André 3000
André Lauren Benjamin (born May 27, 1975), better known as André 3000, is an American rapper, singer, musician, songwriter, record producer, and actor. Born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia, he is best known for being one-half of the Southern hip hop duo Outkast, alongside fellow Atlanta-based rapper Big Boi. Benjamin is widely considered to be one of the greatest rappers of all time and has been ranked as such by publications including Billboard,[1] Complex,[2] The Source,[3] and About.com.[4]
André 3000 | |
|---|---|
André 3000 performing in 2014 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | André Lauren Benjamin |
| Also known as |
|
| Born | May 27, 1975 Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Genres | |
| Occupation(s) |
|
| Works | |
| Instrument(s) |
|
| Years active | 1992–present |
| Labels | |
| Formerly of | |
| Partner | Erykah Badu (1995–1999) |
| Children | 1 |
| Website | andre3000 |
As part of Outkast, the duo released six successful studio albums, which contained hit singles including "Ms. Jackson", "Roses", "So Fresh, So Clean" and "Elevators (Me & You)", among others. The duo's fifth LP, a double album titled Speakerboxxx/The Love Below (2003), contained a solo record performed by Benjamin: "Hey Ya!", which peaked the Billboard Hot 100 and earned a Grammy Award for Best Urban/Alternative Performance. After the duo split in 2007, Benjamin became less active as a solo act compared to Big Boi, although he had a number of highly-acclaimed guest appearances on songs and albums by numerous artists. Such activity earned him an additional Grammy Award among seven nominations as a solo artist. In 2023, Benjamin released his debut studio album New Blue Sun, an instrumental recording showcasing his performances on flute.[5]
Outside of music, Benjamin has acted in films and television series such as Families, The Shield, Be Cool, Revolver, Semi-Pro, High Life, Four Brothers, and in the lead role of Jimi Hendrix in All Is by My Side. He further played Fredwynn on the AMC series Dispatches from Elsewhere, and was featured in the 2022 adaptation of the Don DeLillo novel of White Noise.
Early life edit
André Lauren Benjamin was born in Atlanta, Georgia on May 27, 1975,[6] the only child of real-estate seller Sharon Benjamin and collections agent Lawrence Harvey Walker.[7][8][9][10] His single mother raised him in Atlanta, East Point, and Buckhead, where he attended Sarah Smith Elementary School, Sutton Middle School, Northside High School, McClarin Success Academy, and Tri-Cities High School.[11] He was a childhood friend of Fonzworth Bentley.
Musical career edit
1992–2006: Beginnings and success with Outkast edit
In high school, Benjamin (who was then performing as Dré) met Antwan "Big Boi" Patton in 1992 at the Lenox Square shopping mall when they were both 16 years old.[12] Benjamin and Patton, also attending the same high school, teamed up to form Outkast (originally known as 2 Shades Deep). Shortly after graduating, Outkast was signed to the Atlanta-based record label LaFace, an imprint of Arista Records and released their debut album, Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik, in 1994. Buoyed by the success of the single "Player's Ball", the album was certified platinum by the RIAA the same year, and Outkast was named "Best New Rap Group of the Year" at the 1995 Source Awards.
On their next two albums, ATLiens (1996) and Aquemini (1998), Outkast experimented with their sound by adding elements of trip hop, soul, and jungle. The albums were also influenced by a return to traditional black music genres, with funk being the most prominent example. Outkast's style and lyricism again received commercial and critical acclaim. With the duo's portrayal of themselves as out-of-place extraterrestrials in ATLiens, Benjamin's lyrics, in particular, were noted for their surreal, space-age tinge: "the funkadelic, futuristic, and seemingly unfamiliar, weird, or eccentric persona projected by André 3000 creates the chance to transcend the more pronounced characterizations of gangstas and pimps so regularly assumed by black men rap artists."[13] During the recording of these albums, Benjamin took up guitar, painting, and a relationship with singer Erykah Badu.
Outkast's fourth album, Stankonia (2000), introduced Benjamin's new alias André 3000 (largely to distinguish himself from Dr. Dre and his new persona after his split with Badu) and increased the group's crossover appeal with the single "Ms. Jackson", which hit #1 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was written in the aftermath of Benjamin's breakup with Badu and was a fictionalized account of the disintegration of their relationship. In 2002, Outkast released a greatest hits album, Big Boi and Dre Present... OutKast, which contained three new tracks, one of which, "The Whole World", won a Grammy for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group. Later that year, Benjamin participated in the Dungeon Family group album, which saw some prominent Atlanta-based hip-hop groups combine into a supergroup. In 2002, André 3000 was referenced on the song "Till I Collapse" by Eminem, who considered him one of the best rappers ever.
