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Wikipedia

1989 (album)

April 11, 2024

For the 2023 re-recording, see 1989 (Taylor's Version). For other albums, see 1989 (disambiguation) § Albums.

1989 is the fifth studio album by the American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 27, 2014, by Big Machine Records. Inspired by 1980s synth-pop, Swift conceived 1989 to recalibrate her artistry to pop after critics disputed her status as a country musician when she released the cross-genre Red (2012) to country radio. She titled 1989 after her birth year as a symbolic artistic rebirth and enlisted Max Martin, who produced Red's electronic-influenced pop tracks, as co-executive producer.

1989
Standard North American cover
Studio album by
Taylor Swift
ReleasedOctober 27, 2014 (2014-10-27)
Studio
GenreSynth-pop
Length48:41
LabelBig Machine
Producer
Taylor Swift chronology
Red
(2012) 		1989
(2014) 		Reputation
(2017)
Singles from 1989
  1. "Shake It Off"
    Released: August 19, 2014
  2. "Blank Space"
    Released: November 10, 2014
  3. "Style"
    Released: February 9, 2015
  4. "Bad Blood"
    Released: May 17, 2015
  5. "Wildest Dreams"
    Released: August 31, 2015
  6. "Out of the Woods"
    Released: January 19, 2016
  7. "New Romantics"
    Released: February 23, 2016

Swift recorded 1989 at studios across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden with an ensemble including Martin, Shellback, Jack Antonoff, Ryan Tedder, Nathan Chapman, and Imogen Heap. The synth-pop production is characterized by pulsing synthesizers, programmed drum machines, and processed backing vocals with electronic elements, a stark contrast to the acoustic arrangements of Swift's past albums. The songs expand on Swift's autobiographical songwriting and explore failed romance from a lighthearted perspective.

Swift and Big Machine promoted 1989 extensively through tie-ins and media endorsements but withheld the album from free streaming services, which prompted an industry discourse on the impact of streaming.[note 1] To support the album, Swift embarked on the 1989 World Tour, which was the highest-grossing tour of 2015. Among seven singles released, three peaked atop the US Billboard Hot 100: "Shake It Off", "Blank Space", and "Bad Blood". 1989 spent 11 weeks atop the Billboard 200 and was certified nine-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It has sold over 14 million copies worldwide and was certified multi-platinum in many countries.

When 1989 was first released, music critics generally complimented its production as catchy; they found an emotional engagement in its songwriting but some felt the synth-pop production eroded Swift's artistic integrity—a criticism that journalists and academics retrospectively regarded as rockist. 1989 won Album of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Album at the 2016 Grammy Awards, and it was listed in all-time album rankings by Rolling Stone and Consequence. Critics and academics have considered 1989 an album that transformed Swift's status to a pop icon and promoted poptimism, but they also highlighted the media scrutiny that ensued. Following a 2019 dispute regarding the ownership of Swift's back catalog, she re-recorded 1989 and released it as 1989 (Taylor's Version) on October 27, 2023.

Background

Taylor Swift had identified as a country musician until her fourth studio album, Red, which was released on October 22, 2012, by Big Machine Records.[2][3] The album incorporates eclectic styles of pop and rock in addition to country, and its two most commercially successful singles—"We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" and "I Knew You Were Trouble"[4]—are pop songs with electronic stylings.[5][6] The album's associated world tour, which from March 2013 to June 2014, was the all-time highest-grossing country tour when it completed.[7] Although Red was promoted to country radio and awards shows, its pop-leaning production sparked a media debate over Swift's status as a country artist.[8][9]

Swift's personal life was another aspect that attracted media attention.[10] Her serial romantic relationships, including a short-lived romance with the English singer Harry Styles, generated much tabloid coverage and blemished her "America's Sweetheart" image.[11][12] In March 2014, Swift relocated from Nashville to New York City;[13] she recounted that moving geographically while being unattached romantically prompted her to embrace new creative ideas,[10][14] as did the media scrutiny of her public image.[15]

Recording and production

 
 
The music by such 1980s artists as Peter Gabriel (left) and Annie Lennox (right) inspired 1989.[16]

Swift began writing her fifth studio album in mid-2013, when she was touring to support Red.[17] She viewed Red as an album that straddled the boundary between country and pop and thus wanted its follow-up to be "blatant pop" because she believed, "[If] you chase two rabbits, you lose them both."[18] Inspired by 1980s synth-pop, she viewed the decade as an "experimental time in pop music" when musicians abandoned the established "drums-guitar-bass-whatever" production to make songs with synthesizers, drum pads, and overlapped vocals.[19][20] Two of her main inspirations were Annie Lennox and Peter Gabriel—she admired how the former conveyed her "intense" thoughts through music and the latter's synth-pop sound created "an atmosphere behind what he was singing, rather than a produced track".[16]

Swift enlisted Martin and Shellback as prime collaborators because she found "I Knew You Were Trouble" topping the US pop radio chart for seven weeks a motivation to fully embrace the electronic-pop sound that they produced.[4][9] She enjoyed working with them because they often took her ideas in a different direction, which challenged her as a songwriter.[17] Big Machine president Scott Borchetta initially was skeptical of Swift's decision and persuaded her to record a few country songs with instruments such as fiddle, but she rejected his request.[4] Borchetta ultimately agreed with her to not promote the album to country radio, which had been formative in driving Swift's career.[21][22] Martin and Shellback produced seven of the standard edition's thirteen tracks.[23] Swift credited Martin as co-executive producer because he also recorded and produced the vocals on tracks where he was uncredited, which she deemed important in producing a coherent album.[4]

 
"I Wish You Would"
The snare drums on "I Wish You Would" were inspired by Fine Young Cannibals' 1988 single "She Drives Me Crazy".
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Jack Antonoff was another key producer on 1989; he had worked with Swift on the 1980s new wave-influenced soundtrack single "Sweeter than Fiction" (2013).[24] Antonoff extensively used the Juno-6 synthesizer, which he thought to have "such a sadness and a glory all at once",[25] and co-wrote and co-produced three tracks, two for the standard edition and one for the deluxe edition.[20] "I Wish You Would" stemmed from his experimental sampling of the snare drums on Fine Young Cannibals' 1988 single "She Drives Me Crazy". He played his sample to Swift on an iPhone and sent it to her to re-record.[19] The final track is a remix that retains the distinctive snare drums.[26] For "Out of the Woods", Antonoff sent his finished instrumental track to Swift while she was on a plane.[27] She sent him a voice memo containing the lyrics roughly 30 minutes later.[18] The song was the first time Swift composed lyrics for an existing instrumental.[28]

Swift contacted Ryan Tedder, with whom she had always wanted to work, by a smartphone voice memo.[29] He co-wrote and co-produced two songs—"Welcome to New York" and "I Know Places".[23] For "I Know Places", Swift scheduled a meeting with him at the studio after forming a fully developed idea on her own; the recording process the following day finalized it.[30] Tedder spoke of Swift's work ethic and perfectionism with Time: "Ninety-five times out of 100, if I get a track to where we're happy with it, the artist will say, 'That's amazing.' It's very rare to hear, 'Nope, that's not right.' But the artists I've worked with who are the most successful are the ones who'll tell me to my face, 'No, you're wrong,' two or three times in a row. And she did."[6]

For "Clean", Swift approached British producer Imogen Heap in London after writing the song's lyrics and melody. Heap helped to complete the track by playing instruments on it; the two finished recording after two takes in one day at Heap's studio.[20] Nathan Chapman, Swift's longtime collaborator, co-produced the track "This Love".[31] The album was mastered by Tom Coyne in two days at Sterling Sound Studio in New York City.[23][20] Swift finalized the record upon completing the Asian leg of the Red Tour in mid-2014.[32]

Music and lyrics

Overview

The standard edition of 1989 includes 13 tracks; the deluxe edition includes six additional tracks—three original songs and three voice memos.[33][34] The album prominently incorporates synthesizers, programmed drum machines, pulsating basslines, and processed backing vocals—a stark contrast to the acoustic arrangements of Swift's past albums.[35][36] Because she aimed to recreate authentic 1980s pop, the album is devoid of contemporary hip hop or R&B crossover elements popular in mainstream music at the time.[37] Although Swift declared her move from country to pop on 1989, several reviewers, including The A.V. Club's Marah Eakin,[38] argued that Swift had always been more pop-oriented even on her early country songs.[3] The three voice memos on the deluxe edition contain Swift's discussions of the songwriting process and unfinished demos for three songs—"I Know Places", "I Wish You Would", and "Blank Space".[39] Myles McNutt, a professor in communications and arts, described the voice memos as Swift's effort to claim her authority over 1989, defying pop music's "gendered hierarchy" which had seen a dominance of male songwriters and producers.[34]

As with Swift's past albums, 1989 is primarily about the emotions and reflections resulting from past romantic relationships.[35][40][41] Swift's songwriting retained its storytelling which had been nurtured by her country-music background,[42][43] but it is more ambiguous and embraces pop-music songwriting prioritizing emotional intensity and general ideas over intricate details.[44] Swift's characters in the 1989 songs cease to vilify ex-lovers and failed relationships like those on her past songs did[45][46] and instead look at them through a wistful perspective.[18] She attributed this change of attitude to her realization of "more complex relationships", in which she was also responsible for the downfall instead of completely putting the blame on the other.[16] For USA Today's Brian Mansfield, even though the songs were inspired by Swift's personal life, they resonated with a wide audience who found themselves and their situations represented in her songs.[46] The album's liner notes, which include a one-sentence hidden message for each of the 13 songs, collectively tell a story of a girl's tangled relationship. Ultimately, she finds that, "She lost him but she found herself and somehow that was everything."[47]

Songs

 
"Out of the Woods"
With lyrics inspired by her personal troubles, Swift described "Out of the Woods" as the song that "best represents" the album. The track incorporates heavy 1980s-styled synthesizers and looping percussions.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Swift's feelings when she first moved to New York City inspired the opening track, "Welcome to New York", a synthesizer-laden song finding Swift embracing her newfound freedom.[31][48] "Blank Space", set over a minimal hip hop-influenced beat, satirizes the media's perception of Swift as a promiscuous woman who dates male celebrities only to gather songwriting material.[38][49] The production of "Style", a funk-flavored track, was inspired by "funky electronic music" artists such as Daft Punk;[20][50] its lyrics detail an unhealthy relationship.[51] "Out of the Woods" is an indietronica-flavored synth-pop song featuring heavy synthesizers, layered percussions and looping background vocals, resulting in a chaotic sound.[28][52] Swift said that the song, which was inspired by a relationship that evoked constant anxiety because of its fragility, "best represents" 1989.[53][54] "All You Had to Do Was Stay" laments a past relationship and originated from Swift's dream of desperately shouting "Stay" to an ex-lover against her will.[55]

