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Wikipedia

Drug cartel

April 13, 2024

A drug cartel is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade. Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level. The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries. Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other.

The basic structure of a drug cartel is as follows:

  • Falcons: Considered as the "eyes and ears" of the streets, the "falcons" are the lowest rank in any drug cartel. They are scouts, who are responsible for conducting reconnaissance, such as reporting the activities of the police, the military and rival groups.[1]
  • Hitmen: The armed group within the drug cartel, responsible for carrying out assassinations, kidnappings, thefts and extortions, operating protection rackets, as well as defending their plaza (turf) from rival groups and the military.[2][3]
  • Lieutenants: The second highest position in the drug cartel organization, responsible for supervising the hitmen and falcons within their own territory. They are allowed to carry out low-profile murders without permission from their bosses.[4]
  • Drug lords: The highest position in any drug cartel, responsible for supervising the entire drug industry, appointing territorial leaders, making alliances, in addition to planning high-profile murders.[5]

There are other operating groups within the drug cartels. For example, the drug producers and suppliers,[6] although not considered in the basic structure, are critical operators of any drug cartel, along with the smugglers, distributors, sales representatives, accountants and money launderers.[7][8][9] Furthermore, the arms suppliers operate in a completely different circle;[10] they are technically not considered part of the cartel's logistics.

Africa edit

See also: Taxi wars in South Africa, blood diamond, Kivu conflict § Conflict minerals, Barbary Coast, Piracy in Somalia, Al-Shabaab (militant group), Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, and Boko Haram

Americas edit

See also: Illegal drug trade in Latin America

North America edit

Canada edit

Mexico edit

Not to be confused with Mexican Mafia.
 
The Mérida Initiative, a U.S. Counter-Narcotics Assistance to Mexico

Mexican cartels (also known in Mexico as: la Mafia (the mafia or the mob), La Maña (the skill / the bad manners),[21] narcotraficantes (narco-traffickers), or simply as narcos usually refers to several, rival, criminal organizations that are combated by the Mexican government in the Mexican War on Drugs (List sorted by branches and heritage):[22]

Mexican academic Oswaldo Zavala, in his book Drug Cartels Do Not Exist argues that academics, officials, journalists and writers are mistaken to label the criminal gangs as cartels, noting that they do not meet the definition due to the competitive nature of the drugs trade, and the lack of hierarchal structure. He states that the Mexican state perpetuates the label to justify their militarised response.[23]

Note: As of 2020 the DEA considered the cartels of Sinaloa-Beltran, Juarez-Linea, Jalisco, Golfo-Noreste-Zetas, La Familia and Rojos-Guerreros to be the most influential cartels in Mexico.[24]

United States edit

 
Map of violent crime per 100,000 people in the US by state in 2016

The United States of America is the world's largest consumer of cocaine[58] and other illegal drugs.[59][60][61] This is a list of American criminal organizations involved in illegal drug traffic, drug trade and other related crimes in the United States:

American Mafia edit

Italian immigrants to the United States in the early 19th century formed various small-time gangs which gradually evolved into sophisticated crime syndicates which dominated organized crime in America for several decades. Although government crackdowns and a less-tightly knit Italian-American community have largely reduced their power, they remain an active force in the underworld.

Active crime families edit
Defunct mafia families edit
Jewish mafia edit
African-American organized crime edit
Irish Mob edit

Caribbean edit

See also: Piracy in the Caribbean and Illegal drugs in Puerto Rico

South America edit

Brazil edit

Bolivia edit

Colombia edit

Main article: Illegal drug trade in Colombia
 
Luis Hernando Gomez-Bustamante, also known as "Rasguño", arrest performed by the National Police of Colombia

Colombia is the largest producer of cocaine in the world,[86] and cocaine production in Colombia reached an all-time high in 2017.[87]

Active Colombian drug cartels:

Historical Colombian drug cartels:

Peru edit

Venezuela edit

Historically Venezuela has been a path to the United States for illegal drugs originating in Colombia, through Central America and Mexico and Caribbean countries such as Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico.

According to the United Nations, there has been an increase of cocaine trafficking through Venezuela since 2002.[88] In 2005, Venezuela severed ties with the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), accusing its representatives of spying.[89] Following the departure of the DEA from Venezuela and the expansion of DEA's partnership with Colombia in 2005, Venezuela became more attractive to drug traffickers.[90] Between 2008 and 2012, Venezuela's cocaine seizure ranking among other countries declined, going from being ranked fourth in the world for cocaine seizures in 2008[91] to sixth in the world in 2012.[92] The cartel groups involved include:

  • The Cuntrera-Caruana Mafia clan moved to Venezuela,[93] which became an important hideout as the clan bought hotels and founded various businesses in Caracas and Valencia, as well as an extended ranch in Barinas, near the Colombian border. "Venezuela has its own Cosa Nostra family as if it is Sicilian territory," according to the Italian police. "The structure and hierarchy of the Mafia has been entirely reproduced in Venezuela." The Cuntrera-Caruana clan had direct links with the ruling Commission of the Sicilian Mafia, and are acknowledged by the American Cosa Nostra.[93]

