291272865 a b Conklin William R January 31 1947 New Bus Terminal is Approved Here to Cost 17 500 000 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on March 29 2018 Retrieved March 29 2018 Ingalls Leonard March 16 1947 Port Authority Buys First Land For Bus Station Acquires Two Vacant Lots for West Side Terminal Between 40th and 41st New York Herald Tribune p 1 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1269880997 Bus Depot Land Bought Port Authority Gets 2 Parcels for Terminal in Forties The New York Times March 16 1947 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Municipal News N Y Port Authority Awards 16 3 Million Terminal Bond Issue The Wall Street Journal July 17 1947 p 9 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 131678408 Bus Depot Bonds Draw Close Bids Port Authority Awards Issue of 16 350 000 at 1 4404 to Drexel Glore Group The New York Times July 17 1947 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Ingraham Joseph C March 22 1948 Roof Parking for 500 Cars Added to Bus Terminal Plan Port Authority to Spend Extra 1 000 000 for New Facility 400 Tenants Still on Site Delay Start on Building The New York Times Archived from the original on March 30 2018 Retrieved March 30 2018 Bus Terminal Agreement Last Industrial User Will Quit Site of Proposed Structure The New York Times April 9 1948 Archived from the original on March 30 2018 Retrieved March 30 2018 Port Authority Offers Homes to Ousted Families 24 Apartments Available for Tenants Displaced for Union Bus Terminal Site New York Herald Tribune November 20 1948 p 2 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1336639447 a b c Ingraham Joseph C January 22 1949 Only 50 Rentable Units Will Be Available in 20 000 000 Structure Passenger Comfort Ice Free Ramps Featured The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 15 2023 A Notable Ground breaking The New York Times January 28 1949 Archived from the original on March 30 2018 Retrieved March 30 2018 Kihss Peter January 28 1949 Ground Broken For Midtown Bus Terminal Dewey at the Ceremonies Discloses His Efforts to Settle Idlewild Dispute New York Herald Tribune p 1 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1327121752 Bus Terminal Excavation Will Start on Jan 27 Cullman Says 20 000 000 Four Level Building May Be Ready by July 1950 Sketch of Projected Eighth Avenue Bus Terminal New York Herald Tribune January 16 1949 p 3 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1325286957 New Shops Sought for Bus Terminal Port Authority Invites Bids Bowling Alley Laundry Bank Suggested The New York Times August 11 1949 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Steelwork is Raised for New Bus Station The New York Times November 24 1949 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 15 2023 Retrieved April 15 2023 Price Ben November 24 1949 First Steel Column Set in Place For New Union Bus Terminal Framework Rising on Port Authority Building To Be Ready Late in 50 New York Herald Tribune p 2 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1326894635 Terminal Contract Let Port Authority Accepts Turner Bid on Midtown Bus Station The New York Times December 18 1949 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Bus Terminal Contract Is Let For 9 194 759 Superstructure To Be Built by Turner Work To Be Done by November 50 New York Herald Tribune December 18 1949 p 49 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1341923737 Steel Completed for Bus Terminal Topping Off the New Bus Terminal The New York Times March 10 1950 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Building Slowed as Strikes Go on Deadlocks Seen in Walkouts of Steamfitters and Drivers Bus Terminal Is Affected No End to Deadlock Seen The New York Times July 21 1950 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Midtown Bus Terminal World s Largest Completed on Schedule Will Open Dec 15 The New York Times November 2 1950 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 17 2023 The New York Times December 16 1950 New Bus Terminal Has Smooth Start Coming Into the New Bus Terminal The New York Times Archived from the original on March 30 2018 Retrieved March 30 2018 Bus Terminal s First Travelers Are Fresh Airs 15 Children Off to Jersey Friendly Towns 9 Hours Before Official Opening New York Herald Tribune December 15 1950 p 25 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1326879585 No Ice at