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Selena

April 19, 2023

This article is about the Tejano singer. For the name, see Selena (given name). For other uses, see Selena (disambiguation).

Selena Quintanilla Pérez (Spanish pronunciation: [seˈlena kintaˈniʝa ˈpeɾes]; April 16, 1971 – March 31, 1995), known mononymously as Selena, was an American Tejano singer. Called the "Queen of Tejano music", her contributions to music and fashion made her one of the most celebrated Mexican-American entertainers of the late 20th century. In 2020, Billboard magazine put her in third place on their list of "Greatest Latino Artists of All Time", based on both Latin albums and Latin songs chart.[3] Media outlets called her the "Tejano Madonna" for her clothing choices.[a] She also ranks among the most influential Latin artists of all time and is credited for catapulting the Tejano genre into the mainstream market.[8][9]

Selena
Selena in 1994
Born
Selena Quintanilla

(1971-04-16)April 16, 1971
Lake Jackson, Texas, U.S.
DiedMarch 31, 1995(1995-03-31) (aged 23)
Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.
Cause of deathMurder (gunshot wound)
Resting placeSeaside Memorial Park, Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.
MonumentsMirador de la Flor
Other namesSelena Quintanilla Pérez[1][2]
Alma materPacific Western University (BBA)
Occupations
  • Singer
  • fashion designer
Spouse
​
(m. 1992)​
Parent
Relatives
AwardsFull list
Musical career
Genres
Years active1981–1995
Labels
Formerly of
Websiteq-productions.com
Signature

The youngest child of the Quintanilla family, she debuted on the music scene as a member of the band Selena y Los Dinos, which also included her elder siblings A.B. Quintanilla and Suzette Quintanilla. In the 1980s, she was often criticized and was refused bookings at venues across Texas for performing Tejano music—a male-dominated music genre. However, her popularity grew after she won the Tejano Music Award for Female Vocalist of the Year in 1987, which she won nine consecutive times. She signed with EMI Latin in 1989 and released her self-titled debut album the same year, while her brother became her principal music producer and songwriter.

Selena released Entre a Mi Mundo (1992), which peaked at number one on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart for eight consecutive months. The album's commercial success led music critics to call it the "breakthrough" recording of her musical career. One of its singles, "Como la Flor", became one of her most popular signature songs. Live! (1993) won Best Mexican/American Album at the 1994 Grammy Awards, becoming the first recording by a female Tejano artist to do so. In 1994, she released Amor Prohibido, which became one of the best-selling Latin albums in the United States. It was critically acclaimed as being responsible for Tejano music's first marketable era as it became one of the most popular Latin music subgenres at the time.

Selena was shot and killed on March 31, 1995, by Yolanda Saldívar, her friend and the former manager of her Selena Etc. boutiques. Saldívar was cornered by police when she attempted to flee and threatened to kill herself but was convinced to give herself up. She was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison with possible parole after 30 years. Two weeks later, George W. Bush, then-governor of Texas, declared April 16 as Selena Day in Texas. Her posthumous crossover album, Dreaming of You (1995), debuted atop the Billboard 200, making Selena the first Latin artist to accomplish this feat. In 1997, Warner Bros. released Selena, a film about her life and career, which starred a then-unknown Jennifer Lopez as Selena, catapulting Lopez into fame. In 2020, Netflix released Selena: The Series starring Christian Serratos. Selena has sold around 18 million records worldwide, making her one of the best-selling female artists in Latin music.[10]

Life and career

1971–1988: Early life and career beginnings

Selena Quintanilla was born on April 16, 1971, in Lake Jackson, Texas.[11] She was the youngest child of Marcella Ofelia Quintanilla (née Samora) who had Cherokee ancestry[12] and Abraham Quintanilla Jr., a Mexican American former musician.[13] The obstetrician-gynecologist at her birth was future House of Representatives member Ron Paul.[14] Selena was raised as a Jehovah's Witness.[15] Quintanilla Jr. noticed her musical abilities when she was six years old. He told People magazine, "Her timing, her pitch were perfect, I could see it from day one". In 1980 in Lake Jackson, Quintanilla Jr. opened his first Tex-Mex restaurant, Papa Gayo's, where Selena and her siblings Abraham III (on bass guitar) and Suzette Quintanilla (on drums) would often perform.[16] The following year, the restaurant was forced to close after a recession caused by the 1980s oil glut. The family declared bankruptcy and were evicted from their home.[16][17] They settled in Corpus Christi, Texas; Quintanilla Jr. became manager of the newly formed band Selena y Los Dinos and began promoting it.[5][16][18] They needed the money and played on street corners, weddings, quinceañeras, and fairs.[16][19]

As her popularity as a singer grew, the demands of Selena's performance and travel schedule began to interfere with her education. Her father took her out of school when she was in the eighth grade.[20] Her teacher Marilyn Greer disapproved of Selena's musical career. She threatened to report Quintanilla Jr. to the Texas Board of Education, believing the conditions to which Selena was exposed were inappropriate for a girl her age. Quintanilla Jr. told Greer to "mind her business". Other teachers expressed their concerns when they noticed how tired Selena appeared when she arrived at school.[21] At seventeen, Selena earned a high school diploma from the American School of Correspondence in Chicago[22] and was also accepted at Louisiana State University.[23] She enrolled at Pacific Western University, taking up business administration as her major subject.[24]

Quintanilla Jr. refurbished an old bus; he named it "Big Bertha" and the family used it as their tour bus. In the first years of touring, the family sang for food and barely had enough money to pay for gasoline.[25] In 1984, Selena recorded her first LP record, Selena y Los Dinos, for Freddie Records.[26] Despite wanting to record English-language songs, Selena recorded Tejano music compositions; a male-dominated, Spanish-language genre[27] with German influences[28] of polka, jazz, and country music, popularized by Mexicans living in the United States.[29]

Quintanilla Jr. believed that Selena should record musical compositions related to her heritage.[30] During the recording sessions for the album, Selena had to learn Spanish phonetically with guidance from her father.[31] In 1985, to promote the album, Selena appeared on the Johnny Canales Show, a popular Spanish-language radio program, on which she continued to appear for several years. Selena was discovered by musician Rudy Trevino, founder of the Tejano Music Awards, where she won the Female Vocalist of the Year award in 1987 and for nine consecutive years after.[32]

The band was often turned down by Texas music venues because of the members' ages and because Selena was their lead singer.[33] Her father was often told by promoters that Selena would never be successful because she was a woman in a genre historically dominated by men.[34] By 1988, Selena had released five more LP records; Alpha (1986), Munequito de Trapo (1987), And the Winner Is... (1987), Preciosa (1988), and Dulce Amor (1988).[35]

1989–1991: Selena, Ven Conmigo, and relationship with Chris Pérez

 
Chris Pérez (pictured in 2012) and Selena began a relationship, despite her father's disapproval

José Behar of newly formed label EMI Latin Records, together with the new head of Sony Music Latin, watched Selena perform at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards. Behar was searching for new Latin acts and wanted to sign Selena to EMI's label Capitol Records, while Sony Music Latin offered Quintanilla Jr. twice Capitol's signing fee.[36] Behar thought he had discovered the "next Gloria Estefan" but his superior called Behar illogical because he had been in South Texas less than a week.[20][37] Quintanilla Jr. chose EMI Latin's offer because of the potential for a crossover album and wanted his children to be the first musicians to sign to the label.[38]

Before Selena began recording for her debut album, Behar and Stephen Finfer requested a crossover album for her.[39] She recorded three English-language compositions for the heads of EMI's pop division. Behar and Finfer's request for a crossover album was denied and Selena was told she needed a bigger fan base to sell such an album.[40] Behar thought EMI Records and the public did not believe that a Mexican American woman could have "crossover potential" after Charles Koppelman denied the project.[37]

Selena released her self-titled debut album on October 17, 1989. The singer recorded most of the songs at AMEN Studios in San Antonio, Texas; "Sukiyaki" and "My Love" were recorded at Sunrise Studios in Houston. Selena wrote "My Love" and wanted the song to be included on the album. Her brother A.B., became Selena's principal record producer and songwriter for most of her musical career,[41] though did not write the tracks "Sukiyaki", "Contigo Quiero Estar", and "No Te Vayas". "Sukiyaki" was originally recorded in Japanese in the 1960s by Kyu Sakamoto; Selena used a translation into Spanish of an English version of the song by Janice Marie Johnson.[42] Selena peaked at number seven on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart,[43] becoming Selena's first recording to debut on a national music chart. The album performed better than other recordings from other contemporaneous female Tejano singers.[44]

In the same year, Coca-Cola wanted Selena to become one of their spokespeople in Texas.[24] The jingle used in her first two commercials for the company was composed by A.B. and Chris Pérez—the latter of whom had joined Selena y Los Dinos several months earlier as the band's new guitarist.[45] Pérez began having romantic feelings for Selena, despite having a girlfriend in San Antonio.[46] After a trip down to Mexico with the band, Pérez thought it would be best for them both to distance themselves, but he found that impossible and chose to try to build a relationship with her.[47] They expressed their feelings for each other at a Pizza Hut restaurant and shortly afterward became a couple.[48][49] Pérez and Selena hid their relationship, fearing Quintanilla Jr. would try to break it up.[50][51]

Selena released her second studio album, Ven Conmigo, in September 1990. Three tracks from Ven Conmigo were released as singles; "Ya Ves", "La Tracalera", and "Baila Esta Cumbia".[52] The latter, a Tejano cumbia song, became one of Selena's most successful single. Its popularity grew in Mexico, where a compilation album bearing the single's name was released there, which was certified platinum by the Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas (AMPROFON), denoting sales of 150,000 units.[53][54]

A registered nurse and fan named Yolanda Saldívar asked Quintanilla Jr. to start a fan club in San Antonio.[55] Saldívar had the idea after she had attended one of Selena's concerts. Quintanilla Jr. approved Saldívar's request; he believed the fan club would bring more exposure for the band. Saldívar soon became a close friend to Selena and the family; she was trusted and became the acting president of the fan club in 1991.[56] That same year, Salvadoran singer Álvaro Torres composed a duet he wanted to record with Selena. The song, "Buenos Amigos", was produced by Enrique Elizondo and was released on Torres' tenth studio album Nada Se Compara Contigo (1991).[57]

"Buenos Amigos" peaked at number one on the US Billboard Top Latin Songs chart, giving Selena her first number-one single. The song's music video earned Selena and Torres two nominations at the 1992 Billboard Music Awards.[58] The track was also nominated for Duo of the Year at the 1992 Tejano Music Awards.[59] Biographer Deborah Parédez wrote that the track enabled Selena to tour the west and east coasts of the United States.[60] According to John Lannert of Billboard magazine, "Buenos Amigos" was helped by increased airplay on regional Mexican and Tejano radio stations, which had previously dismissed Selena's recordings.[61]

1992–1993: Elopement, Entre a Mi Mundo, and Selena Live

 
Trademark logo used by Selena

Selena's sister Suzette claimed to caught Selena and Pérez flirting with each other and immediately informed their father.[62][b] Quintanilla Jr. took Pérez off the bus and told him his relationship with Selena was over.[63] Selena and Pérez continued their relationship despite Quintanilla Jr's disapproval;[64][65] Selena's mother Marcella approved of their relationship.[66] Quintanilla Jr. saw Selena and Pérez romantically together on the bus after he informed them of his disapproval; he pulled over and an argument between him and Selena ensued. He called Pérez a "cancer in my family" and threatened to disband the group if they continued their relationship.[67]

Selena and Pérez relented; Quintanilla Jr. fired Pérez from the band and prevented Selena from leaving with him.[68] After his dismissal, Pérez and Selena secretly continued their relationship. On the morning of April 2, 1992, Selena and Pérez decided to elope, believing Quintanilla Jr. would never approve of their relationship.[67][69] Selena thought her father would have to accept them if they were married and would not have to hide their feelings for each other. Within hours of their marriage, the media announced the couple's elopement.[70]

Selena's family tried to find her; Quintanilla Jr. did not take the news well and alienated himself for some time.[70] Selena and Pérez moved into an apartment in Corpus Christi.[71] In interviews, Quintanilla Jr. expressed how he feared Pérez could be a machista (Spanish for a male chauvinist), who would force Selena to end her career and music goals, a move that prevented Quintanilla Jr. to accept Pérez as being suitable for Selena at the time.[72] Quintanilla Jr. later approached Pérez, apologized, accepted the marriage, and took Pérez back into the band.[73]

A month after her elopement, Selena released her third studio album, Entre a Mi Mundo, in May 1992. The album was critically acclaimed as her "breakthrough album".[74][75][76] The recording peaked at number one on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart for eight consecutive months;[77] it was certified 10× platinum by the RIAA for sales of 600,000 album-equivalent units,[78] while in Mexico, the album sold 385,000 units.[79] Entre a Mi Mundo became the first Tejano album by a female artist to sell over 300,000 copies.[c]

Selena was booked for a high-profile border press tour in Monterrey, Mexico, with music media figures in a meet-and-greet conference. At the time, Tejanos were looked down on as "hayseed pochos" among Mexican citizens. The singer's Spanish was far from fluent;[81] EMI Latin executives were "terrified" about the singer's limited Spanish during the press conference for the album in Mexico.[82] According to Patoski, Selena "played her cards right" during the conference and won over the Mexican media after newspapers hailed her as "an artist of the people". The newspapers found her to be a refreshing change from Mexican telenovela actors "who were fair-skinned, blond-haired, and green-eyed."[83]

After her publicity press, Selena was booked to play at several concerts throughout Mexico, including a performance at Festival Acapulco in May 1993, which garnered her critical acclaim.[84] Her performance in Nuevo Leon on September 17, 1993, was attended by 70,000 people, garnering her the title of the biggest Tejano act in Mexico.[83] The album produced four singles; "Como la Flor", "¿Qué Creías?", "La Carcacha", and "Amame". "Como la Flor" became Selena's signature recording;[85] it was critically acclaimed by music critics as a career launcher for Selena.[86]

"Como la Flor" helped Selena to dominate the Latin music charts and become immensely popular in Mexico — where Mexican-Americans were generally not liked among citizens — which was well received by critics.[87] The track was nominated for Song of the Year at the 1993 Tejano Music Awards.[88] The single peaked at number six on the US Billboard Top Latin Songs chart.[89] In 1994, Entre a Mi Mundo ranked as the second best-selling regional Mexican album of all-time.[90]

Selena released Live! a year after Entre a Mi Mundo; it was recorded during a free concert at the Memorial Coliseum in Corpus Christi, on February 7, 1993.[91] The album included previously released tracks that were sung live and three studio recordings; "No Debes Jugar", "La Llamada", and "Tú Robaste Mi Corazón" — a duet with Tejano musician Emilio Navaira. The tracks "No Debes Jugar" and "La Llamada" peaked within the top five on the US Billboard Top Latin Songs chart.[92] Live! won the Grammy Award for Best Mexican/American Album at the 36th Grammy Awards.[80]

In May 1994, Live! was named Album of the Year by the Billboard Latin Music Awards.[93] At the 1994 Tejano Music Awards, Live! won Album of the Year,[94] while at the 1994 Lo Nuestro Awards, it was nominated for Regional Mexican Album of the Year.[95] Live! was certified gold by the RIAA for shipments of 500,000 copies, while in Mexico it sold 250,000 units.[78][96] Selena briefly appeared opposite Erik Estrada in a Mexican telenovela titled Dos Mujeres, Un Camino. In 1995 she entered negotiations to star in another telenovela produced by Emilio Larrosa. She appeared in two episodes, which garnered record ratings for the series.[55]

1994–1995: Fashion venture, film debut, and Amor Prohibido

 
The logo used by Selena for her boutiques

Aside from music, in 1994 Selena began designing and manufacturing a line of clothing; she opened two boutiques called Selena Etc., one in Corpus Christi and the other in San Antonio. Both were equipped with in-house beauty salons.[97] By the end of 1994, Selena Etc. had held two fashion shows to showcase their clothing line. Selena (alongside her band, Selena y Los Dinos) held a concert after Selena Etc.'s second fashion show on December 3, 1994, at the Hemisfair Arena in San Antonio. She was in negotiations to open more stores in Monterrey, Mexico, and Puerto Rico.[98] Saldívar managed both boutiques after the Quintanilla family were impressed with the way she managed the fan club.[99]

Hispanic Business magazine reported that the singer earned over five million dollars from these boutiques.[100] She was ranked among the twentieth-wealthiest Hispanic musicians who grossed the highest income in 1993 and 1994.[101] Selena released her fourth studio album, Amor Prohibido, in March 1994. The recording debuted at number three on the US Billboard Top Latin Albums chart[102] and number one on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums charts.[103] After peaking at number one on the Top Latin Albums, the album remained in the top five for the rest of the year and into early 1995.[104]

Amor Prohibido became the second Tejano album to reach year-end sales of 500,000 copies, which had previously only been accomplished by La Mafia.[105][106] It became one of the best-selling Latin albums in the United States.[107][108] Amor Prohibido spawned four number-one singles; the title track, "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom", "No Me Queda Más", and "Fotos y Recuerdos".[d] Amor Prohibido was among the best selling U.S. albums of 1995,[111] and has been certified 36× platinum by the RIAA for sales of 2.16 million album-equivalent units in the United States.[78] The album was named on Tom Moon's list of the 1,000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die: A Listener's Life List (2008).[112]

Amor Prohibido popularized Tejano music among a younger and wider audience than at any other time in the genre's history.[113][114] The two singles, "Amor Prohibido" and "No Me Queda Más", were the most successful US Latin singles of 1994 and 1995, respectively.[115][116] The album's commercial success led to a Grammy nomination for Best Mexican/American Album at the 37th Grammy Awards in 1995.[117] It won Record of the Year at the 1995 Tejano Music Awards[94] and Regional/Mexican Album of the Year at the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards.[105] Selena was named "one of Latin music's most successful touring acts" during her Amor Prohibido tour.[118]