Pasquale, Paolo and Gaspare Cuntrera were expelled from Venezuela in 1992, "almost secretly smuggled out of the country, as if it concerned one of their own drug transports. It was imperative they could not contact people on the outside who could have used their political connections to stop the expulsion." Their expulsion was ordered by a commission of the Venezuelan Senate headed by Senator Cristobal Fernandez Dalo and his money laundering investigator, Thor Halvorssen Hellum. They were arrested in September 1992 at Fiumicino airport (Rome),[94][95] and in 1996 were sentenced to 13–20 years.[93]

In May 2015, The Wall Street Journal reported from United States officials that drug trafficking in Venezuela increased significantly with Colombian drug traffickers moving from Colombia to Venezuela due to pressure from law enforcement.[98] One United States Department of Justice official described the higher ranks of the Venezuelan government and military as "a criminal organization", with high ranking Venezuelan officials, such as National Assembly President Diosdado Cabello, being accused of drug trafficking.[98] Those involved with investigations stated that Venezuelan government defectors and former traffickers had given information to investigators and that details of those involved in government drug trafficking were increasing.[98]

Central America edit

Honduras edit

El Salvador edit

Nicaragua edit

Asia edit

East Asia edit

Korea edit

Japan edit

Japanese criminal organizations edit
See also: Kenji Doihara § Criminal activities

The yakuza of Japan are similar to the Italian mafias in that they originated centuries ago and follow a rigid set of traditions, but have several aspects that make them unique, such as their full-body tattoos and their fairly open place in Japanese society. Many yakuza groups are umbrella organizations, smaller gangs reporting to a larger crime syndicate.

Active yakuza groups edit
Defunct yakuza groups edit

Chinese edit

See also: Tiandihui and Kuomintang in Burma § CIA connection and opium trade

The Triads is a popular name for a number of Chinese criminal secret societies, which have existed in various forms over the centuries (see for example Tiandihui). However, not all Chinese gangs fall into line with these traditional groups, as many non-traditional criminal organizations have formed, both in China and the Chinese diaspora.

Southeast Asia edit

See also: Manchukuo § Drug trafficking
See also: Piracy in the Strait of Malacca

Vietnamese Xã Hội Đen edit

South Asia edit

See also: Haqqani Network and Zomi Revolutionary Army

India edit

Uttar Pradesh edit
Bangalore edit

Sri Lanka edit

Pakistan edit

Afghanistan edit

Middle East edit

See also: Shabeeha, al-Qaeda in Iraq, Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant, Mokhtar Belmokhtar, and Piracy in the Persian Gulf

[111][112]

Central Asia edit

Eurasia edit

Russia edit

Although organized crime existed in the Soviet era, the gangs really gained in power and international reach during the transition to capitalism. The term Russian Mafia, 'mafiya' or mob is a blanket (and somewhat inaccurate) term for the various organized crime groups that emerged in this period from the 15 former republics of the USSR and unlike their Italian counterparts does not mean members are necessarily of Russian ethnicity or uphold any ancient criminal traditions, although this is the case for some members.

North Caucasia edit

See also Caucasus Emirate

Georgia edit

Armenia edit

Azerbaijan edit

Europe edit

Sweden edit

Netherlands edit

France edit

Greece edit

Ireland edit

Spain edit

Poland edit

Slovakia edit

Hungary edit

Czech Republic edit

Italy edit

Balkans edit

Balkan organized crime gained prominence in the chaos following the communist era, notably the transition to capitalism and the wars in former Yugoslavia.

Great Britain edit

See also: List of organisations known as the Irish Republican Army and Ulster loyalism § Paramilitary and vigilante groups

Ukraine edit

Lithuania edit

Estonia edit

Transnistria edit

Australia edit

See also: Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union and Nugan Hand Bank

References edit

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Further reading edit

  • Aire, Jose Gutierrez (2012). Blood, Death, Drugs and Sex in Old Mexico. Createspace Independent Pub. ISBN 978-1477592274.
  • "Drug Wars". Frontline. 2006. PBS.
  • Holmes, Jennifer S.; Amin Gutiérrez de Piñeres, Sheila; Curtin, Kevin M. (2006). "Drugs, Violence, and Development in Colombia: A Department-Level Analysis". Latin American Politics and Society. 48 (3): 157–184. doi:10.1111/j.1548-2456.2006.tb00359.x. S2CID 198824953. ProQuest 200275766.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Drug cartels.
  • "Mexico: Drug Cartels a Growing Threat"—Worldpress, 2006

