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Wikipedia

Palm Springs, California

September 10, 2023

"Palm Springs" redirects here. For other uses, see Palm Springs (disambiguation).

Palm Springs (Cahuilla: Séc-he)[5][6] is a desert resort city in Riverside County, California, United States, within the Colorado Desert's Coachella Valley. The city covers approximately 94 square miles (240 km2), making it the largest city in Riverside County by land area. With multiple plots in checkerboard pattern, more than 10% of the city is part of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians reservation land and is the administrative capital of the most populated reservation in California.

Palm Springs
City
Flag
Seal
Location within Riverside County
Palm Springs
Location within California
Palm Springs
Location within the United States
Coordinates: 33°49′49″N 116°32′43″W / 33.83028°N 116.54528°W / 33.83028; -116.54528[1]
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountyRiverside
Native American Reservation (partial)Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
IncorporatedApril 20, 1938[2]
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager
 • MayorGrace Elena Garner
 • Mayor Pro TemJeffrey Bernstein
 • City CouncilRon De Harte
Christy Holstege
Lisa Middleton
 • City ManagerScott C. Stiles
 • Assistant City ManagerTeresa Gallavan
Area
[3]
 • Total94.68 sq mi (245.21 km2)
 • Land94.54 sq mi (244.85 km2)
 • Water0.14 sq mi (0.36 km2)  0.90%
Elevation
[1]
479 ft (146 m)
Population
 (2020)[4]
 • Total44,575
 • Density513.21/sq mi (198.15/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP Codes
92262–92264
Area codes442/760
FIPS code06-55254
GNIS feature IDs1652768, 2411357
Websitepalmspringsca.gov

The population of Palm Springs was 44,575 as of the 2020 census, but because Palm Springs is a retirement location and a winter snowbird destination, the city's population triples between November and March.[7]

The city is noted for its mid-century modern architecture, design elements, arts and cultural scene, and recreational activities.[8]

History Edit

Founding Edit

Pre-colonial history Edit

The first humans to settle in the area were the Cahuilla people, who arrived 2,000 years ago.[9][10][11] Cahuilla Indians lived here in isolation from other cultures for hundreds of years prior to European contact.[12] They spoke Ivilyuat, which is a Uto-Aztecan language.[13]

Numerous prominent and powerful Cahuilla leaders were from the area, including Cahuilla Lion (Chief Juan Antonio).[14] Palm Canyon was occupied during the winter months, but they often moved to cooler Chino Canyon during the summer months.[15]

The Cahuilla Indians had several permanent settlements in the canyons of Palm Springs due to the abundance of water and shade. Various hot springs were used during wintertime. The Cahuilla hunted rabbit, mountain goat, and quail while trapping fish in nearby lakes and rivers. While men were responsible for hunting, women were responsible for collecting berries, acorns, and seeds. They also made tortillas from mesquite seeds.[9] While the Cahuillas often spent the summers in Indian Canyons, the current site of Spa Resort Casino in downtown was often used during winter due to its natural hot springs.[10]

Native American petroglyphs can be seen in Tahquitz, Chino, and Indian Canyons. The Cahuilla's irrigation ditches, dams, and house pits can also be seen here.[16] Ancient petroglyphs, pictographs and mortar holes can be seen in Andreas Canyon. The mortar holes were used to grind acorns into meal.[17][18]

The Agua Caliente ("Hot Water") Reservation was established in 1876 and consists of 31,128 acres (12,597 ha). Six thousand seven hundred acres (2,700 ha) are located by Downtown Palm Springs.[19] The Native American land is on long lease land and next to one of California's high-end communities, making the tribe one of the wealthiest in California.[20]

The first name for Palm Springs was given by the native Cahuilla: "Se-Khi" (boiling water).[21][22] When the Agua Caliente Reservation was established by the United States government in 1876, the reservation land was composed of alternating sections (640 acres or 260 ha) of land laid out across the desert in a checkerboard pattern. The alternating non-reservation sections were granted to the Southern Pacific Railroad as an incentive to bring rail lines through the Sonoran Desert.

A number of streets and areas in Palm Springs are named for Native American notables, including Andreas, Arenas, Amado, Belardo, Lugo, Patencio, Saturnino, and Chino. All of these are common Cahuilla surnames.[10]

Presently the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians is composed of several smaller bands who live in the modern-day Coachella Valley and San Gorgonio Pass. The Agua Caliente Reservation occupies 32,000 acres (13,000 ha), of which 6,700 acres (2,700 ha) lie within the city limits, making the Agua Caliente natives the city's largest landowners. (Tribal enrollment as of 2010 was 410 people.[23])

Mexican explorers Edit

 
Californio soldier and explorer José María Estudillo was the first to note the existence of hot springs within the area of what is Palm Springs.

As of 1821 Mexico was independent of Spain, and in March 1823, the Mexican Monarchy ended. That same year (in December) Mexican diarist José María Estudillo and Brevet Captain José Romero were sent to find a route from Sonora to Alta California; on their expedition, they first recorded the existence of "Agua Caliente" at Palm Springs, California.[24][25]: 30  With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo after the Mexican-American war, the region became part of the United States in 1848.

Later 19th century Edit

Early names and European settlers Edit

One possible origin of palm in the place name comes from early Spanish explorers who referred to the area as La Palma de la Mano de Dios or "The Palm of God's hand".[26] The earliest use of the name "Palm Springs" is from United States Topographical Engineers who used the term in 1853 maps.[27] According to William Bright, when the word "palm" appears in Californian place names, it usually refers to the native California fan palm, Washingtonia filifera, which is abundant in the Palm Springs area.[28] Other early names were "Palmetto Spring" and "Big Palm Springs".[29]

The first European resident in Palm Springs itself was Jack Summers, who ran the stagecoach station on the Bradshaw Trail in 1862.[30]: 44, 149  Fourteen years later (1876), the Southern Pacific railroad was laid 6 miles (9.5 km) to the north, isolating the station.[30]: 17  In 1880, local Indian Pedro Chino was selling parcels near the springs to William Van Slyke and Mathew Bryne in a series of questionable transactions; they in turn brought in W. R. Porter to help market their property through the "Palm City Land and Water Company".[25]: 275  By 1885, when San Francisco attorney (later known as "Judge") John Guthrie McCallum began buying property in Palm Springs, the name was already in wide acceptance. The area was named "Palm Valley" when McCallum incorporated the "Palm Valley Land and Water Company" with partners O.C. Miller, H.C. Campbell, and James Adams, M.D.[25]: 280 [31][32]

Land development and drought Edit
 
Palm Canyon near Palm Springs, showing palm trees over a creek, circa 1901

McCallum, who had brought his ill son to the dry climate for health, brought in irrigation advocate Dr. Oliver Wozencroft and engineer J. P. Lippincott to help construct a canal from the Whitewater River to fruit orchards on his property.[25]: 276–279  He also asked Dr. Welwood Murray to establish a hotel across the street from his residence. Murray did so in 1886 (he later became a famous horticulturalist).[25]: 280  The crops and irrigation systems suffered flooding in 1893 from record rainfall, and then an 11-year drought (1894–1905) caused further damage.[24]: 40 

20th century Edit

Resort development Edit

 
A 1950s postcard publicizing one of the many hotels sprouting in Palm Springs during the early to mid-20th century

The city became a fashionable resort in the 1900s[33] when health tourists arrived with conditions that required dry heat. Because of the heat, however, the population dropped markedly in the summer months.[34] In 1906 naturalist and travel writer George Wharton James's two volume The Wonders of the Colorado Desert described Palm Springs as having "great charms and attractiveness"[35]: 278–281  and included an account of his stay at Murray's hotel.[36] As James also described, Palm Springs was more comfortable in its microclimate because the area was covered in the shadow of Mount San Jacinto to the west[31] and in the winter the mountains block cold winds from the San Gorgonio pass.[37] Early illustrious visitors included John Muir and his daughters, U.S. Vice President Charles Fairbanks, and Fanny Stevenson, widow of Robert Louis Stevenson; still, Murray's hotel was closed in 1909 and torn down in 1954.[24]: 45 

Nellie N. Coffman and her physician husband Harry established The Desert Inn as a hotel and sanitarium in 1909.[38][39] It was expanded as a modern hotel in 1927 and continued on until 1967.[24]: Ch. 13 [40][41] Coffman herself was a "driving force" in the city's tourism industry until her death in 1950.[42]

James's Wonders of the Colorado Desert (above) was followed in 1920 by J. Smeaton Chase's Our Araby: Palm Springs and the Garden of the Sun, which also promoted the area.[43] In 1924 Pearl McCallum (daughter of Judge McCallum) returned to Palm Springs and built the Oasis Hotel with her husband Austin G. McManus; the Modern/Art Deco resort was designed by Lloyd Wright and featured a 40-foot (12 m) tower.[24]: 68–69 [44]

 
The San Jacinto Mountains border Palm Springs to the west.

The next major hotel was the El Mirador, a large and luxurious resort that attracted the biggest movie stars; opening in 1927, its prominent feature was a 68-foot-tall (21 m) Renaissance style tower.[24]: Ch. 23 [45] Silent film star Fritzi Ridgeway's 100-room Hotel del Tahquitz was built in 1929, next to the "Fool's Folly" mansion built by Chicago heiress Lois Kellogg.[46] Golfing was available at the O'Donnell 9 hole course (1926) and the El Mirador (1929) course (see Golf below). Hollywood movie stars were attracted by the hot dry, sunny weather and seclusion—they built homes and estates in the Warm Sands, The Mesa, and Historic Tennis Club neighborhoods (see Neighborhoods below). About 20,000 visitors came to the area in 1922.[47]

Palm Springs became popular with movie stars in the 1930s[48] and estate building expanded into the Movie Colony neighborhoods, Tahquitz River Estates, and Las Palmas neighborhoods. Actors Charles Farrell and Ralph Bellamy opened the Racquet Club in 1934[24]: Ch. 25 [49][50] and Pearl McCallum opened the Tennis Club in 1937.[44] Nightclubs were set up as well, with Al Wertheimer opening The Dunes outside of Palm Springs in 1934[24]: 254  and the Chi Chi nightclub opening in 1936.[51][52]: 206–207  Besides the gambling available at the Dunes Club, other casinos included The 139 Club and The Cove Club outside of the city.[53][54]

Shopping district Edit

 
Palm trees along shops.

Bullock's, a large upscale department store on Broadway in Los Angeles, opened a Spanish Colonial-style "resort store" within the Desert Inn complex in 1930. When Bullock's opened a full department store at 151 Palm Canyon Drive in 1947, J. W. Robinson's, another large L.A. store, took the former Bullock's location and opened its own resort store there.[55]

Southern California's first self-contained shopping center was in Palm Springs, La Plaza (originally Palm Springs Plaza), and on-street, open air center anchored by a small Desmond's department store, in 1936. The three-level parking garage for 141 cars was an innovation and the largest in Riverside County at that time.[56] In the mid-twentieth century across the street on Palm Canyon Drive were department stores like Bullock's/Bullocks Wilshire (No. 151, 1947–1990), J. W. Robinson's (No. 333, 1958–1987),[57][58][59] and Saks Fifth Avenue (opened October 16, 1959, at No. 490),[60] forming a large shopping district. In 1967 the Desert Fashion Plaza mall was built, I. Magnin opened there (closed 1992)[61] and Saks closed its previous location and moved into a new larger store in the mall. Joseph Magnin Co. opened a 26,000-square-foot (2,400 m2) department store in the mall in 1969,[62] meaning that together with a Sears at 611 Palm Canyon Dr., for two decades, downtown boasted seven department stores, plus the Palm Springs Mall 1.5 miles (2.5 km) to the east operating from 1959 to 2005.

World War II Edit

When the United States entered World War II, Palm Springs and the Coachella Valley were important in the war effort. The original airfield near Palm Springs became a staging area for the Air Corps Ferrying Command's 21st Ferrying Group in November 1941 and a new airfield was built 1⁄2 mile (0.8 km) from the old site. The new airfield,[63]: 43  designated Palm Springs Army Airfield,[64] was completed in early 1942. Personnel from the Air Transport Command 560th Army Air Forces Base Unit stayed at the La Paz Guest Ranch and training was conducted at the airfield by the 72nd and 73rd Ferrying Squadrons. Later training was provided by the IV Fighter Command 459th Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron.

Eight months before Pearl Harbor Day, the El Mirador Hotel was fully booked and adding new facilities.[65] After the war started, the U.S. government bought the hotel from owner Warren Phinney for $750,000,[66] just over $13,000,000 if including inflation in 2020, and converted it into the Torney General Hospital,[67] with Italian prisoners of war serving as kitchen help and orderlies in 1944 and 1945.[68] Through the war it was staffed with 1,500 personnel and treated some 19,000 patients.[50]: 55 

General Patton's Desert Training Center encompassed the entire region, with its headquarters in Camp Young at the Chiriaco Summit and an equipment depot maintained by the 66th Ordnance in present-day Palm Desert.[63]: 40 

Post-World War II Edit

 
Kaufmann Desert House, Palm Springs, by Richard Neutra

Architectural modernists flourished with commissions from the stars, using the city to explore architectural innovations, new artistic venues, and an exotic back-to-the-land experiences. Inventive architects designed unique vacation houses, such as steel houses with prefabricated panels and folding roofs, a glass-and-steel house in a boulder-strewn landscape, and a carousel house that turned to avoid the sun's glare.[69]

In 1946, Richard Neutra designed the Kaufmann Desert House. A modernist classic, this mostly glass residence incorporated the latest technological advances in building materials, using natural lighting and floating planes and flowing space for proportion and detail.[70] In recent years an energetic preservation program has protected and enhanced many classic buildings.

Culver (2010) argues that Palm Springs architecture became the model for mass-produced suburban housing, especially in the Southwest. This "Desert Modern" style was a high-end architectural style featuring open-design plans, wall-to-wall carpeting, air-conditioning, swimming pools, and very large windows. As Culver concludes, "While environmentalists might condemn desert modern, the masses would not. Here, it seemed, were houses that fully merged inside and outside, providing spaces for that essential component of Californian—and indeed middle-class American—life: leisure. While not everyone could have a Neutra masterpiece, many families could adopt aspects of Palm Springs modern."[71]

Hollywood values permeated the resort as it combined celebrity, health, new wealth, and sex. As Culver (2010) explains: "The bohemian sexual and marital mores already apparent in Hollywood intersected with the resort atmosphere of Palm Springs, and this new, more open sexuality would gradually appear elsewhere in national tourist culture."[71] During this period, the city government, stimulated by real estate developers, systematically removed and excluded poor people and Indians.[72][73]

Palm Springs was pictured by the French photographer Robert Doisneau in November 1960 as part of an assignment for Fortune[74] on the construction of golf courses in this particularly dry and hot area of the Colorado desert. Doisneau submitted around 300 slides following his ten-day stay depicting the lifestyle of wealthy retirees and Hollywood stars in the 1960s. At the time, Palm Springs counted just 19 courses, which had grown to 125 by 2010.[75]

Section 14 evictions Edit

Further information: Golden Checkerboard

Section 14 is a square mile of land owned by the Agua Caliente Band within close walking distance of downtown. Former residents in this area, mostly black people and other people of color, lived in land leased in short terms by individual Indigenous owners. Commercial development did not occur due to the 10 year limit on the leases.[76] After changes in the Indian Leasing Act in 1959, long term leases were permitted. Mayor Frank Bogert and other city officials advocated to the conservators that managed the tribe's leases to end the short term leases and enter into long term leases to largely white property owners for redevelopment. City funds were used to clear the land for redevelopment, including burning "shacks and makeshift homes... [which had] rented for $20 to $40 a month."[77] In 2021 the California Attorney General's office later called the displacement a "city-engineered holocaust", depriving dozens of Black and Latino people of generational wealth.[78][dubious – discuss]

After existing non-Indian residents were evicted in the 1960s, the tribe built the Spa Hotel and Casino downtown and the city built the Palm Springs Convention Center; also, the tribe leased land for developers to build hotels and condos.[79]

The Palm Springs Human Relations Commission cited this history, as well as a conflict of interest while Bogert acted as conservator for tribal land which was being demolished by the city, and racist comments regarding the "poor Blacks" who lived in Section 14, as justification for removing a statue of Bogert on horseback placed in 1990 in front of the Palm Springs City Hall.[80] The City Council of Palm Springs ordered its removal in 2021 and formally apologized for the eviction of the Section 14 residents.[81] After legal objections to its removal from Bogert's supporters and family members were rejected by the courts, the statue was relocated on July 13, 2022.[82] Section 14 residents are still seeking financial reparations for the evictions.[83]

Year-round living Edit

 
A postcard of Palm Canyon Dr. through Palm Springs' downtown village in the 1950s

Similar to the pre-war era, Palm Springs remained popular with the rich and famous of Hollywood, as well as retirees and Canadian tourists.[84] Between 1947 and 1965, the Alexander Construction Company built some 2,200 houses in Palm Springs effectively doubling its housing capacity.

