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Sageuk

April 05, 2023

Sageuk (Hangul: 사극, Hanja: 史劇; listen (help·info)) in Korean denotes historical dramas, including traditional drama plays, films or television series.[1][2] In English language literature sageuk usually refers to historical films and television series (of South Korea).[3][2][4] In North Korea, South Korean historical dramas are generally called 고전 영화 (Hanja: 古典 映畫, RR: Gojeon Yeonghwa) or classic film.

Sageuk
Yongin MBC Daejanggeum Park, where many sageuk television series are shot
Korean name
Hangul
사극
Hanja
史劇
Revised RomanizationSageuk
McCune–ReischauerSagŭk

The first known historical film, The Story of Chun-hyang filmed in 1923, was directed by a Japanese filmmaker. The first Korean sound film was also sageuk. The heyday of Korean cinema began in the 1950s and lasted until the 1980s, with many sageuk films released, like Lee Gyu-hwan's Chunhyang adaptation in 1955. In the 1960s, historical melodramas were significant, as well as martial arts films. In the 1970s, due to the popularity of television, cinema started to decline, and in the 1980s it encountered a crisis, which prompted filmmakers to try to win viewers back with erotic pieces. From the 1990s, Im Kwon-taek's movies, as well as The Legend of Gingko and The Eternal Empire are significant works. From the 2000s, sageuk films started flourishing, between 2012 and 2015 Korean cinema produced five sageuk that broke the 10 million viewership record. As of 2016 June, the highest grossing South Korean film is also a historical drama: The Admiral: Roaring Currents.

The first television series, a sageuk, of South Korea aired on state channel KBS in 1962, titled Gukto malli. In the 1970s, in contrast to the previous decade, historical TV series portrayed national heroes like Yi Sun-shin or Sejong the Great. The characteristic series of the 1980s was Joseonwangjo 500 nyeon ('500 Years of Joseon'). The 1990s were dominated by contemporary dramas with regards to popularity and viewership ratings, despite having produced a number of quality sageuk. The 2000s saw the birth of the "fusion sageuk" genre, which changed the historical series genre in South Korea. Some of the significant works from this period are Hur Jun, Damo, Dae Jang Geum and Queen Seondeok.

Popular themes of sageuk include elements from Korean folklore and mythology, famous or notorious princes, kings, national heroes and famous women.

History

 
The poster of Yangsan Province from 1955

Beginnings

 
Film still from The Story of Chun-hyang (1923).

The first film which can be regarded as a sageuk was The Story of Chun-hyang, directed by Japanese filmmaker Koshu Hayakawa (早川孤舟) in 1923.[3][5] The story of Chunhyang is a popular element of Korean folklore, recurring in Korean cinema, as well, having produced more than a dozen adaptations both in films and television series. Some cinematic milestones are also related to it, for example, Lee Myeong-woo's Chunhyangcheon (춘향전) in 1935 was the first Korean sound film.[3][2][6] From 1940, the number of Korean films declined, due to the Japanese colonialist policies forbidding films other than propaganda movies. Many filmmakers fled the country, and those remaining had to join the pro-Japanese camp. After the second world war ended, filmmakers rather celebrated independence and did not make historical pieces.[7][8]

After the Korean war, romanticism was the ruling school of 1950s historical movies in South Korea, often focusing on female characters. The roots of this can be traced back to theatres: grand changgeuks, or folk operas, had been popular, so much so, that they began to be adapted to film. Since these stories focused on human nature, fate, and feelings, actual historical backgrounds were irrelevant. These stories usually preferred the period of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, factual details of which were scarce, thus attention to historical factual accuracy could be avoided. In 1956, Wangja Hodonggwa Nangnang gongju (왕자호동과 낙랑공주) adapted the story of Prince Hodong and the Princess of Nakrang, Korea's very own Romeo and Juliet tale.[2][9]

The 1950s to the 1980s are considered the heyday of Chungmuro, or the Korean Hollywood, when more than 100 films were produced annually. The need for historical films was boosted by the success of such works as Lee Gyu-hwan's Chunhyang adaption (1955), Kim Ki-young's Yangsan Province or Jeon Chang-geun's Gojong hwangjewa uisa An Jung-geun (King Gojong and martyr An Jung-Geun; 1959).[10]

1960s

Sageuk successes of the 1960s were adaptations of works that had previously been successful in other art forms, for example as radio plays, theatrical plays, changgeuk operas or novels. Examples include Jang huibin (장희빈; 1961), Naesi (내시, 'Eunuch'; 1968) or Women of Yi Dynasty (이조 여인잔혹사, Ijo yeoinjanhoksa; 1969). The atmosphere this time was more conservative than in the 1950s, partially due to Park Chung-hee's dictatorship. Conforming to the circumstances, historical melodramas were preferred, but there were exceptions like Jeong Chang-hwa's martial arts films, inspired by the Shaw Brothers.[2] This is the period when Joseon became the focus of attention, depicting the relationship between kings and officials, determining the nature of historical films for the next decades. Viewers were now more interested in actual historical events than in mystified, old legends. Previously, people were searching for familiar themes in sageuk, due to modern inventions being relatively new to Korea at the time. By the 1960s, however, they got used to modernities, thus filmmakers turned to decadent themes or novel stories.[9][11][6]

