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List of police reforms related to the George Floyd protests

November 11, 2023

During the nationwide protests that followed the murder of George Floyd, protesters, politicians, religious leaders, and other groups called for police reform in the United States. This has led to laws, proposals, and public directives at all levels of government to address police misconduct and systemic racial bias, as well as police brutality in the United States.[1][2] Some of the common reforms involve bans on chokeholds and no-knock warrants, and improvements to police data collection procedures.

Background edit

Further information: Murder of George Floyd

On May 25, 2020, George Floyd, an African-American man, was murdered by a white police officer, Derek Chauvin, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. A video of the incident depicting Chauvin kneeling on Floyd's neck for an extended period, attracted widespread outrage leading to local, national, and international protests and demonstrations against police brutality and racism in policing.[3][4]

Unrest began as local protests in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area of Minnesota then quickly spread, across the U.S. and internationally. The protests are part of a wider Black Lives Matter movement, which began after the 2012 acquittal of George Zimmerman in the killing of Trayvon Martin. Police reforms have been a central part of the movement's demands, and protesters after Floyd's murder articulated several desired outcomes, some of which have been addressed by federal, state, or local lawmakers.[5][6][7][8]

Federal edit

Justice in Policing Act of 2020 edit

Main article: George Floyd Justice in Policing Act

In June 2020, Democrats in Congress introduced the Justice in Policing Act of 2020, a police reform and accountability bill that contains measures to combat police misconduct, excessive force, and racial bias in policing.[9] Advocates and lawmakers have tried to pass police reform measures in the past, and their efforts received renewed energy after the high-profile killings of Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and other African Americans at the hands of police.[1][10][11] The bill includes several provisions which aim to improve oversight, accountability, training, and documentation while placing restrictions on techniques like chokeholds and use of deadly force.[1] It was introduced on June 8, but failed to clear a procedural vote in the Senate. The bill was re-introduced in 2021, but again failed to reach a full Senate vote. As of July 2022 no additional progress has been made.[12]

George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act edit

Main article: George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act

The George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act is a civil rights bill proposed in the United States House of Representatives by Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX), co-sponsored by Jerry Nadler (D-NY), Ilhan Omar (D-MN), and Jason Crow (D-CO).[13] The bill would implement national policing standards and accreditations, require agencies to share policing data with the Department of Justice, and make grants available for new programs that help departments recruit, hire, or increase oversight. It also requires the Department of Justice to assemble a task force responsible for law enforcement misconduct cases.[13] This bill was adjoined with the Justice in Policing Act of 2020, which failed to pass.

Ending Qualified Immunity Act edit

Main article: Ending Qualified Immunity Act

The Ending Qualified Immunity Act is a police reform bill proposed in the United States House of Representatives by Justin Amash (L-MI-3), cosponsored by 39 members of the House.[14] The bill would remove the judicial doctrine of qualified immunity that protects law enforcement personnel from being held personally responsible for violating the rights of citizens.[15][16] When introducing the bill, Amash stated that "The brutal killing of George Floyd by Minneapolis police is merely the latest in a long line of incidents of egregious police misconduct. This pattern continues because police are legally, politically, and culturally insulated from consequences for violating the rights of the people whom they have sworn to serve. That must change so that these incidents of brutality stop happening."[15] The bill failed to receive a House or Senate vote. It was reintroduced in 2021, but again failed to receive a vote in either chamber.[17]

Executive Order on Safe Policing for Safe Communities edit

On June 16, 2020, President Donald Trump signed the Executive Order on Safe Policing for Safe Communities, which calls for independent credentialing bodies certified by the United States attorney general, and provides financial incentives for departments which work to attain those credentials. The credentials would be based on criteria set by the attorney general, and should include a ban on chokeholds "except in those situations where the use of deadly force is allowed by law" as well as "policies and training regarding use-of-force and de-escalation techniques; performance management tools, such as early warning systems that help to identify officers who may require intervention; and best practices regarding community engagement." The order also calls for creating a national database with information about "instances of excessive use of force". Regarding police interactions with people with mental health issues or struggling with homelessness or addiction, the order calls for increased training, increasing the capacity for mental health professionals and social workers to work with law enforcement, and researching community-support models.[18][19][20][21][22]

States and municipalities edit

Arizona edit

Phoenix edit

In May 2021 the city of Phoenix formed the Office of Accountability in Transparency, which investigates Phoenix Police shootings, in-custody deaths, and duty-related incidents where a person dies or suffers serious injury.[23]

Arkansas edit

On June 9, 2020, Arkansas Governor Asa Hutchinson signed an executive order to create a police task force to “deal with police training, certification, and standards.”[24] The purpose of the task force is to study and review policies of de-certification, community policing, and recommended means of "enhancing the trust of law enforcement."[24]

California edit

 
Mural in Oakland, CA

On June 5, 2020, California Governor Gavin Newsom called for new police crowd control procedures for the state and the banning of the police use of carotid chokeholds, which starve the brain of oxygen.[25] California Attorney General Xavier Becerra has recommended nine key reforms for local police departments in California, including banning the use of chokeholds, requiring officers to de-escalate situations and give verbal warning before using force, and requiring officers to intervene to stop another officer from using excessive force.[26]

Berkeley edit

On June 9, 2020, the city of Berkeley permanently banned police from using tear gas.[27]

Davis edit

On June 6, 2020, the Davis Police Department announced that it would prohibit officers from using chokeholds, and would require officers to intervene when observing colleagues using improper levels of force.[28]

Fresno edit

In 2020 Fresno's Police chief Paco Balderrama formed a commission to reform the Fresno Police Department. In 2021 Balderrama announced reforms based on the commission's recommendations. The reforms amend the workplace discrimination policy to allow the discriminated the same protections as witnesses, remedies conditions that deter female applicants, disbands the Homeless Task Force, documents corrective action in employee's personnel file, updates the use of force policy, prohibits officers from reaching into moving vehicles, and requires the use of de-escalation techniques.[29]

Los Angeles edit

On June 3, 2020, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti has said he would cut as much as $150 million from the Los Angeles Police Department's budget,[30] a reversal of his planned increase of $120 million.[31] Garcetti announced the funds would be redirected to community initiatives.[31]

Sacramento edit

On June 30, 2020, Sacramento City Council members voted on an agreement to appoint an Inspector General to investigate use-of-force incidents involving the Sacramento Police Department.[32]

San Diego edit

On June 1, 2020, San Diego Police Department announced an immediate ban on carotid chokeholds, which starve the brain of oxygen.[33] Similarly, San Diego resident and Brazilian jiu-jitsu World Champion Andre Galvão called for all first responders to be trained in grappling to avoid fatalities.[34]

San Francisco edit

 
San Francisco, CA

On June 11, 2020, the city of San Francisco announced plans for police to stop responding to non-criminal activities such as neighbor disputes, reports on homeless people, and school discipline interventions. Under the proposal, police will be replaced with trained and non-armed professionals.[35]

Vallejo edit

Touro University California banned the Vallejo Police Department from using its campus for training.[36] The university's decision came after the shooting of Sean Monterrosa and after the release of a statement from the Vallejo police union which criticized protests of the killing by police.[36]

Colorado edit

On June 13, 2020, the Colorado General Assembly passed SB20-217, banning the use of chokeholds, banning the use of tear gas without announcing it or allowing people to disperse, removing the qualified immunity defense, and requiring all officers to use body cameras by July 1, 2023.[37]

Denver edit

On June 7, 2020, Denver Police Department banned the use of chokeholds without exception and established new reporting requirements whenever a police officer points a gun at a person.[38] The department will also require its SWAT teams to activate body cameras during tactical operations.[38]

Connecticut edit

On June 15, 2020, Connecticut Governor Ned Lamont imposed a series of reforms on the Connecticut State Police.[39]

On July 31, 2020, Governor Lamont signed into law a sweeping police accountability bill.[40] The bill increased state oversight of police officers, strengthened the use-of-force standard, banned consent searches in traffic stops, established an Inspector General to investigate police shootings, and weakened qualified immunity protections for officers.