April 13, 2024
drug, cartel, drug, cartel, criminal, organization, composed, independent, drug, lords, collude, with, each, other, order, improve, their, profits, dominate, illegal, drug, trade, form, with, purpose, controlling, supply, illegal, drug, trade, maintaining, pri. A drug cartel is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other The basic structure of a drug cartel is as follows Falcons Considered as the eyes and ears of the streets the falcons are the lowest rank in any drug cartel They are scouts who are responsible for conducting reconnaissance such as reporting the activities of the police the military and rival groups 1 Hitmen The armed group within the drug cartel responsible for carrying out assassinations kidnappings thefts and extortions operating protection rackets as well as defending their plaza turf from rival groups and the military 2 3 Lieutenants The second highest position in the drug cartel organization responsible for supervising the hitmen and falcons within their own territory They are allowed to carry out low profile murders without permission from their bosses 4 Drug lords The highest position in any drug cartel responsible for supervising the entire drug industry appointing territorial leaders making alliances in addition to planning high profile murders 5 There are other operating groups within the drug cartels For example the drug producers and suppliers 6 although not considered in the basic structure are critical operators of any drug cartel along with the smugglers distributors sales representatives accountants and money launderers 7 8 9 Furthermore the arms suppliers operate in a completely different circle 10 they are technically not considered part of the cartel s logistics Contents 1 Africa 2 Americas 2 1 North America 2 1 1 Canada 2 1 2 Mexico 2 1 3 United States 2 1 3 1 American Mafia 2 1 3 2 Active crime families 2 1 3 3 Defunct mafia families 2 1 3 4 Jewish mafia 2 1 3 5 African American organized crime 2 1 3 6 Irish Mob 2 2 Caribbean 2 3 South America 2 3 1 Brazil 2 3 2 Bolivia 2 3 3 Colombia 2 3 4 Peru 2 3 5 Venezuela 2 4 Central America 2 4 1 Honduras 2 4 2 El Salvador 2 4 3 Nicaragua 3 Asia 3 1 East Asia 3 1 1 Korea 3 1 2 Japan 3 1 2 1 Japanese criminal organizations 3 1 2 1 1 Active yakuza groups 3 1 2 1 2 Defunct yakuza groups 3 1 3 Chinese 3 2 Southeast Asia 3 2 1 Vietnamese Xa Hội Đen 3 3 South Asia 3 3 1 India 3 3 1 1 Uttar Pradesh 3 3 1 2 Bangalore 3 3 2 Sri Lanka 3 3 3 Pakistan 3 3 4 Afghanistan 3 4 Middle East 3 5 Central Asia 4 Eurasia 4 1 Russia 4 2 North Caucasia 4 3 Georgia 4 4 Armenia 4 5 Azerbaijan 5 Europe 5 1 Sweden 5 2 Netherlands 5 3 France 5 4 Greece 5 5 Ireland 5 6 Spain 5 7 Poland 5 8 Slovakia 5 9 Hungary 5 10 Czech Republic 5 11 Italy 5 12 Balkans 5 13 Great Britain 5 14 Ukraine 5 15 Lithuania 5 16 Estonia 5 17 Transnistria 6 Australia 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksAfrica editSee also Taxi wars in South Africa blood diamond Kivu conflict Conflict minerals Barbary Coast Piracy in Somalia Al Shabaab militant group Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and Boko Haram Cape Verdean organized crime Mungiki 11 Organized crime in Nigeria 12 13 14 15 16 17 Confraternities in Nigeria Black Axe organized crime group Anini gang Mai Mai militia gangs Moroccan hashish smugglers Ahmed organizationAmericas editSee also Illegal drug trade in Latin America North America edit Canada edit Rivard organization Red Scorpions Bacon Brothers United Nations gang Montreal West End Gang 18 19 Blass gang Dubois Brothers Indo Canadian organized crime Punjabi Mafia ਜ ਹਲ ਗ ਰ ਹ Canada 19 Canadian mafia families Rizzuto crime family 19 20 Cuntrera Caruana Mafia clan 19 20 Cotroni crime family 19 20 Musitano crime family 19 20 Papalia crime family 19 20 Luppino crime family 19 20 Perri crime family 19 20 Siderno Group 19 20 Commisso ndrina 19 20 Mexico edit Not to be confused with Mexican Mafia nbsp The Merida Initiative a U S Counter Narcotics Assistance to MexicoMexican cartels also known in Mexico as la Mafia the mafia or the mob La Mana the skill the bad manners 21 narcotraficantes narco traffickers or simply as narcos usually refers to several rival criminal organizations that are combated by the Mexican government in the Mexican War on Drugs List sorted by branches and heritage 22 Mexican academic Oswaldo Zavala in his book Drug Cartels Do Not Exist argues that academics officials journalists and writers are mistaken to label the criminal gangs as cartels noting that they do not meet the definition due to the competitive nature of the drugs trade and the lack of hierarchal structure He states that the Mexican state perpetuates the label to justify their militarised response 23 Note As of 2020 the DEA considered the cartels of Sinaloa Beltran Juarez Linea Jalisco Golfo Noreste Zetas La Familia and Rojos