Australia First Party
The Australia First Party (AFP), officially known as the Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated, is an Australian nationalist political party founded in 1996 by Graeme Campbell. The policies of Australia First have been described as ultranationalist, anti-multicultural and economically protectionist. The party's logo includes the Southern Cross of the Eureka Flag.
Australia First Party | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | AFP |
| President | Jim Saleam |
| Deputy Leader | Peter Schuback |
| Founder | Graeme Campbell |
| Founded | June 1996 |
| Registered | |
| Headquarters | Tempe, New South Wales, Australia |
| Newspaper |
|
| Youth wing | Eureka Youth League |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Far-right[4][10] |
| International affiliation | Alliance for Peace and Freedom[11] |
| Colours | Blue, Red and Black |
| Slogan | "Identity. Independence. Freedom." |
| House of Representatives | 0 / 151 |
| Senate | 0 / 76 |
| Eureka flag[12] | |
| Website | |
| australiafirstparty | |
The AFP's current leader, Jim Saleam, is a Lebanese Australian, a convicted arsonist, a former member of the National Socialist Party of Australia and founder of the militant Australian white nationalist group National Action. The party has been accused of having ties with fascism[5] and neo-Nazism.[13] In October 2022, the Global Project Against Hate and Extremism (GPAHE) released a report in which it classified the AFP as a "white nationalist" and "anti-immigrant" group.[8]
History edit
Campbell era edit
The Australia First Party was established in June 1996 by Graeme Campbell, and registered as a political party by the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) on 13 September 1996. Campbell had been the federal Labor member for Kalgoorlie since 1980. However, he was disendorsed by Labor in 1995, and continued to sit in parliament as an independent. He was reelected as an independent at the 1996 Australian federal election, and formed AFP soon after. However, AFP was not successful at the 1998 federal election and Campbell lost his seat, blaming his loss on Australia First being eclipsed by One Nation. In 2009, he claimed that, if not for the presence of a One Nation candidate, he would have picked up an additional 8.5% of the vote, which would have been enough to keep him in the race.
Campbell remained Australia First's leader until June 2001, when he left the party to stand (unsuccessfully) as a One Nation Senate candidate in Western Australia. At the 2004 federal election, Campbell attempted unsuccessfully to regain his old federal seat as an independent. He again stood for the Senate in Western Australia at the 2007 federal election as an independent, but only achieved 0.13% of the vote.[14]
Saleam era edit
Saleam has served two jail terms, one for property offences and fraud in 1984 and one for being an accessory before the fact in 1989 for his involvement in the shotgun attack on the home of African National Congress representative Eddie Funde.[15]
In 2002, Jim Saleam ran as an AFP candidate for a seat on Marrickville council, New South Wales, claiming "to oppose Marrickville being a Refugee Welcome Zone". Later that year the party formed its youth wing, the Patriotic Youth League. AFP was deregistered by the AEC on 13 August 2004 for failing to nominate candidates at elections for four years. By 2007, Saleam had reestablished AFP, and in July 2009, Saleam claimed that the party had 500 members, and announced that he was registering its New South Wales branch, Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated, with the AEC. The branch was registered by AEC on 13 June 2010, in time for the 2010 federal election.[16]
At the 2013 federal election, AFP was involved in Glenn Druery's Minor Party Alliance. Saleam stood in the seat of Cook on a platform to end refugee intakes, running against Scott Morrison, and received 617 votes, or 0.67% of the vote.[17]
On 14 July 2015, the AEC de-registered the AFP due to its failure to demonstrate the required 500 members. It was re-registered on 1 March 2016 as "Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated".[18]
AFP contested the 2016 federal election, without any success. Saleam stood in the seat of Lindsay, New South Wales, receiving 1068 votes or 1.2% of the vote. In October 2016, the Australia First Party joined with the Australian Protectionist Party, Nationalist Alternative, Eureka Youth League, and Hellenic Nationalists of Australia to form the Australian Coalition of Nationalists, as a framework for cooperation between these entities.[19]
Saleam also stood for AFP in the 2018 Longman by-election, receiving 709 votes or 0.8% of the vote.[20]
Saleam stood in the seat of Cootamundra, New South Wales, in the 2017 by-election as an independent, though still a member of Australia First, as the party was not registered for NSW elections. He received 453 votes, 1% of the total. He again stood in the seat at the 2019 New South Wales state election as an independent. Saleam's platform included the reintroduction of the White Australia policy and opposition to Chinese immigration.[21]
