2019 Nigerian general election

General elections were held in Nigeria on 23 February 2019 to elect the President, Vice President, House of Representatives and the Senate.^[1][2][3][4] The elections had initially been scheduled for 16 February, but the Electoral Commission postponed the vote by a week at 03:00 on the original polling day, citing logistical challenges in getting electoral materials to polling stations on time.^[5] In some places, the vote was delayed until 24 February due to electoral violence.^[6] Polling in some areas was subsequently delayed until 9 March, when voting was carried out alongside gubernatorial and state assembly elections.^[7]

2019 Nigerian general election

← 2015 23–24 February 2019 2023 →
Registered	82,344,107
Presidential election
Turnout	34.75% (8.90pp)
Nominee Muhammadu Buhari Atiku Abubakar Party APC PDP Running mate Yemi Osinbajo Peter Obi States carried 19 17 + FCT Popular vote 15,191,847 11,262,978 Percentage 55.60% 41.22%
States won by Abubakar (in green) and Buhari (blue)
President before election Muhammadu Buhari APC Elected President Muhammadu Buhari APC
National Assembly election
Party Leader % Seats +/– Senate APC Ahmed Ibrahim Lawan 63 +3 PDP Bukola Saraki 45 −3 YPP Ifeanyi Ubah 1 New House of Representatives APC Femi Gbajabiamila 202 −10 PDP Yakubu Dogara 128 −12 APGA Victor Ikechukwu Oye 9 +4 ADC 3 +3 AA 2 New PRP 2 +2 ADP 1 New APM 1 New LP Mike Omotosho 1 0 SDP Olu Falae 1 0 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

The elections were the most expensive ever held in Nigeria, costing ₦69 billion (US$625 million)^[8] more than the 2015 elections.^[9][10]

Incumbent president Muhammadu Buhari won his re-election bid, defeating his closest rival Atiku Abubakar by over 3 million votes. He was issued a Certificate of Return,^[11][12] and was sworn in on 29 May 2019, the former date of Democracy Day.^[13]

Electoral system

The President of Nigeria is elected using a modified two round system, to be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive a majority of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least 24 of the 36 states. If no candidate passes this threshold, a second round is held.^[14]

The 109 members of the Senate were elected from 109 single-seat constituencies (three in each state and one for the Federal Capital Territory) by first-past-the-post voting.^[15] The 360 members of the House of Representatives were also elected by first-past-the-post voting in single-member constituencies.^[16]

Presidential candidates

Party primaries

PDP

The People's Democratic Party held its presidential primaries on 5 October 2018, at the Adokiye Amiesimaka Stadium, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Thirteen aspirants contested for the ticket of the PDP, with Atiku Abubakar emerging the winner.^[17]

Candidate	Votes	%
Atiku Abubakar	1,532	48.6
Aminu Tambuwal	693	22.0
Bukola Saraki	317	10.1
Rabiu Kwankwaso	158	5.0
Ibrahim Dankwambo	111	3.5
Sule Lamido	96	3.0
Ahmed Makarfi	74	2.3
Tanimu Turaki	65	2.1
Attahiru Bafarawa	48	1.5
David Mark	35	1.1
Jonah Jang	19	0.6
Datti Ahmed	5	0.1
Total	3,153	100
Source: The Punch^[18]

APC

Though some party members aspired for office of the president, notably, Dr. SKC Ogbonnia, Chief Charles Udeogaranya, and Alhaji Mumakai-Unagha, the incumbent President Muhammadu Buhari was selected as the sole candidate of the All Progressives Congress party primaries held on 29 September 2018 amidst charges of imposition.^[19]