Guerreros to be the most influential cartels in Mexico 24 Gulf Cartel The oldest Mexican criminal syndicate started as Prohibition era bootlegging gang Los Zetas Formerly part of the Gulf Cartel now independent La Familia Michoacana Formerly a branch of the Gulf Cartel then went independent 25 26 Knights Templar Cartel Splintered from La Familia Cartel 27 Sinaloa Cartel Spawned from the Guadalajara Cartel Colima Cartel members are now a branch of the Sinaloa Cartel 28 Sonora Cartel was reformed in 2018 and is still a branch of the Sinaloa Cartel 28 Los Antrax enforcer squad nbsp Drug trafficking tunnel under the U S Mexico border used by the Sinaloa Cartel La Resistencia Splintered from the Milenio Cartel disbanded Jalisco New Generation Cartel 29 Independent remnants of the Milenio Cartel Los Negros Beltran Leyva enforcement squad disbanded South Pacific Cartel branch of the Beltran Leyva Cartel in Morelos 30 31 32 nbsp Drug War related murders in Mexico 2006 2011 Independent Cartel of Acapulco 33 Splinter from the Beltran Leyva Cartel La Barredora gang 34 La Mano Con Ojos gang small cell of Beltran Leyva members in the State of Mexico Disbanded La Nueva Administracion Splintered from the Beltran Leyva Cartel Disbanded La Oficina gang cell of the Beltran Leyva Cartel in Aguascalientes Disbanded Cartel de la Sierra cell in Guerrero 35 36 Cartel de La Calle cell in Chiapas 37 38 Los Chachos gang in Tamaulipas Disbanded 39 40 Tijuana Cartel Spawned from the Guadalajara Cartel Oaxaca Cartel Was a branch of the disbanded Tijuana Cartel its regional leader was captured in 2007 Juarez Cartel Spawned from the Guadalajara Cartel La Linea Juarez Cartel enforcer squad Barrio Azteca U S street gang 41 Allied with La Linea nbsp El Azul was a Mexican drug lord He was a former Mexican secret police DFS agent Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel Caborca Cartel Lesser known small criminal organizations Los Mexicles U S street gang 42 Los Texas street gang disbanded 43 Government officials Other organizations that have been involved in drug trade or traffic in Mexico Mexican officials Municipal state and Federal Police forces in Mexico 44 45 46 Mexican Armed Forces Army and Navy 47 48 49 50 51 52 Mexico City International Airport 53 Club Xoloitzcuintles football 54 55 United States officials U S Customs and Border Protection 56 57 United States edit nbsp Map of violent crime per 100 000 people in the US by state in 2016The United States of America is the world s largest consumer of cocaine 58 and other illegal drugs 59 60 61 This is a list of American criminal organizations involved in illegal drug traffic drug trade and other related crimes in the United States National Crime Syndicate 18 62 Seven Group 18 62 Murder Inc 18 63 Polish Mob Saltis McErlane Gang 62 Kielbasa Posse 64 The Greenpoint Crew 65 Flats Mob The Flathead gang 66 Prohibition era gangs Galveston Downtown Gang Beach Gang The Maceo syndicate Shelton Brothers Gang 62 67 Sheldon Gang 62 Broadway Mob 62 The Lanzetta Brothers Circus Cafe Gang 62 Wandering Family Remus organization Hispanic American Marielitos The Corporation 18 Paisas Nuestra Familia nbsp Area of influence map of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel in the United States Surenos or SUR 13 Nortenos or Norte 14 Puerto Rican mafia Agosto organization La ONU Martinez Familia Sangeros Solano organization Negri organization Marquez gambling ring Polanco Rodriguez organization 14 Los Angeles See also Rampart scandal Nash gang 68 Wonderland Gang 68 Crips or Locs Bloods or B Dogs Dixie Mafia 62 Cornbread Mafia 69 Greek American organized crime Philadelphia Greek Mob 70 Velentzas Family 71 Assyrian Chaldean mafia 72 Hawaii The Company Leota mob Wall gang Elkins mob The Chickens and the Bulls Binion mob Johnston gangAmerican Mafia edit Italian immigrants to the United States in the early 19th century formed various small time gangs which gradually evolved into sophisticated crime syndicates which dominated organized crime in America for several decades Although government crackdowns and a less tightly knit Italian American community have largely reduced their power they remain an active force in the underworld Active crime families edit American Mafia The Commission 20 The Five Families of New York City 12 18 20 Bonanno 12 18 19 20 15 73 Indelicato crew The Motion Lounge Crew Colombo 12 18 19 20 15 Scarpa crew Genovese 12 18 19 20 15 73 74 116th Street Crew 20 Greenwich Village Crew 18 New Jersey Crew 15 Gambino 12 18 19 20 15 73 Ozone Park Boys 75 DeMeo crew 20 Baltimore Crew South Florida faction New Jersey faction The Bergin Crew Cherry Hill Gambinos Lucchese 12 19 20 15 74 The Jersey Crew 15 The Vario Crew 18 107th Street gang Magaddino crime family 18 20 DeCavalcante crime family 18 20 15 The Chicago Outfit 12 18 72 20 66 see also Unione Siciliane