Hartford edit

In June 2020 the Hartford City Council voted to reduce the Hartford Police Department's budget and reallocate some funds to social services.[41]

District of Columbia edit

 
Black Lives Matter Plaza

On June 10, 2020, Washington, D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser announced that she would sign the D.C. Council's emergency legislation to ban the use of neck restraints, tear gas, pepper spray, rubber bullets, and stun grenades by police.[28] The council has also passed legislation regarding the release of body camera footage.[28]

Florida edit

Hialeah edit

The Hialeah Police Department announced it would no longer authorize the use of the Applied Carotid Triangle Restraint unless a justified need for deadly force is present.[42]

Miami-Dade County edit

Miami-Dade Police Department director Alfredo Ramirez III announced a ban on neck restraints during arrests.[42]

Tampa edit

In June 2020 Tampa Mayor Jane Castor announced that the Florida Department of Law Enforcement would investigate all Tampa Police Department shootings as opposed to the Tampa Police Department themselves. Castor also announced officers would officially be required to intervene if they witnessed excessive force and chokeholds were banned, two policies she stated were already in practice unofficially.[43]

Georgia edit

Atlanta edit

On June 15, 2020, Atlanta Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms announced a series of administrative orders for police reform, including requirements for reporting deadly force and for training and use of de-escalation techniques.[44]

Illinois edit

Chicago edit

On June 15, 2020, Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot announced the creation of a task force to review the Chicago Police Department's use of force policies.[45] Lightfoot said the department overhauled its policies after the DOJ's oversight agreement and scathing report following the murder of Laquan McDonald but also said it was worth checking if the policies have withstood “the test of time.”[45]

Indiana edit

Anderson edit

On June 11, 2020, the mayor and the police chief of Anderson banned police from using chokeholds.[46]

Gary edit

On June 11, 2020, Gary Mayor Jerome Prince established a police reform commission to evaluate the police department's use of force practices and policies.[47]

Iowa edit

On June 12, 2020, Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds signed a police reform bill that bans chokeholds with certain exceptions, and prohibits the police from hiring convicted felons.[48] The bill also requires police to take annual anti-bias and deescalation training for and allows the prosecution of officers for a criminal offense resulting in the death of a human being.[48]

Iowa City edit

On June 17, 2020, the Iowa City City Council passed a resolution addressing systemic racism and law enforcement policies. Among the 17 points included restructuring the Iowa City Police Department to community policing, banning the use of chokeholds, ensuring officers have not committed serious misconduct, reviewing body camera and in-car recorder systems, requiring officers to intervene when excessive force is used, and prohibiting the use of tear gas, rubber bullets, and flash bangs against peaceful protesters.[49]

Kentucky edit

Louisville edit

On June 11, 2020, the Louisville Metro Council unanimously passed Breonna's Law to ban the use of no-knock warrants and requiring police to turn their body cameras on before carrying out a search. The law is named after Breonna Taylor, who was killed during a no-knock search by police in Louisville in March 2020. The public outcry after her death has been a significant part of the Black Lives Matter protests which gained intensity after the murder of George Floyd.[28][50][51]

Kansas edit

Wichita edit

The Wichita Police Department added "new language" to its policies on chokeholds, officers intervening in excessive force, and rendering aid.[52]

Louisiana edit

New Orleans edit

In June, 2020, New Orleans Chief of Police Shaun Ferguson announced that the New Orleans Police Department would be adopting several new policy changes in an effort to address community concerns. In alignment with the #8cantwait movement, changes included officers being required to employ de-escalation tactics exhaustively before announcing to discharge weapons, the use of chokeholds being banned, and requiring officers to intervene and stop excessive force used by other officers; reporting these incidents immediately to a supervisor.[53]

Maryland edit

On April 10, 2021, the Maryland General Assembly overrode Governor Larry Hogan's vetoes to enact comprehensive policing reforms. Changes to the state laws and policies include limits to no-knock warrants, body camera requirements, and a repeal of the state's police Bill of Rights.[54]

Baltimore County edit

The Baltimore County Council passed legislation that bans police from using chokeholds, encourages officers to intervene if they witness excessive force, and provides whistleblower protection to officers who report excessive force.[55]

Massachusetts edit

In the wake of the murder of George Floyd, State Senate President Karen Spilka announced the creation of a racial justice advisory group led by State Senators Sonia Chang-Diaz and William Brownsberger to draft legislation in response to police brutality,[56][57] which was subsequently passed and signed into law by Governor Charlie Baker.[58] This sweeping police reform law, An Act relative to justice, equity and accountability in law enforcement in the Commonwealth,[59] is notable for pioneering multiple novel approaches to police reform.[60] For example, the law created a first-in-the-nation civilian-led commission to standardize the certification and decertification of police officers, with the power to conduct independent investigations into police misconduct,[59] and also created the first state-wide restriction on law enforcement's use of facial recognition technology in the United States.[60] The bill furthermore banned the use of chokeholds and created a duty to intervene for police officers when witnessing another officer using force inappropriately.[59] The law was hailed as "robust" by commentators, including the ACLU's Director of Racial Justice, who noted that it created "probably the strongest" police oversight commission in the country.[61]

Michigan edit

On May 28, Michigan State Senator Jeff Irwin introduced Senate Bill 945 which would require the addition of "implicit bias, de-escalation techniques, and mental health screening" as part of the Michigan Commission on Law Enforcement Standards certification process for new law enforcement officers.[62] The bill was drafted before the murder of George Floyd in response to the broader problem of police brutality. It passed the State Senate unanimously on June 4.[63]

Detroit edit

On August 27, 2020, the Detroit Board of Police Commissioners announced Detroit Police would be banned from using chokeholds. They also announced restrictions on firing at and from a moving vehicle, requirements for officers to report excessive force, and measures for reporting when officers threaten to use force.[64]

Minnesota edit

On July 21, 2020, the Minnesota state legislature passed major police reform legislation.[65] The new compromise law includes a limited ban on police from using chokehold restraint in the state of Minnesota so long as the officers were not at greater risk.[65] However, the law also bans the old warrior training program, which was regarded as dehumanizing people and encouraging aggressive conduct.[65] The law also requires additional training for Minnesota peace officers.[65] Also signed into law was a statutory duty to intercede. Section 626.8475 of the Minnesota statutes requires peace officers to intercede in the event of unlawful use of deadly force or excessive force, and when present and able to do so. The section also mandates officers report excessive force within 24 hours of observing it.[66] The police reform legislation was signed into law by Minnesota Governor Tim Walz on July 23, 2020.[67]

Minneapolis edit

 
Graffiti and political messages on a boarded up store in Minneapolis, June 4
Further information: George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul § Police reform, and 2021 Minneapolis Question 2

The widescale protests are a reaction to the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police, making it one of the major protest locations in the weeks that followed, and a significant public scrutiny of its law enforcement policies. On June 5, 2020, the Minneapolis City Council and the Minnesota Department of Human Rights agreed to a temporary restraining order requiring Minneapolis to update its procedures to ban chokeholds and other neck restraints by police, such as the one an officer used when murdering George Floyd.[68] The order also went further by requiring police officers to report and intervene against the use of excessive force by other officers, and requiring authorization from the police chief or deputy police chiefs before using crowd-control weapons such as chemical agents and rubber bullets.[69][70]

Nine members of the Minneapolis City Council  – a veto-proof majority – pledged on June 7 to dismantle the city's police department, despite opposition from the city's mayor, Jacob Frey.[71][72] On June 26, 2020, a proposed amendment was approved by the Minneapolis City Council[73] On August 5, 2020, the Minneapolis City Charter Commission cancelled plans to put the proposed city charter amendment which was passed by the Minneapolis City Council on the November 2020 ballot.[74]

The University of Minnesota and Minneapolis Public Schools changed their relationship with the city's police force, with the city's school board voting to cut ties with the department.[75] The Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board also voted unanimously to have the park police cut ties with the city's police force, and to change park police uniforms and vehicles to distinguish them from Minneapolis police.[76]

On June 10, 2020, Police Chief Medaria Arradondo announced the police department is withdrawing from union contract negotiations as a first step towards police reforms.[77]

Furthermore, on December 10, 2020, the city council voted to redirect $8 million of the police budget towards community alternatives while keeping the current number of police officers in the department.[78]

Missouri edit

Kansas City edit

On June 4, 2020, Kansas City Mayor Quinton Lucas announced a series of police reforms, including whistleblower protections, independent review of officer-involved shootings, and use of body cameras by police officers.[79]

