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Bible translations into Coptic

May 03, 2024

This article contains Coptic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Coptic letters.

There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in five of the dialects of Coptic: Bohairic (northern), Fayyumic, Sahidic (southern), Akhmimic and Mesokemic (middle). Biblical books were translated from the Alexandrian Greek version.

The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre-Islamic period, after the 11th century Bohairic became dominant and the only used dialect of the Coptic language.

Partial copies of a number of Coptic Bibles survive. A considerable number of apocryphal texts also survive in Coptic, most notably the Gnostic Nag Hammadi library. Coptic remains the liturgical language of the Coptic Church and Coptic editions of the Bible are central to that faith.

Old Testament edit

 
Job and his daughter from folio 4v of Biblioteca Vittorio Emanuele III, MS I B 18.

Translators of books of the Old Testament into Egyptian dialects were naturally made from the Alexandrian Greek version (Septuagint), and there is no reason to doubt that they were translated at as early a date as the Gospels and Epistles, if not indeed before them. Portions of the Old Testament exist in each Egyptian dialect.[1]

In Sahidic, some Biblical books survived with complete text, as well as a large number of extant fragments representing most of the canonical books and certain of the deutero-canonical (the two Wisdoms, the Epistle of Jeremiah, and the Greek additions to Daniel).

 
The Mudil Psalter, the oldest complete psalter in the Coptic language (Coptic Museum, Egypt, Coptic Cairo).

Some early manuscripts:

  • Bodmer III – John 1:1–21:25, Genesis 1:1–4:2; 4th century; Bohairic
  • Bodmer VI – Proverbs 1:1–21:4; 4th/5th century; Paleo-Theban ("Dialect P")
  • Bodmer XVI – Exodus 1:1–15:21; 4th century;
  • Bodmer XVIII – Deuteronomy 1:1–10:7; 4th century;
  • Bodmer XXI – Joshua 6:16–25; 7:6–11:23; 22:1–2; 22:19–23:7; 23:15–24:2; 4th century;
  • Bodmer XXII – Jeremiah 40:3–52:34; Lamentations; Epistle of Jeremiah; Book of Baruch; 4th/5th century;
  • Bodmer XXIII – Isaiah 47:1–66:24; 4th century;
  • Bodmer XL – Song of Songs
  • Bodmer XLIV – Book of Daniel; Bohairic.[2]
  • Schøyen Ms 114 – Psalms; Sahidic; c. 400.

New Testament edit

 
8th century Coptic manuscript of Luke 5:5–9
 
John 1:1–4

The two main dialects, Sahidic and Bohairic, are the most important for the study of early versions of the New Testament. The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre-Islamic period. The earliest Bohairic manuscripts date to the 4th century, but most texts come from the 9th century and later.

Sahidic edit

The collection of manuscripts of Sahidic translations is often designated by copsa in academic writing and critical apparatus ("Sa" for "versio Sahidica" in BHS). The first translation into the Sahidic dialect was made at the end of the 2nd century in Upper Egypt, where Greek was less well understood. So the Sahidic is famous for being the first major literary development of the Coptic language, though literary work in the other dialects soon followed. By the ninth century, Sahidic was gradually replaced by neighbouring Bohairic, and disappeared. Knowledge of the Sahidic manuscripts was lost until they were rediscovered in the 18th century. In 1778 Woide issued a prospectus in which he announced his intention of publishing from Oxford manuscripts the fragments of the New Testament "iuxta interpretationem dialecti Superioris Aegypti, quae Thebaidica seu Sahidica appellantur".[3] Another fragments were published in 1884 by Émile Amélineau.[4] Amélineau also edited other fragments in 1886–1888.[5]

Several years later Horner produced a critical edition of the Sahidic New Testament over the period 1911–1924.[6] Horner's edition containing almost every verse of the entire New Testament. The Sahidic translation is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type.

The order of books: Gospels (John, Matthew, Mark, Luke), Pauline epistles (Hebrews between 2 Corinthians and Galatians), Catholic epistles, Acts, Apocalypse.[7]

Omitted verses:

Omitted or not included phrases:

Textual variants edit

In Luke 4:17 it has textual variant "and opened the book" together with the Greek manuscripts A, B, L, W, Ξ, 33, 892, 1195, 1241, ℓ 547, syrs, h, pal, copbo, against variant "and unrolled the book" supported by א, Dc, K, Δ, Θ, Π, Ψ, f1, f13, 28, 565, 700, 1009, 1010 and many other manuscripts.[10][11]

In Luke 16:19 the version reads: "There was a rich man, with the name N[in]eue, who clothed himself".[12] This reading has also Greek manuscript Papyrus 75 and two Greek minuscule manuscripts 36 and 37, have a scholion of uncertain date ευρον δε τινες και του πλουσιου εν τισιν αντιγραφοις τουνομα Νινευης λεγομενον.[13]

In John 10,7 it reads ο ποιμην (shepherd) for η θυρα (door). The reading is supported by 𝔓75 and copac.[14]

In Acts 27:37 it reads "seventy six" (as Codex Vaticanus) for "two hundred seventy six".[15]

In 1 Corinthians 15:47 it reads δευτερος for δευτερος ανθρωπος (as copbo).[16]

Some manuscripts edit

Some of the more notable manuscripts of the Sahidic are the following.