Other candidates

• Chike Ukaegbu, founder of Startup52, is the presidential candidate of AAP.^[20]
• Donald Duke, a former governor of Cross River State, is the presidential candidate of the SDP.^[21]
• Fela Durotoye, motivational speaker and presidential candidate of Alliance for New Nigeria.^[22]
• Oby Ezekwesili, former Minister of Education and leader of the Bring Back Our Girls campaign.^[23] She ended her campaign on January 24, 2019 to combine support with other candidates to support a bid against APC and PDP.^[24]
• Tope Fasua, founder and National Chairman of the Abundant Nigeria Renewal Party.^[25]
• Rabiu Kwankwaso, former governor of Kano State.^[26]
• Sule Lamido, a former governor of Jigawa State.^[27]
• Ahmed Makarfi, former chairman of the People's Democratic Party National Caretaker Committee.^[25]
• Obadiah Mailafia, former Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria and candidate of the African Democratic Congress.^[28]
• Kingsley Moghalu, former Deputy Governor of the CBN and Professor of Practice at Tufts University's Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.^[29]
• Gbenga Olawepo-Hashim, oil business mogul and presidential candidate for the Peoples Trust.^[30]
• Remi Sonaiya, member of the KOWA Party and former university lecturer.^[31]
• Omoyele Sowore, human rights activist, pro-democracy campaigner and publisher of news website Sahara Reporters.^[32]
• Kabiru Tanimu Turaki, former Minister of Special Duties.^[25]

Presidential debates

A presidential and vice-presidential debate was organised by the Nigerian Elections Debate Group (NEDG) and the Broadcasting Organisations of Nigeria (BON), with invitations extended to five of the 78 presidential candidates. The Debate Group explained the exclusion of other candidates as a measure to ensure the effectiveness of the debate and not an endorsement of the candidates chosen.^[33][34]

The vice presidential debate was held on 14 December 2018, at the Transcorp Hilton Hotels in Abuja. All invited vice presidential candidates were present, with candidates discussing health, education, security, economy and foreign affairs policies plans.^[35][36][37]

The presidential debate occurred on 19 January 2019, and took place at the same venue. The two leading presidential contestants were absent, with Atiku Abubakar leaving the venue upon discovering that Muhammadu Buhari was absent. Fela Durotoye (ANN), Oby Ezekwesili (ACPN) and Kingsley Moghalu (YPN) continued the debate, while criticising the absence of the others. Mark Eddo moderated the debate.^[38][39]

Opinion polls

Poll source	Date	Sample size	Abubakar PDP	Buhari APC	Others	Notes
Seamfix^[40]^[41]	9 November 2018 – 4 January 2019	2,440	48%	25%	31%
NigeriaVotes^[42]	19 November 2018 – 26 February 2019	11,326	32%	42%	26%

Conduct

Immediately following the elections there were claims of widespread fraud by the opposition. The claims included accusations of ballot box snatching, vote-trading and impersonation. There were also claims that caches of explosives were found by police.^[43][44] Losing candidate Atiku Abubakar filed a case in the Nigerian supreme court citing widespread irregularities in the polls . However the court dismissed his case, saying that Atiku has failed to prove widespread fraud committed by the electoral team of Buhari. The court also dismissed an allegation which said that Buhari lied about his academic background.^[45]

The African Union said the elections were "largely peaceful and conducive for the conducting of credible elections." The electoral commission also described the elections as mostly peaceful.^[46] On the contrary, US-based organisation Freedom House severely criticised the conduct, saying that they were marred by irregularities and intimidation.^[47]

Results

President

The results of the presidential election were announced in the early hours of 27 February 2019.^[48]