Nebraska edit

Omaha edit

Omaha Police Chief Todd Schmaderer and Omaha Mayor Jean Stothert announced several changes to the department's use of force policy. The reforms require officers to intervene in excessive force cases, bans knee-to-neck restraints, and requires new training for all officers starting in July 2020.[80]

New Jersey edit

On June 5, 2020, New Jersey banned the use of chokeholds and similar restraints except when "deadly force is necessary to address an imminent threat to life".[28] Attorney General Gurbir Grewal commented: "Because these tactics create a substantial risk of death or serious bodily harm, officers who cause a subject's death or injury while performing them face potential criminal liability".[28]

New York edit

 
New York State Senate Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins on June 10

On June 8, 2020, the New York State Legislature began to approve a series of bills targeting police misconduct, including the Eric Garner Anti-Chokehold Act, making police use of a chokehold a felony punishable with up to 15 years in prison.[81][82]

The legislature also passed a prohibition on race-based profiling and mandated tracking of race and ethnicity data in arrests.[81] On June 9, the legislature repealed section 50-a of the New York Civil Rights Law, which required permission by an officer or a judge in order to release any "personnel records used to evaluate performance" of that officer.[83] New York Governor Andrew Cuomo signed the bills into law on June 12 at a ceremony including Valerie Bell and Gwen Carr (mothers of Sean Bell and Eric Garner, respectively), NAACP President Hazel Dukes, and Al Sharpton.[82] On June 12, Cuomo also signed an executive order mandating that all police departments get local government approval for a reform plan by April 1, 2021, in order to continue to be eligible for state funding.[82]

On June 15, 2020, Cuomo signed three additional pieces of police reform legislation into law.[84] The legislation will change reporting requirements for police discharge of firearms, will require courts to compile demographic data on policing, and will ensure that police provide medical and mental health assistance when individuals in police custody require assistance.[84] On June 17, Cuomo signed a bill requiring state troopers to use body cameras during "all uses of force, all arrests and all interactions with people suspected of criminal activity", among other situations.[85]

Buffalo edit

On June 10, 2020, Buffalo Mayor Byron Brown announced a series of police reforms, including policy changes for body cameras and the policing of non-violent offenses, requirements of de-escalation and bias training, and the establishment of a special commission to examine police policies and procedures.[86]

New York City edit

See also: George Floyd protests in New York City § Government response, and New York City Police Department corruption and misconduct
 
Brooklyn Bridge

On June 7, 2020, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that funds would be reallocated from the NYPD into youth and social services.[87] De Blasio did not specify how much funding would be diverted but expressed intent to work with the City Council to come up with a plan before the July 1 budget deadline.[87] De Blasio also announced that the enforcement of street vendor laws and regulations would no longer be carried out by the NYPD.[87]

On June 15, 2020, NYPD Commissioner Dermot Shea announced that the department was disbanding its plainclothes units and reassigning those roughly 600 officers. Plainclothes officers will remain in the city's transit system.[88]

On June 18, 2020, the New York City Council passed a series of police reforms, including a bill to criminalize the use of chokeholds by the New York Police Department (NYPD), legislation with enough support to overcome a mayoral veto after it stalled after the killing of Eric Garner.[89][81] The council also voted to require police to report on its surveillance of residents, to require officers to show badge numbers, and to create a new disciplinary matrix.[89][90]

As the city's June 30 budget deadline approached, protesters convened in City Hall Park to "Occupy City Hall", filling the park day and night to call for reducing the NYPD budget.[91] On June 30, the City Council passed a budget which removes $1 billion from the NYPD. It cancels plans to hire 1,160 new police and transfers responsibility to monitor vending, homeless populations, and schools to other entities.[92] According to the New York Times, the details of the budget "seemed to please no one". Those seeking reforms to policing did not think it went far enough, while others pointed to increasing crime rates in the city at the time. The budget does not halt a different wave of police hiring planned for October, while it does continue a freeze on many other city employees like teachers. Jumaane Williams cited an obscure law requiring the Public Advocate to authorize collection of real estate taxes, and threatened not to do so if the next class of officers was not also canceled.[92] In August 2020, the New York Times reported that the $1 billion cut from the police budget mostly involved shifting some responsibilities to other city agencies, with the size of the police force barely changing.[93]

North Carolina edit

Charlotte edit

On June 8, 2020, the Charlotte City Council passed Braxton Winston's legislation to ban the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department from funding new or existing chemical agents used in crowd control and dispersal, such as tear gas.[94] The council also established a standing committee to scrutinize and adjust police spending and policy.[95]

Raleigh edit

On June 9, 2020, Raleigh Mayor Mary-Ann Baldwin announced the ban of chokeholds, strangleholds, and shooting at moving vehicles. Baldwin also announced a de-escalation requirement and an independent review of the response to protests the week prior.[96]

Ohio edit

Columbus edit

Columbus mayor Andrew Ginther issued an executive order requiring all fatal incidents involving police in Columbus to be investigated by the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation.[97]

Oklahoma edit

Oklahoma City edit

In September 2022 Oklahoma City mayor David Holt announced a series of reforms. Among them include a review of the de-escalation policy and the creation of a dedicated response team to mental health crises.[98]

Oregon edit

Portland edit

See also: George Floyd protests in Portland, Oregon § Government

On June 5, 2020, Portland Public Schools cancelled its school resource officers program with the Portland Police Bureau.[99]

On June 9, 2020, Portland Mayor Ted Wheeler announced a series of police reforms, including disbanding the gun violence reduction unit, ending city officers' participation in the Transit Police, and reallocating money saved plus $5 million on initiatives "to help build the health, wealth and well-being of black people in Portland."[100]

Portland State University announced in 2020 that it would disarm its campus officers[101] and began unarmed patrols in September 2021.[102] However, in April 2023, it announced that it had begun "allowing officers to arm at their discretion".[103]

Pennsylvania edit

On June 8, 2020, members of the Pennsylvania Legislative Black Caucus took over the floor of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives to protest police brutality and demand action on a series of police reform bills.[104]

On June 30, The Pennsylvania General Assembly unanimously approved two bills that would bring about the largest changes to Pennsylvania policing in 40 years. The first requires a thorough background check of applicants and establishes an electronic database that contains records if an officer separated from any previous departments.[105] The second requires mental health evaluations with a focus on PTSD and training for officers on trauma-Informed care, use of force, de-escalation techniques, and recognizing signs of child abuse and childhood trauma.[106] Governor Tom Wolf signed these two measures into law on July 14.[107]

Philadelphia edit

In September 2020 the Philadelphia City Council approved measures that would ban chokeholds and kneeling on a person's neck.[108]

Rhode Island edit

As part of Governor Gina Raimondo's "Rise Together" directive, the Rhode Island State Police agreed to obtain and wear body cameras.[109] All 48 local police chiefs in the state signed a pledge to do the same and to increase anti-bias training and diversity of hiring.[110]

Tennessee edit

House Democrats in Tennessee introduced the "George Floyd Act," a series of police reform amendments, but the bill is on hold until a Senate bill is heard in December 2020.[111][needs update]

Texas edit

Austin edit

On June 11, 2020, the Austin City Council unanimously approved a series of police reforms, including a ban on the use of "less lethal" munitions during protests, restrictions on the use of deadly force, and a direction to the city manager to propose reductions to the police department's budget in 2021. Ultimately, the department's budget was reduced by $150 million with the money being reinvested into various initiatives like violence prevention, food access, and abortion access.[112]

Dallas edit

On June 5, 2020, the Dallas Police Department implemented "duty to intervene" policy that required officers to act if they witnessed fellow officers using excessive force. Furthermore, the city council approved a $7 million cut in the Dallas Police Department's overtime budget to reinvest in other initiatives.[113]

Houston edit

On June 10, 2020, Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner signed an executive order that limited the police ability to use excessive force and no-knock raids.[114]

Utah edit

Salt Lake City edit

Salt Lake City Mayor Erin Mendenhall signed an executive order changing several policies, including duty for officers to intervene if they witness excessive force and requiring written or filmed consent from an owner if searching a vehicle without a warrant.[115]