Las Vegas crew defunct Philadelphia crime family 18 19 20 15 Pittsburgh crime family 20 62 Patriarca crime family 20 Angiulo Brothers crew 20 Cleveland crime family 20 66 Los Angeles crime family 20 Kansas City crime family 20 Trafficante crime family 20 Detroit Partnership 20 62 66 Milwaukee crime family 20 New Orleans crime family 18 20 62 Defunct mafia families edit Morello crime family 18 20 Genna crime family 20 Porrello crime family 20 St Louis crime family 20 Rochester Crime Family 20 Bufalino crime family 20 Dallas crime family 20 Denver crime family 20 San Francisco crime family 20 San Jose crime family 20 Seattle crime family Omaha crime family Licavoli Mob 18 20 Cardinelli gang New York Camorra East Harlem Purple Gang 74 Jewish mafia edit New York City Schultz gang The Bugs and Meyer Mob 63 Shapiro Brothers 63 Yiddish Black Hand 63 Rothstein organization Kaplan gang Rosenzweig gang Boston 69th Street Gang 63 Sagansky organization Solomon organization 63 Los Angeles Mickey Cohen gang mix between Jewish and Italian members 20 62 63 The Purple Gang 18 63 66 Zwillman gang 63 Kid Cann s gang 63 Birger mob 67 Cleveland SyndicateAfrican American organized crime edit New York City The Council 76 14 73 Harlem numbers racket 73 Bumpy Johnson gang 73 Supreme Team 77 The Bebos The Country Boys 73 77 Matthews Organization 73 The Family Detroit Black Mafia Family 78 Young Boys Inc 14 Chambers Brothers 14 Philadelphia Black Mafia 18 73 77 Junior Black Mafia 16 Oakland California 69 Mob 77 Baltimore Williams organization drug trafficking 77 Washington D C Rayful Edmond organization 77 Chicago Theodore Roe s gambling ring Stokes organization Atlantic City Aso Posse Miami Miami Boys Rosemond OrganizationIrish Mob edit Prohibition era Chicago gangs North Side Gang 18 62 79 James Patrick O Leary organization John Patrick Looney gang Valley Gang 62 Ragen s Colts 62 Touhy gang Boston Mullen Gang 79 Winter Hill Gang 18 79 Gustin Gang 79 Charlestown Mob Killeen gang 79 Danny Hogan s gang Danny Walsh gang Tom Dennison empire Danny Greene s Celtic Club 18 79 Nucky Johnson s Organization K amp A Gang Enright gang New York Dwyer gang The Westies 18 79 White Hand Gang 18 Higgins gang St Louis Hogan Gang Egan s Rats 62 79 Caribbean edit See also Piracy in the Caribbean and Illegal drugs in Puerto Rico Chadee gang Trinidad and Tobago Jamaican Yardies amp Posses 18 14 16 80 Shower Posse 16 80 POW Posse Tottenham Mandem 81 Star Gang Klans Massive 82 No Limit Soldiers Curacao Phantom death squad Guyana Suri kartel Suriname Zoe Pound Haitian see also Tonton Macoute Dominican drug cartels 83 Paulino organization 84 Feliz organizationSouth America edit Brazil edit Primeiro Comando da Capital based in Sao Paulo Comando Vermelho based in Rio de Janeiro Terceiro Comando based in Rio de Janeiro disbanded 85 Terceiro Comando Puro based in Rio de Janeiro Amigos dos Amigos based in Rio de Janeiro Familia do Norte based in Amazonas Guardioes do Estado based in CearaBolivia edit Bolivian drug cartels See also Garcia Meza regime drug trafficking Chapare Cartel La Corporacion Santa Cruz CartelColombia edit Main article Illegal drug trade in Colombia nbsp Luis Hernando Gomez Bustamante also known as Rasguno arrest performed by the National Police of ColombiaColombia is the largest producer of cocaine in the world 86 and cocaine production in Colombia reached an all time high in 2017 87 Active Colombian drug cartels The Black Eagles Clan del Golfo Oficina de Envigado National Liberation Army Colombia FARC dissidents Los RastrojosHistorical Colombian drug cartels Medellin Cartel Cali Cartel Norte del Valle Cartel North Coast Cartel United Self Defense Forces of Colombia Revolutionary Armed Forces of ColombiaPeru edit Peruvian drug cartels see also Vladimiro Montesinos Zevallos organisationVenezuela edit Historically Venezuela has been a path to the United States for illegal drugs originating in Colombia through Central America and Mexico and Caribbean countries such as Haiti the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico According to the United Nations there has been an increase of cocaine trafficking through Venezuela since 2002 88 In 2005 Venezuela severed ties with the United States Drug Enforcement Administration DEA accusing its representatives of spying 89 Following the departure of the DEA from Venezuela and the expansion of DEA s partnership with Colombia in 2005 Venezuela became more attractive to drug traffickers 90 Between 2008 and 2012 Venezuela s cocaine seizure ranking among other countries declined going from being ranked fourth in the world for cocaine seizures in 2008 91 to sixth in the world in 2012 92 The cartel groups involved include The Cuntrera Caruana Mafia clan moved to Venezuela 93 which became an important hideout as the clan bought hotels and founded various businesses in Caracas and Valencia