As the 1970s drew to a close, increasing numbers of retirees moved to the Coachella Valley. As a result, Palm Springs began to evolve from a virtual ghost town in the summer to a year-round community. Businesses and hotels that used to close for the months of July and August instead remained open all summer. As commerce grew, so too did the number of families with children.

The recession of 1973–1975 affected Palm Springs as many of the wealthy residents had to cut back on their spending.[85] Later in the 1970s numerous Chicago mobsters invested $50 million in the Palm Springs area, buying houses, land, and businesses.[86] While Palm Springs faced competition from the desert cities to the east in the later 1980s,[87] it has continued to prosper into the 21st century.[88]

Palm Springs (as well as surrounding areas) became a desired destination as the COVID-19 pandemic began; the city saw an increase of residents from larger cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle, with new residents seeking less dense areas from which to work remotely.[89]

Spring break Edit

Since the early 1950s[90] the city had been a popular spring break resort. Glamorized as a destination in the 1963 movie Palm Springs Weekend,[91] the number of visitors grew and at times the gatherings had problems. In 1969 an estimated 15,000 people had gathered for a concert at the Palm Springs Angel Stadium and 300 were arrested for drunkenness or disturbing the peace.[92] In the 1980s, 10,000 or more college students would visit the city and form crowds and parties—and another rampage occurred in 1986[93] when Palm Springs Police in riot gear had to put down the rowdy crowd.[94] In 1990, due to complaints by residents, mayor Sonny Bono and the city council closed the city's Palm Canyon Drive to spring breakers and the downtown businesses, normally filled with tourists, lost money.[95]

Today Edit

Tourism is a major factor in the city's economy with 1.6 million visitors in 2011.[47] The city has over 130 hotels and resorts, numerous bed and breakfasts, and over 100 restaurants and dining spots.[96] Events such as the Coachella and Stagecoach Festivals in nearby Indio attract younger people, making greater Palm Springs a more attractive area to retire.[97]

Following the 2008 recession, Palm Springs revitalized its Downtown, "the Village". Rebuilding started with the demolition of the Bank of America building in January 2012, with the Desert Fashion Plaza scheduled for demolition in 2013.[98]

In 2020, Christy Holstege became the mayor of Palm Springs, which made her the first openly bisexual mayor in the United States, as well as the first female mayor of Palm Springs.[99][100] The following year, Lisa Middleton became mayor, making her the first openly transgender mayor in California history.[101]

The movement behind mid-century modern architecture (1950s/60s era) in Palm Springs is backed by architecture enthusiasts, designers, and local historians to preserve many of Palm Springs' buildings and homes of famous celebrities, businessmen, and politicians. Stores sell furniture and gifts that feature a mid-century modern theme. The city holds a Modernism Week celebration every February, along with several related smaller events during the year.[102]

Geography Edit

Palm Springs is located in the Sonoran Desert. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 95.0 square miles (246 km2), of which 94.1 square miles (244 km2) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2) (1%) is water. Located in the Coachella Valley desert region, Palm Springs is sheltered by the San Bernardino Mountains to the north, the Santa Rosa Mountains to the south, by the San Jacinto Mountains to the west and by the Little San Bernardino Mountains to the east.

Climate Edit

Palm Springs has a hot desert climate in Köppen-Geiger classification (BWh), with over 300 days of sunshine and 4.93 inches (125.2 mm) of precipitation annually.[103] The winter months are warm, with a majority of days reaching 70 °F (21 °C) and in January and February days often see temperatures of 80 °F (27 °C) and on occasion reach over 90 °F (32 °C), while, on average, there are 17 nights annually dipping to or below 40 °F (4 °C);[103] freezing temperatures occur in less than half of years. The lowest temperature recorded is 19 °F (−7 °C), on January 22, 1937.[104]

Summers are extremely hot, with daytime temperatures consistently surpassing 110 °F (43 °C) while overnight temperatures often remain above 80 °F (27 °C). The mean annual temperature is 75.6 °F (24.2 °C). There are on average 176.6 days with a high reaching 90 °F (32 °C), and 100 °F (38 °C) can be seen on 114.8 days.[103] The highest temperature on record in Palm Springs is 123 °F (51 °C), most recently achieved on June 17, 2021.[105] The climate year-round is suitable for many palm trees in this area of California due to the number of sunny days annually, the average high temperatures, and daily low temperatures.[106]

Climate data for Palm Springs, California (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1922–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 95
(35) 		99
(37) 		104
(40) 		112
(44) 		116
(47) 		123
(51) 		123
(51) 		123
(51) 		122
(50) 		116
(47) 		102
(39) 		93
(34) 		123
(51)
Average high °F (°C) 70.5
(21.4) 		73.7
(23.2) 		80.6
(27.0) 		86.7
(30.4) 		94.7
(34.8) 		103.6
(39.8) 		108.6
(42.6) 		108.1
(42.3) 		101.8
(38.8) 		91.1
(32.8) 		78.7
(25.9) 		69.2
(20.7) 		88.9
(31.6)
Daily mean °F (°C) 59.0
(15.0) 		61.7
(16.5) 		67.5
(19.7) 		72.9
(22.7) 		80.3
(26.8) 		88.2
(31.2) 		94.0
(34.4) 		94.0
(34.4) 		88.1
(31.2) 		77.8
(25.4) 		66.0
(18.9) 		57.7
(14.3) 		75.6
(24.2)
Average low °F (°C) 47.6
(8.7) 		49.7
(9.8) 		54.4
(12.4) 		59.1
(15.1) 		65.9
(18.8) 		72.7
(22.6) 		79.4
(26.3) 		79.8
(26.6) 		74.4
(23.6) 		64.5
(18.1) 		53.4
(11.9) 		46.2
(7.9) 		62.3
(16.8)
Record low °F (°C) 19
(−7) 		24
(−4) 		29
(−2) 		34
(1) 		36
(2) 		44
(7) 		54
(12) 		52
(11) 		46
(8) 		30
(−1) 		23
(−5) 		23
(−5) 		19
(−7)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.14
(29) 		1.11
(28) 		0.51
(13) 		0.09
(2.3) 		0.02
(0.51) 		0.00
(0.00) 		0.25
(6.4) 		0.14
(3.6) 		0.24
(6.1) 		0.20
(5.1) 		0.23
(5.8) 		0.68
(17) 		4.61
(117)
Average precipitation days 2.7 3.1 1.9 1.1 0.5 0.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.3 2.7 16.9
Source: NOAA[107][108]

Ecology Edit

 
A wind farm in Palm Springs

The locale features a variety of native Low Desert flora and fauna. A notable tree occurring in the wild and under cultivation is the California Fan Palm, Washingtonia filifera.[109]

Wildlife Edit

The fauna of Palm Springs is mostly species adapted to desert, temperature extremes and to lack of moisture. It is located within the Nearctic faunistic realm in a region containing an assemblage of species similar to Northern Africa.[110] Native fauna includes pronghorns, desert bighorn sheep, desert tortoise, kit fox, desert iguanas, horned lizards, chuckwalla, bobcats, mountain lions and Gila monsters. Other animals include ground squirrels, rock squirrels, porcupines, skunks, cactus mice, kangaroo rats, pocket gophers and raccoons.[111] Desert birds here include the iconic roadrunner, which can run at speeds exceeding 15 mph (24 km/h). Other avifauna includes the ladder-backed woodpecker, flycatchers, elf owls, great horned owls, sparrow hawks and a variety of raptors.[112]

The Sonoran Desert has more species of rattlesnakes (11) than anywhere else in the world.[113] The most common species is the extremely venomous Mojave green, which is considered the world's most dangerous rattlesnake. The largest rattle snake species here is the western diamondback rattlesnake, while other species include the black-tailed rattlesnake, tiger rattler and sidewinder rattler.[114] Palm Springs is home to tarantulas and various scorpion species, including the vinegaroon.[115]

Although black bears are not common in the Coachella Valley, bears have been observed in Palm Springs and other parts of California.[116]

Today, jaguars roam the northern Mexican dry-lands; however, they were previously common throughout the Coachella Valley. The last documented jaguar sighting in Palm Springs, was in 1860.[117]

Neighborhoods Edit

 
View through the San Jacinto Mountains to Palm Springs

The City of Palm Springs has developed a program to identify distinctive neighborhoods in the community.[118] Of the 45 neighborhoods,[118] 7 have historical and cultural significance.[119]

Movie Colony neighborhoods Edit

The Movie Colony is just east of Palm Canyon Drive.[120] The Movie Colony East neighborhood extends further east from the Ruth Hardy Park.[121] These areas started growing in the 1930s as Hollywood movie stars built their smaller getaways from their Los Angeles area estates. Bob Hope, Frank Sinatra, Estée Lauder, Carmen Miranda and Bing Crosby built homes in these neighborhoods.

El Rancho Vista Estates Edit

In the 1960s, Robert Fey built 70 homes designed by Donald Wexler and Ric Harrison in the El Rancho Vista Estates.[122] Noted residents included Jack LaLanne and comic Andy Dick.

Warm Sands Edit

Historic homes in the Warm Sands area date from the 1920s and many were built from adobe.[123] It also includes small resorts and the Ramon Mobile Home Park. Noted residents have included screenwriter Walter Koch, artist Paul A. Grimm, activist Cleve Jones and actor Wesley Eure.

The Mesa Edit

The Mesa started off as a gated community developed in the 1920s near the Indian Canyons.[124] Noted residents have included King Gillette, Zane Grey, Clark Gable, Carole Lombard, Suzanne Somers, Herman Wouk, Henry Fernandez, Barry Manilow and Trina Turk. Distinctive homes include Donald Wexler's "butterfly houses" and the "Streamline Moderne Ship of the Desert".[125]

Tahquitz River Estates Edit

 
Tahquitz Canyon Way

Some of the homes in this neighborhood date from the 1930s. The area was owned by Pearl McCallum McManus and she started building homes in the neighborhood after World War II ended. Dr. William Scholl (Dr. Scholl's foot products) owned a 10-acre (4.0 ha) estate here. Today the neighborhood is the largest neighborhood organization with 600 homes and businesses within its boundaries.[126]

Sunmor Estates Edit

During World War II, the original Sunmor Estates area was the western portion of the Palm Springs Army Airfield.[127] Homes here were developed by Robert Higgins and the Alexander Construction Company. Actor and former mayor Frank Bogert bought his home for $16,000 and lived there for more than 50 years.

Historic Tennis Club Edit

Impoverished artist Carl Eytel first set up his cabin on what would become the Tennis Club in 1937. Another artist in the neighborhood, who built his Moroccan-style "Dar Marrac" estate in 1924, was Gordon Coutts.[128] Other estates include Samuel Untermyer's Mediterranean style villa (now the Willows Historic Palm Springs Inn),[129] the Casa Cody Inn, built by Harriet and Harold William Cody (cousin of Buffalo Bill Cody)[130][131] and the Ingleside Inn,[132] built in the 1920s by the Humphrey Birge family. The neighborhood now has about 400 homes, condos, apartments, inns and restaurants.[133]

Las Palmas neighborhoods Edit

To the west of Palm Canyon Drive are the Vista Las Palmas,[134] Old Las Palmas, and Little Tuscany neighborhoods.[135] These areas also feature distinctive homes, celebrity estates, and Albert Frey's private residential complex Villa Hermosa.

Racquet Club Estates Edit

Historic Racquet Club Estates, located north of Vista Chino, is home to over five hundred mid-century modern homes from the Alexander Construction Company. "Meiselman" homes, and the famed Donald Wexler steel homes (having Class One historic designation) are also prominent in the area.[136] Racquet Club Estates was Palm Springs' first middle income neighborhood and became popular with Hollywood's elite in the 1950s and 60's.[52]: 41 

Deepwell Estates Edit

Deepwell Estates, the eastern portion of the square mile (2.6 km2) defined by South/East Palm Canyon, Mesquite, and Sunrise, contains around 370 homes, including notable homes architecturally and of celebrity figures. Among the celebrities who lived in the neighborhood are Jerry Lewis, Loretta Young, Liberace, and William Holden.[137][138]

Demographics Edit

 
Palm Springs Presbyterian Church

2010 Edit

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
19403,434—
19507,660123.1%
196013,46875.8%
197020,93655.4%
198032,35954.6%
199040,18124.2%
200042,8076.5%
201044,5524.1%
202044,5750.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[139]

The 2010 United States Census[140] reported that Palm Springs had a population of 44,552. The population density was 469.1 inhabitants per square mile (181.1/km2). The racial makeup of Palm Springs was 33,720 (75.7%) White (63.6% Non-Hispanic White),[4] 1,982 (4.4%) African American, 467 (1.0%) Native American, 1,971 (4.4%) Asian, 71 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 4,949 (11.1%) from other races, and 1,392 (3.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11,286 persons (25.3%).

The Census reported that 44,013 people (98.8% of the population) lived in households, 343 (0.8%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 196 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 22,746 households, out of which 3,337 (14.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 5,812 (25.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,985 (8.7%) had a female householder with no husband present, 868 (3.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,031 (4.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 2,307 (10.1%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 10,006 households (44.0%) were made up of individuals, and 4,295 (18.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.93. There were 8,665 families (38.1% of all households); the average family size was 2.82.

The population was spread out, with 6,125 people (13.7%) under the age of 18, 2,572 people (5.8%) aged 18 to 24, 8,625 people (19.4%) aged 25 to 44, 15,419 people (34.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,811 people (26.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 51.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 129.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 133.8 males.

There were 34,794 housing units at an average density of 366.3 per square mile (141.4/km2), of which 13,349 (58.7%) were owner-occupied, and 9,397 (41.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 6.7%; the rental vacancy rate was 15.5%. 24,948 people (56.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,065 people (42.8%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Palm Springs had a median household income of $45,198, with 18.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[4]

2000 Edit

 
Church of St. Paul-in-the-Desert.
 
A view of Palm Springs from the Museum Trail

As of the census[141] of 2000, there were 42,807 people, 20,516 households, and 9,457 families residing in the city. The population density was 454.2 inhabitants per square mile (175.4/km2). There were 30,823 housing units at an average density of 327.0 per square mile (126.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 78.3% White, 3.9% African American, 0.9% Native American, 3.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 9.8% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.7% of the population.