On 2 May 2014 the party aligned itself with the Golden Dawn party of Greece, an ultranationalist organisation, and on 24 July 2016, the party endorsed former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan David Duke for the 2016 Louisiana election via Twitter.[22]
On 12 January 2022, the party was de-registered by the Australian Electoral Commission for failing to meet the increased requirement of 1,500 members.[23]
Policies and electoral performance edit
The party stands on a nationalist, anti-multicultural and economic protectionist platform.[24]
The Australia First Party has been largely unsuccessful electorally. It has been elected to two local council seats, one in City of Penrith and one in City of Prospect. Saleam ran as a candidate in the 2018 Longman by-election, receiving 684 votes or 0.8% of the vote.[25]
In the 2019 Australian federal election, the party put up three candidates: Susan Jakobi in Lalor, Peter Schubeck for Longman, and Michael Chehoff for Swan.[26]
| House of Representatives | |||||
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 28,069 | 0.25 (#8) | 0 / 150 | 0 | |
| 2010 | 3,670 | 0.03 (#16) | 0 / 150 | 0 | |
| 2013 | 7,412 | 0.06 (#15) | 0 / 150 | 0 | |
| 2016 | 6,895 | 0.05 (#24) | 0 / 150 | 0 | |
| 2019 | 6,786 | 0.05 (#23) | 0 / 150 | 0 | |
| Senate | ||||||
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | # of overall seats | +/– | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 46,765 | 0.41 (#8) | 0 / 40 | 0 / 76 | 0 | |
| 2010 | 9,680 | 0.08 (#21) | 0 / 40 | 0 / 76 | 0 | |
| 2013 | 10,157 | 0.08 (#32) | 0 / 40 | 0 / 76 | 0 | |
| 2016 | 3,027 | 0.02 (#47) | 0 / 40 | 0 / 76 | 0 | |
Queensland edit
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats | +/– | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 9,560 | 0.49 (#6) | 0 / 89 | 0 |
New South Wales edit
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats | +/– | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 4,709 | 0.13 (#44) | 0 / 21 | 0 |
South Australia edit
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats | +/– | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | 9,150 | 1.02 (#10) | 0 / 22 | 0 |
Western Australia edit
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats | +/– | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 5,856 | 0.60 (#7) | 0 / 36 | 0 |
Activities edit
The Australia First Party's activities have mainly consisted of distributing anti-immigration and racist pamphlets and protesting,[27] although they denied involvement in some highly racist leaflets dropped in mailboxes in 2010 Campbelltown.[28]
Cronulla riots (2005) edit
The group played a large role in the 2005 Cronulla riots. In the week prior to the riots, the AFP encouraged members to go to the seaside suburb of Cronulla. Its website called for "patriots" to show solidarity with victims of "anti-Australian race and hate and violence".[29] AFP claim that 120 members and supporters attended the riots, and both members of the AFP and their youth wing the Patriotic Youth League were seen handing out anti-immigration leaflets and supplying alcohol there.[30] Their website later described the riots as a "civil uprising of the Australian people".[27]
Nathan Sykes arrest edit
On 20 March 2019, Australia First member Nathan Sykes, described as a "prolific online troll and a lieutenant of Australia's most prominent white supremacist Jim Saleam", was charged with at least eight offences, after allegations that he made repeated and detailed violent threats to Melbourne journalist and lawyer Luke McMahon. He had previously made numerous racist and intimidating online comments targeting high-profile Australians, including ex-Racial Discrimination Commissioner Tim Soutphommasane, activist Mariam Veiszadeh and Guardian journalist Van Badham.[31]
Patriotic/Eureka Youth League edit
The Patriotic Youth League was formed in 2002 by former One Nation activist Stuart McBeth as the youth wing of the Australia First Party. It was described by numerous media commentators and academics as a far right, white nationalist youth organisation that has been linked to neo-Nazism, including the now-disbanded US-based Volksfront, and hate crimes.[29][32]
The group was mainly active in the northern suburbs of Sydney and Melbourne, and played a large role in the 2005 Cronulla riots.[33] They distributed white power leaflets in the days prior to the riots, displayed banners saying "Aussies fighting back" at the riots,[33] and also distributed pamphlets and alcohol during the riots.[30]
The league disbanded in 2006, but was reincarnated as the Eureka Youth League in 2010[33][34] (not to be confused with the historical Eureka Youth League). As of April 2021[update] the Eureka Youth League has a website[35] and Facebook group, although the last post on the latter was in October 2017.[36]
Racism allegations edit