After Amor Prohibido's release, Selena was considered "bigger than Tejano itself", and broke barriers in the Latin music world.[119] She was called the "Queen of Tejano music" by many media outlets.[e] Billboard magazine ranked Amor Prohibido among the most essential Latin recordings of the past 50 years[126] and included it on its list of the top 100 albums of all-time.[127] In 2017, NPR ranked Amor Prohibido at number 19 on their list of the 150 greatest albums made by women.[128] Sales of the album and its titular single represented Tejano music's first commercial success in Puerto Rico.[119] Selena recorded a duet titled "Donde Quiera Que Estés" with the Barrio Boyzz, which was released on their album of the same name in 1994. The song reached number one on the Top Latin Songs chart,[129] which enabled Selena to tour in New York City, Argentina, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Central America, where she was not well known.[130][131]

In late 1994, EMI chairman Charles Koppelman decided Selena had achieved her goals in the Spanish-speaking market. He wanted to promote her as an English-language solo pop artist. Selena continued touring while EMI began preparing the crossover album, engaging Grammy Award-winning composers.[132] By the time Selena performed to a record-breaking, sold-out concert at the Houston Astrodome in February 1995, work had already begun on her crossover album.[132] In 1995, she made a cameo appearance in Don Juan DeMarco, which starred Marlon Brando, Johnny Depp, and Faye Dunaway.[133]

Murder

Main articles: Murder of Selena and Trial of Yolanda Saldívar

The Quintanilla family appointed Yolanda Saldívar as manager of Selena's boutiques in early 1994.[56] Eight months later, Selena signed Saldívar as her registered agent in San Antonio, Texas. After the agreement, Saldívar moved from San Antonio to Corpus Christi to be closer to Selena.[99] In December 1994, the boutiques began to suffer after the number of staff for both stores had decreased.[134] According to staff members, Saldívar often dismissed employees she disliked. Employees at the stores regularly complained about Saldívar's behavior to Selena, who dismissed the claims, believing Saldívar would not negatively impose erratic decisions on Selena's fashion venture.[135]

According to Quintanilla Jr., the staff later turned their attention to him and began informing him about Saldívar's behavior. Quintanilla Jr. took the claims seriously; he told Selena to "be careful" and said Saldívar might not be a good influence. Selena dismissed her father's inquiries because he had often distrusted people in the past.[135] By January 1995, Selena's fashion designer Martin Gomez, her cousin Debra Ramirez, and clients had expressed their concerns over Saldívar's behavior and management skills.[135][136] During an interview with Saldívar in 1995, reporters from The Dallas Morning News said her devotion to Selena bordered on obsession.[99]

According to Quintanilla Jr., in January 1995, he began receiving telephone calls from fans who said they had paid for membership in the Selena fan club and had received nothing in return for it, and he began an investigation.[137] Quintanilla Jr. discovered that Saldívar had embezzled more than $30,000 via forged checks from both the fan club and the boutiques.[137][138] Quintanilla Jr. held a meeting with Selena and Suzette on the night of March 9 at Q-Productions to confront Saldívar. Quintanilla Jr. presented Saldívar with the inconsistencies about the disappeared funds. Quintanilla Jr. told her that if she did not provide evidence that disproved his accusations, he would involve the local police. Quintanilla Jr. banned Saldívar from having any contact with Selena. However, Selena did not want to dissolve their friendship; she thought Saldívar was essential to the success of the clothing line in Mexico. Selena also wanted to keep her close because she had bank records, statements, and financial records necessary for tax preparation.[137]

In the days before Selena's death, Saldívar delayed handing over the bank statements and financial records by saying she had been physically and sexually assaulted in Mexico.[20] Saldívar, along with Selena, appeared at a medical clinic on March 31, 1995, ostensibly to have Saldívar examined for an assault which she claimed happened to her in Monterrey.[f] During that visit, Saldívar was given a brief physical examination by the clinic's doctor, but this did not include a gynecological exam specifically done in cases of sexual assault. It was suggested by nurse Carla Anthony that Saldívar needed to have the rape exam in San Antonio for three reasons: Saldívar was a resident of San Antonio, the clinic they were currently at was in Corpus Christi, and the assault occurred in Mexico.[139]

Afterward, Selena again met with Saldívar in her motel room at the Days Inn in Corpus Christi.[5] At the motel, Selena demanded the financial papers. At 11:48 a.m. (CST), Saldívar got a gun from her purse[140] and pointed it at Selena. As Selena attempted to flee, Saldívar shot her once on the right lower shoulder, severing the subclavian artery and causing a severe loss of blood. Critically wounded, Selena ran towards the lobby, leaving a 392-foot (119 m)-long trail of blood.[141] She collapsed on the floor as the clerk called the emergency services, with Saldívar still chasing after her and calling her a "bitch".[142] Before collapsing, Selena named Saldívar as her assailant and gave the number of the room where she had been shot.[143] Meanwhile, Saldívar attempted to leave in her pickup truck. She was spotted by a responding police cruiser.[141] She surrendered after a nearly nine-and-a-half-hour standoff with police and the FBI.[5] By that time hundreds of fans had gathered at the scene. Many wept as police took Saldívar away.[5][141]

Selena was taken to the Corpus Christi Memorial Hospital at 12:00 p.m. (CST). Her pupils were fixed and dilated, there was no evidence of neurological function, she had no vital signs,[144] and was declared clinically brain dead.[145] Dr. Louis Elkins, cardiac surgeon, arrived at Memorial Hospital and said he saw doctors making "heroic efforts" to revive Selena.[145] They were able to establish an "erratic heartbeat" long enough to transfer her to the trauma room,[146] and began blood transfusions in an attempt to re-establish blood circulation after opening Selena's chest and finding massive internal bleeding.[141] By the time Elkins arrived, an emergency doctor began "massaging her heart" after it had stopped beating.[147] Elkins reported how all efforts were futile and said had he been the receiving doctor, he would not have made any treatments on Selena. He felt "obligated to continue" after the emergency room doctor made the decision to reanimate the singer.[148] After 50 minutes of surgery, she was pronounced dead from blood loss and cardiac arrest at 1:05 p.m. (CST).[141][149]

An autopsy was performed on the same day due to the overwhelming media response.[150] It revealed that the bullet had entered Selena's upper right back, near her shoulder blade, passed through her chest cavity, severed the right subclavian artery, and exited her right upper chest.[141] Her official cause of death was described as "exsanguinaiting internal and external hemorrhage due to perforating gunshot wound" resulting in "massive bleeding".[2] The internal examination revealed that she had not ingested any type of drug, nor was she pregnant,[151] which was a rumor that began spreading after her death.[152]

Funeral

 
Selena's grave at Seaside Memorial Park in Corpus Christi, Texas

On April 1, Bayfront Plaza in Corpus Christi held a vigil which drew 3,000 fans.[153][154] During the event, it was announced that a public viewing of the casket would be held at the Bayfront Auditorium the following day. Fans lined up for almost a 1 mile (1.6 km).[153] An hour before the doors opened, rumors that the casket was empty began circulating, which prompted the Quintanilla family to have an open-casket viewing.[155][156] About 30,000 to 40,000 fans passed by Selena's casket.[156][157][158] More than 78,000 signed a book of condolence.[159] Flowers for the casket viewing were imported from The Netherlands. At the request of Selena's family, video and flash photography was banned.[160]

On April 3, 1995, six hundred guests—mostly family members—attended Selena's burial at Seaside Memorial Park in Corpus Christi, Texas,[161] which was broadcast live by a Corpus Christi and San Antonio radio station without the consent of her family. A Jehovah's Witness minister from Lake Jackson preached in English, quoting Paul the Apostle's words in 1 Corinthians 15. Hundreds of people began circling the area in their vehicles.[162] Among the celebrities who attended Selena's funeral were Roberto Pulido, Bobby Pulido, David Lee Garza, Navaira, Laura Canales, Elsa Garcia, La Mafia, Ram Herrera, Imagen Latina, and Pete Astudillo.[163] A special mass held the same day at Los Angeles Sports Arena drew a crowd of 4,000.[164]

Impact

Selena's murder had a widespread impact. Reactions to her death were compared to those following the deaths of musicians John Lennon and Elvis Presley and that of U.S. president John F. Kennedy.[80][165] Major television networks interrupted their regular programming to break the news - Tom Brokaw referred to Selena as "The Mexican Madonna".[166] Her death was front-page news in The New York Times for two days.[167] Many vigils and memorials were held in her honor, and radio stations in Texas played her music non-stop.[168] Her funeral drew 60,000 mourners, many of whom traveled from outside the United States.[168]

The news struck the Hispanic community extremely hard. Many fans traveled thousands of miles to see Selena's house and boutiques, and the crime scene.[169][170] By mid-afternoon, police were asked to form a detour because a line of cars began backing up traffic from the Quintanillas' houses.[171] Among the celebrities who contacted the Quintanilla family to express their condolences were Gloria Estefan, Celia Cruz, Julio Iglesias, and Madonna.[172] Other celebrities—including Stefani Montiel, Jaime DeAnda (of Los Chamacos), and Shelly Lares—appeared on radio stations to express their thoughts about Selena's death.[173]

An issue of People magazine was released several days after her murder. Its publishers believed interest would soon wane. They released a commemorative issue within a week when it became clear it was growing. The issue sold nearly a million copies,[174] selling the entire first and second print runs within two weeks. It became a collector's item, a first in the history of People. Betty Cortina, an editor of People, told Biography they never had an issue that was completely sold out; "it was unheard of". In the following months, the company released People en Español aimed at the Hispanic market, due to the success of the Selena issue.[175] This was followed by Newsweek en Espanol and Latina magazine.[176]

A few days later, Howard Stern mocked Selena's murder and burial, poked fun at her mourners, and criticized her music. Stern said, "This music does absolutely nothing for me. Alvin and the Chipmunks have more soul ... Spanish people have the worst taste in music. They have no depth." Stern's comments outraged and infuriated the Hispanic community in Texas.[177] Stern played Selena's songs with gunshots in the background on his show.[178][179] After a disorderly conduct arrest warrant was issued in his name, Stern made an on-air statement, in Spanish, saying his comments were not made to cause "more anguish to her family, friends and those who loved her".[180][181] Stern was not formally charged. The League of United Latin American Citizens boycotted Stern's show, finding his apology unacceptable.[182]

Texas retailers removed any products that were related to Stern, while Sears and McDonald's sent a letter stating their disapproval of Stern's comments to the media because some fans believed the companies sponsored Stern's show.[183] Within a week, on NBC's The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Stern and Robin Quivers (his co-host) were asked whether Stern's remarks about Selena were acceptable. Quivers decided not to talk about the situation to avoid arguing with Stern. When Linda Ronstadt—a pop singer of Mexican-American heritage—appeared on the show, she and Quivers argued when Ronstadt defended Selena.[184]

On April 12, 1995, two weeks after Selena's death, George W. Bush, governor of Texas at the time, declared her birthday, April 16, Selena Day in the state.[24][185] He said Selena represented "the essence of south Texas culture."[186] Some European Americans in Texas wrote to the editor of the Brazosport Facts during April and May, asking what the big deal was; some were offended that Selena Day fell on Easter. Others said, "Easter is more important than Selena Day", and that they believed people should let Selena rest in peace and continue with their lives.[187] Mexican Americans in Texas wrote vociferously to the newspaper. Some said others were too critical of Selena Day, and should not have responded so rudely.[188]

In October 1995, a Houston jury convicted Saldívar of first-degree murder and she was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 30 years in 2025.[189] Life with the possibility of parole was the maximum prison term allowed in Texas that could be imposed at the time.[190] In 2002, under a judge's order, the gun used to kill Selena was destroyed and the pieces were thrown into Corpus Christi Bay.[191][192] Fans and historians disapproved of the decision to destroy the gun, saying the event was historical and the gun should have been in a museum.[24]

Artistry

Selena possessed a soprano vocal range.[193] In an April 1995 interview with Billboard magazine, Behar said he saw Selena as a "cross between Janet Jackson and Whitney Houston in style, feel, and vocal range".[194] Although Selena did not write most of her songs, she incorporated R&B,[195] Latin pop, technopop,[196] country and western, and disco into her Tejano music repertoire.[197] Mario Tarradell of The Dallas Morning News said that during her music career, Selena "merges Tejano's infectious cumbia rhythm with street-savvy R&B, old-school soul, dancehall reggae, sizzling salsa, and trippy, loopy funk".[198] Selena's recordings expressed "love and pain, as well as strength and passion", according to Charles Tatum.[199]

She also recorded independently driven, female-empowerment-themed compositions; "Si La Quieres", "¿Qué Creías?", "Ya Ves" and "Ya No", which centered around inappropriate relationships and recovery from domestic violence.[200] Peter Watrous of The New York Times said Selena's voice "sometimes quivered", and that she "roughed it up a bit". He continued, "[a]t its best, it had a coolness, a type of unadorned passion".[201] Ilan Stavans called her music "cursi-melodramatic, cheesy, overemotional, not too far from Juan Gabriel and a relative of Iglesias".[202] Richard Corliss of Time magazine said her songs "are perky, cheerful rather than soulful", and that earlier recordings, "with their tinny, Tijuana Brass charts, and keyboards that evoke calliopes are ideal for the fairground or merry-go-round". Corliss calls Selena's singing an "expert mimicry of everything from Édith Piaf's melodramatic contralto to the coloratura riffs of Mariah Carey. But the sounds are still lightly Hispanic."[203]

 
"Dreaming of You" (1995)
"Dreaming of You", an English-language recording, became one of four English cuts Selena recorded for her crossover from Spanish into English pop music.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Newsweek magazine called Selena's English-language recordings "a blend of urban pop and Latin warmth".[204] According to Texas Monthly, Selena's brother modernized her music into a more "funk and hip hop" sound.[205] Selena's use of emotive range during her musical career has been praised by critics as being her trademark.[206][207] A.B. wrote increasingly cumbia-influenced songs for Ven Conmigo (1990); Ramiro Burr of Billboard said Selena and her band had "evolved a rhythmic style that demonstrated its increasing prowess for catchy cumbias such as 'Baila Esta Cumbia' and the title track".[208] Italian essayist Gaetano Prampolini wrote that "Selena's voice projected a sonorous warmth and joyfulness" during his review of Selena's cumbia recordings.[209] In his review of the remix album Enamorada de Ti (2012), Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic wrote that Selena's songs were "rooted in the '90s and sound that way".[210]

Public image

Quintanilla Jr. sought to maintain Selena's image clean and family-oriented.[211] In 1989, she was offered sponsorship from beer companies but her father turned them down.[175] Selena was often refused gigs at Tejano venues because she was a female singer in a male-dominated music scene.[212] Manuel Peña wrote that after 1989, Selena's popularity increased and she became a sex icon following the release of her debut album.[211] Charles Tatum said Selena drew most attention from her "beauty, sexuality, and youthful impact on the Tejano music scene".[199]

Selena said she never wanted to record explicit songs because of her upbringing and because her fan base consisted largely of young children, who regarded her as a role model. She further commented on the question of her sexual appeal to men during her crossover attempt, asserting that she will "stay the same" and that her English-language recordings will refrain from foul language and sexual themes.[213] In 1997, María Celeste Arrarás wrote in her book about Selena's death that the singer was a "sweet and charismatic girl".[214] According to Arrarás, Selena "trusted everyone"; she often went shopping alone, despite her father's concerns over her safety.[215]

Betty Cortina of People magazine said Selena's provocative choice of clothing was an acceptable emulation of Janet Jackson and Madonna, and that she wore "sexy outfits that [accentuated] a body of a Latina woman".[175][216] Cortina also stated that Selena had a "flamboyant style, an unbelievable body, curves and booty".[175] Arrarás wrote that Selena "began wearing clothes designed to emphasize her curvaceous figure" and that she "never came across as cheap—simply sexy". She also said Selena's makeup regimen was not being "painted up or vulgar".[217] Arrarás also noted Selena's "fun-loving stage manner" and said she was "playful onstage and off".[218]

Matt S. Meier wrote in his book The Mexican American Experience: An Encyclopedia (2010) that Selena exhibited "contagious energy" during her concerts and said she displayed "warmth, passion, and sexuality" while exuding a "down-to-earth persona of the wholesome young girl next door".[219] Selena wore outfits that accented her physical attributes and was not afraid to wear outfits she liked,[175] despite criticism from parents who thought Selena's choice of outfits were inappropriate for young girls, who began emulating Selena.[220] Her views on public image in the fashion industry were bothersome; she said she was opposed to the image that all woman should be "rail-thin" and the notion that they must wear certain outfits and be "super-young to be beautiful".[221]

In the early 1990s, Selena began wearing decorative bustiers, spandex or tight pants, and attractive, unbuttoned jackets during her concerts. She was inspired by Paula Abdul, Janet Jackson, and Madonna.[220] During a 1992 interview, Selena said her choice of clothing does not reflect her personality.[175] NBC News called Selena's outfit "provocative".[222] Because of her choices of outfits and dance moves, she was named by her fans as the "Mexican Madonna".[223][224] According to Suzette, Selena often designed and sewed her outfits backstage with her designers, moments before she was due on stage. Quintanilla Jr. disapproved of Selena's outfits, but he later accepted it when Selena discussed it being a fashion trend.[175]

Selena became an inactive member of the Jehovah's Witnesses due to her exotic clothing.[225] During the photo shoot for Entre a Mi Mundo (1992), a photographer remarked on the ways Selena's choice of clothing affected Quintanilla Jr. tremendously; he often left sessions when Selena appeared in revealing outfits.[226] Selena was credited as the first woman to change public perceptions of feminine beauty in the Tejano market; a feminist, she blazed a trail for other female artists during her career.[175][227]