Virginia edit

Norfolk edit

The Norfolk City council agreed on a series of changes, which would ban high speed police chases unless they involve a felony that resulted in serious injury or death, petitions the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services to end the mandate of officers being trained to use carotid chokeholds, and publishes Norfolk Police Department policy and procedures.[116]

Washington edit

See also: George Floyd protests in Washington (state) § Government response

Bellevue edit

The City of Bellevue announced on June 5, 2020, that it would no longer allow neck restraints.[117]

Seattle edit

Following a large and peaceful demonstration on June 3, 2020, the City of Seattle announced several changes to its policing protocols, including restrictions on badge coverings for officers.[118] City Attorney Pete Holmes announced that the city would withdraw its request to lift a federal consent decree that had been imposed following a DOJ investigation in 2012.[119] The city government also announced a 30-day ban on the use of tear gas by police on protesters in response to outcry from Capitol Hill residents who had been affected by its use.[120] The ban did not apply to SWAT and other special officers, however, and tear gas was used the following day.[121]

On June 9, 2020, Seattle Schools Superintendent Denise Juneau announced that a resolution would be put to the school board to reevaluate the relationship between Seattle Schools and the Seattle Police Department regarding four School Emphasis Officers, employed and paid by the City of Seattle and one SPD School Resource Officer, also paid by the city.[122]

On June 15, 2020, Seattle City Council passed Kshama Sawant's legislation to ban the use of chokeholds, including neck and carotid restraints.[123] The lawmakers also passed Sawant's ban on the use of crowd weapons by police, including tear gas, acoustic weapons, and water cannons, as well as Lisa Herbold's ban on badge mourning bands.[123]

Discussions continued through July on defunding and restructuring the Seattle Police Department although concrete actions have yet to be finalized by the city council.[124]

Tacoma edit

On June 16, the Tacoma Police Department announced a commitment to reforms in line with the 8 Can't Wait campaign.[125] Police Chief Don Ramsdell said the department already had five of the eight requirements, but would commit to the other three: a ban on chokeholds, duty of officers to intervene when seeing others use excessive force, and require verbal warnings before use of deadly force.[126]

Wisconsin edit

Milwaukee edit

The Milwaukee Fire and Police Commission passed a complete ban on chokeholds and other neck restraints. In addition, the Milwaukee Police Department requires officers to file a report whenever they point a gun at someone, bans use of pepper spray at peaceful protests, requires officers determine if an alternative restraint can be used if the restrained says they can't breathe, and requires officers roll a person on their side or a sitting position once they are handcuffed.[127]

Racine edit

On June 11, 2020, leaders of Racine unanimously agreed to establish the Mayor's Task Force on Police Reform.[47]

Wauwatosa edit

Several months after the killing of Alvin Cole in Wauwatosa, the city of Wauwatosa approved funding to equip officers with body cameras.[127]

International edit

Canada edit

On June 9, 2020, the Halifax Regional Council voted to cancel the order of an armored police vehicle and to reallocate the vehicle's $368,000 cost to the city of Halifax's diversity and inclusion office, public safety office, and anti-racism programs.[128]

On June 25, 2020, Mayor of Toronto John Tory tabled a motion to "detask" the Toronto Police Service in response to calls for police reform sparked by the police murder of Floyd and a series of similar incidents in Toronto and elsewhere in Canada, such as the death of Regis Korchinski-Paquet.[129] Under the proposal, duties currently assigned to sworn officers would be assumed by "alternative models of community safety response" to incidents where neither violence nor weapons are at issue, such as some calls regarding persons suffering mental health crises, with the specific redirected duties and alternative models to be developed based on a report that the motion would commission.[129] The proposal would “commit that its first funding priority for future budgets [be] centered on a robust system of social supports and services" and make an itemized line-by-line breakdown of the police budget public; a reduction in the police budget would likely ensue, according to the motion.[129]

New Zealand edit

In June 2020, New Zealand police decided to terminate a pilot program and keep its officers unarmed in ordinary circumstances. Police attributed the decision to public feedback, though Maori activists said the George Floyd protests helped avoid the "Americanization" of New Zealand police.[130]