 
Youn Yuh-jung, who played several historic figures in 1970s, such as Royal Noble Consort Hui in the 1971 MBC TV series Jang Hui-bin (1971)[12]

The first historical television series in South Korea was aired in 1962 on state channel KBS, titled Gukto malli (국토만리), directed by Kim Jae-hyeong (김재형), set in the era of Goguryeo.[3][13]

1970s

As television sets started to be rolled out en masse, the number of television series also grew. Just like in cinema, however, the policies of the ruling regime affected them as well. Thus dramatic historical figures were replaced by national heroes like general Yi Sun-shin or Sejong the Great.[2] Sageuk of the time mixed legends and reality, the major cause of which was the enormous demand for TV series. Historical factual accuracy would have required scriptwriters to research historical documents written in hanja characters, which, considering the demand and the daily episodes, would have been impossible. Also, legends were easier to be dramatized.[3]

As television dominated, cinema declined,[9] and out of all the historic films of the period only two could achieve success at the box office: Lee Gyu-ung's Seongung Yi Sun-shin (성웅 이순신) and yet another Chunhyangga adaptation, this time by Lee Seong-gu.[2] Critics applauded other works, like Gate of Woman (홍살문, Hongsalmun, 1972), An Executioner (망나니, Mangnani, 1974), Concentration of Attention (집념, Jibnyeom, 1976) or A War Diary (난중일기, Nanjungilgi, 1977).[14]

1980s

 
Lee Soon-jae, who played several historic figures since 1970s, such as Heungseon Daewongun (1982), Yoo Ui-tae (1991, 1999), Yi Hwang (2004), King Yeongjo (2007) & General Kim Jong-seo (2011)

The characteristic classic sageuk TV series of the 1980s was Joseonwangjo 500 nyeon (조선왕조500년, '500 Years of Joseon'), which ran for eight years, airing 11 separate TV series with over 800 episodes altogether, depicting the history of Joseon. The series referenced official historical documents (albeit liberally to some extent) and often included debated events and themes. It was directed by Lee Byung-hoon, who later also helmed the popular hallyu series Dae Jang Geum.[3][2][15] The state channel KBS aired Gaeguk (개국, 'Foundation of the Kingdom') which depicted King Taejo's usurpation of the Goryeo throne in an overtly positive light, reminiscent of Chun Du-hwan's rise in politics.[2]

The diverse programming on television devoured viewers from attending cinemas, and the film industry had but one way out: show a genre that could not be accessed through television. This is why they turned to making erotic films, a good portion of which were set in historical times. Movies like Eoudong (1985) or Does the Cuckoo Cry at Night (뻐꾸기도 밤에 우는가, Bbakkugido bame unenga, 1985) were also popular at the box office. Although erotic movies were popular, the sageuk genre saw a decline in South Korean cinema generally.[3][2]

1990s

At the beginning of the 1990s, historical films were scarce, except for Bae Chang-ho's Kkum (꿈, 'Dream'; 1990). The Eternal Empire (영원한 제국), which received outstanding critics, was released in 1995. The film is significant for its different take on the popular story of Crown Prince Sado, focusing on the political aftermath of his death, rather than the pain of the prince himself. Although it did not do well at the box office, the film received eight awards at the Grand Bell Awards, including Best Film and Best Director.[2] Im Kwon-taek's period films are also noteworthy, as well as The Legend of Gingko from 1996.[9]

The 1990s saw a number of sageuk on television, like Han Myeong-hui (한명회, 1994), Jang Nok-su (장녹수, 1995), Tears of the Dragon (용의 눈물, 1996–1998) or King of the Wind (대왕의 길, 1998). However, viewership ratings could not match up to that of contemporary Korean dramas, only a few could reach 30%, while for example the modern themed Eyes of Dawn recorded 58.3%,[16][17] Sandglass broke 50.8%.[18][3]

Since 2000

At the beginning of the 2000s, sageuk were preferred by older generations. Young people chose to watch contemporary series, which they could better relate to. Sageuk were often complicated, archaic in language use, and mainly employed older actors — thus were less appealing to younger generations. A change in attitude is attributed to producer and director Lee Byung-hoon, who entrusted the script of Hur Jun to a young, up-and-coming scriptwriter, Choi Wan-gyu. Instead of dry historical facts and distant wars, the series focused on emotions and relationships, revolving around the legendary Joseon royal physician. A new genre, "fusion sageuk" was born, changing the structure and format of Korean historical television series. In 2003, actress Ha Ji-won starred in Damo, the first HDTV format Korean TV series. The drama merged characteristics of trendy modern dramas with Hong Kong style wire-fu action scenes, narrating a fictional story set in a real historical time.[3]

 
Kim Soo-hyun in costume for fantasy sageuk Moon Embracing the Sun (2012)
 
Park Bo-gum in costume for youth, fusion sageuk Love in the Moonlight (2016)