Following Selena's death, some celebrities questioned her status as a role model among Hispanic women. In her 1999 documentary about the singer, filmmaker Lourdes Portillo expressed concerns whether Selena was a great role model for young women.[228] Portillo believed Selena was sending the wrong message to young girls by dancing in clothing that suggested hypersexualization.[229] American author Sandra Cisneros agreed with Portillo's assessment that Selena was "not a good role model to Latina women".[230] Media outlets also shared Portillo's views; they said the "fairy tale story" of Selena was one that her family would want to preserve, questioning Quintanilla Jr.'s role for pushing an image that Selena had "never made mistakes" into the media, calling it "lies" and "not the real story".[231][232]

Philanthropy

During her childhood, Selena helped organizations such as Toys for Tots.[153] She was active in the U.S. Latino community, visiting local schools to talk to students about the importance of education.[233] At Fulmore Junior High School in Austin, she educated two hundred high school students about positive attitudes and setting life-goals in their adult lives.[153] Selena urged children to stay in school, and that alcohol and drugs will lead them nowhere in life.[234] She spent her free time helping her community. Selena performed in Washington, D.C. to celebrate the forming of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus.[233] Following the aftermath of Hurricane Andrew, Selena helped victims in Florida by performing at a Houston benefit concert.[233][130]

In August 1994, Selena hosted a charity baseball game to raise money for unspecified charities.[235] She also donated her time to civic organizations such as D.A.R.E. and planned a fundraising concert to help AIDS patients. Selena participated with the Texas Prevention Partnership which was sponsored by the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse (Dep Corporation), which released an educational video that was sent to students for free. Her pro-education videos included "My Music" and "Selena Agrees". She was in the works for a Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas Boys & Girls Clubs of America benefit concert.[24]

In January 1995, Selena headlined the Teach the Children festival in San Antonio. The concert funded a non-profit program to provide school supplies to needy children.[130] Selena was a spokesperson for women in abusive relationships.[236] She also helped out at homeless shelters.[130] According to the A&E television series Biography, Selena's fans were often minorities; she encouraged them to make the most of their lives.[175]

Legacy

Selena has been credited for helping redefine Latin music[237] and its subgenres of Tejano,[238][239] cumbia, and Latin pop.[240][241] Selena broke barriers in the Latin music world.[193][242][243] She is considered "one of the most significant Mexican-American singers of the end of the twentieth century".[244] People magazine named Selena one of the most intriguing people of the 20th century.[245] US Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison named Selena one of "the spirited women who shaped [the United States]."[246]

Selena became one of the "most celebrated cultural products" of the United States-Mexico borderlands.[247] Selena was called the "Queen of Tejano music", and was described as "the most important and popular Tejano star of all time".[248] Her death was "the most devastating loss" in Tejano music history, according to Zach Quaintance of The Monitor.[243] At the time of her death, Selena became one of the most widely known Mexican-American vocal artists[249][250] and the most popular Latin artist in the United States.[250] She had a "cult-like" following among Hispanics.[251]

Selena has been named one of the most influential Latin artists of all-time and has been credited for elevating a music genre into the mainstream market.[8][9] Latin Post called the singer "one of the most iconic artists in Latin American music history",[252] while The New York Times called her "arguably the most important Latina musician in the country, on her way to becoming one of the most important, period."[253] Selena became a household name in the United States and Mexico following her death and became part of the American pop culture.[253][254] She became more popular in death than when she was alive.[255]

After her death, her popularity among the Hispanic population was compared to those of Marilyn Monroe and Madonna in Anglo-American culture.[256] According to author Carlota Caulfield, Selena was "one of the most popular Latina singers of the 1990s".[257] Selena's popularity was drawn in by the LGBT community and minority groups in the United States.[258][259] The popularity of Tejano music waned after her death and has not recovered.[260][261] John Lannert of Billboard said in an interview with Biography in 2007 that when Selena died the "Tejano market died with her".[175]

Dreaming of You, the crossover album Selena had been working on at the time of her death, was released in July 1995. It sold 175,000 copies on the day of its release in the U.S. — a then-record for a female vocalist — and sold 331,000 copies its first week.[262][263] Selena became the third female artist to sell over 300,000 units in one week, after Janet Jackson and Mariah Carey.[264] It debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart, becoming the first album by a Hispanic artist to do so.[265][266][267] Dreaming of You helped Selena to become the first solo artist to debut a posthumous album at number one.[268] Dreaming of You joined five of Selena's studio albums on the Billboard 200 chart simultaneously, making Selena the first female artist in Billboard history to do so.[269] The album was certified 59× platinum (Latin field), for sales of 3.54 million album-equivalent units in the U.S. alone.[78][270]

As of 2017 it has sold over 2.942 million copies in the U.S. making it the best-selling Latin album of all-time in the country according to Nielsen SoundScan.[271] As of 2015, the recording has sold five million copies worldwide.[272] In 2008, Joey Guerra of the Houston Chronicle said its lead single, "I Could Fall in Love", had "made the Tejano goddess a posthumous crossover star".[273] Her death was believed to have sparked an interest in Latin music by people who were unaware of its existence.[274][237][275] It was also believed her death "open[ed] the doors" to other Latin musicians such as Jennifer Lopez,[276] Ricky Martin, and Shakira.[277]

In 1995, the United States Social Security Administration ranked the name Selena one of the 100 most popular names for newborn girls, and namesake Selena Gomez acknowledged Quintanilla's influence.[278] In December 1999, Selena was named the "top Latin artist of the '90s" and "Best selling Latin artist of the decade" by Billboard for her fourteen top-ten singles in the Top Latin Songs chart, including seven number-one hits.[279] She was the best-selling Latin female singer of the 1990s in the U.S. and Mexico.[280] Selena was named "Best Female Vocalist of the '80s" and "Best Female Vocalist of the '90s" at the 2010 Tejano Music Awards.[94]

Posthumous film, streaming video and honors

In the months following her death, several honors and tributes were erected. Several proposals were made, such as renaming streets, public parks, food products,[281] and auditoriums.[282] Two months later, a tribute was held at the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards.[283] The Spirit of Hope Award was created in Selena's honor in 1996;[284] it was awarded to Latin artists who participated in humanitarian and civic causes.[285] On March 16, 2011, the United States Postal Service released a "Latin Legends" memorial stamp to honor Selena, Carlos Gardel, Tito Puente, Celia Cruz, and Carmen Miranda.[286] In February 2014, the Albany, New York Times Union named her one of "100 Coolest Americans in History".[287] In 1998 Selena was commemorated with a museum.[60]

In 1995, Selena was inducted into the Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame,[288] the Hard Rock Cafe's Hall of Fame,[108] and the South Texas Music Hall of Fame.[98] In 2001 she was inducted into the Tejano Music Hall of Fame.[219] In 2017, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[289] The unveiling ceremony of her star was attended by around 4,500 fans, which was the largest-ever crowd for an unveiling ceremony at the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[290] She was named one of the 20 most influential Texans of all time by author Laurie Jasinski.[98] She was ranked fifth of the "100 most influential Latin musicians of the 20th century" according to the Orange County Register.[291] The singer has been given many epithets by media outlets, including the "Queen of Cumbia",[292] the "Chicana Elvis",[293] the "Queen of hybrid pop culture", the "Hispanic Marilyn Monroe",[202] the "Tupac Shakur of Latin music",[294] the "Corpus Christi queen",[295] and the "people's princess".[296][297] Media have compared Selena's fashion sense to that of Madonna more times than any other celebrity.[4][5][6][298]

In 1995, Mexican actress Salma Hayek was chosen to portray Selena in a biopic produced by the Quintanilla family and Warner Bros.[299] However, Hayek turned down the role as she felt it was "too early" to base a film on Selena, and that it would be emotional since Selena's death was still being covered on American television.[300][301] Over 21,000 people auditioned for the title role, becoming the second largest audition since the search for Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939).[302][303] Puerto Rican-American actress Jennifer Lopez replaced Hayek, which initially drew criticism because of Lopez's Puerto Rican ancestry, but after seeing her performance, fans changed their views.[304] Gregory Nava directed the film, which was released on March 21, 1997. Selena opened in 1,850 theaters worldwide and grossed $11,615,722, making it the second-highest-grossing film debut that week. With a production budget of $20 million, the film grossed $35 million in the U.S.[305] The film was a commercial and critical success[306] and is often cited by critics as Lopez's breakthrough role.[254][307] Lopez rose into pop culture, for which the film's success was credited.[308]

In 1999, a Broadway-bound musical titled Selena was scheduled to premiere in San Antonio in March 2000 to commemorate the fifth anniversary of her murder. Broadway producers Tom Quinn, Jerry Frankel, Peter Fitzgerald, and Michael Vega staged the musical,[309] and Edward Gallardo wrote the show's book and lyrics. Fernando Rivas composed the show's songs. In 2000, Selena Forever was first produced; the show embarked on a 30-city U.S. tour with a budget of over US$2 million.[309] After a national casting call, producers chose Veronica Vasquez to portray Selena; Vasquez alternated in the role with Rebecca Valdez.[310] The musical previewed on March 21, and opened on March 23 at the San Antonio Municipal Auditorium.[311]

Selena's family and her former band, Los Dinos, held a tribute concert on April 7, 2005, a week after the 10th anniversary of her murder. The concert, titled Selena ¡VIVE!, was broadcast live on Univision and achieved a 35.9 household rating. It was the highest-rated and most-viewed Spanish-language television special in the history of American television. The special was also the number-one program in any language among adults ages 18 to 34 in Los Angeles, Chicago, and San Francisco; it tied for first in New York, beating that night's episode of Fox's reality show American Idol.[312] Among Hispanic viewers, Selena ¡VIVE! outperformed Super Bowl XLV and the telenovela Soy tu dueña during the "most-watched NFL season ever among Hispanics".[313][314]

In January 2015, it was announced that a two-day annual event called Fiesta de la Flor would be held in Corpus Christi for Selena by the Corpus Christi Visitors Bureau. Musical acts for the first annual event included Kumbia All-Starz, Chris Pérez, Los Lobos, Jay Perez, Little Joe y la Familia, Los Palominos, Stefani Montiel of Las 3 Divas, Girl in a Coma's Nina Diaz, Las Fenix, and The Voice contestant Clarissa Serna.[315][316][317] The event raised $13 million with an attendance of 52,000 people, 72% of whom lived outside of Corpus Christi. The event sparked interest from people in 35 states and five different countries including Mexico, Brazil, and Ecuador.[318]

On August 30, 2016, a wax statue of Selena was unveiled at Madame Tussauds Hollywood.[319] In October 2016, MAC Cosmetics released a limited edition Selena makeup line after On Air with Ryan Seacrest senior producer Patty Rodriguez started a petition for the company to do so and it garnering over 37,000 signatures.[320] It became the best-selling celebrity line in cosmetic history.[321] She was inducted into the Texas Women's Hall of Fame at Texas Woman's University in October 2016.[322] An exhibit at the National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. that ran in 2017, focused on Selena's influence in marketing. "Due to her massive appeal to both general and Latino markets, advertisers began targeting specific demographics for the first time."[323]

Google honored Selena on October 17, 2017, with a musical doodle of her life.[324] On December 11, 2018, it was announced that a biographical television series based on Selena's life titled Selena: The Series would be released on Netflix in December 2020.[325] Actress Christian Serratos plays the leading role as Selena, which was shown in a teaser trailer in late 2019. The two-part series is being done with the participation of the Quintanilla family.[326] Selena: The Series is an American biographical drama streaming television series created by Moisés Zamora and starring Christian Serratos.[327] The first part of the series was released on Netflix on December 4, 2020.[328][329] The second and final part premiered on May 4, 2021.[330]

Forever 21 announced the launch of a clothing line celebrating her legacy named "Selena: The White Rose Collection", was released in 2019.[331]

In a 10-part podcast miniseries, Anything for Selena, broadcast in 2021 by WBUR and Futuro Media, Latina journalist Maria Garcia "goes on an intimate, revelatory quest to understand how Selena has become a potent symbol for tensions around race, class and body politics in the United States".[332] In the same year, Selena was posthumously presented with the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award which her family received on the artist's behalf.[333]

Monuments

Main article: Mirador de la Flor
 
Mirador de la flor

Mirador de la Flor (English: Lookout of the Flower)[334] is Selena's own life-size bronze statue monument in Corpus Christi, Texas, sculpted by H. W. "Buddy" Tatum and unveiled in 1997.[335] About 30,000 people from around the world visit this monument every year.[336] While the monument has remained a popular tourist attraction, the construction of the statue met some resistance from the local community. Dusty Durrill, a local philanthropist, financed the construction of the monument with support from local community leaders.[337]

Discography

Main articles: Selena albums discography and Selena singles discography

Solo studio albums

Selena y Los Dinos albums

Filmography

See also: Selena videography
Film and television
Year Title Role Notes
1993 Dos mujeres, un camino Herself 2 episodes
1995 Sábado gigante Herself Guest
1995 Latin Nights Herself TV documentary
1995 Don Juan DeMarco Mariachi singer Minor role/cameo appearance (posthumous release)

Biographical programming

Year Title Notes
1997 Selena Remembered Documentary
1997 The Final Notes Documentary
1998 Behind The Music Episode: "Selena"
2005 Selena ¡VIVE! Dedicatee
2007 Queen of Tejano music Documentary
2008 Biography Episode: "Selena"
2020 Selena: The Series Biographical Drama

True crime documentaries

Year Title Notes
1996 E! True Hollywood Story Episode: "The Selena Murder Trial"
1998 American Justice Episode: "Selena Murder of a Star"
2001 The Greatest Episode: "100 Most Shocking Moments in Rock and Roll History"
2003 101 Episode: "101 Most Shocking Moments in Entertainment"
2010 Famous Crime Scene Episode: "Selena"
2012 100 Most Shocking Music Moments Documentary
2012 Reel Crime/Reel Story Episode: "Selena"
2014 Snapped Episode: "Selena Death of a Superstar"

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Media outlets that called Selena the "Mexican American equivalent" of Madonna include The Victoria Advocate,[4] The New York Times,[5] MTV.com,[6] and Rhapsody.[7]
  2. ^ According to Pérez in that book, Suzette freaked out when she got on Big Bertha, the band's tour bus, seeing him and Selena together, but they actually never flirted with each other when they were on the bus alone before Suzette's bare arrival.
  3. ^ According to a book written by Stacy Lee, she reported sales of 300,000 units,[80] while María Celeste Arrarás wrote in her book that the album sold 385,000 units in Mexico.[79]
  4. ^ "Fotos y Recuerdos" peaked at number one posthumously in April 1995.[109] "Amor Prohibido", "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom", and "No Me Queda Mas" peaked at number one before Selena's death.[110]
  5. ^ Outlets describing Selena as "Queen of Tejano music" include: Entertainment Weekly,[120] Billboard magazine,[121] Los Angeles Magazine,[122] Vibe magazine,[123] The Huffington Post,[124] and The New York Times.[125]
  6. ^ Testimony given by nurse Carla Anthony at the Saldívar trial indicated that Saldívar and Selena's visit to her clinic occurred March 24, not March 31.[139] The predominance of other sources indicate that Nurse Anthony is mistaken.

