Gu Yanwu (Chinese: 顧炎武) (July 15, 1613 – February 15, 1682), also known as Gu Tinglin (Chinese: 顧亭林), was a Chinese philologist, geographer, and famous scholar-official in Qing dynasty. He spent his youth during the Manchu conquest of China in anti-Manchu activities after the Ming dynasty had been overthrown. He never served the Qing dynasty. Instead, he traveled throughout the country and devoted himself to studies.
Gu, a native of Jiangsu, was born as Gu Jiang (simplified Chinese: 顾绛; traditional Chinese: 顧絳; pinyin: Gù Jiàng). Gu began his schooling at the age of 14. In the spring of 1645, Gu was recommended to be the position of Bingbu Siwu in the royal court at Nanjing. There he proposed many ideas. Unsatisfied with the royal court's organization, Gu resigned and returned to his hometown. In 1655, local officials laid charges against him and threw him into prison. He was released from prison with the help of a friend.
Inspired by Chen Di, who had demonstrated that the Old Chinese has its own phonological system, Gu divided the words of Old Chinese into 10 rhyme groups, the first one to do so. His positivist approach to a variety of disciplines, and his criticism of Neo-Confucianism had a huge influence on later scholars. His works include Yinxue Wushu (音學五書), Ri Zhi Lu (日知錄) and Zhao Yu Zhi (肇域志).
Along with Wang Fuzhi and Huang Zongxi, Gu was named as one of the most outstanding Confucian scholars of the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty.[1]
In 1682, while returning from a friend's home to Huaying, Gu fell from horseback and died the next day.[2]
Aphorismedit
"Everybody is responsible for the fate of the world" (Chinese: 天下興亡，匹夫有責; pinyin: tiān xià xīng wáng, pǐ fū yǒu zé)
Alternatively, The rise and fall of the nation concerns everyone; or Everyone bears responsibility for the prosperity of society.
The former residence of Gu Yanwu is located in Qiandeng town of Kunshan, a Ming dynasty complex with main hall, living quarter, a study and a garden. Gu Yanwu's grave is located in a quiet corner of the garden.
^顾炎武 [Gu Yanwu]. Guoxue (in Chinese). Beijing Culture Communication Company [北京国学时代文化传播]. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
^顾炎武：天下兴亡，匹夫有责_网易新闻中心 [Gu Yanwu: the rise and fall of every man's duty]. 163 (in Chinese). 2006-12-29. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
^ [Historic Tinglin Park]. News Kunshan (in Chinese). China Telecom. 2010-10-10. Archived from the original on 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
^ [Patriotism education bases in Jiangsu Province]. Xinhuanet. Xinhua. 2004-10-14. Archived from the original on October 22, 2014.
何九盈 [He Jiuying] (1995). 中囯古代语言学史 [A history of ancient Chinese linguistics] (in Chinese). Guangzhou: Guangdong jiaoyu chubanshe.
Further readingedit
Peterson, Willard J. (1968). "The Life of Ku Yen-wu (1613-1682)". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 28: 114–156. doi:10.2307/2718597. ISSN 0073-0548. JSTOR 2718597.
Peterson, Willard J. (1969). "The Life of Ku Yen-wu (1613-1682)". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 29: 201–247. doi:10.2307/2718835. ISSN 0073-0548. JSTOR 2718835.
