As a skilled general on the battlefield, he was one of the few commanders of the Trần Dynasty army during the three Mongol invasions of Đại Việt who did not come from the Trần clan. Besides his military activities, Lê Phụ Trần also took charge of the position royal professor for crown princeTrần Khâm who eventually became the Emperor Trần Nhân Tông. For his merits, the Emperor Trần Thái Tông (Trần Cảnh) decided to grant Lê Phụ Trần a marriage with the former empress (i.e., Trần Cảnh's former wife) Lý Chiêu Hoàng.[2]
There was only a brief account about Lê Phụ Trần (Lê who serves the Trần Dynasty) in historical books as the exact dates of his birth and death were unknown. It was said that his former name was Lê Tần (黎秦) and that he was of Ái Châu origin.[3] According to Đại Việt sử kí toàn thư, Lê Phụ Trần was appointed by the Emperor Trần Thái Tông as middle-ranking court counsellor (Vietnamese: Ngự sử trung tướng) in 1250.[4]
In 1257, the Trần Dynasty had to face with the first Mongol invasion of Đại Việt.[5] In the beginning, the Đại Việt army suffered several defeats by an overwhelming force which had already conquered vast areas of Asia. Several high-ranking officials of the Trần Dynasty were so afraid that Prince Khâm Thiên Trần Nhật Hiệu, younger brother of Thái Tông, even suggested the Emperor that they might escape from Đại Việt to the Song Dynasty.[6] Despite the hardships, Lê Phụ Trần always proved to be not only a courageous general on the battlefield but also a sound official who rightly advised the Emperor retreating in order to preserve the army for a counterattack. It was Lê Phụ Trần who fiercely protected the Emperor from the Mongol army in this retreat, hence he became a close advisor of the Emperor who could discuss with Thái Tông the most important and secret matters about the war.[5] Finally, the Trần Dynasty was able to drive back the invasion and re-established the peace in Đại Việt in December 1257.[7][8]
For his merits during the war of resistance, in 1258 the Emperor Trần Thái Tông decided to grant Lê Phụ Trần a marriage with the former empress Lý Chiêu Hoàng who was downgraded to princess Chiêu Thánh after the 1237 event in which Lý Chiêu Hoàng was forced by grand chancellor Trần Thủ Độ to give up the position of Empress Consort of the Trần Dynasty for her elder sister Thuận Thiên, for the reason that she could not give birth to a child for Trần Thái Tông.[9][10][11] Like the 1237 event, the marriage between Lê Phụ Trần and Princess Chiêu Thánh was criticized in historical books for the lack of moral code in marriage during the Early Trần period.[12] Princess Chiêu Thánh deceased in Cổ Pháp[b] in March 1278 at the age of 61. With the second husband Lê Phụ Trần, she had two children, Marquis Lê Tông and Princess Ứng Thụy Lê Khuê.[14]
Right after the marriage, Trần Thái Tông chose Lê Phụ Trần and Chu Bác Lãm as the Emperor's envoys to the Yuan Dynasty in 1258. In this voyage, Chief Ambassador Lê Phụ Trần was able to negotiate with the Yuan Dynasty for a 3-year period of paying tribute instead of the confused demand of tribute from the Yuan Dynasty before.[12] After the coronation of Trần Thánh Tông in February 1258, Lê Phụ Trần was promoted to commander-in-chief of Đại Việt's navy (Thủy quân đại tướng quân) in June 1259[15] as a part of the Emperor's plan of reinforcing the Trần Dynasty by several recruitements and reorganization of the military division so that the operating and fighting ability of Đại Việt army could be improved.[7][16]
Besides his military activities, Lê Phụ Trần was also a renowned scholar,[17] in 1274, Trần Thánh Tông appointed him for the position of royal professor (Trừ cung giáo thụ) for crown princeTrần Khâm, who eventually became the Emperor Trần Nhân Tông, with two famous scholars Nguyễn Sĩ Cố and Nguyễn Thánh Huấn as assistants.[18]
Notesedit
^"Relying upon the counsel and battlefield prowess of Le Phu Tran and others, Tran Canh rallied his men and returned to the offensive, attacking and pushing back the Mongol force at Thang Long."[1]