References

  1. ^ "Selena Seaside Memorial Park obituary". Retrieved March 18, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Selena autopsy report, first page". Retrieved March 18, 2022.
  3. ^ Ramirez, Sonia (October 26, 2020). "Selena comes in at No. 3 on Billboard's". Chron. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  4. ^ a b Martin, Dale (July 16, 1999). "Selena Album Goes Mainstream". The Victoria Advocate. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Howe Verhovek, Sam (April 1, 1995). "Grammy Winning Singer Selena Killed in Shooting at Texas Motel". The New York Times. p. 1.
  6. ^ a b "Selena Murder Trial Begins Monday". MTV News. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
  7. ^ Palomares, Sugey. "Hispanic Icons: Selena". Rhapsody.com. Retrieved April 15, 2015.
  8. ^ a b Flores, Daniel (March 28, 2015). "Selena's Legacy: Queen of Tejano still reigns". Valley Star News. Archived from the original on April 29, 2015. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
  9. ^ a b "The 30 Most Influential Latin Artists of All-Time". Billboard.com. Retrieved April 29, 2015.
  10. ^ Navarro, Heather (March 31, 2020). "Selena Remembered 25 Years After Death". NBC Los Angeles. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  11. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 30.
  12. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 20.
  13. ^ "Selena, the Queen of Tejano Music". Legacy.com. Retrieved October 11, 2011.
  14. ^ Guerra, Joey. "The doctor who delivered a baby Selena was presidential hopeful Ron Paul | Datebook". Preview.houstonchronicle.com. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
  15. ^ Bernstein, Ellen (April 16, 1997). . Corpus Christi Caller-Times. Corpus Christi, Texas. Archived from the original on April 3, 2009. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
  16. ^ a b c d Hewitt, Bill (April 17, 1995). "Before Her Time". People. Vol. 43, no. 15. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
  17. ^ "Viva Selena!". Los Angeles Daily News. August 24, 1994. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
  18. ^ "Latin singer Selena killed in Texas motel". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. April 1, 1995. Retrieved October 10, 2011.[permanent dead link]
  19. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 53.
  20. ^ a b c Mitchell, Rick (May 21, 1995). . Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 9, 2007. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
  21. ^ Arrarás 1997, p. 58.
  22. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 59.
  23. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 111.
  24. ^ a b c d e Orozco, Cynthia (August 31, 2010). "Selena Biography". Texas State Historical Association. from the original on September 8, 2015. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  25. ^ Arrarás 1997, p. 56.
  26. ^ Schone, Mark (October 31, 2004). "Sweet Music". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
  27. ^ Miguel 2002, p. 118.
  28. ^ Sobek 2012, p. 631.
  29. ^ Miguel 2002, p. 3.
  30. ^ "The Chicano Wave". Latin Music USA. Episode 3. 30 minutes in. PBS. Retrieved April 19, 2015. Selena wanted to sing American pop music, but her father had learned some hard lessons playing music in Texas with a band he'd had years before called Los Dinos.
  31. ^ Arrarás 1997, p. 256.
  32. ^ Morales, Tatiana (October 16, 2002). "Fans, Family Remember Selena". CBS News. Retrieved January 29, 2015.
  33. ^ Arrarás 1997, pp. 56–57.
  34. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 112.
  35. ^ Patoski 1996, p. 63.
  36. ^ Cecilia Miniucchi (director), Edward James Olmos (narrator), Jeffrey Coulter (producer) (1997). Selena Remembered (VHS/DVD) (in English and Spanish). EMI Latin, Q-Productions. Event occurs at 60 minutes.
  37. ^ a b Queen of Tejano Music, Selena special (Part of the 10th anniversary of the Selena DVD movie). Corpus Christi: Q-Productions. 2007. 18 minutes in.
  38. ^ Gershman, Rick (March 18, 1997). "Selena's legacy". St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved October 11, 2011.[permanent dead link]
  39. ^ Lopetegui, Enrique (April 8, 1995). . Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
  40. ^ Minnick, Doug (September 24, 2010). . Taxi A&R. Archived from the original on January 30, 2015. Retrieved September 24, 2010.
  41. ^ Morales 2003, p. 266.
  42. ^ Selena at AllMusic
  43. ^ "Selena (artist): Chart history: Regional Mexican Albums: Selena". Billboard. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
  44. ^ Peña 1999, p. 205.
  45. ^ Pérez 2012, p. 9.
  46. ^ Pérez 2012, p. 12.
  47. ^ Pérez 2012, p. 28.
  48. ^ Novas 1995, p. 50.
  49. ^ Pérez 2012, p. 49.
  50. ^ Pérez 2012, p. 52.
  51. ^ Jones 2000, p. 23.
  52. ^ "Selena > Discography". Billboard. Vol. 107, no. 23. June 10, 1995. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
  53. ^ Castrellón 2007, p. NA. "El motivo era celebrar que Selena había ganado su primer Disco de Oro al rabasar las 150 mil copias vendidas de su disco Baila Esta Cumbia, el primero que salio en Mexico. [The occasion was to celebrate that Selena had won her first gold record of 150 thousand copies sold of her album Baila Esta Cumbia, who first came to Mexico.]"
  54. ^ "Disco de Oro y Platino a Viene de la Uno". El Siglo de Torreón (in Spanish). December 13, 1993. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
  55. ^ a b Patoski 1996, p. 134.
  56. ^ a b Reports, Wire (April 1, 1995). "Gunshot Silences Singing Sensation Selena At Age 23". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on January 31, 2013. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
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External links