Candidate		Running mate	Party	Votes	%
	Muhammadu Buhari	Yemi Osinbajo	All Progressives Congress	15,191,847	55.60
	Atiku Abubakar	Peter Obi	People's Democratic Party	11,262,978	41.22
	Felix Nicolas	Ado Baba	Peoples Coalition Party	110,196	0.40
	Obadiah Mailafia	Nasiru Tanimowo Nurain Bolanle	African Democratic Congress	97,874	0.36
	Gbor John Wilson Terwase	Gerald Chukwueke Ndudi	All Progressives Grand Alliance	66,851	0.24
	Yabagi Sani	Olateru Olagbegi Martin Kunle	Action Democratic Party	54,930	0.20
	Akhimien Davidson Isibor	Hamman Ibrahim Modibbo	Grassroots Development Party of Nigeria	41,852	0.15
	Ibrahim Aliyu Hassan	Adeleke Adesoji Masilo Aderemi	African Peoples Alliance	36,866	0.13
	Donald Duke	Shehu Musa Gabam	Social Democratic Party	34,746	0.13
	Omoyele Sowore	Rufai Rabiu Ahmed	African Action Congress	33,953	0.12
	Da-Silva Thomas Ayo	Muhammad Aisha Abubakar	Save Nigeria Congress	28,680	0.10
	Shitu Mohammed Kabir	Olayemi Memunat Mahmud	Advanced Peoples Democratic Alliance	26,558	0.10
	Yusuf Mamman Dantalle	Prince Duru Nwabueze	Allied Peoples' Movement	26,039	0.10
	Kingsley Moghalu	Abdullahi Umma Getso	Young Progressives Party	21,886	0.08
	Ameh Peter Ojonugwa	Edun Kehinde	Progressive Peoples Alliance	21,822	0.08
	Isaac Babatunde Ositelu	Nafiu Muhammad Lawal	Accord Party	19,219	0.07
	Fela Durotoye	Abdullahi Khadijah Iyah	Alliance for New Nigeria	16,779	0.06
	Bashayi Isa Dansarki	Adepoju Oluwatoyin Grace	Masses Movement of Nigeria	14,540	0.05
	Osakwe Felix Johnson	Mohammed Alhaji Ali	Democratic People's Party	14,483	0.05
	Abdulrashid Hassan Baba	Uchendu Uju Peace Ozoka	Action Alliance	14,380	0.05
	Nwokeafor Ikechukwu Ndubuisi	Ali Abdullahi	Advanced Congress of Democrats	11,325	0.04
	Maina Maimuna Kyari	Oluwole Yetunde Folake	Northern People's Congress	10,081	0.04
	Victor Okhai	Iyan Tama Hamisu Lamido	Providence Peoples Congress	8,979	0.03
	Chike Ukaegbu	Safiya Ibrahim Ogoh	Advanced Allied Party	8,902	0.03
	Oby Ezekwesili	Galadima Ganiyu Oseni	Allied Congress Party of Nigeria	7,223	0.03
	Ibrahim Usman Alhaji	Nwafor-Orizu Onwa	National Rescue Movement	6,229	0.02
	Ike Keke	Johnson Omede	New Nigeria People's Party	6,111	0.02
	Moses Ayibiowu	Idoko Michael Emaiku	National Unity Party	5,323	0.02
	Awosola Williams Olusola	Seiyefa Fetepigi	Democratic Peoples Congress	5,242	0.02
	Muhammed Usman Zaki	Akpan Tom Ezekiel	Labour Party	5,074	0.02
	Eke Samuel Chukwuma	Musa Hadiza Aruwa	Green Party of Nigeria	4,924	0.02
	Nwachukwu Chuks Nwabuikwu	Tijjani Aisha Ali	All Grassroots Alliance	4,689	0.02
	Hamza al-Mustapha	Opara Robert	Peoples Party of Nigeria	4,622	0.02
	Shipi Moses Godia	Okwuanyasi Abiola Kika Shaliat	All Blended Party	4,523	0.02
	Chris Okotie	Binutu Adefela Akinola	Fresh Democratic Party	4,554	0.02
	Tope Fasua	Yakubu Aminu Zakari	Abundant Nigeria Renewal Party	4,340	0.02
	Onwubuya	Ahmad Muhammad Nourayni	Freedom And Justice Party	4,174	0.02
	Asukwo Mendie Archibong	Ite Donald-Ekpo	Nigeria For Democracy	4,096	0.01
