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Wikipedia

Poa

December 01, 2023

Not to be confused with Poá.
For other uses, see POA (disambiguation).

Poa[2] is a genus of about 570 species of grasses, native to the temperate regions of both hemispheres. Common names include meadow-grass (mainly in Europe and Asia), bluegrass (mainly in North America), tussock (some New Zealand species), and speargrass. Poa (πόα) is Greek for "fodder". Poa are members of the subfamily Pooideae of the family Poaceae.[3][4][5][6][7]

Poa
Poa annua (annual meadow-grass)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Supertribe: Poodae
Tribe: Poeae
Subtribe: Poinae
Dumort.
Genus: Poa
L. (1753)
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy
  • Anthochloa Nees & Meyen (1835)
  • Aphanelytrum Hack. (1902)
  • Austrofestuca (Tzvelev) E.B.Alexeev (1976)
  • Dasypoa Pilg. (1898)
  • Dissanthelium Trin. (1836)
  • Eremopoa Roshev. (1934)
  • Graminastrum E.H.L.Krause (1914)
  • Libyella Pamp. (1925)
  • Lindbergella Bor (1969)
  • Lindbergia Bor (1968), nom. illeg.
  • Neuropoa Clayton (1985)
  • Ochlopoa (Asch. & Graebn.) H.Scholz (2003)
  • Paneion Lunell (1915), nom. superfl.
  • Panicularia Heist. ex Fabr. (1759), nom. superfl.
  • Parodiochloa C.E.Hubb. (1981)
  • Phalaridium Nees & Meyen (1841)
  • Poagris Raf. (1837), nom. superfl.
  • Stenochloa Nutt. (1848)
  • Tovarochloa T.D.Macfarl. & But (1982)
  • Tzvelevia E.B.Alexeev (1985)
"Bluegrass": The seed pods go from green to purplish blue to brown. During the purplish blue phase the seed stems have a navy-blue coating.
Poa trivialis (rough meadow-grass), showing the ligule structure

Bluegrass, which has green leaves, derives its name from the seed heads, which are blue when the plant is allowed to grow to its natural height of two to three feet (0.6 to 0.9 meters).[8][9][10]

The genus Poa includes both annual and perennial species. Most are monoecious, but a few are dioecious (separate male and female plants). The leaves are narrow, folded or flat, sometimes bristled, and with the basal sheath flattened or sometimes thickened, with a blunt or hooded apex and membranaceous ligule.[11][12][13]

Cultivation and uses edit

Many of the species are important pasture plants, used extensively by grazing livestock. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is the most extensively used cool-season grass used in lawns, sports fields, and golf courses in the United States.[14] Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) can sometimes be considered a weed.[15]

According to second-century physician Galen, the roots of certain species are good for treating fresh wounds and bleeding. In the sixteenth century, Poa grasses were used to treat inflammation of the kidney.[16]

Some of the Poa species are popular for gardens and for landscaping in New Zealand.

Insect foodplant edit

See also: List of Lepidoptera that feed on grasses

Lepidoptera whose caterpillars feed on Poa include:

Selected species edit

Main article: List of Poa species

References edit

  1. ^ Poa L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  2. ^ From Greek πόα "grass, meadow."
  3. ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 257 早熟禾属 zao shu he shu Poa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 67. 1753
  4. ^ Flora of Pakistan
  5. ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, genera Poa 2015-02-01 at the Wayback Machine includes photos and distribution maps for several species
  6. ^ Soreng, R. J. & P. M. Peterson. 2012. Revision of Poa L. (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae, Poinae) in Mexico: new records, re-evaluation of P. ruprechtii, and two new species, P. palmeri and P. wendtii. PhytoKeys 15: 1–104
  7. ^ "Poa L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  8. ^ What Makes Kentucky's Bluegrass Blue. New York Times. June 3, 1993.]
  9. ^ Longhi-Wagner, H. M. 1987. Gramineae. Tribo Poeae, in Fl. Ilust. Rio Grande do Sul. Boletim do Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul 41: 1–191
  10. ^ Zon, A. P. M. v. 1992. Graminées du Cameroun. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers 92–1(2): 1–557
  11. ^ Cabi, E. & M. Doğan. 2012. Poaceae. 690–756. In A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural & M. T. Babaç (eds.) Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi. Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, Istanbul
  12. ^ Gibbs Russell, L. W., M. Koekermoer, L. Smook, N. P. Barker, H. M. Anderson & M. J. Dallwitz. 1990. Grasses of Southern Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 58: i–ix,.
  13. ^ Negritto, M. A. & A. M. Antón. 2000. Revisión de las especies de Poa (Poaceae) del noroeste argentino. Kurtziana 28(1): 95–136
  14. ^ Dvorchak, Robert (June 13, 2007). "Oakmont-inspired Stimpmeter allows USGA to accurately measure speed, consistency of putting surfaces". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 2007-09-08.
  15. ^ Ohlendorf, B.; Cudney, D. W.; Elmore, C. L.; Gibeault, V. A. (April 2003). "Annual Bluegrass Management Guidelines--UC IPM". University of California. Retrieved 2007-09-08.
  16. ^ Gerarde, John (1597). "The Herball or Generall Historie Of Plantes". Retrieved 2009-01-11.
 