  • The Crosby-Schøyen Codex is a papyrus manuscript of 52 leaves (12x12 cm). It contains the complete text of Book of Jonah and 1 Peter (2 Maccabees 5:27–8:41, Melito of Sardis, Peri Pascha 47–105, unidentified Homily). It is dated to the 3rd or 4th centuries and is held at the University of Mississippi.[17]
  • British Library MS. Oriental 7594 contains an unusual combination of books: Deuteronomy, Jonah, and Acts. It is dated paleographically to the late 3rd or early 4th century.[18]
  • Michigan MS. Inv 3992, a papyrus codex, has 42 folios (14 by 15 cm). It contains 1 Corinthians, Titus, and the Book of Psalms. It is dated to the 4th century.
  • Berlin MS. Or. 408 and British Museum Or. 3518, being parts of the same original document. The Berlin portion contains the Book of Revelation, 1 John, and Philemon (in this order). It is dated to the 4th century.
  • Bodmer XIX – Matthew 14:28–28:20; Romans 1:1–2:3; 4th or 5th century.
  • Bodmer XLII – 2 Corinthians; dialect unknown; Wolf-Peter Funk suggest Sahidic;[19]

Bohairic edit

 
Uncial 0177 with the text of Luke 1:59–73

The Bohairic (dialect of Lower Egypt) translation was made a little later, as the Greek language was more influential in lower (northern) Egypt. Probably, it was made in the beginning of the 3rd century. It was a very literal translation; many Greek words, and even some grammatical forms (e.g. syntactic construction μεν – δε) were incorporated to this translation. For this reason, the Bohairic translation is more helpful in the reconstruction of the early Greek text than any other ancient translation.

The Bohairic translation was influenced by several variables, including the other dialects, primarily Sahidic and Fayyumic.[citation needed] When the patriarchate moved from Alexandria to Cairo in the 11th century, Bohairic was the dominant language of the Coptic church. As the official dialect of the Coptic Orthodox Church, Bohairic seems to enjoy a strong relationship with mainly the other dialects, Egyptian Arabic and—as it was for several centuries—Greek. The text is mainly Alexandrian, somewhat influenced by the Western text-type. The Bohairic translation is designated by copbo.

The order of books: Gospels (John, Matthew, Mark, Luke), Pauline epistles (Hebrews between 2 Thess and 1 Tim), Catholic epistles, Acts, and Apocalypse.[20] The Apocalypse is preserved in relatively few manuscripts.[21]

Omitted verses: Matthew 17:21 (some mss); 18:11 (mss); 23:14 (mss); Mark 9:44.46; 11:26 (mss); 15:28 (mss); Luke 17:36; 22:43–44; John 5:4 (mss); 7:53–8:11 (mss); Acts 8:37; 15:34 (mss); 24:7; 28:29; Romans 16:24.

It contains Matthew 12:47; Some manuscripts of the Bohairic version contains verses: 17: 21; 18:11; 23:14; Mark 11:26; 15:28; John 5:4; 7:53–8:11; Acts 15:34;

In Acts 27:37 it reads "one hundred seventy six" for "two hundred seventy six".[15]

Some manuscripts edit

The original {Old} Bohairic version is well represented by manuscripts. More than a hundred of manuscripts have survived. All have the last twelve verses of Mark.

  • The earliest surviving manuscript of the four Gospels is dated AD 889. It is not complete.
  • Papyrus Bodmer III is the oldest manuscript of the Bohairic version.[22] It was discovered by John M. Bodmer of Geneva in Upper Egypt. It contains the Gospel of John, dated palaeographically to the 4th century. It contains 239 pages, but the first 22 are damaged.
  • Huntington MS 17, bilingual Bohairic-Arabic, dated to 1174, the oldest manuscript with complete text of the four Gospels in Bohairic.
  • Huntington MS 20, bilingual Bohairic-Greek, with complete text of the four Gospels.
  • Oriental MS 424, bilingual Bohairic-Arabic, dated to 1308, with complete text of the Pauline epistles, Catholic epistles, and the Acts.
  • Codex Marshall Or. 5.