	Ahmed Buhari	Nwagu Kingsley Philip	Sustainable National Party	3,941	0.01
	Salisu Yunusa Tanko	James Funmi	National Conscience Party	3,799	0.01
	Shittu Moshood Asiwaju	Okere Evelyn	Alliance National Party	3,586	0.01
	Obinna Uchechukwu Ikeagwuonu	Omotosho Emmanuel	All People's Party	3,585	0.01
	Balogun Isiaka Ishola	Shuaibu Muhammad	United Democratic Party	3,170	0.01
	Obaje Yusufu Ameh	Sule Olalekan Ganiyu	Advanced Nigeria Democratic Party	3,104	0.01
	Chief Umenwa Godwin	Ibrahim Saheed Olaika	All Grand Alliance Party	3,071	0.01
	Israel Nonyerem Davidson	Hassan Dawud Jidda	Reform and Advancement Party	2,972	0.01
	Ukonga Frank	Musa Saidu Shuaibu	Democratic Alternative	2,769	0.01
	Santuraki Hamisu	Ufondu Chinwe Florence	Mega Party of Nigeria	2,752	0.01
	Funmilayo Adesanya-Davies	Mercy Olufunmilayo Ibeneme	Mass Action Joint Alliance	2,651	0.01
	Gbenga Olawepo-Hashim	Agwuncha Nwankwo Arthur	Peoples Trust	2,613	0.01
	Ali Soyode	Abdullahi Balkisu Mustapha	Yes Electorates Solidarity	2,394	0.01
	Nsehe Nseobong	Abuh Mohammed	Restoration Party of Nigeria	2,388	0.01
	Ojinika Geff Chizee	Yakubu Usman U.	Coalition for Change	2,391	0.01
	Rabia Yasai Hassan Cengiz	Uhuegbu Chineme Justice	National Action Council	2,279	0.01
	Eunice Atuejide	Bello Muhammad Jibril	National Interest Party	2,248	0.01
	Dara John	Abubakar Salisu	Alliance of Social Democrats	2,146	0.01
	Fagbenro-Byron Samuel Adesina	Ado Ummar Abbas	Kowa Party	1,911	0.01
	Emmanuel Etim	Adeola Zainab Hazzan	Change Nigeria Party	1,874	0.01
	Chukwu-Eguzolugo Sunday Chikendu	Salihu Iman Aliyu	Justice Must Prevail Party	1,853	0.01
	Madu Nnamdi Edozie	Adamu Abubakar	Independent Democrats	1,845	0.01
	Osuala Chukwudi John	Muhammad Falali	Re-build Nigeria Party	1,792	0.01
	Albert Owuru Ambrose	Yahaya Shaba Haruna	Hope Democratic Party	1,663	0.01
	David Esosa Ize-Iyamu	Kofar Mata Maryam Umar	Better Nigeria Progressive Party	1,649	0.01
	Inwa Ahmed Sakil	Nkwocha Echemor Nkwocha	Unity Party of Nigeria	1,631	0.01
	Akpua Robinson	Ahmadu Umaru	National Democratic Liberty Party	1,588	0.01
	Mark Emmanuel Audu	Okeke Moses	United Patriots	1,561	0.01
	Ishaka Paul Ofemile	Vincent Akinfelami Akinbanai	Nigeria Elements Progressive Party	1,524	0.01
	Kriz David	Azael Vashi Chechera	Liberation Movement	1,438	0.01
	Ademola Babatunde Abidemi	Tataji Aisha Asabe	Nigeria Community Movement Party	1,378	0.01
	A. Edosomwan Johnson	Nasiru Mohammed	National Democratic Liberty Party	1,192	0.00
	Angela Johnson	Zayyanu Abubakar	Alliance for a United Nigeria	1,092	0.00
	Abah Lewis Elaigwu	Omohimua Michael Okojie	Change Advocacy Party	1,111	0.00
	Nwangwu Uchenna Peter	Adebiwale Olaurewaju Odunlade	We The People Nigeria	732	0.00
Total				27,324,583	100.00
Valid votes				27,324,583	95.49
Invalid/blank votes				1,289,607	4.51
Total votes				28,614,190	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				82,344,107	34.75
Source: Independent National Electoral Commission

