Entebbe International Airport

Entebbe International Airport (IATA: EBB, ICAO: HUEN) is the only international airport in Uganda. It is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of the town of Entebbe, on the northern shores of Lake Victoria.^[5] This is approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) by road south-west of the central business district of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda.^[6]

Entebbe International Airport Uwanja wa Ndege wa Kimataifa wa Entebbe (Swahili)
IATA: EBB ICAO: HUEN
Summary
Airport type	Public / Military
Operator	Republic of Uganda
Serves	Entebbe, Kampala, Mukono
Location	Entebbe, Uganda
Hub for	Eagle Air Uganda Airlines
Built	1972–1973 (main terminal building)^[1]
Elevation AMSL	3,782 ft / 1,153 m
Coordinates	00°02′41″N 032°26′35″E / 0.04472°N 32.44306°E / 0.04472; 32.44306Coordinates: 00°02′41″N 032°26′35″E / 0.04472°N 32.44306°E / 0.04472; 32.44306
Website	Website
Map
EBB Location of airport in Uganda
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 17/35 3,658 12,000 Asphalt 12/30 2,408 7,900 Asphalt
Statistics (2014/15)
Passengers 1,510,000 Aircraft movements 26,886 Cargo (tonnes) 52,841
Source: DAFIF,^[2]^[3] UCAA ^[4]

The headquarters of the Civil Aviation Authority of Uganda have been relocated to a new block off the airport highway (Entebbe–Kampala Expressway and Tunnel Road), but adjacent to the airport terminals.^[7]

History

 

A Handley Page H.P.42 of Imperial Airways at Entebbe, 1936

The airport was opened by the British Colonial authorities. On 10 November 1951, the airport was formally reopened after its facilities had been extended. Runway 12/30 was now 9,900 feet (3,000 m), in preparation for services by the de Havilland Comet.^[8] The new main terminal building of the airport was designed by Yugoslav Montenegrin architect Aleksandar Keković and built by Energoprojekt holding in 1972-1973 period.^[1]

The Old Entebbe airport is used by Uganda's military forces. It was the scene of a hostage rescue operation by Israeli Sayeret Matkal, dubbed Operation Entebbe, in 1976 after an Arab-German hijacking of Air France Flight 139 following a stopover in Athens, Greece, en route to Paris from Tel Aviv. The scene of that rescue was the old terminal, which has been demolished, except for its control tower and airport hall. According to a 2006 published report, plans were made to construct a domestic passenger terminal at the site of the old airport.^[9] The airport was partially destroyed in April 1979 when it was captured by Tanzanian forces during the Uganda–Tanzania War.^[10]

According to ThePrint in November 2021, reports in African media suggest that China could take over the airport over the default of a loan, which was denied by China's foreign ministry and Government of Uganda.^[11] Bloomberg News reported that the Ugandan government is seeking to amend a $200m loan agreement it signed with the Export-Import Bank of China in 2015, to ensure it doesn't lose control of the airport, citing a report from the Daily Monitor, an independent Ugandan daily newspaper.^[12] On December 1, 2021, the Attorney General of Uganda stated they had seen the story regarding the airport in media and that it was reportedly fake news.^[13]

Modernization plans: 2015–2033

In February 2015, the Government of South Korea, through the Korea International Cooperation Agency, gave the Government of Uganda (GOU) a grant of USh 27 billion towards modernization of the airport.^[14] In the same month, the GOU began a three phase upgrade and expansion of the airport to last from 2015 until 2035.^[15][16][17] The entire renovation budget is approximately US$586 million.^[18]

Phase I – 2015 to 2018

• Estimated cost of US$200 million, borrowed from Exim Bank of China.
• Relocation and expansion of the cargo terminal.
• Construction of new passenger terminal building.
• Modernizing and improving existing passenger terminal building.^[18][19]
   

  Entebbe Airport in 1994
   

  Entebbe Airport in 2009
• Renovation and rehabilitation of "Runway 12/30" (the old runway), is expected to conclude in February 2019.^[20]

In March 2022, online and print media reported that the Chinese-built cargo center, capable of handling 100,000 metric tonnes of cargo, had begun commercial operations. This had replaced the old cargo facility with capacity of 50,000 metric tonnes, originally converted from an old aircraft hangar.^[21][22]

Phase II – 2019 to 2023

• Estimated cost of US$125 million, not yet sourced.
• Expected delays due to Covid-19 pandemic.
• Relocation and expansion of fuel storage facilities.^[18]

Phase III – After 2024

• Estimated cost of US$160.5 million, not yet sourced.
• Building new multi-story car park.
• Construction of new control tower
• Strengthen and reseal current runways.^[18][23]

Expansion of departure and arrival lounges

In April 2016, Minister of Works John Byabagambi launched a USh 42.6 billion (US$11.4 million) project to expand the departure and arrival lounges. The work will be carried out by Seyani Brothers Limited and will be fully funded by the Civil Aviation Authority of Uganda. Construction is scheduled to commence on 1 June 2016 with completion expected in December 2017. This work is separate from the large expansion partially funded by the government of South Korea and People's Republic of China.^[24]

Facilities

Passenger facilities include a left-luggage office, banks, automated teller machines, foreign exchange bureaux, restaurants, and duty-free shops.^[25]

•  

  The Old Tower

•  

  The old terminal building of the Entebbe International Airport as seen from the air

•  

  Aerial photo of the city of Entebbe and the Entebbe International Airport at sunset

•  

  Remains of 1976 raid

•  

  Close up of the control tower

•  

  Old terminal building as seen from the front

•  

  The old terminal building as it appeared in 2009

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations
Aerolink Uganda	Bugungu, Chobe, Kasese, Kidepo, Kihihi, Kisoro, Kisumu, Masai Mara, Mweya, Pakuba, Semliki^[26]
Air Arabia	Sharjah^[27]
Air Tanzania	Dar es Salaam, Kilimanjaro^[28]
Airlink	Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo^[29]
Auric Air	Seronera
Brussels Airlines	Brussels^1
Eagle Air	Arua, Yei Charter: Apoka, Ishasha, Kasese, Kisoro, Mweya, Pakuba, Semliki, Soroti
EgyptAir	Cairo
Emirates	Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlines	Addis Ababa, Juba
flydubai	Dubai–International
Fly-SAX	Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
Jambojet	Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta^[30]
Kenya Airways	Bangui,^[31] Kigali, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
KLM	Amsterdam^2
Precision Air	Dar es Salaam^[32]
Qatar Airways	Doha^[33]
RwandAir	Juba,^[34] Kigali, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta^[35]
Saudia	Riyadh^[36]
Tarco Aviation	Juba, Khartoum^[37]
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul^[38]^3
Uganda Airlines	Bujumbura,^[39] Dar es Salaam,^[39] Dubai–International,^[40] Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo,^[41] Juba, Kilimanjaro,^[39] Kinshasa–N'djili,^[42] Mogadishu,^[39] Mombasa, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta,^[39] Zanzibar^[43]

Notes:

^1 : Brussels Airlines' inbound flights from Brussels to Entebbe make a stop in Kigali or Bujumbura.^[44] However, the airline does not have traffic rights to transport passengers solely between Kigali or Bujumbura and Entebbe.

^2 : In addition to nonstop flights, some of KLM's inbound flights from Amsterdam to Entebbe make a stop in Kigali. However, the airline does not have traffic rights to transport passengers solely between Kigali and Entebbe.

^3 : Turkish Airlines' inbound flights from Istanbul to Entebbe make a stop in Kigali. However, the airline does not have traffic rights to transport passengers solely between Kigali and Entebbe.

Airlines offering specialized passenger service to non-stop destinations

Airlines	Destinations
United Nations Humanitarian Air Service	Bunia, Goma, Juba,^[45] Kisangani,^[46] Lubumbashi

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
Astral Aviation	Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
BidAir Cargo	Johannesburg—O. R. Tambo
EgyptAir Cargo	Cairo, Sharjah^[47]
Emirates SkyCargo	Dubai–Al Maktoum^[48]
Ethiopian Airlines	Addis Ababa^[49]
Etihad Cargo	Abu Dhabi^[50]
Qatar Airways Cargo	Brussels,^[51] Doha,^[51] Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta^[51]
Stabo Air	Johannesburg—O. R. Tambo, Liège^[52]
Uganda Air Cargo	Dubai–International, Frankfurt, Johannesburg-OR Tambo
Chapman Freeborn^[53]	Johannesburg-OR Tambo, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Ostend/Bruges
Turkish Cargo	Istanbul, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
United Nations Humanitarian Air Service	Rome–Fiumicino

Ground handling

As of August 2020^[update], there were three ground-handling companies serving this airport:

• National Aviation Services Uganda (NAS Uganda), the largest of the three.^[54]
• DAS Handling Limited (Dairo Air Services Handling Limited) has acquired ACC3/RA3 European Union ground handling certification.^[55]
• Fresh Handling Limited, which handles exports of cut flowers, and agricultural products.^[56]

As of January 2020, Uganda Airlines was making arrangements to establish self ground handling services at EBB, later that year.^[57]

Passenger traffic

Annual passenger traffic at EBB airport. See Wikidata query.