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December 01, 2023
confused, with, poá, other, uses, disambiguation, genus, about, species, grasses, native, temperate, regions, both, hemispheres, common, names, include, meadow, grass, mainly, europe, asia, bluegrass, mainly, north, america, tussock, some, zealand, species, sp. Not to be confused with Poa For other uses see POA disambiguation Poa 2 is a genus of about 570 species of grasses native to the temperate regions of both hemispheres Common names include meadow grass mainly in Europe and Asia bluegrass mainly in North America tussock some New Zealand species and speargrass Poa poa is Greek for fodder Poa are members of the subfamily Pooideae of the family Poaceae 3 4 5 6 7 PoaPoa annua annual meadow grass Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsClade CommelinidsOrder PoalesFamily PoaceaeSubfamily PooideaeSupertribe PoodaeTribe PoeaeSubtribe PoinaeDumort Genus PoaL 1753 Synonyms 1 Synonymy Anthochloa Nees amp Meyen 1835 Aphanelytrum Hack 1902 Austrofestuca Tzvelev E B Alexeev 1976 Dasypoa Pilg 1898 Dissanthelium Trin 1836 Eremopoa Roshev 1934 Graminastrum E H L Krause 1914 Libyella Pamp 1925 Lindbergella Bor 1969 Lindbergia Bor 1968 nom illeg Neuropoa Clayton 1985 Ochlopoa Asch amp Graebn H Scholz 2003 Paneion Lunell 1915 nom superfl Panicularia Heist ex Fabr 1759 nom superfl Parodiochloa C E Hubb 1981 Phalaridium Nees amp Meyen 1841 Poagris Raf 1837 nom superfl Stenochloa Nutt 1848 Tovarochloa T D Macfarl amp But 1982 Tzvelevia E B Alexeev 1985 Bluegrass The seed pods go from green to purplish blue to brown During the purplish blue phase the seed stems have a navy blue coating Poa trivialis rough meadow grass showing the ligule structureBluegrass which has green leaves derives its name from the seed heads which are blue when the plant is allowed to grow to its natural height of two to three feet 0 6 to 0 9 meters 8 9 10 The genus Poa includes both annual and perennial species Most are monoecious but a few are dioecious separate male and female plants The leaves are narrow folded or flat sometimes bristled and with the basal sheath flattened or sometimes thickened with a blunt or hooded apex and membranaceous ligule 11 12 13 Contents 1 Cultivation and uses 2 Insect foodplant 3 Selected species 4 ReferencesCultivation and uses editMany of the species are important pasture plants used extensively by grazing livestock Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis is the most extensively used cool season grass used in lawns sports fields and golf courses in the United States 14 Annual bluegrass Poa annua can sometimes be considered a weed 15 According to second century physician Galen the roots of certain species are good for treating fresh wounds and bleeding In the sixteenth century Poa grasses were used to treat inflammation of the kidney 16 Some of the Poa species are popular for gardens and for landscaping in New Zealand Insect foodplant editSee also List of Lepidoptera that feed on grasses Lepidoptera whose caterpillars feed on Poa include Agriphila inquinatella Cercyonis pegala common wood nymph Poanes hobomok Hobomok skipper Poanes zabulon Zabulon skipper Selected species editMain article List of Poa species Poa abbreviata short bluegrass Poa affinis Poa alpigena northern meadow grass Poa alpina alpine meadow grass Poa alsodes grove bluegrass Poa ammophila sand bluegrass Poa angustifolia narrow leaved meadow grass Poa annua annual meadow grass annual bluegrass Poa arachnifera Texas bluegrass Poa arctica Arctic meadow grass Poa arida Poa atropurpurea San Bernardino bluegrass Poa badensis Poa balfourii