as well as an extended ranch in Barinas near the Colombian border Venezuela has its own Cosa Nostra family as if it is Sicilian territory according to the Italian police The structure and hierarchy of the Mafia has been entirely reproduced in Venezuela The Cuntrera Caruana clan had direct links with the ruling Commission of the Sicilian Mafia and are acknowledged by the American Cosa Nostra 93 Pasquale Paolo and Gaspare Cuntrera were expelled from Venezuela in 1992 almost secretly smuggled out of the country as if it concerned one of their own drug transports It was imperative they could not contact people on the outside who could have used their political connections to stop the expulsion Their expulsion was ordered by a commission of the Venezuelan Senate headed by Senator Cristobal Fernandez Dalo and his money laundering investigator Thor Halvorssen Hellum They were arrested in September 1992 at Fiumicino airport Rome 94 95 and in 1996 were sentenced to 13 20 years 93 Norte del Valle Cartel In 2008 the leader of the Colombian Norte del Valle Cartel Wilber Varela was found murdered in a hotel in Merida in Venezuela 96 The Cartel of the Suns According to Jackson Diehl Deputy Editorial Page Editor of The Washington Post the Bolivarian government of Venezuela shelters one of the world s biggest drug cartels There have also been allegations that former president Hugo Chavez and Diosdado Cabello being involved with drug trafficking 97 In May 2015 The Wall Street Journal reported from United States officials that drug trafficking in Venezuela increased significantly with Colombian drug traffickers moving from Colombia to Venezuela due to pressure from law enforcement 98 One United States Department of Justice official described the higher ranks of the Venezuelan government and military as a criminal organization with high ranking Venezuelan officials such as National Assembly President Diosdado Cabello being accused of drug trafficking 98 Those involved with investigations stated that Venezuelan government defectors and former traffickers had given information to investigators and that details of those involved in government drug trafficking were increasing 98 Central America edit Honduras edit Honduran drug cartels Matta organization CachirosEl Salvador edit Mara SalvatruchaNicaragua edit Nicaraguan drug cartels see also Contras Oscar Danilo BlandonAsia editEast Asia edit Korea edit Korean criminal organizations see also North Korea s illicit activities Japan edit Japanese criminal organizations edit See also Kenji Doihara Criminal activities The yakuza of Japan are similar to the Italian mafias in that they originated centuries ago and follow a rigid set of traditions but have several aspects that make them unique such as their full body tattoos and their fairly open place in Japanese society Many yakuza groups are umbrella organizations smaller gangs reporting to a larger crime syndicate Active yakuza groups edit Roku daime Yamaguchi gumi 六代目山口組 12 13 18 99 Yon daime Yamaken gumi 四代目山健組 18 99 Ni daime Kodo kai 二代目弘道会 18 Ni daime Takumi gumi 二代目宅見組 99 Go daime Kokusui kai 五代目國粹会 99 Inagawa kai 稲川会 12 18 99 Sumiyoshi kai 住吉会 13 18 99 Sumiyoshi ikka Shinwa kai 住吉一家親和会 Kansuke Juni daime 勘助十二代目 Kobe Yamaguchi gumi Matsuba kai 松葉会 99 Kyokuto kai 極東会 99 Dojin kai 99 道仁会 Kitamura gumi Yon daime Kudo kai 99 四代目工藤會 Roku daime Aizu Kotetsu kai 六代目会津小鉄会 99 Okinawa Kyokuryu kai 沖縄旭琉会 99 Kyushu Seido kai 九州誠道会 Go daime Kyosei kai 五代目共政会 99 San daime Fukuhaku kai 三代目福博会 Soai kai 双愛会 99 Yon daime Kyokuryu kai 四代目旭琉会 99 San daime Kyodo kai 三代目俠道会 99 Taishu kai 太州会 99 Shichi daime Goda ikka 七代目合田一家 99 Toa kai 東亜会 18 Ni daime Azuma gumi 二代目東組 99 Yon daime Asano gumi 四代目浅野組 99 Hachi daime Sakaume gumi 八代目酒梅組 Yon daime Kozakura ikka 四代目小桜一家 99 Ni daime Shinwa kai 二代目親和会 99 Defunct yakuza groups edit Kantō kai 関東会 99 Ni daime Honda kai 二代目本多会 99 Yamaguchi gumi Goto gumi 後藤組 99 Suishin kai 水心会 100 Ichiwa kai 一和会 13 99 San daime Yamano kai 三代目山野会 99 Nakano kai 中野会 18 99 Kyokuto Sakurai soke rengokai 極東桜井總家連合会 99 Chinese edit See also Tiandihui and Kuomintang in Burma CIA connection and opium trade The Triads is a popular name for a number of Chinese criminal secret societies which have existed in various forms over the centuries see for example Tiandihui However not all Chinese gangs fall into line with these traditional groups as many non traditional criminal organizations have formed both in China and the Chinese diaspora Hong Kong based Triads 14K Group 十四K Wo Group 和字頭 Wo Shing Wo 和勝和 Wo On Lok Shui Fong 和安樂 水房 Wo Hop To 和合圖 老和 101 Sun Yee On 新義安 老新 Luen Group 聯字頭 Big Circle Gang 大圈 Sio Sam Ong 小三王 Chinese American gangs See also Tongs Wah Ching 華青 102 Ping On Black Dragons 黑龍 103 Jackson Street Boys 積臣街小子 104 Taiwan based Triads United Bamboo Gang 竹聯幫 105 Four Seas Gang 四海幫 105 Celestial Alliance Mainland Chinese