Johnston, Ian (2015-01-31). "Gu Yanwu: Translations of Letters, Poems and Essays". Cordite Poetry Review. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
Ng, On Cho; Wang, Q. Edward (2005). Mirroring the Past: The Writing and Use of History in Imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 229–231. ISBN978-0-8248-2913-1
yanwu, this, chinese, name, family, name, chinese, 顧炎武, july, 1613, february, 1682, also, known, tinglin, chinese, 顧亭林, chinese, philologist, geographer, famous, scholar, official, qing, dynasty, spent, youth, during, manchu, conquest, china, anti, manchu, act. In this Chinese name the family name is Gu Gu Yanwu Chinese 顧炎武 July 15 1613 February 15 1682 also known as Gu Tinglin Chinese 顧亭林 was a Chinese philologist geographer and famous scholar official in Qing dynasty He spent his youth during the Manchu conquest of China in anti Manchu activities after the Ming dynasty had been overthrown He never served the Qing dynasty Instead he traveled throughout the country and devoted himself to studies Gu YanwuBornGu Jiang 顧绛 1613 07 15 15 July 1613Died15 February 1682 1682 02 15 aged 68 Other namesGu Zhongqing 顧忠清Gu Ningren 顧寧人Lord Tinglin 亭林先生OccupationStudent of the Guozijian 1643 Known forOne of the Five Great Qing scholars Huang Zongxi Fang Yizhi Wang Fuzhi Zhu Zhiyu SpouseLady ZhuParent s Gu Tongying father Lady He mother RelativesGreat grandfather Gu ZhangzhiNephew Xu Qianxue Xu Bingyi Xu YuanwenChinese nameTraditional Chinese顧炎武Simplified Chinese顾炎武TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGu YanwǔWade GilesKu4 Yen2 wu3IPA ku jɛ n u Yue CantoneseYale RomanizationGu Yihm mouhJyutpingGu3 Jim4 mou5IPA kuː jiːm mou Southern MinTai loKoo Iam bu Contents 1 Biography 2 Aphorism 3 Legacy 4 Former residence of Gu Yanwu 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksBiography edit nbsp Statue of Gu Yanwu in Tinglin Park KunshanGu a native of Jiangsu was born as Gu Jiang simplified Chinese 顾绛 traditional Chinese 顧絳 pinyin Gu Jiang Gu began his schooling at the age of 14 In the spring of 1645 Gu was recommended to be the position of Bingbu Siwu in the royal court at Nanjing There he proposed many ideas Unsatisfied with the royal court s organization Gu resigned and returned to his hometown In 1655 local officials laid charges against him and threw him into prison He was released from prison with the help of a friend Inspired by Chen Di who had demonstrated that the Old Chinese has its own phonological system Gu divided the words of Old Chinese into 10 rhyme groups the first one to do so His positivist approach to a variety of disciplines and his criticism of Neo Confucianism had a huge influence on later scholars His works include Yinxue Wushu 音學五書 Ri Zhi Lu 日知錄 and Zhao Yu Zhi 肇域志 Along with Wang Fuzhi and Huang Zongxi Gu was named as one of the most outstanding Confucian scholars of the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty 1 In 1682 while returning from a friend s home to Huaying Gu fell from horseback and died the next day 2 Aphorism edit Everybody is responsible for the fate of the world Chinese 天下興亡 匹夫有責 pinyin tian xia xing wang pǐ fu yǒu ze Alternatively The rise and fall of the nation concerns everyone or Everyone bears responsibility for the prosperity of society Legacy editGu is commemorated by Tinglin Park 3 and the Gu Yanwu Museum in Tinglin Park of Kunshan In 2005 the Central Propaganda Department of China named the Gu Yanwu Museum located at Gu s former residence in Qiandeng town as a national patriotism education base 4 Former residence of Gu Yanwu editThe former residence of Gu Yanwu is located in Qiandeng town of Kunshan a Ming dynasty complex with main hall living quarter a study and a garden Gu Yanwu s grave is located in a quiet corner of the garden nbsp Former residence of Gu Yanwu in Qiandeng town of Kunshan city nbsp Grave of Gu YanwuSee also editHistory of Chinese archaeologyReferences edit 顾炎武 Gu Yanwu Guoxue in Chinese Beijing Culture Communication Company 北京国学时代文化传播 Retrieved 2011 10 10 顾炎武 天下兴亡 匹夫有责 网易新闻中心 Gu Yanwu the rise and fall of every man s duty 163 in Chinese 2006 12 29 Retrieved 2011 10 10 历史悠久的亭林公园 Historic Tinglin Park News Kunshan in Chinese China Telecom 2010 10 10 Archived from the original on 2012 04 25 Retrieved 2011 10 26 江苏省爱国主义教育示范基地 Patriotism education bases in Jiangsu Province Xinhuanet Xinhua 2004 10 14 Archived from the original on October 22 2014 何九盈 He Jiuying 1995 中囯古代语言学史 A history of ancient Chinese linguistics in Chinese Guangzhou Guangdong jiaoyu chubanshe Further reading editPeterson Willard J 1968 The Life of Ku Yen wu 1613 1682 Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 28 114 156 doi 10 2307 2718597 ISSN 0073 0548 JSTOR 2718597 Peterson Willard J 1969 The Life of Ku Yen wu 1613 1682 Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 29 201 247 doi 10 2307 2718835 ISSN 0073 0548 JSTOR 2718835 Johnston Ian 2015 01 31 Gu Yanwu Translations of Letters Poems and Essays Cordite Poetry Review Retrieved 2017 03 31 Ng On Cho Wang Q Edward 2005 Mirroring the Past The Writing and Use of History in Imperial China Honolulu University of Hawaii Press pp 229 231 ISBN 978 0 8248 2913 1 Hummel Arthur W Sr ed 1943 Ku Yen wu Eminent Chinese of the Ch ing Period United States Government Printing Office External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gu Yanwu Works by Yanwu Gu at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Gu Yanwu at Internet Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gu Yanwu amp oldid 1197304904, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
