The Nāgarī script or Northern Nagari[7] of Kashi[citation needed] is the ancestor of Devanagari, Nandinagari and other variants, and was first used to write Prakrit and Sanskrit. The term is sometimes used as a synonym for Devanagari script.[8][9] It came in vogue during the first millennium CE.[10]
Inscribed life-sized ShravastiBodhisattva statue inscribed in 1st-century Brahmi script (first three lines) and 9th-century Nagari script (last line).[5][6]
The Nāgarī script has roots in the ancient Brahmi script family.[9] Some of the earliest epigraph evidence attesting to the developing Sanskrit Nāgarī script in ancient India is from the 1st to 4th century CE inscriptions discovered in Gujarat.[11] The Nāgarī script was in regular use by 7th century CE, and had fully evolved into Devanagari and Nandinagari scripts by about the end of first millennium of the common era.[8][12][13]
Nagari comes from नगर (Nagara), which means city.[14]
Origins
The Nāgarī script appeared in ancient India as a central-eastern variant of the Gupta script (whereas Śāradā was the western variety and Siddham was the far eastern variety). In turn it branched off into several scripts, such as Devanagari and Nandinagari.[citation needed]
Usage outside India
The 7th century Tibetan king Songtsen Gampo ordered that all foreign books be transcribed into the Tibetan language, and sent his ambassador Tonmi Sambota to India to acquire alphabetic and writing methods, who returned with a Sanskrit Nāgarī script from Kashmir corresponding to twenty-four (24) Tibetan sounds and innovating new symbols for six (6) local sounds.[15]
The museum in Mrauk-u (Mrohaung) in the Rakhine state of Myanmar held in 1972 two examples of Nāgarī script. Archaeologist Aung Thaw describes these inscriptions, associated with the Chandra, or Candra, dynasty that first hailed from the ancient Indian city of Vesáli:[16]
... epigraphs in mixed Sanskrit and Pali in North-eastern Nāgarī script of the 6th century dedicated by [Queen] Niti Candra and [King] Vira Candra
^ abHandbook of Literacy in Akshara Orthography, R. Malatesha Joshi, Catherine McBride(2019),p.27
^Daniels, P.T. (January 2008). "Writing systems of major and minor languages". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Masica, Colin (1993). The Indo-Aryan languages. p. 143.
^Richard Salomon (1992), Indian Epigraphy, Oxford University Press, p. 81
^D.R. Sahni (1911), Sahet-Mahet plate of Govinda Chandra Samvat 1186, Epigraphia Indica, Volume XI, pp. 20–26
^Tripathi, Kunjabihari (1962). The Evolution of Oriya Language and Script. Utkal University. p. 28. Retrieved 21 March 2021. Northern Nāgarī (almost identical with modern Nagari)
^ abKathleen Kuiper (2010), The Culture of India, New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, ISBN978-1615301492, page 83
^ abGeorge Cardona and Danesh Jain (2003), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Routledge, ISBN978-0415772945, pages 68-69
^"Devanagari through the ages". India Central Hindi Directorate (Instituut voor Toegepaste Sociologie te Nijmegen). University of California. 1967.
^Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency, p. 30, at Google Books, Rudradaman’s inscription from 1st through 4th century CE found in Gujarat, India, Stanford University Archives, pages 30-45
^Richard Salomon (2014), Indian Epigraphy, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0195356663, pages 33-47
^Pandey, Anshuman. (2017). Final proposal to encode Nandinagari in Unicode.
^Monier Williams Online Dictionary, nagara, Cologne Sanskrit Digital Lexicon, Germany
^William Woodville Rockhill, Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, p. 671, at Google Books, United States National Museum, page 671
^Aung Thaw (1972). Historical sites in Burma. Rangoon: Ministry of Union Culture, Government of the Union of Burma. OCLC 65722346.