 
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April 19, 2023
selena, this, article, about, tejano, singer, name, given, name, other, uses, disambiguation, quintanilla, pérez, spanish, pronunciation, seˈlena, kintaˈniʝa, ˈpeɾes, april, 1971, march, 1995, known, mononymously, american, tejano, singer, called, queen, tejan. This article is about the Tejano singer For the name see Selena given name For other uses see Selena disambiguation Selena Quintanilla Perez Spanish pronunciation seˈlena kintaˈniʝa ˈpeɾes April 16 1971 March 31 1995 known mononymously as Selena was an American Tejano singer Called the Queen of Tejano music her contributions to music and fashion made her one of the most celebrated Mexican American entertainers of the late 20th century In 2020 Billboard magazine put her in third place on their list of Greatest Latino Artists of All Time based on both Latin albums and Latin songs chart 3 Media outlets called her the Tejano Madonna for her clothing choices a She also ranks among the most influential Latin artists of all time and is credited for catapulting the Tejano genre into the mainstream market 8 9 SelenaSelena in 1994BornSelena Quintanilla 1971 04 16 April 16 1971Lake Jackson Texas U S DiedMarch 31 1995 1995 03 31 aged 23 Corpus Christi Texas U S Cause of deathMurder gunshot wound Resting placeSeaside Memorial Park Corpus Christi Texas U S MonumentsMirador de la FlorOther namesSelena Quintanilla Perez 1 2 Alma materPacific Western University BBA OccupationsSingerfashion designerSpouseChris Perez m 1992 wbr ParentAbraham Quintanilla father RelativesA B Quintanilla brother Suzette Quintanilla sister AwardsFull listMusical careerGenresTejano Mexican cumbia mariachi ranchera Latin pop R amp BYears active1981 1995LabelsQ Productions Capitol Latin EMI Universal Music Latin SBK RecordsFormerly ofSelena y Los DinosWebsiteq productions wbr comSignatureThe youngest child of the Quintanilla family she debuted on the music scene as a member of the band Selena y Los Dinos which also included her elder siblings A B Quintanilla and Suzette Quintanilla In the 1980s she was often criticized and was refused bookings at venues across Texas for performing Tejano music a male dominated music genre However her popularity grew after she won the Tejano Music Award for Female Vocalist of the Year in 1987 which she won nine consecutive times She signed with EMI Latin in 1989 and released her self titled debut album the same year while her brother became her principal music producer and songwriter Selena released Entre a Mi Mundo 1992 which peaked at number one on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart for eight consecutive months The album s commercial success led music critics to call it the breakthrough recording of her musical career One of its singles Como la Flor became one of her most popular signature songs Live 1993 won Best Mexican American Album at the 1994 Grammy Awards becoming the first recording by a female Tejano artist to do so In 1994 she released Amor Prohibido which became one of the best selling Latin albums in the United States It was critically acclaimed as being responsible for Tejano music s first marketable era as it became one of the most popular Latin music subgenres at the time Selena was shot and killed on March 31 1995 by Yolanda Saldivar her friend and the former manager of her Selena Etc boutiques Saldivar was cornered by police when she attempted to flee and threatened to kill herself but was convinced to give herself up She was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison with possible parole after 30 years Two weeks later George W Bush then governor of Texas declared April 16 as Selena Day in Texas Her posthumous crossover album Dreaming of You 1995 debuted atop the Billboard 200 making Selena the first Latin artist to accomplish this feat In 1997 Warner Bros released Selena a film about her life and career which starred a then unknown Jennifer Lopez as Selena catapulting Lopez into fame In 2020 Netflix released Selena The Series starring Christian Serratos Selena has sold around 18 million records worldwide making her one of the best selling female artists in Latin music 10 Contents 1 Life and career 1 1 1971 1988 Early life and career beginnings 1 2 1989 1991 Selena Ven Conmigo and relationship with Chris Perez 1 3 1992 1993 Elopement Entre a Mi Mundo and Selena Live 1 4 1994 1995 Fashion venture film debut and Amor Prohibido 2 Murder 2 1 Funeral 2 2 Impact 3 Artistry 4 Public image 5 Philanthropy 6 Legacy 6 1 Posthumous film streaming video and honors 6 2 Monuments 7 Discography 8 Filmography 8 1 Biographical programming 9 See also 10 Notes 11 References 11 1 Sources Bibliography 11 2 A C 11 3 D F 11 4 G J 11 5 K M 11 6 N P 11 7 R S 11 8 T Z 12 External linksLife and career1971 1988 Early life and career beginnings Selena Quintanilla was born on April 16 1971 in Lake Jackson Texas 11 She was the youngest child of Marcella Ofelia Quintanilla nee Samora who had Cherokee ancestry 12 and Abraham Quintanilla Jr a Mexican American former musician 13 The obstetrician gynecologist at her birth was future House of Representatives member Ron Paul 14 Selena was raised as a Jehovah s Witness 15 Quintanilla Jr noticed her musical abilities when she was six years old He told People magazine Her timing her pitch were perfect I could see it from day one In 1980 in Lake Jackson Quintanilla Jr opened his first Tex Mex restaurant Papa Gayo s where Selena and her siblings Abraham III on bass guitar and Suzette Quintanilla on drums would often perform 16 The following year the restaurant was forced to close after a recession caused by the 1980s oil glut The family declared bankruptcy and were evicted from their home 16 17 They settled in Corpus Christi Texas Quintanilla Jr became manager of the newly formed band Selena y Los Dinos and began promoting it 5 16 18 They needed the money and played on street corners weddings quinceaneras and fairs 16 19 As her popularity as a singer grew the demands of Selena s performance and travel schedule began to interfere with her education Her father took her out of school when she was in the eighth grade 20 Her teacher Marilyn Greer disapproved of Selena s musical career She threatened to report Quintanilla Jr to the Texas Board of Education believing the conditions to which Selena was exposed were inappropriate for a girl her age Quintanilla Jr told Greer to mind her business Other teachers expressed their concerns when they noticed how tired Selena appeared when she arrived at school 21 At seventeen Selena earned a high school diploma from the American School of Correspondence in Chicago 22 and was also accepted at Louisiana State University 23 She enrolled at Pacific Western University taking up business administration as her major subject 24 Quintanilla Jr refurbished an old bus he named it Big Bertha and the family used it as their tour bus In the first years of touring the family sang for food and barely had enough money to pay for gasoline 25 In 1984 Selena recorded her first LP record Selena y Los Dinos for Freddie Records 26 Despite wanting to record English language songs Selena recorded Tejano music compositions a male dominated Spanish language genre 27 with German influences 28 of polka jazz and country music popularized by Mexicans living in the United States 29 Quintanilla Jr believed that Selena should record musical compositions related to her heritage 30 During the recording sessions for the album Selena had to learn Spanish phonetically with guidance from her father 31 In 1985 to promote the album Selena appeared on the Johnny Canales Show a popular Spanish language radio program on which she continued to appear for several years Selena was discovered by musician Rudy Trevino founder of the Tejano Music Awards where she won the Female Vocalist of the Year award in 1987 and for nine consecutive years after 32 The band was often turned down by Texas music venues because of the members ages and because Selena was their lead singer 33 Her father was often told by promoters that Selena would never be successful because she was a woman in a genre historically dominated by men 34 By 1988 Selena had released five more LP records Alpha 1986 Munequito de Trapo 1987 And the Winner Is 1987 Preciosa 1988 and Dulce Amor 1988 35 1989 1991 Selena Ven Conmigo and relationship with Chris Perez Chris Perez pictured in 2012 and Selena began a relationship despite her father s disapproval Jose Behar of newly formed label EMI Latin Records together with the new head of Sony Music Latin watched Selena perform at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards Behar was searching for new Latin acts and wanted to sign Selena to EMI s label Capitol Records while Sony Music Latin offered Quintanilla Jr twice Capitol s signing fee 36 Behar thought he had discovered the next Gloria Estefan but his superior called Behar illogical because he had been in South Texas less than a week 20 37 Quintanilla Jr chose EMI Latin s offer because of the potential for a crossover album and wanted his children to be the first musicians to sign to the label 38 Before Selena began recording for her debut album Behar and Stephen Finfer requested a crossover album for her 39 She recorded three English language compositions for the heads of EMI s pop division Behar and Finfer s request for a crossover album was denied and Selena was told she needed a bigger fan base to sell such an album 40 Behar thought EMI Records and the public did not believe that a Mexican American woman could have crossover potential after Charles Koppelman denied the project 37 Selena released her self titled debut album on October 17 1989 The singer recorded most of the songs at AMEN Studios in San Antonio Texas Sukiyaki and My Love were recorded at Sunrise Studios in Houston Selena wrote My Love and wanted the song to be included on the album Her brother A B became Selena s principal record producer and songwriter for most of her musical career 41 though did not write the tracks Sukiyaki Contigo Quiero Estar and No Te Vayas Sukiyaki was originally recorded in Japanese in the 1960s by Kyu Sakamoto Selena used a translation into Spanish of an English version of the song by Janice Marie Johnson 42 Selena peaked at number seven on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart 43 becoming Selena s first recording to debut on a national music chart The album performed better than other recordings from other contemporaneous female Tejano singers 44 In the same year Coca Cola wanted Selena to become one of their spokespeople in Texas 24 The jingle used in her first two commercials for the company was composed by A B and Chris Perez the latter of whom had joined Selena y Los Dinos several months earlier as the band s new guitarist 45 Perez began having romantic feelings for Selena despite having a girlfriend in San Antonio 46 After a trip down to Mexico with the band Perez thought it would be best for them both to distance themselves but he found that impossible and chose to try to build a relationship with her 47 They expressed their feelings for each other at a Pizza Hut restaurant and shortly afterward became a couple 48 49 Perez and Selena hid their relationship fearing Quintanilla Jr would try to break it up 50 51 Selena released her second studio album Ven Conmigo in September 1990 Three tracks from Ven Conmigo were released as singles Ya Ves La Tracalera and Baila Esta Cumbia 52 The latter a Tejano cumbia song became one of Selena s most successful single Its popularity grew in Mexico where a compilation album bearing the single s name was released there which was certified platinum by the Asociacion Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas AMPROFON denoting sales of 150 000 units 53 54 A registered nurse and fan named Yolanda Saldivar asked Quintanilla Jr to start a fan club in San Antonio 55 Saldivar had the idea after she had attended one of Selena s concerts Quintanilla Jr approved Saldivar s request he believed the fan club would bring more exposure for the band Saldivar soon became a close friend to Selena and the family she was trusted and became the acting president of the fan club in 1991 56 That same year Salvadoran singer Alvaro Torres composed a duet he wanted to record with Selena The song Buenos Amigos was produced by Enrique Elizondo and was released on Torres tenth studio album Nada Se Compara Contigo 1991 57 Buenos Amigos peaked at number one on the US Billboard Top Latin Songs chart giving Selena her first number one single The song s music video earned Selena and Torres two nominations at the 1992 Billboard Music Awards 58 The track was also nominated for Duo of the Year at the 1992 Tejano Music Awards 59 Biographer Deborah Paredez wrote that the track enabled Selena to tour the west and east coasts of the United States 60 According to John Lannert of Billboard magazine Buenos Amigos was helped by increased airplay on regional Mexican and Tejano radio stations which had previously dismissed Selena s recordings 61 1992 1993 Elopement Entre a Mi Mundo and Selena Live Trademark logo used by Selena Selena s sister Suzette claimed to caught Selena and Perez flirting with each other and immediately informed their father 62 b Quintanilla Jr took Perez off the bus and told him his relationship with Selena was over 63 Selena and Perez continued their relationship despite Quintanilla Jr s disapproval 64 65 Selena s mother Marcella approved of their relationship 66 Quintanilla Jr saw Selena and Perez romantically together on the bus after he informed them of his disapproval he pulled over and an argument between him and Selena ensued He called Perez a cancer in my family and threatened to disband the group if they continued their relationship 67 Selena and Perez relented Quintanilla Jr fired Perez from the band and prevented Selena from leaving with him 68 After his dismissal Perez and Selena secretly continued their relationship On the morning of April 2 1992 Selena and Perez decided to elope believing Quintanilla Jr would never approve of their relationship 67 69 Selena thought her father would have to accept them if they were married and would not have to hide their feelings for each other Within hours of their marriage the media announced the couple s elopement 70 Selena s family tried to find her Quintanilla Jr did not take the news well and alienated himself for some time 70 Selena and Perez moved into an apartment in Corpus Christi 71 In interviews Quintanilla Jr expressed how he feared Perez could be a machista Spanish for a male chauvinist who would force Selena to end her career and music goals a move that prevented Quintanilla Jr to accept Perez as being suitable for Selena at the time 72 Quintanilla Jr later approached Perez apologized accepted the marriage and took Perez back into the band 73 A month after her elopement Selena released her third studio album Entre a Mi Mundo in May 1992 The album was critically acclaimed as her breakthrough album 74 75 76 The recording peaked at number one on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart for eight consecutive months 77 it was certified 10 platinum by the RIAA for sales of 600 000 album equivalent units 78 while in Mexico the album sold 385 000 units 79 Entre a Mi Mundo became the first Tejano album by a female artist to sell over 300 000 copies c Selena was booked for a high profile border press tour in Monterrey Mexico with music media figures in a meet and greet conference At the time Tejanos were looked down on as hayseed pochos among Mexican citizens The singer s Spanish was far from fluent 81 EMI Latin executives were terrified about the singer s limited Spanish during the press conference for the album in Mexico 82 According to Patoski Selena played her cards right during the conference and won over the Mexican media after newspapers hailed her as an artist of the people The newspapers found her to be a refreshing change from Mexican telenovela actors who were fair skinned blond haired and green eyed 83 After her publicity press Selena was booked to play at several concerts throughout Mexico including a performance at Festival Acapulco in May 1993 which garnered her critical acclaim 84 Her performance in Nuevo Leon on September 17 1993 was attended by 70 000 people garnering her the title of the biggest Tejano act in Mexico 83 The album produced four singles Como la Flor Que Creias La Carcacha and Amame Como la Flor became Selena s signature recording 85 it was critically acclaimed by music critics as a career launcher for Selena 86 Como la Flor helped Selena to dominate the Latin music charts and become immensely popular in Mexico where Mexican Americans were generally not liked among citizens which was well received by critics 87 The track was nominated for Song of the Year at the 1993 Tejano Music Awards 88 The single peaked at number six on the US Billboard Top Latin Songs chart 89 In 1994 Entre a Mi Mundo ranked as the second best selling regional Mexican album of all time 90 Selena released Live a year after Entre a Mi Mundo it was recorded during a free concert at the Memorial Coliseum in Corpus Christi on February 7 1993 91 The album included previously released tracks that were sung live and three studio recordings No Debes Jugar La Llamada and Tu Robaste Mi Corazon a duet with Tejano musician Emilio Navaira The tracks No Debes Jugar and La Llamada peaked within the top five on the US Billboard Top Latin Songs chart 92 Live won the Grammy Award for Best Mexican American Album at the 36th Grammy Awards 80 In May 1994 Live was named Album of the Year by the Billboard Latin Music Awards 93 At the 1994 Tejano Music Awards Live won Album of the Year 94 while at the 1994 Lo Nuestro Awards it was nominated for Regional Mexican Album of the Year 95 Live was certified gold by the RIAA for shipments of 500 000 copies while in Mexico it sold 250 000 units 78 96 Selena briefly appeared opposite Erik Estrada in a Mexican telenovela titled Dos Mujeres Un Camino In 1995 she entered negotiations to star in another telenovela produced by Emilio Larrosa She appeared in two episodes which garnered record ratings for the series 55 1994 1995 Fashion venture film debut and Amor Prohibido The logo used by Selena for her boutiques Aside from music in 1994 Selena began designing and manufacturing a line of clothing she opened two boutiques called Selena Etc one in Corpus Christi and the other in San Antonio Both were equipped with in house beauty salons 97 By the end of 1994 Selena Etc had held two fashion shows to showcase their clothing line Selena alongside her band Selena y Los Dinos held a concert after Selena Etc s second fashion show on December 3 1994 at the Hemisfair Arena in San Antonio She was in negotiations to open more stores in Monterrey Mexico and Puerto Rico 98 Saldivar managed both boutiques after the Quintanilla family were impressed with the way she managed the fan club 99 Hispanic Business magazine reported that the singer earned over five million dollars from these boutiques 100 She was ranked among the twentieth wealthiest Hispanic musicians who grossed the highest income in 1993 and 1994 101 Selena released her fourth studio album Amor Prohibido in March 1994 The recording debuted at number three on the US Billboard Top Latin Albums chart 102 and number one on the US Billboard Regional Mexican Albums charts 103 After peaking at number one on the Top Latin Albums the album remained in the top five for the rest of the year and into early 1995 104 Amor Prohibido became the second Tejano album to reach year end sales of 500 000 copies which had previously only been accomplished by La Mafia 105 106 It became one of the best selling Latin albums in the United States 107 108 Amor Prohibido spawned four number one singles the title track Bidi Bidi Bom Bom No Me Queda Mas and Fotos y Recuerdos d Amor Prohibido was among the best selling U S albums of 1995 111 and has been certified 36 platinum by the RIAA for sales of 2 16 million album equivalent units in the United States 78 The album was named on Tom Moon s list of the 1 000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die A Listener s Life List 2008 112 Amor Prohibido popularized Tejano music among a younger and wider audience than at any other time in the genre s history 113 114 The two singles Amor Prohibido and No Me Queda Mas were the most successful US Latin singles of 1994 and 1995 respectively 115 116 The album s commercial success led to a Grammy nomination for Best Mexican American Album at the 37th Grammy Awards in 1995 117 It won Record of the Year at the 1995 Tejano Music Awards 94 and Regional Mexican Album of the Year at the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards 105 Selena was named one of Latin music s most successful touring acts during her Amor Prohibido tour 118 After Amor Prohibido s release Selena was considered bigger than Tejano itself and broke barriers in the Latin music world 119 She was called the Queen of Tejano music by many media outlets e Billboard magazine ranked Amor Prohibido among the most essential Latin recordings of the past 50 years 126 and included it on its list of the top 100 albums of all time 127 In 2017 NPR ranked Amor Prohibido at number 19 on their list of the 150 greatest albums made by women 128 Sales of the album and its titular single represented Tejano music s first commercial success in Puerto Rico 119 Selena recorded a duet titled Donde Quiera Que Estes with the Barrio Boyzz which was released on their album of the same name in 1994 The song reached number one on the Top Latin Songs chart 129 which enabled Selena to tour in New York City Argentina Puerto Rico the Dominican Republic and Central America where she was not well known 130 131 In late 1994 EMI chairman Charles Koppelman decided Selena had achieved her goals in the Spanish speaking market He wanted to promote her as an English language solo pop artist Selena continued touring while EMI began preparing the crossover album engaging Grammy Award winning composers 132 By the time Selena performed to a record breaking sold out concert at the Houston Astrodome in February 1995 work had already begun on her crossover album 132 In 1995 she made a cameo appearance in Don Juan DeMarco which starred Marlon Brando Johnny Depp and Faye Dunaway 133 MurderMain articles Murder of Selena and Trial of Yolanda Saldivar The Quintanilla family appointed Yolanda Saldivar as manager of Selena s boutiques in early 1994 56 Eight months later Selena signed Saldivar as her registered agent in San Antonio Texas After the agreement Saldivar moved from San Antonio to Corpus Christi to be closer to Selena 99 In December 1994 the boutiques began to suffer after the number of staff for both stores had decreased 134 According to staff members Saldivar often dismissed employees she disliked Employees at the stores regularly complained about Saldivar s behavior to Selena who dismissed the claims believing Saldivar would not negatively impose