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Ilocos Norte

January 15, 2023

Ilocos Norte, officially the Province of Ilocos Norte (Ilocano: Probinsia ti Ilocos Norte; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Ilocos Norte), is a province of the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region. Its capital is Laoag City, located in the northwest corner of Luzon Island, bordering Cagayan and Apayao to the east, and Abra to the southeast, and Ilocos Sur to the southwest. Ilocos Norte faces the West Philippine Sea to the west and the Luzon Strait to the north.

Ilocos Norte
Province
Province of Ilocos Norte
From top, left to right: Bangui Wind Farm, Sinking bell tower of Laoag, St. Augustine Church in Paoay, Patapat Viaduct in Pagudpud, Cape Bojeador Lighthouse in Burgos and La Paz Sand Dunes.
Flag
Seal
Location in the Philippines
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 18°10′N 120°45′E / 18.17°N 120.75°E / 18.17; 120.75Coordinates: 18°10′N 120°45′E / 18.17°N 120.75°E / 18.17; 120.75
CountryPhilippines
RegionIlocos Region
FoundedFebruary 2, 1818
Capital
and largest city		Laoag
Government
 • GovernorMatthew Manotoc (NP)
 • Vice GovernorCecilia Araneta (NP)
 • LegislatureIlocos Norte Provincial Board
Area
[1]
 • Total3,467.89 km2 (1,338.96 sq mi)
 • Rank38th out of 81
Highest elevation
(Mount Sicapoo)
2,361 m (7,746 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [2]
 • Total609,588
 • Rank53rd out of 81
 • Density180/km2 (460/sq mi)
  • Rank52nd out of 81
Divisions
 • Independent cities0
 • Component cities
2
 • Municipalities
21
 • Barangays559
 • DistrictsLegislative districts of Ilocos Norte
Time zoneUTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP code
2900–2922
IDD : area code +63 (0)77
ISO 3166 codePH-ILN
Spoken languages
HDI 0.78 (High)[3]
HDI rank6th (2019)
Websitewww.ilocosnorte.gov.ph

Ilocos Norte is noted for its distinctive geography and culture.[4][5] This includes numerous examples of well-preserved Spanish colonial era architecture, particularly Saint William's Cathedral in Laoag with its sinking bell tower done in the Earthquake Baroque style,[6] the St. Augustine Church in Paoay which is one of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites in the Philippines[7] and the Cape Bojeador Lighthouse. Famous geographical features include the La Paz Sand Dunes, the beaches of Pagudpud, and the eroded calcarenite Kapurpurawan rock formation in Burgos.[8] It is the birthplace of several notable Philippine leaders including former President Ferdinand E. Marcos,[9] Philippine Revolutionary War general Artemio Ricarte and Iglesia Filipina Independiente founder Gregorio Aglipay.[10] Three wind farms are located in Ilocos Norte. They are located in Burgos, Pagudpud and Bangui with the latter being the first wind power generation plant in the Philippines.[11]

History

Early history

Long before the arrival of the Spaniards there existed an extensive region consisting of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Abra and La Union. Merchants from Japan and China would often visit the area to trade gold for beads, ceramics and silk. The Austronesian inhabitants of the region called their place samtoy, from sao mi toy, which literally meant "our language".

Spanish colonial era

In 1571, the Spanish conquistadors had Manila under their control and they began looking for new sites to conquer. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi's grandson Juan de Salcedo volunteered to lead one of these expeditions. Together with 8 armed boats and 45 men the 22-year-old voyager headed north. On June 13, 1572, Salcedo and his men landed in present-day Vigan then proceeded to Laoag, Currimao and Badoc. As they sailed along the coast they were surprised to see numerous sheltered coves (looc) where the locals lived in harmony. They named the region Ylocos and its people Ylocanos.

As the Christianization of the region grew so did the landscape of the area. Vast tracts of land were utilized for churches and bell towers in line with the Spanish mission of bajo las campanas. In the town plaza it was not uncommon to see garrisons under the church bells. Indigenous peoples living in the Ilocos Region, such as the Yapayao and Isneg, were slowly pushed into living in the sparsely populated but resource-rich mountains, which would expose them to conflicts with developers in later eras, such as during Martial Law under Ferdinand Marcos.[12]: 47 

Spanish colonization of the region was not completely successful. Owing to the abusive practices of many Augustinian friars a number of Ilocanos revolted. Noteworthy of these were the Dingras uprising (1589) and the Pedro Almasan revolt (San Nicolas, 1660). In 1762 Diego Silang led a series of battles aimed at freeing the Ilocano. When he died from his friendly fire his widow Gabriela continued his cause. She too was captured and executed.

In 1807 the sugar cane (basi) brewers of Piddig rose up in arms to protest the government's monopoly of the wine industry. In 1898 the church excommunicated Gregorio Aglipay for refusing to cut off ties with the revolutionary forces of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. Unperturbed, he helped established the Iglesia Filipina Independiente.

In an effort to gain political control and because of the increasing population of the region, a Royal Decree was signed on February 2, 1818, splitting Ilocos into two provinces: Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur. Soon thereafter La Union and Abra became independent provinces.