As fusion sageuk conquered televisions, they started to infiltrate cinema, as well. This can be attributed partially to the success of television dramas and partially to the international success of such Chinese historical epics like Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Hero or the American Gladiator, prompting the need to produce such works at home, as well.[9] In 2003, Untold Scandal with drama icon Bae Yong-joon was released, but the real turning point in historical films came in 2005 with The King and the Clown, breaking box office records selling more than 12 million tickets.[19][3] Period films are also successful in the 2010s in South Korea, between 2012 and 2015, five out of all the films surpassing 10 million viewers were sageuk, and the record keeper (as of 2016 June) is also a historical piece: The Admiral: Roaring Currents sold 17.61 million tickets. The most popular ones are also of the fusion type, mixing historical facts with fictional people or events. Such works include for example, The Face Reader or Masquerade. Apart from so-called palace dramas, spectacular action-filled sageuk like War of the Arrows, The Grand Heist or Pirates are also successful in the 21st century. Film series have also appeared, like the Detective K-series, placing a crime investigation story into Joseon settings. Erotic period films experience a renaissance in South Korean cinema, with pieces like Forbidden Quest, The Servant or Empire of Lust.[20][9]

Sungkyunkwan Scandal (2010), Moon Embracing the Sun (2012) and Love in the Moonlight (2016) were all sageuk adapted from popular novels. They were initially targeted to a younger demographic but has since received mainstream and international success.[21] The productions have also put the spotlight to then emerging actors Song Joong-ki, Yoo Ah-in, Kim Soo-hyun, Park Bo-gum and Kim Yoo-jung.[22]

Large-scale sageuks have been rarely produced, but when they were launched, they often caught the attention of the public. Most of them have been fantasy-based, telling the audience a unique story of kings and queens who lived in the ancient era. The most well-known one so far has been The Legend (2007), which featured the Hallyu star Bae Yong-joon.[23] In 2018, Studio Dragon announced it is working on Arthdal Chronicles, a new fantasy sageuk casting Song Joong-ki and Kim Ji-won.[24] The drama started its first shooting on 1 June and recorded 8% personal best rating.[25][clarification needed]

On March 5, 2017, Netflix announced that it had given the production a series order for a first season of Kingdom.[26][27] Alongside the series announcement, it was confirmed that Kim Seong-hun would direct the series and that Kim Eun-hee would be credited as the writer.[26] Production companies involved with the series were slated to consist of AStory.[26][28]

Moreover, famous actors confirmed that they would join the web television series with plenty of political, supernatural and thrilling scenes. Those include Ju Ji-hoon, Ryu Seung-ryong, Bae Doona, Jeon Seok-ho, Kim Hye-jun and Heo Joon-ho.[29][30][31] Director Park In-je joined the production and directed the second episode and onward from season two.[32] On January 25, 2019, the first season of the series, consisting of six episodes, was released for streaming on Netflix.[33] The second season, also consisting of six episodes, was released on March 13, 2020.[34]

Lists

The following are notable Korean period drama series:

KBS

Daeha Drama

MBC

SBS

Cable

Popular themes

Popular themes include the following:[2][35][3]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Naver Dictionary.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l TwitchFilm.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k YumCha.
  4. ^ Alison Peirse (2010). Korean Horror Cinema. Edinburgh University Press. p. 84. ISBN 9780748643103.
  5. ^ Korean Cinema 1  Chapter: The Exhibition of Moving Pictures and the Advent of Korean Cinema 1897~1925, p. 19.
  6. ^ a b Pacquet.
  7. ^ Korean Cinema 2 Chapter: The Sound Film and Militarism 1935~1945; pp. 73–77.
  8. ^ Korean Cinema 3 Chapter: Liberation and the Korean War 1945~1953
  9. ^ a b c d e f Lee.
  10. ^ Korean Cinema 4 Chapter: The Revival the Film Industry 1954~1962; pp. 133–134.
  11. ^ Korean Cinema 5 Chapter: The Korean Cinema Renaissance and Genre Films 1963~1971; pp. 172–174.
  12. ^ '죽지 않는' 장희빈 벌써 9명, 김태희가 뒤 이을까. OhmyNews (in Korean). 22 September 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
  13. ^ "국토만리(國土萬里)" (in Korean). National Institute of Korean History. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
  14. ^ Korean Cinema 6 Chapter: The Authoritarian Period and a Depression in the Film Industry 1972~1979; p. 227.
  15. ^ KOCIS, p. 63.
  16. ^ Jung Jin-young (16 August 2014). "시청률 58% '여명의눈동자'가 온다, 60분 드라마로 재편". Newsen (in Korean).
  17. ^ 김대령 (12 September 2017). "[20년 전 오늘] 채시라는 '초콜릿 소녀' 시절이 그립지 않다". Sports Seoul (in Korean).
  18. ^ KOCIS, p. 65–66.
  19. ^ D’Sa, Nigel (25 April 2006). "King and the Clown Retires After Hit Run". Korea Film Biz Zone. Korean Film Council. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  20. ^ KoBiz 1.
  21. ^ "[기획] '구르미 그린 달빛'이 이어갈까…퓨전사극 속 꿀케미 커플+명대사 톱5". Sports Khan.
  22. ^ "[SW분석] 박보검, 김수현과 꼭 닮은 성장방식". Sportsworldi. 19 September 2016.
  23. ^ "태왕사신기". www.imbc.com. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  24. ^ "tvN 새 주말드라마 '아스달 연대기' 송중기·장동건·김지원·김옥빈 등 12인의 전설 탄생 예고!". daily.hankooki.com (in Korean). Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  25. ^ "Nielsen Korea". AGB Nielsen Media Research (in Korean). Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  26. ^ a b c "Two of Korea's Top Storytellers Unite for Kingdom - A New Netflix Original Series". Netflix Media Center. 5 March 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  27. ^ Lodderhose, Diana (3 June 2017). "Netflix Boards Korean Zombie Series 'Kingdom'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  28. ^ Kim, Su-bin (20 October 2017). "BAE Doo-na Confirmed for 6-episode Netflix Drama Series Kingdom". Korean Film Biz Zone. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  29. ^ Hong, Se-young (18 October 2017). "주지훈, 김은희 신작 '킹덤' 출연확정…배두나와 호흡 [공식입장]". Sports Donga (in Korean). Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  30. ^ Hwang, So-young (26 September 2017). "[단독] 전석호, '킹덤' 합류…주지훈X류승룡과 호흡". Ilgan Sports (in Korean). Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  31. ^ Kim, Yoon-ji (29 September 2017). "[단독]허준호, 김은희 작가 '킹덤' 합류…긴장감 유발자". Edaily (in Korean). Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  32. ^ Kim, Mi-Hwa (13 February 2019). "'킹덤2' 크랭크인, 김성훈 감독→박인제 감독 투입". Sportal Korea (in Korean). Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  33. ^ Goslin, Austen (9 January 2019). "Kingdom, Netflix's show about a zombie apocalypse in medieval Korea, premieres Jan. 25". Polygon. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  34. ^ Lee, Jan (15 March 2020). "Season two of period zombie series Kingdom about blood: Writer Kim Eun-hee". The Straits Times. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  35. ^ Kobiz 1.