In 2003 Outkast released Speakerboxxx/The Love Below, a double album that highlighted the differences in the musical styles of the group's two members. Though Big Boi's half of the album, Speakerboxxx, spawned the number-one hit "The Way You Move" and the relatively successful "Ghetto Musick", Benjamin's The Love Below garnered the most attention from mainstream audiences, with the popular singles "Hey Ya!" and "Roses" and their music videos receiving heavy radio and television airtime. "Prototype", the album's fourth single and video (Benjamin's third), was released shortly after. Unlike Speakerboxxx, The Love Below is an exercise in funk, jazz, and alternative music, featuring vocals from Benjamin which are mostly sung instead of rapped. Rolling Stone compared Benjamin to "an indie-rock Little Richard" on "Hey Ya!" and later declared the international hit one of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.[14]
In 2006, Outkast released their sixth album as a group, Idlewild, which also served as a soundtrack to the group's musical film Idlewild. The film depicts life in a 1930s setting and the album takes influences from the music of that era, particularly blues. Benjamin had a few rapped verses on the album, including on the first single "Mighty O", but mostly stuck with singing, as he had on The Love Below. The album postponed the release of the theatrical film, as Benjamin and Patton were concentrated more on the production of the music than the movie. In an interview with Billboard in 2006, Benjamin explained that Outkast and its associates had developed the idea of creating a movie before the release of Aquemini, so that when it finally came time to collaborate on the movie, they already had most of the details worked out, including a script, and the movie was ultimately finished before the album was.[15]
In January 2014, it was announced that Outkast would be reuniting to celebrate their 20th anniversary by performing at more than 40 festivals worldwide during the spring/summer of 2014, beginning with a headline spot at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in Indio, California in April.
2007–present: Solo career edit
Benjamin returned to rapping in 2007, after a hiatus from the genre, appearing on various remixes including "Walk It Out", "Throw Some D's", "You", and Jay-Z's "30 Something". His contributions to original songs included UGK's "International Players Anthem", Devin the Dude's "What a Job", Fonzworth Bentley's "Everybody", and Big Boi's "Royal Flush" alongside Raekwon. Benjamin also worked with Q-Tip on the song "Be Brave", which was supposed to be released on Q-Tip's 2008 album The Renaissance.[16] He also appeared on the track "Green Light" from John Legend's album Evolver, which was released on October 28, 2008. Prior to the release, Benjamin commented: "It's going to be a surprise for a lot of John Legend fans because it is a lot more upbeat than John is—than people think John is. I was actually happy to hear it. This is a cool John Legend song." Benjamin has stated that he plans on recording a solo rap album and that the response to his remixes is part of the motivation for it.[17] In 2010, he was featured on Ciara's remix for her single "Ride" from the album Basic Instinct,[18] and on the remix to Chris Brown's "Deuces".
On January 18, 2011, Kesha released "The Sleazy Remix", which featured Benjamin. The remix was later re-released on December 13, 2011, also featuring verses by rappers Lil Wayne, Wiz Khalifa, and T.I.[19] On June 7, Big Boi leaked a collaboration with Benjamin and Sleepy Brown entitled "Lookin' 4 Ya", which had originally been intended for Big Boi's debut solo album Sir Lucious Left Foot: The Son of Chico Dusty before it was blocked by Jive Records from appearing on the album.[20]
On June 24, 2011, Beyoncé's fourth studio album, entitled 4, was released. Benjamin featured on the track "Party", his first collaboration with the singer. The song was later nominated for the Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 2012 Grammy Awards. Benjamin continued his string of guest appearances throughout the year, featuring on Lloyd's song "Dedication to My Ex (Miss That)", Lil Wayne's "Interlude", and Drake's "The Real Her". He also featured on the track "Play the Guitar" by B.o.B.