World War II

After the fall of Corregidor and the subsequent occupation of the Philippines by the Empire of Japan, a number of small guerilla groups formed in the area of Ilocos Norte, some of which resorted to banditry.[13] Governor Roque Ablan Sr., with the help of Philippine Army Lt. Feliciano Madamba, was able to put together a guerilla unit to engage the Japanese forces and to rally the other guerilla groups into a common force. The leaders were assigned specific sectors using a system for distributing news and orders.[13][14]

Martial law era

Ilocos Norte gained additional prominence in December 1965 when Ferdinand Marcos became president, and again when he won a second term in 1969, boosted by debt-driven infrastructure spending that created economic crises and massive social unrest at the beginning of the 1970s.[15][16] Facing the end of his constitutionally allowed presidential terms, he declared martial law in 1972[17] and became dictator under a system of constitutional authoritarianism for fourteen more years.[18] His family and cronies were accused of stealing an estimated US$5 billion to US$10 billion during the 1980s,[19][20] when the Philippine economy went into a nosedive[21] until Marcos was deposed by the civilian-led People Power Revolution of February 1986.[22][23]

Various human rights violations were documented in the Ilocos Norte region during the Marcos martial law era, despite public perception that the region was supportive of Marcos' administration.[12][24] Various farmers from the towns of Vintar, Dumalneg, Solsona, Marcos, and Piddig were documented to have been tortured,[12]: 47–48 [24] and eight farmers in Bangui and three indigenous community members in Vintar were "salvaged" in 1984.[24]

There were also various protests against the Marcos administration at the time, with Aurora Park in the Laoag Plaza being one of the favored places to stage protests.[25] One of the prominent victims of the Martial Law era who came from Laoag was Catholic layperson and social worker Purificacion Pedro, who volunteered in organizations protesting the Chico River Dam Project in the nearby Cordillera Central mountains.[26] Wounded while visiting activist friends in Bataan, she was later killed by Marcos administration soldiers while recuperating in the hospital.[27][28] Another prominent opponent of the martial law regime was human rights advocate and Bombo Radyo Laoag program host David Bueno, who worked with the Free Legal Assistance Group in Ilocos Norte during the later part of the Marcos administration and the early part of the succeeding Aquino administration. He would later be assassinated by motorcycle-riding men in fatigue uniforms on October 22, 1987 – part of a wave of assassinations that coincided with the 1986-87 coup d'état that tried to unseat the democratic government set up after the 1986 People Power Revolution.[29] Both Bueno and Pedro were later honored among the first 65 people to have their names inscribed on the Wall of Remembrance of the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani, which honors the martyrs and heroes who fought the dictatorship,[30] and Pedro was listed among Filipino Catholics nominated to be named Servant of God.[31]

Bangui Wind Farm

In 2005, NorthWind Power Development Corp. began commercial operation of the Bangui Wind Farm in the Municipality of Bangui, having initiated and developed the project in response to a 1996 study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) which identified Bangui as one of the viable sites for wind energy sites in the Philippines.[32] Connected to the Luzon Grid, the project was the first wind farm in Southeast Asia,[33] supplying 40% of Ilocos Norte's electricity needs,[34] and becoming a major tourist site for Bangui.[35] AC Energy, the listed energy platform of the Ayala Group, acquired the controlling shares of Northwind and of the Bangui Wind Farm in 2017.[36]

Recent history

Ilocos Norte was among the provinces affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, reporting its first three cases of COVID-19 on March 31, 2020, including a male patient each from Batac and Paoay, and former senator Bongbong Marcos, who had arrived from travel to Spain.[37][38] Ilocos Norte experienced surges in cases in 2021,[39] with the spike reported in August 2021 being attributed to the Delta variant of the virus.[40]

Geography

Ilocos Norte covers a total area of 3,467.89 square kilometres (1,338.96 sq mi)[41] occupying the northern tip of the Ilocos Region in Luzon. The province is bordered by Cagayan to the extreme northeast, Apayao to the east, and Abra to the southeast, Ilocos Sur to the southwest, the South China Sea to the west, and the Luzon Strait to the north.

Administrative divisions

 
Administrative divisions of Ilocos Norte

Ilocos Norte comprises 21 municipalities and 2 component cities, further subdivided into 559 barangays. There are two legislative districts in the province. Updated classification of municipalities in Ilocos Norte. Updated Income Class of Ilocos Norte Municipalities

Barangays

Ilocos Norte has 559 barangays comprising its 21 municipalities and 2 cities. [43]

The most populous barangay in the province is Barangay No. 1, San Lorenzo (Poblacion) in the City of Laoag with a population of 4,391 in the 2010 census. If cities are excluded, Davila in the municipality of Pasuquin has the highest population, at 3,900. The least populous is Sapat in the municipality of Pasuquin, with only 32. [43]

Further information: List of barangays in Ilocos Norte

Demographics

Population census of Ilocos Norte
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 178,995—    
1918 219,129+1.36%
1939 237,586+0.39%
1948 251,455+0.63%
1960 287,333+1.12%
1970 343,427+1.80%
1975 371,724+1.60%
1980 390,666+1.00%
1990 461,661+1.68%
1995 482,651+0.84%
2000 514,241+1.37%
2007 547,284+0.86%
2010 568,017+1.36%
2015 593,081+0.83%
2020 609,588+0.54%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [42] [43][44]

The population of Ilocos Norte in the 2020 census was 609,588 people, [2] with a density of 180 inhabitants per square kilometre or 470 inhabitants per square mile.

Religion

 
Paoay Church

Roman Catholicism and the Aglipayan Church are the two major religions in the province.[citation needed]

Among the major Roman Catholic churches in Ilocos Norte include:

Ilocos Norte is the home of the Aglipay Shrine (Aglipayan Church) where the church's first supreme leader was buried. There are also increasing members of Jehovah's Witnesses. There are also minor but steadily increasing members of Iglesia ni Cristo. Islam is also practiced by Mindanaoan traders and immigrants.

Languages

Aside from the national language and English, there are three indigenous languages in Ilocos Norte. There are the dominant Ilokano language, the Isnag language of the east, and the Faire Atta language in Currimao.