References

  • "How Period Films Became the Hottest Trend in Korean Cinema in the 21st Century?". Korean Film Biz Zone. Korean Film Council. 7 September 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  • K-Drama: A New TV Genre with Global Appeal (pdf). KOCIS. 2011. ISBN 978-89-7375-167-9. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  • "Korea's fusion sageuk". Korea.net. 12 March 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  • Kim Mi-hyeon, ed. (2007). Korean cinema: from origins to renaissance (pdf). CommBooks/KOBIZ.
  • Darcy Pacquet. "A Short History of Korean Film". Koreanfilm.org. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  • Lee Yong-cheol (24 January 2014). "The Secret of Period Drama". KOFIC. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  • "사극" (in Korean). Naver Dictionary. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  • . TwitchFilm. 2009. Archived from the original on 2 June 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  • "Sageuk, Korea's 80 Year Long Love for History". YumCha/Yesasia. 14 May 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

April 05, 2023
sageuk, hangul, 사극, hanja, 史劇, listen, help, info, korean, denotes, historical, dramas, including, traditional, drama, plays, films, television, series, english, language, literature, sageuk, usually, refers, historical, films, television, series, south, korea. Sageuk Hangul 사극 Hanja 史劇 listen help info in Korean denotes historical dramas including traditional drama plays films or television series 1 2 In English language literature sageuk usually refers to historical films and television series of South Korea 3 2 4 In North Korea South Korean historical dramas are generally called 고전 영화 Hanja 古典 映畫 RR Gojeon Yeonghwa or classic film SageukYongin MBC Daejanggeum Park where many sageuk television series are shotKorean nameHangul사극Hanja史劇Revised RomanizationSageukMcCune ReischauerSagŭkThe first known historical film The Story of Chun hyang filmed in 1923 was directed by a Japanese filmmaker The first Korean sound film was also sageuk The heyday of Korean cinema began in the 1950s and lasted until the 1980s with many sageuk films released like Lee Gyu hwan s Chunhyang adaptation in 1955 In the 1960s historical melodramas were significant as well as martial arts films In the 1970s due to the popularity of television cinema started to decline and in the 1980s it encountered a crisis which prompted filmmakers to try to win viewers back with erotic pieces From the 1990s Im Kwon taek s movies as well as The Legend of Gingko and The Eternal Empire are significant works From the 2000s sageuk films started flourishing between 2012 and 2015 Korean cinema produced five sageuk that broke the 10 million viewership record As of 2016 June the highest grossing South Korean film is also a historical drama The Admiral Roaring Currents The first television series a sageuk of South Korea aired on state channel KBS in 1962 titled Gukto malli In the 1970s in contrast to the previous decade historical TV series portrayed national heroes like Yi Sun shin or Sejong the Great The characteristic series of the 1980s was Joseonwangjo 500 nyeon 500 Years of Joseon The 1990s were dominated by contemporary dramas with regards to popularity and viewership ratings despite having produced a number of quality sageuk The 2000s saw the birth of the fusion sageuk genre which changed the historical series genre in South Korea Some of the significant works from this period are Hur Jun Damo Dae Jang Geum and Queen Seondeok Popular themes of sageuk include elements from Korean folklore and mythology famous or notorious princes kings national heroes and famous women Contents 1 History 1 1 Beginnings 1 2 1960s 1 3 1970s 1 4 1980s 1 5 1990s 1 6 Since 2000 2 Lists 2 1 KBS 2 1 1 Daeha Drama 2 2 MBC 2 3 SBS 2 4 Cable 3 Popular themes 4 See also 5 Notes 6 ReferencesHistory Edit The poster of Yangsan Province from 1955 Beginnings Edit Film still from The Story of Chun hyang 1923 The first film which can be regarded as a sageuk was The Story of Chun hyang directed by Japanese filmmaker Koshu Hayakawa 早川孤舟 in 1923 3 5 The story of Chunhyang is a popular element of Korean folklore recurring in Korean cinema as well having produced more than a dozen adaptations both in films and television series Some cinematic milestones are also related to it for example Lee Myeong woo s Chunhyangcheon 춘향전 in 1935 was the first Korean sound film 3 2 6 From 1940 the number of Korean films declined due to the Japanese colonialist policies forbidding films other than propaganda movies Many filmmakers fled the country and those remaining had to join the pro Japanese camp After the second world war ended filmmakers rather celebrated independence and did not make historical pieces 