erratic decisions on Selena s fashion venture 135 According to Quintanilla Jr the staff later turned their attention to him and began informing him about Saldivar s behavior Quintanilla Jr took the claims seriously he told Selena to be careful and said Saldivar might not be a good influence Selena dismissed her father s inquiries because he had often distrusted people in the past 135 By January 1995 Selena s fashion designer Martin Gomez her cousin Debra Ramirez and clients had expressed their concerns over Saldivar s behavior and management skills 135 136 During an interview with Saldivar in 1995 reporters from The Dallas Morning News said her devotion to Selena bordered on obsession 99 According to Quintanilla Jr in January 1995 he began receiving telephone calls from fans who said they had paid for membership in the Selena fan club and had received nothing in return for it and he began an investigation 137 Quintanilla Jr discovered that Saldivar had embezzled more than 30 000 via forged checks from both the fan club and the boutiques 137 138 Quintanilla Jr held a meeting with Selena and Suzette on the night of March 9 at Q Productions to confront Saldivar Quintanilla Jr presented Saldivar with the inconsistencies about the disappeared funds Quintanilla Jr told her that if she did not provide evidence that disproved his accusations he would involve the local police Quintanilla Jr banned Saldivar from having any contact with Selena However Selena did not want to dissolve their friendship she thought Saldivar was essential to the success of the clothing line in Mexico Selena also wanted to keep her close because she had bank records statements and financial records necessary for tax preparation 137 In the days before Selena s death Saldivar delayed handing over the bank statements and financial records by saying she had been physically and sexually assaulted in Mexico 20 Saldivar along with Selena appeared at a medical clinic on March 31 1995 ostensibly to have Saldivar examined for an assault which she claimed happened to her in Monterrey f During that visit Saldivar was given a brief physical examination by the clinic s doctor but this did not include a gynecological exam specifically done in cases of sexual assault It was suggested by nurse Carla Anthony that Saldivar needed to have the rape exam in San Antonio for three reasons Saldivar was a resident of San Antonio the clinic they were currently at was in Corpus Christi and the assault occurred in Mexico 139 Afterward Selena again met with Saldivar in her motel room at the Days Inn in Corpus Christi 5 At the motel Selena demanded the financial papers At 11 48 a m CST Saldivar got a gun from her purse 140 and pointed it at Selena As Selena attempted to flee Saldivar shot her once on the right lower shoulder severing the subclavian artery and causing a severe loss of blood Critically wounded Selena ran towards the lobby leaving a 392 foot 119 m long trail of blood 141 She collapsed on the floor as the clerk called the emergency services with Saldivar still chasing after her and calling her a bitch 142 Before collapsing Selena named Saldivar as her assailant and gave the number of the room where she had been shot 143 Meanwhile Saldivar attempted to leave in her pickup truck She was spotted by a responding police cruiser 141 She surrendered after a nearly nine and a half hour standoff with police and the FBI 5 By that time hundreds of fans had gathered at the scene Many wept as police took Saldivar away 5 141 Selena was taken to the Corpus Christi Memorial Hospital at 12 00 p m CST Her pupils were fixed and dilated there was no evidence of neurological function she had no vital signs 144 and was declared clinically brain dead 145 Dr Louis Elkins cardiac surgeon arrived at Memorial Hospital and said he saw doctors making heroic efforts to revive Selena 145 They were able to establish an erratic heartbeat long enough to transfer her to the trauma room 146 and began blood transfusions in an attempt to re establish blood circulation after opening Selena s chest and finding massive internal bleeding 141 By the time Elkins arrived an emergency doctor began massaging her heart after it had stopped beating 147 Elkins reported how all efforts were futile and said had he been the receiving doctor he would not have made any treatments on Selena He felt obligated to continue after the emergency room doctor made the decision to reanimate the singer 148 After 50 minutes of surgery she was pronounced dead from blood loss and cardiac arrest at 1 05 p m CST 141 149 An autopsy was performed on the same day due to the overwhelming media response 150 It revealed that the bullet had entered Selena s upper right back near her shoulder blade passed through her chest cavity severed the right subclavian artery and exited her right upper chest 141 Her official cause of death was described as exsanguinaiting internal and external hemorrhage due to perforating gunshot wound resulting in massive bleeding 2 The internal examination revealed that she had not ingested any type of drug nor was she pregnant 151 which was a rumor that began spreading after her death 152 Funeral Selena s grave at Seaside Memorial Park in Corpus Christi Texas On April 1 Bayfront Plaza in Corpus Christi held a vigil which drew 3 000 fans 153 154 During the event it was announced that a public viewing of the casket would be held at the Bayfront Auditorium the following day Fans lined up for almost a 1 mile 1 6 km 153 An hour before the doors opened rumors that the casket was empty began circulating which prompted the Quintanilla family to have an open casket viewing 155 156 About 30 000 to 40 000 fans passed by Selena s casket 156 157 158 More than 78 000 signed a book of condolence 159 Flowers for the casket viewing were imported from The Netherlands At the request of Selena s family video and flash photography was banned 160 On April 3 1995 six hundred guests mostly family members attended Selena s burial at Seaside Memorial Park in Corpus Christi Texas 161 which was broadcast live by a Corpus Christi and San Antonio radio station without the consent of her family A Jehovah s Witness minister from Lake Jackson preached in English quoting Paul the Apostle s words in 1 Corinthians 15 Hundreds of people began circling the area in their vehicles 162 Among the celebrities who attended Selena s funeral were Roberto Pulido Bobby Pulido David Lee Garza Navaira Laura Canales Elsa Garcia La Mafia Ram Herrera Imagen Latina and Pete Astudillo 163 A special mass held the same day at Los Angeles Sports Arena drew a crowd of 4 000 164 Impact Selena s murder had a widespread impact Reactions to her death were compared to those following the deaths of musicians John Lennon and Elvis Presley and that of U S president John F Kennedy 80 165 Major television networks interrupted their regular programming to break the news Tom Brokaw referred to Selena as The Mexican Madonna 166 Her death was front page news in The New York Times for two days 167 Many vigils and memorials were held in her honor and radio stations in Texas played her music non stop 168 Her funeral drew 60 000 mourners many of whom traveled from outside the United States 168 The news struck the Hispanic community extremely hard Many fans traveled thousands of miles to see Selena s house and boutiques and the crime scene 169 170 By mid afternoon police were asked to form a detour because a line of cars began backing up traffic from the Quintanillas houses 171 Among the celebrities who contacted the Quintanilla family to express their condolences were Gloria Estefan Celia Cruz Julio Iglesias and Madonna 172 Other celebrities including Stefani Montiel Jaime DeAnda of Los Chamacos and Shelly Lares appeared on radio stations to express their thoughts about Selena s death 173 An issue of People magazine was released several days after her murder Its publishers believed interest would soon wane They released a commemorative issue within a week when it became clear it was growing The issue sold nearly a million copies 174 selling the entire first and second print runs within two weeks It became a collector s item a first in the history of People Betty Cortina an editor of People told Biography they never had an issue that was completely sold out it was unheard of In the following months the company released People en Espanol aimed at the Hispanic market due to the success of the Selena issue 175 This was followed by Newsweek en Espanol and Latina magazine 176 A few days later Howard Stern mocked Selena s murder and burial poked fun at her mourners and criticized her music Stern said This music does absolutely nothing for me Alvin and the Chipmunks have more soul Spanish people have the worst taste in music They have no depth Stern s comments outraged and infuriated the Hispanic community in Texas 177 Stern played Selena s songs with gunshots in the background on his show 178 179 After a disorderly conduct arrest warrant was issued in his name Stern made an on air statement in Spanish saying his comments were not made to cause more anguish to her family friends and those who loved her 180 181 Stern was not formally charged The League of United Latin American Citizens boycotted Stern s show finding his apology unacceptable 182 Texas retailers removed any products that were related to Stern while Sears and McDonald s sent a letter stating their disapproval of Stern s comments to the media because some fans believed the companies sponsored Stern s show 183 Within a week on NBC s The Tonight Show with Jay Leno Stern and Robin Quivers his co host were asked whether Stern s remarks about Selena were acceptable Quivers decided not to talk about the situation to avoid arguing with Stern When Linda Ronstadt a pop singer of Mexican American heritage appeared on the show she and Quivers argued when Ronstadt defended Selena 184 On April 12 1995 two weeks after Selena s death George W Bush governor of Texas at the time declared her birthday April 16 Selena Day in the state 24 185 He said Selena represented the essence of south Texas culture 186 Some European Americans in Texas wrote to the editor of the Brazosport Facts during April and May asking what the big deal was some were offended that Selena Day fell on Easter Others said Easter is more important than Selena Day and that they believed people should let Selena rest in peace and continue with their lives 187 Mexican Americans in Texas wrote vociferously to the newspaper Some said others were too critical of Selena Day and should not have responded so rudely 188 In October 1995 a Houston jury convicted Saldivar of first degree murder and she was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 30 years in 2025 189 Life with the possibility of parole was the maximum prison term allowed in Texas that could be imposed at the time 190 In 2002 under a judge s order the gun used to kill Selena was destroyed and the pieces were thrown into Corpus Christi Bay 191 192 Fans and historians disapproved of the decision to destroy the gun saying the event was historical and the gun should have been in a museum 24 ArtistrySelena possessed a soprano vocal range 193 In an April 1995 interview with Billboard magazine Behar said he saw Selena as a cross between Janet Jackson and Whitney Houston in style feel and vocal range 194 Although Selena did not write most of her songs she incorporated R amp B 195 Latin pop technopop 196 country and western and disco into her Tejano music repertoire 197 Mario Tarradell of The Dallas Morning News said that during her music career Selena merges Tejano s infectious cumbia rhythm with street savvy R amp B old school soul dancehall reggae sizzling salsa and trippy loopy funk 198 Selena s recordings expressed love and pain as well as strength and passion according to Charles Tatum 199 She also recorded independently driven female empowerment themed compositions Si La Quieres Que Creias Ya Ves and Ya No which centered around inappropriate relationships and recovery from domestic violence 200 Peter Watrous of The New York Times said Selena s voice sometimes quivered and that she roughed it up a bit He continued a t its best it had a coolness a type of unadorned passion 201 Ilan Stavans called her music cursi melodramatic cheesy overemotional not too far from Juan Gabriel and a relative of Iglesias 202 Richard Corliss of Time magazine said her songs are perky cheerful rather than soulful and that earlier recordings with their tinny Tijuana Brass charts and keyboards that evoke calliopes are ideal for the fairground or merry go round Corliss calls Selena s singing an expert mimicry of everything from Edith Piaf s melodramatic contralto to the coloratura riffs of Mariah Carey But the sounds are still lightly Hispanic 203 Dreaming of You 1995 source source Dreaming of You an English language recording became one of four English cuts Selena recorded for her crossover from Spanish into English pop music Problems playing this file See media help Newsweek magazine called Selena s English language recordings a blend of urban pop and Latin warmth 204 According to Texas Monthly Selena s brother modernized her music into a more funk and hip hop sound 205 Selena s use of emotive range during her musical career has been praised by critics as being her trademark 206 207 A B wrote increasingly cumbia influenced songs for Ven Conmigo 1990 Ramiro Burr of Billboard said Selena and her band had evolved a rhythmic style that demonstrated its increasing prowess for catchy cumbias such as Baila Esta Cumbia and the title track 208 Italian essayist Gaetano Prampolini wrote that Selena s voice projected a sonorous warmth and joyfulness during his review of Selena s cumbia recordings 209 In his review of the remix album Enamorada de Ti 2012 Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic wrote that Selena s songs were rooted in the 90s and sound that way 210 Public imageQuintanilla Jr sought to maintain Selena s image clean and family oriented 211 In 1989 she was offered sponsorship from beer companies but her father turned them down 175 Selena was often refused gigs at Tejano venues because she was a female singer in a male dominated music scene 212 Manuel Pena wrote that after 1989 Selena s popularity increased and she became a sex icon following the release of her debut album 211 Charles Tatum said Selena drew most attention from her beauty sexuality and youthful impact on the Tejano music scene 199 Selena said she never wanted to record explicit songs because of her upbringing and because her fan base consisted largely of young children who regarded her as a role model She further commented on the question of her sexual appeal to men during her crossover attempt asserting that she will stay the same and that her English language recordings will refrain from foul language and sexual themes 213 In 1997 Maria Celeste Arraras wrote in her book about Selena s death that the singer was a sweet and charismatic girl 214 According to Arraras Selena trusted everyone she often went shopping alone despite her father s concerns over her safety 215 Betty Cortina of People magazine said Selena s provocative choice of clothing was an acceptable emulation of Janet Jackson and Madonna and that she wore sexy outfits that accentuated a body of a Latina woman 175 216 Cortina also stated that Selena had a flamboyant style an unbelievable body curves and booty 175 Arraras wrote that Selena began wearing clothes designed to emphasize her curvaceous figure and that she never came across as cheap simply sexy She also said Selena s makeup regimen was not being painted up or vulgar 217 Arraras also noted Selena s fun loving stage manner and said she was playful onstage and off 218 Matt S Meier wrote in his book The Mexican American Experience An Encyclopedia 2010 that Selena exhibited contagious energy during her concerts and said she displayed warmth passion and sexuality while exuding a down to earth persona of the wholesome young girl next door 219 Selena wore outfits that accented her physical attributes and was not afraid to wear outfits she liked 175 despite criticism from parents who thought Selena s choice of outfits were inappropriate for young girls who began emulating Selena 220 Her views on public image in the fashion industry were bothersome she said she was opposed to the image that all woman should be rail thin and the notion that they must wear certain outfits and be super young to be beautiful 221 In the early 1990s Selena began wearing decorative bustiers spandex or tight pants and attractive unbuttoned jackets during her concerts She was inspired by Paula Abdul Janet Jackson and Madonna 220 During a 1992 interview Selena said her choice of clothing does not reflect her personality 175 NBC News called Selena s outfit provocative 222 Because of her choices of outfits and dance moves she was named by her fans as the Mexican Madonna 223 224 According to Suzette Selena often designed and sewed her outfits backstage with her designers moments before she was due on stage Quintanilla Jr disapproved of Selena s outfits but he later accepted it when Selena discussed it being a fashion trend 175 Selena became an inactive member of the Jehovah s Witnesses due to her exotic clothing 225 During the photo shoot for Entre a Mi Mundo 1992 a photographer remarked on the ways Selena s choice of clothing affected Quintanilla Jr tremendously he often left sessions when Selena appeared in revealing outfits 226 Selena was credited as the first woman to change public perceptions of feminine beauty in the Tejano market a feminist she blazed a trail for other female artists during her career 175 227 Following Selena s death some celebrities questioned her status as a role model among Hispanic women In her 1999 documentary about the singer filmmaker Lourdes Portillo expressed concerns whether Selena was a great role model for young women 228 Portillo believed Selena was sending the wrong message to young girls by dancing in clothing that suggested hypersexualization 229 American author Sandra Cisneros agreed with Portillo s assessment that Selena was not a good role model to Latina women 230 Media outlets also shared Portillo s views they said the fairy tale story of Selena was one that her family would want to preserve questioning Quintanilla Jr s role for pushing an image that Selena had never made mistakes into the media calling it lies and not the real story 231 232 PhilanthropyDuring her childhood Selena helped organizations such as Toys for Tots 153 She was active in the U S Latino community visiting local schools to talk to students about the importance of education 233 At Fulmore Junior High School in Austin she educated two hundred high school students about positive attitudes and setting life goals in their adult lives 153 Selena urged children to stay in school and that alcohol and drugs will lead them nowhere in life 234 She spent her free time helping her community Selena performed in Washington D C to celebrate the forming of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus 233 Following the aftermath of Hurricane Andrew Selena helped victims in Florida by performing at a Houston benefit concert 233 130 In August 1994 Selena hosted a charity baseball game to raise money for unspecified charities 235 She also donated her time to civic organizations such as D A R E and planned a fundraising concert to help AIDS patients Selena participated with the Texas Prevention Partnership which was sponsored by the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse Dep Corporation which released an educational video that was sent to students for free Her pro education videos included My Music and Selena Agrees She was in the works for a Dallas Fort Worth Texas Boys amp Girls Clubs of America benefit concert 24 In January 1995 Selena headlined the Teach the Children festival in San Antonio The concert funded a non profit program to provide school supplies to needy children 130 Selena was a spokesperson for women in abusive relationships 236 She also helped out at homeless shelters 130 According to the A amp E television series Biography Selena s fans were often minorities she encouraged them to make the most of their lives 175 LegacySelena has been credited for helping redefine Latin music 237 and its subgenres of Tejano 238 239 cumbia and Latin pop 240 241 Selena broke barriers in the Latin music world 193 242 243 She is considered one of the most significant Mexican American singers of the end of the twentieth century 244 People magazine named Selena one of the most intriguing people of the 20th century 245 US Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison named Selena one of the spirited women who shaped the United States 246 Selena became one of the most celebrated cultural products of the United States Mexico borderlands 247 Selena was called the Queen of Tejano music and was described as the most important and popular Tejano star of all time 248 Her death was the most devastating loss in Tejano music history according to Zach Quaintance of The Monitor 243 At the time of her death Selena became one of the most widely known Mexican American vocal artists 249 250 and the most popular Latin artist in the United States 250 She had a cult like following among Hispanics 251 Selena has been named one of the most influential Latin artists of all time and has been credited for elevating a music genre into the mainstream market 8 9 Latin Post called the singer one of the most iconic artists in Latin American music history 252 while The New York Times called her arguably the most important Latina musician in the country on her way to becoming one of the most important period 253 Selena became a household name in the United States and Mexico following her death and became part of the American pop culture 253 254 She became more popular in death than when she was alive 255 After her death her popularity among the Hispanic population was compared to those of Marilyn Monroe and Madonna in Anglo American culture 256 According to author Carlota Caulfield Selena was one of the most popular Latina singers of the 1990s 257 Selena s popularity was drawn in by the LGBT community and minority groups in the United States 258 259 The popularity of Tejano music waned after her death and has not recovered 260 261 John Lannert of Billboard said in an interview with Biography in 2007 that when Selena died the Tejano market died with her 175 Dreaming of You the crossover album Selena had been working on at the time of her death was released in July 1995 It sold 175 000 copies on the day of its release in the U S a then record for a female vocalist and sold 331 000 copies its first week 262 263 Selena became the third female artist to sell over 300 000 units in one week after Janet Jackson and Mariah Carey 264 It debuted at number one on the U S Billboard 200 chart becoming the first album by a Hispanic artist to do so 265 266 267 Dreaming of You helped Selena to become the first solo artist to debut a