Gurdaspur district
This article possibly contains original research. (June 2019) |
Gurdaspur district is a district in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, India. Gurdaspur is the district headquarters. It internationally borders Narowal District of Pakistani Punjab, and the districts of Amritsar, Pathankot, Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur. Two main rivers Beas and Ravi passes through the district. The Mughal emperor Akbar is said to have been enthroned in a garden near Kalanaur, a historically important town in the district.[1] The district is at the foothills of the Himalayas.
Gurdaspur district | |
|---|---|
Sujanpur Fort | |
Location in Punjab | |
| Coordinates: 31°55′N 75°15′E / 31.917°N 75.250°ECoordinates: 31°55′N 75°15′E / 31.917°N 75.250°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Punjab |
| Headquarters | Gurdaspur |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2,610 km2 (1,010 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[‡] | |
| • Total | 2,298,323 |
| • Density | 880/km2 (2,300/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Punjabi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle Code | PB 06,PB 18,PB 58,PB 85, PB 99 |
| Literacy | 79.95% |
| Website | gurdaspur |
As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Punjab (out of 22), after Ludhiana and Amritsar.[2] Batala, with 31% of the district's population, is its largest city.
History
Obv: Standing figure, probably of Vishvamitra, Kharoshthi legend, around: Mahadevasa Dharaghoshasa/Odumbarisa "Great Lord King Dharaghosha/Prince of Audumabara", across: Viçvamitra "Vishvamitra".
Rev: Trident battle-axe, tree with railing, Brahmi legend identical in content to the obverse.[3]
British Raj
During British Rule the district of Gurdaspur was a subdivision of Lahore Division, the district itself was administratively subdivided into four tehsils: Gurdaspur, Batala, Shakargarh and Pathankot. According to the 1881 census the population of the district was 823,695 this had risen by over 100,000 to 943,922 in the 1891 census. However the 1901 census recorded a fall in population – 940,334, this was largely due to emigration – some 44,000 settlers settling in Chenab colony. According to the 1901 census there were 463,371 Muslims (49%), 380,636 Hindus (over 40%) and 91,756 (10%) Sikhs. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad who founded the Ahmadiyya movement had followers here.[4]
During the partition of India in 1947 the future of Gurdaspur was highly contested. According to the 1941 census, the population of this district had a narrow 51.14% Muslim majority. Radcliffe Award of the boundary gave only the Shakargarh tehsil of the district to Pakistan, and the rest to India. The Muslim population of the eastern tehsils migrated to Pakistan as refugees, and the Hindus and Sikhs of Shakargarh migrated to Gurdaspur after crossing the Ravi Bridge. They settled and spread in the Gurdaspur district.
Inside India
On 27 July 2011 a part of district is carved out to form a new Pathankot district, which was earlier part of Gurdaspur. The Pathankot district comprises two sub-divisions of Pathankot and Dharkalan along with two sub-tehsils namely Narot Jaimal Singh and Bamial.
Geography
Location
The Gurdaspur district is in the north of Punjab state. It falls in the Jalandhar division and is sandwiched between rivers Ravi and Beas. The district lies between north-latitude 31°36' and 32°34' and east longitude 74°56' and 75°24' and shares common boundaries with Pathankot district in the north, Beas River in the north-east, Hoshiarpur district in the south-east, Kapurthala district in the south, Amritsar district in the south-west and Pakistan in the north-west.
Government and politics
Politics
| No. | Constituency | Name of MLA | Party | Bench | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | Gurdaspur | Barindermeet Singh Pahra | Indian National Congress | Opposition | |
| 5 | Dina Nagar (SC) | Aruna Chaudhary | Indian National Congress | Opposition | |
| 6 | Qadian | Partap Singh Bajwa | Indian National Congress | Opposition | |
| 7 | Batala | Amansher Singh (Shery Kalsi) | Aam Aadmi Party | Government | |
| 8 | Sri Hargobindpur (SC) | Amarpal Singh | Aam Aadmi Party | Government | |
| 9 | Fatehgarh Churian | Tripat Rajinder Singh Bajwa | Indian National Congress | Opposition | |
| 10 | Dera Baba Nanak | Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa | Indian National Congress | Opposition | |
Tehsil
|
Sub Tehsils (Total : 7)
| Sr. No. | Sub Tehsil Name |
|---|---|
| 1. | Kahnuwan |
| 2. | Sri Hargobindpur |
| 3. | Qadian |
| 4. | Fatehgarh Churian |
| 5. | Dhariwal |
| 6. | Naushera Majha Singh |
| 7. | Dorangla |
C.D. Blocks (Total : 11)
| Sr. No. | Block Name |
|---|---|
| 1. | Gurdaspur |
| 2. | Kalanaur |
| 3. | Dhariwal |
| 4. | Kahnuwan |
| 5. | Dinanagar |
| 6. | Batala |
| 7. | Fatehgarh Churian |
| 8. | Dera Baba Nanak |
| 9. | Sri Hargobindpur |
| 10. | Qadian |
| 11. | Dorangla |
Municipal Corporation (Nagar Nigam)
| Sr. No. | Corporation Name |
|---|---|
| 1. | Batala |
Municipal Councils
| Sr. No. | Municipal Name |
|---|---|
| 1. | Gurdaspur |
| 2. | Dhariwal |
| 3. | Dinanagar |
| 4. | Sri Hargobindpur |
| 5. | Dera Baba Nanak |
| 6. | Fatehgarh Churian |
| 7. | Qadian |
Villages
Demographics
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 702,372 | — |
| 1911 | 622,008 | −1.21% |
| 1921 | 634,394 | +0.20% |
| 1931 | 718,523 | +1.25% |
| 1941 | 854,968 | +1.75% |
| 1951 | 851,140 | −0.04% |
| 1961 | 980,868 | +1.43% |
| 1971 | 1,229,464 | +2.28% |
| 1981 | 1,513,435 | +2.10% |
| 1991 | 1,756,732 | +1.50% |
| 2001 | 2,103,455 | +1.82% |
| 2011 | 2,298,323 | +0.89% |
| source:[5] | ||
Population
According to the 2011 census Gurdaspur district has a population of 2,298,323,[2] roughly equal to the nation of Latvia[6] or the US state of New Mexico.[7] This gives it a ranking of 196th in India (out of a total of 640).[2] The district has a population density of 649 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,680/sq mi).[2] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 9.3%.[2] Gurdaspur has a sex ratio of 895 females for every 1000 males,[2] and a literacy rate of 79.95%.[2]
After the separation of the Pathankot tehsil into a separate district in 2011, the residual district has a population of 1,621,725 of which 1,260,572 were rural and 361,153 were urban. Scheduled Castes have a population of 373,544 (23.03%) of the population. Punjabi is the predominant language, spoken by 98.27% of the population.[8]
Religion
Sikhism is the largest religion in the residual district with 950,016 (58.58%), while Hinduism is the second-largest with 476,095 (29.36%). Christians are the third-largest community with 169,295 (10.44%), the highest share of Christians in the state, and Muslims 13,350 (0.82%).[9] Before Partition, undivided Gurdaspur district had a slight Muslim majority with a large Hindu minority and smaller Sikh and Christian populations. The area which now forms the current district had a Muslim majority and a large Sikh minority, with smaller Hindu and Christian populations.
| Religion | Population (1941)[11]: 61–62 | Percentage (1941) | Population (2011)[10] | Percentage (2011) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Islam | 380,775 | 53.72% | 13,350 | 0.82% |
| Sikhism | 193,108 | 27.24% | 950,016 | 58.58% |
| Hinduism | 90,412 | 12.75% | 476,095 | 29.36% |
| Christianity | 43,176 | 6.09% | 169,295 | 10.44% |
| Others [b] | 1,401 | 0.20% | 12,969 | 0.80% |
| Total Population | 708,872 | 100% | 1,621,725 | 100% |
Historical
Notable people
- Dev Anand - Indian actor
- Premchand Dogra - Bodybuilder, Mr. Universe, Mr. India
- Capt. Gurbachan Singh Salaria - Param Vir Chakra awardee, posthumous
- Chetan Anand - director
- Vijay Anand - director
- Vinod Khanna - Indian actor
- Shiv Kumar Batalvi - Punjabi writer
- Dilbagh Singh - Air Chief Marshal
- Dinesh Khanna - Badminton player
- Romesh Sharma - Indian Actor and producer
- Jasbir Jassi - Bhangra singer
- Lt. Navdeep Singh - Ashoka Chakra awardee, posthumous
- Guru Randhawa - Punjabi singer
- Preet Harpal - Punjabi singer and actor
- Ashwani Kumar - Former Union Minister
- Robert Masih Nahar - Spanish senator
- Shivil Kaushik - cricketer
- Teja Singh Akarpuri - Jathedar of Akal Takht
- Iqbal Bahu - Pakistani Sufi singer
- Ishfaq Ahmad - Pakistani nuclear physicist
- Alla Rakha - Tabla player
- Nek Chand Saini - Indian artist and creator of the Rock Garden of Chandigarh
- Gurpreet Ghuggi - actor and comedian-turned-politician
- Ranjit Bawa - Punjabi singer and actor
- Nimrat Khaira - Punjabi singer and actress
- Satinder Satti - anchor-singer
- Manpreet Gony - cricketer
- Varinder Singh Ghuman - bodybuilder
- Surjit Singh Randhawa - hockey player
- Principal Sujan Singh - Punjabi writer
- Teja Singh (singh sabha movement)
- Prabhjot Singh (Indian hockey player)
- Sobha Singh - painter
- Pratap Singh Bajwa - Rajya Sabha MP from Punjab
- Baba Jaimal Singh - Punjabi spiritual leader
- Mirza Nasir Ahmad (Khalifatul Massih III)
- Mirza Tahir Ahmad (Khalifatul Massih IV)
- Mirza Ghulam Ahmad - Founder of the Ahmaddiya movement
- Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad (Khalifatul Massih II)
- Ghulam Ahmed Pervez - Islamic scholar
- Mumtaz Mufti - Urdu writer
- Sunanda Sharma - Punjabi singer and actress
- Harnaaz Sandhu - Miss Universe 2021
- AP Dhillon - Singer/songwriter, music producer
References
- ^ . gurdaspur.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 August 2005. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
- ^ a b Ancient India, from the earliest times to the first century, A.D by Rapson, E. J. p.154 [1]
- ^ "Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 12, page 395 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library". dsal.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
- ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. . Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
Latvia 2,204,708 July 2011 est.
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
New Mexico – 2,059,179
- ^ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ "C-1 Population By Religious Community Data - Census 2011 - Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
- ^ a b "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ a b "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE". Retrieved 21 July 2022.
- ^ Singh, Kirpal (2005). "Memorandum Submitted to the Punjab Boundary Commission by the Indian National Congress". Select Documents on Partition of Punjab - 1947: India and Pakistan: Punjab, Haryana and Himachal-India and Punjab-Pakistan. Delhi: National Book Shop. p. 212. ISBN 9788171164455. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
- ^ Includes Gurdaspur and Batala tehsils, which are the tehsils which now cover the area of Gurdaspur district
- ^ a b Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated
- ^ 1941 census: Including Ad-Dharmis
External links
- Official website