See also edit

References edit

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  2. ^ Hawkins, Derek (June 8, 2020). "9 Minneapolis City Council members announce plans to disband police department". The Washington Post. from the original on June 7, 2020. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
  3. ^ Hill, Evan; Tiefenthäler, Ainara; Triebert, Christiaan; Jordan, Drew; Willis, Haley; Stein, Robin (May 31, 2020). "8 Minutes and 46 Seconds: How George Floyd Was Killed in Police Custody". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  4. ^ Hennessey, Kathleen; LeBlanc, Steve (June 4, 2020). "8:46: A number becomes a potent symbol of police brutality". AP NEWS. Archived from the original on June 9, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020. But the timestamps cited in the document's description of the incident, much of which is caught on video, indicate a different tally. Using those, Chauvin had his knee on Floyd for seven minutes, 46 seconds, including one minute, 53 seconds after Floyd appeared to stop breathing.
  5. ^ Narea, Nicole (June 10, 2020). "How 2 weeks of protests have changed America". Recode. VOX. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  6. ^ Sanchez, Ray (June 14, 2020). "Police reforms quickly take hold across America. It's only just getting started". cnn.com. CNN.
  7. ^ Ankel, Sophia (June 24, 2020). "30 days that shook America: Since the death of George Floyd, the Black Lives Matter movement has already changed the country". Business insider. Insider Inc. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  8. ^ Rummier, Orion (October 1, 2020). "The major police reforms enacted since George Floyd's death". axios.com. Axios Media. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  9. ^ "Democrats, seizing the moment, unveil sweeping policing reform bill". ABC News. from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
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November 11, 2023
list, police, reforms, related, george, floyd, protests, during, nationwide, protests, that, followed, murder, george, floyd, protesters, politicians, religious, leaders, other, groups, called, police, reform, united, states, this, laws, proposals, public, dir. During the nationwide protests that followed the murder of George Floyd protesters politicians religious leaders and other groups called for police reform in the United States This has led to laws proposals and public directives at all levels of government to address police misconduct and systemic racial bias as well as police brutality in the United States 1 2 Some of the common reforms involve bans on chokeholds and no knock warrants and improvements to police data collection procedures Contents 1 Background 2 Federal 2 1 Justice in Policing Act of 2020 2 2 George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act 2 3 Ending Qualified Immunity Act 2 4 Executive Order on Safe Policing for Safe Communities 3 States and municipalities 3 1 Arizona 3 1 1 Phoenix 3 2 Arkansas 3 3 California 3 3 1 Berkeley 3 3 2 Davis 3 3 3 Fresno 3 3 4 Los Angeles 3 3 5 Sacramento 3 3 6 San Diego 3 3 7 San Francisco 3 3 8 Vallejo 3 4 Colorado 3 4 1 Denver 3 5 Connecticut 3 5 1 Hartford 3 6 District of Columbia 3 7 Florida 3 7 1 Hialeah 3 7 2 Miami Dade County 3 7 3 Tampa 3 8 Georgia 3 8 1 Atlanta 3 9 Illinois 3 9 1 Chicago 3 10 Indiana 3 10 1 Anderson 3 10 2 Gary 3 11 Iowa 3 11 1 Iowa City 3 12 Kentucky 3 12 1 Louisville 3 13 Kansas 3 13 1 Wichita 3 14 Louisiana 3 14 1 New Orleans 3 15 Maryland 3 15 1 Baltimore County 3 16 Massachusetts 3 17 Michigan 3 17 1 Detroit 3 18 Minnesota 3 18 1 Minneapolis 3 19 Missouri 3 19 1 Kansas City 3 20 Nebraska 3 20 1 Omaha 3 21 New Jersey 3 22 New York 3 22 1 Buffalo 3 22 2 New York City 3 23 North Carolina 3 23 1 Charlotte 3 23 2 Raleigh 3 24 Ohio 3 24 1 Columbus 3 25 Oklahoma 3 25 1 Oklahoma City 3 26 Oregon 3 26 1 Portland 3 27 Pennsylvania 3 27 1 Philadelphia 3 28 Rhode Island 3 29 Tennessee 3 30 Texas 3 30 1 Austin 3 30 2 Dallas 3 30 3 Houston 3 31 Utah 3 31 1 Salt Lake City 3 32 Virginia 3 32 1 Norfolk 3 33 Washington 3 33 1 Bellevue 3 33 2 Seattle 3 33 3 Tacoma 3 34 Wisconsin 3 34 1 Milwaukee 3 34 2 Racine 3 34 3 Wauwatosa 4 International 4 1 Canada 4 2 New Zealand 5 See also 6 ReferencesBackground editFurther information Murder of George Floyd On May 25 2020 George Floyd an African American man was murdered by a white police officer Derek Chauvin in Minneapolis Minnesota A video of the incident depicting Chauvin kneeling on Floyd s neck for an extended period attracted widespread outrage leading to local national and international protests and demonstrations against police brutality and racism in policing 3 4 Unrest began as local protests in the Minneapolis Saint Paul metropolitan area of Minnesota then quickly spread across the U S and internationally The protests are part of a wider Black Lives Matter movement which began after the 2012 acquittal of George Zimmerman in the killing of Trayvon Martin Police reforms have been a central part of the movement s demands and protesters after Floyd s murder articulated several desired outcomes some of which have been addressed by federal state or local lawmakers 5 6 7 8 Federal editJustice in Policing Act of 2020 edit Main article George Floyd Justice in Policing Act In June 2020 Democrats in Congress introduced the Justice in Policing Act of 2020 a police reform and accountability bill that contains measures to combat police misconduct excessive force and racial bias in policing 9 Advocates and lawmakers have tried to pass police reform measures in the past and their efforts received renewed energy after the high profile killings of Floyd Breonna Taylor and other African Americans at the hands of police 1 10 11 The bill includes several provisions which aim to improve oversight accountability training and documentation while placing restrictions on techniques like chokeholds and use of deadly force 1 It was introduced on June 8 but failed to clear a procedural vote in the Senate The bill was re introduced in 2021 but again failed to reach a full Senate vote As of July 2022 no additional progress has been made 12 George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act edit Main article George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act The George Floyd Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act is a civil rights bill proposed in the United States House of Representatives by Sheila Jackson Lee D TX co sponsored by Jerry Nadler D NY Ilhan Omar D MN and Jason Crow D CO 13 The bill would implement national policing standards and accreditations require agencies to share policing data with the Department of Justice and make grants available for new programs that help departments recruit hire or increase oversight It also requires the Department of Justice to assemble a task force responsible for law enforcement misconduct cases 13 This bill was adjoined with the Justice in Policing Act of 2020 which failed to pass Ending Qualified Immunity Act edit Main article Ending Qualified Immunity Act The Ending Qualified Immunity Act is a police reform bill proposed in the United States House of Representatives by Justin Amash L MI 3 cosponsored by 39 members of the House 14 The bill would remove the judicial doctrine of qualified immunity that protects law enforcement personnel from being held personally responsible for violating the rights of citizens 15 16 When introducing the bill Amash stated that The brutal killing of George Floyd by Minneapolis police is merely the latest in a long line of incidents of egregious police misconduct This pattern continues because police are legally politically and culturally insulated from consequences for violating the rights of the people whom they have sworn to serve That must change so that these incidents of brutality stop happening 15 The bill failed to receive a House or Senate vote It was reintroduced in 2021 but again failed to receive a vote in either chamber 17 Executive Order on Safe Policing for Safe Communities edit On June 16 2020 President Donald Trump signed the Executive Order on Safe Policing for Safe Communities which calls for independent credentialing bodies certified by the United States attorney general and provides financial incentives for departments which work to attain those credentials The credentials would be based on criteria set by the attorney general and should include a ban on chokeholds except in those situations where the use of deadly force is allowed by law as well as policies and training regarding use of force and de escalation techniques performance management tools such as early warning systems that help to identify officers who may require intervention and best practices regarding community engagement The order also calls for creating a national database with information about instances of excessive use of force Regarding police interactions with people with mental health issues or struggling with homelessness or addiction the order calls for increased training increasing the capacity for mental health professionals and social workers to work with law enforcement and researching community support models 18 19 20 21 22 States and municipalities editArizona edit Phoenix edit In May 2021 the city of Phoenix formed the Office of Accountability in Transparency which investigates Phoenix Police shootings in custody deaths and duty related incidents where a person dies or suffers serious injury 23 Arkansas edit On June 9 2020 Arkansas Governor Asa Hutchinson signed an executive order to create a police task force to deal with police training certification and standards 24 The purpose of the task force is to study and review policies of de certification community policing and recommended means of enhancing the trust of law enforcement 24 California edit nbsp Mural in Oakland CAOn June 5 2020 California Governor Gavin Newsom called for new police crowd control procedures for the state and the banning of the police use of carotid chokeholds which starve the brain of oxygen 25 California Attorney General Xavier Becerra has recommended nine key reforms for local police departments in California including banning the use of chokeholds requiring officers to de escalate situations and give verbal warning before using force and requiring officers to intervene to stop another officer from using excessive force 26 Berkeley edit On June 9 2020 the city of Berkeley permanently banned police from using tear gas 27 Davis edit On June 6 2020 the Davis Police Department announced that it would prohibit officers from using chokeholds and would require officers to intervene when observing colleagues using improper levels of force 28 Fresno edit In 2020 Fresno s Police chief Paco Balderrama formed a commission to reform the Fresno Police Department In 2021 Balderrama announced reforms based on the commission s recommendations The reforms amend the workplace discrimination policy to allow the discriminated the same protections as witnesses remedies conditions that deter female applicants disbands the Homeless Task Force documents corrective action in employee s personnel file updates the use of force policy prohibits officers from reaching into moving vehicles and requires the use of de escalation techniques 29 Los Angeles edit On June 3 2020 Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti has said he would cut as much as 150 million from the Los Angeles Police Department s budget 30 a reversal of his planned increase of 120 million 31 Garcetti announced the funds would be redirected to community initiatives 31 Sacramento edit On June 30 2020 Sacramento City Council members voted on an agreement to appoint an Inspector General to investigate use of force incidents involving the Sacramento Police Department 32 San Diego edit On June 1 2020 San Diego Police Department announced an immediate ban on carotid chokeholds which starve the brain of oxygen 33 Similarly San Diego resident and Brazilian jiu jitsu World Champion Andre Galvao called for all first responders to be trained in grappling to avoid fatalities 34 San Francisco edit nbsp San Francisco CAOn June 11 2020 the city of San Francisco announced plans for police to stop responding to non criminal activities such as neighbor disputes reports on homeless people and school discipline interventions Under the proposal police will be replaced with trained and non armed professionals 35 Vallejo edit Touro University California banned the Vallejo Police Department from using its campus for training 36 The university s decision came after the shooting of Sean Monterrosa and after the release of a statement from the Vallejo police union which criticized protests of the killing by police 36 Colorado edit On June 13 2020 the Colorado General Assembly passed SB20 217 banning the use of chokeholds banning the use of tear gas without announcing it or allowing people to disperse removing the qualified immunity defense and requiring all officers to use body cameras by July 1 2023 37 Denver edit On June 7 2020 Denver Police Department banned the use of chokeholds without exception and established new reporting requirements whenever a police officer points a gun at a person 38 The department will also require its SWAT teams to activate body cameras during tactical operations 38 Connecticut edit On June 15 2020 Connecticut Governor Ned Lamont imposed a series of reforms on the Connecticut State Police 39 On July 31 2020 Governor Lamont signed into law a sweeping police accountability bill 40 The bill increased state oversight of police officers strengthened the use of force standard banned consent searches in traffic stops established an Inspector General to investigate police shootings and weakened qualified immunity protections for officers Hartford edit In June 2020 the Hartford City Council voted to reduce the Hartford Police Department s budget and reallocate some funds to social services 41 District of Columbia edit nbsp Black Lives Matter PlazaOn June 10 2020 Washington D C Mayor Muriel Bowser announced that she would sign the D C Council s emergency legislation to ban the use of neck restraints tear gas pepper spray rubber bullets and stun grenades by police 28 The council has also passed legislation regarding the release of body camera footage 28 Florida edit Hialeah edit The Hialeah Police Department announced it would no longer authorize the use of the Applied Carotid Triangle Restraint unless a justified need for deadly force is present 42 Miami Dade County edit Miami Dade Police Department director Alfredo Ramirez III announced a ban on neck restraints during arrests 42 Tampa edit In June 2020 Tampa Mayor Jane Castor announced that the Florida Department of Law Enforcement would investigate all Tampa Police Department shootings as opposed to the Tampa Police Department themselves Castor also announced officers would officially be required to intervene if they witnessed excessive force and chokeholds were banned two policies she stated were already in practice unofficially 43 Georgia edit Atlanta edit On June 15 2020 Atlanta Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms announced a series of administrative orders for police reform including requirements for reporting deadly force and for training and use of de escalation techniques 44 Illinois edit Chicago edit On June 15 2020 Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot announced the creation of a task force to review the Chicago Police Department s use of force policies 45 Lightfoot said the department overhauled its policies after the DOJ s oversight agreement and scathing report following the murder of Laquan McDonald but also said it was worth checking if the policies have withstood the test of time 45 Indiana edit Anderson edit On June 11 2020 the mayor and the police chief of Anderson banned police from using chokeholds 46 Gary edit On June 11 2020 Gary Mayor Jerome Prince established a police reform commission to evaluate the police department s use of force practices and policies 47 Iowa edit On June 12 2020 Iowa Governor Kim Reynolds signed a police reform bill that bans chokeholds with certain exceptions and prohibits the police from hiring convicted felons 48 The bill also requires police to take annual anti bias and deescalation training for and allows the prosecution of officers for a criminal offense resulting in the death of a human being 48 Iowa City edit On June 17 2020 the Iowa City City Council passed a resolution addressing systemic racism and law enforcement policies Among the 17 points included restructuring the Iowa City Police Department to community policing banning the use of chokeholds ensuring officers have not committed serious misconduct reviewing body camera and in car recorder systems requiring officers to intervene when excessive force is used and prohibiting the use of tear gas rubber bullets and flash bangs against peaceful protesters 49 Kentucky edit Louisville edit On June 11 2020 the Louisville Metro Council unanimously passed Breonna s Law to ban the use of no knock warrants and requiring police to turn their body cameras on before carrying out a search The law is named after Breonna Taylor who was killed during a no knock search by police in Louisville in March 2020 The public outcry after her death has been a significant part of the Black Lives Matter protests which gained intensity after the murder of George Floyd 28 50 51 Kansas edit Wichita edit The Wichita Police Department added new language to its policies on chokeholds officers intervening in excessive force and rendering aid 52 Louisiana edit New Orleans edit In June 2020 New Orleans Chief of Police Shaun Ferguson announced that the New Orleans Police Department would be adopting several new policy changes in an effort to address community concerns In alignment with the 8cantwait movement changes included officers being required to employ de escalation tactics exhaustively before announcing to discharge weapons the use of chokeholds being banned and requiring officers to intervene and stop excessive force used by other officers reporting these incidents immediately to a supervisor 53 Maryland edit On April 10 2021 the Maryland General Assembly overrode Governor Larry Hogan s vetoes to enact comprehensive policing reforms Changes to the state laws and policies include limits to no knock warrants body camera requirements and a repeal of the state s police Bill of Rights 54 Baltimore County edit The Baltimore County Council passed legislation that bans police from using chokeholds encourages officers to intervene if they witness excessive force and provides whistleblower protection to officers who report excessive force 55 Massachusetts edit In the wake of the murder of George Floyd State Senate President Karen Spilka announced the creation of a racial justice advisory group led by State Senators Sonia Chang Diaz and William Brownsberger to draft legislation in response to police brutality 56 57 which was subsequently passed and signed into law by Governor Charlie Baker 58 This sweeping police reform law An Act relative to justice equity and accountability in law enforcement in the Commonwealth 59 is notable for pioneering multiple novel approaches to police reform 60 For example the law created a first in the nation civilian led commission to standardize the certification and decertification of police officers with the power to conduct independent investigations into police misconduct 59 and also created the first state wide restriction on law enforcement s use of facial recognition technology in the United States 60 The bill furthermore banned the use of chokeholds and created a duty to intervene for police officers when witnessing another officer using force inappropriately 59 The law was hailed as robust by commentators including the ACLU s Director of Racial Justice who noted that it created probably the strongest police oversight commission in the country 61 Michigan edit On May 28 Michigan State Senator Jeff Irwin introduced Senate Bill 945 which would require the addition of implicit bias de escalation techniques and mental health screening as part of the Michigan Commission on Law Enforcement Standards certification process for new law enforcement officers 62 The bill was drafted before the murder of George Floyd in response to the broader problem of police brutality It passed the State Senate unanimously on June 4 63 Detroit edit On August 27 2020 the Detroit Board of Police Commissioners announced Detroit Police would be banned from using chokeholds They also announced restrictions on firing at and from a moving vehicle requirements for officers to report excessive force and measures for reporting when officers threaten to use force 64 Minnesota edit On July 21 2020 the Minnesota state legislature passed major police reform legislation 65 The new compromise law includes a limited ban on police from using chokehold restraint in the state of Minnesota so long as the officers were not at greater risk 65 However the law also bans the old warrior training program which was regarded as dehumanizing people and encouraging aggressive conduct 65 The law also requires additional training for Minnesota peace officers 65 Also signed into law was a statutory duty to intercede Section 626 8475 of the Minnesota statutes requires peace officers to intercede in the event of unlawful use of deadly force or excessive force and when present and able to do so The section also mandates officers report excessive force within 24 hours of observing it 66 The police reform legislation was signed into law by Minnesota Governor Tim Walz on July 23 2020 67 Minneapolis edit nbsp Graffiti and political messages on a boarded up store in Minneapolis June 4Further information George Floyd protests in Minneapolis Saint Paul Police reform and 2021 Minneapolis Question 2 The widescale protests are a reaction to the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police making it one of the major protest locations in the weeks that followed and a significant public scrutiny of its law enforcement policies On June 5 2020 the Minneapolis City Council and the Minnesota Department of Human Rights agreed to a temporary restraining order requiring Minneapolis to update its procedures to ban chokeholds and other neck restraints by police such as the one an officer used when murdering George Floyd 68 The order also went further by requiring police officers to report and intervene against the use of excessive force by other officers and requiring authorization from the police chief or deputy police chiefs before using crowd control weapons such as chemical agents and rubber bullets 69 70 Nine members of the Minneapolis City Council a veto proof majority pledged on June 7 to dismantle the city s police department despite opposition from the city s mayor Jacob Frey 71 72 On June 26 2020 a proposed amendment was approved by the Minneapolis City Council 73 On August 5 2020 the Minneapolis City Charter Commission cancelled plans to put the proposed city charter amendment which was passed by the Minneapolis City Council on the November 2020 ballot 74 The University of Minnesota and Minneapolis Public Schools changed their relationship with the city s police force with the city s school board voting to cut ties with the department 75 The Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board also voted unanimously to have the park police cut ties with the city s police force and to change park police uniforms and vehicles to distinguish them from Minneapolis police 76 On June 10 2020 Police Chief Medaria Arradondo announced the police department is withdrawing from union contract negotiations as a first step towards police reforms 77 Furthermore on December 10 2020 the city council voted to redirect 8 million of the police budget towards community alternatives while keeping the current number of police officers in the department 78 Missouri edit Kansas City edit On June 4 2020 Kansas City Mayor Quinton Lucas announced a series of police reforms including whistleblower protections independent review of officer involved shootings and use of body cameras by police officers 79 Nebraska edit Omaha edit Omaha Police Chief Todd Schmaderer and Omaha Mayor Jean Stothert announced several changes to the department s use of force policy The reforms require officers to intervene in excessive force cases bans knee to neck restraints and requires new training for all officers starting in July 2020 80 New Jersey edit On June 5 2020 New Jersey banned the use of chokeholds and similar restraints except when deadly force is necessary to address an imminent threat to life 28 Attorney General Gurbir Grewal commented Because these tactics create a substantial risk of death or serious bodily harm officers who cause a subject s death or injury while performing them face potential criminal liability 28 New York edit nbsp New York State Senate Majority Leader Andrea Stewart Cousins on June 10On June 8 2020 the New York State Legislature began to approve a series of bills targeting police misconduct including the Eric Garner Anti Chokehold Act making police use of a chokehold a felony punishable with up to 15 years in prison 81 82 The legislature also passed a prohibition on race based profiling and mandated tracking of race and ethnicity data in arrests 81 On June 9 the legislature repealed section 50 a of the New York Civil Rights Law which required permission by an officer or a judge in order to release any personnel records used to evaluate performance of that officer 83 New York Governor Andrew Cuomo signed the bills into law on June 12 at a ceremony including Valerie Bell and Gwen Carr mothers of Sean Bell and Eric Garner respectively NAACP President Hazel Dukes and Al Sharpton 82 On June 12 Cuomo also signed an executive order mandating that all police departments get local government approval for a reform plan by April 1 2021 in order to continue to be eligible for state funding 82 On June 15 2020 Cuomo signed three additional pieces of police reform legislation into law 84 The legislation will change reporting requirements for police discharge of firearms will require courts to compile demographic data on policing and will ensure that police provide medical and mental health assistance when individuals in police custody require assistance 84 On June 17 Cuomo signed a bill requiring state troopers to use body cameras during all uses of force all arrests and all interactions with people suspected of criminal activity among other situations 85 Buffalo edit On June 10 2020 Buffalo Mayor Byron Brown announced a series of police reforms including policy changes for body cameras and the policing of non violent offenses requirements of de escalation and bias training and the establishment of a special commission to examine police policies and procedures 86 New York City edit See also George Floyd protests in New York City Government response and New York City Police Department corruption and misconduct nbsp Brooklyn BridgeOn June 7 2020 New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that funds would be reallocated from the NYPD into youth and social services 87 De Blasio did not specify how much funding would be diverted but expressed intent to work with the City Council to come up with a plan before the July 1 budget deadline 87 De Blasio also announced that the enforcement of street vendor laws and regulations would no longer be carried out by the NYPD 87 On June 15 2020 NYPD Commissioner Dermot Shea announced that the department was disbanding its plainclothes units and reassigning those roughly 600 officers Plainclothes officers will remain in the city s transit system 88 On June 18 2020 the New York City Council passed a series of police reforms including a bill to criminalize the use of chokeholds by the New York Police Department NYPD legislation with enough support to overcome a mayoral veto after it stalled after the killing of Eric Garner 89 81 The council also voted to require police to report on its surveillance of residents to require officers to show badge numbers and to create a new disciplinary matrix 89 90 As the city s June 30 budget deadline approached protesters convened in City Hall Park to Occupy City Hall filling the park day and night to call for reducing the NYPD budget 91 On June 30 the City Council passed a budget which removes 1 billion from the NYPD It cancels plans to hire 1 160 new police and transfers responsibility to monitor vending homeless populations and schools to other entities 92 According to the New York Times the details of the budget seemed to please no one Those seeking reforms to policing did not think it went far enough while others pointed to increasing crime rates in the city at the time The budget does not halt a different wave of police hiring planned for October while it does continue a freeze on many other city employees like teachers Jumaane Williams cited an obscure law requiring the Public Advocate to authorize collection of real estate taxes and threatened not to do so if the next class of officers was not also canceled 92 In August 2020 the New York Times reported that the 1 billion cut from the police budget mostly involved shifting some responsibilities to other city agencies with the size of the police force barely changing 93 North Carolina edit Charlotte edit On June 8 2020 the Charlotte City Council passed Braxton Winston s legislation to ban the Charlotte Mecklenburg Police Department from funding new or existing chemical agents used in crowd control and dispersal such as tear gas 94 The council also established a standing committee to scrutinize and adjust police spending and policy 95 Raleigh edit On June 9 2020 Raleigh Mayor Mary Ann Baldwin announced the ban of chokeholds strangleholds and shooting at moving vehicles Baldwin also announced a de escalation requirement and an independent review of the response to protests the week prior 96 Ohio edit Columbus edit Columbus mayor Andrew Ginther issued an executive order requiring all fatal incidents involving police in Columbus to be investigated by the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation 97 Oklahoma edit Oklahoma City edit In September 2022 Oklahoma City mayor David Holt announced a series of reforms Among them include a review of the de escalation policy and the creation of a dedicated response team to mental health crises 98 Oregon edit Portland edit See also George Floyd protests in Portland Oregon Government On June 5 2020 Portland Public Schools cancelled its school resource officers program with the Portland Police Bureau 99 On June 9 2020 Portland Mayor Ted Wheeler announced a series of police reforms including disbanding the gun violence reduction unit ending city officers participation in the Transit Police and reallocating money saved plus 5 million on initiatives to help build the health wealth and well being of black people in Portland 100 Portland State University announced in 2020 that it would disarm its campus officers 101 and began unarmed patrols in September 2021 102 However in April 2023 it announced that it had begun allowing officers to arm at their discretion 103 Pennsylvania edit On June 8 2020 members of the Pennsylvania Legislative Black Caucus took over the floor of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives to protest police brutality and demand action on a series of police reform bills 104 On June 30 The Pennsylvania General Assembly unanimously approved two bills that would bring about the largest changes to Pennsylvania policing in 40 years The first requires a thorough background check of applicants and establishes an electronic database that contains records if an officer separated from any previous departments 105 The second requires mental health evaluations with a focus on PTSD and training for officers on trauma Informed care use of force de escalation techniques and recognizing signs of child abuse and childhood trauma 106 Governor Tom Wolf signed these two measures into law on July 14 107 Philadelphia edit In September 2020 the Philadelphia City Council approved measures that would ban chokeholds and kneeling on a person s neck 108 Rhode Island edit As part of Governor Gina Raimondo s Rise Together directive the Rhode Island State Police agreed to obtain and wear body cameras 109 All 48 local police chiefs in the state signed a pledge to do the same and to increase anti bias training and diversity of hiring 110 Tennessee edit House Democrats in Tennessee introduced the George Floyd Act a series of police reform amendments but the bill is on hold until a Senate bill is heard in December 2020 111 needs update Texas edit Austin edit On June 11 2020 the Austin City Council unanimously approved a series of police reforms including a ban on the use of less lethal munitions during protests restrictions on the use of deadly force and a direction to the city manager to propose reductions to the police department s budget in 2021 Ultimately the department s budget was reduced by 150 million with the money being reinvested into various initiatives like violence prevention food access and abortion access 112 Dallas edit On June 5 2020 the Dallas Police Department implemented duty to intervene policy that required officers to act if they witnessed fellow officers using excessive force Furthermore the city council approved a 7 million cut in the Dallas Police Department s overtime budget to reinvest in other initiatives 113 Houston edit On June 10 2020 Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner signed an executive order that limited the police ability to use excessive force and no knock raids 114 Utah edit Salt Lake City edit Salt Lake City Mayor Erin Mendenhall signed an executive order changing several policies including duty for officers to intervene if they witness excessive force and requiring written or filmed consent from an owner if searching a vehicle without a warrant 115 Virginia edit Norfolk edit The