^In 2009, "residents in the northern province of Bac Ninh were furious at the local authorities who demolished a 700-year-old shrine to Empress Ly Chieu Hoang under plans to 'restore' the historic site."[13]
phụ, trần, general, trần, dynasty, during, reigns, three, successive, emperors, thái, tông, thánh, tông, nhân, tông, 黎輔陳bornthanglong, Đại, việtdiedĐại, việtspouseprincess, chiêu, thánhissuemarquis, tôngprincess, Ứng, thụy, khuênameslê, tần, 黎秦, housetrần, dyn. Le Phụ Trần was a general of the Trần Dynasty during the reigns of three successive emperors Thai Tong Thanh Tong and Nhan Tong a Le Phụ Trần黎輔陳BornThanglong Đại ViệtDiedĐại ViệtSpousePrincess Chieu ThanhIssueMarquis Le TongPrincess Ứng Thụy Le KhueNamesLe Tần 黎秦 HouseTrần DynastyThis article contains Vietnamese text Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of chữ Nom chữ Han and chữ Quốc ngữ As a skilled general on the battlefield he was one of the few commanders of the Trần Dynasty army during the three Mongol invasions of Đại Việt who did not come from the Trần clan Besides his military activities Le Phụ Trần also took charge of the position royal professor for crown prince Trần Kham who eventually became the Emperor Trần Nhan Tong For his merits the Emperor Trần Thai Tong Trần Cảnh decided to grant Le Phụ Trần a marriage with the former empress i e Trần Cảnh s former wife Ly Chieu Hoang 2 Contents 1 History 2 Notes 3 Citations 4 ReferencesHistory editThere was only a brief account about Le Phụ Trần Le who serves the Trần Dynasty in historical books as the exact dates of his birth and death were unknown It was said that his former name was Le Tần 黎秦 and that he was of Ai Chau origin 3 According to Đại Việt sử ki toan thư Le Phụ Trần was appointed by the Emperor Trần Thai Tong as middle ranking court counsellor Vietnamese Ngự sử trung tướng in 1250 4 In 1257 the Trần Dynasty had to face with the first Mongol invasion of Đại Việt 5 In the beginning the Đại Việt army suffered several defeats by an overwhelming force which had already conquered vast areas of Asia Several high ranking officials of the Trần Dynasty were so afraid that Prince Kham Thien Trần Nhật Hiệu younger brother of Thai Tong even suggested the Emperor that they might escape from Đại Việt to the Song Dynasty 6 Despite the hardships Le Phụ Trần always proved to be not only a courageous general on the battlefield but also a sound official who rightly advised the Emperor retreating in order to preserve the army for a counterattack It was Le Phụ Trần who fiercely protected the Emperor from the Mongol army in this retreat hence he became a close advisor of the Emperor who could discuss with Thai Tong the most important and secret matters about the war 5 Finally the Trần Dynasty was able to drive back the invasion and re established the peace in Đại Việt in December 1257 7 8 For his merits during the war of resistance in 1258 the Emperor Trần Thai Tong decided to grant Le Phụ Trần a marriage with the former empress Ly Chieu Hoang who was downgraded to princess Chieu Thanh after the 1237 event in which Ly Chieu Hoang was forced by grand chancellor Trần Thủ Độ to give up the position of Empress Consort of the Trần Dynasty for her elder sister Thuận Thien for the reason that she could not give birth to a child for Trần Thai Tong 9 10 11 Like the 1237 event the marriage between Le Phụ Trần and Princess Chieu Thanh was criticized in historical books for the lack of moral code in marriage during the Early Trần period 12 Princess Chieu Thanh deceased in Cổ Phap b in March 1278 at the age of 61 With the second husband Le Phụ Trần she had two children Marquis Le Tong and Princess Ứng Thụy Le Khue 14 Right after the marriage Trần Thai Tong chose Le Phụ Trần and Chu Bac Lam as the Emperor s envoys to the Yuan Dynasty in 1258 In this voyage Chief Ambassador Le Phụ Trần was able to negotiate with the Yuan Dynasty for a 3 year period of paying tribute instead of the confused demand of tribute from the Yuan Dynasty before 12 After the coronation of Trần Thanh Tong in February 1258 Le Phụ Trần was promoted to commander in chief of Đại Việt s