The Faire Atta language is listed as one of the 15 endangered languages of the Philippines according to the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages. The Faire Atta language is listed as Severely Endangered, with less than 300 speakers remaining. All remaining speakers of the language are part of the community's elders. Without a municipality-wide teaching mechanism of the Faire Atta language for the youth, the language may be extinct within 3-5 decades, making it a language in grave peril unless a teaching-mechanism is established by either the government or an educational institution in Currimao and nearby municipalities.[46]

Economy

Poverty Incidence of Ilocos Norte
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[47][48]
[49][50][51][52][53]
 
Bagoong fermenting in burnay jars

Products and industries

The province specializes in the following products and industries:

  • Agriculture — rice, corn, garlic, legumes, root crops, tobacco, and other fruits and vegetables
  • Fishery — tilapia and assorted fishes
  • Livestock — swine and cattle
  • Cottage industries — loom weaving, furniture, ceramics, iron works
  • Manufacturing and food processing — salt, empanada, bagoong, patis, basi (native Ilocano wine), vinegar, longganisa, chicharon, bagnet, chichacorn (cornick), jewelry, garments, cereal processing, packaging, mechanized processing equipment
  • Wind Power — Ilocos Norte's position on the northwest corner of Luzon makes it ideal for wind power generation. There is currently a 25 Megawatt wind farm in Ilocos Norte, and several more wind energy projects are being planned
  • Tourism
  • Pottery

Culture and the arts

Prominent artists

 
Tampuhan by Juan Luna

Ilocos Norte has given birth to numerous artists that have received national acclaim - perhaps the most notable being Philippine Revolution era activist and leader Juan Luna, who was born in Badoc. The province is also home to at least one National Artists of the Philippines - National Artist for Theater Severino Montano who was conferred the honor in 2001.[54] Another influential artist was Ricarte Puruganan, one of the Philippines' influential "Thirteen Moderns," who broke away from the painting style of Conservatives, led by Fernando Amorsolo, during the first half of the 20th century.[55]

In the folk arts, the Philippines also recognizes Magdalena Gamayo of Pinili. Ilocos Norte as one of its National Living Treasures for textile weaving, preserving the Inabel weaving tradition of Northern Philippines.[56]

Damili

The town of San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte is known for its Terra Cotta pottery, called Damili after the Ilocano language word for pottery.[57] San Nicolas' pottery tradition has been declared part of the Philippine National Commission for Culture and the Arts' School of Living Traditions program[58]

Inabel

Main article: Inabel

Ilocos Norte is a center of the Inabel weaving tradition, whose cloths are well known for being soft but sturdy, with a wide range of pattern designs drawn from Ilocano culture and experience[59][60]

Cuisine

Preeminent Philippine culinary historian Doreen Fernandez notes that Bitterness as a flavor principle is a uniquely prominent in Ilocano culture, quoting fellow food critic Edilberto Alegre saying the bitter "Ilocos Norte mystique" is best represented in Papait, a meat variant of Filipino Kilawin characterized by its Bitter flavors.[4]: 56 

Government

Term of Office: June 30, 2022 - June 30, 2025

 
Ilocos Norte Capitol, the seat of the provincial government
Governor Matthew Manotoc
Vice Governor Cecilia Araneta-Marcos
Representatives
Provincial Board Members

1st District:

  • Rodolfo Christian G. Fariñas
  • Saul A. Lazo
  • Franklin Dante A. Respicio
  • Donald G. Nicolas
  • Portia Pamela R. Salenda

2nd District:

  • Rafael Salvador C. Medina
  • Medeldorf M. Gaoat
  • Aladine T. Santos
  • Giancarlo Angelo S. Crisostomo
  • Jonathan O. Torralba
PCL President Handy T. Lao
ABC President Elmer C. Faylogna
SK Federated President Ma. Prila Razelle G. Saymo

Tourism

 
Kapurpurawan Rock Formation in Burgos

Ilocos Norte is a tourist destination, being the location of Fort Ilocandia, hotel, resort and casino. Built between 1981 and 1983 by the Philippine Tourism Authority, the Spanish-Moroccan Villa was designed by Architect Jeorge Ramos.[undue weight? – discuss] The golf course on Paoay Lake was built by Marcos in 1977 and was designed by Gary Player.[61][undue weight? – discuss]

Also of note are the La Paz Sand Dunes, Malacañang of the North, Cape Bojeador Lighthouse, Bangui Wind Farm, Saud Beach in Pagudpud and the Early Pliocene calcarenite Kapurpurawan Burgos Formation which was sculpted by wind and waves.[62]

References

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External links

Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 
Download coordinates as: KML
  •   Media related to Ilocos Norte at Wikimedia Commons
  •   Geographic data related to Ilocos Norte at OpenStreetMap
  • Ilocos Norte Official Website