The Bohairic version was employed by Mill for his edition of 1707. It was first published in 1716 by Wilkins, who edited "Novum Testamentum Aegyptium vulgo Copticum". His edition was accompanied with a Latin translation.[23] Horner produced a critical edition of the Bohairic New Testament in 1898–1905.[24] Horner used more than fifty Bohairic manuscripts preserved in that time in the libraries of Europe.[20]

Middle Egypt edit

 
Codex Glazier, manuscript of Acts

The only surviving witnesses of an Akhmimic, and an Fayyumic Versions are in a fragmentary pieces (designated by copakh, and copfay).

  • The Schøyen Codex, a papyrus manuscript. It contains Gospel of Matthew. Dated to the early 4th century. It is the earliest Matthew in any Coptic dialect.[25]
  • Codex Glazier, contains Acts 1:1–15:3, housed at the Pierpont Morgan Library.[26]
  • P. Mich. inv. 3521, Gospel of John in Fayyumic, ca. AD 325.

Textual features edit

Mark 8:15

In 1 John 5:6 two versions, Sahidic and Bohairic, have textual variant "through water and blood and spirit" supported by the manuscripts: Codex Sinaiticus, Codex Alexandrinus, 104, 424c, 614, 1739c, 2412, 2495, ℓ 598m, syrh, Origen.[27][n 1] Bart D. Ehrman identified this reading as Orthodox corrupt reading.[28]

Greek-Coptic diglot manuscripts edit

More than forty Greek-Coptic diglot manuscripts of the New Testament have survived to the present day.

Lectionaries 1993 and 1605 are trilingual manuscripts:

  • Lectionary 1993 – Coptic, Greek, and Arabic
  • Lectionary 1605 – Greek, Coptic, and Arabico

See also edit

Coptic manuscripts edit

Other versions edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ For another variants of this verse see: Textual variants in the First Epistle of John.

References edit

  1. ^ Swete, Henry Barclay (1902). An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek. Cambridge: Macmillan and Co. p. 106.
  2. ^ The Anchor Bible Dictionary (Doubleday 1992) Volume 1, 766–767
  3. ^ Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament. Vol. 1 (4 ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. pp. 127–128.
  4. ^ E. C. Amélineau, Fragments coptes du Nouveau Testament dans le dialecte thébain, Recueil de travaux relatifs à la philologie, V (1884), pp. 105–139.
  5. ^ ZÄS XXIV (1886), 41–56, 103–114; XXV (1887), 42–57, 100–110, 125–135; XXVI (1888), 96–105.
  6. ^ George Horner, The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Southern Dialect, otherwise called Sahidic and Thebaic, 7 vols., (1911–1924; repr. Osnabrück: 1969).
  7. ^ Eberhard Nestle, Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament, Oxford 1901, p. 135.
  8. ^ Eberhard Nestle, Erwin Nestle, Barbara Aland and Kurt Aland (eds), Novum Testamentum Graece, 26th edition, (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1991), 41.
  9. ^ The Greek New Testament, ed. K. Aland, A. Black, C. M. Martini, B. M. Metzger, and A. Wikgren, in cooperation with INTF, United Bible Societies, 3rd edition, (Stuttgart 1983), p. 256.
  10. ^ Bruce M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament (Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft: Stuttgart 2001), p. 114.
  11. ^ NA26, p. 164.
  12. ^ Philip W. Comfort & David P. Barrett, The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts (Tyndale House Publishers: Wheaton 2001), p. 551.
  13. ^ Bruce M. Metzger, The Early Versions of the New Testament: Their Origin, Transmission and Limitations, Clarendon Press: Oxford 1977, p. 136.
  14. ^ NA26, p. 282
  15. ^ a b UBS3, p. 524.
  16. ^ UBS3, p. 616.
  17. ^ William H. Willis, "The New Collections of Papyri at the University of Mississippi", Proceedings of the IX International Congress of Papyrology, (Oslo, 1961), pp. 382–289.
  18. ^ Herbert Thompson, The New Biblical Texts in the Dialect of Upper Egypt, (London, 1912).
  19. ^ James M. Robinson, The Pachomian Monastic Library at the Chester Beatty Library and the Bibliothèque Bodmer, in: Manuscripts of the Middle East 5 (1990–1991), p. 40.
  20. ^ a b Eberhard Nestle, Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament, Oxford 1901, p. 134.
  21. ^ Bruce M. Metzger, The Early Versions of the New Testament, Oxford University Press, 1977, p. 123.
  22. ^ R. Kasser, Papyrus Bodmer III. Evangile de Jean et Genese I–IV, 2 en bohairique, (CSCO clxxvii, Scriptores coptici, XXV; Louvain, 1958).
  23. ^ Eberhard Nestle, Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament, Oxford 1901, pp. 133–134.
  24. ^ George Horner, The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Northern Dialect, otherwise called Memphitic and Bohairic, 4 vols. (1898–1905; repr. Osnabrück: 1969).
  25. ^ "1.3 Coptic Bible – The Schoyen Collection". Retrieved 2018-03-14.
  26. ^ Hans-Martin Schenke, Apostelgeschichte 1, 1–15, 3 Im Mittelaegyptischen Dialekt des Koptischen (Codex Glazier), TU 137, Berlin: Akademie Verlag 1991
  27. ^ UBS3, p. 823.
  28. ^ Bart D. Ehrman, The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1993, p. 60.