navy Thủy quan đại tướng quan in June 1259 15 as a part of the Emperor s plan of reinforcing the Trần Dynasty by several recruitements and reorganization of the military division so that the operating and fighting ability of Đại Việt army could be improved 7 16 Besides his military activities Le Phụ Trần was also a renowned scholar 17 in 1274 Trần Thanh Tong appointed him for the position of royal professor Trừ cung giao thụ for crown prince Trần Kham who eventually became the Emperor Trần Nhan Tong with two famous scholars Nguyễn Sĩ Cố and Nguyễn Thanh Huấn as assistants 18 Notes edit Relying upon the counsel and battlefield prowess of Le Phu Tran and others Tran Canh rallied his men and returned to the offensive attacking and pushing back the Mongol force at Thang Long 1 In 2009 residents in the northern province of Bac Ninh were furious at the local authorities who demolished a 700 year old shrine to Empress Ly Chieu Hoang under plans to restore the historic site 13 Citations edit Taylor 2013 p 125 Taylor 2013 pp 109 645 National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 p 205 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 170 a b Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 173 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 pp 172 173 a b Chapuis 1995 p 81 Trần Trọng Kim 1971 p 51 Trần Trọng Kim 1971 p 49 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 pp 164 166 National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 pp 195 196 a b Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 174 Shrine demolition 2009 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 185 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 176 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 180 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 231 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 p 182References editShrine s demise angers residents Vietnamnet vn 2009 04 14 retrieved 14 May 2023 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint date and year link Internet archived on 2009 04 19 Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 Đại Việt sử ky toan thư in Vietnamese Nội cac quan bản ed Hanoi Social Science Publishing House National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 Kham định Việt sử Thong giam cương mục in Vietnamese Hanoi Education Publishing House Taylor Keith W 2013 A History of the Vietnamese Cambridge University Press Trần Trọng Kim 1971 Việt Nam sử lược in Vietnamese Saigon Center for School Materials Chapuis Oscar 1995 A history of Vietnam from Hong Bang to Tu Duc Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 0 313 29622 7 vteTrần imperial familyColour note Emperor Empress Regnant Retired Emperor Prince PrincessTrần KinhTrần HấpTrần LyTrần Hoằng NghiTrần Tự KhanhTrần ThừaLy Huệ TongTrần Thị DungTrần Thủ ĐộPrincess Thuận ThienTrần LiễuTrần Thai TongPrincess Chieu ThanhLe Phụ TrầnTuệ TrungTrần Hưng ĐạoTrần Quốc KhangTrần Thanh TongTrần Ich TắcTrần Quang KhảiTrần Nhật DuậtPhạm Ngũ LaoPrincess Anh NguyenTrần Quốc TảngTrần Nhan TongTrần Khanh DưTrần Đạo TaiPrincess An TưPrincess Huyền TranTrần Quốc ChẩnTrần Anh TongTrần Văn BichPrincess Thụy BảoTrần Minh TongTrần Nguyen ĐanTrần Binh TrọngPrince Cung TucTrần Hiến TongTrần Dụ TongTrần Nghệ TongTrần Duệ TongTrần Thị ThaiNguyễn Phi KhanhDương Nhật LễPrince Trang ĐịnhGiản Định ĐếTrần Thuận TongTrần Phế ĐếNguyễn TraiTrung Quang ĐếTrần Thiếu ĐếNotes Ngo Sĩ Lien 1993 Đại Việt sử ky toan thư in Vietnamese Nội cac quan bản ed Hanoi Social Science Publishing House National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 Kham định Việt sử Thong giam cương mục in Vietnamese Hanoi Education Publishing House Trần Trọng Kim 1971 Việt Nam sử lược in Vietnamese Saigon Center for School Materials Chapuis Oscar 1995 A history of Vietnam from Hong Bang to Tu Duc Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 0313296227Family tree of Vietnamese monarchs Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Le Phụ Trần amp oldid 1174159275, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