Benjamin was featured alongside Jay-Z on Young Jeezy's track "I Do", released on January 10, 2012. It later appeared on Young Jeezy's fourth studio album Thug Motivation 103: Hustlerz Ambition. Benjamin's verse, which was initially recorded as a song for his debut solo album, was leaked onto the Internet in 2010. The following month, it was announced that Benjamin would be featured on a song with LCD Soundsystem frontman James Murphy and the alternative rock virtual band Gorillaz titled "DoYaThing", in order to promote the Gorillaz Converse collection. It was released on February 23, 2012, in two different versions, an approximately 4-and-a-half-minute radio edit and an explicit 13-minute version. The song was written and recorded over three days, with the 13-minute version being recorded on the last one.
On July 10, 2012, Channel Orange, the debut album by singer-songwriter and Odd Future member Frank Ocean, was released. Benjamin was featured on the song "Pink Matter", supplying vocals and guitar. Also in July 2012, Rick Ross's album God Forgives, I Don't featured Benjamin on the song "Sixteen", once again supplying vocals and guitar. Later in the year, Benjamin also featured on T.I.'s album Trouble Man: Heavy Is the Head on the song "Sorry". T.I. noted that the collaboration was a "proud moment" for him.[21]
On May 6, 2013, the soundtrack for the 2013 film The Great Gatsby was released, featuring a cover by Benjamin and Beyoncé of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black", marking their second collaboration. The following month, Capital Cities released their debut album, In a Tidal Wave of Mystery, on which Benjamin was featured on the song "Farrah Fawcett Hair".
After being seen in the studio with producer Mike Will Made It, it was reported on August 3, 2013, that Benjamin would be releasing a new solo album in early 2014. However, the following day a representative for Benjamin told Billboard that "there is no official confirmation on that report."[22][23] In 2014, Benjamin appeared on fellow Dungeon Family member Future's second studio album, Honest, on a song titled "Benz Friendz (Whatchutola)".[24]
In November 2015, Benjamin made a surprise guest appearance on the track "Hello" from Erykah Badu's mixtape But You Caint Use My Phone.[25] In 2016, Benjamin performed background vocals on the track "30 Hours" by Kanye West from his album The Life of Pablo. Earlier that year, Benjamin revealed that he was in the process of recording new music. He also appeared on the song "Solo (Reprise)" by Frank Ocean off his album Blonde. In the song, Andre expresses his disappointment with the direction hip hop has taken in the more than twenty years since he started rapping.[26] Benjamin also appeared on the track "the ends" from Travis Scott's second studio album, Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight. Also in 2016, he appeared on the song "Kids..." by A Tribe Called Quest from the album We Got It from Here... Thank You 4 Your Service and was featured on two tracks from Kid Cudi's album Passion, Pain & Demon Slayin'. He was also featured on the track "Rollinem 7's" on N.E.R.D's 2017 album No One Ever Really Dies.
On May 13, 2018, on Mother's Day, Benjamin released two surprise songs through his SoundCloud account, "Me&My (To Bury Your Parents)" and a 17-minute instrumental track, "Look Ma No Hands", which featured Benjamin on bass clarinet and James Blake on piano.[27] Benjamin co-wrote and featured on "Come Home", the first track of Anderson .Paak's album Ventura, released on April 12, 2019. He also featured in a guest verse on "Where's the Catch" from James Blake's album Assume Form.
On September 3, 2021, as part of Drake's ongoing feud with Kanye West, Drake shared the West and Benjamin collaboration "Life of the Party" on his Sirius XM radio show. The unreleased track was originally intended to be on West's album Donda. Benjamin released a statement on the uncertified release explaining that the track was omitted from Donda due to West's current stance against profanity and remarked, "It's unfortunate that it was released in this way and two artists that I love are going back and forth."[28] "Life of the Party" was released officially as part of a deluxe edition of Donda on November 14, 2021.
On November 14, 2023, Benjamin announced his first solo studio album New Blue Sun, which was released on November 17, 2023.