7 8 After the Korean war romanticism was the ruling school of 1950s historical movies in South Korea often focusing on female characters The roots of this can be traced back to theatres grand changgeuks or folk operas had been popular so much so that they began to be adapted to film Since these stories focused on human nature fate and feelings actual historical backgrounds were irrelevant These stories usually preferred the period of the Three Kingdoms of Korea factual details of which were scarce thus attention to historical factual accuracy could be avoided In 1956 Wangja Hodonggwa Nangnang gongju 왕자호동과 낙랑공주 adapted the story of Prince Hodong and the Princess of Nakrang Korea s very own Romeo and Juliet tale 2 9 The 1950s to the 1980s are considered the heyday of Chungmuro or the Korean Hollywood when more than 100 films were produced annually The need for historical films was boosted by the success of such works as Lee Gyu hwan s Chunhyang adaption 1955 Kim Ki young s Yangsan Province or Jeon Chang geun s Gojong hwangjewa uisa An Jung geun King Gojong and martyr An Jung Geun 1959 10 1960s Edit Sageuk successes of the 1960s were adaptations of works that had previously been successful in other art forms for example as radio plays theatrical plays changgeuk operas or novels Examples include Jang huibin 장희빈 1961 Naesi 내시 Eunuch 1968 or Women of Yi Dynasty 이조 여인잔혹사 Ijo yeoinjanhoksa 1969 The atmosphere this time was more conservative than in the 1950s partially due to Park Chung hee s dictatorship Conforming to the circumstances historical melodramas were preferred but there were exceptions like Jeong Chang hwa s martial arts films inspired by the Shaw Brothers 2 This is the period when Joseon became the focus of attention depicting the relationship between kings and officials determining the nature of historical films for the next decades Viewers were now more interested in actual historical events than in mystified old legends Previously people were searching for familiar themes in sageuk due to modern inventions being relatively new to Korea at the time By the 1960s however they got used to modernities thus filmmakers turned to decadent themes or novel stories 9 11 6 Youn Yuh jung who played several historic figures in 1970s such as Royal Noble Consort Hui in the 1971 MBC TV series Jang Hui bin 1971 12 The first historical television series in South Korea was aired in 1962 on state channel KBS titled Gukto malli 국토만리 directed by Kim Jae hyeong 김재형 set in the era of Goguryeo 3 13 1970s Edit As television sets started to be rolled out en masse the number of television series also grew Just like in cinema however the policies of the ruling regime affected them as well Thus dramatic historical figures were replaced by national heroes like general Yi Sun shin or Sejong the Great 2 Sageuk of the time mixed legends and reality the major cause of which was the enormous demand for TV series Historical factual accuracy would have required scriptwriters to research historical documents written in hanja characters which considering the demand and the daily episodes would have been impossible Also legends were easier to be dramatized 3 As television dominated cinema declined 9 and out of all the historic films of the period only two could achieve success at the box office Lee Gyu ung s Seongung Yi Sun shin 성웅 이순신 and yet another Chunhyangga adaptation this time by Lee Seong gu 2 Critics applauded other works like Gate of Woman 홍살문 Hongsalmun 1972 An Executioner 망나니 Mangnani 1974 Concentration of Attention 집념 Jibnyeom 1976 or A War Diary 난중일기 Nanjungilgi 1977 14 1980s Edit Lee Soon jae who played several historic figures since 1970s such as Heungseon Daewongun 1982 Yoo Ui tae 1991 1999 Yi Hwang 2004 King Yeongjo 2007 amp General Kim Jong seo 2011 The characteristic classic sageuk TV series of the 1980s was Joseonwangjo 500 nyeon 조선왕조500년 500 Years of Joseon which ran for eight years airing 11 separate TV series with over 800 episodes altogether depicting the history of Joseon The series referenced official historical documents albeit liberally to some extent and often included debated events and themes It was directed by Lee Byung hoon who later also helmed the popular hallyu series Dae Jang Geum 3 2 15 The state channel KBS aired Gaeguk 개국 Foundation of the Kingdom which depicted King Taejo s usurpation of the Goryeo throne in an overtly positive light reminiscent of Chun Du hwan s rise in politics 2 The diverse programming on television devoured viewers from attending cinemas and the film industry had but one way out show a genre that could not be accessed through television This is why they turned to making erotic films a good portion of which were set in historical times Movies like Eoudong 1985 or Does the Cuckoo Cry at Night 뻐꾸기도 밤에 우는가 