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The Yakan people are among the major indigenous Filipino ethnolinguistic groups in the Sulu Archipelago. Having a significant number of followers of Islam, it is considered one of the 13 Moro groups in the Philippines. The Yakans mainly reside in Basilan but are also in Zamboanga City. They speak a language known as Bissa Yakan, which has characteristics of both Sama-BajauSinama and Tausug (Jundam 1983: 7-8). It is written in the Malayan Arabic script, with adaptations to sounds not present in Arabic (Sherfan 1976).
Yakan people
Students from the Datu Bantilan Dance Troupe in traditional Yakan costume with US Ambassador Kristie Kenney.
The Yakan have a traditional horse culture. They are renowned for their weaving traditions.[4] Culturally, they are Sama people who eventually led a life on land, mostly in Basilan and Zamboanga city. They are included as part of the Sama ethnic group, which includes the Bajau, Dilaut, Kalibugan, and other Sama groups.[5]
The Yakans reside in the Sulu Archipelago, situated to the west of Zamboanga in Mindanao. Traditionally they wear colorful, handwoven clothes. The women wear tight fitting short blouses and both sexes wear narrowcut pants resembling breeches. The women covers it partly with a wrap-around material while the man wraps a sash-like cloth around the waist where he places his weapon – usually a long knife. Nowadays most Yakans wear western clothes and use their traditional clothes only for cultural festivals.
The Spaniards called the Yakan, "Sameacas" and considered them an aloof and sometimes hostile hill people (Wulff 1978:149; Haylaya 1980:13).
In the early 1970s, some of the Yakan settled in Zamboanga City due to political unrest that led to armed conflict between militant Moro groups and government soldiers. The Yakan Village in Upper Calarian is famous among local and foreign tourists because of their art of weaving. Traditionally, they have used plants such as pineapple and abaca converted into fibers as basic material for weaving. Using herbal extracts from leaves, roots and barks, the Yakans dyed the fibers and produced colorful combinations and intricate designs.
A Yakan couple in a traditional wedding dance.
The Seputangan is the most intricate design worn by the women around their waist or as a head cloth. The Palipattang is patterned after the color of the rainbow while the bunga-sama, after the python. Almost every Yakan fabric can be described as unique since the finished materials are not exactly identical. Differences may be seen in the pattern or in the design or in the distribution of colors.
Contacts with settlers from Luzon, Visayas, and the American Peace Corps brought about changes in the art and style of weaving. Many resorted to using chemical dyes, which are more convenient, and started weaving table runners, placemats, wall decor, purses, and other items that are not present in a traditional Yakan house. In other words, Yakan communities, for economic reason, catered to the needs of their customers, demonstrating their trading acumen. New designs were introduced, such as kenna-kenna, patterned after a fish; dawen-dawen, after the leaf of a vine; pene mata-mata, after the shape of an eye or the kabang buddi, a diamond-shaped design.
Examples of Yakan art
Yards of Yakan cloth on display
A saddle panel made of wood with shell inlay
Another saddle panel made of wood with shell inlay
^"2010 Census of Population and Housing, Report No. 2A: Demographic and Housing Characteristics (Non-Sample Variables) - Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
^"2010 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING PHILIPPINES: Basilan" (PDF). 2010. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^"2010 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING ZAMBOANGA CITY" (PDF). 2010. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^de Jong, Ronald. "The last Tribes of Mindanao, the Yakan; Mountain Dwellers". ThingsAsian. Global Directions, Inc. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
^Charles O. Frake (2006). Chapter 14. The Cultural Construction of Rank, Identity and Ethnic Origins in the Sulu Archipelago: compiled by James J. Fox and Clifford Sather (2006) in Origins, Ancestry and Alliance: Explorations in Austronesian Ethnography. ANU Press.
^Study Skills in English for a Changing World' 2001 Ed. Rex Bookstore, Inc. pp. 23–. ISBN978-971-23-3225-8.