Artistry edit
Benjamin's early hip hop influence was Rakim, who inspired him to rap at school talent shows as a teenager.[29] He was also heavily influenced by A Tribe Called Quest, stating that group member Q-Tip is "kind of like the father of all of us, like me, Kanye, Pharrell".[30][31]
In the book How to Rap, several emcees praised his rapping technique; k-os noted Benjamin's intricate songwriting process and "wicked" flow,[32] Fredro Starr of Onyx commended Benjamin's ability to unpredictably "change up [his] flow on every record",[33] and David Banner said that Benjamin is "one of the best lyricists ever" despite his Southern drawl delivery.[34] With the release of Outkast's Speakerboxxx/The Love Below album, Billboard stated that Benjamin had proved himself to be "an eccentric emo crooner and one of hip-hop's elite at the same time".[1] Henry Adaso of About.com noted that in Benjamin's solo career, he had developed "a reputation for stealing the show with nearly every guest appearance".[4] He has been ranked as one of the greatest rappers of all time by several publications; Billboard ranked him sixth, The Source and About.com ranked him 13th, and Complex ranked him 10th best of the 2000s.[1][3][4][2]
Benjamin began producing music on Outkast's ATLiens album, and later co-founded the production team Earthtone III, which also consisted of Big Boi and Mr. DJ.[29] On Speakerboxxx/The Love Below, he evolved his production by playing multiple live instruments, including keyboards, guitar, acoustic guitar, and tenor saxophone.[35] He has since contributed outside production for Aretha Franklin, Frank Ocean, and Kids See Ghosts, among others.[29] Scarface has called Benjamin the "Prince Rogers Nelson of Hip-Hop".[29]
Acting career edit
Benjamin has made appearances in Families, The Shield (he plays Robert Huggins, a character that originated in an episode titled "On Tilt" from Season 3 in 2004), Be Cool, Revolver, Semi Pro, and Four Brothers. He was also cast as Percival in the Outkast film Idlewild, released on August 25, 2006, alongside the album of the same name. He voiced a crow in Charlotte's Web, a movie adaptation of the 1952 children's book.
As of November 2006, Benjamin voiced Sunny Bridges, a prize-winning musician who gives up touring to teach at his alma mater, in Class of 3000, an animated series on Cartoon Network which he also produced. He has also worked with Esthero on a promotional version of "Jungle Book" which was on a Wikked lil' grrrls sampler, but never made it to the actual album due to issues with Esthero's label, Warner Bros. The following year, Benjamin appeared in the basketball comedy Semi-Pro with Woody Harrelson and Will Ferrell. He also starred in Battle in Seattle, a 2007 film about the 1999 Seattle World Trade Organization protests.
Benjamin was a member of Quentin Tarantino and Lawrence Bender's production company A Band Apart until its close in 2006. Benjamin then formed his own company, Moxie Turtle. In May 2012, Benjamin began filming a biographical film about Jimi Hendrix entitled All Is By My Side. It premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2013.[36][37][38] His performance was met with critical acclaim and earned him a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead.[39] In 2016, Benjamin had a recurring role as Michael LaCroix on the second season of the anthology crime drama series American Crime.[40] In 2018 Benjamin starred in Claire Denis’ first English-language film High Life.
Fashion edit
Benjamin launched the "Benjamin Bixby" clothing line in the spring of 2008, which was inspired by college football from the mid-1930s.[41]
Personal life edit
Benjamin was in a relationship with singer Erykah Badu from 1996 to 1999, and they had a son together named Seven Sirius Benjamin (born November 18, 1997).[42]
In 2004, alongside Alicia Silverstone, Benjamin was voted by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) as the "World's Sexiest Vegetarian Celebrity".[43] He previously followed a vegan diet but stated in 2014, "I was a hardcore vegan for 15 years. I've even done raw. But socially it became horrible. I was kind of just sitting at home eating a salad. You become mean. That's not good for you."[44][45]
Benjamin posed for a print advertising campaign by Declare Yourself, a campaign encouraging voter registration among youth for the 2008 United States presidential election. In the ads by photographer David LaChapelle, he had his mouth gagged by a bow-tie in a symbolic function.[46]
In 2019 Benjamin shared that he was diagnosed a few years prior with social anxiety and hypersensitivity disorder.[47]
Discography edit
Studio album
- New Blue Sun (2023)
Extended play
- Look Ma No Hands (2018)
Filmography edit
- Films
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | Hip Hop Uncensored Vol. 3: Hustlemania | Himself | |