Since 2002, international passenger traffic at the airport has increased annually, except for 2009 when the Great Recession caused a small decline and 2014.^[58][59]

Year	Passengers	Difference
1991	118,527^[59]
1992	130,704^[59]	+10.3%^[59]
1993	148,502^[59]	+13.6%^[59]
1994	191,706^[59]	+29.1%^[59]
1995	254,335^[59]	+32.7%^[59]
1996	296,778^[59]	+16.7%^[59]
1997	326,265^[59]	+9.9%^[59]
1998	334,681^[59]	+2.6%^[59]
1999	344,686^[59]	+3.0%^[59]
2000	343,846^[59]	-0.2%^[59]
2001	343,722^[59]	0.0%^[59]
2002	362,075^[59]	+5.3%^[59]
2003	416,697^[59]	+15.1%^[59]
2004	475,726^[59]	+14.2%^[59]
2005	551,853^[59]	+16.0%^[59]
2006	643,330^[59]	+16.6%^[59]
2007	781,428^[58]^[59]	+21.5%^[59]
2008	936,184^[58]^[59]	+19.8%^[59]
2009	929,052^[59]	–0.8%^[58]^[59]
2010	1,023,437^[59]^[60]	+10.2%^[59]
2011	1,085,609^[59]	+6.1%^[59]
2012	1,238,536^[59]	+14.1%^[59]
2013	1,343,963^[59]	+8.5%^[59]
2014	1,332,499^[59]	-0.9%^[59]
2015	1,390,000^[61]	+4.3^[61]
2016	1,420,000^[61]	+2.2%^[61]
2017	1,650,000^[62]	+16.2%^[62]
2018	1,840,264^[62]	+11.5%^[62]
2019	1,980,000^[63]	+7.6%^[63]

Controversies

Several Ugandan local and international media reports claimed that Uganda would lose the grip on Entebbe International Airport to China for failing to repay the loan it borrowed from China.^[64][65] However, Ugandan officials denied allegations regarding China might take control of the airport.^[66][67] Exim Bank of China had imposed strict and aggressive repayment terms on a US$ 200 million loan to expand the only international airport of Uganda.^[68]

On 14 April 2021, the Sri Lankan Airlines in its official Twitter handle claimed that Sri Lankan cargo had made history by operating three successive cargo charter flights to Entebbe International Airport which is Uganda's only international airport uplifting over 102 metric tonnes of printed papers in February 2021.^[69] The information on whether what kind of printed papers were not revealed by Sri Lankan Airlines due to confidential reasons. However, the cargo carrier deleted the tweet for unknown reasons and it created doubts about the transparency of Sri Lankan Airlines and speculations arose about the transfer of "printed papers" cargo charter flights which departed to Uganda in February 2021.^[70] Sri Lankan Airlines later issued a statement clarifying that the printed material which was deported to Uganda included only the Ugandan currency notes and it further revealed that due to security reasons with bordering Kenya, Ugandan government preferred to obtain printed Ugandan shilling currency notes from a global security printer.^[71][72] The Biyagama branch of the De La Rue company is responsible for printing currency notes to countries including Uganda.^[73] Sri Lankan Airlines insisted that the consignment was purely commercial in nature and brought much needed foreign revenue to the airlines as well as for Sri Lanka.^[74]

Incidents

• In 1976, Air France Flight 139 from Tel Aviv to Paris via Athens (where the hijackers boarded) was hijacked and taken to Entebbe, and Israeli commandos rescued the hostages in Operation Entebbe.
• On 9 March 2009, Aerolift Ilyushin Il-76 S9-SAB crashed into Lake Victoria just after takeoff from Entebbe airport. Two of the engines caught fire on take-off and the resulting crash resulted in the deaths of all 11 people onboard. The aircraft had been chartered by Dynacorp on behalf of the African Union Mission to Somalia. The accident was investigated by Uganda's Ministry of Transport, which concluded that all four engines were time-expired and that Aerolift's claim that maintenance had been performed to extend their service life or that the work had been certified could not be substantiated.^[75]

See also

• List of airports in Uganda

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External links

  Media related to Entebbe International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

• Website of The Uganda Civil Aviation Authority
• Seychelles' Alain St.Ange captures Uganda Civil Aviation Conference As of 7 December 2018.
• Overview of Uganda's Aviation Sector 2011 – 2016
• Entebbe Airport Expansion: Passenger Terminal Reaches 13%, Cargo Terminal at 24% As of 17 August 2017.
• Entebbe International Airport targeting regional status – CAA 11 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine As of 13 April 2017.
• Entebbe International Airport 19 April 2020.
• Aeronautical chart and airport information for HUEN at SkyVector
• Current weather for HUEN at NOAA/NWS
• Accident history for EBB at Aviation Safety Network