There were 20,516 out of which 16.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.0% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 53.9% were non-families. 41.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.1 and the average family size was 2.9.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 17.0% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 26.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,973 and the median income for a family was $45,318. Males had a median income of $33,999 versus $27,461 for females. The per capita income for the city was $25,957. About 11.2% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.2% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

Gay community Edit

Palm Springs has one of the highest concentrations of same-sex couples of any community in the United States.[142][143] In 2010, 10.1% (2,307) of the city's households belong to same-sex married couples or partnerships, compared to the national average of 1%. Palm Springs has the fifth-highest percentage of same-sex households in the nation.[142]: 27  Former mayor Ron Oden estimated that about a third of Palm Springs is gay.[144] Over various times, the city has catered to LGBT tourists with an increasing number of events such as the annual Club Skirts Dinah Shore Weekend, as well as hosting various clothing-optional resorts and events.[145][146] Palm Springs is host to the Greater Palm Springs Pride Celebration. This celebration, held every year in November, includes events such as the Palm Springs Pride Golf Classic, the Stonewall Equality Concert, and a Broadway in Drag Pageant. The city also held same-sex wedding ceremonies at the iconic Forever Marilyn statue located downtown, before its relocation in 2014. In January 2018, Palm Springs ushered in America's first all-LGBTQ city government.[147]

Economy Edit

 
The Hotel California
 
Restaurants near La Plaza
 
Palm Springs Official Visitors Center is located in the historic Tramway Gas Station building designed by Albert Frey.

Though celebrities still retreat to Palm Springs, many establish residences in other areas of the Coachella Valley. The city's economy now relies on tourism, and local government is largely supported by related retail sales taxes and the TOT (transient occupancy tax). The city hosts numerous festivals, conventions, and international events including the Palm Springs International Film Festival.

The world's largest rotating aerial tramcars[148] (cable cars) can be found at the Palm Springs Aerial Tramway. These cars, built by Von Roll Tramways,[148] ascend from Chino Canyon two and a half miles (4 km) up a steep incline to the station at 8,516 feet (2,596 m). The San Jacinto Wilderness is accessible from the top of the tram and there is a restaurant with notable views.

The Palm Springs Convention Center underwent a multimillion-dollar expansion and renovation under Mayor Will Kleindienst. The City Council Sub-Committee of Mayor Kleindienst and City Council Member Chris Mills selected Fentress Bradburn Architects[149] from Denver, Colorado for the redesign.

Numerous hotels, restaurants and attractions cater to tourists, while shoppers can find a variety of high-end boutiques in downtown and uptown Palm Springs. The city is home to 20 clothing-optional resorts including many catering to gay men.[150] Downtown Palm Springs shopping is anchored by historic La Plaza, built in 1936.

Top employers Edit

According to the City's 2022 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[151] the top employers in the city are:

No. Employer No. of Employees
1 Palm Springs Unified School District 2,584
2 Desert Regional Medical Center 2,459
3 Agua Caliente Casino Palm Springs 547
4 City of Palm Springs 470
5 Walmart Supercenter 387
6 Margaritaville Resort Palm Springs 251
7 The Home Depot 220
8 Lowe's Home Improvement 152
9 Ace Hotel & Swim Club 114
10 Hilton Palm Springs Resorts 108

Notable businesses Edit

Arts and culture Edit

 
Historic Hotel El Mirador

Annual cultural events Edit

The Palm Springs Black History Committee celebrates Black History Month with a parade and town fair every February.[156]

  • Agua Caliente Cultural Museum presents its annual Festival of Native Film & Culture[157] at the Camelot Theaters in central Palm Springs.
     
    Village Fest in Palm Springs
  • The Club Skirts Dinah Shore Weekend, known as "The Dinah",[31] is an LGBT event billed as the "Largest Girl Party in the World" held each March.
  • A circuit White Party is held in April, attracting 10,000 visitors.[31][158]
  • The Palm Springs Cultural Center[159] hosts a number of annual events, including Cinema Diverse: The Palm Springs LGBTQ Film Festival, The Arthur Lyons Film Noir Festival,[160] the Certified Farmers' Markets and more.
  • Palm Springs Desert Resorts Restaurant Week is held every June, featuring 10 days of dining at over 100 restaurants in the Coachella Valley.[161]
  • The Caballeros, a gay men's chorus and member of GALA Choruses, has presented concerts since 1999.[162]

The following three parades, held on Palm Canyon Drive, were created by former Mayor Will Kleindienst:

Ongoing cultural events Edit

For many years, The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies was a stage-show at the historic Plaza Theatre featuring performers over the age of 55. Still Kicking: The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies is a 1997 Mel Damski short documentary film about the Follies. The Palm Springs Follies closed for good after the 2013–14 season.[168]

Starting in 2004, the city worked with downtown businesses to develop the weekly Palm Springs VillageFest. The downtown street fair has been a regular Thursday evening event, drawing tourists and locals alike to Palm Canyon Drive to stroll amid the food and craft vendors.[169]

Events related to films and film-craft are sponsored by the Desert Film Society.[170]

Public art Edit

The city and various individuals have sponsored different public art projects in the city.[171][172]

Numerous galleries and studios are located in the city and region.[173] The California Art Club has a chapter in Palm Springs.[174] The Desert Art Center of Coachella Valley was established in Palm Springs in 1950.[175]

Modern architecture Edit

 
Mid-century modern house in Palm Springs
 
Miller House, by Richard Neutra
Main article: Mid-Century modern § Mid-century modern in Palm Springs

Besides its tradition of mid-century modern architecture, Palm Springs and the region features numerous noted architects. Other (non-Mid-Century Modern) include[176] Edward H. Fickett, Haralamb H. Georgescu, Howard Lapham, and Karim Rashid.[177]

Museums and other points of interest Edit

 
Moorten Botanical Garden and Cactarium.

Sports Edit

 
O'Donnell Golf Club in Palm Springs

Baseball Edit

Palm Springs is home to the Palm Springs POWER, a semi-pro collegiate league baseball team composed of college all-stars of the Southern California Collegiate Baseball Association.[191] It has a winter league baseball team, the POWER winter team and Palm Springs Chill of the California Winter League (2010) consists of 12 other teams as of 2016. The League plays its games in Palm Springs Stadium and also on the baseball field in nearby Palm Springs High School. Both sites feature 6 teams of the Palm Springs Collegiate League in the summer.[192]

The Palm Springs stadium was once the spring training site of the Major League Baseball California Angels (now the Los Angeles Angels) of the American League from 1961 to 1993.[193] The stadium also hosted spring training of the Chicago White Sox[194] in the late 1940s–1950s, the Oakland A's in the 1970s, and the 1950s minor league Seattle Rainiers of the Pacific Coast League also trained there.

Hockey Edit

In 2019, Palm Springs was approved to become the home to an American Hockey League (AHL) expansion team to begin play for the 2021–22 season and serve as the development affiliate of the National Hockey League's 2021 expansion team, the Seattle Kraken.[195] However, the original project to build an arena in Palm Springs fell through, leading to the team's launch to be delayed by one year to the 2022–23 season.[196] The team, later named as the Coachella Valley Firebirds, then began building Coachella Valley Arena in nearby Thousand Palms, California.[197][198]

Tennis Edit

The Palm Springs area features numerous major sports events, including the annual BNP Paribas Open in March, voted by professional players over several years in the early 21st century as the premier mandatory Tournament of the Year.[199] The Easter Bowl, sponsored by the United States Tennis Association is a showcase tournament for junior tennis players (girls and boys aged 12 to 18 years) held annually in March among several tennis centers of the Palm Springs area.[200]

Golf Edit

 
Aerial view overlooking the O'Donnell Golf Club during the 1960s

With more golf courses than any other region in California, Coachella Valley is the most popular golf vacation destination in California. Early golf courses in Palm Springs were the O'Donnell Golf Club (built by oil magnate Thomas A. O'Donnell)[201] and the El Mirador Hotel course, both of which opened in the 1920s.[24]: 120  After the Cochran-Odlum (Indio) and Shadow Mountain pitch and putt courses were built after World II, the first 18-hole golf course in the area was the Thunderbird Country Club, established 1951 in Rancho Mirage.[202][203] Thunderbird was designed by golf course architects Lawrence Hughes and Johnny Dawson[204] and in 1955 it hosted the 11th Ryder Cup championship.

In the 1970s the area had over 40 courses and in 2001 the 100th course was opened.[24]: 121  The area is also home to the PGA Tour's Humana Challenge in partnership with the Clinton Foundation (formerly the Bob Hope Chrysler Classic), the LPGA's ANA Inspiration and the Canadian Tour's Desert Dunes Classic.[205]

Soccer Edit

The Palm Springs AYSO Region 80 plays in Section 1H of the American Youth Soccer Organization.[206][207]

Parks and recreation Edit

City parks Edit

Recreation Edit

In 1931 the Desert Riders was established.[215] Starting off as a social organization for the cream of Palm Springs society, the group sponsors horseback riding and trail building for equestrians, hikers, and bicyclists.[216] The Desert Riders were also significant in providing combination chuckwagon meals and rides through nearby canyons to hotel guests as Palm Springs developed its tourist industry.[217]

Government Edit

City Edit

See also: List of Mayors of Palm Springs, California

Business owners in the village first established a Palm Springs Board of Trade in 1918, followed by a chamber of commerce; the city itself was established by election in 1938[218][219] and converted to a charter city, with a charter adopted by the voters in 1994.[220]

Presently the city has a council-manager type government, with a five-person city council that hires a city manager and city attorney. The mayor is directly elected and serves a four-year term. The other four council members also serve four-year terms, with staggered elections. The city is considered a full-service city, in that it staffs and manages its own police and fire departments including parks and recreation programs, public library,[221] sewer system and wastewater treatment plant, international airport, and planning and building services.

The city government is a member of the Southern California Association of Governments.[222]

Christy Holstege, who took office as mayor in December 2020. was the first female and the first openly bisexual mayor in the city's history, and the first openly bisexual mayor in American history.[99][100] Lisa Middleton, the first transgender mayor in California history, took office in 2021.[223]

Palm Springs' longest-tenured mayor was Frank Bogert (1958–66 and 1982–88). He was credited with leading the city as it evolved from a small resort town into a larger community.[224] Bogert's actions as mayor have proved controversial in recent years, as allegations that Bogert removed hundreds of citizens of color from a city neighborhood led to the removal of a statue on city property that honored him.[225]

Former entertainer Sonny Bono had the most recognizable name; Bono served from 1988 to 1992 and was eventually elected to the U.S. Congress.[226]

County Edit

Palm Springs is in Supervisorial District 4 of Riverside County represented by Democrat V. Manuel Perez[227]

State Edit

In the California State Legislature, Palm Springs is in the 32nd Senate District, represented by Republican Kelly Seyarto, and in the 47th Assembly District, represented by Republican Greg Wallis.[228]

Federal Edit

In the United States House of Representatives, Palm Springs is in California's 41st congressional district, represented by Republican Ken Calvert.[229]

Tribal Council Edit

Palm Springs is the seat of government and the administrative capital for the tribal council of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians.[230] The tribal government governs over parts of the city where reservation jurisdictions overlap.[231]

Education Edit

Public schools Edit

Public education in Palm Springs is under the jurisdiction of the Palm Springs Unified School District, an independent district with five board members.[232] The Palm Springs High School[233] is the oldest school in the district, built in 1938. Originally it was a K–12 school in the 1920s and had the College of the Desert campus from 1958 to 1964. And Raymond Cree Middle School in its current site since the mid-1960s.

Elementary schools in Palm Springs include:[234]

Alternative education is provided by the Ramon Alternative Center.[237]

Private schools Edit

Private schools in Palm Springs and nearby communities include Desert Chapel Christian School (K-12), Desert Adventist Academy (K–8), Sacred Heart School (PS-8), St. Theresa (PreK–8), King's School – formerly known as Palm Valley School (K–8), Desert Christian (K–12), Marywood-Palm Valley School, and The academy.

In 2006 the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Bernardino built the Xavier College Preparatory High School[238] in Palm Desert.

Post-secondary education Edit

The Desert Community College District, headquartered with its main campus, College of the Desert, is located in Palm Desert. California State University, San Bernardino and University of California, Riverside used to have satellite campuses available within the College of the Desert campus, but now have their own buildings in Palm Desert.

Private post-secondary education institutions include Brandman University (branch in Palm Desert),[239] California Desert Trial Academy College of Law (in Indio),[240] Kaplan College (Palm Springs),[241] University of Phoenix (Palm Desert),[242] Mayfield College (Cathedral City),[243] and California Nurses Educational Institute (Palm Springs).[244]

Media Edit

Radio and television Edit

Further information: List of television stations in California § LPTV stations

Palm Springs is the 144th largest TV market as defined by AC Nielsen. The Palm Springs DMA is unique among TV markets as it is entirely located within only a small portion of Riverside County. Also, while many cities launched local television stations during the 1950s, Palm Springs did not have a local TV station until October 1968, when stations KPLM-TV (now KESQ) and KMIR-TV debuted. Prior to that time, Palm Springs was served by TV stations from the Los Angeles market, which were carried on the local cable system that began operations in the 1950s and which predated the emergence of local broadcast stations by more than a decade.

TV stations serving the Palm Springs and Coachella Valley area include:

The CW, MyNetworkTV, PBS, and other networks are covered by low power TV stations in the market.

Additionally, Palm Springs and the surrounding area are served by AM and FM radio stations including the following:

News outlets and magazines Edit

  • The Desert Sun is the local daily newspaper serving Palm Springs and the Coachella Valley region. It is owned by the Gannett Corporation, parent company of USA Today.
  • The Palm Springs Post is a digital-only news site and daily newsletter serving only Palm Springs. It is independently owned and operated.[245]
  • Desert Magazine is a monthly lifestyle magazine delivered to 40,000 homes.
  • The Desert Star Weekly (formerly the Desert Valley Star) is published in Desert Hot Springs, California.
  • The Desert Daily Guide[246] is a weekly LGBT periodical.[247]
  • Palm Springs Life is a monthly magazine; it also has publications on El Paseo Drive shopping in Palm Desert, desert area entertainment, homes, health, culture and arts, golf, plus annual issues on weddings and dining out.[248]
  • The Palm Springs Villager[249][250] was published in the early 20th century until 1959.
  • The Palm Canyon Times was published from 1993 to 1996.
  • The Desert Post Weekly – Cathedral City.[251]
  • The Public Record – Palm Desert, is a business and public affairs weekly.[252]

Infrastructure Edit

Libraries Edit

The city's library was started in 1924 and financed by Martha Hitchcock. It expanded in 1940 on land donated to the newly incorporated city by Dr. Welwood Murray and was financed through the efforts of Thomas O'Donnell.[253] The present site now operates as a branch library, research library for the Palm Springs Historical Society, and tourism office for the Palm Springs Bureau of Tourism.[254]

Transportation Edit

One of the first transportation routes for Palm Springs was on the Bradshaw Trail, an historic overland stage coach route from San Bernardino to La Paz, Arizona. The Bradshaw Trail operated from 1862 to 1877. In the 1870s the Southern Pacific Railroad expanded its lines into the Coachella Valley.[255]

Modern transportation services include:

Highways include:

  SR 111 – California State Route 111, which intersects the city.
  I-10 – Interstate 10 generally runs north of the city.
  SR 74 – The Pines to Palms Scenic Byway (California State Route 74) runs from the coast, over the San Jacinto Mountains to nearby Palm Desert.
  SR 62 – California State Route 62 (a Blue Star Memorial Highway) intersects I-10 northwest of the city and runs north to San Bernardino County and the Colorado River.

Cemeteries Edit

In 1890, the Jane Augustine Patencio Cemetery was established on Tahquitz Way with the burial of Jane Augustine Patencio.[68] It is maintained by the Agua Caliente Tribe.

The Welwood Murray Cemetery was started by hotel operator Welwood Murray in 1894 when his son died.[24]: 46 [260] It is maintained by the Palm Springs Cemetery District,[261] which also maintains the Desert Memorial Park in Cathedral City.

Also in Cathedral City is the Forest Lawn Cemetery, maintained by Forest Lawn Memorial-Parks & Mortuaries.

Notable people Edit

Main article: List of people from Palm Springs, California

Over 400 Palm Springs and Coachella Valley residents have been recognized on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars.