February 17, 2023
nāgarī, script, northern, nagari, kashi, citation, needed, ancestor, devanagari, nandinagari, other, variants, first, used, write, prakrit, sanskrit, term, sometimes, used, synonym, devanagari, script, came, vogue, during, first, millennium, nāgarīthe, word, n. The Nagari script or Northern Nagari 7 of Kashi citation needed is the ancestor of Devanagari Nandinagari and other variants and was first used to write Prakrit and Sanskrit The term is sometimes used as a synonym for Devanagari script 8 9 It came in vogue during the first millennium CE 10 NagariThe word Nagari in the Nagari script Script typeAbugidaTime periodEarly signs 1st century CE Developed form 7th century CELanguagesSanskrit Prakrit Old Javanese Old SundaneseRelated scriptsParent systemsProto Sinaitic alphabet a Phoenician alphabet a Aramaic alphabet a BrahmiGuptaSiddhaṃ 1 2 3 4 NagariChild systemsDevanagari Kaithi Nandinagari Gujarati ModiSister systemsBengali Assamese script Odia script 2 Nepalese a The Semitic origin of the Brahmic scripts is not universally agreed upon This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet IPA For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA For the distinction between and see IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters Inscribed life sized Shravasti Bodhisattva statue inscribed in 1st century Brahmi script first three lines and 9th century Nagari script last line 5 6 The Nagari script has roots in the ancient Brahmi script family 9 Some of the earliest epigraph evidence attesting to the developing Sanskrit Nagari script in ancient India is from the 1st to 4th century CE inscriptions discovered in Gujarat 11 The Nagari script was in regular use by 7th century CE and had fully evolved into Devanagari and Nandinagari scripts by about the end of first millennium of the common era 8 12 13 Contents 1 Etymology 2 Origins 3 Usage outside India 4 See also 5 ReferencesEtymology EditNagari comes from नगर Nagara which means city 14 Origins EditThe Nagari script appeared in ancient India as a central eastern variant of the Gupta script whereas Sarada was the western variety and Siddham was the far eastern variety In turn it branched off into several scripts such as Devanagari and Nandinagari citation needed Usage outside India EditThe 7th century Tibetan king Songtsen Gampo ordered that all foreign books be transcribed into the Tibetan language and sent his ambassador Tonmi Sambota to India to acquire alphabetic and writing methods who returned with a Sanskrit Nagari script from Kashmir corresponding to twenty four 24 Tibetan sounds and innovating new symbols for six 6 local sounds 15 The museum in Mrauk u Mrohaung in the Rakhine state of Myanmar held in 1972 two examples of Nagari script Archaeologist Aung Thaw describes these inscriptions associated with the Chandra or Candra dynasty that first hailed from the ancient Indian city of Vesali 16 epigraphs in mixed Sanskrit and Pali in North eastern Nagari script of the 6th century dedicated by Queen Niti Candra and King Vira Candra Aung Thaw Historical sites in Burma 1972 Coppern plates in Nagari script 1035 CE Nagari Script 01 Nagari Script 02See also EditBrahmi script Brahmic scripts Devanagari Nandinagari Sylheti Nagri Eastern Nagari LipiReferences Edit https archive org details epigraphyindianepigraphyrichardsalmonoup 908 D mode 2up p39 41 dead link a b Handbook of Literacy in Akshara Orthography R Malatesha Joshi Catherine McBride 2019 p 27 Daniels P T January 2008 Writing systems of major and minor languages a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Masica Colin 1993 The Indo Aryan languages p 143 Richard Salomon 1992 Indian Epigraphy Oxford University Press p 81 D R Sahni 1911 Sahet Mahet plate of Govinda Chandra Samvat 1186 Epigraphia Indica Volume XI pp 20 26 Tripathi Kunjabihari 1962 The Evolution of Oriya Language and Script Utkal University p 28 Retrieved 21 March 2021 Northern Nagari almost identical with modern Nagari a b Kathleen Kuiper 2010 The Culture of India New York The Rosen Publishing Group ISBN 978 1615301492 page 83 a b George Cardona and Danesh Jain 2003 The Indo Aryan Languages Routledge ISBN 978 0415772945 pages 68 69 Devanagari through the ages India Central Hindi Directorate Instituut voor Toegepaste Sociologie te Nijmegen University of California 1967 Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency p 30 at Google Books Rudradaman s inscription from 1st through 4th century CE found in Gujarat India Stanford University Archives pages 30 45 Richard Salomon 2014 Indian Epigraphy Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0195356663 pages 33 47 Pandey Anshuman 2017 Final proposal to encode Nandinagari in Unicode Monier Williams Online Dictionary nagara Cologne Sanskrit Digital Lexicon Germany William Woodville Rockhill Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution p 671 at Google Books United States National Museum page 671 Aung Thaw 1972 Historical sites in Burma Rangoon Ministry of Union Culture Government of the Union of Burma OCLC 65722346 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nagari script amp oldid 1136748544, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