| Uncovered: The Series-Outkast | Himself | ||
| 2003 | Hollywood Homicide | Silk Brown | |
| Soundz of Spirit | Himself | ||
| Volcano High | Kim Kyung-soo | MTV English dub | |
| 2004 | The Industry | Himself | |
| 2005 | Be Cool | Dabu | |
| Four Brothers | Jeremiah Mercer | ||
| Volcano High | Kim Yung Soo | Voice only | |
| Revolver | Avi | ||
| 2006 | Idlewild | Percival | |
| Charlotte's Web | Elwyn | Voice only | |
| Scary Movie 4 | Jack | Uncredited | |
| 2007 | Fracture | George | |
| Battle in Seattle | Django | ||
| 2008 | Semi-Pro | Clarence Withers/Coffee Black/Downtown "Funky Stuff" Malone/ Sugar Dunkerton/"Jumping" Johnny Johnson | |
| 2010 | The After Party: The Last Party 3 | Himself | |
| 2012 | Diary of a Decade: The Story of a Movement | Himself | |
| 2013 | Jimi: All Is by My Side | Jimi Hendrix | Nominated— Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead |
| 2015 | Dominique Belongs to Us | Narrator | |
| 2016 | The Art of Organized Noize | Himself | |
| 2018 | High Life | Tcherny | |
| The Andre 3000 Documentary | Himself | ||
| 2021 | Sign the Show: Deaf Culture, Access & Entertainment | Himself | |
| 2022 | Showing Up | Eric | |
| White Noise | Elliot Lasher |
- Television
| Year | Show | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | Martin | Himself | Episode: "All the players came" |
| 2004; 2008 | The Shield | Robert Huggins | 2 episodes, including series finale episode |
| 2006–2008 | Class of 3000 | Sunny Bridges | Creator, 26 episodes |
| 2016 | American Crime | Michael LaCroix | Recurring |
| 2016 | Brad Neely's Harg Nallin' Sclopio Peepio | Himself/Senator Harvey | Episode: "For Aretha" |
| 2020 | Dispatches from Elsewhere | Fredwynn | Main role |
- Video game
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | L.A. Rush | Himself | voice roles |
Awards and nominations edit
- Grammy Awards
| Year | Nominated work | Category | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | "Rosa Parks" | Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group | Nominated | [48] |
| 2002 | "Ms. Jackson" | Won | ||
| Record of the Year | Nominated | |||
| Best Short-Form Music Video | Nominated | |||
| Stankonia | Album of the Year | Nominated | ||
| Best Rap Album | Won | |||
| 2003 | "The Whole World" (with Killer Mike) | Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group | Won | |
| 2004 | "Hey Ya!" | Record of the Year | Nominated | |
| Best Urban/Alternative Performance | Won | |||
| Best Short-Form Music Video | Nominated | |||
| OutKast | Producer of the Year, Non-Classical | Nominated | ||
| Speakerboxxx/The Love Below | Best Rap Album | Won | ||
| Album of the Year | Won | |||
| 2006 | Love. Angel. Music. Baby. (as producer) | Nominated | ||
| 2007 | "Idlewild Blue (Don't Chu Worry 'Bout Me)" | Best Urban/Alternative Performance | Nominated | |
| "Mighty 'O'" | Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group | Nominated | ||
| 2008 | "International Player's Anthem (I Choose You)" (with UGK) | Nominated | ||
| 2009 | "Royal Flush" (with Big Boi & Raekwon) | Nominated | ||
| "Green Light" (with John Legend) | Best Rap/Sung Collaboration | Nominated | ||
| 2012 | "Party" (with Beyoncé) | Nominated | ||
| 2013 | "I Do" (with Young Jeezy, Drake & Jay-Z) | Best Rap Performance | Nominated | |
| Channel Orange (as featured artist) | Album of the Year | Nominated | ||
| 2020 | "Come Home" (with Anderson .Paak) | Best R&B Performance | Won | |
| 2024 | "Scientists & Engineers" (with Killer Mike, Future & Eryn Allen Kane) | Best Rap Performance | Pending | |
| Best Rap Song | Pending |
References edit
- ^ a b c "Best Rappers List | Greatest of All Time". Billboard. November 12, 2015. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
- ^ a b "The 10 Best Rappers of the 2000s". Complex. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
- ^ a b . thisis50.com. Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
- ^ a b c Adaso, Henry (December 12, 2018). "The 50 Greatest Rappers of All Time". About.com. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
- ^ "André 3000 Releases his Debut Album 'New Blue Sun'". Billboard. November 17, 2023.
- ^ "André 3000 hid away on his 30th birthday". Contactmusic.com. September 22, 2005. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
- ^ "OutKast Biography – family, parents, name, story, school, mother, son, old, information, born, college". Notablebiographies.com. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Tyrangiel, Josh (September 29, 2003). "Music: Dysfunktion Junction". Time. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
- ^ "Lawrence WALKER Obituary (2014) - Atlanta Journal-Constitution". www.legacy.com.
- ^ "Sharon Benjamin-Hodo Obituary (2013) - Atlanta Journal-Constitution". www.legacy.com.