In popular culture Edit

See also: List of films and TV series set in Palm Springs, California and List of films shot in Palm Springs, California

The Palm Springs area has been a filming location, topical setting, and storyline subject for many films, television shows, and works of literature. The April 20, 1958 "Gunsmoke" radio episode "The Partners" features a prominent commercial lauding Palm Springs.

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ a b "Palm Springs". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved November 11, 2014.
  2. ^ . California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  3. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  4. ^ a b c . United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 6, 2012. Retrieved February 11, 2015.
  5. ^ Seiler, Hansjakob; Hioki, Kojiro (1979). Cahuilla Dictionary. Malki Museum Press. p. 183.
  6. ^ Siva Sauvel, Katherine; Munro, Pamela (1982). Chem'ivillu' (Let's Speak Cahuilla). Malki Museum Press.
  7. ^ Mathews, Joe (February 1, 2018). "Canadians love the California desert. Why not let them have it, eh?". The Sacramento Bee. Retrieved September 8, 2018.
  8. ^ . City of Palm Springs. Archived from the original on August 16, 2014. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
  9. ^ a b Baker, Christopher P. (2008). Explorer's Guide Palm Springs & Desert Resorts: A Great Destination. The Countryman Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-1581570489.
  10. ^ a b c Vechten, Ken Van (2010). Insider's Guide to Palm Springs. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 17; ISBN 978-0762761579
  11. ^ Smolinski, Dick and Craig A. Doherty (1994). The Cahuilla. Rourke Publications. p. 4. ISBN 978-0866255271
  12. ^ Palmer, Roger C. (2012). Palm Springs. Arcadia Publishing. p. ix. ISBN 978-0738589138.
  13. ^ Gray-Kanatiiosh, Barbara A. (2010). Cahuilla. ABDO Publishing Company. p. 4. ISBN 978-1617849077
  14. ^ Niemann, Greg (2006). Palm Springs Legends: Creation of a Desert Oasis. Sunbelt Publications, Inc. p. 15. ISBN 978-0932653741.
  15. ^ Bean, Lowell L. (1974). Mukat's People: The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. University of California Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0520026278
  16. ^ Baker, Christopher P. (2008). Explorer's Guide Palm Springs & Desert Resorts: A Great Destination. The Countryman Press. p. 31. ISBN 978-1581570489
  17. ^ Whitley, David S. (1996). A Guide to Rock Art Sites: Southern California and Southern Nevada. Mountain Press Publishing. pp. 94–96. ISBN 978-0878423323
  18. ^ Baker, Christopher P. (2008). Explorer's Guide Palm Springs & Desert Resorts: A Great Destination. The Countryman Press. p. 216. ISBN 978-1581570489
  19. ^ Niemann, Greg (2006). Palm Springs Legends: Creation of a Desert Oasis. Sunbelt Publications, Inc., p. 259. ISBN 978-0932653741
  20. ^ Eargle, Dolan H. (2008). Native California: An Introductory Guide to the Original Peoples From Earliest to Modern Times. Trees Company Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0937401118
  21. ^ Wilkerson, Lyn (2009). Slow Travels – California. Lulu Press, Inc. p. 96. ISBN 978-0557088072
  22. ^ Wares, Donna (2008). Great Escapes: Southern California. The Countryman Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-0881507799
  23. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 9, 2014. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Niemann, Greg (2006). Palm Springs Legends: creation of a desert oasis. San Diego, CA: Sunbelt Publications. p. 286. ISBN 978-0932653741. OCLC 61211290. (here for Table of Contents)
  25. ^ a b c d e Lech, Steve (2004). Along the Old Roads: A History of the Portion of Southern California that became Riverside County: 1772–1893. Riverside, CA: Steve Lech. p. 902. OCLC 56035822.
  26. ^ Gittens, Roberta (November 1992). "A Palm-filled Oasis: Palm Springs and the Desert Communities of the Coachella Valley". Art of California. Vol. 5, no. 5. p. 45. ISSN 1045-8913. OCLC 19009782.
  27. ^ . Archived from the original on December 20, 2010. Retrieved August 18, 2010.
  28. ^ Bright, William (1998). Fifteen Hundred California Place Names. University of California Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0520212718. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
  29. ^ Gudde, Erwin Gustav; Bright, William (1998). California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names (4th ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 277. ISBN 978-0520242173. LCCN 97043168. 'The fine large trees which mark the course of the run have furnished the name ...' (Whipple 1849:7–8). The place is shown as Big Palm Springs on the von Leicht-Craven map of 1874.
  30. ^ a b Wild, Peter (2007). Tipping the Dream: A Brief History of Palm Springs. Johannesburg, CA: The Shady Myrick Research Project. p. 228. OCLC 152590848.
  31. ^ a b c d Colacello, Bob (June 1999). (PDF). Vanity Fair. Becker, Jonathan (photographs). pp. 192–211. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 11, 2013.
  32. ^ Palm Valley Land Co. (c. 1888). Views in Palm Valley...: The earliest fruit region in the state...now on sale by Biggs, Fergusson & Co. San Francisco. OCLC 82950785.
  33. ^ Two early, but fictional, visitors were six-year-old Mary and her cousin Jack. See: Foster, Ethel T. (1913). "A Visit to Palm Springs". Little Tales of the Desert. Villa, Hernando G. (illustrations). Los Angeles: Kingsley, Mason and Collins Co. p. 23. ISBN 978-1176787933. LCCN 13025440. OCLC 3726918. Just beyond [the Indian village] was Palm Springs settlement itself, with lots of tents, several houses, a store and [Dr. Murray's Hotel]....They visited the funny little cottages with their roofs and sides all covered with big palm leaves instead of boards. Then they went up to the hot springs.
  34. ^ Brown, Renee (July 24, 2014). . The Desert Sun. Palm Springs: Gannett. Archived from the original on July 29, 2021.
  35. ^ James, George Wharton; Eytel, Carl (illustrator) (1906). The Wonders of the Colorado Desert (Southern California). Boston: Little, Brown and Company. p. 547. ISBN 978-1103733613. LCCN 06043916. OCLC 2573290. (Available as a pdf file through the HathiTrust Digital Library.)
    • Wonders is illustrated with over 300 drawings by desert artist Carl Eytel. Many of those drawings, including the Title Page figure, are used throughout Steve Lech's extensive history of early Riverside County. See: Along the Old Roads (cited above).
  36. ^ Reviews of Wonders included:
    • Adams, Cyrus C. (March 2, 1907). "Wonders of the Far West: George Wharton James's New Book on the Colorado Desert" (PDF). The New York Times Saturday Review of Books. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
    • "A Guide to the New Books". The Literary Digest. Vol. XXXIV, no. 7. February 16, 1907. pp. 263–264. This elaborate treatise is a distinct contribution to the literature of the natural wonders of our country.
    • Gilmour, John Hamilton (February 3, 1907). "The Wonders of the Colorado Desert, California". San Francisco Call. Vol. 101, no. 65. p. Magazine, 3. He has written admirably and knowingly ... and this ... is in line with his previous works.
  37. ^ Starr, Kevin (1997). "1. Good Times on the Coast: Affluence and the Anti-Depression". The Dream Endures: California Enters the 1940s. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 512. ISBN 978-0195100792.
  38. ^ Desert Inn (1923). The Desert Inn: Where Desert and Mountains Meet, Palm Springs, California. Los Angeles: Times-Mirror Print & Binding House. p. 24. OCLC 82839637.
  39. ^ . Palm Springs Life. Archived from the original on August 21, 2014. Retrieved October 20, 2013. County of Riverside Historical Marker No. 044; 123 North Palm Canyon (image of marker with 1908 date)
  40. ^ Bright, Marjorie Belle (1981). Nellie's Boardinghouse: a dual biography of Nellie Coffman and Palm Springs. Palm Springs: ETC Pub. p. 247.
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Further reading Edit