The dance-pop track "Shake It Off", sharing a loosely similar sentiment with "Blank Space", sees Swift expressing disinterest in her detractors and their negative remarks on her image.[56][57] The bubblegum pop song "I Wish You Would", which uses pulsing snare drums and sizzling guitars, finds Swift longing for the return of a past relationship.[58][59][60] Swift said that "Bad Blood", a track that incorporates heavy, stomping drums,[49] is about betrayal by an unnamed female peer, alleged to be Katy Perry, with whom Swift was involved in a feud that received widespread media coverage.[18][61] "Wildest Dreams" speaks of a dangerous affair with an apparently untrustworthy man and incorporates a sultry, dramatic atmosphere accompanied by string instruments.[20][50][62] On "How You Get the Girl", a bubblegum pop track featuring guitar strums over a heavy disco-styled beat, Swift hints at her desire to reunite with an ex-lover.[50][59][63] "This Love" is a soft rock-flavored electropop ballad.[48][49]

The penultimate track of the standard edition is "I Know Places", which expresses Swift's desire to preserve an unstable relationship. Swift stated that it serves as a loose sequel to "Out of the Woods".[53] Accompanied by dark, intense drum and bass-influenced beats, the song uses a metaphor of foxes running away from hunters to convey hiding from scrutiny.[62][64] The final track on the standard edition, "Clean", is an understated soft rock and synth-folk song talking about the struggles to escape from a toxic yet addictive relationship; the protagonist is "finally clean" after a destructive yet cleansing torrential storm.[48][65][66] "Wonderland", the first of the three bonus songs on the deluxe edition, alludes to the fantasy book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland to describe a relationship tumbling down a "rabbit hole".[26] Inspired by Antonoff and Lena Dunham's relationship, the ballad "You Are in Love" is about an ideal relationship from another woman's perspective.[67][68] The final song's title, "New Romantics", refers to the cultural movement in the late 1970s and early 1980s.[26] With a strong 1980s synth-pop sound, the song sees Swift reigniting her hopes and energy after the heartbreaks she had endured.[45][69]

Title and artwork

Swift named 1989 after her birth year and said it signified a symbolic rebirth of her image and artistry.[20][70] As creative director for the album's packaging,[23] Swift included pictures taken with a Polaroid instant camera—a photographic method popular in the 1980s.[71][72] The cover is a Polaroid portrait of Swift's face cut off at the eyes, which Swift said would bring about a sense of mystery: "I didn't want people to know the emotional DNA of this album. I didn't want them to see a smiling picture on the cover and think this was a happy album, or see a sad-looking facial expression and think, oh, this is another breakup record."[73][74] She is wearing red lipstick and a lavender sweatshirt embroidered with flying seagulls.[71][75] Her initials are written with black marker on the bottom left, and the title 1989 on the bottom right.[72][74]

Each CD copy of 1989 includes a packet, one of five available sets, of 13 random Polaroid pictures, made up from 65 different pictures.[76] The pictures portray Swift in different settings such as backdrops of New York City and recording sessions with the producers.[77] The photos are out-of-focus, off-framed, with a sepia-tinged treatment, and feature the 1989 songs' lyrics written with black marker on the bottom.[72] Polaroid Corporation chief executive Scott Hardy reported that the 1989 Polaroid concept propelled a revival in instant film, especially among the hipster subculture who valued the "nostalgia and retro element of what [their] company stands for".[78] Billboard in 2022 ranked the cover of 1989 as one of the 50 greatest album covers of all time.[79]

Release and promotion

Swift marketed 1989 as her first "official pop" album.[80] To bolster sales, Swift and Big Machine implemented an extensive marketing plan.[81] As observed by Maryn Wilkinson, an academic specialized in media studies, Swift adopted a "zany" aspect for her 1989 persona.[note 2] As Swift had been associated with a hardworking and authentic persona through her country songs, her venture to "artificial, manufactured" pop required intricate maneuvering to retain her sense of authenticity.[83] She used social media extensively to communicate with her fan base. To attract a younger audience, she had promoted her country songs online previously.[84] Her social media posts showcased her personal life, making fans feel engaged with her authentic self and thus cemented their support while attracting a new fan base besides her already large one.[82][80]

She also promoted the album through product endorsements with Subway, Keds, and Diet Coke.[85] Swift held a live stream via Yahoo! sponsored by ABC News on August 18, where she announced the details of 1989 and released the lead single "Shake It Off",[86] which debuted atop the US Billboard Hot 100.[87] To connect further with her supporters, Swift selected a number of fans based on their engagement on social media and invited them to private album-listening sessions called "the 1989 Secret Sessions".[84] They took place at her properties in Los Angeles, New York City, Nashville, Rhode Island, and London throughout September 2014.[88]

 
Swift on the 1989 World Tour, the highest-grossing tour of 2015

The album's standard and deluxe editions were released for download on digital platforms on October 27, 2014.[89] In the United States and Canada, the deluxe edition was available exclusively through Target Corporation.[29][90] The songs "Out of the Woods" and "Welcome to New York" were released through the iTunes Store as promotional singles on October 14 and 20, respectively.[91] 1989 was supported by a string of commercially successful singles,[92] including Billboard Hot 100 number ones "Blank Space" and "Bad Blood" featuring rapper Kendrick Lamar, and top-10 hits "Style" and "Wildest Dreams".[93] Other singles were "Out of the Woods", previously a promotional single,[94] and "New Romantics".[95] The deluxe edition bonus tracks, which had been available exclusively through Target, were released on the US iTunes Store in 2015.[96]

On November 3, 2014, Swift removed her entire catalog from Spotify, the largest on-demand streaming service at the time,[76] arguing that their ad-supported free service undermined the platform's premium service, which provides higher royalties for songwriters.[97] She had written an op-ed for The Wall Street Journal in July 2014, expressing her concerns over the decline of the album as an economic entity following the rise of free, on-demand streaming.[98] Big Machine and Swift kept 1989 only on paid subscription-required platforms such as Rhapsody and Beats Music.[81] This move prompted an industry-wide debate on the impact of streaming on declining record sales during the digital era.[80]

In June 2015, Swift stated that she would remove 1989 from Apple Music, criticizing the service for not offering royalties to artists during their free three-month trial period.[99] After Apple Music announced that it would pay artists royalties during the free trial period, she agreed to leave 1989 on their service; she then featured in a series of commercials for Apple Music.[100][101] She re-added her entire catalog on Spotify in June 2017.[1] Swift began rerecording her first six studio albums, including 1989, in November 2020.[102] The decision came after talent manager Scooter Braun acquired the masters of Swift's first six studio albums, which Swift had been trying to buy for years, following her departure from Big Machine in November 2018.[103]

In addition to online promotion, Swift made many appearances on radio and television.[81] She performed at awards shows including the MTV Video Music Awards[104] and the American Music Awards.[105] Her appearances on popular television talk shows included Jimmy Kimmel Live!, The Ellen DeGeneres Show, Late Show with David Letterman and Good Morning America.[81] She was part of the line-up for the iHeartRadio Music Festival,[106] CBS Radio's "We Can Survive" benefit concert,[107] the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show[108] and the Jingle Ball Tour.[109] The album's supporting tour, the 1989 World Tour, ran from May to December 2015. It kicked off in Tokyo,[110] and concluded in Melbourne.[111] Swift invited various special guests on tour with her, including singers and fashion models the media called Swift's "squad" which received media coverage.[112] The 1989 World Tour was the highest-grossing tour of 2015, earning over $250 million at the box office.[113] In North America alone, the tour grossed $181.5 million, setting the record for highest-grossing US tour by a woman.[114] Swift broke this record in 2018 with her Reputation Stadium Tour.[115]

Commercial performance

US music-industry publications were fond of predicting 1989's sales performance;[81] the music industry had seen declining record sales brought by digital download and streaming platforms,[116] but Swift had established herself as a best-selling album artist in the digital era: her last two albums, Speak Now (2010) and Red (2012), each sold over one million copies within one week.[80] Many industry personnel questioned whether Swift abandoning country music and withdrawing from streaming would impact the album's sales.[80] During one week leading to 1989's release, publications predicted the album would sell short of one million copies in its debut week, with estimations from 600,000 to 750,000[116] to 800,000–900,000.[117] After 1989 was released, Billboard closely monitored its sales and raised the first-week prediction from 900,000[118] to one million within 24 hours,[119] 1.2 million within 48 hours,[120] and 1.3 million after six days of tracking.[121]

Through November 2, 2014, 1989 debuted atop the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 1.287 million copies, according to data compiled by Billboard for the chart dated November 15, 2014. Swift became the first artist to have three albums each sell one million copies within the first week, and 1989 was the first album released in 2014 to exceed one million copies.[122] 1989 topped the Billboard 200 for 11 non-consecutive weeks[123] and spent the first full year after its release in the top 10 of the Billboard 200.[124] By August 2022, the album had spent 400 weeks on the chart.[125][126] 1989 exceeded sales of five million copies in US sales by July 2015, the fastest-selling album since 2004 up to that point.[note 3] With 6.215 million copies sold by the end of 2019, the album was the third-best-selling album of the 2010s decade in the United States.[129] The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the album nine-times platinum, which denotes nine million album-equivalent units.[130] As of August 2023, 1989 had accumulated 12.3 million album-equivalent units in the United States.[131]

1989 also reached number one on the record charts of various European and Oceanic countries, including Australia, Belgium, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, and Switzerland.[132] The album received multi-platinum certifications in many countries, such as Australia (eleven-times platinum),[133] Austria (triple platinum),[134] Belgium (four-times platinum),[135] New Zealand (nine-times platinum),[136] and Norway (triple platinum).[137] In Canada, it was certified six-times platinum by Music Canada (MC)[138] and sold 542,000 copies to become the decade's fifth-best-selling album.[139] It was the fastest-selling album by a female artist of 2014 in the United Kingdom,[140] where it earned a five-times platinum certification from the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).[141] In the Asia-Pacific markets, 1989 was certified platinum in Japan and Singapore,[142][143] and it sold over one million units as of August 2019 to become one of the best-selling digital albums in China.[144] According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), 1989 was the second-best-selling album of 2014 and third-best-selling of 2015.[145][146] By 2022, the album was Swift's best-selling and had sold 14 million copies worldwide.[147]