posthumous album at number one 268 Dreaming of You joined five of Selena s studio albums on the Billboard 200 chart simultaneously making Selena the first female artist in Billboard history to do so 269 The album was certified 59 platinum Latin field for sales of 3 54 million album equivalent units in the U S alone 78 270 As of 2017 update it has sold over 2 942 million copies in the U S making it the best selling Latin album of all time in the country according to Nielsen SoundScan 271 As of 2015 update the recording has sold five million copies worldwide 272 In 2008 Joey Guerra of the Houston Chronicle said its lead single I Could Fall in Love had made the Tejano goddess a posthumous crossover star 273 Her death was believed to have sparked an interest in Latin music by people who were unaware of its existence 274 237 275 It was also believed her death open ed the doors to other Latin musicians such as Jennifer Lopez 276 Ricky Martin and Shakira 277 In 1995 the United States Social Security Administration ranked the name Selena one of the 100 most popular names for newborn girls and namesake Selena Gomez acknowledged Quintanilla s influence 278 In December 1999 Selena was named the top Latin artist of the 90s and Best selling Latin artist of the decade by Billboard for her fourteen top ten singles in the Top Latin Songs chart including seven number one hits 279 She was the best selling Latin female singer of the 1990s in the U S and Mexico 280 Selena was named Best Female Vocalist of the 80s and Best Female Vocalist of the 90s at the 2010 Tejano Music Awards 94 Posthumous film streaming video and honors In the months following her death several honors and tributes were erected Several proposals were made such as renaming streets public parks food products 281 and auditoriums 282 Two months later a tribute was held at the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards 283 The Spirit of Hope Award was created in Selena s honor in 1996 284 it was awarded to Latin artists who participated in humanitarian and civic causes 285 On March 16 2011 the United States Postal Service released a Latin Legends memorial stamp to honor Selena Carlos Gardel Tito Puente Celia Cruz and Carmen Miranda 286 In February 2014 the Albany New York Times Union named her one of 100 Coolest Americans in History 287 In 1998 Selena was commemorated with a museum 60 In 1995 Selena was inducted into the Billboard Latin Music Hall of Fame 288 the Hard Rock Cafe s Hall of Fame 108 and the South Texas Music Hall of Fame 98 In 2001 she was inducted into the Tejano Music Hall of Fame 219 In 2017 she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame 289 The unveiling ceremony of her star was attended by around 4 500 fans which was the largest ever crowd for an unveiling ceremony at the Hollywood Walk of Fame 290 She was named one of the 20 most influential Texans of all time by author Laurie Jasinski 98 She was ranked fifth of the 100 most influential Latin musicians of the 20th century according to the Orange County Register 291 The singer has been given many epithets by media outlets including the Queen of Cumbia 292 the Chicana Elvis 293 the Queen of hybrid pop culture the Hispanic Marilyn Monroe 202 the Tupac Shakur of Latin music 294 the Corpus Christi queen 295 and the people s princess 296 297 Media have compared Selena s fashion sense to that of Madonna more times than any other celebrity 4 5 6 298 In 1995 Mexican actress Salma Hayek was chosen to portray Selena in a biopic produced by the Quintanilla family and Warner Bros 299 However Hayek turned down the role as she felt it was too early to base a film on Selena and that it would be emotional since Selena s death was still being covered on American television 300 301 Over 21 000 people auditioned for the title role becoming the second largest audition since the search for Scarlett O Hara in Gone with the Wind 1939 302 303 Puerto Rican American actress Jennifer Lopez replaced Hayek which initially drew criticism because of Lopez s Puerto Rican ancestry but after seeing her performance fans changed their views 304 Gregory Nava directed the film which was released on March 21 1997 Selena opened in 1 850 theaters worldwide and grossed 11 615 722 making it the second highest grossing film debut that week With a production budget of 20 million the film grossed 35 million in the U S 305 The film was a commercial and critical success 306 and is often cited by critics as Lopez s breakthrough role 254 307 Lopez rose into pop culture for which the film s success was credited 308 In 1999 a Broadway bound musical titled Selena was scheduled to premiere in San Antonio in March 2000 to commemorate the fifth anniversary of her murder Broadway producers Tom Quinn Jerry Frankel Peter Fitzgerald and Michael Vega staged the musical 309 and Edward Gallardo wrote the show s book and lyrics Fernando Rivas composed the show s songs In 2000 Selena Forever was first produced the show embarked on a 30 city U S tour with a budget of over US 2 million 309 After a national casting call producers chose Veronica Vasquez to portray Selena Vasquez alternated in the role with Rebecca Valdez 310 The musical previewed on March 21 and opened on March 23 at the San Antonio Municipal Auditorium 311 Selena s family and her former band Los Dinos held a tribute concert on April 7 2005 a week after the 10th anniversary of her murder The concert titled Selena VIVE was broadcast live on Univision and achieved a 35 9 household rating It was the highest rated and most viewed Spanish language television special in the history of American television The special was also the number one program in any language among adults ages 18 to 34 in Los Angeles Chicago and San Francisco it tied for first in New York beating that night s episode of Fox s reality show American Idol 312 Among Hispanic viewers Selena VIVE outperformed Super Bowl XLV and the telenovela Soy tu duena during the most watched NFL season ever among Hispanics 313 314 In January 2015 it was announced that a two day annual event called Fiesta de la Flor would be held in Corpus Christi for Selena by the Corpus Christi Visitors Bureau Musical acts for the first annual event included Kumbia All Starz Chris Perez Los Lobos Jay Perez Little Joe y la Familia Los Palominos Stefani Montiel of Las 3 Divas Girl in a Coma s Nina Diaz Las Fenix and The Voice contestant Clarissa Serna 315 316 317 The event raised 13 million with an attendance of 52 000 people 72 of whom lived outside of Corpus Christi The event sparked interest from people in 35 states and five different countries including Mexico Brazil and Ecuador 318 On August 30 2016 a wax statue of Selena was unveiled at Madame Tussauds Hollywood 319 In October 2016 MAC Cosmetics released a limited edition Selena makeup line after On Air with Ryan Seacrest senior producer Patty Rodriguez started a petition for the company to do so and it garnering over 37 000 signatures 320 It became the best selling celebrity line in cosmetic history 321 She was inducted into the Texas Women s Hall of Fame at Texas Woman s University in October 2016 322 An exhibit at the National Museum of American History in Washington D C that ran in 2017 focused on Selena s influence in marketing Due to her massive appeal to both general and Latino markets advertisers began targeting specific demographics for the first time 323 Google honored Selena on October 17 2017 with a musical doodle of her life 324 On December 11 2018 it was announced that a biographical television series based on Selena s life titled Selena The Series would be released on Netflix in December 2020 325 Actress Christian Serratos plays the leading role as Selena which was shown in a teaser trailer in late 2019 The two part series is being done with the participation of the Quintanilla family 326 Selena The Series is an American biographical drama streaming television series created by Moises Zamora and starring Christian Serratos 327 The first part of the series was released on Netflix on December 4 2020 328 329 The second and final part premiered on May 4 2021 330 Forever 21 announced the launch of a clothing line celebrating her legacy named Selena The White Rose Collection was released in 2019 331 In a 10 part podcast miniseries Anything for Selena broadcast in 2021 by WBUR and Futuro Media Latina journalist Maria Garcia goes on an intimate revelatory quest to understand how Selena has become a potent symbol for tensions around race class and body politics in the United States 332 In the same year Selena was posthumously presented with the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award which her family received on the artist s behalf 333 Monuments Main article Mirador de la Flor Mirador de la flor Mirador de la Flor English Lookout of the Flower 334 is Selena s own life size bronze statue monument in Corpus Christi Texas sculpted by H W Buddy Tatum and unveiled in 1997 335 About 30 000 people from around the world visit this monument every year 336 While the monument has remained a popular tourist attraction the construction of the statue met some resistance from the local community Dusty Durrill a local philanthropist financed the construction of the monument with support from local community leaders 337 DiscographyMain articles Selena albums discography and Selena singles discography Solo studio albums Selena 1989 Ven Conmigo 1990 Entre a Mi Mundo 1992 Amor Prohibido 1994 Dreaming of You 1995 Selena y Los Dinos albums Mis Primeras Grabaciones 1984 Alpha 1986 Munequito De Trapo 1986 And The Winner Is 1987 Preciosa 1988 Dulce Amor 1988 FilmographySee also Selena videography Film and television Year Title Role Notes1993 Dos mujeres un camino Herself 2 episodes1995 Sabado gigante Herself Guest1995 Latin Nights Herself TV documentary1995 Don Juan DeMarco Mariachi singer Minor role cameo appearance posthumous release Biographical programming Year Title Notes1997 Selena Remembered Documentary1997 The Final Notes Documentary1998 Behind The Music Episode Selena 2005 Selena VIVE Dedicatee2007 Queen of Tejano music Documentary2008 Biography Episode Selena 2020 Selena The Series Biographical DramaTrue crime documentaries Year Title Notes1996 E True Hollywood Story Episode The Selena Murder Trial 1998 American Justice Episode Selena Murder of a Star 2001 The Greatest Episode 100 Most Shocking Moments in Rock and Roll History 2003 101 Episode 101 Most Shocking Moments in Entertainment 2010 Famous Crime Scene Episode Selena 2012 100 Most Shocking Music Moments Documentary2012 Reel Crime Reel Story Episode Selena 2014 Snapped Episode Selena Death of a Superstar See alsoHonorific nicknames in popular music List of Hispanic and Latino Americans List of people on the postage stamps of the United States Music of TexasNotes Media outlets that called Selena the Mexican American equivalent of Madonna include The Victoria Advocate 4 The New York Times 5 MTV com 6 and Rhapsody 7 According to Perez in that book Suzette freaked out when she got on Big Bertha the band s tour bus seeing him and Selena together but they actually never flirted with each other when they were on the bus alone before Suzette s bare arrival According to a book written by Stacy Lee she reported sales of 300 000 units 80 while Maria Celeste Arraras wrote in her book that the album sold 385 000 units in Mexico 79 Fotos y Recuerdos peaked at number one posthumously in April 1995 109 Amor Prohibido Bidi Bidi Bom Bom and No Me Queda Mas peaked at number one before Selena s death 110 Outlets describing Selena as Queen of Tejano music include Entertainment Weekly 120 Billboard magazine 121 Los Angeles Magazine 122 Vibe magazine 123 The Huffington Post 124 and The New York Times 125 Testimony given by nurse Carla Anthony at the Saldivar trial indicated that Saldivar and Selena s visit to her clinic occurred March 24 not March 31 139 The predominance of other sources indicate that Nurse Anthony is mistaken References Selena Seaside Memorial Park obituary Retrieved March 18 2022 a b Selena autopsy report first page Retrieved March 18 2022 Ramirez Sonia October 26 2020 Selena comes in at No 3 on Billboard s Chron Retrieved October 14 2021 a b Martin Dale July 16 1999 Selena Album Goes Mainstream The Victoria Advocate Retrieved April 7 2015 a b c d e f Howe Verhovek Sam April 1 1995 Grammy Winning Singer Selena Killed in Shooting at Texas Motel The New York Times p 1 a b Selena Murder Trial Begins Monday MTV News Retrieved March 26 2015 Palomares Sugey Hispanic Icons Selena Rhapsody com Retrieved April 15 2015 a b Flores Daniel March 28 2015 Selena s Legacy Queen of Tejano still reigns Valley Star News Archived from the original on April 29 2015 Retrieved April 29 2015 a b The 30 Most Influential Latin Artists of All Time Billboard com Retrieved April 29 2015 Navarro Heather March 31 2020 Selena Remembered 25 Years After Death NBC Los Angeles Retrieved October 14 2021 Patoski 1996 p 30 Patoski 1996 p 20 Selena the Queen of Tejano Music Legacy com Retrieved October 11 2011 Guerra Joey The doctor who delivered a baby Selena was presidential hopeful Ron Paul Datebook Preview houstonchronicle com Retrieved April 1 2022 Bernstein Ellen April 16 1997 Birthday hoopla is prohibited Corpus Christi Caller Times Corpus Christi Texas Archived from the original on April 3 2009 Retrieved August 27 2010 a b c d Hewitt Bill April 17 1995 Before Her Time People Vol 43 no 15 Retrieved January 29 2015 Viva Selena Los Angeles Daily News August 24 1994 Retrieved October 10 2011 Latin singer Selena killed in Texas motel Milwaukee Journal Sentinel April 1 1995 Retrieved October 10 2011 permanent dead link Patoski 1996 p 53 a b c Mitchell Rick May 21 1995 Selena the making of the queen of Tejano Houston Chronicle Archived from the original on July 9 2007 Retrieved February 1 2008 Arraras 1997 p 58 Patoski 1996 p 59 Patoski 1996 p 111 a b c d e Orozco Cynthia August 31 2010 Selena Biography Texas State Historical Association Archived from the original on September 8 2015 Retrieved September 27 2015 Arraras 1997 p 56 Schone Mark October 31 2004 Sweet Music Bloomberg Businessweek Retrieved January 29 2015 Miguel 2002 p 118 Sobek 2012 p 631 Miguel 2002 p 3 The Chicano Wave Latin Music USA Episode 3 30 minutes in PBS Retrieved April 19 2015 Selena wanted to sing American pop music but her father had learned some hard lessons playing music in Texas with a band he d had years before called Los Dinos Arraras 1997 p 256 Morales Tatiana October 16 2002 Fans Family Remember Selena CBS News Retrieved January 29 2015 Arraras 1997 pp 56 57 Patoski 1996 p 112 Patoski 1996 p 63 Cecilia Miniucchi director Edward James Olmos narrator Jeffrey Coulter producer 1997 Selena Remembered VHS DVD in English and Spanish EMI Latin Q Productions Event occurs at 60 minutes a b Queen of Tejano Music Selena special Part of the 10th anniversary of the Selena DVD movie Corpus Christi Q Productions 2007 18 minutes in Gershman Rick March 18 1997 Selena s legacy St Petersburg Times Retrieved October 11 2011 permanent dead link Lopetegui Enrique April 8 1995 A Crossover Dream Halted Prematurely Tragically Some Ambitious Plans Were Under Way to Bring Selena to Mainstream U S Audience Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on November 7 2012 Retrieved July 21 2011 Minnick Doug September 24 2010 Jose Behar interview Taxi A amp R Archived from the original on January 30 2015 Retrieved September 24 2010 Morales 2003 p 266 Selena at AllMusic Selena artist Chart history Regional Mexican Albums Selena Billboard Retrieved May 16 2012 Pena 1999 p 205 Perez 2012 p 9 Perez 2012 p 12 Perez 2012 p 28 Novas 1995 p 50 Perez 2012 p 49 Perez 2012 p 52 Jones 2000 p 23 Selena gt Discography Billboard Vol 107 no 23 June 10 1995 Retrieved October 10 2014 Castrellon 2007 p NA El motivo era celebrar que Selena habia ganado su primer Disco de Oro al rabasar las 150 mil copias vendidas de su disco Baila Esta Cumbia el primero que salio en Mexico The occasion was to celebrate that Selena had won her first gold record of 150 thousand copies sold of her album Baila Esta Cumbia who first came to Mexico Disco de Oro y Platino a Viene de la Uno El Siglo de Torreon in Spanish December 13 1993 Retrieved October 10 2014 a b Patoski 1996 p 134 a b Reports Wire April 1 1995 Gunshot Silences Singing Sensation Selena At Age 23 Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on January 31 2013 Retrieved October 10 2011 Soto Manuel December 30 2004 Alvaro Torres el antigalan de la cancion Hoy in Spanish Archived from the original on October 6 2014 Retrieved May 7 2012 Peniston Leads Music Video Nominees Billboard Vol 104 no 42 October 17 1992 Retrieved May 5 2013 Past Tejano Music Awards Winners TejanoMusicAwards com Texas Talent Association Retrieved May 5 2013 a b Paredez 2009 p 259 Lannert John June 10 1995 Beloved Selena Enters Latin Music Hall of Fame Billboard Vol 107 no 23 Retrieved May 2 2013 Perez 2012 p 72 Perez 2012 p 73 Perez 2012 p 75 Aguila Justino March 22 2012 Selena s Widower Shows a Different Side of Singer in New Book Q amp A The Hollywood Reporter Retrieved June 9 2013 Novas 1995 p 53 a b Gostin Nicki March 30 2012 Chris Perez on his book To Selena With Love CNN Retrieved June 9 2013 Perez 2012 p 79 Perez 2012 p 93 a b Perez 2012 p 99 Jones 2000 p 26 Behar Deider Exclusive Selena Turns 20 Her Family Reflects on the Movie and Her Legacy In My Mind She s Still Alive E Retrieved September 13 2017 Perez 2012 p 105 Tarradell Mario July 16 1995 Dreaming of Selena A new album celebrates what she was but only hints at what she could have become The Dallas Morning News Retrieved November 18 2011 Record company planning Selena retrospective Fort Worth Star Telegram April 12 1995 Retrieved November 18 2011 Burr Ramiro July 18 1995 Selena crosses over to pop Posthumous release a reminder of talent cut short San Antonio Express News Retrieved November 18 2011 Burr Ramiro May 20 1993 Awards recognize Latin musicians Austin American Statesmen Retrieved November 18 2011 a b c d American certifications Selena Recording Industry Association of America Retrieved September 5 2015 a b Arraras 1997 p 104 a b c Stacy 2002 p 746 Patoski 1996 p 102 Deggans Eric July 21 1995 Latin Diva s Legacy Lives Through Music Asbury Park Press p 43 Retrieved June 2 2017 a b Patoski 1996 p 103 Patoski 1996 p 113 Clark 2013 p 120 Tarradell Mario March 16 1997 Selena s Power Culture Fusion The Dallas Morning News Retrieved November 18 2011 Malone 2003 p 158 Music Scene Philadelphia Inquirer May 23 1993 Retrieved November 18 2011 Billboard Charts gt Selena gt Top Latin Songs Billboard Retrieved January 30 2015 Lannert Bronson amp Mayfield 1995 p 72 80 82 Patoski 1996 p 135 Allmusic gt Selena Awards AllMusic Retrieved June 21 2012 Lannert John May 21 1994 Latin Music Conference Billboard Vol 106 no 21 p 112 Retrieved November 6 2011 a b c Tejano Music Awards Past Award Winners TejanoMusicAwards com Archived from the original on August 15 2010 Retrieved August 23 2010 Gonzalez Fernando May 16 1994 Lo Nuestro Billboard Honor Latin Singers The Miami Herald Lannert John September 2 1995 The Selena Phenomenon Billboard Vol 107 no 35 p 120 Retrieved November 6 2011 Patoski 1996 p 120 a b c Jasinski 2012 a b c Patoski 1996 p 146 Selena Life Events Corpus Christi Caller Times March 27 2005 Archived from the original on May 13 2006 Retrieved June 7 2006 Arraras 1997 p 51 Top Latin Albums gt Week of April 9 1994 Billboard Retrieved January 29 2012 Regional Mexican Albums gt Week of April 9 1994 Billboard Retrieved January 29 2012 Lannert John April 22 1995 Selena s Albums Soar Billboard Vol 107 no 16 Retrieved March 9 2015 a b Patoski 1996 p 152 Tarradell Mario April 1 1995 Singer soared beyond traditional limits on Tejano music The Dallas Morning News Retrieved November 4 2011 Paredez 2009 p 47 a b Arraras 1997 p 34 Lannert John June 10 1995 Beloved Selena Enters The Latin Music Hall of Fame Billboard Vol 107 no 23 p 112 Retrieved December 26 2011 Selena s Chart Performance Billboard Retrieved November 23 2011 Burr Ramiro April 14 1995 Five Selena albums reach Billboard 200 San Antonio Express News Retrieved August 14 2011 Moon 2008 p 990 Miguel 2002 p 110 Born on the Border Newsweek October 22 1995 Retrieved February 28 2015 Topping The Charts Year By Year Billboard Vol 110 no 48 November 28 1998 p LMQ3 Retrieved March 3 2010 Rivas Jorge March 31 2011 Remembering Selena s Trailblazing Music Colorlines Archived from the original on July 1 2017 Retrieved April 14 2011 Valdes Alisa April 7 1995 Loving Selena fans loved themselves Boston Globe Retrieved August 14 2011 permanent dead link Harrington Richard July 26 1995 Slain Tejano Singer s Album Tops Pop Chart The Washington Post Retrieved February 28 2015 a b Schone Mark April 20 1995 A Postmortem Star In death Selena is a crossover success Newsday Retrieved November 4 2011 permanent dead link Cortina Betty March 26 1999 A Sad Note Entertainment Weekly No 478 Archived from the original on June 23 2011 Retrieved September 11 2012 Lannert John April 6 1996 Tejano Music Awards Bigger But Not Necessarily Better Billboard Vol 108 no 14 Retrieved September 11 2012 Katz Jesse December 2002 The Curse of Zapata Los Angeles Magazine Vol 47 no 12 Retrieved September 11 2012 The Year In Review Vibe Vol 6 no 7 September 1998 Retrieved September 11 2012 permanent dead link Hernandez Lee April 15 2012 Selena Quintanilla Remembering The Queen Of Tejano Music On Her Birthday The Huffington Post Retrieved January 30 2015 Verhovek Sam April 1995 Grammy Winning Singer Selena Killed in Shooting at Texas Motel The New York Times Retrieved January 30 2015 The 50 Greatest Latin Albums of the Past 50 Years Billboard September 17 2015 Archived from the original on June 4 2016 Retrieved August 19 2016 Roiz amp 2015 b Diaz Hurtado Jessica July 24 2017 The 150 Greatest Albums Made By Women NPR Retrieved July 24 2017 Chart history gt Selena gt Donde Quiera Que Estes AllMusic Archived from the original on January 16 2013 Retrieved July 13 2011 a b c d Patoski 1996 p 123 Jones 2013 p 14 a b Patoski 1996 p 115 Selena Singer was on the verge of mainstream stardom The Atlanta Journal April 5 1995 Retrieved October 11 2011 Patoski 1996 p 182 a b c Patoski 1996 p 170 Patoski 1996 p 171 a b c Patoski 1996 p 183 Liebrum Jennifer Jamieson Wendell October 27 1995 Selena s Killer Gets 30 Years NY Daily News Archived from the original on May 19 2017 Retrieved July 12 2017 a b October 12 1995 testimony of Carla Anthony Houston Chronicle October 12 1995 Archived from the original on April 6 2007 Retrieved September 27 2015 Hewitt Bill April 17 1995 Before Her Time Death Murder Selena People Retrieved June 8 2010 a b c d e f Selena Famous Crime Scene Season 1 Episode 105 March 12 2010 30 minutes in VH1 October 12 1995 the testimony of Norma Martinez Houston Chronicle October 12 1995 Archived from the original on July 15 2007 Retrieved September 27 2015 Friday October 13 testimony of Shawna Vela Houston Chronicle October 13 1995 Archived from the original on July 10 2007 