crime groups see also Hanlong Group Chongqing group 重慶組 Defunct Honghuzi gangs Green Gang 青帮 Triads in Cholon Wu BangSoutheast Asia edit See also Manchukuo Drug trafficking Golden Triangle 12 18 76 14 106 Burmese drug cartels see also Myanmar Nationalities Democratic Alliance Army Khun Sa cartel 18 14 see also Mong Tai Army Red Wa see also United Wa State Army and National Democratic Alliance Army Hawngleuk Militia Han cartel Laotian drug cartels see also Ouane Rattikone See also Piracy in the Strait of Malacca Chao pho Red Wa Filipino crime gangs See also Abu Sayyaf and New People s Army Kuratong Baleleng 12 Waray Waray gangs 107 Bahala Na Gang Sigue Sigue Sputnik Putik gang defunct Cambodian crime gangs Teng Bunma organization Malaysian crime gangs Mamak Gang 108 Secret societies in Singapore Ang Soon Tong 洪順堂 Ghee Hin Kongsi 義興公司 Hai San 海山 Wah Kee華記 Ah Kong 阿公Vietnamese Xa Hội Đen edit Binh Xuyen 109 Đại Cathay s mafia during the 60s Năm Cam s mafia of the 90s 12 18 Khanh Trắng s Đồng Xuan Labor Union a crime syndicate under the guise of a legal entity Dung Ha s gang Vũ Xuan Trường s gang a crime syndicate led by Vũ Xuan Trường a government official and also a drug lord South Asia edit See also Haqqani Network and Zomi Revolutionary Army Mafia Raj Dacoit gangsIndia edit Indian mafia See also Insurgency in Northeast India Mumbai D Company ड क पन 13 18 Chhota Rajan gang र जन ग र ह 13 Gawli gang गवल ग र ह 13 Bada Rajan gang Surve gang Mudaliar gang Mastan gang Budesh gang Kalani gang Kala Kaccha Gangs Chaddi Baniyan Gangs Singh gang Veerappan gang Devi gang Pathan mafia Lala gangUttar Pradesh edit Ansari gang Yadav gangBangalore edit Rai gang Ramachandra gang Jayaraj gangSri Lanka edit Sri Lankan criminal groupsPakistan edit Pakistani mafia See also Peoples Aman Committee Tehrik i Taliban Pakistan Muttahida Qaumi Movement and ISI involvement with drugs Chotu gang Lyari Gang Afridi NetworkAfghanistan edit Golden Crescent 12 14 Afghan drug cartels 13 72 see also Taliban Noorzai Organization 110 Khan organization Karzai organization alleged Bagcho organizationMiddle East edit See also Shabeeha al Qaeda in Iraq Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant Mokhtar Belmokhtar and Piracy in the Persian Gulf 111 112 Israeli mafia 12 72 113 see also Stern Gang Abergil Crime Family משפחת הפשע אברג יל 12 13 Alperon crime family משפחת הפשע אלפרון 12 Zeev Rosenstein organization ארגון זאב רוזנשטיין 12 Palestinian organized crime See also Abu Nidal Organization Doghmush clan Turkish mafia 12 13 114 Crime groups in Turkey see also Deep state and Yuksekova Gang Kilic gang 18 Cakici gang 18 114 Yaprak Family Topal organisation Soylemez Gang Kurdish clans see also Kurdistan Workers Party Involvement in drug trafficking Baybasin clan 114 Canturk crime family Turkish organised crime in Great Britain Arifs 80 115 Turkish organised crime in Germany Arabaci clan 116 Imac clan Netherlands Iranian organized crime see also Jundallah and illegal activities of the IRGC Tahvili crime family 117 Lebanese mafia See also Lebanese Civil War militias Arab crime clans Miri Clan Al Zein Clan Ibrahim clanCentral Asia edit Uzbek mafia See also Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Rakhimov organization Kyrgyz mafia Erkinbayev group Akmatbayev group Kolbayev groupEurasia editRussia edit Although organized crime existed in the Soviet era the gangs really gained in power and international reach during the transition to capitalism The term Russian Mafia mafiya or mob is a blanket and somewhat inaccurate term for the various organized crime groups that emerged in this period from the 15 former republics of the USSR and unlike their Italian counterparts does not mean members are necessarily of Russian ethnicity or uphold any ancient criminal traditions although this is the case for some members Russian Jewish mafia Brighton Beach Agron gang 18 118 Nayfeld gang 118 Balagula gang 118 Mogilevich organization 13 119 Brothers Circle Existence is debatable Russian mafia See also Lubyanka Criminal Group Three Whales Corruption Scandal and Sergei Magnitsky Moscow Izmaylovskaya gang 13 119 Solntsevskaya bratva 12 13 18 119 New York branch 119 Orekhovskaya gang 119 St Petersburg See also Baltik Eskort Tambov Gang 119 Togliatti mafia Uralmash gang Lazovsky gang Vladivostok gang Kurganskaya group Tsapok gang Elephants group Kazan gangNorth Caucasia edit See also Caucasus Emirate Chechen mafia 12 13 119 See also Special Purpose Islamic Regiment and Kadyrovtsy Obschina 119 Labazanov gang 18 Georgia edit Georgian mafia 119 See also Mkhedrioni and Forest Brothers Kutaisi clan 119 120 Tbilisi clan 120 21st Century AssociationArmenia edit Armenian mafia 121 Mirzoyan Terdjanian organization 121 Armenian Power 121 Azerbaijan edit Azeri mafia Janiev organization 122 Europe editSweden edit Original Gangsters 123 Fucked For Life 