  • Palm Springs in general, history, culture, and city
    • Berk, Heather Lynn (1994). Times of Change: The Growth of Palm Springs from Village to Suburbia, 1945–1955. Claremont McKenna College Senior Thesis X190. p. 114. OCLC 33434649.
    • Block, Charles (1989). Canyon Palms: a Desert Tribute. C. Block. p. 64. LCCN 89090703. OCLC 22984922.
    • Bogert, Frank M. (2006). View From the Saddle: Characters Who Crossed My Trail. Palm Springs: ETC Publications. p. 232. ISBN 978-0882801582. OCLC 62110026.
    • Churchwell, Mary Jo (2001). Palm Springs: the Landscape, the History, the Lore. Palm Springs: Ironwood. p. 234. ISBN 978-0971301603. LCCN 2001118347. OCLC 48484360.
    • Dutcher, L C (Lee Carlton); Bader, John S. (1963). Geology and Hydrology of Agua Caliente Springs, Palm Springs. Washington, DC: GPO. p. 43. LCCN gs63000220. OCLC 9026608.
    • Gunther, Jane Davies (1984). Riverside County, California, Place Names: Their Origins and Their Stories. Riverside, CA. p. 634. LCCN 84072920. OCLC 12103181.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
    • Haber, Mel (2010) [1996]. Bedtime Stories of the Ingleside Inn. BearManor Media. p. 248. ISBN 978-1593935337. LCCN 96143705. OCLC 34068259.
    • Historic Resources Inventory & Context Statement (Report). City of Palm Springs. December 2018.
    • Haber, Mel; Terrill, Marshall (2008). Palm Springs a la Carte: The Colorful World of the Caviar Crowd at Their Favorite Desert Hideaway. Fort Lee, NJ: Barricade Books. p. 256. ISBN 978-1569803530. LCCN 2008020745. OCLC 221149085.
    • Jensen, Thomas Arden (1954). Palm Springs, California: its evolution and functions. Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles. p. 221. LCCN mic58006446. OCLC 14691400, 17345784
    • Lawson, Greg (1989). Palm Springs Oasis. Translated by Fabienne S. Chauderlot; Margaret M. Posner; Roselinde Konrad. El Cajon, CA: First Choice Publishers. p. 63. ISBN 978-0916251390. LCCN 89085067. OCLC 21541845.
    • McKinney, Marshall Glenn (1996). Vanishing footprints from the hot desert sand: remembrances of a 90 year old Palm Springs pioneer: horse and wagon days on the southern California desert: a historical autobiography. Sonoma, CA: McKinney. p. 245. LCCN 96094678. OCLC 36017354.
    • Moruzzi, Peter (2009). Palm Springs Holiday: A Vintage Tour from Palm Springs to the Salton Sea. Salt Lake City, UT: Gibbs Smith. p. 176. ISBN 978-1423604761. LCCN 2009000539. OCLC 298470746. This is the story of the Coachella Valley—home of Palm Springs, Rancho Mirage, Palm Desert, La Quinta, Indio, and other desert cities—as experienced by the average tourist who vacationed here from the 1910s through the 1960s.
      • Moruzzi, Peter (2006). Palm Springs Holiday: A Vintage Postcard Tour from Palm Springs to the Salton Sea (DVD). Palm Springs: Palm Springs Modern Committee. OCLC 666527235.
    • Navez, Ren (2006). Palm Springs: California's Desert Gem. Englewood, CO: Westcliffe. p. 112. ISBN 978-1565795525. LCCN 2005024385. OCLC 61458191.
    • Nelson, John (February–May 1948). "The History of Palm Springs". Palm Springs Villager. OCLC 14691205.
    • Presley, Sally (1993). Facts and legends: the village of Palm Springs. Palm Springs: Almost Publishers and Mee. p. 25. LCCN 94203576. OCLC 31331501.
    • Reynolds, Christopher (December 6, 2009). "A visit to 1959 Palm Springs: The year was a seminal one for the desert resort town; 50 years on it's still a swingin' time". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
    • Richards, Elizabeth W. (1981). Palm Springs – the Early Years. Palm Springs: Palm Springs Savings and Loan. p. 37. OCLC 7395533. (Originally published in 1961 as A Look into Palm Springs' Past by Santa Fe Federal Savings & Loan Assoc. LCC F869 P18 R5)
    • Ringwald, George (1960). "Legend, Feuding and Tragedy: A Story of Palm Springs' Beginnings". Palm Springs Life, 1960–1961: Annual Pictorial. pp. 19–39.
    • Saeks, Diane Dorrans (2007). Palm Springs Living. David Glomb (photographs). Rizzoli. p. 224. ISBN 978-0847827664. LCCN 2007921705. OCLC 159649838.
    • Thompson, Gail Borden; Don R. Peterson (c. 1987). Palm Springs Galaxy. Springfield, MN: Mardo Copr. LCCN 88120371. OCLC 18292008.
    • Wild, Peter (2007). The Grumbling Gods: a Palm Springs Reader. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press. p. 251. ISBN 978-0874808995. LCCN 2007015086. OCLC 122974473. covers the city's history
    • Wild, Peter (1999). "Chapter 9: J. Smeaton Chase – Our Araby". The Opal Desert: Explorations of Fantasy and Reality in the American Southwest. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. p. 219. ISBN 978-0292791299. OCLC 40762502, 649978425 (print and on-line)
    • The Palm Springs and Desert Resort Area Story. Palm Springs: Chamber of Commerce. 1955. p. 80. OCLC 8463129.
  • Cahuilla Indian further reading
    • Ainsworth, Ed (1965). Golden Checkerboard. Palm Desert, CA: Desert-Southwest. p. 195. LCCN 66000811. OCLC 4391736. About the mid-20th century economic conditions of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians; its title comes from the layout of alternating land parcels shared between the Southern Pacific Railroad and Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians.
    • Brumgardt, John R. (1981). People of the magic waters: the Cahuilla Indians of Palm Springs. Palm Springs: ETC Publications. p. 122. ISBN 978-0882800608. LCCN 78016023.
    • Fischer, Mille Wolfe (c. 1995). Footprints Through the Palms. p. 36. OCLC 40422476.
September 10, 2023
palm, springs, california, palm, springs, redirects, here, other, uses, palm, springs, disambiguation, palm, springs, cahuilla, séc, desert, resort, city, riverside, county, california, united, states, within, colorado, desert, coachella, valley, city, covers,. Palm Springs redirects here For other uses see Palm Springs disambiguation Palm Springs Cahuilla Sec he 5 6 is a desert resort city in Riverside County California United States within the Colorado Desert s Coachella Valley The city covers approximately 94 square miles 240 km2 making it the largest city in Riverside County by land area With multiple plots in checkerboard pattern more than 10 of the city is part of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians reservation land and is the administrative capital of the most populated reservation in California Palm SpringsCityFlagSealLocation within Riverside CountyPalm SpringsLocation within CaliforniaShow map of CaliforniaPalm SpringsLocation within the United StatesShow map of the United StatesCoordinates 33 49 49 N 116 32 43 W 33 83028 N 116 54528 W 33 83028 116 54528 1 CountryUnited StatesStateCaliforniaCountyRiversideNative American Reservation partial Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla IndiansIncorporatedApril 20 1938 2 Government TypeCouncil Manager MayorGrace Elena Garner Mayor Pro TemJeffrey Bernstein City CouncilRon De Harte Christy Holstege Lisa Middleton City ManagerScott C Stiles Assistant City ManagerTeresa GallavanArea 3 Total94 68 sq mi 245 21 km2 Land94 54 sq mi 244 85 km2 Water0 14 sq mi 0 36 km2 0 90 Elevation 1 479 ft 146 m Population 2020 4 Total44 575 Density513 21 sq mi 198 15 km2 Time zoneUTC 8 Pacific Summer DST UTC 7 PDT ZIP Codes92262 92264Area codes442 760FIPS code06 55254GNIS feature IDs1652768 2411357Websitepalmspringsca wbr govThe population of Palm Springs was 44 575 as of the 2020 census but because Palm Springs is a retirement location and a winter snowbird destination the city s population triples between November and March 7 The city is noted for its mid century modern architecture design elements arts and cultural scene and recreational activities 8 Contents 1 History 1 1 Founding 1 1 1 Pre colonial history 1 1 2 Mexican explorers 1 1 3 Later 19th century 1 1 3 1 Early names and European settlers 1 1 3 2 Land development and drought 1 2 20th century 1 2 1 Resort development 1 2 2 Shopping district 1 2 3 World War II 1 2 4 Post World War II 1 2 5 Section 14 evictions 1 2 6 Year round living 1 2 6 1 Spring break 1 3 Today 2 Geography 2 1 Climate 2 2 Ecology 2 3 Wildlife 2 4 Neighborhoods 2 4 1 Movie Colony neighborhoods 2 4 2 El Rancho Vista Estates 2 4 3 Warm Sands 2 4 4 The Mesa 2 4 5 Tahquitz River Estates 2 4 6 Sunmor Estates 2 4 7 Historic Tennis Club 2 4 8 Las Palmas neighborhoods 2 4 9 Racquet Club Estates 2 4 10 Deepwell Estates 3 Demographics 3 1 2010 3 2 2000 3 3 Gay community 4 Economy 4 1 Top employers 4 2 Notable businesses 5 Arts and culture 5 1 Annual cultural events 5 2 Ongoing cultural events 5 3 Public art 5 4 Modern architecture 5 5 Museums and other points of interest 6 Sports 6 1 Baseball 6 2 Hockey 6 3 Tennis 6 4 Golf 6 5 Soccer 7 Parks and recreation 7 1 City parks 7 2 Recreation 8 Government 8 1 City 8 2 County 8 3 State 8 4 Federal 8 5 Tribal Council 9 Education 9 1 Public schools 9 2 Private schools 9 3 Post secondary education 10 Media 10 1 Radio and television 10 2 News outlets and magazines 11 Infrastructure 11 1 Libraries 11 2 Transportation 11 3 Cemeteries 12 Notable people 13 In popular culture 14 See also 15 References 16 Further reading 17 External linksHistory EditFounding Edit Pre colonial history Edit The first humans to settle in the area were the Cahuilla people who arrived 2 000 years ago 9 10 11 Cahuilla Indians lived here in isolation from other cultures for hundreds of years prior to European contact 12 They spoke Ivilyuat which is a Uto Aztecan language 13 Numerous prominent and powerful Cahuilla leaders were from the area including Cahuilla Lion Chief Juan Antonio 14 Palm Canyon was occupied during the winter months but they often moved to cooler Chino Canyon during the summer months 15 The Cahuilla Indians had several permanent settlements in the canyons of Palm Springs due to the abundance of water and shade Various hot springs were used during wintertime The Cahuilla hunted rabbit mountain goat and quail while trapping fish in nearby lakes and rivers While men were responsible for hunting women were responsible for collecting berries acorns and seeds They also made tortillas from mesquite seeds 9 While the Cahuillas often spent the summers in Indian Canyons the current site of Spa Resort Casino in downtown was often used during winter due to its natural hot springs 10 Native American petroglyphs can be seen in Tahquitz Chino and Indian Canyons The Cahuilla s irrigation ditches dams and house pits can also be seen here 16 Ancient petroglyphs pictographs and mortar holes can be seen in Andreas Canyon The mortar holes were used to grind acorns into meal 17 18 The Agua Caliente Hot Water Reservation was established in 1876 and consists of 31 128 acres 12 597 ha Six thousand seven hundred acres 2 700 ha are located by Downtown Palm Springs 19 The Native American land is on long lease land and next to one of California s high end communities making the tribe one of the wealthiest in California 20 The first name for Palm Springs was given by the native Cahuilla Se Khi boiling water 21 22 When the Agua Caliente Reservation was established by the United States government in 1876 the reservation land was composed of alternating sections 640 acres or 260 ha of land laid out across the desert in a checkerboard pattern The alternating non reservation sections were granted to the Southern Pacific Railroad as an incentive to bring rail lines through the Sonoran Desert A number of streets and areas in Palm Springs are named for Native American notables including Andreas Arenas Amado Belardo Lugo Patencio Saturnino and Chino All of these are common Cahuilla surnames 10 Presently the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians is composed of several smaller bands who live in the modern day Coachella Valley and San Gorgonio Pass The Agua Caliente Reservation occupies 32 000 acres 13 000 ha of which 6 700 acres 2 700 ha lie within the city limits making the Agua Caliente natives the city s largest landowners Tribal enrollment as of 2010 was 410 people 23 Mexican explorers Edit nbsp Californio soldier and explorer Jose Maria Estudillo was the first to note the existence of hot springs within the area of what is Palm Springs As of 1821 Mexico was independent of Spain and in March 1823 the Mexican Monarchy ended That same year in December Mexican diarist Jose Maria Estudillo and Brevet Captain Jose Romero were sent to find a route from Sonora to Alta California on their expedition they first recorded the existence of Agua Caliente at Palm Springs California 24 25 30 With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo after the Mexican American war the region became part of the United States in 1848 Later 19th century Edit Early names and European settlers Edit One possible origin of palm in the place name comes from early Spanish explorers who referred to the area as La Palma de la Mano de Dios or The Palm of God s hand 26 The earliest use of the name Palm Springs is from United States Topographical Engineers who used the term in 1853 maps 27 According to William Bright when the word palm appears in Californian place names it usually refers to the native California fan palm Washingtonia filifera which is abundant in the Palm Springs area 28 Other early names were Palmetto Spring and Big Palm Springs 29 The first European resident in Palm Springs itself was Jack Summers who ran the stagecoach station on the Bradshaw Trail in 1862 30 44 149 Fourteen years later 1876 the Southern Pacific railroad was laid 6 miles 9 5 km to the north isolating the station 30 17 In 1880 local Indian Pedro Chino was selling parcels near the springs to William Van Slyke and Mathew Bryne in a series of questionable transactions they in turn brought in W R Porter to help market their property through the Palm City Land and Water Company 25 275 By 1885 when San Francisco attorney later known as Judge John Guthrie McCallum began buying property in Palm Springs the name was already in wide acceptance The area was named Palm Valley when McCallum incorporated the Palm Valley Land and Water Company with partners O C Miller H C Campbell and James Adams M D 25 280 31 32 Land development and drought Edit nbsp Palm Canyon near Palm Springs showing palm trees over a creek circa 1901McCallum who had brought his ill son to the dry climate for health brought in irrigation advocate Dr Oliver Wozencroft and engineer J P Lippincott to help construct a canal from the Whitewater River to fruit orchards on his property 25 276 279 He also asked Dr Welwood Murray to establish a hotel across the street from his residence Murray did so in 1886 he later became a famous horticulturalist 25 280 The crops and irrigation systems suffered flooding in 1893 from record rainfall and then an 11 year drought 1894 1905 caused further damage 24 40 20th century Edit Resort development Edit nbsp A 1950s postcard publicizing one of the many hotels sprouting in Palm Springs during the early to mid 20th centuryThe city became a fashionable resort in the 1900s 33 when health tourists arrived with conditions that required dry heat Because of the heat however the population dropped markedly in the summer months 34 In 1906 naturalist and travel writer George Wharton James s two volume The Wonders of the Colorado Desert described Palm Springs as having great charms and attractiveness 35 278 281 and included an account of his stay at Murray s hotel 36 As James also described Palm Springs was more comfortable in its microclimate because the area was covered in the shadow of Mount San Jacinto to the west 31 and in the winter the mountains block cold winds from the San Gorgonio pass 37 Early illustrious visitors included John Muir and his daughters U S Vice President Charles Fairbanks and Fanny Stevenson widow of Robert Louis Stevenson still Murray s hotel was closed in 1909 and torn down in 1954 24 45 Nellie N Coffman and her physician husband Harry established The Desert Inn as a hotel and sanitarium in 1909 38 39 It was expanded as a modern hotel in 1927 and continued on until 1967 24 Ch 13 40 41 Coffman herself was a driving force in the city s tourism industry until her death in 1950 42 James s Wonders of the Colorado Desert above was followed in 1920 by J Smeaton Chase s Our Araby Palm Springs and the Garden of the Sun which also promoted the area 43 In 1924 Pearl McCallum daughter of Judge McCallum returned to Palm Springs and built the Oasis Hotel with her husband Austin G McManus the Modern Art Deco resort was designed by Lloyd Wright and featured a 40 foot 12 m tower 24 68 69 44 nbsp The San Jacinto Mountains border Palm Springs to the west The next major hotel was the El Mirador a large and luxurious resort that attracted the biggest movie stars opening in 1927 its prominent feature was a 68 foot tall 21 m Renaissance style tower 24 Ch 23 45 Silent film star Fritzi Ridgeway s 100 room Hotel del Tahquitz was built in 1929 next to the Fool s Folly mansion built by Chicago heiress Lois Kellogg 46 Golfing was available at the O Donnell 9 hole course 1926 and the El Mirador 1929 course see Golf below Hollywood movie stars were attracted by the hot dry sunny weather and seclusion they built homes and estates in the Warm Sands The Mesa and Historic Tennis Club neighborhoods see Neighborhoods below About 20 000 visitors came to the area in 1922 47 Palm Springs became popular with movie stars in the 1930s 48 and estate building expanded into the Movie Colony neighborhoods Tahquitz River Estates and Las Palmas neighborhoods Actors Charles Farrell and Ralph Bellamy opened the Racquet Club in 1934 24 Ch 25 49 50 and Pearl McCallum opened the Tennis Club in 1937 44 Nightclubs were set up as well with Al Wertheimer opening The Dunes outside of Palm Springs in 1934 24 254 and the Chi Chi nightclub opening in 1936 51 52 206 207 Besides the gambling available at the Dunes Club other casinos included The 139 Club and The Cove Club outside of the city 53 54 Shopping district Edit nbsp Palm trees along shops Bullock s a large upscale department store on Broadway in Los Angeles opened a Spanish Colonial style resort store within the Desert Inn complex in 1930 When Bullock s opened a full department store at 151 Palm Canyon Drive in 1947 J W Robinson s another large L A store took the former Bullock s location and opened its own resort store there 55 Southern California s first self contained shopping center was in Palm Springs La Plaza originally Palm Springs Plaza and on street open air center anchored by a small Desmond s department store in 1936 The three level parking garage for 141 cars was an innovation and the largest in Riverside County at that time 56 In the mid twentieth century across the street on Palm Canyon Drive were department stores like Bullock s Bullocks Wilshire No 151 1947 1990 J W Robinson s No 333 1958 1987 57 58 59 and Saks Fifth Avenue opened October 16 1959 at No 490 60 forming a large shopping district In 1967 the Desert Fashion Plaza mall was built I Magnin opened there closed 1992 61 and Saks closed its previous location and moved into a new larger store in the mall Joseph Magnin Co opened a 26 000 square foot 2 400 m2 department store in the mall in 1969 62 meaning that together with a Sears at 611 Palm Canyon Dr