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List of United States senators expelled or censured

October 24, 2023

The United States Constitution gives the Senate the power to expel any member by a two-thirds vote.[1] This is distinct from the power over impeachment trials and convictions that the Senate has over executive and judicial federal officials: the Senate ruled in 1798 that senators could not be impeached, but only expelled, while debating the impeachment trial of William Blount, who had already been expelled.[2] Expulsion has not occurred since the Civil War.[1]

Censure, a lesser punishment which represents a formal statement of disapproval, has been more common since the start of the 20th century. Although censure carries no formal punishment, only one senator (Benjamin R. Tillman) of the nine to be censured has ever been re-elected. Unlike the House of Representatives, which also disciplines by reprimand, a censure is the weakest form of discipline the Senate issues.

Expelled senators Edit

Expulsion proceedings not resulting in expulsion Edit

Many expulsion proceedings have been begun by the Senate that did not lead to expulsion. In most cases, the expulsion failed to secure the necessary two-thirds vote, in other cases the senator in question resigned while proceedings were taking place, and some proceedings ended when a senator died or his term expired.

Year Senator Party State Result Details
1808 John Smith Democratic-Republican Ohio Not expelled Assisted Aaron Burr's western expedition; resigned two weeks after expulsion failed
1856 Henry Mower Rice Democratic Minnesota Not expelled Charged with corruption
1862 Lazarus W. Powell Democratic Kentucky Not expelled Accused of supporting the Confederate rebellion
1862 James F. Simmons Republican Rhode Island Resigned Charged with corruption
1873 James W. Patterson Republican New Hampshire Term expired Charged with corruption
1893 William N. Roach Democratic North Dakota Not expelled Charged with embezzlement; Senate determined that charges were too far in the past
1905 John H. Mitchell Republican Oregon Died during proceedings Charged with corruption
1906 Joseph R. Burton Republican Kansas Resigned Convicted (upheld by the Supreme Court) for receiving compensation for intervening with a federal agency
1907 Reed Smoot Republican Utah Not expelled Senate committee asserted that Smoot, as a Mormon, belonged to a religion incompatible with US law; Senate found 43-27 that this was not relevant
1919 Robert M. La Follette Republican Wisconsin Not expelled Charged with disloyalty for a speech opposing entry into World War I; Senate found 50-21 that this was not warranted
1922 Truman Handy Newberry Republican Michigan Resigned Convicted of election fraud (later overturned) for excessive spending in a primary election
1924 Burton K. Wheeler Democratic Montana Not expelled Indicted for conflict of interest after serving in legal cases to which the United States was a party; exonerated by Senate 56-5
1934 John H. Overton Democratic Louisiana Not expelled Both investigated for electoral fraud
Huey Long
1942 William Langer Republican North Dakota Not expelled Charged with corruption and moral turpitude while Governor of North Dakota; full senate voted against expulsion 52-30
1982 Harrison A. Williams Democratic New Jersey Resigned Convicted of bribery and conspiracy in the Abscam scandal; resigned before a vote by the full Senate
1995 Bob Packwood Republican Oregon Resigned Charged with sexual misconduct and abuse of power; resigned before Senate vote
2011 John Ensign Republican Nevada Resigned Charged with financial improprieties stemming from an extramarital affair; resigned before Senate vote

Censured senators Edit

Year Senator Party State Reason
1811 Timothy Pickering Federalist Massachusetts Reading confidential documents in open Senate session before an injunction of secrecy was removed.
1844 Benjamin Tappan Democratic Ohio Released to the New York Evening Post a copy of President John Tyler's message to the Senate regarding the treaty of annexation between the United States and the Republic of Texas.
1902 Benjamin Tillman Democratic South Carolina Fighting on the Senate floor with each other.
John L. McLaurin
1929 Hiram Bingham III Republican Connecticut Employed Charles Eyanson as a Senate staff member while Eyanson was employed by the Manufacturers Association of Connecticut.
1954 Joseph McCarthy Republican Wisconsin Refusal to cooperate with and verbal abuse of the members of the Subcommittee on Privileges and Elections during a 1952 investigation of his conduct, and of the Select Committee to Study Censure.
1967 Thomas J. Dodd Democratic Connecticut Use of his office to convert campaign funds to his personal benefit, and conduct unbecoming a senator.
1979 Herman Talmadge Democratic Georgia Improper financial conduct, accepting reimbursements for official expenses not incurred, and improper reporting of campaign receipts and expenditures. Talmadge was technically "denounced," rather than censured.
1990 David Durenberger Republican Minnesota Unethical conduct relating to reimbursement of Senate expenses and acceptance of outside payments and gifts.

See also Edit

Federal politicians:

State and local politics:

References Edit

  1. ^ a b Brockell, Gillian (January 5, 2021). "The senators who were expelled after refusing to accept Lincoln's election". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 5, 2021.
  2. ^ . U.S. Senate. Archived from the original on November 17, 2002. Retrieved July 3, 2009.

Sources Edit

  • . Official website of the United States Senate. Archived from the original on November 15, 2002. Retrieved September 29, 2006.