Norfolk City council agreed on a series of changes which would ban high speed police chases unless they involve a felony that resulted in serious injury or death petitions the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services to end the mandate of officers being trained to use carotid chokeholds and publishes Norfolk Police Department policy and procedures 116 Washington edit See also George Floyd protests in Washington state Government response Bellevue edit The City of Bellevue announced on June 5 2020 that it would no longer allow neck restraints 117 Seattle edit Following a large and peaceful demonstration on June 3 2020 the City of Seattle announced several changes to its policing protocols including restrictions on badge coverings for officers 118 City Attorney Pete Holmes announced that the city would withdraw its request to lift a federal consent decree that had been imposed following a DOJ investigation in 2012 119 The city government also announced a 30 day ban on the use of tear gas by police on protesters in response to outcry from Capitol Hill residents who had been affected by its use 120 The ban did not apply to SWAT and other special officers however and tear gas was used the following day 121 On June 9 2020 Seattle Schools Superintendent Denise Juneau announced that a resolution would be put to the school board to reevaluate the relationship between Seattle Schools and the Seattle Police Department regarding four School Emphasis Officers employed and paid by the City of Seattle and one SPD School Resource Officer also paid by the city 122 On June 15 2020 Seattle City Council passed Kshama Sawant s legislation to ban the use of chokeholds including neck and carotid restraints 123 The lawmakers also passed Sawant s ban on the use of crowd weapons by police including tear gas acoustic weapons and water cannons as well as Lisa Herbold s ban on badge mourning bands 123 Discussions continued through July on defunding and restructuring the Seattle Police Department although concrete actions have yet to be finalized by the city council 124 Tacoma edit On June 16 the Tacoma Police Department announced a commitment to reforms in line with the 8 Can t Wait campaign 125 Police Chief Don Ramsdell said the department already had five of the eight requirements but would commit to the other three a ban on chokeholds duty of officers to intervene when seeing others use excessive force and require verbal warnings before use of deadly force 126 Wisconsin edit Milwaukee edit The Milwaukee Fire and Police Commission passed a complete ban on chokeholds and other neck restraints In addition the Milwaukee Police Department requires officers to file a report whenever they point a gun at someone bans use of pepper spray at peaceful protests requires officers determine if an alternative restraint can be used if the restrained says they can t breathe and requires officers roll a person on their side or a sitting position once they are handcuffed 127 Racine edit On June 11 2020 leaders of Racine unanimously agreed to establish the Mayor s Task Force on Police Reform 47 Wauwatosa edit Several months after the killing of Alvin Cole in Wauwatosa the city of Wauwatosa approved funding to equip officers with body cameras 127 International editCanada edit On June 9 2020 the Halifax Regional Council voted to cancel the order of an armored police vehicle and to reallocate the vehicle s 368 000 cost to the city of Halifax s diversity and inclusion office public safety office and anti racism programs 128 On June 25 2020 Mayor of Toronto John Tory tabled a motion to detask the Toronto Police Service in response to calls for police reform sparked by the police murder of Floyd and a series of similar incidents in Toronto and elsewhere in Canada such as the death of Regis Korchinski Paquet 129 Under the proposal duties currently assigned to sworn officers would be assumed by alternative models of community safety response to incidents where neither violence nor weapons are at issue such as some calls regarding persons suffering mental health crises with the specific redirected duties and alternative models to be developed based on a report that the motion would commission 129 The proposal would commit that its first funding priority for future budgets be centered on a robust system of social supports and services and make an itemized line by line breakdown of the police budget public a reduction in the police budget would likely ensue according to the motion 129 New Zealand edit In June 2020 New Zealand police decided to terminate a pilot program and keep its officers unarmed in ordinary circumstances Police attributed the decision to public feedback though Maori activists said the George Floyd protests helped avoid the Americanization of New Zealand police 130 See also edit8 Can t Wait 8 to Abolition Defund the police List of monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests Police abolition movement List of law enforcement officers convicted for an on duty killing in the United States 2020s in political historyReferences 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2020 a b New York City Council passes series of police reforms including cops having to show badge numbers cbsnews com CBS News June 18 2020 Archived from the original on June 20 2020 Retrieved June 20 2020 Anuta Joe June 18 2020 In wake of mass protests NYC Council approves suite of police reforms politico com Politico Archived from the original on June 22 2020 Retrieved June 20 2020 Kim Juliana Alfiky Amr June 28 2020 How the Floyd Protests Turned Into a 24 Hour Occupy City Hall in N Y The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on July 1 2020 Retrieved July 1 2020 a b Rubinstein Dana Mays Jeffery C June 30 2020 Nearly 1 Billion Is Shifted From Police in Budget That Pleases No One The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Archived from the original on July 1 2020 Retrieved July 1 2020 Mays Jeffery C August 10 2020 Who Opposes Defunding the N Y P D These Black Lawmakers The New York Times Retrieved September 8 2020 Charlotte Stops Funding Police Chemical Agents Amid Protests usnews com Associated Press June 9 2020 Archived from the original on June 16 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Esposito Gina wsoctv com October 5 2020 City Council to review recommendations for policing in Charlotte WSOC TV Retrieved April 16 2021 RALEIGH POLICE DEPARTMENT TAKING STEPS TO BAN CHOKEHOLDS ADOPT 8 CAN T WAIT POLICIES ABC 11 June 9 2020 Retrieved September 18 2022 MAYOR TO ISSUE EXECUTIVE ORDER COUNCIL TO PASS LAW MANDATING INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATIONS OF POLICE INVOLVED DEATHS City of Columbus June 11 2020 Retrieved September 18 2022 Kemp Adam September 12 2022 Oklahoma City is hoping these new recommendations can become a blueprint for police reform PBS Retrieved September 18 2022 Ralph Kaylen June 8 2020 Portland Public Schools Cut Ties With Local Police Department Amid George Floyd Protests teenvogue com Teen Vogue Archived from the original on June 15 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Hammond Betsy June 9 2020 Portland Mayor Ted Wheeler unveils police reforms other plans Watch oregonlive com The Oregonian Archived from the original on June 16 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Powell Meerah August 13 2020 PSU to disarm campus police officers this fall Oregon Public Broadcasting Retrieved September 4 2023 Who We Are PSU Campus Public Safety Office April 11 2023 Retrieved September 4 2023 Manning Rob April 11 2023 Portland State University rearms campus police Oregon Public Broadcasting Retrieved September 4 2023 Leigh Harri June 8 2020 Pennsylvania Legislative Black Caucus members take over House session to demand action on police reform bills fox43 com Retrieved September 1 2020 Bill Information House Bill 1841 Regular Session 2019 2020 Pennsylvania General Assembly Retrieved September 1 2020 Bill Information House Bill 1910 Regular Session 2019 2020 Pennsylvania General Assembly Retrieved September 1 2020 Sheehan Brian July 14 2020 Governor Wolf signs police reform bills into law says work still to be done in PA WHP Retrieved September 1 2020 McCrystal Laura September 17 2020 Philly City Council approves police reform measures including banning choke holds The Inquirer Archived from the original on December 10 2021 Retrieved September 18 2022 RI State Police in full support of troopers wearing body cameras June 23 2020 Rhode Island police chiefs sign statewide policy reform campaign Police1 Camden Curtis Lee Murry June 15 2020 George Floyd Act aimed at police reform placed on hold until December in Tennessee Senate wjhl com Archived from the original on June 16 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 VENKATARAMANAN Meena June 11 2020 Austin City Council unanimously limits police officers use of force and asks for cuts to department budget texastribune org The Texas Tribune Archived from the original on June 12 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Dallas Police Adopts Duty To Intervene Policy To Prevent Abuse NPR org June 5 2020 Archived from the original on June 17 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Turner signs order on use of force policies no knock raids HoustonChronicle com June 10 2020 Archived from the original on June 22 2020 Retrieved June 16 2020 Larsen Leia August 3 2020 Salt Lake City Mayor Erin Mendenhall announces police reforms including stricter rules on bodycams and de escalation efforts Salt Lake City Tribune Retrieved November 8 2022 Norfolk City Council commits to additional police reform ABC 13 News Now June 10 2020 Retrieved September 18 2022 Bellevue Police Department suspends use of neck restraints KIRO TV June 5 2020 Archived from the original on June 9 2020 Retrieved June 10 2020 del Rosario Simone June 4 2020 Seattle police chief Badge numbers will be prominently displayed Q13 Fox Archived from the original on June 7 2020 Retrieved June 6 2020 Black Tony June 4 2020 What the federal consent decree means for Seattle Police Department KING 5 News Archived from the original on June 7 2020 Retrieved June 6 2020 Kamb Lewis Beekman Daniel June 5 2020 Seattle mayor police chief agree to ban use of tear gas on protesters 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intervene in excessive force The News Tribune Archived from the original on June 21 2020 a b Hughes Elliot May 20 2021 Here s a list of police reforms being undertaken in Milwaukee since the death of George Floyd one year ago Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Retrieved September 18 2022 Berman Pam June 9 2020 In the wake of George Floyd s death Halifax council cancels plans to buy armoured vehicle cbc ca CBC News Archived from the original on June 10 2020 Retrieved June 20 2020 a b c Patton Jessica June 25 2020 Mayor John Tory tabling motion on Toronto police reform in wake of calls to defund service Global News Archived from the original on June 28 2020 Retrieved June 28 2020 As New Zealand Police Pledge To Stay Unarmed Maori Activists Credit U S Protests NPR Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of police reforms related to the George Floyd protests amp oldid 1179722297, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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