for two decades downtown boasted seven department stores plus the Palm Springs Mall 1 5 miles 2 5 km to the east operating from 1959 to 2005 World War II Edit When the United States entered World War II Palm Springs and the Coachella Valley were important in the war effort The original airfield near Palm Springs became a staging area for the Air Corps Ferrying Command s 21st Ferrying Group in November 1941 and a new airfield was built 1 2 mile 0 8 km from the old site The new airfield 63 43 designated Palm Springs Army Airfield 64 was completed in early 1942 Personnel from the Air Transport Command 560th Army Air Forces Base Unit stayed at the La Paz Guest Ranch and training was conducted at the airfield by the 72nd and 73rd Ferrying Squadrons Later training was provided by the IV Fighter Command 459th Base Headquarters and Air Base Squadron Eight months before Pearl Harbor Day the El Mirador Hotel was fully booked and adding new facilities 65 After the war started the U S government bought the hotel from owner Warren Phinney for 750 000 66 just over 13 000 000 if including inflation in 2020 and converted it into the Torney General Hospital 67 with Italian prisoners of war serving as kitchen help and orderlies in 1944 and 1945 68 Through the war it was staffed with 1 500 personnel and treated some 19 000 patients 50 55 General Patton s Desert Training Center encompassed the entire region with its headquarters in Camp Young at the Chiriaco Summit and an equipment depot maintained by the 66th Ordnance in present day Palm Desert 63 40 Post World War II Edit nbsp Kaufmann Desert House Palm Springs by Richard NeutraArchitectural modernists flourished with commissions from the stars using the city to explore architectural innovations new artistic venues and an exotic back to the land experiences Inventive architects designed unique vacation houses such as steel houses with prefabricated panels and folding roofs a glass and steel house in a boulder strewn landscape and a carousel house that turned to avoid the sun s glare 69 In 1946 Richard Neutra designed the Kaufmann Desert House A modernist classic this mostly glass residence incorporated the latest technological advances in building materials using natural lighting and floating planes and flowing space for proportion and detail 70 In recent years an energetic preservation program has protected and enhanced many classic buildings Culver 2010 argues that Palm Springs architecture became the model for mass produced suburban housing especially in the Southwest This Desert Modern style was a high end architectural style featuring open design plans wall to wall carpeting air conditioning swimming pools and very large windows As Culver concludes While environmentalists might condemn desert modern the masses would not Here it seemed were houses that fully merged inside and outside providing spaces for that essential component of Californian and indeed middle class American life leisure While not everyone could have a Neutra masterpiece many families could adopt aspects of Palm Springs modern 71 Hollywood values permeated the resort as it combined celebrity health new wealth and sex As Culver 2010 explains The bohemian sexual and marital mores already apparent in Hollywood intersected with the resort atmosphere of Palm Springs and this new more open sexuality would gradually appear elsewhere in national tourist culture 71 During this period the city government stimulated by real estate developers systematically removed and excluded poor people and Indians 72 73 Palm Springs was pictured by the French photographer Robert Doisneau in November 1960 as part of an assignment for Fortune 74 on the construction of golf courses in this particularly dry and hot area of the Colorado desert Doisneau submitted around 300 slides following his ten day stay depicting the lifestyle of wealthy retirees and Hollywood stars in the 1960s At the time Palm Springs counted just 19 courses which had grown to 125 by 2010 75 Section 14 evictions Edit Further information Golden Checkerboard Section 14 is a square mile of land owned by the Agua Caliente Band within close walking distance of downtown Former residents in this area mostly black people and other people of color lived in land leased in short terms by individual Indigenous owners Commercial development did not occur due to the 10 year limit on the leases 76 After changes in the Indian Leasing Act in 1959 long term leases were permitted Mayor Frank Bogert and other city officials advocated to the conservators that managed the tribe s leases to end the short term leases and enter into long term leases to largely white property owners for redevelopment City funds were used to clear the land for redevelopment including burning shacks and makeshift homes which had rented for 20 to 40 a month 77 In 2021 the California Attorney General s office later called the displacement a city engineered holocaust depriving dozens of Black and Latino people of generational wealth 78 dubious discuss After existing non Indian residents were evicted in the 1960s the tribe built the Spa Hotel and Casino downtown and the city built the Palm Springs Convention Center also the tribe leased land for developers to build hotels and condos 79 The Palm Springs Human Relations Commission cited this history as well as a conflict of interest while Bogert acted as conservator for tribal land which was being demolished by the city and racist comments regarding the poor Blacks who lived in Section 14 as justification for removing a statue of Bogert on horseback placed in 1990 in front of the Palm Springs City Hall 80 The City Council of Palm Springs ordered its removal in 2021 and formally apologized for the eviction of the Section 14 residents 81 After legal objections to its removal from Bogert s supporters and family members were rejected by the courts the statue was relocated on July 13 2022 82 Section 14 residents are still seeking financial reparations for the evictions 83 Year round living Edit nbsp A postcard of Palm Canyon Dr through Palm Springs downtown village in the 1950sSimilar to the pre war era Palm Springs remained popular with the rich and famous of Hollywood as well as retirees and Canadian tourists 84 Between 1947 and 1965 the Alexander Construction Company built some 2 200 houses in Palm Springs effectively doubling its housing capacity As the 1970s drew to a close increasing numbers of retirees moved to the Coachella Valley As a result Palm Springs began to evolve from a virtual ghost town in the summer to a year round community Businesses and hotels that used to close for the months of July and August instead remained open all summer As commerce grew so too did the number of families with children The recession of 1973 1975 affected Palm Springs as many of the wealthy residents had to cut back on their spending 85 Later in the 1970s numerous Chicago mobsters invested 50 million in the Palm Springs area buying houses land and businesses 86 While Palm Springs faced competition from the desert cities to the east in the later 1980s 87 it has continued to prosper into the 21st century 88 Palm Springs as well as surrounding areas became a desired destination as the COVID 19 pandemic began the city saw an increase of residents from larger cities like Los Angeles San Francisco and Seattle with new residents seeking less dense areas from which to work remotely 89 Spring break Edit Since the early 1950s 90 the city had been a popular spring break resort Glamorized as a destination in the 1963 movie Palm Springs Weekend 91 the number of visitors grew and at times the gatherings had problems In 1969 an estimated 15 000 people had gathered for a concert at the Palm Springs Angel Stadium and 300 were arrested for drunkenness or disturbing the peace 92 In the 1980s 10 000 or more college students would visit the city and form crowds and parties and another rampage occurred in 1986 93 when Palm Springs Police in riot gear had to put down the rowdy crowd 94 In 1990 due to complaints by residents mayor Sonny Bono and the city council closed the city s Palm Canyon Drive to spring breakers and the downtown businesses normally filled with tourists lost money 95 Today Edit Tourism is a major factor in the city s economy with 1 6 million visitors in 2011 47 The city has over 130 hotels and resorts numerous bed and breakfasts and over 100 restaurants and dining spots 96 Events such as the Coachella and Stagecoach Festivals in nearby Indio attract younger people making greater Palm Springs a more attractive area to retire 97 Following the 2008 recession Palm Springs revitalized its Downtown the Village Rebuilding started with the demolition of the Bank of America building in January 2012 with the Desert Fashion Plaza scheduled for demolition in 2013 98 In 2020 Christy Holstege became the mayor of Palm Springs which made her the first openly bisexual mayor in the United States as well as the first female mayor of Palm Springs 99 100 The following year Lisa Middleton became mayor making her the first openly transgender mayor in California history 101 The movement behind mid century modern architecture 1950s 60s era in Palm Springs is backed by architecture enthusiasts designers and local historians to preserve many of Palm Springs buildings and homes of famous celebrities businessmen and politicians Stores sell furniture and gifts that feature a mid century modern theme The city holds a Modernism Week celebration every February along with several related smaller events during the year 102 Geography EditPalm Springs is located in the Sonoran Desert According to the United States Census Bureau the city has a total area of 95 0 square miles 246 km2 of which 94 1 square miles 244 km2 is land and 0 9 square miles 2 3 km2 1 is water Located in the Coachella Valley desert region Palm Springs is sheltered by the San Bernardino Mountains to the north the Santa Rosa Mountains to the south by the San Jacinto Mountains to the west and by the Little San Bernardino Mountains to the east Climate Edit Palm Springs has a hot desert climate in Koppen Geiger classification BWh with over 300 days of sunshine and 4 93 inches 125 2 mm of precipitation annually 103 The winter months are warm with a majority of days reaching 70 F 21 C and in January and February days often see temperatures of 80 F 27 C and on occasion reach over 90 F 32 C while on average there are 17 nights annually dipping to or below 40 F 4 C 103 freezing temperatures occur in less than half of years The lowest temperature recorded is 19 F 7 C on January 22 1937 104 Summers are extremely hot with daytime temperatures consistently surpassing 110 F 43 C while overnight temperatures often remain above 80 F 27 C The mean annual temperature is 75 6 F 24 2 C There are on average 176 6 days with a high reaching 90 F 32 C and 100 F 38 C can be seen on 114 8 days 103 The highest temperature on record in Palm Springs is 123 F 51 C most recently achieved on June 17 2021 105 The climate year round is suitable for many palm trees in this area of California due to the number of sunny days annually the average high temperatures and daily low temperatures 106 Climate data for Palm Springs California 1991 2020 normals extremes 1922 present Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high F C 95 35 99 37 104 40 112 44 116 47 123 51 123 51 123 51 122 50 116 47 102 39 93 34 123 51 Average high F C 70 5 21 4 73 7 23 2 80 6 27 0 86 7 30 4 94 7 34 8 103 6 39 8 108 6 42 6 108 1 42 3 101 8 38 8 91 1 32 8 78 7 25 9 69 2 20 7 88 9 31 6 Daily mean F C 59 0 15 0 61 7 16 5 67 5 19 7 72 9 22 7 80 3 26 8 88 2 31 2 94 0 34 4 94 0 34 4 88 1 31 2 77 8 25 4 66 0 18 9 57 7 14 3 75 6 24 2 Average low F C 47 6 8 7 49 7 9 8 54 4 12 4 59 1 15 1 65 9 18 8 72 7 22 6 79 4 26 3 79 8 26 6 74 4 23 6 64 5 18 1 53 4 11 9 46 2 7 9 62 3 16 8 Record low F C 19 7 24 4 29 2 34 1 36 2 44 7 54 12 52 11 46 8 30 1 23 5 23 5 19 7 Average precipitation inches mm 1 14 29 1 11 28 0 51 13 0 09 2 3 0 02 0 51 0 00 0 00 0 25 6 4 0 14 3 6 0 24 6 1 0 20 5 1 0 23 5 8 0 68 17 4 61 117 Average precipitation days 2 7 3 1 1 9 1 1 0 5 0 0 1 0 0 7 1 0 0 9 1 3 2 7 16 9Source NOAA 107 108 Ecology Edit nbsp A wind farm in Palm SpringsThe locale features a variety of native Low Desert flora and fauna A notable tree occurring in the wild and under cultivation is the California Fan Palm Washingtonia filifera 109 Wildlife Edit The fauna of Palm Springs is mostly species adapted to desert temperature extremes and to lack of moisture It is located within the Nearctic faunistic realm in a region containing an assemblage of species similar to Northern Africa 110 Native fauna includes pronghorns desert bighorn sheep desert tortoise kit fox desert iguanas horned lizards chuckwalla bobcats mountain lions and Gila monsters Other animals include ground squirrels rock squirrels porcupines skunks cactus mice kangaroo rats pocket gophers and raccoons 111 Desert birds here include the iconic roadrunner which can run at speeds exceeding 15 mph 24 km h Other avifauna includes the ladder backed woodpecker flycatchers elf owls great horned owls sparrow hawks and a variety of raptors 112 The Sonoran Desert has more species of rattlesnakes 11 than anywhere else in the world 113 The most common species is the extremely venomous Mojave green which is considered the world s most dangerous rattlesnake The largest rattle snake species here is the western diamondback rattlesnake while other species include the black tailed rattlesnake tiger rattler and sidewinder rattler 114 Palm Springs is home to tarantulas and various scorpion species including the vinegaroon 115 Although black bears are not common in the Coachella Valley bears have been observed in Palm Springs and other parts of California 116 Today jaguars roam the northern Mexican dry lands however they were previously common throughout the Coachella Valley The last documented jaguar sighting in Palm Springs was in 1860 117 Neighborhoods Edit nbsp View through the San Jacinto Mountains to Palm SpringsThe City of Palm Springs has developed a program to identify distinctive neighborhoods in the community 118 Of the 45 neighborhoods 118 7 have historical and cultural significance 119 Movie Colony neighborhoods Edit The Movie Colony is just east of Palm Canyon Drive 120 The Movie Colony East neighborhood extends further east from the Ruth Hardy Park 121 These areas started growing in the 1930s as Hollywood movie stars built their smaller getaways from their Los Angeles area estates Bob Hope Frank Sinatra Estee Lauder Carmen Miranda and Bing Crosby built homes in these neighborhoods El Rancho Vista Estates Edit In the 1960s Robert Fey built 70 homes designed by Donald Wexler and Ric Harrison in the El Rancho Vista Estates 122 Noted residents included Jack LaLanne and comic Andy Dick Warm Sands Edit Historic homes in the Warm Sands area date from the 1920s and many were built from adobe 123 It also includes small resorts and the Ramon Mobile Home Park Noted residents have included screenwriter Walter Koch artist Paul A Grimm activist Cleve Jones and actor Wesley Eure The Mesa Edit The Mesa started off as a gated community developed in the 1920s near the Indian Canyons 124 Noted residents have included King Gillette Zane Grey Clark Gable Carole Lombard Suzanne Somers Herman Wouk Henry Fernandez Barry Manilow and Trina Turk Distinctive homes include Donald Wexler s butterfly houses and the Streamline Moderne Ship of the Desert 125 Tahquitz River Estates Edit nbsp Tahquitz Canyon WaySome of the homes in this neighborhood date from the 1930s The area was owned by Pearl McCallum McManus and she started building homes in the neighborhood after World War II ended Dr William Scholl Dr Scholl s foot products owned a 10 acre 4 0 ha estate here Today the neighborhood is the largest neighborhood organization with 600 homes and businesses within its boundaries 126 Sunmor Estates Edit During World War II the original Sunmor Estates area was the western portion of the Palm Springs Army Airfield 127 Homes here were developed by Robert Higgins and the Alexander Construction Company Actor and former mayor Frank Bogert bought his home for 16 000 and lived there for more than 50 years Historic Tennis Club Edit Impoverished artist Carl Eytel first set up his cabin on what would become the Tennis Club in 1937 Another artist in the neighborhood who built his Moroccan style Dar Marrac estate in 1924 was Gordon Coutts 128 Other estates include Samuel Untermyer s Mediterranean style villa now the Willows Historic Palm Springs Inn 129 the Casa Cody Inn built by Harriet and Harold William Cody cousin of Buffalo Bill Cody 130 131 and the Ingleside Inn 132 built in the 1920s by the Humphrey Birge family The neighborhood now has about 400 homes condos apartments inns and restaurants 133 Las Palmas neighborhoods Edit To the west of Palm Canyon Drive are the Vista Las Palmas 134 Old Las Palmas and Little Tuscany neighborhoods 135 These areas also feature distinctive homes celebrity estates and Albert Frey s private residential complex Villa Hermosa Racquet Club Estates Edit Historic Racquet Club Estates located north of Vista Chino is home to over five hundred mid century modern homes from the Alexander Construction Company Meiselman homes and the famed Donald Wexler steel homes having Class One historic designation are also prominent in the area 136 Racquet Club Estates was Palm Springs first middle income neighborhood and became popular with Hollywood s elite in the 1950s and 60 s 52 41 Deepwell Estates Edit Deepwell Estates the eastern portion of the square mile 2 6 km2 defined by South East Palm Canyon Mesquite and Sunrise contains around 370 homes including notable homes architecturally and of celebrity figures Among the celebrities who lived in the neighborhood are Jerry Lewis Loretta Young Liberace and William Holden 137 138 Demographics Edit nbsp Palm Springs Presbyterian Church2010 Edit Historical population CensusPop Note 19403 434 19507 660123 1 196013 46875 8 197020 93655 4 198032 35954 6 199040 18124 2 200042 8076 5 201044 5524 1 202044 5750 1 U S Decennial Census 139 The 2010 United States Census 140 reported that Palm Springs had a population of 44 552 The population density was 469 1 inhabitants per square mile 181 1 km2 The racial makeup of Palm Springs was 33 720 75 7 White 63 6 Non Hispanic White 4 1 982 4 4 African American 467 1 0 Native American 1 971 4 4 Asian 71 0 2 Pacific Islander 4 949 11 1 from other races and 1 392 3 1 from two or more races Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11 286 persons 25 3 The Census reported that 44 013 people 98 8 of the population lived in households 343 0 8 lived in non institutionalized group quarters and 196 0 4 were institutionalized There were 22 746 households out of which 3 337 14 7 had children under the age of 18 living in them 5 812 25 6 were opposite sex married couples living together 1 985 8 7 had a female householder with no husband present 868 3 8 had a male householder with no wife present There were 1 031 4 5 unmarried opposite sex partnerships and 2 307 10 1 same sex married couples or partnerships 10 006 households 