- ^ Blau, Max (September 18, 2003). . Clatl.com. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013. Retrieved October 4, 2013.
- ^ Guzman, Isaac (October 22, 2000). "Melody Makers of Hip-Hop". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
- ^ Beyond Keeping It Real: Outkast, the Funk Connection, and Afrofuturism, Howard Rabsy II, American Studies, Volume 52, Number 4, 2013, pp. 205–216
- ^ Caramanica, Jon (September 24, 2003). "Speakerboxxx/The Love Below". Rolling Stone. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
- ^ Conniff, Tamara (July 22, 2006). "Kasting a Wide Net". Billboard: The International Newsweekly of Music, Video and Home Entertainment.
- ^ VOZICK-LEVINSON, S. (September 7, 2007). "ON THE Q-TIP". Entertainment Weekly.
- ^ . December 31, 2007. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
- ^ "New Music: Ciara f/ André 3000 & Bei Maejor – 'Ride (Remix)'". Rap-Up.com. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Ke$ha f. Andre3000 – Sleazy Rmx | New Hip Hop Music & All The New Rap Songs 2011". HipHop DX. January 14, 2011. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Welch, Will (June 7, 2010). "The Verge Q+A: Big Boi Explains Why Andre 3000 Will Not Appear on Sir Luscious Left Foot: The Q". GQ. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "T.I. Calls André 3000 Collaboration a 'Proud Moment'". Rap-Up.com. May 30, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Andre 3000 Solo Album Next Year". Complex. August 3, 2013. Retrieved October 4, 2013.
- ^ "Andre 3000 Rep Says Rumored 2014 Solo Debut Album is Not a Sure Thing". Billboard. August 3, 2013. Retrieved October 4, 2013.
- ^ "Future Reveals 'Honest' Album Release Date, Cover & Tracklist". Vibe. March 9, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ . Clutch Magazine. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
- ^ "Andre 3000 Shades Drake On New Frank Ocean Song". August 21, 2016. Retrieved August 21, 2016.
- ^ "Andre 3000 Pays Tribute To His Late Parents On "Me&My (To Bury Your Parents)" & "Look Ma No Hands"". Genius. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
- ^ "André 3000 Releases Statement on Kanye West's Leaked Drake Diss "Life of the Party"". Pitchfork. September 4, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Trent Fitzgerald (May 27, 2020). "Here Are 45 Surprising Facts About Andre 3000". XXL. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
- ^ Sam Moore (April 6, 2016). "Kanye West, André 3000, D'Angelo And More Paid Tribute To Phife Dawg Last Night – Watch". NME. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
- ^ Touré (November 2, 2016). "Loss Haunts A Tribe Called Quest's First Album in 18 Years". The New York Times. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
- ^ Edwards (2009), p. 133.
- ^ Edwards (2009), p. 66.
- ^ Edwards (2009), p. 249.
- ^ "Speakerboxxx/The Love Below – Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
- ^ Susman, Gary (March 5, 2004). "Casting Call". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
- ^ Kelly Nelson, Liz (May 29, 2012). . Zap2it. Archived from the original on May 30, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
- ^ "André 3000 Looks to Rock Toronto As Jimi Hendrix – Speakeasy – WSJ". Blogs.wsj.com. July 23, 2013. Retrieved October 4, 2013.
- ^ "Film Independent Spirit Award Nominations 2015 – Full List". Deadline. November 25, 2014.
- ^ "André Benjamin Joins ABC Drama Series 'American Crime'". Deadline. August 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
- ^ Williams, Ben (February 18, 2008). "Spring Fashion 2008 – André Benjamin Launches New Clothing Line, Benjamin Bixby – New York Magazine". Nymag.com. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Did you know Andre 3000 had a look-a-like son?". Capital XTRA. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
- ^ "Home & Family Channel closure – Home family". Virgin Media. October 5, 2011. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "André 3000: What I've Learned'". Esquire. August 27, 2014.
- ^ Polly Vernon, "'I'm addicted to creating'", The Guardian, September 18, 2005.
- ^ . September 13, 2008. Archived from the original on September 13, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
- ^ "André 3000 Opens Up His Social Anxiety And How That Has Impacted His Creativity". BET. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
- ^ "André "3000" Benjamin". grammy.com. The Recording Academy. Retrieved December 11, 2021.
Further reading edit
- Edwards, Paul (2009). How to Rap. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-55652-816-3.