After Swift embarked on her sixth headlining world tour, the Eras Tour, in March 2023, sales and streams of Swift's discography resurged.[148] 1989 reached new peaks on the albums charts in Greece (number one),[149] Austria (number four),[150] Sweden (number 17).[151] It appeared on new albums charts of Argentina (number one),[152] Uruguay (number seven),[153] and Iceland (number 25).[154]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
AnyDecentMusic?7.4/10[155]
Metacritic76/100[156]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic     [157]
The A.V. ClubB+[38]
Cuepoint (Expert Witness)A−[158]
The Daily Telegraph     [65]
The Guardian     [62]
Los Angeles Times    [50]
NME7/10[48]
Pitchfork7.7/10[45]
Rolling Stone     [63]
Spin7/10[64]

When 1989 was first released, contemporary music critics gave it generally positive reviews.[9] On Metacritic, a review aggregator site that compiles reviews from mainstream publications and assigns a weighted average score out of 100, 1989 received a score of 76 that was based on 29 reviews.[156] AnyDecentMusic? compiled 28 reviews and gave the album a score of 7.4 out of 10.[155]

Most reviewers highlighted Swift's mature perception of love and heartbreak.[159] The A.V. Club's Marah Eakin praised her shift from overtly romantic struggles to more positive themes of accepting and celebrating the moment.[38] Neil McCormick of The Daily Telegraph commended the album's "[sharp] observation and emotional engagement" that contrasted with lyrics found in "commercialised pop".[65] Alexis Petridis of The Guardian lauded Swift's artistic control that resulted in a "perfectly attuned" 1980s-styled synth-pop authenticity.[62]

The album's 1980s synth-pop production divided critics. In an enthusiastic review, The New York Times' Jon Caramanica complimented Swift's avoidance of contemporary hip hop/R&B crossover trends, writing, "Ms. Swift is aiming somewhere even higher, a mode of timelessness that few true pop stars...even bother aspiring to."[31] Writing for Rolling Stone, Rob Sheffield characterized the record as "deeply weird, feverishly emotional, wildly enthusiastic".[63] In a review published by Cuepoint, Robert Christgau applauded her departure from country to experiment with new styles, but felt this shift was not radical.[158] NME's Matthew Horton considered Swift's transition to pop "a success", save for the inclusion of the "soft-rock mush" of "This Love" and "Clean".[48] Shane Kimberlin writing for musicOMH deemed Swift's transition to pop on 1989 "not completely successful", but praised her lyrics for incorporating "enough heart and personality", which he found rare in the mainstream pop scene.[160]

Some critics lamented that Swift's move from country to pop eroded her authenticity as a songwriter, particularly because of pop music's "capitalist nature" as opposed to country music's emphasis on authenticity.[161][147] Slant Magazine's Annie Galvin observed that Swift maintained the clever songwriting that had distinguished her earlier releases, but was disappointed with the new musical style.[60] Entertainment Weekly's Adam Markovitz and Spin's Andrew Unterberger were critical of the heavy synthesizers, which undermined Swift's conventionally vivid lyrics.[64][162] AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine described the album as "a sparkling soundtrack to an aspirational lifestyle" that fails to transcend the "transient transparencies of modern pop".[157] Mikael Wood, in his review for the Los Angeles Times, found the album inauthentic, but acknowledged her effort to emulate the music of an era she did not experience.[50]

Awards and rankings

1989 won industry awards, including Favorite Pop/Rock Album at the American Music Awards[163] and Album of the Year (Western) at the Japan Gold Disc Awards in 2015,[164] and Album of the Year at the iHeartRadio Music Awards in 2016.[165] It also earned nominations for Best International Pop/Rock Album at the Echo Music Prize,[166] International Album of the Year at the Juno Awards,[167] and Best International Album at the Los Premios 40 Principales in 2015.[168] At the 58th Annual Grammy Awards in 2016, 1989 won Album of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Album.[169] Swift became the first female solo artist to win Album of the Year twice—her first win was for Fearless (2008) in 2010.[170]

Many publications ranked 1989 among the best albums of 2014. Those who placed the album within their top 10 included Billboard (first),[171] American Songwriter (4th),[172] Time (4th),[173] The Daily Telegraph (5th),[174] The Music (5th),[175] Drowned in Sound (6th),[176] Complex (8th),[177] and Rolling Stone (10th).[178] Other publications that featured 1989 in their lists were The Guardian,[179] The A.V. Club,[180] PopMatters,[181] Pitchfork,[182] and MusicOMH.[183] The album ranked 7th on The Village Voice's 2014 Pazz & Jop mass critics' poll[184] and featured in individual critics' lists by Jon Caramanica for The New York Times (7th),[185] Ken Tucker for NPR (3rd),[186] and Brian Mansfield for USA Today (1st).[187]

Legacy

Cultural influence

1989 transformed Swift's image from a country singer to a pop icon.[188][189] According to Time's Raisa Bruner, "1989 changed the music industry forever and cemented Swift's place as not only an artist with longevity, but a star who would make music on her own terms."[190] It was the second album to spawn five or more US top-10 singles in the 2010s decade,[note 4] and made Swift the second woman to have two albums each score five US top-10 hits.[note 5] Its singles received heavy rotation on US radio over a year and a half following its release, which Billboard noted as "a kind of cultural omnipresence" that was rare for a 2010s album.[193] Shaun Cullen, an academic specializing in the humanities, described Swift as a figure "at the cutting edge of postmillennial pop".[194] Swift continued to incorporate the 1980s pop sound of 1989 to her next albums such as Reputation (2017), Lover (2019), and Midnights (2022).[112][195] Antonoff continued working with Swift on those albums and collaborated with other musicians to commercial success, and he credited Swift as the "first person" who recognized him a producer.[195]

 
Ryan Adams (pictured) released his track-by-track cover of 1989 in September 2015.

Artists who cited 1989 as an influence included the singer-songwriter Conan Gray,[196] the actor and musician Jared Leto,[197] and the pop band Vamps, who was inspired by 1989 to compose their album Wake Up (2015).[198] The director Jennifer Kaytin Robinson cited 1989 as an inspiration for her feature film debut, Someone Great (2019).[199] The singer-songwriter Ryan Adams released his track-by-track cover album of 1989 in September 2015. Finding it a "joyful" record, he listened to the album frequently to cope with his broken marriage in late 2014.[200] On his rendition, Adams incorporated acoustic instruments, which contrast with the original's electronic production.[201][202] Swift was delighted with Adams' cover and told him, "What you did with my album was like actors changing emphasis."[203]

Along with 1989's success, Swift's status as a pop star became a subject of media scrutiny. Swift described herself as a feminist,[204] but her public appearances with singers and fashion models whom the media called her "squad" gave the impression that she did so just to keep her name afloat in news headlines.[112] Kristy Fairclough, a professor in popular culture and film, commented, "Her shifting aesthetic and allegiances appear confusing in an overall narrative that presents Taylor Swift as the centre of the cultural universe."[112] Swift's disputes with several celebrities, including rapper Kanye West, diminished the sense of authenticity that she had maintained.[101][note 6] Swift announced a prolonged hiatus following the 1989 World Tour because "people might need a break from [her]".[101] Her follow-up album, Reputation, was influenced by the media commotion surrounding her celebrity.[206]

Critical reevaluation

After Adams released his 1989 cover in 2015, Pitchfork attracted criticism when it reviewed his rendition while neglecting Swift's artistic output.[207] In the New Statesman, Anna Leszkiewicz wrote that the "most highbrow music critics" praised Adams for transforming Swift's 1989 from a "cheesy" album to a more serious one.[208] The philosopher Alison Stone argued that this critical reaction was a result of both rockism and sexism. According to Stone, music journalism assumed that Swift's pop music had its "feminine" qualities of "superficiality and triviality", which it deemed inferior to Adams's indie rock and "singer-songwriter" identities that supposedly embodied authenticity and meaningfulness.[209] Stone and Slate's Forrest Wickman commented that this was in line with Pitchfork and other rock-music critics' tendency to prefer male-oriented, "edgy" musicians to "mainstream" acts.[207][210]

Retrospective reviews have considered 1989 an artistically accomplished album. Paste's Ellen Johnson wrote that it was "one of the best American pop albums of all time",[211] and Esquire's Alex Bilmes regarded it as Swift's masterpiece and a modern classic.[212] The Guardian's Ian Gormely wrote that 1989 made Swift the catalyst for poptimism—a critical reassessment of "mainstream" pop music that had been largely dismissed by "indie" music audiences.[213] Lucy Ford of GQ said by embracing synth-pop, Swift "[proved] genres don't indicate authenticity".[214] For many critics, the album stood out in contemporary music because Swift deliberately avoided contemporary hip-hop trends to incorporate 1980s/1990s musical influences, which made it an ambitious album with a nostalgic and classic sound;[note 7] the BBC's Rob Freeman described the sound as "retrofuturist".[217] NME's Hannah Mylrea deemed 1989 Swift's best album with a refined production and sharp lyrics.[218] For the Alternative Press's Kelsey Barnes and Slant Magazine's Annie Galvin, the album fostered Swift's artistic autonomy to experiment with different sounds and songwriting tropes.[219][220] Some critics, such as Lucy Harbron from Clash and Neil Smith from the BBC, regarded 1989 as a pioneer for artists who experimented beyond their perceived musical boundaries.[221][222]

Many publications ranked 1989 among their best albums of the 2010s decade—according to Metacritic, it is the 16th-most prominently acclaimed album on decade-end lists.[223] The A.V. Club[224] and Slant Magazine placed it in the top ten of their lists,[225] and it featured in the top 50 on lists by Billboard,[226] Consequence,[92] NME,[227] Paste,[228] Rolling Stone,[229] and Uproxx.[230] Consequence additionally ranked it sixth on their list of the best 2010s-decade pop albums,[231] and Variety's Chris Willman ranked it first on his personal list.[232] The Guardian featured the album at number 89 on a 2019 list of the 100 best albums of the 21st century.[233] The Times' Ed Potton dubbed it the "album of the century".[234] On Pitchfork's readers' poll for the 2010s decade, it ranked 44th.[235] 1989 placed at number 393 on Rolling Stone's 2023 revision of their 500 Greatest Albums of All Time,[236] and number 39 on Consequence's The 100 Greatest Albums of All Time (2022).[237]

2023 re-recording

Main article: 1989 (Taylor's Version)

In November 2020, after a dispute over the ownership of Swift's back catalog, she began re-recording her first six studio albums that had been released by Big Machine. By re-recording them, Swift had the full ownership of the masters, which granted her full authorization of using her music for commercial purposes and therefore substituted the Big Machine-owned masters.[238] Swift released the re-recording of 1989, subtitled Taylor's Version, on October 27, 2023, nine years after the original release of 1989. It was the fourth re-recorded album in the series, following the Taylor's Version re-recordings of Fearless (2021), Red (2021), and Speak Now (2023).[239] 1989 (Taylor's Version)'s standard track-list contains re-recorded versions of all tracks on the deluxe 1989 edition and five previously unreleased "From the Vault" tracks.[240] After the announcement of 1989 (Taylor's Version), the original album re-entered the top 10 of the Billboard 200 chart dated August 26, 2023.[241]

Track listing

1989 – Standard edition[23]
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Welcome to New York"
3:32
2."Blank Space"
  • Martin
  • Shellback
3:51
3."Style"
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Payami
3:51
4."Out of the Woods"
  • Swift
  • Antonoff
  • Martin[a]
3:55
5."All You Had to Do Was Stay"
  • Swift
  • Martin
3:13
6."Shake It Off"
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Martin
  • Shellback
3:39
7."I Wish You Would"
  • Swift
  • Antonoff
3:27
8."Bad Blood"
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Martin
  • Shellback
3:31
9."Wildest Dreams"
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Martin
  • Shellback
3:40
10."How You Get the Girl"
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Martin
  • Shellback
4:07
11."This Love"Swift
4:10
12."I Know Places"
  • Swift
  • Tedder
  • Swift
  • Tedder
  • Zancanella
3:15
13."Clean"
  • Swift
  • Heap
4:30
Total length:48:41
1989 – Deluxe edition (bonus tracks)[242]
No.TitleWriter(s)ProducersLength
14."Wonderland"
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Martin
  • Shellback
4:05
15."You Are in Love"
  • Swift
  • Antonoff
  • Swift
  • Antonoff
4:27
16."New Romantics"
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
  • Martin
  • Shellback
3:50
Total length:60:23
1989 – CD deluxe edition (bonus tracks)[90]
No.TitleWriter(s)ProducersLength
17."I Know Places" (piano/vocal voice memo)
  • Swift
  • Tedder
Swift3:36
18."I Wish You Would" (track/vocal voice memo)
  • Swift
  • Antonoff
Swift1:47
19."Blank Space" (guitar/vocal voice memo)
  • Swift
  • Martin
  • Shellback
Swift2:11
Total length:68:37

Notes

  • ^a signifies a vocal producer
  • ^b signifies an additional producer

Personnel

Adapted from the liner notes of 1989[23]

Production
Instruments
  • Taylor Swift – heartbeat, claps, shouts, acoustic guitar, lead vocals, background vocals
  • Max Martin – keyboard, piano, claps, shouts, background vocals
  • Shellback – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bass, keyboard, percussion, shouts, stomps, additional guitars, guitar, knees, noise, claps, drums, background vocals
  • Imogen Heap – vibraphone, drums, mbira, percussion, keyboards, background vocals
  • Jack Antonoff – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, keyboards, bass, drums, background vocals
  • Ryan Tedder – piano, Juno, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, drum programming, additional synth, background vocals
  • Niklas Ljungfelt – guitar
  • Jonas Thander – saxophone
  • Jonas Lindeborg – trumpet
  • Magnus Wiklund – trombone
  • Ali Payami – keyboards
  • Noel Zancanella – drum programming, synthesizer, bass, additional synth
  • Nathan Chapman – electric guitar, bass, keyboards, drums
  • Mattman & Robin – drums, guitar, bass, keyboard, percussion
  • Greg Kurstin – keyboards
Art
  • Taylor Swift – creative director
  • Sarah Barlow – photography
  • Stephen Schofield – photography
  • Josh & Bethany Newman – art direction
  • Austin Hale – design
  • Amy Fucci – design
  • Joseph Cassell – wardrobe stylist

Charts

Decade-end charts

2010s decade-end charts for 1989
Chart (2010s) Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[360] 8
Canadian Albums (Billboard)[139] 5
UK Albums (OCC)[361] 25
US Billboard 200[362] 2

All-time charts

All-time charts for 1989
Chart Position
Irish Female Albums (IRMA)[note 8] 36
US Billboard 200[note 9] 64
US Billboard 200 – Women[note 10] 5

Certifications and sales

Certifications for 1989, with pure sales where available
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[133] 11× Platinum 770,000‡
Austria (IFPI Austria)[134] 3× Platinum 45,000*
Belgium (BEA)[135] 4× Platinum 120,000‡
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[368] Platinum 40,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[368]
Digital sales 		Gold 20,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[138] 6× Platinum 542,000[note 11]
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[369] 2× Platinum 40,000‡
France (SNEP)[370] Platinum 100,000‡
Germany (BVMI)[371] Platinum 200,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[372] Platinum 50,000‡
Japan (RIAJ)[142] Platinum 250,000^
Mexico (AMPROFON)[373] 3× Platinum+Gold 210,000^
Netherlands (NVPI)[374] Gold 20,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[136] 9× Platinum 135,000‡
Norway (IFPI Norway)[137] 3× Platinum 60,000*
Poland (ZPAV)[375] 2× Platinum 40,000‡
Singapore (RIAS)[143] 3× Platinum 30,000*
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[376] Gold 20,000‡
Sweden (GLF)[377] Gold 20,000‡
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[378] Gold 10,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[141] 5× Platinum 1,127,000[note 12]
United States (RIAA)[130] 9× Platinum 6,472,000[note 13]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates and formats for 1989
Region Date Edition(s) Format(s) Label Ref.
Various October 27, 2014
  • Standard
  • deluxe
 Digital download Big Machine [89][381]
Canada Standard
  • CD
  • digital download
[382][383]
United States Big Machine [384][385]
Canada Deluxe CD [90]
United States
Germany
  • Standard
  • deluxe
 Universal [386][387]
United Kingdom Virgin EMI [388][389]
Australia October 28, 2014 Standard CD Universal [390]
Japan October 29, 2014 Deluxe CD+DVD [391]
Canada December 9, 2014 Standard Vinyl [392]
United States Big Machine [393]
United States December 15, 2014
Digital download [394]
Mainland China December 30, 2014 Deluxe CD Universal [395]
Canada March 3, 2015
  • Deluxe
  • karaoke
 Digital download Big Machine [396]
United States April 14, 2015
  • Standard
  • karaoke
 CD+G/DVD [397]
Canada May 14, 2015
  • Deluxe
  • karaoke
 CD+G [398]
Various June 8, 2017
  • Standard
  • deluxe
 Streaming[note 14] [399]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Swift made 1989 available on free streaming platforms again in June 2017.[1]
  2. ^ Wilkinson used "zany" to describe Swift as "a figure who emphasises the pop 'performance' as one of hard work instead, because she exposed its construction as one that does not come 'naturally'".[82]
  3. ^ The record was later surpassed by Adele's 25 (2015).[127][128]
  4. ^ Following Katy Perry's Teenage Dream (2010)[191]
  5. ^ After Janet Jackson; her first album to have five US top-10 entries was Fearless (2008).[192]
  6. ^ Swift and West previously had a publicized adversary at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards, where West interrupted Swift's acceptance speech for Best Female Video. Their so-called feud emerged again when West released his 2016 single "Famous", in which West incorporates a lyric referencing Swift. West claimed that he had asked for Swift's approval, which she objected to.[205]
  7. ^ Attributed to The Guardian's Ian Gormely,[213] GQ's Jay Willis,[215] and Vulture' Sasha Geffen[216]
  8. ^ Compiled by the Official Charts Company as of March 2019[363]
  9. ^ Complied by Billboard for albums 1963–2015[364][365]
  10. ^ Compiled by Billboard for albums 1963–2017[366][367]
  11. ^ Canadian sales for 1989 as of January 2020[139]
  12. ^ UK sales for 1989 as of October 2022[379]
  13. ^ US sales for 1989 as of January 2024[380]
  14. ^ 1989 was made available on subscription-free streaming platforms on June 8, 2017, and had been available on subscription-based platforms since its release.

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April 11, 2024
1989, album, 2023, recording, 1989, taylor, version, other, albums, 1989, disambiguation, albums, 1989, fifth, studio, album, american, singer, songwriter, taylor, swift, released, october, 2014, machine, records, inspired, 1980s, synth, swift, conceived, 1989. For the 2023 re recording see 1989 Taylor s Version For other albums see 1989 disambiguation Albums 1989 is the fifth studio album by the American singer songwriter Taylor Swift released on October 27 2014 by Big Machine Records Inspired by 1980s synth pop Swift conceived 1989 to recalibrate her artistry to pop after critics disputed her status as a country musician when she released the cross genre Red 2012 to country radio She titled 1989 after her birth year as a symbolic artistic rebirth and enlisted Max Martin who produced Red s electronic influenced pop tracks as co executive producer 1989Standard North American coverStudio album by Taylor SwiftReleasedOctober 27 2014 2014 10 27 StudioConway Recording Los Angeles Jungle City New York City Lamby s House Brooklyn MXM Stockholm Pain in the Art Nashville Elevator Nobody Goteborg The Hideaway London GenreSynth popLength48 41LabelBig MachineProducerMax Martin Taylor Swift Shellback Jack Antonoff Ryan Tedder Noel Zancanella Ali Payami Nathan Chapman Imogen Heap Mattman amp RobinTaylor Swift chronologyRed 2012 1989 2014 Reputation 2017 Singles from 1989 Shake It Off Released August 19 2014 Blank Space Released November 10 2014 Style Released February 9 2015 Bad Blood Released May 17 2015 Wildest Dreams Released August 31 2015 Out of the Woods Released January 19 2016 New Romantics Released February 23 2016Swift recorded 1989 at studios across the United States the United Kingdom and Sweden with an ensemble including Martin Shellback Jack Antonoff Ryan Tedder Nathan Chapman and Imogen Heap The synth pop production is characterized by pulsing synthesizers programmed drum machines and processed backing vocals with electronic elements a stark contrast to the acoustic arrangements of Swift s past albums The songs expand on Swift s autobiographical songwriting and explore failed romance from a lighthearted perspective Swift and Big Machine promoted 1989 extensively through tie ins and media endorsements but withheld the album from free streaming services which prompted an industry discourse on the impact of streaming note 1 To support the album Swift embarked on the 1989 World Tour which was the highest grossing tour of 2015 Among seven singles released three peaked atop the US Billboard Hot 100 Shake It Off Blank Space and Bad Blood 1989 spent 11 weeks atop the Billboard 200 and was certified nine times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America RIAA It has sold over 14 million copies worldwide and was certified multi platinum in many countries When 1989 was first released music critics generally complimented its production as catchy they found an emotional engagement in its songwriting but some felt the synth pop production eroded Swift s artistic integrity a criticism that journalists and academics retrospectively regarded as rockist 1989 won Album of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Album at the 2016 Grammy Awards and it was listed in all time album rankings by Rolling Stone and Consequence Critics and academics have considered 1989 an album that transformed Swift s status to a pop icon and promoted poptimism but they also highlighted the media scrutiny that ensued Following a 2019 dispute regarding the ownership of Swift s back catalog she re recorded 1989 and released it as 1989 Taylor s Version on October 27 2023 Contents 1 Background 2 Recording and production 3 Music and lyrics 3 1 Overview 3 2 Songs 4 Title and artwork 5 Release and promotion 6 Commercial performance 7 Critical reception 8 Awards and rankings 9 Legacy 9 1 Cultural influence 9 2 Critical reevaluation 9 3 2023 re recording 10 Track listing 10 1 Notes 11 Personnel 12 Charts 12 1 Weekly charts 12 2 Year end charts 12 3 Decade end charts 12 4 All time charts 13 Certifications and sales 14 Release history 15 See also 16 Notes 17 References 17 1 Bibliography 18 External linksBackgroundTaylor Swift had identified as a country musician until her fourth studio album Red which was released on October 22 2012 by Big Machine Records 2 3 The album incorporates eclectic styles of pop and rock in addition to country and its two most commercially successful singles We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together and I Knew You Were Trouble 4 are pop songs with electronic stylings 5 6 The album s associated world tour which from March 2013 to June 2014 was the all time highest grossing country tour when it completed 7 Although Red was promoted to country radio and awards shows its pop leaning production sparked a media debate over Swift s status as a country artist 8 9 Swift s personal life was another aspect that attracted media attention 10 Her serial romantic relationships including a short lived romance with the English singer Harry Styles generated much tabloid coverage and blemished her America s Sweetheart image 11 12 In March 2014 Swift relocated from Nashville to New York City 13 she recounted that moving geographically while being unattached romantically prompted her to embrace new creative ideas 10 14 as did the media scrutiny of her public image 15 Recording and production nbsp nbsp The music by such 1980s artists as Peter Gabriel left and Annie Lennox right inspired 1989 16 Swift began writing her fifth studio album in mid 2013 when she was touring to support Red 17 She viewed Red as an album that straddled the boundary between country and pop and thus wanted its follow up to be blatant pop because she believed If you chase two rabbits you lose them both 18 Inspired by 1980s synth pop she viewed the decade as an experimental time in pop music when musicians abandoned the established drums guitar bass whatever production to make songs with synthesizers drum pads and overlapped vocals 19 20 Two of her main inspirations were Annie Lennox and Peter Gabriel she admired how the former conveyed her intense thoughts through music and the latter s synth pop sound created an atmosphere behind what he was singing rather than a produced track 16 Swift enlisted Martin and Shellback as prime collaborators because she found I Knew You Were Trouble topping the US pop radio chart for seven weeks a motivation to fully embrace the electronic pop sound that they produced 4 9 She enjoyed working with them because they often took her ideas in a different direction which challenged her as a songwriter 17 Big Machine president Scott Borchetta initially was skeptical of Swift s decision and persuaded her to record a few country songs with instruments such as fiddle but she rejected his request 4 Borchetta ultimately agreed with her to not promote the album to country radio which had been formative in driving Swift s career 21 22 Martin and Shellback produced seven of the standard edition s thirteen tracks 23 Swift credited Martin as co executive producer because he also recorded and produced the vocals on tracks where he was uncredited which she deemed important in producing a coherent album 4 nbsp I Wish You Would source source track The snare drums on I Wish You Would were inspired by Fine Young Cannibals 1988 single She Drives Me Crazy Problems playing this file See media help Jack Antonoff was another key producer on 1989 he had worked with Swift on the 1980s new wave influenced soundtrack single Sweeter than Fiction 2013 24 Antonoff extensively used the Juno 6 synthesizer which he thought to have such a sadness and a glory all at once 25 and co wrote and co produced three tracks two for the standard edition and one for the deluxe edition 20 I Wish You Would stemmed from his experimental sampling of the snare drums on Fine Young Cannibals 1988 single She Drives Me Crazy He played his sample to Swift on an iPhone and sent it to her to re record 19 The final track is a remix that retains the distinctive snare drums 26 For Out of the Woods Antonoff sent his finished instrumental track to Swift while she was on a plane 27 She sent him a voice memo containing the lyrics roughly 30 minutes later 18 The song was the first time Swift composed lyrics for an existing instrumental 28 Swift contacted Ryan Tedder with whom she had always wanted to work by a smartphone voice memo 29 He co wrote and co produced two songs Welcome to New York and I Know Places 23 For I Know Places Swift scheduled a meeting with him at the studio after forming a fully developed idea on her own the recording process the following day finalized it 30 Tedder spoke of Swift s work ethic and perfectionism with Time Ninety five times out of 100 if I get a track to where we re happy with it the artist will say That s amazing It s very rare to hear Nope that s not right But the artists I ve worked with who are the most successful are the ones who ll tell me to my face No you re wrong two or three times in a row And she did 6 For Clean Swift approached British producer Imogen Heap in London after writing the song s lyrics and melody Heap helped to complete the track by playing instruments on it the two finished recording after two takes in one day at Heap s studio 20 Nathan Chapman Swift s longtime collaborator co produced the track This Love 31 The album was mastered by Tom Coyne in two days at Sterling Sound Studio in New York City 23 20 Swift finalized the record upon completing the Asian leg of the Red Tour in mid 2014 32 Music and lyricsOverview The standard edition of 1989 includes 13 tracks the deluxe edition includes six additional tracks three original songs and three voice memos 33 34 The album prominently incorporates synthesizers programmed drum machines pulsating basslines and processed backing vocals a stark contrast to the acoustic arrangements of Swift s past albums 35 36 Because she aimed to recreate authentic 1980s pop the album is devoid of contemporary hip hop or R amp B crossover elements popular in mainstream music at the time 37 Although Swift declared her move from country to pop on 1989 several reviewers including The A V Club s Marah Eakin 38 argued that Swift had always been more pop oriented even on her early country songs 3 The three voice memos on the deluxe edition contain Swift s discussions of the songwriting process and unfinished demos for three songs I Know Places I Wish You Would and Blank Space 39 Myles McNutt a professor in communications and arts described the voice memos as Swift s effort to claim her authority over 1989 defying pop music s gendered hierarchy which had seen a dominance of male songwriters and producers 34 As with Swift s past albums 1989 is primarily about the emotions and reflections resulting from past romantic relationships 35 40 41 Swift s songwriting retained its storytelling which had been nurtured by her country music background 42 43 but it is more ambiguous and embraces pop music songwriting prioritizing emotional intensity and general ideas over intricate details 44 Swift s characters in the 1989 songs cease to vilify ex lovers and failed relationships like those on her past songs did 45 46 and instead look at them through a wistful perspective 18 She attributed this change of attitude to her realization of more complex relationships in which she was also responsible for the downfall instead of completely putting the blame on the other 16 For USA Today s Brian Mansfield even though the songs were inspired by Swift s personal life they resonated with a wide audience who found themselves and their situations represented in her songs 46 The album s liner notes which include a one sentence hidden message for each of the 13 songs collectively tell a story of a girl s tangled relationship Ultimately she finds that She lost him but she found herself and somehow that was everything 47 Songs nbsp Out of the Woods source source track With lyrics inspired by her personal troubles Swift described Out of the Woods as the song that best represents the album The track incorporates heavy 1980s styled synthesizers and looping percussions Problems playing this file See media help Swift s feelings when she first moved to New York City inspired the opening track Welcome to New York a synthesizer laden song finding Swift embracing her newfound freedom 31 48 Blank Space set over a minimal hip hop influenced beat satirizes the media s perception of Swift as a promiscuous woman who dates male celebrities only to gather songwriting material 38 49 The production of Style a funk flavored track was inspired by funky electronic music artists such as Daft Punk 20 50 its lyrics detail an unhealthy relationship 51 Out of the Woods is an indietronica flavored synth pop song featuring heavy synthesizers layered percussions and looping background vocals resulting in a chaotic sound 28 52 Swift said that the song which was inspired by a relationship that evoked constant anxiety because of its fragility best represents 1989 53 54 All You Had to Do Was Stay laments a past relationship and originated from Swift s dream of desperately shouting Stay to an ex lover against her will 55 The dance pop track Shake It Off sharing a loosely similar sentiment with Blank Space sees Swift expressing disinterest in her detractors and their negative remarks on her image 56 57 The bubblegum pop song I Wish You Would which uses pulsing snare drums and sizzling guitars finds Swift longing for the return of a past relationship 58 59 60 Swift said that Bad Blood a track that incorporates heavy stomping drums 49 is about betrayal by an unnamed female peer alleged to be Katy Perry with whom Swift was involved in a feud that received widespread media coverage 18 61 Wildest Dreams speaks of a dangerous affair with an apparently untrustworthy man and incorporates a sultry dramatic atmosphere accompanied by string instruments 20 50 62 On How You Get the Girl a bubblegum pop track featuring guitar strums over a heavy disco styled beat Swift hints at her desire to reunite with an ex lover 50 59 63 This Love is a soft rock flavored electropop ballad 48 49 The penultimate track of the standard edition is I Know Places which expresses Swift s desire to preserve an unstable relationship Swift stated that it serves as a loose sequel to Out of the Woods 53 Accompanied by dark intense drum and bass influenced beats the song uses a metaphor of foxes running away from hunters to convey hiding from scrutiny 62 64 The final track on the standard edition Clean is an understated soft rock and synth folk song talking about the struggles to escape from a toxic yet addictive relationship the protagonist is finally clean after a destructive yet cleansing torrential storm 48 65 66 Wonderland the first of the three bonus songs on the deluxe edition alludes to the fantasy book Alice s Adventures in Wonderland to describe a relationship tumbling down a rabbit hole 26 Inspired by Antonoff and Lena Dunham s relationship the ballad You Are in Love is about an ideal relationship from another woman s perspective 67 68 The final song s title New Romantics refers to the cultural movement in the late 1970s and early 1980s 26 With a strong 1980s synth pop sound the song sees Swift reigniting her hopes and energy after the heartbreaks she had endured 45 69 Title and artworkSwift named 1989 after her birth year and said it signified a symbolic rebirth of her image and artistry 20 70 As creative director for the album s packaging 23 Swift included pictures taken with a Polaroid instant camera a photographic method popular in the 1980s 71 72 The cover is a Polaroid portrait of Swift s face cut off at the eyes which Swift said would bring about a sense of mystery I didn t want people to know the emotional DNA of this album I didn t want them to see a smiling picture on the cover and think this was a happy album or see a sad looking facial expression and think oh this is another breakup record 73 74 She is wearing red lipstick and a lavender sweatshirt embroidered with flying seagulls 71 75 Her initials are written with black marker on the bottom left and the title 1989 on the bottom right 72 74 Each CD copy of 1989 includes a packet one of five available sets of 13 random Polaroid pictures made up from 65 different pictures 76 The pictures portray Swift in different settings such as backdrops of New York City and recording sessions with the producers 77 The photos are out of focus off framed with a sepia tinged treatment and feature the 1989 songs lyrics written with black marker on the bottom 72 Polaroid Corporation chief executive Scott Hardy reported that the 1989 Polaroid concept propelled a revival in instant film especially among the hipster subculture who valued the nostalgia and retro element of what their company stands for 78 Billboard in 2022 ranked the cover of 1989 as one of the 50 greatest album covers of all time 79 Release and promotionSwift marketed 1989 as her first official pop album 80 To bolster sales Swift and Big Machine implemented an extensive marketing plan 81 As observed by Maryn Wilkinson an academic specialized in media studies Swift adopted a zany aspect for her 1989 persona note 2 As Swift had been associated with a hardworking and authentic persona through her country songs her venture to artificial manufactured pop required intricate maneuvering to retain her sense of authenticity 83 She used social media extensively to communicate with her fan base To attract a younger audience she had promoted her country songs online previously 84 Her social media posts showcased her personal life making fans feel engaged with her authentic self and thus cemented their support while attracting a new fan base besides her already large one 82 80 She also promoted the album through product endorsements with Subway Keds and Diet Coke 85 Swift held a live stream via Yahoo sponsored by ABC News on August 18 where she announced the details of 1989 and released the lead single Shake It Off 86 which debuted atop the US Billboard Hot 100 87 To connect further with her supporters Swift selected a number of fans based on their engagement on social media and invited them to private album listening sessions called the 1989 Secret Sessions 84 They took place at her properties in Los Angeles New York City Nashville Rhode Island and London throughout September 2014 88 nbsp Swift on the 1989 World Tour the highest grossing tour of 2015The album s standard and deluxe editions were released for download on digital platforms on October 27 2014 89 In the United States and Canada the deluxe edition was available exclusively through Target Corporation 29 90 The songs Out of the Woods and Welcome to New York were released through the iTunes Store as promotional singles on October 14 and 20 respectively 91 1989 was supported by a string of commercially successful singles 92 including Billboard Hot 100 number ones Blank Space and Bad Blood featuring rapper Kendrick Lamar and top 10 hits Style and Wildest Dreams 93 Other singles were Out of the Woods previously a promotional single 94 and New Romantics 95 The deluxe edition bonus tracks which had been available exclusively through Target were released on the US iTunes Store in 2015 96 On November 3 2014 Swift removed her entire catalog from Spotify the largest on demand streaming service at the time 76 arguing that their ad supported free service undermined the platform s premium service which provides higher royalties for songwriters 97 She had written an op ed for The Wall Street Journal in July 2014 expressing her concerns over the decline of the album as an economic entity following the rise of free on demand streaming 98 Big Machine and Swift kept 1989 only on paid subscription required platforms such as Rhapsody and Beats Music 81 This move prompted an industry wide debate on the impact of streaming on declining record sales during the digital era 80 In June 2015 Swift stated that she would remove 1989 from Apple Music criticizing the service for not offering royalties to artists during their free three month trial period 99 After Apple Music announced that it would pay artists royalties during the free trial period she agreed to leave 1989 on their service she then featured in a series of commercials for Apple Music 100 101 She re added her entire catalog on Spotify in June 2017 1 Swift began rerecording her first six studio albums including 1989 in November 2020 102 The decision came after talent manager Scooter Braun acquired the masters of Swift s first six studio albums which Swift had been trying to buy for years following her departure from Big Machine in November 2018 103 In addition to online promotion Swift made many appearances on radio and television 81 She performed at awards shows including the MTV Video Music Awards 104 and the American Music Awards 105 Her appearances on popular television talk shows included Jimmy Kimmel Live The Ellen DeGeneres Show Late Show with David Letterman and Good Morning America 81 She was part of the line up for the iHeartRadio Music Festival 106 CBS Radio s We Can Survive benefit concert 107 the Victoria s Secret Fashion Show 108 and the Jingle Ball Tour 109 The album s supporting tour the 1989 World Tour ran from May to December 2015 It kicked off in Tokyo 110 and concluded in Melbourne 111 Swift invited various special guests on tour with her including singers and fashion models the media called Swift s squad which received media coverage 112 The 1989 World Tour was the highest grossing tour of 2015 earning over 250 million at the box office 113 In North America alone the tour grossed 181 5 million setting the record for highest grossing US tour by a woman 114 Swift broke this record in 2018 with her Reputation Stadium Tour 115 Commercial performanceUS music industry publications were fond of predicting 1989 s sales performance 81 the music industry had seen declining record sales brought by digital download and streaming platforms 116 but Swift had established herself as a best selling album artist in the digital era her last two albums Speak Now 2010 and Red 2012 each sold over one million copies within one week 80 Many industry personnel questioned whether Swift abandoning country music and withdrawing from streaming would impact the album s sales 80 During one week leading to 1989 s release publications predicted the album would sell short of one million copies in its debut week with estimations from 600 000 to 750 000 116 to 800 000 900 000 117 After 1989 was released Billboard closely monitored its sales and raised the first week prediction from 900 000 118 to one million within 24 hours 119 1 2 million within 48 hours 120 and 1 3 million after six days of tracking 121 Through November 2 2014 1989 debuted atop the US Billboard 200 with first week sales of 1 287 million copies according to data compiled by Billboard for the chart dated November 15 2014 Swift became the first artist to have three albums each sell one million copies within the first week and 1989 was the first album released in 2014 to exceed one million copies 122 1989 topped the Billboard 200 for 11 non consecutive weeks 123 and spent the first full year after its release in the top 10 of the Billboard 200 124 By August 2022 the album had spent 400 weeks on the chart 125 126 1989 exceeded sales of five million copies in US sales by July 2015 the fastest selling album since 2004 up to that point note 3 With 6 215 million copies sold by the end of 2019 the album was the third best selling album of the 2010s decade in the United States 129 The Recording Industry Association of America RIAA certified the album nine times platinum which denotes nine million album equivalent units 130 As of August 2023 1989 had accumulated 12 3 million album equivalent units in the United States 131 1989 also reached number one on the record charts of various European and Oceanic countries including Australia Belgium Ireland the Netherlands New Zealand Norway and Switzerland 132 The album received multi platinum certifications in many countries such as Australia eleven times platinum 133 Austria triple platinum 134 Belgium four times platinum 135 New Zealand nine times platinum 136 and Norway triple platinum 137 In Canada it was certified six times platinum by Music Canada MC 138 and sold 542 000 copies to become the decade s fifth best selling album 139 It was the fastest selling album by a female artist of 2014 in the United Kingdom 140 where it earned a five times platinum certification from the British Phonographic Industry BPI 141 In the Asia Pacific markets 1989 was certified platinum in Japan and Singapore 142 143 and it sold over one million units as of August 2019 to become one of the best selling digital albums in China 144 According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry IFPI 1989 was the second best selling album of 2014 and third best selling of 2015 145 146 By 2022 the album was Swift s best selling and had sold 14 million copies worldwide 147 After Swift embarked on her sixth headlining world tour the Eras Tour in March 2023 sales and streams of Swift s discography resurged 148 1989 reached new peaks on the albums charts in Greece number one 149 Austria number four 150 Sweden number 17 151 It appeared on new albums charts of Argentina number one 152 Uruguay number seven 153 and Iceland number 25 154 Critical receptionProfessional ratingsAggregate scoresSourceRatingAnyDecentMusic 7 4 10 155 Metacritic76 100 156 Review scoresSourceRatingAllMusic nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 157 The A V ClubB 38 Cuepoint Expert Witness A 158 The Daily Telegraph nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 65 The Guardian nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 62 Los Angeles Times nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 50 NME7 10 48 Pitchfork7 7 10 45 Rolling Stone nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 63 Spin7 10 64 When 1989 was first released contemporary music critics gave it generally positive reviews 9 On Metacritic a review aggregator site that compiles reviews from mainstream publications and assigns a weighted average score out of 100 1989 received a score of 76 that was based on 29 reviews 156 AnyDecentMusic compiled 28 reviews and gave the album a score of 7 4 out of 10 155 Most reviewers highlighted Swift s mature perception of love and heartbreak 159 The A V Club s Marah Eakin praised her shift from overtly romantic struggles to more positive themes of accepting and celebrating the moment 38 Neil McCormick of The Daily Telegraph commended the album s sharp observation and emotional engagement that contrasted with lyrics found in commercialised pop 65 Alexis Petridis of The Guardian lauded Swift s artistic control that resulted in a perfectly attuned 1980s styled synth pop authenticity 62 The album s 1980s synth pop production divided critics In an enthusiastic review The New York Times Jon Caramanica complimented Swift s avoidance of contemporary hip hop R amp B crossover trends writing Ms Swift is aiming somewhere even higher a mode of timelessness that few true pop stars even bother aspiring to 31 Writing for Rolling Stone Rob Sheffield characterized the record as deeply weird feverishly emotional wildly enthusiastic 63 In a review published by Cuepoint Robert Christgau applauded her departure from country to experiment with new styles but felt this shift was not radical 158 NME s Matthew Horton considered Swift s transition to pop a success save for the inclusion of the soft rock mush of This Love and Clean 48 Shane Kimberlin writing for musicOMH deemed Swift s transition to pop on 1989 not completely successful but praised her lyrics for incorporating enough heart and personality which he found rare in the mainstream pop scene 160 Some critics lamented that Swift s move from country to pop eroded her authenticity as a songwriter particularly because of pop music s capitalist nature as opposed to country music s emphasis on authenticity 161 147 Slant Magazine s Annie Galvin observed that Swift maintained the clever songwriting that had distinguished her earlier releases but was disappointed with the new musical style 60 Entertainment Weekly s Adam Markovitz and Spin s Andrew Unterberger were critical of the heavy synthesizers which undermined Swift s conventionally vivid lyrics 64 162 AllMusic s Stephen Thomas Erlewine described the album as a sparkling soundtrack to an aspirational lifestyle that fails to transcend the transient transparencies of modern pop 157 Mikael Wood in his review for the Los Angeles Times found the album inauthentic but acknowledged her effort to emulate the music of an era she did not experience 50 Awards and rankings1989 won industry awards including Favorite Pop Rock Album at the American Music Awards 163 and Album of the Year Western at the Japan Gold Disc Awards in 2015 164 and Album of the Year at the iHeartRadio Music Awards in 2016 165 It also earned nominations for Best International Pop Rock Album at the Echo Music Prize 166 International Album of the Year at the Juno Awards 167 and Best International Album at the Los Premios 40 Principales in 2015 168 At the 58th Annual Grammy Awards in 2016 1989 won Album of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Album 169 Swift became the first female solo artist to win Album of the Year twice her first win was for Fearless 2008 in 2010 170 Many publications ranked 1989 among the best albums of 2014 Those who placed the album within their top 10 included Billboard first 171 American Songwriter 4th 172 Time 4th 173 The Daily Telegraph 5th 174 The Music 5th 175 Drowned in Sound 6th 176 Complex 8th 177 and Rolling Stone 10th 178 Other publications that featured 1989 in their lists were The Guardian 179 The A V Club 180 PopMatters 181 Pitchfork 182 and MusicOMH 183 The album ranked 7th on The Village Voice s 2014 Pazz amp Jop mass critics poll 184 and featured in individual critics lists by Jon Caramanica for The New York Times 7th 185 Ken Tucker for NPR 3rd 186 and Brian Mansfield for USA Today 1st 187 LegacyCultural influence 1989 transformed Swift s image from a country singer to a pop icon 188 189 According to Time s Raisa Bruner 1989 changed the music industry forever and cemented Swift s place as not only an artist with longevity but a star who would make music on her own terms 190 It was the second album to spawn five or more US top 10 singles in the 2010s decade note 4 and made Swift the second woman to have two albums each score five US top 10 hits note 5 Its singles received heavy rotation on US radio over a year and a half following its release which Billboard noted as a kind of cultural omnipresence that was rare for a 2010s album 193 Shaun Cullen an academic specializing in the humanities described Swift as a figure at the cutting edge of postmillennial pop 194 Swift continued to incorporate the 1980s pop sound of 1989 to her next albums such as Reputation 2017 Lover 2019 and Midnights 2022 112 195 Antonoff continued working with Swift on those albums and collaborated with other musicians to commercial success and he credited Swift as the first person who recognized him a producer 195 nbsp Ryan Adams pictured released his track by track cover of 1989 in September 2015 Artists who cited 1989 as an influence included the singer songwriter Conan Gray 196 the actor and musician Jared Leto 197 and the pop band Vamps who was inspired by 1989 to compose their album Wake Up 2015 198 The director Jennifer Kaytin Robinson cited 1989 as an inspiration for her feature film debut Someone Great 2019 199 The singer songwriter Ryan Adams released his track by track cover album of 1989 in September 2015 Finding it a joyful record he listened to the album frequently to cope with his broken marriage in late 2014 200 On his rendition Adams incorporated acoustic instruments which contrast with the original s electronic production 201 202 Swift was delighted with Adams cover and told him What you did with my album was like actors changing emphasis 203 Along with 1989 s success Swift s status as a pop star became a subject of media scrutiny Swift described herself as a feminist 204 but her public appearances with singers and fashion models whom the media called her squad gave the impression that she did so just to keep her name afloat in news headlines 112 Kristy Fairclough a professor in popular culture and film commented Her shifting aesthetic and allegiances appear confusing in an overall narrative that presents Taylor Swift as the centre of the cultural universe 112 Swift s disputes with several celebrities including rapper Kanye West diminished the sense of authenticity that she had maintained 101 note 6 Swift announced a prolonged hiatus following the 1989 World Tour because people might need a break from her 101 Her follow up album Reputation was influenced by the media commotion surrounding her celebrity 206 Critical reevaluation After Adams released his 1989 cover in 2015 Pitchfork attracted criticism when it reviewed his rendition while neglecting Swift s artistic output 207 In the New Statesman Anna Leszkiewicz wrote that the most highbrow music critics praised Adams for transforming Swift s 1989 from a cheesy album to a more serious one 208 The philosopher Alison Stone argued that this critical reaction was a result of both rockism and sexism According to Stone music journalism assumed that Swift s pop music had its feminine qualities of superficiality and triviality which it deemed inferior to Adams s indie rock and singer songwriter identities that supposedly embodied authenticity and meaningfulness 209 Stone and Slate s Forrest Wickman commented that this was in line with Pitchfork and other rock music critics tendency to prefer male oriented edgy musicians to mainstream acts 207 210 Retrospective reviews have considered 1989 an artistically accomplished album Paste s Ellen Johnson wrote that it was one of the best American pop albums of all time 211 and Esquire s Alex Bilmes regarded it as Swift s masterpiece and a modern classic 212 The Guardian s Ian Gormely wrote that 1989 made Swift the catalyst for poptimism a critical reassessment of mainstream pop music that had been largely dismissed by indie music audiences 213 Lucy Ford of GQ said by embracing synth pop Swift proved genres don t indicate authenticity 214 For many critics the album stood out in contemporary music because Swift deliberately avoided contemporary hip hop trends to incorporate 1980s 1990s musical influences which made it an ambitious album with a nostalgic and classic sound note 7 the BBC s Rob Freeman described the sound as retrofuturist 217 NME s Hannah Mylrea deemed 1989 Swift s best album with a refined production and sharp lyrics 218 For the Alternative Press s Kelsey Barnes and Slant Magazine s Annie Galvin the album fostered Swift s artistic autonomy to experiment with different sounds and songwriting tropes 219 220 Some critics such as Lucy Harbron from Clash and Neil Smith from the BBC regarded 1989 as a pioneer for artists who experimented beyond their perceived musical boundaries 221 222 Many publications ranked 1989 among their best albums of the 2010s decade according to Metacritic it is the 16th most prominently acclaimed album on decade end lists 223 The A V Club 224 and Slant Magazine placed it in the top ten of their lists 225 and it featured in the top 50 on lists by Billboard 226 Consequence 92 NME 227 Paste 228 Rolling Stone 229 and Uproxx 230 Consequence additionally ranked it sixth on their list of the best 2010s decade pop albums 231 and Variety s Chris Willman ranked it first on his personal list 232 The Guardian featured the album at number 89 on a 2019 list of the 100 best albums of the 21st century 233 The Times Ed Potton dubbed it the album of the century 234 On Pitchfork s readers poll for the 2010s decade it ranked 44th 235 1989 placed at number 393 on Rolling Stone s 2023 revision of their 500 Greatest Albums of All Time 236 and number 39 on Consequence s The 100 Greatest Albums of All Time 2022 237 2023 re recording Main article 1989 Taylor s Version In November 2020 after a dispute over the ownership of Swift s back catalog she began re recording her first six studio albums that had been released by Big Machine By re recording them Swift had the full ownership of the masters which granted her full authorization of using her music for commercial purposes and therefore substituted the Big Machine owned masters 238 Swift released the re recording of 1989 subtitled Taylor s Version on October 27 2023 nine years after the original release of 1989 It was the fourth re recorded album in the series following the Taylor s Version re recordings of Fearless 2021 Red 2021 and Speak Now 2023 239 1989 Taylor s Version s standard track list contains re recorded versions of all tracks on the deluxe 1989 edition and five previously unreleased From the Vault tracks 240 After the announcement of 1989 Taylor s Version the original album re entered the top 10 of the Billboard 200 chart dated August 26 2023 241 Track listing1989 Standard edition 23 No TitleWriter s Producer s Length1 Welcome to New York Taylor SwiftRyan TedderSwiftTedderNoel Zancanella3 322 Blank Space SwiftMax MartinShellbackMartinShellback3 513 Style SwiftMartinShellbackAli PayamiMartinShellbackPayami3 514 Out of the Woods SwiftJack AntonoffSwiftAntonoffMartin a 3 555 All You Had to Do Was Stay SwiftMartinMartinShellbackMattman amp Robin3 136 Shake It Off SwiftMartinShellbackMartinShellback3 397 I Wish You Would SwiftAntonoffSwiftAntonoffMartin a Greg Kurstin b 3 278 Bad Blood SwiftMartinShellbackMartinShellback3 319 Wildest Dreams SwiftMartinShellbackMartinShellback3 4010 How You Get the Girl SwiftMartinShellbackMartinShellback4 0711 This Love SwiftSwiftNathan Chapman4 1012 I Know Places SwiftTedderSwiftTedderZancanella3 1513 Clean SwiftImogen HeapSwiftHeap4 30Total length 48 41 1989 Deluxe edition bonus tracks 242 No TitleWriter s ProducersLength14 Wonderland SwiftMartinShellbackMartinShellback4 0515 You Are in Love SwiftAntonoffSwiftAntonoff4 2716 New Romantics SwiftMartinShellbackMartinShellback3 50Total length 60 23 1989 CD deluxe edition bonus tracks 90 No TitleWriter s ProducersLength17 I Know Places piano vocal voice memo SwiftTedderSwift3 3618 I Wish You Would track vocal voice memo SwiftAntonoffSwift1 4719 Blank Space guitar vocal voice memo SwiftMartinShellbackSwift2 11Total length 68 37 Notes a signifies a vocal producer b signifies an additional producerPersonnelAdapted from the liner notes of 1989 23 ProductionTaylor Swift writer producer executive producer Max Martin vocal production producer writer programming executive producer Shellback producer writer programming Imogen Heap producer writer recording programming Jack Antonoff writer producer Ryan Tedder producer recording writer additional programming Ali Payami writer producer programming Noel Zancanella producer additional programming Nathan Chapman producer recording Jason Campbell production coordinator Mattman amp Robin producer programming Greg Kurstin additional production Michael Ilbert recording Smith Carlson recording Laura Sisk recording Sam Holland recording Matthew Tryba assistant recording Eric Eylands assistant recording Brendan Morawski assistant recording Cory Bice assistant recording Serban Ghenea mixing John Hanes engineered for mix Peter Carlsson Pro Tools engineer Tom Coyne mastering InstrumentsTaylor Swift heartbeat claps shouts acoustic guitar lead vocals background vocals Max Martin keyboard piano claps shouts background vocals Shellback acoustic guitar electric guitar bass keyboard percussion shouts stomps additional guitars guitar knees noise claps drums background vocals Imogen Heap vibraphone drums mbira percussion keyboards background vocals Jack Antonoff acoustic guitar electric guitar keyboards bass drums background vocals Ryan Tedder piano Juno acoustic guitar electric guitar drum programming additional synth background vocals Niklas Ljungfelt guitar Jonas Thander saxophone Jonas Lindeborg trumpet Magnus Wiklund trombone Ali Payami keyboards Noel Zancanella drum programming synthesizer bass additional synth Nathan Chapman electric guitar bass keyboards drums Mattman amp Robin drums guitar bass keyboard percussion Greg Kurstin keyboards ArtTaylor Swift creative director Sarah Barlow photography Stephen Schofield photography Josh amp Bethany Newman art direction Austin Hale design Amy Fucci design Joseph Cassell wardrobe stylistChartsWeekly charts 2014 2015 weekly chart performance for 1989 Chart 2014 2015 PeakpositionAustralian Albums ARIA 132 1Austrian Albums O3 Austria 150 5Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 243 1Belgian Albums Ultratop Wallonia 244 7Brazilian Albums ABPD 245 3Canadian Albums Billboard 246 1Croatian Albums HDU 247 1Czech Albums CNS IFPI 248 17Danish Albums Hitlisten 249 2Dutch Albums Album Top 100 250 1Finnish Albums Suomen virallinen lista 251 10French Albums SNEP 252 9German Albums Offizielle Top 100 253 4Greek Albums IFPI 254 11Hungarian Albums MAHASZ 255 22Irish Albums IRMA 256 1Italian Albums FIMI 257 5Japanese Albums Oricon 258 3Mexican Albums AMPROFON 259 1New Zealand Albums RMNZ 260 1Norwegian Albums VG lista 261 1Polish Albums ZPAV 262 17Portuguese Albums AFP 263 3Scottish Albums OCC 264 1South African Albums RISA 265 7South Korean Albums Circle 266 10South Korean International Albums Circle 267 2Spanish Albums PROMUSICAE 268 4Swedish Albums Sverigetopplistan 151 23Swiss Albums Schweizer Hitparade 269 3UK Albums OCC 270 1US Billboard 200 271 12021 2023 weekly chart performance for 1989 Chart 2021 2023 PeakpositionArgentine Albums CAPIF 152 1Austrian Albums O3 Austria 150 4Greek Albums IFPI 149 1Icelandic Albums Plotutidindi 154 25Swedish Albums Sverigetopplistan 151 17Swiss Albums Schweizer Hitparade 269 1Uruguayan Albums CUD 153 7US Independent Albums Billboard 272 2 Year end charts 2014 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2014 PositionArgentine Albums CAPIF 273 9Australian Albums ARIA 274 2Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 275 71Belgian Albums Ultratop Wallonia 276 198Canadian Albums Billboard 277 2Dutch Albums Album Top 100 278 82French Albums SNEP 279 160German Albums Offizielle Top 100 280 71Irish Albums IRMA 281 7Japanese Albums Oricon 282 34Mexican Albums AMPROFON 283 28New Zealand Albums RMNZ 284 3South Korean International Albums Gaon 285 25Swiss Albums Schweizer Hitparade 286 87UK Albums OCC 287 11US Billboard 200 288 32015 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2015 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 289 3Austrian Albums O3 Austria 290 47Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 291 33Belgian Albums Ultratop Wallonia 292 125Canadian Albums Billboard 293 1Croatian Foreign Albums HDU 294 6Dutch Albums Album Top 100 295 35French Albums SNEP 296 82German Albums Offizielle Top 100 297 56Hungarian Albums amp Compilations MAHASZ 298 69Irish Albums IRMA 299 7Japanese Albums Billboard Japan 300 15Japanese Albums Oricon 301 30Mexican Albums AMPROFON 259 20New Zealand Albums RMNZ 302 7South Korean International Albums Gaon 303 22Spanish Albums PROMUSICAE 304 56Swiss Albums Schweizer Hitparade 305 40UK Albums OCC 306 6US Billboard 200 307 12016 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2016 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 308 17Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 309 94Canadian Albums Billboard 310 17Japanese Albums Billboard Japan 311 39New Zealand Albums RMNZ 312 19South Korean International Albums Gaon 313 36UK Albums OCC 314 44US Billboard 200 315 172017 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2017 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 316 32Norwegian Albums VG lista 317 71South Korean International Albums Gaon 318 89US Billboard 200 319 1012018 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2018 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 320 36US Billboard 200 321 822019 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2019 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 322 46US Billboard 200 323 1162020 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2020 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 324 44Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 325 166UK Albums OCC 326 97US Billboard 200 327 105US Independent Albums Billboard 328 362021 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2021 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 329 27Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 330 102Irish Albums IRMA 331 30UK Albums OCC 332 59US Billboard 200 333 88US Independent Albums Billboard 334 102022 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2022 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 335 16Austrian Albums O3 Austria 336 75Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 337 57Canadian Albums Billboard 338 45Danish Albums Hitlisten 339 100Dutch Albums Album Top 100 340 90UK Albums OCC 341 33US Billboard 200 342 75US Independent Albums Billboard 343 82023 year end charts for 1989 Chart 2023 PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 344 9Austrian Albums O3 Austria 345 12Belgian Albums Ultratop Flanders 346 15Belgian Albums Ultratop Wallonia 347 132Canadian Albums Billboard 348 14Danish Albums Hitlisten 349 44Dutch Albums Album Top 100 350 21German Albums Offizielle Top 100 351 39Hungarian Albums MAHASZ 352 56Icelandic Albums Plotutidindi 353 80New Zealand Albums RMNZ 354 7Swedish Albums Sverigetopplistan 355 40Swiss Albums Schweizer Hitparade 356 4UK Albums OCC 357 12US Billboard 200 358 16US Independent Albums Billboard 359 2 Decade end charts 2010s decade end charts for 1989 Chart 2010s PositionAustralian Albums ARIA 360 8Canadian Albums Billboard 139 5UK Albums OCC 361 25US Billboard 200 362 2All time charts All time charts for 1989 Chart PositionIrish Female Albums IRMA note 8 36US Billboard 200 note 9 64US Billboard 200 Women note 10 5Certifications and salesCertifications for 1989 with pure sales where available Region Certification Certified units salesAustralia ARIA 133 11 Platinum 770 000 Austria IFPI Austria 134 3 Platinum 45 000 Belgium BEA 135 4 Platinum 120 000 Brazil Pro Musica Brasil 368 Platinum 40 000 Brazil Pro Musica Brasil 368 Digital sales Gold 20 000 Canada Music Canada 138 6 Platinum 542 000 note 11 Denmark IFPI Danmark 369 2 Platinum 40 000 France SNEP 370 Platinum 100 000 Germany BVMI 371 Platinum 200 000 Italy FIMI 372 Platinum 50 000 Japan RIAJ 142 Platinum 250 000 Mexico AMPROFON 373 3 Platinum Gold 210 000 Netherlands NVPI 374 Gold 20 000 New Zealand RMNZ 136 9 Platinum 135 000 Norway IFPI Norway 137 3 Platinum 60 000 Poland ZPAV 375 2 Platinum 40 000 Singapore RIAS 143 3 Platinum 30 000 Spain PROMUSICAE 376 Gold 20 000 Sweden GLF 377 Gold 20 000 Switzerland IFPI Switzerland 378 Gold 10 000 United Kingdom BPI 141 5 Platinum 1 127 000 note 12 United States RIAA 130 9 Platinum 6 472 000 note 13 Sales figures based on certification alone Shipments figures based on certification alone Sales streaming figures based on certification alone Release historyRelease dates and formats for 1989 Region Date Edition s Format s Label Ref Various October 27 2014 Standarddeluxe Digital download Big Machine 89 381 Canada Standard CDdigital download Big MachineUniversal 382 383 United States Big Machine 384 385 Canada Deluxe CD 90 United StatesGermany Standarddeluxe Universal 386 387 United Kingdom Virgin EMI 388 389 Australia October 28 2014 Standard CD Universal 390 Japan October 29 2014 Deluxe CD DVD 391 Canada December 9 2014 Standard Vinyl 392 United States Big Machine 393 United States December 15 2014 Standardkaraoke Digital download 394 Mainland China December 30 2014 Deluxe CD Universal 395 Canada March 3 2015 Deluxekaraoke Digital download Big Machine 396 United States April 14 2015 Standardkaraoke CD G DVD 397 Canada May 14 2015 Deluxekaraoke CD G 398 Various June 8 2017 Standarddeluxe Streaming note 14 399 See alsoList of Billboard 200 number one albums of 2014 List of Billboard 200 number one albums of 2015 List of UK Albums Chart number ones of the 2010s List of UK Album Downloads Chart number ones of the 2010s List of best selling albums in Australia List of best selling albums by year in the United States List of best selling albums in China List of best selling albums in the United States of the Nielsen SoundScan era List of best selling albums of the 2010s in the United Kingdom List of best selling albums of the 21st century List of best selling albums by women Lists of fastest selling albums List of albums which have spent the most weeks on the UK Albums ChartNotes Swift made 1989 available on free streaming platforms again in June 2017 1 Wilkinson used zany to describe Swift as a figure who emphasises the pop performance as one of hard work instead because she exposed its construction as one that does not come naturally 82 The record was later surpassed by Adele s 25 2015 127 128 Following Katy Perry s Teenage Dream 2010 191 After Janet Jackson her first album to have five US top 10 entries was Fearless 2008 192 Swift and West previously had a publicized adversary at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards where West interrupted Swift s acceptance speech for Best Female Video Their so called feud emerged again when West released his 2016 single Famous in which West incorporates a lyric referencing Swift West claimed that he had asked for Swift s approval which she objected to 205 Attributed to The Guardian s Ian Gormely 213 GQ s Jay Willis 215 and Vulture Sasha Geffen 216 Compiled by the Official Charts Company as of March 2019 363 Complied by Billboard for albums 1963 2015 364 365 Compiled by Billboard for albums 1963 2017 366 367 Canadian sales for 1989 as of January 2020 139 UK sales for 1989 as of October 2022 379 US sales for 1989 as of January 2024 380 1989 was made available on subscription free streaming platforms on June 8 2017 and had been available on subscription based platforms since its release References a b Taylor Swift Returns to Spotify on the Day Katy Perry s Album Comes Out BBC News June 9 2017 Archived from the original on June 9 2017 Retrieved June 9 2017 Caulfield Keith October 30 2012 Taylor Swift s Red Sells 1 21 Million Biggest Sales Week for an Album Since 2002 Billboard Archived from the original on February 1 2013 Retrieved February 4 2019 a b McNutt 2020 p 77 a b c d Light Alan December 5 2014 Billboard Woman of the Year Taylor Swift on Writing Her Own Rules Not Becoming a Cliche and the Hurdle of Going Pop Billboard Archived from the 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