Australia First Party is as of March 2019[update] led by convicted criminal and far-right activist Jim Saleam. Saleam was a member of the short-lived National Socialist Party of Australia as a teenager during the early 1970s and the founder of the militant Australian white nationalist group National Action.[37][24]
Australia First also endorsed independent candidate John Moffat, who was later criticised by B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation Commission chairman Michael Lipshutz, Cronulla Liberal MLA Malcolm Kerr and Lebanese Muslim Association spokesman Jihad Dib for "inciting racial hatred".[38]
On 10 July 2009, the Sydney Morning Herald reported that David Palmer, the Imperial Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan in Australia, said several Klan members had secretly joined Australia First. Palmer said Australia First had been identified as an Aryan party and would prove useful "in case the ethnics get out of hand and they need sorting out." The Australia First Party later endorsed former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan David Duke for the 2016 Louisiana election via Twitter.[39]
In July 2010, it was reported that Australia First was distributing leaflets comparing Africans to monkeys, and "blaming Africans for the social problems in Sydney's west". Australia First denied responsibility for the leaflets, claiming that they had been distributed in an attempt to discredit the party.[40]
The Australia First Party used Sinophobia and fear of African Australians in their campaign during the 2019 election.[26][41]
See also edit
Notes edit
- ^ Each time the party was registered with the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC), first in 1996, it was later deregistered for not meeting the requirements within the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918.
References edit
- ^ "Australia First Party". aec.gov.au. Australian Electoral Commission (AEC).
- ^ "Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated". aec.gov.au. Australian Electoral Commission (AEC).
- ^ . australiafirstparty.net. 1 March 2016. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017.
- ^ a b McFadden, Alexandra (10 November 2022). "Wardens of Civilisation: The Political Ecology of Australian Far-Right Civilisationism". Antipode. Wiley. 55 (2): 548–573. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ a b Watson, Joey (17 January 2019). "A brief history of Nazism in Australia". ABC News.
- ^ a b c McSwiney, Jordan (2024). Far-Right Political Parties in Australia: Disorganisation and Electoral Failure. Taylor & Francis. p. 2008. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ Rydgren, Jens, ed. (5 February 2018). "32". The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right. Oxford Academic. p. 659. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.32.
- ^ a b c "Far-Right Hate and Extremist Groups – Australia". globalextremism.org. Global Project Against Hate and Extremism. 5 October 2022. from the original on 21 October 2022.
- ^ King, Tom (11 August 2015). "Explainer: Australia's tangled web of far-right political parties". The Conversation. from the original on 14 December 2015.
- ^ "Factsheet: Stormfront Downunder". bridge.georgetown.edu. Georgetown University. 19 November 2019. from the original on 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Australia First Joins Alliance for Peace and Freedom". australiafirstparty.net. Australia First Party. 11 September 2021. from the original on 29 September 2021.
- ^ Judd, Bridget (14 April 2016). "Australia First Party's use of Eureka flag angers rebels' descendants in Ballarat". ABC News. from the original on 22 April 2016.
- ^ Daly, Kristen (4 August 2014). "We Went Inside the Sydney Headquarters of the Extreme-Right Australia First Party". vice.com. Vice.
- ^ Cambell Era:
- Scott Bennett (16 February 1999). . Archived from the original on 13 July 2010. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ?Antony Green (2007). "Senate Results Western Australia". Federal Election 2007. ABC News. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- Australian Electoral Commission
- Antony Green (21 December 2007). "Kalgoorlie". Australia Votes 2007. ABC News. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
- ^ Gibson, Jano; Frew, Wendy (12 January 2008). "No apology for white Australia policy". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
- ^ Marrickville Council:
- West, Andrew (29 February 2004). "White separatist takes on Marrickville". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 July 2006.
- Jensen, Erik (9 July 2009). "Right-wing genie out of the bottle". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- "Parties and Representatives". AEC redirection page – Australian Electoral Commission.
- ^ 2013 election:
- "Bitter dispute erupts over Senate preferences in Queensland". ABC News. ABC. 5 September 2013.
- "Alliance of micro parties boosts odds for likes of One Nation or Shooters and Fishers gaining Senate spot through preferences". The Daily Telegraph. 5 September 2013.