Further reading edit

  • Kurt Aland, and Barbara Aland, The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism, 1995, Grand Rapids, Michigan.
  • Augustini Ciasca, Sacrorum Bibliorum Fragmenta Copto-Sahidica Romae 1885.
  • W. E. Crum (1905). Catalogue of the Coptic manuscripts in the British Museum. London: British Museum.
  • Alla Ivanovna Elanskai︠a︡, The Literary Coptic manuscripts in the A.S. Pushkin State Fine Arts Museum in Moscow, BRILL, 1994, pp. 397–472.
  • Bruce M. Metzger, The Early Versions of the New Testament, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1977, pp. 99–152.
  • Bruce M. Metzger, Bart D. Ehrman, The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration, Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 110–115.
  • "Translations" The Oxford Companion to the Bible.
  • Franz-Jürgen Schmitz, Gerd Mink, Liste der Koptischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments. I, Die sahidischen Handschriften der Evangelien (Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1991), vol. 1, part 1.
  • Franz-Jürgen Schmitz, Gerd Mink, Liste der koptischen Handschriften des neuen Testaments, Walter de Gruyter, 1991, vol. 1, part 2, (pp. 1279) ISBN 978-3-11-013015-7
  • Frederic Wisse, The Coptic Versions of the New Testament, in. The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary Research, ed. Bart D. Ehrman and Michael W. Holmes, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids 1995, pp. 131–141.
  • Henri Munier, Manuscrits coptes 1916.
  • Sir Herbert Thompson (1908). The Coptic (Sahidic) version of certain Books of the Old Testament: from a papyrus in the British Museum. Oxford University Press.
  • Sir Herbert Thompson (1913). The new biblical papyrus, a Sahidic version of Deuteronomy, Jonah, and Acts of the Apostles from MS.Or. 7594 of the British Museum: notes and a collation.
  • Wolfgang Kosack, Novum Testamentum Coptice. Neues Testament, Bohairisch, ediert von Wolfgang Kosack. Novum Testamentum, Bohairice, curavit Wolfgang Kosack. / Wolfgang Kosack. neue Ausgabe, Christoph Brunner, Basel 2014. ISBN 978-3-906206-04-2.

External links edit

Online Coptic Version of The New Testament
  • Horner: The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Northern Dialect, otherwise called Memphitic and Bohairic.
    Vol. 1 Ⲙⲁⲧⲑⲉⲟⲥ, Ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲥ/ Vol. 2 Ⲗⲟⲩⲕⲁⲥ, Ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ (1898), Vol. 3 Ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ/ Vol. 4 Ⲕⲁⲑⲟⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲗⲏ, Ⲡⲣⲁⳉⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲛ ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲛ, Ⲁⲡⲟⲅⲁⲗⲩⲙⲯⲓⲥ (1905)
  • Horner: The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Southern Dialect, otherwise called Sahidic and Thebaic.
    Vol. 1 Ⲙⲁⲑⲑⲁⲓⲟⲥ, Ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲥ/ Vol. 2 Ⲗⲟⲩⲕⲁ/ Vol. 3 Ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ (1911), Vol. 4/ Vol. 5 Ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ (1920), Vol. 6 Ⲛⲉⲡⲣⲁⳉⲓⲥ ⲛⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ (1922), Vol. 7 incl. Ⲁⲡⲟⲕⲁⲗⲩⲯⲓⲥ (1924)
Sortable articles
  • "The Coptic Bible: (ⲁ̅) Pentateuch". On the published editions of the Bohairic Bible, manuscript sources, and the titles of the Books of the Pentateuch
  • "Coptic Papyri at the Heidelberger".
  • "At the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism".
  • "Coptic Bible Resources". 21 October 2011.
  • Coptic Wikisource (̀ⲪⲂⲓⲕⲓⲡⲏ̇ⲅⲏ) Proposal
  • ̀ⲪⲂⲓⲕⲓⲡⲏ̇ⲅⲏ (Coptic Wikisource) Development Project, currently in the Multilingual Wikisource.
  • "Assorted Images of Coptic Manuscripts".
  • A Few Notes Concerning Mr. Joseph Warren Wells' Edition of the Sahidic and Bohairic Texts of the New Testament