By state

2019 Presidential Election Results By State

State	Buhari		Atiku		Nicolas		Sowore		Moghalu		Durotoye		Duke		Mailafia
	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%	Votes	%
Abia	85,058	26.31	219,698	67.96	1,489	0.46	212		88	0.22	720		472		336
Adamawa	378,078	46.59	410,266	50.55	3,670	0.45	282		109		162		978		3,989
Akwa Ibom	175,429	30.31	395,832	68.39	1,902	0.33	222		118		95		92		230
Anambra	33,298	5.50	524,738	86.63	4,374	0.72	124		4,091		45		932		227
Bauchi	798,428	77.95	209,313	20.43	2,104	0.21	183		112		46		516		296
Bayelsa	118,821	36.93	197,933	61.51	1,584	0.49	126		50		37		124		1,078
Benue	347,668	47.70	356,817	48.95	2,793	0.38	309		557		201		4,927		554
Borno	836,496	90.94	71,788	7.80			269		78		29		322		301
Cross River	117,302	27.80	295,737	70.10			242		217		88		1,395		326
Delta	221,292	26.67	594,068	71.59			1,626		497		320		1,745		1,075
Ebonyi	90,726	25.26	258,573	72.00			205		192		683		452		213
Edo	267,842	47.77	275,691	49.17			3,106		531		273		184		850
Ekiti	219,231	57.52	154,032	40.41			400		68		88		48		406
Enugu	54,423	12.93	355,553	84.45			219		1,379		141		130		348
Gombe	402,961	72.71	138,484	24.99			165		39		78		248		248
Imo	140,463	27.46	334,923	65.47			467		676		119		772		541
Jigawa	794,738	71.84	289,895	26.21			226		67		66		5,011		261
Kaduna	993,445	59.72	649,612	39.05			243		196		261		1,737		558
Kano	1,464,768	77.45	391,593	20.71			416		200		114		635		591
Katsina	1,232,133	79.21	308,056	19.8			186		61		82		150		237
Kebbi	581,552	76.86	154,282	20.39			276		53		99		2,376		285
Kogi	285,894	54.87	218,207	41.88			250		87		89		2,226		4,369
Kwara	308,984	67.22	138,184	30.06			401		140		422		212		456
Lagos	580,825	53.31	448,015	41.12			8,910		5,733		6,946		770		2,915
Nassarawa	289,903	49.92	283,847	48.87			75		44		45		359		339
Niger	612,371	71.88	218,052	25.59			324		113		145		239		588
Ogun	281,762	49.94	194,655	34.50			3,196		553		1,509		1,374		25,283
Ondo	241,769	43.48	275,901	49.62			4,414		1224		311		1,618		6,296
Osun	347,634	48.64	337,377	47.21			1,022		189		268		259		1,525
Oyo	365,229	43.66	366,690	43.83			4,014		1,608		1,896		766		40,830
Plateau	468,555	45.28	548,665	53.02			268		442		796		599		590
Rivers	150,710	23.47	473,971	73.81			372		415		365		1,244		597
Sokoto	490,333	56.24	361,604	41.47			181		184		84		301		331
Taraba	324,906	45.58	374,743	52.57			116		80		35		862		211
Yobe	497,914	89.01	50,763	9.08			137		36		37		180		162
Zamfara	438,682	75.84	125,423	21.68			186		44		24		81		186
FCT	152,224	35.91	259,997	61.33			583		1,083		652		410		246
Total	15,191,847	55.60	11,262,978	41.22	110,196	0.40	33,953		21,886		16,779		34,746		97,874
Source: BBC, This Day, Vanguard^[49]^[50]^[51]

Senate

Main article: 2019 Nigerian Senate election

Senate President Bukola Saraki (PDP) was defeated in Kwara Central by the APC candidate.^[52]

Currently, 64 incumbent Senators will not be returning as members of the Ninth Senate, having been defeated during the elections. While the APC will have a simple majority of votes in the Senate, it will not have a supermajority (74 votes), meaning it cannot push through constitutional amendments on its own. Three Senate seats have yet to be filled.^[53]

Party		Seats	+/–
	All Progressives Congress	63	+3
	People's Democratic Party	45	–4
	Young Progressives Party	1	New
Total		109	0
Source: INEC, INEC, Order Paper

House of Representatives

Main article: 2019 Nigerian House of Representatives election

Party		Seats	+/–
	All Progressives Congress	202	–10
	People's Democratic Party	128	–12
	All Progressives Grand Alliance	9	+4
	African Democratic Congress	3	+4
	Action Alliance	2	New
	People's Redemption Party	2	+2
	Action Democratic Party	1	New
	Allied Peoples Movement	1	New
	Labour Party	1	0
	Social Democratic Party	1	0
	Vacant	10	+10
Total		360	0
Source: INEC, Order Paper

Governors

Main article: 2019 Nigerian gubernatorial elections

On 2 March 2019, elections were held for governors of 29 of the 36 states of Nigeria. Elections were suspended on the original date in Rivers State. They were later held on April 3, where the INEC declared that incumbent Wike won re-election.^[54][55]

Party		Seats
	All Progressives Congress	16
	People's Democratic Party	15
No election held		5
Total		36
Source: INEC

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