- ^ Registration:
- "Deregistered/renamed political parties". Australian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
- "Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated". Australian Electoral Commission. 7 March 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
- ^ The formation of the Australian Coalition of Nationalists
- ^ Longman by-election:
- Murray, Oliver (26 April 2016). "Far-right-wing parties after your vote on election day". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
- Pollard, Krystyna (19 May 2016). "Controversial Saleam to stand for Australia First in Lindsay". Penrith City Gazette. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
- . Australian Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
- ^ Cootamundra election:
- Grey, Lachlan (27 August 2017). "Australia First leader Jim Saleam to contest Cootamundra by-election in November". Cootamundra Herald. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
- "Right wing extremist makes election bid in sleepy NSW 'cherry capital'".
- ^ Golden Dawn:
- Gemenis, Kostas; Nezi, Roula (January 2012), The 2011 Political Parties Expert Survey in Greece (PDF), University of Twente, p. 4
- Repoussi, Maria (2009), "Battles over the national past of Greeks: The Greek History Textbook Controversy 2006–2007" (PDF), Geschichte für heute. Zeitschrift für historisch-politische Bildung (1): 5
- Grumke, Thomas (2003), "The transatlantic dimension of right-wing extremism", Human Rights Review, 4 (4): 56–72, doi:10.1007/s12142-003-1021-x, S2CID 145203309,
On 24 October 1998 the Greek right-wing extremist organisation Chrisi Avgi (Golden Dawn) was the host for the 5th European Youth Congress in Thessaloniki.
- "Australia FirstParty (@AustFirstParty)". Retrieved 1 February 2018.
- ^ "Notice of deregistration – Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated" (PDF).
- ^ a b Greason, David (1994), I was a teenage fascist, pp.283,284,289, McPhee Gribble
- ^ By-elections:
- . City of Prospect. Archived from the original on 19 September 2006. Retrieved 20 January 2007.
- (PDF). Local Government Association of South Australia. p. 47. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2007.
- Schiller, Emma (14 September 2012). "Australia First Party council candidate elected". Penrith Press. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
- ^ a b Hood, John (23 January 2019). "Susan Jakobi, Australia First Party for Lalor in 2019". Australia First Party. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
- ^ a b Mulcair, John (10 October 2006). "Rally held at MP's office". St. George and Sutherland Shire Leader (Sutherland edition). p. 11. from the original on 7 November 2006. Retrieved 13 October 2006.
- ^ Australia First Denies Racist Mailbox Flyers 20 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Ewin Hannan; Richard Baker (13 December 2005). "Nationalists boast of their role on the beach". The Age. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ a b Baker, Richard (14 December 2005). "Australia First: reclaiming the agenda". The Age. p. 11. from the original on 3 February 2006. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ McKenzie, Nick; Baker, Richard (22 March 2019). "Police swoop on right-wing troll over alleged violent threats". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
- ^ Patriotic Youth League:
- "Neo-Nazi link to campus anti-foreigner campaign". The Sydney Morning Herald. 2 December 2004. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
- Adam Bennett (19 December 2004). "Race hate group unstuck". Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- Danny Ben-Moshe (2006). "The Far-Right and the 2005 Cronulla Riots in Sydney". Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- Sarah Price (29 August 2004). "Campus racism rises" The Sydney Morning Herald".
- ^ a b c White, Alex (7 October 2015). "The pro-white gangs spreading race hate across Australia". The Herald Sun. News International. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ Campion, Kristy (20 March 2019). "Right-wing extremism has a long history in Australia". The Conversation. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
- ^ "Eureka Youth League". Eureka Youth League. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ "Eureka Youth League". Facebook. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
- ^ West, Andrew (29 February 2004). "No Apology For White Australia Policy". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
- ^ Roberts, Greg (5 January 2007). "Cronulla candidate campaigns for race hatred". The Australian. p. 4. Retrieved 18 May 2011.
- ^ Jensen, Erik (10 July 2009). "We have infiltrated party: KKK" (reprint). The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax. p. 1. Retrieved 10 July 2009.
- ^ "Racist leaflets not ours: Australia First". ABC Online. ABC. 27 July 2010. from the original on 25 July 2010. Retrieved 31 July 2010.
- ^ Campaign poster for Lalor with caption "No China city in Werribee"[permanent dead link]
External links edit
- Official website
- Australia First (historic – 2008–2012) 30 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine