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List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Greater London

January 01, 1970

This article is about SSSIs in Greater London. For other counties, see List of SSSIs by Area of Search.

In England, Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) are designated by Natural England, which is responsible for protecting England's natural environment. Designation as an SSSI gives legal protection to the most important wildlife and geological sites.[1] As of August 2019, there are 37 sites designated in Greater London,[2] 30 of which have been designated for their biological interest and 7 for their geological interest. Two sites are Special Protection Areas, three are Special Areas of Conservation, one is a Ramsar wetland site, two are national nature reserves, nine are local nature reserves, seven are Geological Conservation Review sites, one is a Nature Conservation Review site, one is on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens and one includes a scheduled monument. Three sites are managed by the London Wildlife Trust, two by the Essex Wildlife Trust, two by the Kent Wildlife Trust, one by the Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust, one by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and one by the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust.

Frays River in Frays Farm Meadows

Greater London is one of the largest urban areas in Europe, with an area of 1,572 km2 (607 sq mi).[3] Its boundaries were set in 1965 when Greater London, which covers the 32 London boroughs and the City of London, was created. Almost two-thirds of it is green space and wetlands.[4] Its population according to the 2011 census was 8.17 million.[5]

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Key edit

Interest edit

  • B = a site of biological interest
  • G = a site of geological interest

Access edit

  • Yes = free public access to all or most of the site
  • PP = free public access to part of the site
  • PL = public access at limited times
  • No = no public access

Other classifications edit

Sites edit

Site name Photograph B G Area[a] Public
access 		Location[a] Other class­ific­ations Map[a] Citation[a] Description
Abbey Wood      Y 6.3 hectares (16 acres) Yes Abbey Wood
51°29′13″N 0°07′46″E / 51.48706°N 0.12942°E / 51.48706; 0.12942 (Abbey Wood)
TQ481786 		GCR[6] Map The site exposes rocks dating to the late Palaeocene and early Eocene 50 to 60 million years ago. It has yielded one of only two Palaeocene birds found in Britain, the holotype of Marinavis longirostris, a large Procellariiform.[7][8]
Barn Elms Wetland Centre    Y   29.9 hectares (74 acres) Yes Barnes
51°28′43″N 0°13′59″W / 51.4786°N 0.2331°W / 51.4786; -0.2331 (Barn Elms Wetland Centre)
TQ228770 		WWT[9] Map Citation The site is a mosaic of wetland areas, with open water, marshland and reed beds. It has nationally important numbers of shovelers, and other birds include gadwalls, little grebes, grey herons, mute swans and little ringed plovers.[10]
Bentley Priory    Y   55.1 hectares (136 acres) Yes Stanmore
51°37′19″N 0°19′48″W / 51.622°N 0.330°W / 51.622; -0.330 (Bentley Priory)
TQ156297 		LNR[11] Map The dominant grasses in the site are common bent, red fescue and Yorkshire fog. Uncommon wild flowers include greater burnet, great burnet and spotted orchid. There are many birds including buzzard, spotted flycatcher, and bullfinch[12]
Brent Reservoir    Y   68.6 hectares (170 acres) Yes Hendon
51°34′16″N 0°14′42″W / 51.571°N 0.245°W / 51.571; -0.245 (Brent Reservoir)
TQ217873 		LNR[13] Map Citation The reservoir is mainly significant for its nesting birds, especially great crested grebes. Other birds include coots, little grebes, tufted ducks and gadwalls. There are also areas of swamp and wet woodland.[14]
Bushy Park and Home Park    Y   541.0 hectares (1,337 acres) Yes Teddington
51°24′04″N 0°20′06″W / 51.4010°N 0.3349°W / 51.4010; -0.3349 (Bushy Park and Home Park)
TQ159692 		Map Citation The site has nationally important dead and decaying wood invertebrates, including the beetles Aeletes atomarius, Stenichnus godarti and Trichonyx sulcicollis. It also has ancient trees and acid grassland.[15]
Chingford Reservoirs    Y   316.3 hectares (782 acres) No Chingford
51°38′23″N 0°01′13″W / 51.6398°N 0.0202°W / 51.6398; -0.0202 (Chingford Reservoirs)
TQ371953 		Map Citation The reservoirs are major wintering grounds for wildfowl, including nationally important populations of shovelers and great crested grebes. There are also important numbers of goldeneye ducks, tufted ducks and goosanders. Over 85 species of wetland birds have been recorded.[16]
Crofton Woods    Y   76.6 hectares (189 acres) Yes Crofton
51°22′44″N 0°03′47″E / 51.379°N 0.063°E / 51.379; 0.063 (Crofton Wood)
TQ437665 		Map This is a large area of ancient woodland on London Clay, which supports many species of trees, shrubs and herbs.[17] Trees in the ancient wood are mainly oak and hazel. It has high botanical diversity, including fourteen species of sedge, and a rich invertebrate fauna.[18]
Croham Hurst    Y   33.6 hectares (83 acres) Yes South Croydon
51°21′03″N 0°04′38″W / 51.3509°N 0.0773°W / 51.3509; -0.0773 (Croham Hurst)
TQ338632 		Map Citation This site, on a steep hill, has a diverse community on its lower slopes of plants dominated by oak and hazel on rich soils overlying chalk. Further up, the trees are mainly beech on Thanet Sands, and towards the top the main trees are oak and birch on the acidic Blackheath pebble beds.[19][20]
Denham Lock Wood    Y   6.3 hectares (16 acres) Yes Denham
51°33′58″N 0°28′44″W / 51.566°N 0.479°W / 51.566; -0.479 (Denham Lock Wood)
TQ055863 		LWT[21] Map This is a poorly drained wet woodland and fen site which is skirted by the Frays River. The main trees are alder and crack willow in the wetter areas, and elsewhere oak and ash with a shrub layer of hazel. In winter there are wildfowl and in spring many flower species. Invertebrates include red cardinal beetles, banded demoiselles and the rare and protected Desmoulin's whorl snail.[22][23][24]
Downe Bank and High Elms    Y   86.8 hectares (214 acres) Yes Downe
51°19′52″N 0°03′50″E / 51.331°N 0.064°E / 51.331; 0.064 (Downe Bank)
TQ438610
51°21′04″N 0°04′30″E / 51.351°N 0.075°E / 51.351; 0.075 (High Elms)
TQ446625 		KWT,[25] LNR[26] Map Citation Downe Bank is a meadow and woodland area associated with Charles Darwin, who lived locally. High Elms is woodland which has locally uncommon species, such as green hellebore, bird's-nest orchid, spurgelaurel and yellow bird's-nest.[27]
Elmstead Pit    Y 0.05 hectares (0.12 acres) No Elmstead
51°25′02″N 0°02′43″E / 51.4171°N 0.0453°E / 51.4171; 0.0453 (Elmstead Pit)
TQ42327066 		GCR[28] Map Citation The pit exposes an important layer of the Oldhaven or Blackheath Beds laid down about 50 million years ago during the Eocene epoch. It has a rich and diverse selection of fossil fauna from a sub-tidal estuarine environment. Fossils include molluscs, sharks' teeth and fish scales.[29]
Epping Forest    Y   1,728.0 hectares (4,270 acres) Yes Epping
51°40′N 0°03′E / 51.66°N 0.05°E / 51.66; 0.05 (Epping Forest)
TL475035 –
TQ405865 		EWT,[30] NCR[30] SAC[31] Map The forest has one of the few major examples of lowland wood pasture in England, with areas of pasture and wetland. According to Natural England it "supports a nationally outstanding assemblage of invertebrates, a major amphibian interest and an exceptional breeding bird community".[30]
Farthing Downs and Happy Valley    Y   120.5 hectares (298 acres) Yes Coulsdon
51°17′56″N 0°07′55″W / 51.299°N 0.132°W / 51.299; -0.132 (Farthing Downs and Happy Valley)