January 15, 2023
ilocos, norte, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, september, 2. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Ilocos Norte news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ilocos Norte officially the Province of Ilocos Norte Ilocano Probinsia ti Ilocos Norte Tagalog Lalawigan ng Ilocos Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region Its capital is Laoag City located in the northwest corner of Luzon Island bordering Cagayan and Apayao to the east and Abra to the southeast and Ilocos Sur to the southwest Ilocos Norte faces the West Philippine Sea to the west and the Luzon Strait to the north Ilocos NorteProvinceProvince of Ilocos NorteFrom top left to right Bangui Wind Farm Sinking bell tower of Laoag St Augustine Church in Paoay Patapat Viaduct in Pagudpud Cape Bojeador Lighthouse in Burgos and La Paz Sand Dunes FlagSealLocation in the PhilippinesOpenStreetMapCoordinates 18 10 N 120 45 E 18 17 N 120 75 E 18 17 120 75 Coordinates 18 10 N 120 45 E 18 17 N 120 75 E 18 17 120 75CountryPhilippinesRegionIlocos RegionFoundedFebruary 2 1818Capitaland largest cityLaoagGovernment GovernorMatthew Manotoc NP Vice GovernorCecilia Araneta NP LegislatureIlocos Norte Provincial BoardArea 1 Total3 467 89 km2 1 338 96 sq mi Rank38th out of 81Highest elevation Mount Sicapoo 2 361 m 7 746 ft Population 2020 census 2 Total609 588 Rank53rd out of 81 Density180 km2 460 sq mi Rank52nd out of 81Divisions Independent cities0 Component cities2 BatacLaoag Municipalities21 AdamsBacarraBadocBanguiBannaBurgosCarasiCurrimaoDingrasDumalnegMarcosNueva EraPagudpudPaoayPasuquinPiddigPiniliSan NicolasSarratSolsonaVintar Barangays559 DistrictsLegislative districts of Ilocos NorteTime zoneUTC 8 PHT ZIP code2900 2922IDD area code 63 0 77ISO 3166 codePH ILNSpoken languagesIlocanoFilipinoEnglishHDI0 78 High 3 HDI rank6th 2019 Websitewww wbr ilocosnorte wbr gov wbr phIlocos Norte is noted for its distinctive geography and culture 4 5 This includes numerous examples of well preserved Spanish colonial era architecture particularly Saint William s Cathedral in Laoag with its sinking bell tower done in the Earthquake Baroque style 6 the St Augustine Church in Paoay which is one of UNESCO s World Heritage Sites in the Philippines 7 and the Cape Bojeador Lighthouse Famous geographical features include the La Paz Sand Dunes the beaches of Pagudpud and the eroded calcarenite Kapurpurawan rock formation in Burgos 8 It is the birthplace of several notable Philippine leaders including former President Ferdinand E Marcos 9 Philippine Revolutionary War general Artemio Ricarte and Iglesia Filipina Independiente founder Gregorio Aglipay 10 Three wind farms are located in Ilocos Norte They are located in Burgos Pagudpud and Bangui with the latter being the first wind power generation plant in the Philippines 11 Contents 1 History 1 1 Early history 1 2 Spanish colonial era 1 3 World War II 1 4 Martial law era 1 5 Bangui Wind Farm 1 6 Recent history 2 Geography 2 1 Administrative divisions 2 2 Barangays 3 Demographics 3 1 Religion 3 2 Languages 4 Economy 4 1 Products and industries 5 Culture and the arts 5 1 Prominent artists 5 2 Damili 5 3 Inabel 5 4 Cuisine 6 Government 7 Tourism 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditThis section has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2009 This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message Early history Edit Long before the arrival of the Spaniards there existed an extensive region consisting of Ilocos Norte Ilocos Sur Abra and La Union Merchants from Japan and China would often visit the area to trade gold for beads ceramics and silk The Austronesian inhabitants of the region called their place samtoy from sao mi toy which literally meant our language Spanish colonial era Edit In 1571 the Spanish conquistadors had Manila under their control and they began looking for new sites to conquer Miguel Lopez de Legazpi s grandson Juan de Salcedo volunteered to lead one of these expeditions Together with 8 armed boats and 45 men the 22 year old voyager headed north On June 13 1572 Salcedo and his men landed in present day Vigan then proceeded to Laoag Currimao and Badoc As they sailed along the coast they were surprised to see numerous sheltered coves looc where the locals lived in harmony They named the region Ylocos and its people Ylocanos As the Christianization of the region grew so did the landscape of the area Vast tracts of land were utilized for churches and bell towers in line with the Spanish mission of bajo las campanas In the town plaza it was not uncommon to see garrisons under the church bells Indigenous peoples living in the Ilocos Region such as the Yapayao and Isneg were slowly pushed into living in the sparsely populated but resource rich mountains which would expose them to conflicts with developers in later eras such as during Martial Law under Ferdinand Marcos 12 47 Spanish colonization of the region was not completely successful Owing to the abusive practices of many Augustinian friars a number of Ilocanos revolted Noteworthy of these were the Dingras uprising 1589 and the Pedro Almasan revolt San Nicolas 1660 In 1762 Diego Silang led a series of battles aimed at freeing the Ilocano When he died from his friendly fire his widow Gabriela continued his cause She too was captured and executed In 1807 the sugar cane basi brewers of Piddig rose up in arms to protest the government s monopoly of the wine industry In 1898 the church excommunicated Gregorio Aglipay for refusing to cut off ties with the revolutionary forces of Gen Emilio Aguinaldo Unperturbed he helped established the Iglesia Filipina Independiente In an effort to gain political control and because of the increasing population of the region a Royal Decree was signed on February 2 1818 splitting Ilocos into two provinces Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur Soon thereafter La Union and Abra became independent provinces World War II Edit After the fall of Corregidor and the subsequent occupation of the Philippines by the Empire of Japan a number of small guerilla groups formed in the area of Ilocos Norte some of which resorted to banditry 13 Governor Roque Ablan Sr with the help of Philippine Army Lt Feliciano Madamba was able to put together a guerilla unit to engage the Japanese forces and to rally the other guerilla groups into a common force The leaders were assigned specific sectors using a system for distributing news and orders 13 14 Martial law era Edit Ilocos Norte gained additional prominence in December 1965 when Ferdinand Marcos became president and again when he won a second term in 1969 boosted by debt driven infrastructure spending that created economic crises and massive social unrest at the beginning of the 1970s 15 16 Facing the end of his constitutionally allowed presidential terms he declared martial law in 1972 17 and became dictator under a system of constitutional authoritarianism for fourteen more years 18 His family and cronies were accused of stealing an estimated US 5 billion to US 10 billion during the 1980s 19 20 when the Philippine economy went into a nosedive 21 until Marcos was deposed by the civilian led People Power Revolution of February 1986 22 23 Various human rights violations were documented in the Ilocos Norte region during the Marcos martial law era despite public perception that the region was supportive of Marcos administration 12 24 Various farmers from the towns of Vintar Dumalneg Solsona Marcos and Piddig were documented to have been tortured 12 47 48 24 and eight farmers in Bangui and three indigenous community members in Vintar were salvaged in 1984 24 There were also various protests against the Marcos administration at the time with Aurora Park in the Laoag Plaza being one of the favored places to stage protests 25 One of the prominent victims of the Martial Law era who came from Laoag was Catholic layperson and social worker Purificacion Pedro who volunteered in organizations protesting the Chico River Dam Project in the nearby Cordillera Central mountains 26 Wounded while visiting activist friends in Bataan she was later killed by Marcos administration soldiers while recuperating in the hospital 27 28 Another prominent opponent of the martial law regime was human rights advocate and Bombo Radyo Laoag program host David Bueno who worked with the Free Legal Assistance Group in Ilocos Norte during the later part of the Marcos administration and the early part of the succeeding Aquino administration He would later be assassinated by motorcycle riding men in fatigue uniforms on October 22 1987 part of a wave of assassinations that coincided with the 1986 87 coup d etat that tried to unseat the democratic government set up after the 1986 People Power Revolution 29 Both Bueno and Pedro were later honored among the first 65 people to have their names inscribed on the Wall of Remembrance of the Philippines Bantayog ng mga Bayani which honors the martyrs and heroes who fought the dictatorship 30 and Pedro was listed among Filipino Catholics nominated to be named Servant of God 31 Bangui Wind Farm Edit In 2005 NorthWind Power Development Corp began commercial operation of the Bangui Wind Farm in the Municipality of Bangui having initiated and developed the project in response to a 1996 study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL which identified Bangui as one of the viable sites for wind energy sites in the Philippines 32 Connected to the Luzon Grid the project was the first wind farm in Southeast Asia 33 supplying 40 of Ilocos Norte s electricity needs 34 and becoming a major tourist site for Bangui 35 AC Energy the listed energy platform of the Ayala Group acquired the controlling shares of Northwind and of the Bangui Wind Farm in 2017 36 Recent history Edit Ilocos Norte was among the provinces affected by the COVID 19 pandemic in the Philippines reporting its first three cases of COVID 19 on March 31 2020 including a male patient each from Batac and Paoay and former senator Bongbong Marcos who had arrived from travel to Spain 37 38 Ilocos Norte experienced surges in cases in 2021 39 with the spike reported in August 2021 being attributed to the Delta variant of the virus 40 Geography EditIlocos Norte covers a total area of 3 467 89 square kilometres 1 338 96 sq mi 41 occupying the northern tip of the Ilocos Region in Luzon The province is bordered by Cagayan to the extreme northeast Apayao to the east and Abra to the southeast Ilocos Sur to the southwest the South China Sea to the west and the Luzon Strait to the north Administrative divisions Edit Administrative divisions of Ilocos Norte Ilocos Norte comprises 21 municipalities and 2 component cities further subdivided into 559 barangays There are two legislative districts in the province Updated classification of municipalities in Ilocos Norte Updated Income Class of Ilocos Norte Municipalities Provincial capital and component city Component city Municipality City or municipality District 41 Population p a Area 41 Density Barangay Coordinates A 2020 2 2015 42 km2 sq mi km2 sq miAdams 1st 0 4 2 189 1 792 3 88 159 31 61 51 14 36 1 18 27 41 N 120 54 13 E 18 4613 N 120 9035 E 18 4613 120 9035 Adams Bacarra 1st 5 5 33 496 32 215 0 75 65 32 25 22 510 1 300 43 18 15 10 N 120 36 42 E 18 2528 N 120 6118 E 18 2528 120 6118 Bacarra Badoc 2nd 5 3 32 530 31 616 0 54 76 68 29 61 420 1 100 31 17 55 36 N 120 28 26 E 17 9267 N 120 4740 E 17 9267 120 4740 Badoc Bangui 1st 2 5 15 019 14 672 0 45 112 98 43 62 130 340 14 18 32 12 N 120 45 57 E 18 5367 N 120 7657 E 18 5367 120 7657 Bangui Banna 2nd 3 2 19 297 19 438 0 14 92 73 35 80 210 540 20 17 58 48 N 120 39 18 E 17 9799 N 120 6549 E 17 9799 120 6549 Banna Batac 2nd 9 1 55 484 55 201 0 10 161 06 62 19 340 880 43 18 03 24 N 120 33 50 E 18 0566 N 120 5639 E 18 0566 120 5639 Batac Burgos 1st 1 8 10 759 9 777 1 84 128 90 49 77 83 210 11 18 30 40 N 120 38 37 E 18 5110 N 120 6436 E 18 5110 120 6436 Burgos Carasi 1st 0 3 1 607 1 567 0 48 82 97 32 03 19 49 3 18 08 27 N 120 49 17 E 18 1407 N 120 8215 E 18 1407 120 8215 Carasi Currimao 2nd 2 0 12 215 12 184 0 05 34 08 13 16 360 930 23 18 01 10 N 120 29 12 E 18 0194 N 120 4868 E 18 0194 120 4868 Currimao Dingras 2nd 6 6 40 127 38 562 0 76 96 00 37 07 420 1 100 31 18 06 09 N 120 42 05 E 18 1024 N 120 7014 E 18 1024 120 7014 Dingras Dumalneg 1st 0 5 3 087 2 947 0 89 88 48 34 16 35 91 4 18 31 19 N 120 48 35 E 18 5220 N 120 8096 E 18 5220 120 8096 Dumalneg Laoag 1st 18 3 111 651 111 125 0 09 116 08 44 82 960 2 500 80 18 11 50 N 120 35 37 E 18 1973 N 120 5935 E 18 1973 120 5935 Laoag Marcos 2nd 3 0 18 010 17 777 0 25 72 77 28 10 250 650 13 18 02 38 N 120 40 38 E 18 0439 N 120 6771 E 18 0439 120 6771 Marcos Nueva Era 2nd 2 0 11 968 9 506 4 48 515 02 198 85 23 60 11 17 54 55 N 120 39 58 E 17 9153 N 120 6660 E 17 9153 120 6660 Nueva Era Pagudpud 1st 4 1 25 098 23 770 1 04 194 90 75 25 130 340 16 18 33 36 N 120 47 19 E 18 5601 N 120 7887 E 18 5601 120 7887 Pagudpud Paoay 2nd 4 1 25 001 24 866 0 10 76 24 29 44 330 850 31 18 03 42 N 120 31 10 E 18 0617 N 120 5195 E 18 0617 120 5195 Paoay Pasuquin 1st 4 9 29 678 28 980 0 45 210 54 81 29 140 360 33 18 20 02 N 120 37 10 E 18 3339 N 120 6194 E 18 3339 120 6194 Pasuquin Piddig 1st 3 7 22 475 21 497 0 85 216 20 83 48 100 260 23 18 09 49 N 120 42 59 E 18 1635 N 120 7165 E 18 1635 120 7165 Piddig Pinili 2nd 2 9 17 626 17 300 0 36 89 48 34 55 200 520 25 17 57 07 N 120 31 33 E 17 9519 N 120 5257 E 17 9519 120 5257 Pinili San Nicolas 2nd 6 4 38 895 36 736 1 09 40 18 15 51 970 2 500 24 18 10 30 N 120 35 39 E 18 1749 N 120 5943 E 18 1749 120 5943 San Nicolas Sarrat 1st 4 1 25 186 25 212 0 02 57 39 22 16 440 1 100 24 18 09 24 N 120 38 48 E 18 1568 N 120 6467 E 18 1568 120 6467 Sarrat Solsona 2nd 4 1 25 186 24 121 0 83 166 23 64 18 150 390 22 18 05 43 N 120 46 24 E 18 0953 N 120 7732 E 18 0953 120 7732 Solsona Vintar 1st 5 5 33 339 32 220 0 65 614 35 237 20 54 140 33 18 13 47 N 120 38 57 E 18 2298 N 120 6491 E 18 2298 120 6491 Vintar Total 609 588 593 081 0 52 3 467 89 1 338 96 180 440 559 see GeoGroup box Coordinates mark the city town center and are sortable by latitude Barangays Edit Ilocos Norte has 559 barangays comprising its 21 municipalities and 2 cities 43 The most populous barangay in the province is Barangay No 1 San Lorenzo Poblacion in the City of Laoag with a population of 4 391 in the 2010 census If cities are excluded Davila in the municipality of Pasuquin has the highest population at 3 900 The least populous is Sapat in the municipality of Pasuquin with only 32 43 Further information List of barangays in Ilocos NorteDemographics EditPopulation census of Ilocos NorteYearPop p a 1903178 995 1918219 129 1 36 1939237 586 0 39 1948251 455 0 63 1960287 333 1 12 1970343 427 1 80 1975371 724 1 60 1980390 666 1 00 1990461 661 1 68 1995482 651 0 84 2000514 241 1 37 2007547 284 0 86 2010568 017 1 36 2015593 081 0 83 2020609 588 0 54 Source Philippine Statistics Authority 42 43 44 The population of Ilocos Norte in the 2020 census was 609 588 people 2 with a density of 180 inhabitants per square kilometre or 470 inhabitants per square mile Religion Edit Paoay Church Roman Catholicism and the Aglipayan Church are the two major religions in the province citation needed Among the major Roman Catholic churches in Ilocos Norte include Paoay Church named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993 St William s Cathedral in Laoag known for its Sinking Bell Tower Santa Monica Church in Sarrat documented to be the biggest church in the Ilocos Region Bacarra Church destroyed during an intensity VII on the Rossi Forel scale earthquake on August 17 1983 45 reconstructed and re inaugurated in 1984 Ilocos Norte is the home of the Aglipay Shrine Aglipayan Church where the church s first supreme leader was buried There are also increasing members of Jehovah s Witnesses There are also minor but steadily increasing members of Iglesia ni Cristo Islam is also practiced by Mindanaoan traders and immigrants Languages Edit Aside from the national language and English there are three indigenous languages in Ilocos Norte There are the dominant Ilokano language the Isnag language of the east and the Faire Atta language in Currimao The Faire Atta language is listed as one of the 15 endangered languages of the Philippines according to the UNESCO Atlas of the World s Endangered Languages The Faire Atta language is listed as Severely Endangered with less than 300 speakers remaining All remaining speakers of the language are part of the community s elders Without a municipality wide teaching mechanism of the Faire Atta language for the youth the language may be extinct within 3 5 decades making it a language in grave peril unless a teaching mechanism is established by either the government or an educational institution in Currimao and nearby municipalities 46 Economy EditPoverty Incidence of Ilocos Norte Source Philippine Statistics Authority 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 Bagoong fermenting in burnay jars This section is missing information about economic indicators e g per capita income unemployment etc Please expand the section to include this information Further details may exist on the talk page October 2021 Products and industries Edit The province specializes in the following products and industries Agriculture rice corn garlic legumes root crops tobacco and other fruits and vegetables Fishery tilapia and assorted fishes Livestock swine and cattle Cottage industries loom weaving furniture ceramics iron works Manufacturing and food processing salt empanada bagoong patis basi native Ilocano wine vinegar longganisa chicharon bagnet chichacorn cornick jewelry garments cereal processing packaging mechanized processing equipment Wind Power Ilocos Norte s position on the northwest corner of Luzon makes it ideal for wind power generation There is currently a 25 Megawatt wind farm in Ilocos