Poa bigelovii Poa bolanderi Poa bulbosa bulbous meadow grass Poa cita silver tussock Poa chaixii broad leaved meadow grass Poa chathamica Poa colensoi blue tussock Poa compressa flattened meadow grass Poa confinis Poa cookii Cook s tussock Poa costiniana bog snow grass Poa curtifolia Poa cusickii Poa cuspidata Poa diaboli Diablo Canyon bluegrass Poa douglasii Douglas bluegrass Poa drummondiana Poa dura Poa ensiformis sword tussock grass purple sheathed sussock grass Poa fawcettiae horny snow grass Poa fendleriana Poa flabellata Poa flexuosa wavy meadow grass Poa foliosa muttonbird poa Poa glauca glaucous meadow grass Poa gunnii Poa hiemata soft snow grass Poa howellii Poa humilis spreading meadow grass Poa infirma early meadow grass Poa iridifolia Poa kelloggii Poa kerguelensis Poa kunthii Poa labillardierei common tussock grass Poa leioclada Poa leptocoma Poa litorosa Poa macrantha Poa mannii Poa meionectes Poa mireniana Poa morrisii soft tussock grass Poa napensis Napa bluegrass Poa nemoralis wood meadow grass Poa novarae Poa paludigena bog bluegrass Poa palustris swamp meadow grass Poa paramoensis Poa poiformis coast tussock grass blue tussock grass Poa pratensis smooth meadow grass Kentucky bluegrass Poa rodwayi Poa sandvicensis Poa secunda alkali bluegrass big bluegrass Nevada bluegrass pine bluegrass Sandberg bluegrass wild bluegrass Poa sieberiana grey tussock grass Poa siphonoglossa Poa subcaerulea spreading meadow grass Poa supina creeping meadow grass Poa trivialis rough meadow grass Poa unilateralisReferences edit Poa L Plants of the World Online Retrieved 2 July 2023 From Greek poa grass meadow Flora of China Vol 22 Page 257 早熟禾属 zao shu he shu Poa Linnaeus Sp Pl 1 67 1753 Flora of Pakistan Altervista Flora Italiana genera Poa Archived 2015 02 01 at the Wayback Machine includes photos and distribution maps for several species Soreng R J amp P M Peterson 2012 Revision of Poa L Poaceae Pooideae Poeae Poinae in Mexico new records re evaluation of P ruprechtii and two new species P palmeri and P wendtii PhytoKeys 15 1 104 Poa L Plants of the World Online Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew 2022 Retrieved 23 January 2022 What Makes Kentucky s Bluegrass Blue New York Times June 3 1993 Longhi Wagner H M 1987 Gramineae Tribo Poeae in Fl Ilust Rio Grande do Sul Boletim do Instituto de Biociencias Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul 41 1 191 Zon A P M v 1992 Graminees du Cameroun Wageningen Agricultural University Papers 92 1 2 1 557 Cabi E amp M Dogan 2012 Poaceae 690 756 In A Guner S Aslan T Ekim M Vural amp M T Babac eds Turkiye Bitkileri Listesi Nezahat Gokyigit Botanik Bahcesi ve Flora Arastirmalari Dernegi Yayini Istanbul Gibbs Russell L W M Koekermoer L Smook N P Barker H M Anderson amp M J Dallwitz 1990 Grasses of Southern Africa Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa 58 i ix Negritto M A amp A M Anton 2000 Revision de las especies de Poa Poaceae del noroeste argentino Kurtziana 28 1 95 136 Dvorchak Robert June 13 2007 Oakmont inspired Stimpmeter allows USGA to accurately measure speed consistency of putting surfaces Pittsburgh Post Gazette Retrieved 2007 09 08 Ohlendorf B Cudney D W Elmore C L Gibeault V A April 2003 Annual Bluegrass Management Guidelines UC IPM University of California Retrieved 2007 09 08 Gerarde John 1597 The Herball or Generall Historie Of Plantes Retrieved 2009 01 11 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Poa Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Poa amp oldid 1162978785, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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