Bbakkugido bame unenga 1985 were also popular at the box office Although erotic movies were popular the sageuk genre saw a decline in South Korean cinema generally 3 2 1990s Edit At the beginning of the 1990s historical films were scarce except for Bae Chang ho s Kkum 꿈 Dream 1990 The Eternal Empire 영원한 제국 which received outstanding critics was released in 1995 The film is significant for its different take on the popular story of Crown Prince Sado focusing on the political aftermath of his death rather than the pain of the prince himself Although it did not do well at the box office the film received eight awards at the Grand Bell Awards including Best Film and Best Director 2 Im Kwon taek s period films are also noteworthy as well as The Legend of Gingko from 1996 9 The 1990s saw a number of sageuk on television like Han Myeong hui 한명회 1994 Jang Nok su 장녹수 1995 Tears of the Dragon 용의 눈물 1996 1998 or King of the Wind 대왕의 길 1998 However viewership ratings could not match up to that of contemporary Korean dramas only a few could reach 30 while for example the modern themed Eyes of Dawn recorded 58 3 16 17 Sandglass broke 50 8 18 3 Since 2000 Edit At the beginning of the 2000s sageuk were preferred by older generations Young people chose to watch contemporary series which they could better relate to Sageuk were often complicated archaic in language use and mainly employed older actors thus were less appealing to younger generations A change in attitude is attributed to producer and director Lee Byung hoon who entrusted the script of Hur Jun to a young up and coming scriptwriter Choi Wan gyu Instead of dry historical facts and distant wars the series focused on emotions and relationships revolving around the legendary Joseon royal physician A new genre fusion sageuk was born changing the structure and format of Korean historical television series In 2003 actress Ha Ji won starred in Damo the first HDTV format Korean TV series The drama merged characteristics of trendy modern dramas with Hong Kong style wire fu action scenes narrating a fictional story set in a real historical time 3 Kim Soo hyun in costume for fantasy sageuk Moon Embracing the Sun 2012 Park Bo gum in costume for youth fusion sageuk Love in the Moonlight 2016 As fusion sageuk conquered televisions they started to infiltrate cinema as well This can be attributed partially to the success of television dramas and partially to the international success of such Chinese historical epics like Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon Hero or the American Gladiator prompting the need to produce such works at home as well 9 In 2003 Untold Scandal with drama icon Bae Yong joon was released but the real turning point in historical films came in 2005 with The King and the Clown breaking box office records selling more than 12 million tickets 19 3 Period films are also successful in the 2010s in South Korea between 2012 and 2015 five out of all the films surpassing 10 million viewers were sageuk and the record keeper as of 2016 June is also a historical piece The Admiral Roaring Currents sold 17 61 million tickets The most popular ones are also of the fusion type mixing historical facts with fictional people or events Such works include for example The Face Reader or Masquerade Apart from so called palace dramas spectacular action filled sageuk like War of the Arrows The Grand Heist or Pirates are also successful in the 21st century Film series have also appeared like the Detective K series placing a crime investigation story into Joseon settings Erotic period films experience a renaissance in South Korean cinema with pieces like Forbidden Quest The Servant or Empire of Lust 20 9 Sungkyunkwan Scandal 2010 Moon Embracing the Sun 2012 and Love in the Moonlight 2016 were all sageuk adapted from popular novels They were initially targeted to a younger demographic but has since received mainstream and international success 21 The productions have also put the spotlight to then emerging actors Song Joong ki Yoo Ah in Kim Soo hyun Park Bo gum and Kim Yoo jung 22 Large scale sageuk s have been rarely produced but when they were launched they often caught the attention of the public Most of them have been fantasy based telling the audience a unique story of kings and queens who lived in the ancient era The most well known one so far has been The Legend 2007 which featured the Hallyu star Bae Yong joon 23 In 2018 Studio Dragon announced it is working on Arthdal Chronicles a new fantasy sageuk casting Song Joong ki and Kim Ji won 24 The drama started its first shooting on 1 June and recorded 8 personal best rating 25 clarification needed On March 5 2017 Netflix announced that it had given the production a series order for a first season of Kingdom 26 27 Alongside the series announcement