Bus Terminal Pipes Under Concrete Ramps to Carry Thawing Solution The New York Times October 30 1950 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Graham Frederick February 7 1950 Port Body Urges Helicopter Lines Offers Field stop Its Bus Terminal Port Body Urges Helicopter Lines Offers Field Atop Its Bus Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Talbert Ansel E February 7 1950 Port Authority Proposes to Add Helicopter Roof to Bus Terminal New York Herald Tribune p 1 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1327399138 Ramp Will Link Subway With New Bus Terminal The New York Times September 11 1950 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved February 12 2023 a b Bus Terminal Gains 4 Million Riders in Year 5 000 Buses Kept Off City Streets Daily Revenue Up 71 to 2 246 000 New York Herald Tribune December 14 1952 p 48 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1313649737 a b c Lescaze Lee November 14 1977 N Y C Bus Station A Terminal Illness The Washington Post p A4 ISSN 0190 8286 ProQuest 146686247 Fulbright Newton H January 9 1951 60 Cars Parked Bus Terminal s Roof Holds 467 Lot Only Half Filled Once Many Drivers Call Rates Too High for Midtown New York Herald Tribune p 17 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1318529914 a b 500 Car Parking Area Atop Bus Terminal Operating at Near Capacity After Slow Start The New York Times April 27 1951 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Truck Storage Allowed On Bus Terminal Roof The New York Times March 11 1951 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Alden Robert November 5 1951 Terminal Sparkle No Lick n dab Job a Nightly Cleaning for Port Authority Bus Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Port Authority Terminal 5 Years Old Still in Red The New York Times December 15 1955 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Expansion is Set for Bus Terminal 19 000 000 Port Authority Plan to Add Capacity With New Superstructure The New York Times September 14 1959 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Port Authority Plans New Floor Atop Bus Terminal New York Herald Tribune September 14 1959 p 18 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1325661820 Bus Depot Grows as Riders Watch 20 Million Port Authority Work Goes On in Traffic The New York Times November 16 1960 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Port Authority Widens 2 Plans Additional Funds Approved for Piers at Elizabeth and Bus Terminal The New York Times December 11 1959 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 a b Stengben Bernard June 22 1961 Final 20 Ton Girder Is Hoisted 110 Feet to Bus Terminal Roof The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Robinson Layhmond June 22 1960 Port Authority Again Attacks Bus Terminal Fume Problem The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 P A Garage To Get First Leg Today Bus Terminal Parking Project New York Herald Tribune November 22 1960 p 25 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1324132549 MacGregor Greg March 20 1961 Bus Riders Await New Moving Stair Opening Due Tomorrow at Port Authority Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Port Authority Terminal Linked To Lincoln Tunnel by a Bridge The New York Times August 10 1961 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Port Authority Raises 25 Million Bonds Will Finance Work on Bridge Bus Terminal The New York Times January 5 1962 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Gossett Carl T February 22 1962 Bus Terminal Ramps Ready But Not Parking Lots The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Barrett Tom April 3 1962 New Midtown Parking Area Ins and Outs New York Herald Tribune p 25 ISSN 1941 0646 ProQuest 1325319678 1 000 Parking Spots Open at Bus Station The New York Times May 27 1962 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Loading Changed at Bus Terminal New Level at 8th Ave Goes Into Full Operation The New York Times April 15 1963 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Phillips McCandlish January 8 1967 Bus Terminal at Night A Derelict s Haven Bus Terminal at Night Derelict Haven The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Phillips McCandlish January 10 1967 Policemen Added at Bus Terminal Six Assigned to Cut Down on Drifters Late at Night The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Pace Eric April 16 1966 TV Keeps Eye on Bus Terminal Newest Show Helps Police in Building The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 McFadden Robert D October 20 1969 Hustlers Harass Bus Terminal Hustlers Harassing City s Bus Terminal Travelers The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Montgomery Paul L July 3 1971 Bus Terminal Awash With Travelers The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 19 2023 Montgomery Paul L October 15 1971 Bus Terminal Habitues Get Own Coffeehouse The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 Clark Alfred E September 24 1972 Bus Terminal Will Start Taxi Dispatching System on Tuesday The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 a b Burks Edward C March 6 1975 Inquiry Urged on the Assigning Of Platforms at Bus Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 a b Burks Edward C March 31 1976 Bus Terminal Expansion Is Pushed The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 a b New York s Lost Terminal Newsday November 15 1977 p 19 ISSN 2574 5298 ProQuest 964313432 a b Burks Edward C April 2 1975 Inquiry of Congestion Ordered At Bus Terminal in Midtown The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 ICC to Take First Look At Bus Terminal Service The Wall Street Journal March 28 1975 p 2 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 134017289 a b c Burks Edward C May 9 1975 Expansion of Port Authority Bus Terminal to Start in September The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 a b New York New Jersey To Expand Bus Depot The Wall Street Journal May 9 1975 p 11 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 134022396 ICC Shelves Investigation Of Bus Station in New York The Wall Street Journal June 17 1975 p 43 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 134001463 Trailways Ends Its Rent Strike At Port Authority Bus Terminal The New York Times December 10 1977 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 23 2023 Trailways Assails Operation of Depot After 2 Are Slain The New York Times May 28 1978 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 23 2023 8th Ave May Get Second Bus Depot Real Estate Man Proposes to Build One Right Next to Port Authority Facility The New York Times June 26 1956 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Fowler Glenn January 22 1965 Bus Terminal Planning Annex With McGraw Hill Office Space The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Approval Is Seen For 8th Ave Wing To Bus Terminal The New York Times February 3 1965 ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 New York Port Authority Sets Bus Terminal Expansion The Wall Street Journal July 28 1970 p 31 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133491271 a b Ingraham Joseph C July 28 1970 Skyscraper Is Planned Over Expanded Bus Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Prial Frank J September 12 1971 Bus Terminal Extension Is Seen Easing Traffic The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 19 2023 Smith Terence December 2 1973 Bus Annex Plans Mired in Debate The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 19 2023 a b Blumenthal Ralph November 17 1977 At World s Busiest Bus Terminal New Space and Old Ills The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 a b Port Authority Shines Up Its Image Newsday Associated Press September 24 1978 p 10 Retrieved April 19 2023 Burks Edward C April 11 1975 Port Authority Increases Tolls at Crossings by 50 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 New York New Jersey Port Authority Says It Will Boost Tolls 50 The Wall Street Journal April 11 1975 p 7 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 133994787 a b 22 Million Voted to Improve Port Authority Station The New York Times August 15 1975 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved April 22 2023 New York Bus Terminal Set For Further Modernization The Wall Street Journal August 18 1975 p 13 ISSN 0099 9660 ProQuest 120304754 Guide to Civil Engineering Projects In and Around New York City 2nd ed Metropolitan Section American Society of Civil Engineers 2009 pp 79 80 History of the Port Authority Bus Terminal Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Archived from the original on June 3 2012 Retrieved May 29 2012 New York Architecture Images Port Authority Bus Terminal Nyc architecture com Archived from the original on June 26 2014 Retrieved June 5 2014 Travel Picks 10 top ugly buildings and monument Reuters November 14 2008 Archived from the original on October 6 2010 Retrieved September 17 2009 Greer William R June 11 1984 As Port Authority Bus Terminal Has Expanded So Has Problem of Crime The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on April 16 2023 Retrieved April 16 2023 Dunlap David W November 16 2007 What s Shaking at the Port Authority City Room Archived from the original on May 29 2012 Retrieved April 16 2023 Schneider Jay W September 2009 Special Recognition Triple Bridge Gateway Port Authority Bus Terminal New York N Y Building Design amp Construction Vol 50 no 9 p 34 ProQuest 210953901 Bagli Charles V October 1 1999 Tower to Rise Above Port Authority Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on August 23 2009 Retrieved April 16 2023 a b Bagli Charles V April 25 2007 Port Authority Is Reviving Plans for Bus Station Tower The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on June 5 2015 Retrieved 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British Are Coming The New York Times Archived from the original on January 9 2011 Retrieved January 7 2011 Arak Joey November 17 2008 Richard Rogers Gets Port Authority Nod Rendering Revealed Curbed New York City Archived from the original on July 25 2011 Retrieved January 7 2011 Brown Eliot July 22 2009 Short Authority Vornado s Bus Tower Pulling Out The New York Observer Archived from the original on January 11 2010 Retrieved September 27 2010 Brown Eliot May 18 2010 Vornado Given More Time Again to Build Bus Terminal Tower The New York Observer Archived from the original on July 25 2010 Retrieved January 7 2011 Bagli Charles V November 14 2011 Plan for Bus Terminal Tower Is Dropped The New York Times Archived from the original on December 28 2016 Retrieved May 25 2012 Higgs Larry June 26 2014 Port Authority land deal could benefit bus terminal Asbury Park Press Retrieved June 30 2014 a b Rubinstein Dana April 1 2014 Port plans for 42nd Street bus terminal tower take shape Crains Archived from the original on July 14 2014 Retrieved July 5 2014 a b c Boburg Shawn Rouse Karen October 3 2011 Cut in toll hike killed funds for 800M garage PA says The Record Archived from the original on October 4 2011 Retrieved December 3 2011 Authorized Bus Layover Locations in Manhattan PDF NYCDOT November 1 2011 Archived PDF from the original on May 28 2012 Retrieved May 28 2012 a b Daly William H Rappaport William December 2010 Midtown Tour and Charter Bus Parking Initiative PDF Report Mayor s Midtown Citizens Committee Archived PDF from the original on March 23 2016 Retrieved May 28 2012 New Report and Website Offer Speedier Bus Commute Across the Hudson River Report calls for Port Authority to prioritize bus trips for 100 million annual passengers Tri State Transportation Campaign May 14 2009 Archived from the original on November 14 2012 Retrieved April 20 2012 Chernetz Janna April 28 2011 NJ Transportation Funding Plan Would Shortchange Bus Riders Mobilizing the Region Tri State Transportation Campaign Archived from the original on April 30 2011 Retrieved April 29 2011 Grossman Andrew April 19 2011 Bus Terminal Hits Limit The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on June 11 2015 Retrieved April 29 2011 Faced with constrained capacity due to historic economic recession coupled with billions in WTC and post 9 11 security costs and unprecedented need for infrastructure overhaul Port Authority proposes toll and fare increase Press release PANYNJ August 5 2011 Archived from the original on July 5 2012 Retrieved May 28 2012 a b Duane Thomas K January 20 2011 Proposed Bus Garage for PABT Letter to Christopher Ward Director PANYNJ Archived from the original on July 20 2011 Retrieved December 3 2011 Chaban Matt April 26 2012 Silverstein Beats Vornado to the Port Authority Punch Again Proposes New Bus Terminal on West 39th Street The New York Observer Archived from the original on May 9 2012 Retrieved May 28 2012 Smerd Jeremy April 25 2012 Provocative proposal made for new bus garage Crain s New York Business Archived from the original on April 3 2017 Retrieved May 28 2012 Rubenstein Dana May 1 2012 Can special elevators spare Manhattan bound buses those pointless trips back to New Jersey Capital New York Archived from the original on June 4 2012 Retrieved May 28 2012 a b Strunsky Steve June 27 2013 Port Authority looking into expanding replacing Manhattan bus terminal The Star Ledger Archived from the original on July 1 2013 Retrieved June 27 2013 Goldmark Alex June 27 2013 NYC s Port Authority Bus Terminal Could Get Replaced Transportation Nation WNYC Archived from the original on July 1 2013 Retrieved June 28 2013 Fleigneheimer Matt June 27 2013 Port Authority to Consider Bus Terminal Renovation The New York Times Archived from the original on May 15 2018 Retrieved June 28 2013 Port Authority of NY amp NJ Bus Terminal Competition www pabtcompetition com Archived from the original on December 25 2016 Retrieved January 26 2017 Spivack Caroline May 23 2019 Plans to replace Midtown s Port Authority Bus Terminal inch forward Curbed NY Archived from the original on May 23 2019 Retrieved May 24 2019 Plans to Replace Port Authority Bus Terminal Move Forward NBC New York May 23 2019 Archived from the original on May 24 2019 Retrieved May 24 2019 Barone Vincent May 24 2019 Goal to replace midtown bus terminal becoming a reality am New York Archived from the original on May 24 2019 Retrieved May 24 2019 HKSC HKSC Archived from the original on June 10 2020 Retrieved February 8 2021 McGeehan Patrick Hu Winnie January 21 2021 Notorious Port Authority Bus Terminal May Get a 10 Billion Overhaul The New York Times Archived from the original on January 24 2021 Retrieved January 25 2021 Higgs Larry August 4 2022 Architects hired to design new multi billion dollar Midtown Manhattan bus terminal nj Archived from the original on August 8 2022 Retrieved August 8 2022 Hickman Matt August 4 2022 Foster Partners and Epstein tapped to lead Port Authority Bus Terminal replacement project Archpaper Archived from the original on August 7 2022 Retrieved August 7 2022 Higgs Larry July 5 2023 Port Authority Bus Terminal replacement gets 65M infusion of cash nj Retrieved February 2 2024 a b Simko Bednarski Evan February 1 2024 10 billion rebuild of Port Authority Bus Terminal one step closer to completion New York Daily News Retrieved February 2 2024 Nessen Stephen February 1 2024 Port Authority moves ahead with 10B replacement of Midtown s miserable bus terminal Gothamist Retrieved February 2 2024 McGeehan Patrick February 1 2024 A Look at the 10 Billion Design for a New Port Authority Bus Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved February 2 2024 Sculptor George Segal s Model Commuters Are a Study in Terminal Patience People Magazine June 7 1982 Archived from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved May 29 2012 42nd Street Ballroom restoration Technicalcalcurator Archived from the original on January 15 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Introduces New Procedure to Speed Boarding at Port Authority Bus Terminal Press release New Jersey Transit September 17 2009 Archived from the original on April 10 2012 Retrieved May 30 2012 Frassinelli Mike April 18 2012 NJ Transit changes the way they handle change Pilot program trades coins for bills The Star Ledger Archived from the original on June 1 2012 Retrieved May 30 2012 Go Contactless New Jersey Transit Archived from the original on June 5 2012 Retrieved June 4 2012 Terminal Map PABT PANYNJ Archived from the original on June 3 2012 Retrieved May 30 2012 Higgs Larry August 6 2015 Where is this mysterious third floor at Port Authority Ask CommutingLarry nj Archived from the original on April 18 2023 Retrieved April 17 2023 Pincus Adam August 31 2011 The malling of Manhattan The Real Deal Archived from the original on August 21 2012 Retrieved May 30 2012 Port Authority Bus Terminal Public Spaces Project Archived from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved May 30 2012 Retail Map PABT PANYNJ Archived from the original on June 3 2012 Retrieved May 30 2012 Kleinfeld N R January 4 2010 True Economic Barometer How about Bowling The New York Times Archived from the original on December 13 2012 Retrieved May 30 2012 The best places to go bowling in NYC Time Out November 22 2016 Archived from the original on February 3 2019 Retrieved February 3 2019 Dimon Laura August 22 2019 New York s Hottest Makeup Counter The Port Authority Bathroom The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 14 2021 Retrieved February 8 2021 New Reports Highlight Behavior of Port Authority Police in Lewd Act Arrests The Appeal July 12 2019 Archived from the original on February 14 2021 Retrieved February 8 2021 Goldstein Joseph October 8 2014 Lawyers Challenge