Retrieved September 27 2015 Arraras 1997 p 154 a b Surgeon Recalls Futile Emergency Treatment of Selena The Journal News October 20 1995 p 7 Retrieved June 5 2022 Mitchel Rick March 25 2005 In life she was the queen of Tejano music In death the 23 year old singer became a legend Houston Chronicle Retrieved March 8 2015 Doctor Selena Arrived Brain Dead Daily News October 20 1995 p 7 Retrieved March 18 2018 Futile Efforts to Save Selena Philadelphia Daily News October 20 1995 p 19 Retrieved March 18 2018 Villafranca Armando April 1 1995 Singer Selena shot to death Houston Chronicle Archived from the original on June 21 2007 Retrieved September 27 2015 County of Nueces office of the Medical Examiner April 20 1995 Selena autopsy report PDF Archived from the original PDF on May 30 2022 Retrieved May 30 2022 Cynthia Lopez y Andres Rivera March 27 2018 Foto a foto esto fue lo que le paso a Selena el dia que Yolanda la mato Univision in Spanish Retrieved March 18 2022 Nied Jennifer April 16 2021 There Were Rumors Selena Quintanilla Was Pregnant When She Was Shot yahoo life Retrieved March 18 2022 a b c d Patoski 1996 p 108 Tejano fans mourning for Selena Yolanda Saldivar who held a Corpus Christi police SWAT team at bay for nearly 10 hours after the shooting has been charged with murder Fort Worth Star Telegram April 2 1995 Retrieved September 15 2011 Patoski 1996 p 211 a b Milloy Ross E April 3 1995 For Slain Singer s Father Memories and Questions The New York Times Retrieved September 20 2011 Thousands Mourn Selena s Death Charlotte Observer April 3 1995 Retrieved September 15 2011 More than 30 000 view Selena s casket Fort Worth Star Telegram April 3 1995 Retrieved September 20 2011 Arraras 1997 p 28 Brown Eric April 3 1995 Saying goodbye Thousands bid Selena farewell Corpus Christi Caller Times Retrieved September 19 2015 Grave of Selena TexasTripper com Retrieved November 5 2017 Patoski 1996 p 215 Cabrera Rene April 3 1995 Selena tragedy jars Tejano industry Corpus Christi Caller Times Retrieved September 19 2015 Williams Frank B Lopetegui Enrique April 3 1995 Mourning Selena Nearly 4 000 Gather at L A Sports Arena Memorial for Slain Singer Latin Times Retrieved March 21 2015 Jasinski 2012 p 254 Rodriguez Gregory April 7 1997 Selena A Symbol of Today s Cultural Ties Los Angeles Times Retrieved September 27 2015 Patoski 1996 p 174 a b Selena s death leaves Tejano music world shocked mournful Corpus Christi Caller Times April 1 1995 Retrieved September 19 2015 Patoski 1996 p 199 Katz Jesse April 2 1995 For Barrio Selena s Death Strikes a Poignant Chord Tragedy Fans descend on superstar s home in Texas community Idolized singer didn t forget her roots Los Angeles Times Retrieved September 15 2011 permanent dead link Patoski 1996 p 200 Patoski 1996 p 165 Patoski 1996 p 201 Lannert John 1995 Latin pride Billboard Vol 107 no 23 p 112 Retrieved September 27 2015 a b c d e f g h i j Biography TV Series Selena episode Biography November 26 2010 60 minutes in The Biography Channel Muniz Janet Bidi Bidi Bom Bom The Audiotopias of Selena Across the Americas Claremont edu Retrieved February 28 2015 Arraras 1997 pp 24 27 Arraras 1997 p 24 Keveney Bill March 26 1996 Howard Stern Returns by Syndication to Hartford Station he left in 1980 Hartford Courant ProQuest 255830990 A real shocker from Stern Apology for Selena comments Daily News New York April 7 1995 Retrieved November 23 2013 Marikar Sheila May 14 2012 Howard Stern s Five Most Outrageous Offenses Good Morning America ABC Retrieved November 23 2013 Hispanics call Stern s apology for Selena remarks unacceptable Fort Worth Star Telegram April 7 1995 Retrieved September 20 2011 Arraras 1997 pp 26 27 Patoski 1996 p 227 Reports Wire April 14 1995 Sunday s Selena Day San Antonio Express News Retrieved October 6 2011 Texas Declares Selena Day Houston Chronicle April 17 1995 Retrieved February 28 2015 Patoski 1996 p 225 Patoski 1996 p 226 Patoski 1996 p 230 Selena s killer receives life sentence CNN October 26 1995 Retrieved August 17 2015 Southwest Texas Gun That Killed Singer Is To Be Destroyed The New York Times June 8 2002 Retrieved September 27 2015 Compiled Items June 11 2002 Gun used in slaying of Selena destroyed Chicago Tribune Retrieved October 26 2011 a b Mendoza Madalyn February 27 2015 28 reasons Selena makes our hearts go bidi bidi bom bom San Antonio Express News Retrieved March 26 2015 Burr Ramiro April 15 1995 EMI Set Honors Selena s Memory Billboard Vol 107 no 15 Retrieved February 2 2015 Ilan 2014 p 668 Stacy 2002 p 745 Moreno 2010 p 282 Gutierrez 2003 p 122 a b Tatum 2013 p 1032 Patoski 1996 p 121 Watrous Peter July 30 1995 Recordings View Inklings of What Might Have Been The New York Times Retrieved March 26 2015 a b Stavans Ilan November 20 1995 Dreaming of You New Republic Vol 213 no 21 pp 24 25 Retrieved March 26 2015 via EBSCO Corliss Richard June 24 2001 Viva Selena Time Retrieved March 26 2015 Selena s Posthumous Triumph Newsweek July 31 1995 Retrieved February 28 2015 Topics gt Selena Texas Monthly Retrieved February 28 2015 none Latin Style No 45 2002 The song My Love was written by Selena and samples from contemporary pop influences Other songs like Sukiyaki a cover of Kyu Sakamoto s 1963 hit Amame Quiereme her first duet with Pete Astudillo and the cumbia Besitos played a pivotal role on how Selena mixed rhythm and sound which became her trademark Paredez 2009 p 160 Burr 1999 p page needed selena baila esta cumbia Prampolini 2013 p 188 Erlewine Stephen Thomas Enamorada de Ti Album review AllMusic Retrieved September 3 2014 a b Pena 1999 p 206 Pilchak 2005 p 39 Paredez 2009 p 141 Arraras 1997 p 23 Arraras 1997 p 38 Foley 1997 p 16 Arraras 1997 p 59 Arraras 1997 p 60 a b Meier 2003 p 372 a b Foley 1997 p 24 Tiscareno Sato 2011 Reyes Paul March 31 2014 Still Missing Selena Here Are 6 Reasons Why NBC News Retrieved February 28 2015 Espinosa 2009 p 359 Jones 2013 p 88 Patoski 1996 p 167 Patoski 1996 p 117 Jasinski 2012 p 457 Corpus A Home Movie For Selena PBS January 14 1999 Archived from the original on March 28 2015 Retrieved March 9 2015 Fregoso 2010 p 20 Rebolledo 2005 p 126 Persall Steve March 21 1997 Selena becomes more saint than singer St Petersburg Times Retrieved December 28 2011 permanent dead link McLane Daisann March 18 1997 Santa Selena Does The Movie s Official Version of The Slain Tejano Singer s Life Show s The True Picture Sun Sentinel Retrieved December 28 2011 permanent dead link a b c Jones 2013 p 11 Patoski 1996 p 150 Arraras 1997 p 61 Jones 2013 p 9 a b Sickels 2013 p 482 Paredez 2009 p 12 Habell Pallan 2002 p 121 Vargas 2012 p 188 Segura 2007 p 477 Habell Pallan 2002 p 122 a b Quaintance Zack March 31 2010 Remembering Selena The Monitor Retrieved March 26 2015 Vargas 2012 p 183 Dunkel amp Smolowe 1998 p 151 Bailey 2004 p 185 Espinosa 2009 p 376 Candelaria 2004 p 755 Garcia 2002 p 220 a b True Philip April 17 1995 Selena s fans may turn her into folk hero San Antonio Express News Retrieved October 10 2011 Espinosa 2009 p 377 Akoukou Thompson Nicole January 3 2014 Selena Shakira Santana amp More The 100 Year History of Latin Music in the United States Latin Post Retrieved March 26 2015 a b Pareles Jon Caramanica Jon Ratliff Ben Chinen Nate Holden Stephen November 26 2010 Wow Every Song What s His Name Ever Recorded Movies Performing Arts Weekend Desk The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 ProQuest 812033801 a b Mitchell amp Reid Walsh 2007 p 387 Espinosa 2009 p 364 Espinosa 2009 p 372 Caulfield 2007 p 223 Vargas 2012 p 185 Vargas Deborah R 2007 Selena Sounding a Transnational Latina o Queer Imaginary English Language Notes 45 2 65 76 doi 10 1215 00138282 45 2 65 ISSN 0013 8282 McDonald 2010 p 364 Platenburg Gheni October 17 2011 Popularity of Tejano music wanes conjunto other Regional Mexican music takes over The Monitor Retrieved January 31 2015 No 1 start for Selena s Dreaming USA Today July 27 1995 Retrieved July 22 2011 permanent dead link Selena s Popularity Grows The Hour March 24 2004 Retrieved April 28 2013 Burr Ramiro July 25 1995 Selling like a dream Selena CD outpaces previous top sellers San Antonio Express News Retrieved January 19 2013 With first week sales of Dreaming of You at about 400 000 plus Selena has become the fastest selling female artist in music history Final full week sales figures will not be available until later this week but on Monday EMI Latin officials estimated Selena s sales at more than 400 000 which puts the late singer ahead of other previous top sellers including Janet Jackson Janet 350 000 Mariah Carey Bruno Anthony February 28 2011 AllMusic com Folding Into AllRovi com for One Stop Entertainment Shop Billboard Retrieved June 15 2013 Marrero Letisha November 2003 Ritmo Roundup Vibe Vol 13 no 13 p 172 Retrieved December 7 2011 Burr Ramiro March 26 2005 Upcoming Selena Tribute Billboard Vol 117 no 13 p 56 Retrieved December 7 2011 Lannert John August 5 1995 Latin Notas Billboard Vol 107 no 31 Retrieved December 2 2011 Lannert John June 10 1995 A Retrospective Billboard Vol 107 no 23 p 112 Retrieved December 7 2011 Nielsen Business Media Inc May 4 1996 Awards Show Billboard Vol 108 no 18 p 122 Retrieved December 7 2011 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a last1 has generic name help Estevez Marjua October 17 2017 The Top 25 Biggest Selling Latin Albums of the Last 25 Years Selena Shakira amp More Billboard Prometheus Global Media Retrieved October 18 2017 Guerra Joey January 28 2015 Selena to be honored at Fiesta de la Flor in Corpus Christi Houston Chronicle Jack Sweeney Retrieved March 9 2015 Guerra Joey October 30 2008 Gloria Estefan in a league of her own Person of the Year a longtime inspiration Houston Chronicle Retrieved June 26 2012 Jones 2000 p 81 Lannert John July 29 1995 Latin Music Has New Challenges At Anglo Market Billboard Vol 107 no 30 Retrieved March 26 2015 Jones 2000 p 82 Guerra Joey July 24 2012 A tribute to Selena among this year s QFest offerings Houston Chronicle Retrieved March 26 2015 Renter Melissa March 25 2010 The legacy of Selena San Antonio Express News Retrieved January 31 2015 Mayfield Geoff December 25 1999 Totally 90s Diary of a Decade Billboard Vol 111 no 52 p YE 16 18 ISSN 0006 2510 Retrieved March 30 2010 The American Dream The Dominion Post January 29 2001 Retrieved March 26 2015 Arraras 1997 p 33 Patoski 1996 p 318 Chito de la Torre May 12 1995 En Vivo Premio Lo Nuestro La Prensa de San Antonio in Spanish Duran Duran Industries Archived from the original on July 5 2015 Retrieved April 13 2015 Nielsen Business Media Inc March 2 1996 Billboard s Magazine 1996 Latin Music Awards Scheduled For May 1 At The Historical Gusman Center for Performing Arts Billboard Vol 108 no 9 Retrieved September 11 2012 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a last1 has generic name help Nielsen Business Media Inc April 29 2006 The Songwriters Speak Billboard Vol 118 no 17 Retrieved September 11 2012 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a last1 has generic name help Sara Ines Calderon January 18 2011 Selena Celia Cruz Tito Puente In U S Postal Stamp Form NewsTaco Retrieved March 7 2011 The 100 coolest Americans in history Times Union February 20 2014 Retrieved February 22 2014 Lannert John June 10 1995 Beloved Selena Enters The Latin Music Hall of Fame Billboard Vol 107 no 23 p 58 Retrieved April 11 2014 Marti Diana November 4 2017 Selena Quintanilla Officially Receives Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame E Online Retrieved November 4 2017 Selena Quintanilla s Walk of Fame Star Ceremony Attracts Record Crowd in Hollywood Associated Press November 4 2017 Retrieved November 5 2017 via Billboard Wener Ben Chang Daniel Eddy Steve Darling Cary December 30 1999 Choosing the 100 most influential Latin musicians of the 20th century Orange County Register Retrieved March 26 2015 Guerra Joey April 15 2014 Happy birthday Selena Our cumbia queen Houston Chronicle Retrieved April 7 2015 Lopez Antonio April 6 1997 Selena Selena We Hardly Knew You Santa Fe New Mexican Retrieved March 26 2015 Ryan Patrick June 25 2014 Michael Jackson joins a Posthumous Hot 100 USA Today Retrieved March 26 2015 Salians Rebecca December 9 2014 Fake story reporting Selena s killer leaving prison early nearly breaks the Internet in S Texas San Antonio Express News Retrieved March 26 2015 Ybarra Rose April 1 2005 Family perseveres after Selenas death The Brownsville Herald Archived from the original on April 4 2015 Retrieved March 26 2015 Jones 2000 p 87 Paredez 2009 p 116 Selena to Big Screen Entertainment Weekly No 291 September 8 1995 Archived from the original on December 4 2008 Retrieved December 28 2011 Pearlman Cindy March 16 1997 Selena the story behind the legend Chicago Sun Times Retrieved December 28 2011 Longsdorf Amy March 21 1997 Director Aims For Truth About Selena s Life The Morning Call Retrieved December 28 2011 permanent dead link Arraras 1997 p 31 Puente Teresa March 30 1997 The Unforeseen Legacy Of Selena Quintanilla Perez Chicago Tribune Retrieved March 26 2015 Tracy 2008 p 53 Selena Box Office Data News Cast Information The Numbers Retrieved January 22 2012 Selena Rotten Tomatoes Retrieved November 29 2011 Breakout Roles Jennifer Lopez Latina December 19 2011 Archived from the original on December 3 2013 Retrieved January 9 2012 Vargas 2012 p 53 a b Sanchez Clemente April 22 2011 Quien es Quien en el Teatro en Mexico Angie Vega Broadway World com Retrieved May 31 2011 Selena musical to be staged here in April Corpus Christi Caller Times February 3 2000 Archived from the original on May 17 2008 Retrieved October 25 2011 Crowds enjoy preview of Selena Forever Corpus Christi Caller Times March 22 2000 Archived from the original on May 15 2008 Retrieved October 25 2011 Cobo Leila April 23 2005 Selena s Appeal Still Strong Billboard Retrieved October 18 2011 Seidman Robert February 8 2011 Super Bowl XLV Most Watched Show in U S TV History Among Hispanic Viewers Tops World Cup Final TVbythenumbers Zap2it Archived from the original on February 10 2011 Retrieved May 26 2012 Gorman Bill February 16 2011 NFL 2010 Hispanic TV Recap Most Watched NFL Season Ever Among Hispanics TVbythenumbers Zap2it Archived from the original on February 17 2011 Retrieved May 26 2012 Nunez Alana January 28 2015 Selena Is Getting Her Own Festival to Honor the 20th Anniversary of Her Death Cosmopolitan Retrieved March 10 2015 Flores Adofo Mexican American Icon Selena Will Be Honored In Texas Festival 20 Years After Her Death BuzzFeed News Retrieved August 11 2021 Guerra Joey January 28 2015 Tejano star Selena to be honored at Fiesta de la Flor Houston Chronicle Retrieved October 25 2017 The Economic Impact of the Fiesta de la Flor Festival KIII TV April 27 2015 Archived from the original on April 28 2015 Retrieved April 29 2015 Selena Quintanilla Madame Tussauds Hollywood Madame Tussauds Hollywood Retrieved October 25 2017 Marissa Rodriguez September 17 2016 MAC honors late singer Selena with new line USA Today Retrieved October 6 2016 Acciardo Kelli 20 Best selling MAC Celeb Collaborations of All time Bustle Retrieved September 13 2017 Selena Quintanilla Inducted Into the Texas Women s Hall of Fame Billboard October 24 2016 Retrieved September 13 2017 Barrientos Brenda A New Exhibit Shows How Selena Quintanilla Changed the World of Marketing People Karsen Shira October 17 2017 The Story Behind Today s Selena Quintanilla Google Doodle Exclusive Billboard Retrieved October 17 2017 Everything We Know About Netflix s Selena The Series So Far Billboard Retrieved December 11 2020 Guglielmi Jodi December 11 2018 Bidi Bidi Bom Bom Netflix Announces Series About Murdered Tejano Music Icon Selena Quintanilla People Retrieved December 11 2018 Roiz Jessica April 1 2020 Everything We Know About Netflix s Selena The Series So Far Billboard Retrieved June 12 2020 Evans Greg October 6 2020 Netflix s Selena The Series Gets December Premiere Date Trailer Deadline Hollywood Archived from the original on October 6 2020 Retrieved October 6 2020 Evans Greg October 26 2020 Selena The Series Trailer Netflix Drama Charts Singer s Youthful Hopes Deadline Hollywood Archived from the original on October 26 2020 Retrieved October 26 2020 Petski Denise April 5 2021 Selena The Series Part 2 Netflix Sets New Premiere Date Unveils Teaser Deadline Hollywood Archived from the original on April 5 2021 Retrieved April 5 2021 Forever 21 Launches White Rose Collection Honoring Selena s Legacy Billboard Anything For Selena Latino USA Retrieved February 3 2021 Oliva John March 15 2021 Selena s family received her Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award ahead of 63rd annual ceremony USA Today Retrieved April 14 2021 Selena Memorial Mirador De La Flor TripAdvisor Retrieved March 21 2022 Selena vive en sus canciones Sintesis in Spanish March 30 2010 Archived from the original on July 22 2011 Retrieved March 21 2022 Fernandez Icess April 1 2005 Dedicated fans tour Selena related sites Many spend 10th anniversary of her death at mirador Corpus Christi Caller Times Retrieved March 31 2010 Paredez 2009 pp 70 80 Sources Bibliography A C Arraras Maria Celeste 1997 Selena s Secret The Revealing Story Behind Her Tragic Death Simon and Schuster ISBN 978 0684831930 Bailey Kay 2004 American heroines female role models in america HarperCollins ISBN 978 0061875359 Burr Ramiro 1999 The Billboard guide to Tejano and regional Mexican music 1st ed Billboard Books ISBN 978 0823076918 Retrieved October 10 2014 Candelaria Cordelia 2004 Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture Volume 1 Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0313332104 Castrellon Cristina August 31 2007 Selena su vida despues de su muerte in Spanish Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial Mexico ISBN 9786071110367 Retrieved October 10 2014 Caulfield Carlota 2007 A Companion to US Latino Literatures Boydell amp Brewer Ltd ISBN 978 1855661394 Clark Walter Aaron 2013 From Tejano to Tango Essays on Latin American Popular Music Routledge ISBN 978 1136536878 D F Dunkel Tom Smolowe Jill 1998 The most intriguing people of the century New York NY People Books ISBN 978 1883013141 Espinosa Gaston 2009 Mexican American Religions Spirituality Activism and Culture Duke University Press ISBN 978 0822388951 Foley Neil 1997 Reflexiones 1997 New Directions in Mexican American Studies University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0292725065 Fregoso Rosa Linda 2010 Lourdes Portillo The Devil Never Sleeps and Other Films University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0292757929 G J Garcia Alma M 2002 The Mexican Americans Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0313314995 Gutierrez Jose Angel 2003 Chicano Manual on How to Handle Gringos Arte Publico Press ISBN 978 1611920932 Habell Pallan Michelle 2002 Latino a Popular Culture NYU Press ISBN 978 0814737255 Ilan Stavans 2014 Latin Music Musicians Genres and Themes ABC CLIO ISBN 978 0313343964 Jasinski Laurie E 2012 Handbook of Texas Music Texas A amp M University Press ISBN 978 0876112977 Jones Steve 2000 Afterlife as Afterimage Understanding Posthumous Fame Peter Lang ISBN 978 0820463650 Jones Veda Boyd 2013 Selena They Died Too Young Infobase Learning ISBN 978 1438146379 K M Lannert John Bronson Fred Mayfield Geoff April 15 1995 Selena s Tragedy Echoed in Charts Billboard Vol 107 no 15 pp 72 80 82 Retrieved August 19 2016 Malone Bill C 2003 Southern Music American Music University Press of Kentucky ISBN 978 0813126357 McDonald Les 2010 The Day the Music Died Xlibris Corporation ISBN 978 1469113562 unreliable source Meier Matt S 2003 The Mexican American Experience An Encyclopedia Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0313316432 Miguel Guadalupe San 2002 Tejano Proud Tex Mex Music in the Twentieth Century Texas A amp M University Press ISBN 978 1585441884 Read online registration required Mitchell Claudia Reid Walsh Jacqueline eds 2007 Girl Culture An Encyclopedia Greenwood Publishing Group p 387 ISBN 978 0 313 08444 7 Retrieved November 27 2011 Moon Tom 2008 1 000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die A Listener s Life List Workman Publishing ISBN 978 0761139638 Morales Ed 2003 The Latin Beat The Rhythms And Roots Of Latin Music From Bossa Nova To Salsa And Beyond Da Capo Press ISBN 978 0786730209 Moreno Michael P 2010 Term Paper Resource Guide to Latino History ABC CLIO ISBN 978 0313379321 N P Novas Himilce 1995 Remembering Selena Turtleback Books ISBN 978 0613926379 Paredez Deborah 2009 Selenidad Selena Latinos and the Performance of Memory Durham NC Duke University Press ISBN 978 0822344896 Ebook ISBN 978 0822390893 Patoski Joe Nick 1996 Selena Como La Flor Boston Little Brown and Company ISBN 978 0 316 69378 3 Pena Manuel 1999 Musica Tejana The Cultural Economy of Artistic Transformation Texas A amp M University Press ISBN 978 0890968888 Perez Chris 2012 To Selena with Love Penguin Books ISBN 978 1101580264 Pilchak Angela M 2005 Contemporary Musicians Profiles of the People in Music Cengage Gale ISBN 978 0787680695 Prampolini Gaetano 2013 The Shade of the Saguaro La sombra del saguaro Essays on the Literary Cultures of the American Southwest Firenze University Press ISBN 978 8866553939 R S Rebolledo Tey Diana 2005 The Chronicles of Panchita Villa and Other Guerrilleras Essays on Chicana Latina Literature and Criticism University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0292709638 Roiz Jessica Lucia June 8 2015 Selena Quintanilla On NBC Universo When Where To Watch Back To Back Queen Of Tejano Special Latin Times Archived from the original on June 10 2016 Retrieved August 19 2016 Segura Denise A 2007 Remembering Selena Duke University Press ISBN 978 0822341185 Sickels Robert C 2013 100 Entertainers Who Changed America An Encyclopedia of Pop Culture Luminaries ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1598848311 Sobek Maria 2012 Celebrating Latino Folklore An Encyclopedia of Cultural Traditions Volume 1 ABC CLIO ISBN 978 0313343391 Stacy Lee 2002 Mexico and the United States Marshall Cavendish ISBN 978 0761474029 T Z Tatum Charles 2013 Encyclopedia of Latino Culture From Calaveras to Quinceaneras ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1440800993 Tiscareno Sato Graciela 2011 Latinnovating Green American Jobs and the Latinos Creating Them Gracefully Global Group ISBN 978 0983476009 Tracy Kathleen 2008 Jennifer Lopez A Biography Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0313355158 Vargas Deborah 2012 Dissonant Divas in Chicana Music The Limits of la Onda University of Minnesota Press ISBN 978 0816673162 External links Wikiquote has quotations related to Selena Wikimedia Commons has media related to Selena Official website SelenaVEVO on YouTube Selena on Grammy Awards Selena at IMDb Archival footage related to Selena from the Texas Archive of the Moving Image Portals Biography Texas Latin music Hispanic and Latino Americans Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Selena amp oldid 1150276422, 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