TQ303572 		SM[32] Map This site has chalk and neutral grasslands and an area of ancient woodland. It has the largest British colony of the rare wildflower greater yellow-rattle, and nationally scarce herbs. Eight species of orchid have been recorded.[33]
Frays Farm Meadows    Y   28.2 hectares (70 acres) Yes Denham
51°33′50″N 0°28′35″W / 51.5639°N 0.4765°W / 51.5639; -0.4765 (Frays Farm Meadows)
TQ057861 		LWT,[34] LNR[35] Map Citation The meadows are one of the few remaining examples of unimproved wet alluvial grassland in Greater London. Linear features such as a river, an embankment, ditches and hedges, contribute to the rich diversity of plants and animals. Mammals on site include the nationally endangered water vole.[36][37]
Gilbert's Pit      Y 5.2 hectares (13 acres) Yes Charlton
51°29′20″N 0°02′30″E / 51.4888°N 0.0418°E / 51.4888; 0.0418 (Gilbert's Pit)
TQ418786 		GCR,[38] LNR[39] Map This is an important Lower Tertiary site, displaying one of the most complete sequence of sediments in Greater London. The Paleocene Thanet and Woolwich Beds date to around 55 million years ago. Some of the beds yield many fossils of plants, sponges, molluscs, fish and reptiles.[40]
Hainault Forest    Y   136.0 hectares (336 acres) Yes Hainault
51°37′25″N 0°07′56″E / 51.6236°N 0.1323°E / 51.6236; 0.1323 (Hainault Forest)
TQ477938 		Map Citation This is mainly pedunculate oak and hornbeam on Claygate Beds, glacial gravels and boulder clay. There is a varied flora and fauna, including many bird species, including nightingales, wood warblers and spotted flycatchers.[41]
Hampstead Heath Woods    Y   16.6 hectares (41 acres) Yes Hampstead
51°34′20″N 0°10′08″W / 51.5721°N 0.1689°W / 51.5721; -0.1689 (North Wood, Hampstead Heath)
TQ270875
51°34′03″N 0°10′03″W / 51.5676°N 0.1676°W / 51.5676; -0.1676 (Ken Wood, Hampstead Heath)
TQ271870 		Map Citation The site has many old and over-mature trees, which provide an extensive dead wood habitat for invertebrates, including the nationally rare jewel beetle Agrilus pannonicus. The main trees are sessile oak and beech. The shrub layer is dominated by holly and rowan.[42]
Harefield Pit    Y 1.8 hectares (4.4 acres) Yes Harefield
51°35′53″N 0°29′10″W / 51.598°N 0.486°W / 51.598; -0.486 (Harefield Pit)
TQ049898 		GCR[43][44] Map Citation This is described by Natural England as an important Tertiary site in the London Basin, which displays a sequence through the Upper Chalk, Reading Beds and London Clay. It is the only known source of charophytes in the Reading Beds, and these have potential for correlation with other localities in Europe.[45]
Harrow Weald      Y 3.7 hectares (9.1 acres) Yes Harrow Weald
51°37′24″N 0°20′41″W / 51.6233°N 0.3447°W / 51.6233; -0.3447 (Harrow Weald)
TQ147929 		GCR[46] Map Citation It provides the most complete exposure of early Pleistocene gravel beds. They were formerly thought to have been of marine origin but recent research has cast doubt on this view. It is considered a key site for further studies.[47]
Hornchurch Cutting      Y 0.8 hectares (2.0 acres) Yes Hornchurch
51°33′49″N 0°13′51″E / 51.5636°N 0.2308°E / 51.5636; 0.2308 (Hornchurch Cutting)
TQ547874 		GCR[48] Map This is at the southern edge of the Anglian ice sheet 450,000 years ago, the most extreme ice age during the style="background: #FF8; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="table-maybe"|PL eistocence ice ages of the last 2.58 million years. It is the type site for Hornchurch Till, boulder clay laid down by the ice sheet in the Ingrebourne Valley.[49]
Ingrebourne Marshes    Y   74.8 hectares (185 acres) Yes Hornchurch
51°31′48″N 0°12′25″E / 51.530°N 0.207°E / 51.530; 0.207 (Ingrebourne Marshes)
TQ532835 		EWT,[50] LNR[51] Map The site is the largest area of freshwater marsh in Greater London. It is very diverse, with large areas of reed sweet-grass, common reed swamp, wet neutral grassland and tall fen. There are two nationally rare Red Data Book species, the hoverfly Anasimyia interpuncta and the scarce emerald damselfly Lestes dryas.[52]
Inner Thames Marshes    Y   479.3 hectares (1,184 acres) Yes Purfleet
51°29′24″N 0°13′30″E / 51.490°N 0.225°E / 51.490; 0.225 (Inner Thames Marshes)
TQ531800 		RSPB,[53] LNR[54] Map The site has a wide variety of breeding and wintering birds, with internationally important numbers of wintering teal. The marshes also have rare plants and invertebrates, such as the pondweed Potamogeton pusillus and the emerald damselfly.[55]
Kempton Park Reservoirs    Y   25.6 hectares (63 acres) No Kempton Park
51°25′34″N 0°23′42″W / 51.426°N 0.395°W / 51.426; -0.395 (Kempton Park Reservoirs)
TQ118707 		LNR,[56] Ramsar,[57] SPA[58] Map Waders that breed regularly on the site include northern lapwing, common redshank, ringed plover and little ringed plover. The first successful inland breeding in the British Isles of pied avocet was at this reservoir. Other birds recorded include smew, garganey, Temminck's stint, spotted crake and red-necked phalarope.[59]
Keston And Hayes Commons    Y   26.6 hectares (66 acres) Yes Keston
51°21′30″N 0°02′05″E / 51.3584°N 0.0348°E / 51.3584; 0.0348 (Keston Common)
TQ417643 		Map This site has both acid dry and wet neutral grassland. Heather on dry infertile soil has unusual lichens. There are also areas of valley mire, a brook and ponds.[60]
Mid Colne Valley    Y   132.0 hectares (326 acres) Yes Harefield
51°35′35″N 0°29′38″W / 51.593°N 0.494°W / 51.593; -0.494 (Mid Colne Valley)
TQ043896 		HMWT[61] Map Citation The site is important for its breeding wetland birds and over-wintering water birds. Wintering birds which are present in nationally important numbers are great crested grebes, cormorants, shovelers and tufted ducks, and the number of gadwalls is internationally significant. The River Colne is important for bats, particularly Daubentons.[62]
Old Park Wood    Y   16.7 hectares (41 acres) Yes Harefield
51°36′40″N 0°29′28″W / 51.611°N 0.491°W / 51.611; -0.491 (Old Park Wood)
TQ046913 		HMWT[63] Map Citation The site is dissected by small valleys and has a variety of types of soil and plants. The trees are mainly oak, birch, hornbeam and ash. Golden saxifrage and marsh marigolds grow along small streams and there is a pond which is important for dragonflies and invertebrates.[64][65]
Oxleas Woodlands    Y   72.7 hectares (180 acres) Yes Eltham
51°28′01″N 0°03′58″E / 51.467°N 0.066°E / 51.467; 0.066 (Oxleas Woodlands)
TQ442760 		LNR[66] Map Citation The site is mature woodland on London Clay. Most of it is hazel with pedunculate or sessile oak, or birch and pedunculate oak. Insects include the beetles Oligota flavicormis and Scolytus intricatus, and the fly Dolichopus wahlbergi.[67]
Richmond Park    Y   856.0 hectares (2,115 acres) Yes Richmond
51°26′N 0°16′W / 51.44°N 0.27°W / 51.44; -0.27 (Richmond Park)
TQ200730 		NNR,[68] SAC,[69] RHPG[70] Map Citation The park is an important refuge for wildlife, including woodpeckers, squirrels, rabbits, snakes, frogs, toads, stag beetles and many other insects plus numerous ancient trees and varieties of fungi. It is particularly notable for its rare beetles.[71]
Riddlesdown    Y   32.0 hectares (79 acres) Yes Kenley
51°19′25″N 0°05′33″W / 51.3236°N 0.0926°W / 51.3236; -0.0926 (Riddlesdown)
TQ330600 		Map Citation This is the largest area of calcareous scrub in Greater London, with a herb-rich chalk grassland. There are two nationally rare herbs, early gentian (Gentianella anglica) and round-headed rampion. Invertebrate species include the scarce Roesel's bush-cricket.[72]
Ruislip Woods    Y   305.4 hectares (755 acres) Yes Ruislip
51°35′35″N 0°25′52″W / 51.593°N 0.431°W / 51.593; -0.431 (Ruislip Woods)
TQ081892 		NNR[68] Map Citation This site has some of the largest unbroken blocks of semi-natural woodland in Greater London, almost all on clay soils, and it also has areas of wetland and grassland. It has some rare plant and insect species, including the orchid broad-leaved helleborine and the herb common cow-wheat.[73]
Ruxley Gravel Pits    Y   18.7 hectares (46 acres) No Orpington
51°24′36″N 0°07′01″E / 51.410°N 0.117°E / 51.410; 0.117 (Ruxley Gravel Pits)
TQ474700 		KWT[74] Map Citation There are four water filled pits with areas of fen. Over 500 plants species have been recorded and 169 birds, out of which 53 are breeding species. There are also 23 butterfly species, 23 dragonfly and over 500 beetles. Water quality is high.[75]
Saltbox Hill    Y   22.2 hectares (55 acres) Yes Biggin Hill
51°19′30″N 0°00′33″E / 51.3251°N 0.0093°E / 51.3251; 0.0093 (Saltbox Hill)
TQ402604
TQ408607 		LWT[76] Map Much of this site is chalk grassland which is rich in plants which are rare in Greater London, and it is one of only two sites in London which have the dark green fritillary butterfly. Ten species of orchid and over thirty of butterflies have been recorded. The site also has an area of woodland.[77][78]
Syon Park    Y   21.5 hectares (53 acres) PL Isleworth
51°28′34″N 0°18′29″W / 51.4761°N 0.3080°W / 51.4761; -0.3080 (Syon Park)
TQ176766 		Map Citation This meadow site has reed-grasses on lower ground, with rye-grass and meadow-grass higher up. There are many small ditches, and it is used by many over-wintering birds and has a number of rare invertebrate species, including uncommon flies.[79]
Walthamstow Marshes    Y   36.7 hectares (91 acres) Yes Walthamstow
51°34′14″N 0°03′00″W / 51.5706°N 0.0499°W / 51.5706; -0.0499 (Walthamstow Marshes)
TQ352875 		Map Citation The site has areas of semi-natural wetland and some of drier grassland. There are a variety of marshland breeding birds, and butterflies such as the Essex skipper. Species such as the Roesel's bush-cricket are indicators of ancient marshland.[80]
Walthamstow Reservoirs    Y   178.3 hectares (441 acres) PL Walthamstow
51°35′08″N 0°03′05″W / 51.5855°N 0.0514°W / 51.5855; -0.0514 (Walthamstow Reservoirs)
TQ351892 		SPA[81] Map Citation The Walthamstow Reservoirs support the most notable variety of breeding wetland birds among all of London's drinking water reservoirs. Great crested grebe, pochard, tufted duck, coot, yellow wagtail, sedge warbler and reed warbler are all regular breeding visitors.[82]
Wansunt Pit      Y 1.9 hectares (4.7 acres) PP Dartford
51°26′28″N 0°10′37″E / 51.44116°N 0.17701°E / 51.44116; 0.17701 (Wansunt Pit)
TQ514736
TQ515738 		GCR[83] Map Citation The site exposes the Dartford Heath Gravel, and the relationship of this exposure to the Swanscombe sequence and the Thames Terraces is a controversial issue in Thames Pleistocene studies.[84] Stone tools have been found of Homo Heidelbergensis, dating from the Hoxnian Stage, an interglacial period between 424,000 and 374,000 years ago.[85]
Wimbledon Common    Y   346.5 hectares (856 acres) Yes Wimbledon
51°26′02″N 0°14′10″W / 51.434°N 0.236°W / 51.434; -0.236 (Wimbledon Common)
TQ227720 		SAC[86] Map The common has an extensive area of wet acidic heathland, and other areas of dense semi-natural woodland on clay. There are many streams and plants uncommon in the London area. Other features are bog mosses and locally important breeding birds.[87]

See also edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sites of Special Scientific Interest in London.

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b c d Maps and citations for each site are taken from the Natural England database. The area and location of the site is shown on the citation.

References edit

  1. ^ "Sites of Special Scientific Interest: Designation". Natural England. from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  2. ^ "SSSIs in Greater London". Natural England. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  3. ^ Watson, Jo (25 July 2009). (PDF). Natural England. Archived from the original (pdf) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
  4. ^ . Natural England. Archived from the original on 12 January 2008. Retrieved 28 May 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  5. ^ (PDF). Greater London Authority. July 2012. Archived from the original (pdf) on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  6. ^ "Geological Conservation Review – search results for Abbey Wood". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  7. ^ Natural England Citation, Abbey Wood
  8. ^ "Geological Conservation Review, Volume 16: Fossil Fishes of Great Britain, Chapter 14: British Cenozoic fossil fishes sites, Site: ABBEY WOOD (GCR ID: 2903), 1980–2007" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  9. ^ "London Wetland Centre". Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust. from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  10. ^ "Barn Elms Wetland Centre citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  11. ^ . Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. 1 March 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  12. ^ "Harrow Heritage Trust, Bentley Priory Nature Reserve". from the original on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  13. ^ "Brent Reservoir/Welsh Harp". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. 1 March 2013. from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  14. ^ "Brent Reservoir citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  15. ^ "Bushy Park and Home Park citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  16. ^ (PDF). Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  17. ^ Natural England, Crofton Woods citation
  18. ^ "Crofton Wood". Greenspace Information for Greater London. 2006. Archived from the original on 24 December 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  19. ^ (PDF). Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2009.
  20. ^ "Croydon Online, Croham Hurst". from the original on 19 August 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  21. ^ "Denham Lock Wood". London Wildlife Trust. from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  22. ^ "London Wildlife Trust, Denham Lock Wood". from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  23. ^ (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  24. ^ London Wildlife Trust noticeboard in Denham Lock Wood
  25. ^ . Kent Wildlife Trust. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  26. ^ "High Elms". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. 5 March 2013. from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  27. ^ "Downe Bank and High Elms citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  28. ^ "Elmstead Rock Pit, Chislehurst (Palaeogene)". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  29. ^ "Elmstead Pit citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  30. ^ a b c (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  31. ^ "Special Areas of Conservation: Epping Forest". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 20 February 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  32. ^ "Regular aggregate field system, associated trackway and Anglo-Saxon barrow field on Farthing Down, 490m east of Hooley Farm". Historic England. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  33. ^ (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  34. ^ "Frays Farm Meadows SSSI". London Wildlife Trust. from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  35. ^ "Frays Valley". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. 4 March 2013. from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  36. ^ . Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  37. ^ "Natural England Citation, Fray's Farm Meadows" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  38. ^ "Charlton Sand Pit (Gilbert's Pit) (Palaeogene)". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  39. ^ "Maryon Wilson Park and Gilbert's Pit". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. 6 March 2013. from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  40. ^ (PDF). Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  41. ^ "Hainault Forest citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  42. ^ "Hampstead Heath Woods citation" (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  43. ^ "Harefield (Palaeogene)". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  44. ^ "Harefield (Tertiary Palaeobotany)". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
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  46. ^ "Harrow Weald Common (Quaternary of the Thames)". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  47. ^ "Natural England, Harrow Weald citation" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2011.
  48. ^ "Hornchurch Railway Cutting (Quaternary of the Thames)". Joint Nature Conservation Committee. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  49. ^ (PDF). Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  50. ^ "Ingrebourne Valley". Essex Wildlife Trust. from the original on 17 July 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  51. ^ "Ingrebourne Valley". Local Nature Reserves. Natural England. 25 March 2015. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
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January 01, 1970
list, sites, special, scientific, interest, greater, london, this, article, about, sssis, greater, london, other, counties, list, sssis, area, search, england, sites, special, scientific, interest, sssis, designated, natural, england, which, responsible, prote. This article is about SSSIs in Greater London For other counties see List of SSSIs by Area of Search In England Sites of Special Scientific Interest SSSIs are designated by Natural England which is responsible for protecting England s natural environment Designation as an SSSI gives legal protection to the most important wildlife and geological sites 1 As of August 2019 there are 37 sites designated in Greater London 2 30 of which have been designated for their biological interest and 7 for their geological interest Two sites are Special Protection Areas three are Special Areas of Conservation one is a Ramsar wetland site two are national nature reserves nine are local nature reserves seven are Geological Conservation Review sites one is a Nature Conservation Review site one is on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens and one includes a scheduled monument Three sites are managed by the London Wildlife Trust two by the Essex Wildlife Trust two by the Kent Wildlife Trust one by the Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust one by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and one by the Wildfowl amp Wetlands Trust Frays River in Frays Farm Meadows Greater London is one of the largest urban areas in Europe with an area of 1 572 km2 607 sq mi 3 Its boundaries were set in 1965 when Greater London which covers the 32 London boroughs and the City of London was created Almost two thirds of it is green space and wetlands 4 Its population according to the 2011 census was 8 17 million 5 Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap Download coordinates as KML GPX all coordinates GPX primary coordinates GPX secondary coordinates Contents 1 Key 1 1 Interest 1 2 Access 1 3 Other classifications 2 Sites 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesKey editInterest edit B a site of biological interest G a site of geological interest Access edit Yes free public access to all or most of the site PP free public access to part of the site PL public access at limited times No no public access Other classifications edit EWT Essex Wildlife Trust GCR Geological Conservation Review HMWT Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust KWT Kent Wildlife Trust LNR Local nature reserve LWT London Wildlife Trust NCR Nature Conservation Review NNR National nature reserve Ramsar Ramsar site an internationally important wetland site RHPG Register of Historic Parks and Gardens RSPB Royal Society for the Protection of Birds SAC Special Area of Conservation SM Scheduled monument SPA Special Protection Area WWT Wildfowl amp Wetlands TrustSites editSite name Photograph B G Area a Public access Location a Other class ific ations Map a Citation a Description Abbey Wood nbsp nbsp Y 6 3 hectares 16 acres Yes Abbey Wood51 29 13 N 0 07 46 E 51 48706 N 0 12942 E 51 48706 0 12942 Abbey Wood TQ481786 GCR 6 Map Citation The site exposes rocks dating to the late Palaeocene and early Eocene 50 to 60 million years ago It has yielded one of only two Palaeocene birds found in Britain the holotype of Marinavis longirostris a large Procellariiform 7 8 Barn Elms Wetland Centre nbsp nbsp Y 29 9 hectares 74 acres Yes Barnes51 28 43 N 0 13 59 W 51 4786 N 0 2331 W 51 4786 0 2331 Barn Elms Wetland Centre TQ228770 WWT 9 Map Citation The site is a mosaic of wetland areas with open water marshland and reed beds It has nationally important numbers of shovelers and other birds include gadwalls little grebes grey herons mute swans and little ringed plovers 10 Bentley Priory nbsp nbsp Y 55 1 hectares 136 acres Yes Stanmore51 37 19 N 0 19 48 W 51 622 N 0 330 W 51 622 0 330 Bentley Priory TQ156297 LNR 11 Map Citation The dominant grasses in the site are common bent red fescue and Yorkshire fog Uncommon wild flowers include greater burnet great burnet and spotted orchid There are many birds including buzzard spotted flycatcher and bullfinch 12 Brent Reservoir nbsp nbsp Y 68 6 hectares 170 acres Yes Hendon51 34 16 N 0 14 42 W 51 571 N 0 245 W 51 571 0 245 Brent Reservoir TQ217873 LNR 13 Map Citation The reservoir is mainly significant for its nesting birds especially great crested grebes Other birds include coots little grebes tufted ducks and gadwalls There are also areas of swamp and wet woodland 14 Bushy Park and Home Park nbsp nbsp Y 541 0 hectares 1 337 acres Yes Teddington51 24 04 N 0 20 06 W 51 4010 N 0 3349 W 51 4010 0 3349 Bushy Park and Home Park TQ159692 Map Citation The site has nationally important dead and decaying wood invertebrates including the beetles Aeletes atomarius Stenichnus godarti and Trichonyx sulcicollis It also has ancient trees and acid grassland 15 Chingford Reservoirs nbsp nbsp Y 316 3 hectares 782 acres No Chingford51 38 23 N 0 01 13 W 51 6398 N 0 0202 W 51 6398 0 0202 Chingford Reservoirs TQ371953 Map Citation The reservoirs are major wintering grounds for wildfowl including nationally important populations of shovelers and great crested grebes There are also important numbers of goldeneye ducks tufted ducks and goosanders Over 85 species of wetland birds have been recorded 16 Crofton Woods nbsp nbsp Y 76 6 hectares 189 acres Yes Crofton51 22 44 N 0 03 47 E 51 379 N 0 063 E 51 379 0 063 Crofton Wood TQ437665 Map Citation This is a large area of ancient woodland on London Clay which supports many species of trees shrubs and herbs 17 Trees in the ancient wood are mainly oak and hazel It has high botanical diversity including fourteen species of sedge and a rich invertebrate fauna 18 Croham Hurst nbsp nbsp Y 33 6 hectares 83 acres Yes South Croydon51 21 03 N 0 04 38 W 51 3509 N 0 0773 W 51 3509 0 0773 Croham Hurst TQ338632 Map Citation This site on a steep hill has a diverse community on its lower slopes of plants dominated by oak and hazel on rich soils overlying chalk Further up the trees are mainly beech on Thanet Sands and towards the top the main trees are oak and birch on the acidic Blackheath pebble beds 19 20 Denham Lock Wood nbsp nbsp Y 6 3 hectares 16 acres Yes Denham51 33 58 N 0 28 44 W 51 566 N 0 479 W 51 566 0 479 Denham Lock Wood TQ055863 LWT 21 Map Citation This is a poorly drained wet woodland and fen site which is skirted by the Frays River The main trees are alder and crack willow in the wetter areas and elsewhere oak and ash with a shrub layer of hazel In winter there are wildfowl and in spring many flower species Invertebrates include red cardinal beetles banded demoiselles and the rare and protected Desmoulin s whorl snail 22 23 24 Downe Bank and High Elms nbsp nbsp Y 86 8 hectares 214 acres Yes Downe51 19 52 N 0 03 50 E 51 331 N 0 064 E 51 331 0 064 Downe Bank TQ438610 51 21 04 N 0 04 30 E 51 351 N 0 075 E 51 351 0 075 High Elms TQ446625 KWT 25 LNR 26 Map Citation Downe Bank is a meadow and woodland area associated with Charles Darwin who lived locally High Elms is woodland which has locally uncommon species such as green hellebore bird s nest orchid spurgelaurel and yellow bird s nest 27 Elmstead Pit nbsp Y 0 05 hectares 0 12 acres No Elmstead51 25 02 N 0 02 43 E 51 4171 N 0 0453 E 51 4171 0 0453 Elmstead Pit TQ42327066 GCR 28 Map Citation The pit exposes an important layer of the Oldhaven or Blackheath Beds laid down about 50 million years ago during the Eocene epoch It has a rich and diverse selection of fossil fauna from a sub tidal estuarine environment Fossils include molluscs sharks teeth and fish scales 29 Epping Forest nbsp nbsp Y 1 728 0 hectares 4 270 acres Yes Epping51 40 N 0 03 E 51 66 N 0 05 E 51 66 0 05 Epping Forest TL475035 TQ405865 EWT 30 NCR 30 SAC 31 Map Citation The forest has one of the few major examples of lowland wood pasture in England with areas of pasture and wetland According to Natural England it supports a nationally outstanding assemblage of invertebrates a major amphibian interest and an exceptional breeding bird community 30 Farthing Downs and Happy Valley nbsp nbsp Y 120 5 hectares 298 acres Yes Coulsdon51 17 56 N 0 07 55 W 51 299 N 0 132 W 51 299 0 132 Farthing Downs and Happy Valley TQ303572 SM 32 Map Citation This site has chalk and neutral grasslands and an area of ancient woodland It has the largest British colony of the rare wildflower greater yellow rattle and nationally scarce herbs Eight species of orchid have been recorded 33 Frays Farm Meadows nbsp nbsp Y 28 2 hectares 70 acres Yes Denham51 33 50 N 0 28 35 W 51 5639 N 0 4765 W 51 5639 0 4765 Frays Farm Meadows TQ057861 LWT 34 LNR 35 Map Citation The meadows are one of the few remaining examples of unimproved wet alluvial grassland in Greater London Linear features such as a river an embankment ditches and hedges contribute to the rich diversity of plants and animals Mammals on site include the nationally endangered water vole 36 37 Gilbert s Pit nbsp nbsp Y 5 2 hectares 13 acres Yes Charlton51 29 20 N 0 02 30 E 51 4888 N 0 0418 E 51 4888 0 0418 Gilbert s Pit TQ418786 GCR 38 LNR 39 Map Citation This is an important Lower Tertiary site displaying one of the most complete sequence of sediments in Greater London The Paleocene Thanet and Woolwich Beds date to around 55 million years ago Some of the beds yield many fossils of plants sponges molluscs fish and reptiles 40 Hainault Forest nbsp nbsp Y 136 0 hectares 336 acres Yes Hainault51 37 25 N 0 07 56 E 51 6236 N 0 1323 E 51 6236 0 1323 Hainault Forest TQ477938 Map Citation This is mainly pedunculate oak and hornbeam on Claygate Beds glacial gravels and boulder clay There is a varied flora and fauna including many bird species including nightingales wood warblers and spotted flycatchers 41 Hampstead Heath Woods nbsp nbsp Y 16 6 hectares 41 acres Yes Hampstead51 34 20 N 0 10 08 W 51 5721 N 0 1689 W 51 5721 0 1689 North Wood Hampstead Heath TQ270875 51 34 03 N 0 10 03 W 51 5676 N 0 1676 W 51 5676 0 1676 Ken Wood Hampstead Heath TQ271870 Map Citation The site has many old and over mature trees which provide an extensive dead wood habitat for invertebrates including the nationally rare jewel beetle Agrilus pannonicus The main trees are sessile oak and beech The shrub layer is dominated by holly and rowan 42 Harefield Pit nbsp Y 1 8 hectares 4 4 acres Yes Harefield51 35 53 N 0 29 10 W 51 598 N 0 486 W 51 598 0 486 Harefield Pit TQ049898 GCR 43 44 Map Citation This is described by Natural England as an important Tertiary site in the London Basin which displays a sequence through the Upper Chalk Reading Beds and London Clay It is the only known source of charophytes in the Reading Beds and these have potential for correlation with other localities in Europe 45 Harrow Weald nbsp nbsp Y 3 7 hectares 9 1 acres Yes Harrow Weald51 37 24 N 0 20 41 W 51 6233 N 0 3447 W 51 6233 0 3447 Harrow Weald TQ147929 GCR 46 Map Citation It provides the most complete exposure of early Pleistocene gravel beds They were formerly thought to have been of marine origin but recent research has cast doubt on this view It is considered a key site for further studies 47 Hornchurch Cutting nbsp nbsp Y 0 8 hectares 2 0 acres Yes Hornchurch51 33 49 N 0 13 51 E 51 5636 N 0 2308 E 51 5636 0 2308 Hornchurch Cutting TQ547874 GCR 48 Map Citation This is at the southern edge of the Anglian ice sheet 450 000 years ago the most extreme ice age during the style background FF8 vertical align middle text align center class table maybe PL eistocence ice ages of the last 2 58 million years It is the type site for Hornchurch Till boulder clay laid down by the ice sheet in the Ingrebourne Valley 49 Ingrebourne Marshes nbsp nbsp Y 74 8 hectares 185 acres Yes Hornchurch51 31 48 N 0 12 25 E 51 530 N 0 207 E 51 530 0 207 Ingrebourne Marshes TQ532835 EWT 50 LNR 51 Map Citation The site is the largest area of freshwater marsh in Greater London It is very diverse with large areas of reed sweet grass common reed swamp wet neutral grassland and tall fen There are two nationally rare Red Data Book species the hoverfly Anasimyia interpuncta and the scarce emerald damselfly Lestes dryas 52 Inner Thames Marshes nbsp nbsp Y 479 3 hectares 1 184 acres Yes Purfleet51 29 24 N 0 13 30 E 51 490 N 0 225 E 51 490 0 225 Inner Thames Marshes TQ531800 RSPB 53 LNR 54 Map Citation The site has a wide variety of breeding and wintering birds with internationally important numbers of wintering teal The marshes also have rare plants and invertebrates such as the pondweed Potamogeton pusillus and the emerald damselfly 55 Kempton Park Reservoirs nbsp nbsp Y 25 6 hectares 63 acres No Kempton Park51 25 34 N 0 23 42 W 51 426 N 0 395 W 51 426 0 395 Kempton Park Reservoirs TQ118707 LNR 56 Ramsar 57 SPA 58 Map Citation Waders that breed regularly on the site include northern lapwing common redshank ringed plover and little ringed plover The first successful inland breeding in the British Isles of pied avocet was at this reservoir Other birds recorded include smew garganey Temminck s stint spotted crake and red necked phalarope 59 Keston And Hayes Commons nbsp nbsp Y 26 6 hectares 66 acres Yes Keston51 21 30 N 0 02 05 E 51 3584 N 0 0348 E 51 3584 0 0348 Keston Common TQ417643 Map Citation This site has both acid dry and wet neutral grassland Heather on dry infertile soil has unusual lichens There are also areas of valley mire a brook and ponds 60 Mid Colne Valley nbsp nbsp Y 132 0 hectares 326 acres Yes Harefield51 35 35 N 0 29 38 W 51 593 N 0 494 W 51 593 0 494 Mid Colne Valley TQ043896 HMWT 61 Map Citation The site is important for its breeding wetland birds and over wintering water birds Wintering birds which are present in nationally important numbers are great crested grebes cormorants shovelers and tufted ducks and the number of gadwalls is internationally significant The River Colne is important for bats particularly Daubentons 62 Old Park Wood nbsp nbsp Y 16 7 hectares 41 acres Yes Harefield51 36 40 N 0 29 28 W 51 611 N 0 491 W 51 611 0 491 Old Park Wood TQ046913 HMWT 63 Map Citation The site is dissected by small valleys and has a variety of types of soil and plants The trees are mainly oak birch hornbeam and ash Golden saxifrage and marsh marigolds grow along small streams and there is a pond which is important for dragonflies and invertebrates 64 65 Oxleas Woodlands nbsp nbsp Y 72 7 hectares 180 acres Yes Eltham51 28 01 N 0 03 58 E 51 467 N 0 066 E 51 467 0 066 Oxleas Woodlands TQ442760 LNR 66 Map Citation The site is mature woodland on London Clay Most of it is hazel with pedunculate or sessile oak or birch and pedunculate oak Insects include the beetles Oligota flavicormis and Scolytus intricatus and the fly Dolichopus wahlbergi 67 Richmond Park nbsp nbsp Y 856 0 hectares 2 115 acres Yes Richmond51 26 N 0 16 W 51 44 N 0 27 W 51 44 0 27 Richmond Park TQ200730 NNR 68 SAC 69 RHPG 70 Map Citation The park is an important refuge for wildlife including woodpeckers squirrels rabbits snakes frogs toads stag beetles and many other insects plus numerous ancient trees and varieties of fungi It is particularly notable for its rare beetles 71 Riddlesdown nbsp nbsp Y 32 0 hectares 79 acres Yes Kenley51 19 25 N 0 05 33 W 51 3236 N 0 0926 W 51 3236 0 0926 Riddlesdown TQ330600 Map Citation This is the largest area of calcareous scrub in Greater London with a herb rich chalk grassland There are two nationally rare herbs early gentian Gentianella anglica and round headed rampion Invertebrate species include the scarce Roesel s bush cricket 72 Ruislip Woods nbsp nbsp Y 305 4 hectares 755 acres Yes Ruislip51 35 35 N 0 25 52 W 51 593 N 0 431 W 51 593 0 431 Ruislip Woods TQ081892 NNR 68 Map Citation This site has some of the largest unbroken blocks of semi natural woodland in Greater London almost all on clay soils and it also has areas of wetland and grassland It has some rare plant and insect species including the orchid broad leaved helleborine and the herb common cow wheat 73 Ruxley Gravel Pits nbsp nbsp Y 18 7 hectares 46 acres No Orpington51 24 36 N 0 07 01 E 51 410 N 0 117 E 51 410 0 117 Ruxley Gravel Pits TQ474700 KWT 74 Map Citation There are four water filled pits with areas of fen Over 500 plants species have been recorded and 169 birds out of which 53 are breeding species There are also 23 butterfly species 23 dragonfly and over 500 beetles Water quality is high 75 Saltbox Hill nbsp nbsp Y 22 2 hectares 55 acres Yes Biggin Hill51 19 30 N 0 00 33 E 51 3251 N 0 0093 E 51 3251 0 0093 Saltbox Hill TQ402604 TQ408607 LWT 76 Map Citation Much of this site is chalk grassland which is rich in plants which are rare in Greater London and it is one of only two sites in London which have the dark green fritillary butterfly Ten species of orchid and over thirty of butterflies have been recorded The site also has an area of woodland 77 78 Syon Park nbsp nbsp Y 21 5 hectares 53 acres PL Isleworth51 28 34 N 0 18 29 W 51 4761 N 0 3080 W 51 4761 0 3080 Syon Park TQ176766 Map Citation This meadow site has reed grasses on lower ground with rye grass and meadow grass higher up There are many small ditches and it is used by many over wintering birds and has a number of rare invertebrate species including uncommon flies 79 Walthamstow Marshes nbsp nbsp Y 36 7 hectares 91 acres Yes Walthamstow51 34 14 N 0 03 00 W 51 5706 N 0 0499 W 51 5706 0 0499 Walthamstow Marshes TQ352875 Map Citation The site has areas of semi natural wetland and some of drier grassland There are a variety of marshland breeding birds and butterflies such as the Essex skipper Species such as the Roesel s bush cricket are indicators of ancient marshland 80 Walthamstow Reservoirs nbsp nbsp Y 178 3 hectares 441 acres PL Walthamstow51 35 08 N 0 03 05 W 51 5855 N 0 0514 W 51 5855 0 0514 Walthamstow Reservoirs TQ351892 SPA 81 Map Citation The Walthamstow Reservoirs support the most notable variety of breeding wetland birds among all of London s drinking water reservoirs Great crested grebe pochard tufted duck coot yellow wagtail sedge warbler and reed warbler are all regular breeding visitors 82 Wansunt Pit nbsp nbsp Y 1 9 hectares 4 7 acres PP Dartford51 26 28 N 0 10 37 E 51 44116 N 0 17701 E 51 44116 0 17701 Wansunt Pit TQ514736 TQ515738 GCR 83 Map Citation The site exposes the Dartford Heath Gravel and the relationship of this exposure to the Swanscombe sequence and the Thames Terraces is a controversial issue in Thames Pleistocene studies 84 Stone tools have been found of Homo Heidelbergensis dating from the Hoxnian Stage an interglacial period between 424 000 and 374 000 years ago 85 Wimbledon Common nbsp nbsp Y 346 5 hectares 856 acres Yes Wimbledon51 26 02 N 0 14 10 W 51 434 N 0 236 W 51 434 0 236 Wimbledon Common TQ227720 SAC 86 Map Citation The common has an extensive area of wet acidic heathland and other areas of dense semi natural woodland on clay There are many streams and plants uncommon in the London area Other features are bog mosses and locally important breeding birds 87 See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sites of Special Scientific Interest in London List of Local Nature Reserves in Greater London London Wildlife TrustNotes edit a b c d Maps and citations for each site are taken from the Natural England database The area and location of the site is shown on the citation References edit Sites of Special Scientific Interest Designation Natural England Archived from the original on 6 March 2016 Retrieved 19 April 2016 SSSIs in Greater London Natural England Retrieved 8 August 2019 Watson Jo 25 July 2009 Access to Nature Regional Targeting Plan London PDF Natural England Archived from the original pdf on 14 July 2014 Retrieved 13 July 2014 London Natural England Archived from the original on 12 January 2008 Retrieved 28 May 2014 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link 2011 Census first results London boroughs populations by age by sex PDF Greater London Authority July 2012 Archived from the original pdf on 21 October 2014 Retrieved 6 June 2014 Geological Conservation Review search results for Abbey Wood Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 13 January 2016 Natural England Citation Abbey Wood Geological Conservation Review Volume 16 Fossil Fishes of Great Britain Chapter 14 British Cenozoic fossil fishes sites Site ABBEY WOOD GCR ID 2903 1980 2007 PDF Archived PDF from the original on 7 August 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2016 London Wetland Centre Wildfowl amp Wetlands Trust Archived from the original on 14 January 2016 Retrieved 13 January 2016 Barn Elms Wetland Centre citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Bentley Priory Local Nature Reserves Natural England 1 March 2013 Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 22 January 2014 Harrow Heritage Trust Bentley Priory Nature Reserve Archived from the original on 20 May 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2016 Brent Reservoir Welsh Harp Local Nature Reserves Natural England 1 March 2013 Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 22 January 2014 Brent Reservoir citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Bushy Park and Home Park citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Chingford Reservoirs citation PDF Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Natural England Crofton Woods citation Crofton Wood Greenspace Information for Greater London 2006 Archived from the original on 24 December 2012 Retrieved 10 September 2012 Croham Hurst citation PDF Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 20 March 2009 Croydon Online Croham Hurst Archived from the original on 19 August 2012 Retrieved 31 May 2016 Denham Lock Wood London Wildlife Trust Archived from the original on 5 September 2015 Retrieved 14 January 2016 London Wildlife Trust Denham Lock Wood Archived from the original on 5 September 2015 Retrieved 16 January 2016 Denham Lock Wood citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 20 January 2016 London Wildlife Trust noticeboard in Denham Lock Wood Downe Bank Kent Wildlife Trust Archived from the original on 3 January 2018 Retrieved 14 January 2016 High Elms Local Nature Reserves Natural England 5 March 2013 Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 22 January 2014 Downe Bank and High Elms citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Elmstead Rock Pit Chislehurst Palaeogene Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 5 September 2012 Retrieved 14 January 2016 Elmstead Pit citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 30 May 2016 a b c Epping Forest citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Special Areas of Conservation Epping Forest Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 20 February 2016 Retrieved 14 January 2016 Regular aggregate field system associated trackway and Anglo Saxon barrow field on Farthing Down 490m east of Hooley Farm Historic England Retrieved 14 January 2016 Farthing Downs and Happy Valley citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Frays Farm Meadows SSSI London Wildlife Trust Archived from the original on 31 March 2016 Retrieved 14 January 2016 Frays Valley Local Nature Reserves Natural England 4 March 2013 Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 22 January 2014 Natural England Cows MOOve in to rescue West London Meadow Press release 22 May 2010 Archived from the original on 12 June 2010 Retrieved 31 May 2016 Natural England Citation Fray s Farm Meadows PDF Archived PDF from the original on 5 August 2011 Retrieved 31 May 2016 Charlton Sand Pit Gilbert s Pit Palaeogene Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Maryon Wilson Park and Gilbert s Pit Local Nature Reserves Natural England 6 March 2013 Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 22 January 2014 Gilbert s Pit Charlton SSSI citation PDF Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Hainault Forest citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Hampstead Heath Woods citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived PDF from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 15 December 2014 Harefield Palaeogene Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Harefield Tertiary Palaeobotany Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Natural England Harefield Pit citation PDF Archived PDF from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 18 June 2011 Harrow Weald Common Quaternary of the Thames Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 5 September 2012 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Natural England Harrow Weald citation PDF Archived PDF from the original on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 18 June 2011 Hornchurch Railway Cutting Quaternary of the Thames Joint Nature Conservation Committee Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Hornchurch Cutting citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Ingrebourne Valley Essex Wildlife Trust Archived from the original on 17 July 2016 Retrieved 23 May 2016 Ingrebourne Valley Local Nature Reserves Natural England 25 March 2015 Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Ingrebourne Marshes citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Rainham Marshes Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Archived from the original on 9 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Rainham Marshes Local Nature Reserves Natural England 24 June 2015 Archived from the original on 3 March 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2016 Inner Thames Marshescitation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2016 Kempton Local Nature Reserves Natural England 5 March 2013 Archived from the original on 19 October 2013 Retrieved 15 November 2013 Designated Sites View South West London Waterbodies Ramsar Site Natural England Archived from the original on 9 November 2018 Retrieved 25 October 2018 Designated Sites View South West London Waterbodies Special Protection Areas Natural England Archived from the original on 9 November 2018 Retrieved 25 October 2018 Kempton Park Reservoirs citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 24 October 2012 Retrieved 16 January 2016 Keston and Hayes Commons citation PDF Sites of Special Scientific Interest Natural England Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 31 May 2016 Broadwater Lake Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust Archived from the original on 19 April 2015 Retrieved 16 January 2016 Herts amp Middlesex Wildlife Trust Broadwater Lake Archived from the original on 15 April 2012 Retrieved 27 November 2011 Old Park Wood Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust Archived from the original on 11 April 2015 Retrieved 16 January 2016 Natural England Old Park Wood SSSI designation PDF Archived PDF from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 18 June 2011 Herts amp Middlesex Wildlife Trust Old Park Wood Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Retrieved 8 October 2011 Oxleas Shooters Hill Woodlands Local Nature Reserves Natural England 24 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