Norte and several more wind energy projects are being planned Tourism PotteryCulture and the arts EditProminent artists Edit Tampuhan by Juan Luna Ilocos Norte has given birth to numerous artists that have received national acclaim perhaps the most notable being Philippine Revolution era activist and leader Juan Luna who was born in Badoc The province is also home to at least one National Artists of the Philippines National Artist for Theater Severino Montano who was conferred the honor in 2001 54 Another influential artist was Ricarte Puruganan one of the Philippines influential Thirteen Moderns who broke away from the painting style of Conservatives led by Fernando Amorsolo during the first half of the 20th century 55 In the folk arts the Philippines also recognizes Magdalena Gamayo of Pinili Ilocos Norte as one of its National Living Treasures for textile weaving preserving the Inabel weaving tradition of Northern Philippines 56 Damili Edit The town of San Nicolas Ilocos Norte is known for its Terra Cotta pottery called Damili after the Ilocano language word for pottery 57 San Nicolas pottery tradition has been declared part of the Philippine National Commission for Culture and the Arts School of Living Traditions program 58 Inabel Edit Main article Inabel Ilocos Norte is a center of the Inabel weaving tradition whose cloths are well known for being soft but sturdy with a wide range of pattern designs drawn from Ilocano culture and experience 59 60 Cuisine Edit Preeminent Philippine culinary historian Doreen Fernandez notes that Bitterness as a flavor principle is a uniquely prominent in Ilocano culture quoting fellow food critic Edilberto Alegre saying the bitter Ilocos Norte mystique is best represented in Papait a meat variant of Filipino Kilawin characterized by its Bitter flavors 4 56 Government EditTerm of Office June 30 2022 June 30 2025 Ilocos Norte Capitol the seat of the provincial government Governor Matthew ManotocVice Governor Cecilia Araneta MarcosRepresentatives Sandro Marcos 1st District Eugenio Angelo M Barba 2nd District Provincial Board Members 1st District Rodolfo Christian G Farinas Saul A Lazo Franklin Dante A Respicio Donald G Nicolas Portia Pamela R Salenda2nd District Rafael Salvador C Medina Medeldorf M Gaoat Aladine T Santos Giancarlo Angelo S Crisostomo Jonathan O TorralbaPCL President Handy T LaoABC President Elmer C FaylognaSK Federated President Ma Prila Razelle G SaymoTourism Edit Kapurpurawan Rock Formation in Burgos Ilocos Norte is a tourist destination being the location of Fort Ilocandia hotel resort and casino Built between 1981 and 1983 by the Philippine Tourism Authority the Spanish Moroccan Villa was designed by Architect Jeorge Ramos undue weight discuss The golf course on Paoay Lake was built by Marcos in 1977 and was designed by Gary Player 61 undue weight discuss Also of note are the La Paz Sand Dunes Malacanang of the North Cape Bojeador Lighthouse Bangui Wind Farm Saud Beach in Pagudpud and the Early Pliocene calcarenite Kapurpurawan Burgos Formation which was sculpted by wind and waves 62 References Edit List of Provinces PSGC Interactive Makati Philippines National Statistical Coordination Board Archived from the original on 17 January 2013 Retrieved 26 September 2013 a b c Census of Population 2020 Region I Ilocos Region Total Population by Province City Municipality and Barangay PSA Retrieved 8 July 2021 Gender and Special Population Groups Provincial Human Development Index Philippine Statistics Authority Archived from the original on 17 June 2020 Retrieved 12 January 2021 a b Fernandez Doreen 2020 Tikim essays on Philippine food and culture Leiden Boston ISBN 978 90 04 41479 2 OCLC 1114270889 Damili 16 March 2001 Ichimura Anri 2020 04 10 How Mother Nature Restructured Earthquake Baroque Churches in the Philippines Esquire Magazine Philippines Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte The Stunning Historical Icon of the North PRIMER Magazine Callejo Gretchen amp Fernando Allan Gil amp Silva Leopoldo 2015 New Age Dates of the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation in Burgos Ilocos Norte based on Foraminifera Assemblage Benedicto Bobby August 2021 The place of the dead the time of dictatorship Nostalgia sovereignty and the corpse of Ferdinand Marcos Environment and Planning D Society amp Space 39 4 722 739 doi 10 1177 02637758211013038 ISSN 0263 7758 PMC 8369899 PMID 34421166 Batac City Museo Ilocos Norte 2008 12 09 Archived from the original on 2020 09 29 Retrieved 2021 11 12 Neil 2021 10 20 AC Energy to take control of three Ilocos wind farms BusinessWorld Archived from the original on 2021 10 20 Retrieved 2021 11 12 a b c Pawilen Reidan M May 2021 The Solid North myth an Investigation on the status of dissent and human rights during the Marcos Regime in Regions 1 and 2 1969 1986 University of the Philippines Los Banos University Knowledge Digital Repository Archived from the original on 2021 11 13 Retrieved 2022 05 22 a b Agoncillo Teodoro A 2001 The fateful years Japan s adventure in the Philippines 1941 45 Quezon City University of the Philippines Press pp 611 612 ISBN 971 542 274 8 OCLC 48220661 Morton Louis 2004 The fall of the Philippines Honolulu Hawaii University Press of the Pacific ISBN 1 4102 1696 9 OCLC 66529013 Balbosa Joven Zamoras 1992 IMF Stabilization Program and Economic Growth The Case of the Philippines Journal of Philippine Development XIX 35 Cororaton Cesar B Exchange Rate Movements in the Philippines DPIDS Discussion Paper Series 97 05 3 19 Celoza Albert F 1997 Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines The Political Economy of Authoritarianism Praeger Publishers ISBN 9780275941376 Navera G S 2019 Metaphorizing Martial Law Constitutional Authoritarianism in Marcos s Rhetoric 1972 1985 Philippine Studies 66 4 Romero Jose V Jr 2008 Philippine political economy Quezon City Philippines Central Book Supply ISBN 9789716918892 OCLC 302100329 Hail to the thief The Economist