May 03, 2024
bible, translations, into, coptic, this, article, contains, coptic, text, without, proper, rendering, support, question, marks, boxes, other, symbols, instead, coptic, letters, there, have, been, many, coptic, versions, bible, including, some, earliest, transl. This article contains Coptic text Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Coptic letters There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible including some of the earliest translations into any language Several different versions were made in the ancient world with different editions of the Old and New Testament in five of the dialects of Coptic Bohairic northern Fayyumic Sahidic southern Akhmimic and Mesokemic middle Biblical books were translated from the Alexandrian Greek version The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre Islamic period after the 11th century Bohairic became dominant and the only used dialect of the Coptic language Partial copies of a number of Coptic Bibles survive A considerable number of apocryphal texts also survive in Coptic most notably the Gnostic Nag Hammadi library Coptic remains the liturgical language of the Coptic Church and Coptic editions of the Bible are central to that faith Contents 1 Old Testament 2 New Testament 2 1 Sahidic 2 1 1 Textual variants 2 1 2 Some manuscripts 2 2 Bohairic 2 2 1 Some manuscripts 2 3 Middle Egypt 2 4 Textual features 2 5 Greek Coptic diglot manuscripts 3 See also 3 1 Coptic manuscripts 3 2 Other versions 4 Notes 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksOld Testament edit nbsp Job and his daughter from folio 4v of Biblioteca Vittorio Emanuele III MS I B 18 Translators of books of the Old Testament into Egyptian dialects were naturally made from the Alexandrian Greek version Septuagint and there is no reason to doubt that they were translated at as early a date as the Gospels and Epistles if not indeed before them Portions of the Old Testament exist in each Egyptian dialect 1 In Sahidic some Biblical books survived with complete text as well as a large number of extant fragments representing most of the canonical books and certain of the deutero canonical the two Wisdoms the Epistle of Jeremiah and the Greek additions to Daniel nbsp The Mudil Psalter the oldest complete psalter in the Coptic language Coptic Museum Egypt Coptic Cairo Some early manuscripts Bodmer III John 1 1 21 25 Genesis 1 1 4 2 4th century Bohairic Bodmer VI Proverbs 1 1 21 4 4th 5th century Paleo Theban Dialect P Bodmer XVI Exodus 1 1 15 21 4th century Bodmer XVIII Deuteronomy 1 1 10 7 4th century Bodmer XXI Joshua 6 16 25 7 6 11 23 22 1 2 22 19 23 7 23 15 24 2 4th century Bodmer XXII Jeremiah 40 3 52 34 Lamentations Epistle of Jeremiah Book of Baruch 4th 5th century Bodmer XXIII Isaiah 47 1 66 24 4th century Bodmer XL Song of Songs Bodmer XLIV Book of Daniel Bohairic 2 Schoyen Ms 114 Psalms Sahidic c 400 New Testament edit nbsp 8th century Coptic manuscript of Luke 5 5 9 nbsp John 1 1 4 The two main dialects Sahidic and Bohairic are the most important for the study of early versions of the New Testament The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre Islamic period The earliest Bohairic manuscripts date to the 4th century but most texts come from the 9th century and later Sahidic edit The collection of manuscripts of Sahidic translations is often designated by copsa in academic writing and critical apparatus Sa for versio Sahidica in BHS The first translation into the Sahidic dialect was made at the end of the 2nd century in Upper Egypt where Greek was less well understood So the Sahidic is famous for being the first major literary development of the Coptic language though literary work in the other dialects soon followed By the ninth century Sahidic was gradually replaced by neighbouring Bohairic and disappeared Knowledge of the Sahidic manuscripts was lost until they were rediscovered in the 18th century In 1778 Woide issued a prospectus in which he announced his intention of publishing from Oxford manuscripts the fragments of the New Testament iuxta interpretationem dialecti Superioris Aegypti quae Thebaidica seu Sahidica appellantur 3 Another fragments were published in 1884 by Emile Amelineau 4 Amelineau also edited other fragments in 1886 1888 5 Several years later Horner produced a critical edition of the Sahidic New Testament over the period 1911 1924 6 Horner s edition containing almost every verse of the entire New Testament The Sahidic translation is a representative of the Alexandrian text type The order of books Gospels John Matthew Mark Luke Pauline epistles Hebrews between 2 Corinthians and Galatians Catholic epistles Acts Apocalypse 7 Omitted verses Matthew 12 47 