External links
World Culture Encyclopedia – Yakan
The Yakans of Basilan Island
"Yakan" by Gwendalene Ting
Zamboanga: Yakan Weavers of Basilan
Ethnologue report for Yakan language
Yakan Wordlist at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database
January 24, 2023
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This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Yakan people news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2020 The Yakan people are among the major indigenous Filipino ethnolinguistic groups in the Sulu Archipelago Having a significant number of followers of Islam it is considered one of the 13 Moro groups in the Philippines The Yakans mainly reside in Basilan but are also in Zamboanga City They speak a language known as Bissa Yakan which has characteristics of both Sama Bajau Sinama and Tausug Jundam 1983 7 8 It is written in the Malayan Arabic script with adaptations to sounds not present in Arabic Sherfan 1976 Yakan peopleStudents from the Datu Bantilan Dance Troupe in traditional Yakan costume with US Ambassador Kristie Kenney Total population202 314 2010 1 152 912 in Basilan 2 5 563 in Zamboanga City 3 Regions with significant populationsBasilan Zamboanga PeninsulaLanguagesYakan Tausug Zamboangueno Chavacano Cebuano Filipino EnglishReligionPredominantly IslamRelated ethnic groupsSama Bajau other Moros Lumad Visayans other Filipinos other Austronesian peoplesThe Yakan have a traditional horse culture They are renowned for their weaving traditions 4 Culturally they are Sama people who eventually led a life on land mostly in Basilan and Zamboanga city They are included as part of the Sama ethnic group which includes the Bajau Dilaut Kalibugan and other Sama groups 5 Contents 1 History 2 Examples of Yakan art 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditThe Yakans reside in the Sulu Archipelago situated to the west of Zamboanga in Mindanao Traditionally they wear colorful handwoven clothes The women wear tight fitting short blouses and both sexes wear narrowcut pants resembling breeches The women covers it partly with a wrap around material while the man wraps a sash like cloth around the waist where he places his weapon usually a long knife Nowadays most Yakans wear western clothes and use their traditional clothes only for cultural festivals Originally coming from the Champa Civilization in Mainland Southeast Asia they assimilated to local customs 6 The Spaniards called the Yakan Sameacas and considered them an aloof and sometimes hostile hill people Wulff 1978 149 Haylaya 1980 13 In the early 1970s some of the Yakan settled in Zamboanga City due to political unrest that led to armed conflict between militant Moro groups and government soldiers The Yakan Village in Upper Calarian is famous among local and foreign tourists because of their art of weaving Traditionally they have used plants such as pineapple and abaca converted into fibers as basic material for weaving Using herbal extracts from leaves roots and barks the Yakans dyed the fibers and produced colorful combinations and intricate designs A Yakan couple in a traditional wedding dance The Seputangan is the most intricate design worn by the women around their waist or as a head cloth The Palipattang is patterned after the color of the rainbow while the bunga sama after the python Almost every Yakan fabric can be described as unique since the finished materials are not exactly identical Differences may be seen in the pattern or in the design or in the distribution of colors Contacts with settlers from Luzon Visayas and the American Peace Corps brought about changes in the art and style of weaving Many resorted to using chemical dyes which are more convenient and started weaving table runners placemats wall decor purses and other items that are not present in a traditional Yakan house In other words Yakan communities for economic reason catered to the needs of their customers demonstrating their trading acumen New designs were introduced such as kenna kenna patterned after a fish dawen dawen after the leaf of a vine pene mata mata after the shape of an eye or the kabang buddi a diamond shaped design Examples of Yakan art Edit Yards of Yakan cloth on display A saddle panel made of wood with shell inlay Another saddle panel made of wood with shell inlay A weapon sword native to the Yakans called piraSee also EditT nalak AbacaReferences Edit 2010 Census of Population and Housing Report No 2A Demographic and Housing Characteristics Non Sample Variables Philippines PDF Philippine Statistics Authority Retrieved 19 May 2020 2010 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING PHILIPPINES Basilan PDF 2010 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help 2010 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING ZAMBOANGA CITY PDF 2010 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help de Jong Ronald The last Tribes of Mindanao the Yakan Mountain Dwellers ThingsAsian Global Directions Inc Retrieved 16 November 2018 Charles O Frake 2006 Chapter 14 The Cultural Construction of Rank Identity and Ethnic Origins in the Sulu Archipelago compiled by James J Fox and Clifford Sather 2006 in Origins Ancestry and Alliance Explorations in Austronesian Ethnography ANU Press Study Skills in English for a Changing World 2001 Ed Rex Bookstore Inc pp 23 ISBN 978 971 23 3225 8 External links EditNational Commission on Indigenous People The Yakan NCCA Yakan World Culture Encyclopedia Yakan The Yakans of Basilan Island Yakan by Gwendalene Ting Zamboanga Yakan Weavers of Basilan Ethnologue report for Yakan language Yakan Wordlist at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yakan people amp oldid 1135371276, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