November 12 2016 Guido Edson Joseph de los Reyes Che 2017 The best of times Data debunk Marcos s economic golden years ABSCBN News and Public Affairs A History of the Philippine Political Protest Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines Archived from the original on July 5 2017 Retrieved December 10 2018 Magno Alexander R ed 1998 Democracy at the Crossroads Kasaysayan The Story of the Filipino People Volume 9 A Nation Reborn Hong Kong Asia Publishing Company Limited a b c Ilocanos remember dark days of martial law vow to continue fight 2 October 2012 Guiang Jun 2021 11 12 Youth activism in Ilocos Norte in the 70s Ilocos Sentinel The Ilocos Sentinel Archived from the original on 2021 11 12 Retrieved 2021 11 12 MARTYRS amp HEROES PEDRO Purificacion A July 13 2016 Remollino Alexander Martin December 14 20 2003 Human Rights Martyrs of the Word www bulatlat com Archived from the original on 2004 03 12 No Way to Go But Onwards Philippine Religious Resist Marcos Repression PDF Christian Conference of Asia CCA News Christian Conference of Asia 18 3 4 March 1983 Clarke Gerard 2006 The Politics of NGOs in Southeast Asia Routledge A Tribute to Human Rights Lawyer David Bueno 1988 August 19 2015 Philippines newsaints faithweb com Archived from the original on 2019 10 09 Giant windmills energize Ilocos Norte Philstar com 13 October 2005 First wind farm for Southeast Asia WWF wwf panda org Archived from the original on 5 October 2021 Retrieved 11 January 2022 Cabie Honor November 2 2016 Ilocos Norte s Windmills Tourism and Energy Giants Manilastandard net Retrieved 8 March 2020 AC Energy Corporation NorthWind AC Energy Corporation Archived from the original on 2021 10 09 Retrieved 2021 10 19 AC Energy Takes Control of Northwind AC Energy Corporation 2017 02 05 Archived from the original on 2021 10 19 Retrieved 2021 10 19 Ilocos Norte lists first coronavirus cases Archived from the original on 2020 11 25 Retrieved 2021 10 19 Despite earlier denials former Sen Bongbong Marcos tests positive for COVID 19 Yahoo News Philippines Archived from the original on 2020 04 01 Retrieved 2021 10 19 Mugas John Michael 2021 08 19 Ilocos Norte bans returning residents anew amid virus surge Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved 2021 10 19 Paciente Kenneth 2021 09 03 Ilocos Norte confirms increase in cases caused by Delta variant PTV Retrieved 2021 10 19 a b c Province Ilocos Norte PSGC Interactive Quezon City Philippines Philippine Statistics Authority Retrieved 8 January 2016 a b Census of Population 2015 Region I Ilocos Region Total Population by Province City Municipality and Barangay PSA Retrieved 20 June 2016 a b c Census of Population and Housing 2010 Region I Ilocos Region Total Population by Province City Municipality and Barangay NSO Retrieved 29 June 2016 Philippines Census Of Population of all LGUs 1903 2007 Archive org Philippine Statistics Authority Retrieved 7 February 2017 Laoag Earthquake 17 August 1983 Phivolcs 1983 Archived from the original on 15 August 2011 Retrieved 2011 01 02 UNESCO Atlas of the World s Languages in danger Unesco org Retrieved 23 February 2019 Poverty incidence PI Philippine Statistics Authority Retrieved 28 December 2020 https psa gov ph sites default files NSCB LocalPovertyPhilippines 0 pdf publication date 29 November 2005 publisher Philippine Statistics Authority https psa gov ph sites default files 2009 20Poverty 20Statistics pdf publication date 8 February 2011 publisher Philippine Statistics Authority https psa gov ph sites default files Table 202 20 20Annual 20Per 20Capita 20Poverty 20Threshold 2C 20Poverty 20Incidence 20and 20Magnitude 20of 20Poor 20Population 2C 20by 20Region 20and 20Province 20 20 202006 2C 202009 2C 202012 20and 202015 xlsx publication date 27 August 2016 publisher Philippine Statistics Authority https psa gov ph sites default files Table 202 20 20Annual 20Per 20Capita 20Poverty 20Threshold 2C 20Poverty 20Incidence 20and 20Magnitude 20of 20Poor 20Population 2C 20by 20Region 20and 20Province 20 20 202006 2C 202009 2C 202012 20and 202015 xlsx publication date 27 August 2016 publisher Philippine Statistics Authority https psa gov ph sites default files Table 202 20 20Annual 20Per 20Capita 20Poverty 20Threshold 2C 20Poverty 20Incidence 20and 20Magnitude 20of 20Poor 20Population 2C 20by 20Region 20and 20Province 20 20 202006 2C 202009 2C 202012 20and 202015 xlsx publication date 27 August 2016 publisher Philippine Statistics Authority https psa gov ph sites default files Table 202 20 20Updated 20Annual 20Per 20Capita 20Poverty 20Threshold 2C 20Poverty 20Incidence 20and 20Magnitude 20of 20Poor 20Population 20with 20Measures 20of 20Precision 2C 20by 20Region 20and 20Province 2015 20and 202018 xlsx publication date 4 June 2020 publisher Philippine Statistics Authority About Culture and Arts www ncca gov ph Archived from the original on 28 September 2007 Retrieved 11 January 2022 Botong and Puruganan Rediscovering the two Moderns GMA News Online GAMABA Magdalena Gamayo Damili 16 March 2001 San Nicolas town in Ilocos Norte banks on heritage for development 14 December 2014 The Inabel of Ilocos Woven Cloth for Everyday Art of the Loom Weaving the Story That is the Binakul Yuchengco Museum Fort Ilocandia Discover Philippines September October 16 17 24 2004 Callejo Gretchen De Silva Leopoldo Fernando Allan 2017 New age assignment of the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation Calcarenite in Burgos Ilocos Norte Based on Planktonic Foraminiferal Assemblage Journal of the Geological Society of the Philippines 26 40 External links EditMap all coordinates using OpenStreetMap Download coordinates as KML Media related to Ilocos Norte at Wikimedia Commons Geographic data related to Ilocos Norte at OpenStreetMap Ilocos Norte Official Website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ilocos Norte amp oldid 1133742529, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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