Matthew 16 2b 3 17 21 18 11 23 14 Mark 9 44 46 11 26 15 28 Luke 17 36 22 43 44 John 5 4 7 53 8 11 Acts 8 37 15 34 24 7 28 29 Romans 16 24 Omitted or not included phrases Matthew 15 6 or his mother not included 8 Luke 11 4 phrase but deliver us from evil is omitted This omission is supported by the Greek manuscripts Codex Sinaiticus Codex Vaticanus Codex Regius f1 700 and some early versions vg syrs copbo arm geo 9 Textual variants edit In Luke 4 17 it has textual variant and opened the book together with the Greek manuscripts A B L W 3 33 892 1195 1241 ℓ 547 syrs h pal copbo against variant and unrolled the book supported by א Dc K D 8 P PS f1 f13 28 565 700 1009 1010 and many other manuscripts 10 11 In Luke 16 19 the version reads There was a rich man with the name N in eue who clothed himself 12 This reading has also Greek manuscript Papyrus 75 and two Greek minuscule manuscripts 36 and 37 have a scholion of uncertain date eyron de tines kai toy ploysioy en tisin antigrafois toynoma Nineyhs legomenon 13 In John 10 7 it reads o poimhn shepherd for h 8yra door The reading is supported by 𝔓75 and copac 14 In Acts 27 37 it reads seventy six as Codex Vaticanus for two hundred seventy six 15 In 1 Corinthians 15 47 it reads deyteros for deyteros an8rwpos as copbo 16 Some manuscripts edit Some of the more notable manuscripts of the Sahidic are the following The Crosby Schoyen Codex is a papyrus manuscript of 52 leaves 12x12 cm It contains the complete text of Book of Jonah and 1 Peter 2 Maccabees 5 27 8 41 Melito of Sardis Peri Pascha 47 105 unidentified Homily It is dated to the 3rd or 4th centuries and is held at the University of Mississippi 17 British Library MS Oriental 7594 contains an unusual combination of books Deuteronomy Jonah and Acts It is dated paleographically to the late 3rd or early 4th century 18 Michigan MS Inv 3992 a papyrus codex has 42 folios 14 by 15 cm It contains 1 Corinthians Titus and the Book of Psalms It is dated to the 4th century Berlin MS Or 408 and British Museum Or 3518 being parts of the same original document The Berlin portion contains the Book of Revelation 1 John and Philemon in this order It is dated to the 4th century Bodmer XIX Matthew 14 28 28 20 Romans 1 1 2 3 4th or 5th century Bodmer XLII 2 Corinthians dialect unknown Wolf Peter Funk suggest Sahidic 19 Bohairic edit nbsp Uncial 0177 with the text of Luke 1 59 73 The Bohairic dialect of Lower Egypt translation was made a little later as the Greek language was more influential in lower northern Egypt Probably it was made in the beginning of the 3rd century It was a very literal translation many Greek words and even some grammatical forms e g syntactic construction men de were incorporated to this translation For this reason the Bohairic translation is more helpful in the reconstruction of the early Greek text than any other ancient translation The Bohairic translation was influenced by several variables including the other dialects primarily Sahidic and Fayyumic citation needed When the patriarchate moved from Alexandria to Cairo in the 11th century Bohairic was the dominant language of the Coptic church As the official dialect of the Coptic Orthodox Church Bohairic seems to enjoy a strong relationship with mainly the other dialects Egyptian Arabic and as it was for several centuries Greek The text is mainly Alexandrian somewhat influenced by the Western text type The Bohairic translation is designated by copbo The order of books Gospels John Matthew Mark Luke Pauline epistles Hebrews between 2 Thess and 1 Tim Catholic epistles Acts and Apocalypse 20 The Apocalypse is preserved in relatively few manuscripts 21 Omitted verses Matthew 17 21 some mss 18 11 mss 23 14 mss Mark 9 44 46 11 26 mss 15 28 mss Luke 17 36 22 43 44 John 5 4 mss 7 53 8 11 mss Acts 8 37 15 34 mss 24 7 28 29 Romans 16 24 It contains Matthew 12 47 Some manuscripts of the Bohairic version contains verses 17 21 18 11 23 14 Mark 11 26 15 28 John 5 4 7 53 8 11 Acts 15 34 In Acts 27 37 it reads one hundred seventy six for two hundred seventy six 15 Some manuscripts edit The original Old Bohairic version is well represented by manuscripts More than a hundred of manuscripts have survived All have the last twelve verses of Mark The earliest surviving manuscript of the four Gospels is dated AD 889 It is not complete Papyrus Bodmer III is the oldest manuscript of the Bohairic version 22 It was discovered by John M Bodmer of Geneva in Upper Egypt It contains the Gospel of John dated palaeographically to the 4th century It contains 239 pages but the first 22 are damaged Huntington MS 17 bilingual Bohairic Arabic dated to 1174 the oldest manuscript with complete text of the four Gospels in Bohairic