it was confirmed that Kim Seong hun would direct the series and that Kim Eun hee would be credited as the writer 26 Production companies involved with the series were slated to consist of AStory 26 28 Moreover famous actors confirmed that they would join the web television series with plenty of political supernatural and thrilling scenes Those include Ju Ji hoon Ryu Seung ryong Bae Doona Jeon Seok ho Kim Hye jun and Heo Joon ho 29 30 31 Director Park In je joined the production and directed the second episode and onward from season two 32 On January 25 2019 the first season of the series consisting of six episodes was released for streaming on Netflix 33 The second season also consisting of six episodes was released on March 13 2020 34 Lists EditThe following are notable Korean period drama series KBS Edit Empress Myeongseong 2001 2002 Royal Story Jang Hui bin 2002 2003 Emperor of the Sea 2004 2005 Hwang Jini 2006 Conspiracy in the Court 2007 Sungkyunkwan Scandal 2010 The Princess Man 2011 Jeon Woo chi 2012 2013 Gunman in Joseon 2014 The King s Face 2014 2015 The Merchant Gaekju 2015 2015 2016 Love in the Moonlight 2016 Hwarang The Poet Warrior Youth 2016 2017 Queen for Seven Days 2017 The Tale of Nokdu 2019 Royal Secret Agent 2020 2021 River Where the Moon Rises 2021 Bloody Heart 2022 Daeha Drama Edit Daemyeong 1981 Wind and Cloud 1982 Foundation of the Kingdom 1983 Independence Gate 1984 Dawn 1985 Windfall 1986 1987 Yi hwa 1987 Land 1987 1989 And So Flows History 1989 1990 Dawn of the Day 1990 The Royal Way 1991 Flowers That Never Wilt 1991 1992 Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms 1992 1993 The Break of Dawn 1993 Kim Gu 1995 Dazzling Dawn 1995 1996 Tears of the Dragon 1996 1998 The King and the Queen 1998 2000 Taejo Wang Geon 2000 2002 The Dawn of the Empire 2002 2003 Age of Warriors 2003 2004 Immortal Admiral Yi Sun sin 2004 2005 Seoul 1945 2006 Dae Jo yeong 2006 2007 The Great King Sejong 2008 Empress Cheonchu 2009 The King of Legend 2010 2011 Gwanggaeto The Great Conqueror 2011 2012 Dream of the Emperor 2012 2013 Jeong Do jeon 2014 The Jingbirok A Memoir of Imjin War 2015 Jang Yeong sil 2016 The King of Tears Lee Bang won 2021 2022 MBC Edit Hur Jun 1999 Sangdo Merchants of Joseon 2001 Damo 2003 Dae Jang Geum Jewel in the Palace 2003 Shin Don Powerful Servant of Koryo 2005 Jumong Prince of Legend 2006 2007 The Legend 2007 Lee San Wind of the Palace 2007 The Great Queen Seondeok 2009 Dong Yi The Jewel in the Crown 2010 Gyebaek Warrior s Fate 2011 Moon Embracing the Sun 2012 Arang and the Magistrate 2012 God of War 2012 The King s Doctor 2012 Gu Family Book 2013 Goddess of Fire 2013 Empress Ki 2013 The King s Daughter Soo Baek hyang 2013 2014 Diary of a Night Watchman 2014 Shine or Go Crazy 2015 Splendid Politics 2015 The Scholar Who Walks the Night 2015 Flowers of the Prison 2016 Rebel Thief Who Stole the People 2017 The Emperor Owner of the Mask 2017 The King in Love 2017 Rookie Historian Goo Hae ryung 2019 The Red Sleeve 2021 2022 The Forbidden Marriage 2022 2023 SBS Edit Ladies of the Palace 2002 King s Woman 2003 Jang Gil San 2004 Ballad of Seodong 2005 2005 The King and I 2007 2008 Iljimae 2008 Painter of the Wind 2008 Ja Myung Go 2009 Warrior Baek Dong soo 2011 Deep Rooted Tree 2011 Faith 2012 Jang Ok jung Living by Love 2013 Secret Door 2014 Six Flying Dragons 2015 Moon Lovers Scarlet Heart Ryeo 2016 Saimdang Memoir of Colors 2017 My Sassy Girl 2017 Nokdu Flower 2019 Haechi 2019 Lovers of the Red Sky 2021 Cable Edit Insu the Queen Mother 2011 JTBC Queen In hyun s Man 2012 tvN Blooded Palace The War of Flowers 2013 JTBC More Than a Maid 2014 JTBC The Three Musketeers 2014 tvN Secret Healer Mirror of the Witch 2016 JTBC Grand Prince 2018 TV Chosun 100 Days My Prince 2018 tvN Mr Sunshine 2018 TVN The Crowned Clown 2019 TVN Flower Crew Joseon Marriage Agency 2019 JTBC My Country The New Age 2019 JTBC Queen Love and War 2019 2020 TV Chosun Kingmaker The Change of Destiny 2020 TV Chosun Mr Queen 2020 2021 TVN Bossam Steal the Fate 2021 MBN Alchemy of Souls 2022 tvN Poong the Joseon Psychiatrist 2022 tvN Under the Queen s Umbrella 2022 tvN Popular themes EditPopular themes include the following 2 35 3 Elements of Korean folklore pansori tales like Chunhyangga folk tales like Prince Hodong and the Princess of Nakrang mythological creatures like gumihos Three Kingdoms of Korea North South States Period Goryeo kings especially those with dramatic life stories like King Taejo Wang Geon King Gwangjong Wang So King Gongmin Wang Jeon and King Gongyang Wang Yo Joseon princes and kings especially those with dramatic life stories like King Taejo Yi Seong gye King Taejong Yi Bang won King Sejong the Great Yi Do King Sejo Yi Yu King Yeonsan Yi Yung King Gwanghae Yi Hon Crown Prince Sado Yi Seon King Jeongjo Yi San