Lewdness Arrests at Port Authority Bus Terminal The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on February 14 2021 Retrieved February 8 2021 Closson Troy Wong Ashley June 1 2022 Port Authority Settlement Will End Undercover Bathroom Patrols The New York Times Archived from the original on June 2 2022 Retrieved June 2 2022 Carriers amp Routes Port Authority Bus Terminal The Port Authority of NY amp NJ www panynj gov Archived from the original on December 11 2017 Kennedy Boulevard Port Authority jerseyjitneys info January 3 2014 Archived from the original on October 26 2017 Martz Trailways martztrailways com Archived from the original on June 18 2012 a b Strunsky Steve June 30 2014 Trying to end the long hot wait for a new Port Authority Bus Terminal The Star Ledger Archived from the original on July 7 2014 Retrieved July 1 2014 Newark Airport Express Coach USA Archived from the original on May 25 2012 Retrieved May 25 2012 Interactive New York Sightseeing Experience The Ride Archived from the original on December 12 2017 Connections Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Archived from the original on December 5 2022 Retrieved April 17 2023 Manhattan Bus Map PDF 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Boburg Shawn December 7 2011 Lawmakers urge PA to reduce bus delays The Record Bergen County Bergen County Archived from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved December 14 2011 Roberts Richard Baer Frederic S May 1987 Improving Trans Hudson Bus Access PDF ITE Journal Institute of Transportation Engineers Archived from the original PDF on January 15 2013 Retrieved April 20 2012 New York New York USA Bus Lanes and Limited Stop Service PDF TCRP Report 90 Report Vol 1 Transit Cooperative Research Program FTA Archived PDF from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved April 20 2012 a b c The Lincoln Tunnel Exclusive Bus Lane Port Authority of New York amp New Jersey 2009 Archived from the original on March 26 2012 Retrieved April 4 2012 Home L Quelch G January 1991 Route 495 Exclusive Bus Lane A 20 year Success Story World Transit Research Archived from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved April 4 2012 Lincoln Tunnel HOT Lane Feasibility Study PDF Port Authority of New York amp New Jersey 2009 Archived PDF from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved April 4 2012 Anderson Steve NJ 495 Freeway Eastern Roads Archived from the original on February 28 2009 Retrieved February 11 2009 Lincoln Tunnel Exclusive Bus Lane Enhancement Study PDF Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Archived from the original PDF on June 27 2008 Retrieved February 13 2009 a b Grossman Andrew April 19 2011 Bus Terminal Hits Limit The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on June 11 2015 Retrieved April 29 2011 Chernetz Janna April 28 2011 NJ Transportation Funding Plan Would Shortchange Bus Riders Tri State Transportation Campaign Archived from the original on April 30 2011 Retrieved April 29 2011 a b New Report and Website Offer Speedier Bus Commute Across the Hudson River Report calls for Port Authority to prioritize bus trips for 100 million annual passengers Tri State Transportation Campaign May 14 2009 Archived from the original on November 14 2012 Retrieved April 20 2012 Port Authority Scraps Bus Garage Cites Money Issues WNBC New York October 3 2011 Archived from the original on October 26 2011 Retrieved April 30 2012 Cichowski John October 7 2011 Road Warrior Delaying bus garage expansion is senseless The Record Bergen County Archived from the original on October 4 2013 Retrieved October 8 2013 Rouse Karen May 9 2012 NJ DOT commissioner proposes bypassing Manhattan bus terminal for some routes The Record Bergen County Archived from the original on January 15 2013 Retrieved May 9 2012 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Port Authority Bus Terminal Port Authority Bus Terminal Website Port Authority Bus Terminal History PATH station details Archived November 29 2019 at the Wayback Machine New Jersey Transit station details Competition for a Bus Terminal Replacement Guide to the Port Authority Bus Terminal Buses The Lincoln Tunnel and The Port Authority Bus Terminal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Port Authority Bus Terminal amp oldid 1223857503, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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