Huntington MS 20 bilingual Bohairic Greek with complete text of the four Gospels Oriental MS 424 bilingual Bohairic Arabic dated to 1308 with complete text of the Pauline epistles Catholic epistles and the Acts Codex Marshall Or 5 The Bohairic version was employed by Mill for his edition of 1707 It was first published in 1716 by Wilkins who edited Novum Testamentum Aegyptium vulgo Copticum His edition was accompanied with a Latin translation 23 Horner produced a critical edition of the Bohairic New Testament in 1898 1905 24 Horner used more than fifty Bohairic manuscripts preserved in that time in the libraries of Europe 20 Middle Egypt edit nbsp Codex Glazier manuscript of Acts The only surviving witnesses of an Akhmimic and an Fayyumic Versions are in a fragmentary pieces designated by copakh and copfay The Schoyen Codex a papyrus manuscript It contains Gospel of Matthew Dated to the early 4th century It is the earliest Matthew in any Coptic dialect 25 Codex Glazier contains Acts 1 1 15 3 housed at the Pierpont Morgan Library 26 P Mich inv 3521 Gospel of John in Fayyumic ca AD 325 Textual features edit Mark 8 15 the Herodians 𝔓45 W 8 f1 f13 28 565 1365 iti itk copsa arm geo Herod copbo majority of Greek mss In 1 John 5 6 two versions Sahidic and Bohairic have textual variant through water and blood and spirit supported by the manuscripts Codex Sinaiticus Codex Alexandrinus 104 424c 614 1739c 2412 2495 ℓ 598m syrh Origen 27 n 1 Bart D Ehrman identified this reading as Orthodox corrupt reading 28 Greek Coptic diglot manuscripts edit More than forty Greek Coptic diglot manuscripts of the New Testament have survived to the present day Papyrus 2 Papyrus 6 Papyrus 41 Papyrus 42 Papyrus 62 Papyrus 96 Codex Borgianus Uncial 070 Uncial 086 Uncial 0100 Uncial 0114 Uncial 0129 0203 ℓ 1575 Uncial 0164 Uncial 0177 Uncial 0184 Uncial 0200 Uncial 0204 Uncial 0205 Uncial 0236 Uncial 0237 Uncial 0238 Uncial 0239 Uncial 0260 Uncial 0275 Uncial 0276 Uncial 0298 Uncial 0299 Lectionary 143 Lectionary 961 Lectionary 962 Lectionary 963 Lectionary 964 Lectionary 965 Lectionary 1353 Lectionary 1355 Lectionary 1575 Lectionary 1602 Lectionary 1603 Lectionary 1604 Lectionary 1606 Lectionary 1607 Lectionary 1614 Lectionary 1678 Lectionary 1739 Lectionary 1994 Lectionary 2210 Lectionaries 1993 and 1605 are trilingual manuscripts Lectionary 1993 Coptic Greek and Arabic Lectionary 1605 Greek Coptic and ArabicoSee also editCoptic disambiguation Coptic language Coptic literature Coptic Orthodox Church Crosby Schoyen Codex MS 193 Coptic manuscripts edit List of the Coptic New Testament manuscripts Old Testament fragment Naples Biblioteca Vittorio Emanuele III I B 18 Other versions edit Syriac versions of the Bible Slavic translations of the BibleNotes edit For another variants of this verse see Textual variants in the First Epistle of John References edit Swete Henry Barclay 1902 An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek Cambridge Macmillan and Co p 106 The Anchor Bible Dictionary Doubleday 1992 Volume 1 766 767 Scrivener Frederick Henry Ambrose Edward Miller 1894 A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament Vol 1 4 ed London George Bell amp Sons pp 127 128 E C Amelineau Fragments coptes du Nouveau Testament dans le dialecte thebain Recueil de travaux relatifs a la philologie V 1884 pp 105 139 ZAS XXIV 1886 41 56 103 114 XXV 1887 42 57 100 110 125 135 XXVI 1888 96 105 George Horner The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Southern Dialect otherwise called Sahidic and Thebaic 7 vols 1911 1924 repr Osnabruck 1969 Eberhard Nestle Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament Oxford 1901 p 135 Eberhard Nestle Erwin Nestle Barbara Aland and Kurt Aland eds Novum Testamentum Graece 26th edition Stuttgart Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft 1991 41 The Greek New Testament ed K Aland A Black C M Martini B M Metzger and A Wikgren in cooperation with INTF United Bible Societies 3rd edition Stuttgart 1983 p 256 Bruce M Metzger A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft Stuttgart 2001 p 114 NA26 p 164 Philip W Comfort amp David P Barrett The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts Tyndale House Publishers Wheaton 2001 p 551 Bruce M Metzger The Early Versions of the New Testament Their Origin Transmission and Limitations Clarendon Press Oxford 1977 p 136 NA26 p 282 a b UBS3 p 524 UBS3 p 616 William H Willis The New Collections of Papyri at the University of Mississippi Proceedings of the IX International Congress of Papyrology Oslo 1961 pp 382 289 Herbert Thompson The New Biblical Texts in the Dialect of Upper Egypt London 1912 James M Robinson The Pachomian Monastic Library at the Chester