October 24, 2023
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The United States Constitution gives the Senate the power to expel any member by a two thirds vote 1 This is distinct from the power over impeachment trials and convictions that the Senate has over executive and judicial federal officials the Senate ruled in 1798 that senators could not be impeached but only expelled while debating the impeachment trial of William Blount who had already been expelled 2 Expulsion has not occurred since the Civil War 1 Censure a lesser punishment which represents a formal statement of disapproval has been more common since the start of the 20th century Although censure carries no formal punishment only one senator Benjamin R Tillman of the nine to be censured has ever been re elected Unlike the House of Representatives which also disciplines by reprimand a censure is the weakest form of discipline the Senate issues Contents 1 Expelled senators 2 Expulsion proceedings not resulting in expulsion 3 Censured senators 4 See also 5 References 5 1 SourcesExpelled senators EditYear Senator Party State Reason1797 William Blount Democratic Republican Tennessee Treason and conspiracy to incite the Creek and Cherokee Indians to assist Great Britain in invading Spanish Florida 1861 James M Mason Democratic Virginia Supporting Confederate rebellion Sebastian s expulsion was posthumously reversed in 1877 Robert M T Hunter DemocraticThomas Lanier Clingman Democratic North CarolinaThomas Bragg DemocraticJames Chesnut Jr Democratic South CarolinaAlfred O P Nicholson Democratic TennesseeWilliam K Sebastian Democratic ArkansasCharles B Mitchel DemocraticJohn Hemphill Democratic TexasLouis Wigfall DemocraticJohn C Breckinridge Democratic Kentucky1862 Trusten Polk Democratic MissouriWaldo P Johnson DemocraticJesse D Bright Democratic IndianaExpulsion proceedings not resulting in expulsion EditMany expulsion proceedings have been begun by the Senate that did not lead to expulsion In most cases the expulsion failed to secure the necessary two thirds vote in other cases the senator in question resigned while proceedings were taking place and some proceedings ended when a senator died or his term expired Year Senator Party State Result Details1808 John Smith Democratic Republican Ohio Not expelled Assisted Aaron Burr s western expedition resigned two weeks after expulsion failed1856 Henry Mower Rice Democratic Minnesota Not expelled Charged with corruption1862 Lazarus W Powell Democratic Kentucky Not expelled Accused of supporting the Confederate rebellion1862 James F Simmons Republican Rhode Island Resigned Charged with corruption1873 James W Patterson Republican New Hampshire Term expired Charged with corruption1893 William N Roach Democratic North Dakota Not expelled Charged with embezzlement Senate determined that charges were too far in the past1905 John H Mitchell Republican Oregon Died during proceedings Charged with corruption1906 Joseph R Burton Republican Kansas Resigned Convicted upheld by the Supreme Court for receiving compensation for intervening with a federal agency1907 Reed Smoot Republican Utah Not expelled Senate committee asserted that Smoot as a Mormon belonged to a religion incompatible with US law Senate found 43 27 that this was not relevant1919 Robert M La Follette Republican Wisconsin Not expelled Charged with disloyalty for a speech opposing entry into World War I Senate found 50 21 that this was not warranted1922 Truman Handy Newberry Republican Michigan Resigned Convicted of election fraud later overturned for excessive spending in a primary election1924 Burton K Wheeler Democratic Montana Not expelled Indicted for conflict of interest after serving in legal cases to which the United States was a party exonerated by Senate 56 51934 John H Overton Democratic Louisiana Not expelled Both investigated for electoral fraudHuey Long1942 William Langer Republican North Dakota Not expelled Charged with corruption and moral turpitude while Governor of North Dakota full senate voted against expulsion 52 301982 Harrison A Williams Democratic New Jersey Resigned Convicted of bribery and conspiracy in the Abscam scandal resigned before a vote by the full Senate1995 Bob Packwood Republican Oregon Resigned Charged with sexual misconduct and abuse of power resigned before Senate vote2011 John Ensign Republican Nevada Resigned Charged with financial improprieties stemming from an extramarital affair resigned before Senate voteCensured senators EditYear Senator Party State Reason1811 Timothy Pickering Federalist Massachusetts Reading confidential documents in open Senate session before an injunction of secrecy was removed 1844 Benjamin Tappan Democratic Ohio Released to the New York Evening Post a copy of President John Tyler s message to the Senate regarding the treaty of annexation between the United States and the Republic of Texas 1902 Benjamin Tillman Democratic South Carolina Fighting on the Senate floor with each other John L McLaurin1929 Hiram Bingham III Republican Connecticut Employed Charles Eyanson as a Senate staff member while Eyanson was employed by the Manufacturers Association of Connecticut 1954 Joseph McCarthy Republican Wisconsin Refusal to cooperate with and verbal abuse of the members of the Subcommittee on Privileges and Elections during a 1952 investigation of his conduct and of the Select Committee to Study Censure 1967 Thomas J Dodd Democratic Connecticut Use of his office to convert campaign funds to his personal benefit and conduct unbecoming a senator 1979 Herman Talmadge Democratic Georgia Improper financial conduct accepting reimbursements for official expenses not incurred and improper reporting of campaign receipts and expenditures Talmadge was technically denounced rather than censured 1990 David Durenberger Republican Minnesota Unethical conduct relating to reimbursement of Senate expenses and acceptance of outside payments and gifts See also EditList of New York State Legislature members expelled or censured Censure in the United States List of federal political scandals in the United States List of federal political sex scandals in the United StatesFederal politicians List of United States representatives expelled censured or reprimanded List of American federal politicians convicted of crimesState and local politics List of American state and local politicians convicted of crimesReferences Edit a b Brockell Gillian January 5 2021 The senators who were expelled after refusing to accept Lincoln s election The Washington Post Retrieved January 5 2021 Senate historical minutes U S Senate Archived from the original on November 17 2002 Retrieved July 3 2009 Sources Edit Expulsion and Censure Official website of the United States Senate Archived from the original on November 15 2002 Retrieved September 29 2006 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of United States senators expelled or censured amp oldid 1178699712, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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