123 Uppsalamaffian Chosen Ones Werewolf Legion Asir VarvadersliganNetherlands edit Organized crime in the Netherlands Bruinsma drug gang 18 Holleeder gang 18 Moroccan mafiaFrance edit French Milieu See also Service d Action Civique Corsican mafia 18 106 124 see also National Liberation Front of Corsica Unione Corse 76 14 Brise de Mer gang 124 Les Caids Des Cites Faid gang The Barbarians 125 Wigs gang North African Brigade see also Carlingue Tractions Avant gang 126 Bande des Trois Canards French gypsy gangs Hornec gang 124 Greece edit Greek mafiaIreland edit Ireland Dublin Cahill gang 18 80 Gilligan gang 18 80 Foley gang Hyland gang Dunne gang The Westies Limerick McCarthy Dundon Keane Collopy Rathkeale Rovers Kinahan Organised Crime GroupSpain edit Spain Galician mafia Romani clans El Clan De La PacaPoland edit Poland See also Group 13 Pruszkow mafia Wolomin mafiaSlovakia edit Slovak mafia Hungaro Slovak mafiaHungary edit Raffael clan Sztojka clanCzech Republic edit Mrazek organization Krejcir organizationItaly edit Sicilian Mafia 12 13 18 20 17 113 Sicilian Mafia Commission Mandamenti See also List of Sicilian Mafia clans Cuntrera Caruana Mafia clan Inzerillo Mafia clan Corleonesi 12 18 Greco Mafia clan Motisi Mafia clan Ndrangheta 12 18 17 La Provincia See also List of ndrine Honoured Society Melbourne 127 Mammoliti ndrina Bellocco ndrina Cataldo ndrina Commisso ndrina Cordi ndrina De Stefano ndrina Pesce ndrina Barbaro ndrina Piromalli ndrina Serraino ndrina Siderno Group 19 Camorra 12 18 72 17 Secondigliano Alliance Licciardi clan 17 Contini clan 17 Lo Russo clan 17 Mallardo clan 17 Di Lauro Clan 17 Casalesi clan 17 Fabbrocino clan 17 Vollaro clan 17 Scissionisti di Secondigliano 17 La Torre clan 17 Polverino clan Rinaldi clan De Luca Bossa clan Aprea Cuccaro clan Cesarano clan Puca clan Sacra Corona Unita 12 13 18 17 Societa foggiana 128 129 Stidda 18 Mala del Brenta 17 Banda della Magliana 130 Mafia Capitale Sinti Casamonica clan Clan Spada di Ostia Milanese gangs Banda della Comasina 131 Turatello crewBalkans edit Balkan organized crime gained prominence in the chaos following the communist era notably the transition to capitalism and the wars in former Yugoslavia Albanian mafia 12 13 17 Kosovan mafia Albania Gang of Cole Gang of Gaxhai Gang of Pusi i Mezinit Lazarat marijuana growers Rudaj Organization 132 New York City Gang of Ismail Lika Dobroshi gang 133 International Naserligan 123 Sweden K Falangen Sweden Bosnian mafia 12 Prazina gang 113 Bajramovic gang Delalic gang M Falangen Sweden Bulgarian mafia 13 18 see also Multigroup VIS 13 18 SIC Karamanski gang TIM Naglite Rashkov clan Serbian mafia 12 13 Arkan clan 13 113 Zemun Clan 13 Joca Amsterdam gang Magas clan Giska gang Pink Panthers 134 Serb mafia in Scandinavia Kotur mob Yugoslav Brotherhood Montenegrin mafia 12 13 see also allegations of Milo Đukanovic s involvement in cigarette smuggling Macedonian mafia Frankfurt mafia Bajrush klan Nezim klan Romanian mafia Băhăian organisationGreat Britain edit See also List of organisations known as the Irish Republican Army and Ulster loyalism Paramilitary and vigilante groups London Adams crime family 18 115 The Richardson Gang 18 80 135 The Firm 18 80 135 The Syndicate Comer gang Buttmarsh Boys Interwar era mobs Messina Brothers 18 80 135 Sabini syndicate 18 80 135 Hoxton Gang 80 135 Elephant and Castle Mob 80 135 Birmingham Boys 18 135 Essex Boys Manchester Quality Street Gang 80 Noonan firm 80 Cheetham Hillbillies The Gooch Close Gang Liverpool Curtis Warren s drug empire 18 Whitney gang Aggi Crew 115 Glasgow McGraw firm 18 Thompson firm 18 80 Delta Crime Syndicate Bestwood CartelUkraine edit Ukrainian mafia Donetsk Clan Salem gangLithuania edit Lithuanian mafia Vilnius Brigade 136 Estonia edit Estonian mafia Obtshak Linnuvabriku groupTransnistria edit Transnistrian mafiaAustralia editSee also Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union and Nugan Hand Bank Sydney 5T gang 137 1985 1999 Freeman gang defunct Lenny s gang 1960s Mr Sin s gang Razor gangs 138 1920s Melbourne Carlton Crew 18 127 Moran family 127 Williams family 127 Pettingill family Richmond gang Perth Salvator cartel 139 References edit Va Marina por halcones del crimen organizado Blog del Narco 21 April 2011 Archived from the original on 27 August 2011 Bowden Charles Feb 6 2011 El sicario un documental proscrito en Mexico 1 Archived from the original on 2016 04 11 Bowden Charles F Feb 6 2011 El sicario un documental proscrito en Mexico 2 Archived from the original on 2016 06 30 Ejercito detiene a 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Drug cartels Mexico Drug Cartels a Growing Threat Worldpress 2006 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Drug cartel amp oldid 1218129199 Asia, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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