Beatty Library and the Bibliotheque Bodmer in Manuscripts of the Middle East 5 1990 1991 p 40 a b Eberhard Nestle Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament Oxford 1901 p 134 Bruce M Metzger The Early Versions of the New Testament Oxford University Press 1977 p 123 R Kasser Papyrus Bodmer III Evangile de Jean et Genese I IV 2 en bohairique CSCO clxxvii Scriptores coptici XXV Louvain 1958 Eberhard Nestle Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament Oxford 1901 pp 133 134 George Horner The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Northern Dialect otherwise called Memphitic and Bohairic 4 vols 1898 1905 repr Osnabruck 1969 1 3 Coptic Bible The Schoyen Collection Retrieved 2018 03 14 Hans Martin Schenke Apostelgeschichte 1 1 15 3 Im Mittelaegyptischen Dialekt des Koptischen Codex Glazier TU 137 Berlin Akademie Verlag 1991 UBS3 p 823 Bart D Ehrman The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture Oxford University Press Oxford 1993 p 60 Further reading editKurt Aland and Barbara Aland The Text of the New Testament An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism 1995 Grand Rapids Michigan Augustini Ciasca Sacrorum Bibliorum Fragmenta Copto Sahidica Romae 1885 W E Crum 1905 Catalogue of the Coptic manuscripts in the British Museum London British Museum Alla Ivanovna Elanskai a The Literary Coptic manuscripts in the A S Pushkin State Fine Arts Museum in Moscow BRILL 1994 pp 397 472 Bruce M Metzger The Early Versions of the New Testament Clarendon Press Oxford 1977 pp 99 152 Bruce M Metzger Bart D Ehrman The Text of the New Testament Its Transmission Corruption and Restoration Oxford University Press 2005 pp 110 115 Translations The Oxford Companion to the Bible Franz Jurgen Schmitz Gerd Mink Liste der Koptischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments I Die sahidischen Handschriften der Evangelien Berlin and New York Walter de Gruyter 1991 vol 1 part 1 Franz Jurgen Schmitz Gerd Mink Liste der koptischen Handschriften des neuen Testaments Walter de Gruyter 1991 vol 1 part 2 pp 1279 ISBN 978 3 11 013015 7 Frederic Wisse The Coptic Versions of the New Testament in The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary Research ed Bart D Ehrman and Michael W Holmes William B Eerdmans Publishing Company Grand Rapids 1995 pp 131 141 Henri Munier Manuscrits coptes 1916 Sir Herbert Thompson 1908 The Coptic Sahidic version of certain Books of the Old Testament from a papyrus in the British Museum Oxford University Press Sir Herbert Thompson 1913 The new biblical papyrus a Sahidic version of Deuteronomy Jonah and Acts of the Apostles from MS Or 7594 of the British Museum notes and a collation Wolfgang Kosack Novum Testamentum Coptice Neues Testament Bohairisch ediert von Wolfgang Kosack Novum Testamentum Bohairice curavit Wolfgang Kosack Wolfgang Kosack neue Ausgabe Christoph Brunner Basel 2014 ISBN 978 3 906206 04 2 External links editOnline Coptic Version of The New Testament Horner The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Northern Dialect otherwise called Memphitic and Bohairic Vol 1 Ⲙⲁⲧⲑⲉⲟⲥ Ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲥ Vol 2 Ⲗⲟⲩⲕⲁⲥ Ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ 1898 Vol 3 Ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ Vol 4 Ⲕⲁⲑⲟⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲗⲏ Ⲡⲣⲁⳉⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲛ ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲛ Ⲁⲡⲟⲅⲁⲗⲩⲙⲯⲓⲥ 1905 Horner The Coptic Version of the New Testament in the Southern Dialect otherwise called Sahidic and Thebaic Vol 1 Ⲙⲁⲑⲑⲁⲓⲟⲥ Ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲥ Vol 2 Ⲗⲟⲩⲕⲁ Vol 3 Ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ 1911 Vol 4 Vol 5 Ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ 1920 Vol 6 Ⲛⲉⲡⲣⲁⳉⲓⲥ ⲛⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ 1922 Vol 7 incl Ⲁⲡⲟⲕⲁⲗⲩⲯⲓⲥ 1924 Sortable articles The Coptic Bible ⲁ Pentateuch On the published editions of the Bohairic Bible manuscript sources and the titles of the Books of the Pentateuch Coptic Papyri at the Heidelberger At the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism Coptic Bible Resources 21 October 2011 Coptic Wikisource ⲪⲂⲓⲕⲓⲡⲏ ⲅⲏ Proposal ⲪⲂⲓⲕⲓⲡⲏ ⲅⲏ Coptic Wikisource Development Project currently in the Multilingual Wikisource Assorted Images of Coptic Manuscripts A Few Notes Concerning Mr Joseph Warren Wells Edition of the Sahidic and Bohairic Texts of the New Testament Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bible translations into Coptic amp oldid 1220185084, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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