Heungseon Daewongun Yi Ha eung and Emperor Gojong Yi Myeong bok Famous women like Hwang Jini Jang Hui bin Jang Nok su Queen Munjeong Shin Saimdang Jang geum Empress Myeongseong and Queen Seondeok Famous scholars like Jeong Mong ju Jeong Do jeon Shin Suk ju Hwang Hui Jo Gwang jo Yi Hwang Yi I Ryu Seong ryong and Jung Yak yong Famous soldiers like Choi Young and Yi Sun shin Cross dressing heroinesSee also EditHistorical dramaNotes Edit Naver Dictionary sfn error no target CITEREFNaver Dictionary help a b c d e f g h i j k l TwitchFilm sfn error no target CITEREFTwitchFilm help a b c d e f g h i j k YumCha sfn error no target CITEREFYumCha help Alison Peirse 2010 Korean Horror Cinema Edinburgh University Press p 84 ISBN 9780748643103 Korean Cinema 1 Chapter The Exhibition of Moving Pictures and the Advent of Korean Cinema 1897 1925 p 19 sfn error no target CITEREFKorean Cinema 1 help a b Pacquet sfn error no target CITEREFPacquet help Korean Cinema 2 Chapter The Sound Film and Militarism 1935 1945 pp 73 77 sfn error no target CITEREFKorean Cinema 2 help Korean Cinema 3 Chapter Liberation and the Korean War 1945 1953sfn error no target CITEREFKorean Cinema 3 help a b c d e f Lee sfn error no target CITEREFLee help Korean Cinema 4 Chapter The Revival the Film Industry 1954 1962 pp 133 134 sfn error no target CITEREFKorean Cinema 4 help Korean Cinema 5 Chapter The Korean Cinema Renaissance and Genre Films 1963 1971 pp 172 174 sfn error no target CITEREFKorean Cinema 5 help 죽지 않는 장희빈 벌써 9명 김태희가 뒤 이을까 OhmyNews in Korean 22 September 2012 Retrieved 26 January 2013 국토만리 國土萬里 in Korean National Institute of Korean History Retrieved 2 June 2014 Korean Cinema 6 Chapter The Authoritarian Period and a Depression in the Film Industry 1972 1979 p 227 sfn error no target CITEREFKorean Cinema 6 help KOCIS p 63 sfn error no target CITEREFKOCIS help Jung Jin young 16 August 2014 시청률 58 여명의눈동자 가 온다 60분 드라마로 재편 Newsen in Korean 김대령 12 September 2017 20년 전 오늘 채시라는 초콜릿 소녀 시절이 그립지 않다 Sports Seoul in Korean KOCIS p 65 66 sfn error no target CITEREFKOCIS help D Sa Nigel 25 April 2006 King and the Clown Retires After Hit Run Korea Film Biz Zone Korean Film Council Retrieved 7 January 2016 KoBiz 1 sfn error no target CITEREFKoBiz 1 help 기획 구르미 그린 달빛 이 이어갈까 퓨전사극 속 꿀케미 커플 명대사 톱5 Sports Khan SW분석 박보검 김수현과 꼭 닮은 성장방식 Sportsworldi 19 September 2016 태왕사신기 www imbc com Retrieved 6 June 2019 tvN 새 주말드라마 아스달 연대기 송중기 장동건 김지원 김옥빈 등 12인의 전설 탄생 예고 daily hankooki com in Korean Retrieved 6 June 2019 Nielsen Korea AGB Nielsen Media Research in Korean Retrieved 1 June 2019 a b c Two of Korea s Top Storytellers Unite for Kingdom A New Netflix Original Series Netflix Media Center 5 March 2017 Retrieved 13 April 2019 Lodderhose Diana 3 June 2017 Netflix Boards Korean Zombie Series Kingdom Deadline Hollywood Retrieved 5 July 2017 Kim Su bin 20 October 2017 BAE Doo na Confirmed for 6 episode Netflix Drama Series Kingdom Korean Film Biz Zone Retrieved 16 February 2018 Hong Se young 18 October 2017 주지훈 김은희 신작 킹덤 출연확정 배두나와 호흡 공식입장 Sports Donga in Korean Retrieved 16 February 2018 Hwang So young 26 September 2017 단독 전석호 킹덤 합류 주지훈X류승룡과 호흡 Ilgan Sports in Korean Retrieved 16 February 2018 Kim Yoon ji 29 September 2017 단독 허준호 김은희 작가 킹덤 합류 긴장감 유발자 Edaily in Korean Retrieved 19 February 2018 Kim Mi Hwa 13 February 2019 킹덤2 크랭크인 김성훈 감독 박인제 감독 투입 Sportal Korea in Korean Retrieved 24 June 2019 Goslin Austen 9 January 2019 Kingdom Netflix s show about a zombie apocalypse in medieval Korea premieres Jan 25 Polygon Retrieved 13 April 2019 Lee Jan 15 March 2020 Season two of period zombie series Kingdom about blood Writer Kim Eun hee The Straits Times Retrieved 15 March 2020 Kobiz 1 sfn error no target CITEREFKobiz 1 help References Edit How Period Films Became the Hottest Trend in Korean Cinema in the 21st Century Korean Film Biz Zone Korean Film Council 7 September 2015 Retrieved 11 January 2016 K Drama A New TV Genre with Global Appeal pdf KOCIS 2011 ISBN 978 89 7375 167 9 Retrieved 13 January 2016 Korea s fusion sageuk Korea net 12 March 2012 Retrieved 11 January 2016 Kim Mi hyeon ed 2007 Korean cinema from origins to renaissance pdf CommBooks KOBIZ Darcy Pacquet A Short History of Korean Film Koreanfilm org Retrieved 11 January 2016 Lee Yong cheol 24 January 2014 The Secret of Period Drama KOFIC Retrieved 13 January 2016 사극 in Korean Naver Dictionary Retrieved 11 January 2016 영원한 제국 Eternal Empire and Chungmuro s Love Hate for History TwitchFilm 2009 Archived from the original on 2 June 2014 Retrieved 11 January 2016 Sageuk Korea s 80 Year Long Love for History YumCha Yesasia 14 May 2007 Retrieved 11 January 2016 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sageuk amp oldid 1131760578, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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