44 0 were made up of individuals and 4 295 18 9 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older The average household size was 1 93 There were 8 665 families 38 1 of all households the average family size was 2 82 The population was spread out with 6 125 people 13 7 under the age of 18 2 572 people 5 8 aged 18 to 24 8 625 people 19 4 aged 25 to 44 15 419 people 34 6 aged 45 to 64 and 11 811 people 26 5 who were 65 years of age or older The median age was 51 6 years For every 100 females there were 129 3 males For every 100 females age 18 and over there were 133 8 males There were 34 794 housing units at an average density of 366 3 per square mile 141 4 km2 of which 13 349 58 7 were owner occupied and 9 397 41 3 were occupied by renters The homeowner vacancy rate was 6 7 the rental vacancy rate was 15 5 24 948 people 56 0 of the population lived in owner occupied housing units and 19 065 people 42 8 lived in rental housing units During 2009 2013 Palm Springs had a median household income of 45 198 with 18 2 of the population living below the federal poverty line 4 2000 Edit nbsp Church of St Paul in the Desert nbsp A view of Palm Springs from the Museum TrailAs of the census 141 of 2000 there were 42 807 people 20 516 households and 9 457 families residing in the city The population density was 454 2 inhabitants per square mile 175 4 km2 There were 30 823 housing units at an average density of 327 0 per square mile 126 3 km2 The racial makeup of the city was 78 3 White 3 9 African American 0 9 Native American 3 8 Asian 0 1 Pacific Islander 9 8 from other races and 3 1 from two or more races Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23 7 of the population There were 20 516 out of which 16 3 had children under the age of 18 living with them 34 0 were married couples living together 8 5 had a female householder with no husband present and 53 9 were non families 41 6 of all households were made up of individuals and 18 3 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older The average household size was 2 1 and the average family size was 2 9 In the city the population was spread out with 17 0 under the age of 18 6 1 from 18 to 24 24 2 from 25 to 44 26 4 from 45 to 64 and 26 2 who were 65 years of age or older The median age was 47 years For every 100 females there were 107 8 males For every 100 females age 18 and over there were 107 4 males The median income for a household in the city was 35 973 and the median income for a family was 45 318 Males had a median income of 33 999 versus 27 461 for females The per capita income for the city was 25 957 About 11 2 of families and 15 1 of the population were below the poverty line including 28 2 of those under age 18 and 6 8 of those age 65 or over Gay community Edit Palm Springs has one of the highest concentrations of same sex couples of any community in the United States 142 143 In 2010 10 1 2 307 of the city s households belong to same sex married couples or partnerships compared to the national average of 1 Palm Springs has the fifth highest percentage of same sex households in the nation 142 27 Former mayor Ron Oden estimated that about a third of Palm Springs is gay 144 Over various times the city has catered to LGBT tourists with an increasing number of events such as the annual Club Skirts Dinah Shore Weekend as well as hosting various clothing optional resorts and events 145 146 Palm Springs is host to the Greater Palm Springs Pride Celebration This celebration held every year in November includes events such as the Palm Springs Pride Golf Classic the Stonewall Equality Concert and a Broadway in Drag Pageant The city also held same sex wedding ceremonies at the iconic Forever Marilyn statue located downtown before its relocation in 2014 In January 2018 Palm Springs ushered in America s first all LGBTQ city government 147 Economy Edit nbsp The Hotel California nbsp Restaurants near La Plaza nbsp Palm Springs Official Visitors Center is located in the historic Tramway Gas Station building designed by Albert Frey Though celebrities still retreat to Palm Springs many establish residences in other areas of the Coachella Valley The city s economy now relies on tourism and local government is largely supported by related retail sales taxes and the TOT transient occupancy tax The city hosts numerous festivals conventions and international events including the Palm Springs International Film Festival The world s largest rotating aerial tramcars 148 cable cars can be found at the Palm Springs Aerial Tramway These cars built by Von Roll Tramways 148 ascend from Chino Canyon two and a half miles 4 km up a steep incline to the station at 8 516 feet 2 596 m The San Jacinto Wilderness is accessible from the top of the tram and there is a restaurant with notable views The Palm Springs Convention Center underwent a multimillion dollar expansion and renovation under Mayor Will Kleindienst The City Council Sub Committee of Mayor Kleindienst and City Council Member Chris Mills selected Fentress Bradburn Architects 149 from Denver Colorado for the redesign Numerous hotels restaurants and attractions cater to tourists while shoppers can find a variety of high end boutiques in downtown and uptown Palm Springs The city is home to 20 clothing optional resorts including many catering to gay men 150 Downtown Palm Springs shopping is anchored by historic La Plaza built in 1936 Top employers Edit According to the City s 2022 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report 151 the top employers in the city are No Employer No of Employees1 Palm Springs Unified School District 2 5842 Desert Regional Medical Center 2 4593 Agua Caliente Casino Palm Springs 5474 City of Palm Springs 4705 Walmart Supercenter 3876 Margaritaville Resort Palm Springs 2517 The Home Depot 2208 Lowe s Home Improvement 1529 Ace Hotel amp Swim Club 11410 Hilton Palm Springs Resorts 108Notable businesses Edit Ace Hotel amp Swim Club a renovated mid 20th century motel 152 Bird Medical Technologies 153 Colony Palms Hotel opened in 1936 as The Colonial House by Las Vegas casino owner Al Wertheimer KGAY LGBT themed radio station 154 Raven Productions a television production company based in Palm Springs Earth Trek a travel and adventure program produced by Raven Arts and culture Edit nbsp Historic Hotel El MiradorAnnual cultural events Edit The Palm Springs International Film Festival and Palm Springs International Festival of Short Films ShortFest present movie star filled red carpet affairs in January and June respectively Modernism Week in February is an 11 day event featuring mid century modern architecture through films lectures tours and its Modernism Show amp Sale A four day Modernism Week Preview is held in mid October 155 The Palm Springs Black History Committee celebrates Black History Month with a parade and town fair every February 156 Agua Caliente Cultural Museum presents its annual Festival of Native Film amp Culture 157 at the Camelot Theaters in central Palm Springs nbsp Village Fest in Palm Springs The Club Skirts Dinah Shore Weekend known as The Dinah 31 is an LGBT event billed as the Largest Girl Party in the World held each March A circuit White Party is held in April attracting 10 000 visitors 31 158 The Palm Springs Cultural Center 159 hosts a number of annual events including Cinema Diverse The Palm Springs LGBTQ Film Festival The Arthur Lyons Film Noir Festival 160 the Certified Farmers Markets and more Palm Springs Desert Resorts Restaurant Week is held every June featuring 10 days of dining at over 100 restaurants in the Coachella Valley 161 The Caballeros a gay men s chorus and member of GALA Choruses has presented concerts since 1999 162 The following three parades held on Palm Canyon Drive were created by former Mayor Will Kleindienst Palm Springs Annual Homecoming Parade is held on the Wednesday prior to the Friday night Palm Springs High School Homecoming Game 163 The city sponsors a Veterans Day parade concert and fireworks display since 1996 164 It is one of 54 US Department of Veterans Affairs designated Regional Sites 165 for the national observance of Veterans Day 166 Since 1992 the Palm Springs Festival of Lights Parade is held on the first Saturday of December 167 Ongoing cultural events Edit For many years The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies was a stage show at the historic Plaza Theatre featuring performers over the age of 55 Still Kicking The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies is a 1997 Mel Damski short documentary film about the Follies The Palm Springs Follies closed for good after the 2013 14 season 168 Starting in 2004 the city worked with downtown businesses to develop the weekly Palm Springs VillageFest The downtown street fair has been a regular Thursday evening event drawing tourists and locals alike to Palm Canyon Drive to stroll amid the food and craft vendors 169 Events related to films and film craft are sponsored by the Desert Film Society 170 Public art Edit The city and various individuals have sponsored different public art projects in the city 171 172 Numerous galleries and studios are located in the city and region 173 The California Art Club has a chapter in Palm Springs 174 The Desert Art Center of Coachella Valley was established in Palm Springs in 1950 175 Modern architecture Edit nbsp Mid century modern house in Palm Springs nbsp Miller House by Richard NeutraMain article Mid Century modern Mid century modern in Palm Springs Besides its tradition of mid century modern architecture Palm Springs and the region features numerous noted architects Other non Mid Century Modern include 176 Edward H Fickett Haralamb H Georgescu Howard Lapham and Karim Rashid 177 Museums and other points of interest Edit nbsp Moorten Botanical Garden and Cactarium Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Agua Caliente Cultural Museum 178 presently located downtown at the Village Green Indian Canyons Palm Canyon 179 Andreas Canyon Murray Canyon 180 Tahquitz Canyon 181 wildlife area and one time staging place for the outdoor Desert Plays in the 1920s 182 Tahquitz Falls 60 foot 18 m waterfall used as a scene in Frank Capra s 1937 film Lost Horizon 183 Agua Caliente Casino in Rancho Mirage Spa Resort Casino which is based on the original hot springs of the town 184 Forever Marilyn sculpture by Seward Johnson in downtown Palm Springs 185 Moorten Botanical Garden and Cactarium Palm Springs Historical Society Museums 186 and Village Green 187 Miss Cornelia White s Little House railroad ties from the defunct Palmdale Railroad were used to build the house The McCallum Adobe the oldest remaining building built in 1884 Ruddy s General Store Museum a 1930s general store 188 Palm Springs Air Museum located at the Palm Springs International Airport Palm Springs Art Museum originally developed as the Desert Museum Annenberg Theater 189 Palm Springs Walk of Stars San Jacinto Mountains Cactus to Clouds Trail leads from the Art Museum to San Jacinto Peak Mount San Jacinto State Park Palm Springs Aerial Tramway Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument Children s Discovery Museum of the Desert in Rancho Mirage 190 Living Desert Zoo and Gardens in Palm Desert California Joshua Tree National Park Little San Bernardino MountainsSports EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message nbsp O Donnell Golf Club in Palm SpringsBaseball Edit Palm Springs is home to the Palm Springs POWER a semi pro collegiate league baseball team composed of college all stars of the Southern California Collegiate Baseball Association 191 It has a winter league baseball team the POWER winter team and Palm Springs Chill of the California Winter League 2010 consists of 12 other teams as of 2016 The League plays its games in Palm Springs Stadium and also on the baseball field in nearby Palm Springs High School Both sites feature 6 teams of the Palm Springs Collegiate League in the summer 192 The Palm Springs stadium was once the spring training site of the Major League Baseball California Angels now the Los Angeles Angels of the American League from 1961 to 1993 193 The stadium also hosted spring training of the Chicago White Sox 194 in the late 1940s 1950s the Oakland A s in the 1970s and the 1950s minor league Seattle Rainiers of the Pacific Coast League also trained there Hockey Edit In 2019 Palm Springs was approved to become the home to an American Hockey League AHL expansion team to begin play for the 2021 22 season and serve as the development affiliate of the National Hockey League s 2021 expansion team the Seattle Kraken 195 However the original project to build an arena in Palm Springs fell through leading to the team s launch to be delayed by one year to the 2022 23 season 196 The team later named as the Coachella Valley Firebirds then began building Coachella Valley Arena in nearby Thousand Palms California 197 198 Tennis Edit The Palm Springs area features numerous major sports events including the annual BNP Paribas Open in March voted by professional players over several years in the early 21st century as the premier mandatory Tournament of the Year 199 The Easter Bowl sponsored by the United States Tennis Association is a showcase tournament for junior tennis players girls and boys aged 12 to 18 years held annually in March among several tennis centers of the Palm Springs area 200 Golf Edit nbsp Aerial view overlooking the O Donnell Golf Club during the 1960sWith more golf courses than any other region in California Coachella Valley is the most popular golf vacation destination in California Early golf courses in Palm Springs were the O Donnell Golf Club built by oil magnate Thomas A O Donnell 201 and the El Mirador Hotel course both of which opened in the 1920s 24 120 After the Cochran Odlum Indio and Shadow Mountain pitch and putt courses were built after World II the first 18 hole golf course in the area was the Thunderbird Country Club established 1951 in Rancho Mirage 202 203 Thunderbird was designed by golf course architects Lawrence Hughes and Johnny Dawson 204 and in 1955 it hosted the 11th Ryder Cup championship In the 1970s the area had over 40 courses and in 2001 the 100th course was opened 24 121 The area is also home to the PGA Tour s Humana Challenge in partnership with the Clinton Foundation formerly the Bob Hope Chrysler Classic the LPGA s ANA Inspiration and the Canadian Tour s Desert Dunes Classic 205 Soccer Edit The Palm Springs AYSO Region 80 plays in Section 1H of the American Youth Soccer Organization 206 207 Parks and recreation EditCity parks Edit City parks include 208 Baristo Park DeMuth Park Desert Healthcare Wellness Park James O Jessie Desert Highland Unity Center 209 Dog Park behind city hall 210 Frances Stevens Park Ruth Hardy Park Sunrise Park Victoria Park Recreation Edit The Palm Springs Desert Ice Palace ice skating rink opened in nearby Cathedral City in October 2011 211 212 Boomers is a family entertainment center in Cathedral City 213 A city skatepark was designed after the noted Nude Bowl 214 CNL Financial Group operates the Wet n Wild Palm Springs water park in the summer Formerly operated as Knott s Soak City by Cedar Fair Entertainment Company In 1931 the Desert Riders was established 215 Starting off as a social organization for the cream of Palm Springs society the group sponsors horseback riding and trail building for equestrians hikers and bicyclists 216 The Desert Riders were also significant in providing combination chuckwagon meals and rides through nearby canyons to hotel guests as Palm Springs developed its tourist industry 217 Government EditCity Edit See also List of Mayors of Palm Springs California Business owners in the village first established a Palm Springs Board of Trade in 1918 followed by a chamber of commerce the city itself was established by election in 1938 218 219 and converted to a charter city with a charter adopted by the voters in 1994 220 Presently the city has a council manager type government with a five person city council that hires a city manager and city attorney The mayor is directly elected and serves a four year term The other four council members also serve four year terms with staggered elections The city is considered a full service city in that it staffs and manages its own police and fire departments including parks and recreation programs public library 221 sewer system and wastewater treatment plant international airport and planning and building services The city government is a member of the Southern California Association of Governments 222 Christy Holstege who took office as mayor in December 2020 was the first female and the first openly bisexual mayor in the city s history and the first openly bisexual mayor in American history 99 100 Lisa Middleton the first transgender mayor in California history took office in 2021 223 Palm Springs longest tenured mayor was Frank Bogert 1958 66 and 1982 88 He was credited with leading the city as it evolved from a small resort town into a larger community 224 Bogert s actions as mayor have proved controversial in recent years as allegations that Bogert removed hundreds of citizens of color from a city neighborhood led to the removal of a statue on city property that honored him 225 Former entertainer Sonny Bono had the most recognizable name Bono served from 1988 to 1992 and was eventually elected to the U S Congress 226 County Edit Palm Springs is in Supervisorial District 4 of Riverside County represented by Democrat V Manuel Perez 227 State Edit In the California State Legislature Palm Springs is in the 32nd Senate District represented by Republican Kelly Seyarto and in the 47th Assembly District represented by Republican Greg Wallis 228 Federal Edit In the United States House of Representatives Palm Springs is in California s 41st congressional district represented by Republican Ken Calvert 229 Tribal Council Edit Palm Springs is the seat of government and the administrative capital for the tribal council of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians 230 The tribal government governs over parts of the city where reservation jurisdictions overlap 231 Education EditPublic schools Edit Public education in Palm Springs is under the jurisdiction of the Palm Springs Unified School District an independent district with five board members 232 The Palm Springs High School 233 is the oldest school in the district built in 1938 Originally it was a K 12 school in the 1920s and had the College of the Desert campus from 1958 to 1964 And Raymond Cree Middle School in its current site since the mid 1960s Elementary schools in Palm Springs include 234 Cahuilla Elementary School Cielo Vista Charter School received a U S Department of Education National Blue Ribbon award in 2011 and U S Department of Education National Gold Ribbon Award in 2016 235 Katherine Finchy Elementary School 236 received a U S Department of Education National Blue Ribbon award in 2011 and U S Department of Education National Gold Ribbon Award in 2016 235 Vista del Monte Elementary SchoolAlternative education is provided by the Ramon Alternative Center 237 Private schools Edit Private schools in Palm Springs and nearby communities include Desert Chapel Christian School K 12 Desert Adventist Academy K 8 Sacred Heart School PS 8 St Theresa PreK 8 King s School formerly known as Palm Valley School K 8 Desert Christian K 12 Marywood Palm Valley School and The academy In 2006 the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Bernardino built the Xavier College Preparatory High School 238 in Palm Desert Post secondary education Edit The Desert Community College District headquartered with its main campus College of the Desert is located in Palm Desert California State University San Bernardino and University of California Riverside used to have satellite campuses available within the College of the Desert campus but now have their own buildings in Palm Desert Private post secondary education institutions include Brandman University branch in Palm Desert 239 California Desert Trial Academy College of Law in Indio 240 Kaplan College Palm Springs 241 University of Phoenix Palm Desert 242 Mayfield College Cathedral City 243 and California Nurses Educational Institute Palm Springs 244 Media EditRadio and television Edit Further information List of television stations in California LPTV stations Palm Springs is the 144th largest TV market as defined by AC Nielsen The Palm Springs DMA is unique among TV markets as it is entirely located within only a small portion of Riverside County Also while many cities launched local television stations during the 1950s Palm Springs did not have a local TV station until October 1968 when stations KPLM TV now KESQ and KMIR TV debuted Prior to that time Palm Springs was served by TV stations from the Los Angeles market which were carried on the local cable system that began operations in the 1950s and which predated the emergence of local broadcast stations by more than a decade TV stations serving the Palm Springs and Coachella Valley area include KDFX CD Fox Channel 33 Channel 11 on cable KESQ TV ABC Channel 42 Channel 3 on cable KMIR TV NBC Channel 36 Channel 13 on cable KPSP CD CBS Channel 38 Channel 2 on cable The CW MyNetworkTV PBS and other networks are covered by low power TV stations in the market Additionally Palm Springs and the surrounding area are served by AM and FM radio stations including the following KCLB FM KCRI KDES FM KDGL KGAY KHCS KHCV KKGX KKUU KLOB KMEE KMRJ KNWZ KNWQ KPLM KPSC FM KPSF KPSH KPSI FM KRCK FM KRHQ KSUT KUNA FM KVLA FM KWXY KXPS News outlets and magazines Edit The Desert Sun is the local daily newspaper serving Palm Springs and the Coachella Valley region It is owned by the Gannett Corporation parent company of USA Today The Palm Springs Post is a digital only news site and daily newsletter serving only Palm Springs It is independently owned and operated 245 Desert Magazine is a monthly lifestyle magazine delivered to 40 000 homes The Desert Star Weekly formerly the Desert Valley Star is published in Desert Hot Springs California The Desert Daily Guide 246 is a weekly LGBT periodical 247 Palm Springs Life is a monthly magazine it also has publications on El Paseo Drive shopping in Palm Desert desert area entertainment homes health culture and arts golf plus annual issues on weddings and dining out 248 The Palm Springs Villager 249 250 was published in the early 20th century until 1959 The Palm Canyon Times was published from 1993 to 1996 The Desert Post Weekly Cathedral City 251 The Public Record Palm Desert is a business and public affairs weekly 252 Infrastructure EditLibraries Edit The city s library was started in 1924 and financed by Martha Hitchcock It expanded in 1940 on land donated to the newly incorporated city by Dr Welwood Murray and was financed through the efforts of Thomas O Donnell 253 The present site now operates as a branch library research library for the Palm Springs Historical Society and tourism office for the Palm Springs Bureau of Tourism 254 Transportation Edit One of the first transportation routes for Palm Springs was on the Bradshaw Trail an historic overland stage coach route from San Bernardino to La Paz Arizona The Bradshaw Trail operated from 1862 to 1877 In the 1870s the Southern Pacific Railroad expanded its lines into the Coachella Valley 255 Modern transportation services include Palm Springs International Airport serves Palm Springs and the Coachella Valley Historical note during World War II it was operated as the Palm Springs Army Airfield SunLine Transit Agency provides bus service in the Coachella Valley Morongo Basin Transit Authority provides bus service to and from Morongo Basin communities Amtrak s Sunset Limited and Texas Eagle form a single train which stops thrice weekly at the Palm Springs Amtrak station Amtrak s Thruway Motorcoach connects Palm Springs to Bakersfield Claremont Indio La Crescenta Ontario Pasadena Riverside and San Bernardino 256 Curbside Thruway bus stops are located in Downtown Palm Springs and at the airport Historical note the Southern Pacific Railroad Argonaut served Palm Springs from 1926 to 1961 and its Imperial served the city from 1931 to 1967 257 Greyhound Bus Lines has a stop no ticketing at the Palm Springs Amtrak station 258 Flixbus provides service between Palm Springs and several destinations in Southern California and Arizona 259 Highways include nbsp SR 111 California State Route 111 which intersects the city nbsp I 10 Interstate 10 generally runs north of the city nbsp SR 74 The Pines to Palms Scenic Byway California State Route 74 runs from the coast over the San Jacinto Mountains to nearby Palm Desert nbsp SR 62 California State Route 62 a Blue Star Memorial Highway intersects I 10 northwest of the city and runs north to San Bernardino County and the Colorado River Cemeteries Edit In 1890 the Jane Augustine Patencio Cemetery was established on Tahquitz Way with the burial of Jane Augustine Patencio 68 It is maintained by the Agua Caliente Tribe The Welwood Murray Cemetery was started by hotel operator Welwood Murray in 1894 when his son died 24 46 260 It is maintained by the Palm Springs Cemetery District 261 which also maintains the Desert Memorial Park in Cathedral City Also in Cathedral City is the Forest Lawn Cemetery maintained by Forest Lawn Memorial Parks amp Mortuaries Notable people EditMain article List of people from Palm Springs California Over 400 Palm Springs and Coachella Valley residents have been recognized on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars In popular culture EditSee also List of films and TV series set in Palm Springs California and List of films shot in Palm Springs California The Palm Springs area has been a filming location topical setting and storyline subject for many films television shows and works of literature The April 20 1958 Gunsmoke radio episode The Partners features a prominent commercial lauding Palm Springs See also Edit nbsp California portalLeonore Annenberg and Walter Annenberg Rancho Mirage residents involved in Palm Springs activities Their Sunnylands estate hosted many dignitaries and celebrities History of the Jews in the U S Palm Springs for information about the Jewish community in Palm Springs National Register of Historic Places listings in Riverside County includes listings in Palm Springs and nearby cities Pumilia novaceki an extinct iguanid from the Palm Springs area United States cities by crime rate 40 000 60 000 for a comparative table on crime rates in Palm Springs Desert Regional Medical CenterReferences Edit a b Palm Springs Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey United States Department of the Interior Retrieved November 11 2014 California Cities by Incorporation Date California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions Archived from the original Word on November 3 2014 Retrieved August 25 2014 2019 U S Gazetteer Files United States Census Bureau Retrieved July 1 2020 a b c Palm Springs city QuickFacts United States Census Bureau Archived from the original on August 6 2012 Retrieved February 11 2015 Seiler Hansjakob Hioki Kojiro 1979 Cahuilla Dictionary Malki Museum Press p 183 Siva Sauvel Katherine Munro Pamela 1982 Chem ivillu Let s Speak Cahuilla Malki Museum Press Mathews Joe February 1 2018 Canadians love the California desert Why not let them have it eh The Sacramento Bee Retrieved September 8 2018 Parks amp Recreation City of Palm Springs Archived from the original on August 16 2014 Retrieved August 28 2014 a b Baker Christopher P 2008 Explorer s Guide Palm Springs amp Desert Resorts A Great Destination The Countryman Press p 30 ISBN 978 1581570489 a b c Vechten Ken Van 2010 Insider s Guide to Palm Springs Rowman amp Littlefield p 17 ISBN 978 0762761579 Smolinski Dick and Craig A Doherty 1994 The Cahuilla Rourke Publications p 4 ISBN 978 0866255271 Palmer Roger C 2012 Palm Springs Arcadia Publishing p ix ISBN 978 0738589138 Gray Kanatiiosh Barbara A 2010 Cahuilla ABDO Publishing Company p 4 ISBN 978 1617849077 Niemann Greg 2006 Palm Springs Legends Creation of a Desert Oasis Sunbelt Publications Inc p 15 ISBN 978 0932653741 Bean Lowell L 1974 Mukat s People The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California University of California Press p 71 ISBN 978 0520026278 Baker Christopher P 2008 Explorer s Guide Palm Springs amp Desert Resorts A Great Destination The Countryman Press p 31 ISBN 978 1581570489 Whitley David S 1996 A Guide to Rock Art Sites Southern California and Southern Nevada Mountain Press Publishing pp 94 96 ISBN 978 0878423323 Baker Christopher P 2008 Explorer s Guide Palm Springs amp Desert Resorts A Great Destination The Countryman Press p 216 ISBN 978 1581570489 Niemann Greg 2006 Palm Springs Legends Creation of a Desert Oasis Sunbelt Publications Inc p 259 ISBN 978 0932653741 Eargle Dolan H 2008 Native California An Introductory Guide to the Original Peoples From Earliest to Modern Times Trees Company Press p 278 ISBN 978 0937401118 Wilkerson Lyn 2009 Slow Travels California Lulu Press Inc p 96 ISBN 978 0557088072 Wares Donna 2008 Great Escapes Southern California The Countryman Press p 99 ISBN 978 0881507799 2010 Census CPH T 6 Table 1 American Indian and Alaska Native Population by Tribe for the United States 2010 PDF Archived from the original PDF on December 9 2014 Retrieved October 14 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k Niemann Greg 2006 Palm Springs Legends creation of a desert oasis San Diego CA Sunbelt Publications p 286 ISBN 978 0932653741 OCLC 61211290 here for Table of Contents a b c d e Lech Steve 2004 Along the Old Roads A History of the Portion of Southern California that became Riverside County 1772 1893 Riverside CA Steve Lech p 902 OCLC 56035822 Gittens Roberta November 1992 A Palm filled Oasis Palm Springs and the Desert Communities of the Coachella Valley Art of California Vol 5 no 5 p 45 ISSN 1045 8913 OCLC 19009782 City of Palm Springs History Archived from the original on December 20 2010 Retrieved August 18 2010 Bright William 1998 Fifteen Hundred California Place Names University of California Press p 111 ISBN 978 0520212718 Retrieved April 5 2013 Gudde Erwin Gustav Bright William 1998 California Place Names The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names 4th ed Berkeley University of California Press p 277 ISBN 978 0520242173 LCCN 97043168 The fine large trees which mark the course of the run have furnished the name Whipple 1849 7 8 The place is shown as Big Palm Springs on the von Leicht Craven map of 1874 a b Wild Peter 2007 Tipping the Dream A Brief History of Palm Springs Johannesburg CA The Shady Myrick Research Project p 228 OCLC 152590848 a b c d Colacello Bob June 1999 Palm Springs Weekends PDF Vanity Fair Becker Jonathan photographs pp 192 211 Archived from the original PDF on December 11 2013 Palm Valley Land Co c 1888 Views in Palm Valley The earliest fruit region in the state now on sale by Biggs Fergusson amp Co San Francisco OCLC 82950785 Two early but fictional visitors were six year old Mary and her cousin Jack See Foster Ethel T 1913 A Visit to Palm Springs Little Tales of the Desert Villa Hernando G illustrations Los Angeles Kingsley Mason and Collins Co p 23 ISBN 978 1176787933 LCCN 13025440 OCLC 3726918 Just beyond the Indian village was Palm Springs settlement itself with lots of tents several houses a store and Dr Murray s Hotel They visited the funny little cottages with their roofs and sides all covered with big palm leaves instead of boards Then they went up to the hot springs Brown Renee July 24 2014 Palm Springs History Pioneers survived summer The Desert Sun Palm Springs Gannett Archived from the original on July 29 2021 James George Wharton Eytel Carl illustrator 1906 The Wonders of the Colorado Desert Southern California Boston Little Brown and Company p 547 ISBN 978 1103733613 LCCN 06043916 OCLC 2573290 Available as a pdf file through the HathiTrust Digital Library Wonders is illustrated with over 300 drawings by desert artist Carl Eytel Many of those drawings including the Title Page figure are used throughout Steve Lech s extensive history of early Riverside County See Along the Old Roads cited above Reviews of Wonders included Adams Cyrus C March 2 1907 Wonders of the Far West George Wharton James s New Book on the Colorado Desert PDF The New York Times Saturday Review of Books Retrieved August 30 2012 A Guide to the New Books The Literary Digest Vol XXXIV no 7 February 16 1907 pp 263 264 This elaborate treatise is a distinct contribution to the literature of the natural wonders of our country Gilmour John Hamilton February 3 1907 The Wonders of the Colorado Desert California San Francisco Call Vol 101 no 65 p Magazine 3 He has written admirably and knowingly and this is in line with his previous works Starr Kevin 1997 1 Good Times on the Coast Affluence and the Anti Depression The Dream Endures California Enters the 1940s New York Oxford University Press p 512 ISBN 978 0195100792 Desert Inn 1923 The Desert Inn Where Desert and Mountains Meet Palm Springs California Los Angeles Times Mirror Print amp Binding House p 24 OCLC 82839637 Historic Sites Desert Inn Palm Springs Life Archived from the original on August 21 2014 Retrieved October 20 2013 County of Riverside Historical Marker No 044 123 North Palm Canyon image of marker with 1908 date Bright Marjorie Belle 1981 Nellie s Boardinghouse a dual biography of Nellie Coffman and Palm Springs Palm Springs ETC Pub p 247 Janss Betty Frashers Inc 1933 Palm Springs California presented with the compliments of the Desert Inn Palm Springs Desert Inn p 34 OCLC 427216166 Brown Renee March 28 2015 Nellie Coffman s hospitality helped Palm Springs grow The Desert Sun Gannett Chase J Smeaton 1987 1920 Our Araby Palm Springs and the Garden of the Sun Pasadena CA Star News Publishing Co p 83 ISBN 978 0961872403 LCCN 24010428 OCLC 6169840 a b Bowhart W H Hector Julie McManus Sally Mall Coffman Kieley Elizabeth April 1984 The McCallum Centennial Palm Springs founding family Palm Springs Life Archived from the original on August 14 2011 Retrieved February 24 2012 and Ainsworth Katherine 1996 1973 Palm Springs Desert Museum The McCallum Saga The Story of the Founding of Palm Springs Palm Springs Palm Springs Public Library p 245 ISBN 978 0961872410 LCCN 96052785 OCLC 36066124 OCLC 799840 During World War II the hotel was taken over and operated as a United States Army General Hospital named in honor of Surgeon General George H Torney Wild Peter 2011 Heiress of Doom Lois Kellogg of Palm Springs Tucson AZ Estate of Peter Wild p 449 OCLC 748583736 a b Palmer Roger C 2011 Palm Springs Then amp Now Charleston SC Arcadia p 95 ISBN 978 0738589138 LCCN 2011932500 OCLC 785786600 Brown Renee May 21 2016 Movie stars began flocking to Palm Springs in the 1930s The Desert Sun Palm Springs Gannett Rippingale Sally Presley 1985 1984 The History of the Racquet Club of Palm Springs Yucaipa CA US Business Specialties p 146 LCCN 85226534 OCLC 13526611 Also see Turner Mary L and Turner Cal A photography 2006 The Beautiful People of Palm Springs Sedona AZ Gene Weed 154 pp ISBN 978 1411634886 OCLC 704086361 The Racquet Club would cater to the Hollywood elite for decades a b Carr Jim 1989 Palms Springs and the Coachella Valley Helena MT American Geographic Publishing p 112 ISBN 978 0938314684 LCCN 91166185 OCLC 25026437 Kleinschmidt Janet September 2005 Remembering The Chi Chi A hip little place to come for wealthy people Palm Springs Life and Johns Howard September 2007 In the Swing Dinner clubs and lounges echo the days and nights of Palm Springs famed Chi Chi club Palm Springs Life a b Meeks Eric G 2014 2012 The Best Guide Ever to Palm Springs Celebrity Homes Horatio Limburger Oglethorpe ISBN 978 1479328598 Fessier Bruce Mob looks to win big with casinos in valley The Desert Sun Gannett Brown Renee April 9 2016 Gambling in desert was economic driver in 1930s The Desert Sun Palm Springs Gannett 21 Nov 1930 40 The Los Angeles Times at Newspapers com Newspapers com Howser Huell Bogert Frank McManus Sally Pitts Larry September 27 2010 Palm Springs Plaza Update Palm Springs Week 35 California s Gold Chapman University Huell Howser Archive Archived from the original on May 18 2013 Retrieved May 18 2013 Murphy Gavin October 28 1988 World Market Plan Dies Desert Sun Palm Springs CA Clipped From The Desert Sun The Desert Sun January 9 1958 p 22 via newspapers com Murphy Gary March 6 1992 Merchants bemoan loss in Palm Springs of I Magnin Store Desert Sun Palm Springs CA Saks will open here tomorrow Desert Sun Palm Springs CA October 15 1959 Staff writer s October 16 1967 New Era Launched as I Magnin Opens The Desert Sun Vol 41 no 62 Retrieved December 27 2019 Staff writer s March 6 1969 Ground Broken Today for New Major Store The Desert Sun Vol 42 no 183 Retrieved December 27 2019 a b Desert Memories Historic Images of the Coachella Valley Palm Springs The Desert Sun 2002 p 128 ISBN 978 1932129014 OCLC 50674171 Palm Springs Army Air Field historical Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey United States Department of the Interior Palm Springs Visitors Set Fashion Pace Desert Resort Hotels And Clubs Are Crowded To Capacity The Pittsburgh Press March 26 1941 p 28 Retrieved September 30 2012 Johnson Erskine December 18 1949 Palm Springs An Odd Place The Pittsburgh Press Retrieved September 30 2012 Torney General Hospital Historic California Posts The California State Military Museum a b Robinson Nancy 1992 Palm Springs History Handbook Palm Springs Palm Springs Public Library p 41 OCLC 31595834 Wills Eric May June 2008 Palm Springs Eternal Preservation Vol 60 Issue 3 pp 38 45 Goldberger Paul May June 2008 The Modernist Manifesto Preservation Vol 60 no 3 pp 30 35 a b Culver Lawrence 2010 Chapter 5 The Oasis of Leisure Palm Springs before 1941 and Chapter 6 Making of Desert Modern Palm Springs after World War II The Frontier of Leisure Southern California and the Shaping of Modern America New York Oxford University Press p 317 ISBN 978 0195382631 LCCN 2009053932 OCLC 620294456 464581464 Kray Ryan M February 2004 The Path to Paradise Expropriation Exodus and Exclusion in the Making of Palm Springs Pacific Historical Review 73 1 85 126 doi 10 1525 phr 2004 73 1 85 ISSN 0030 8684 JSTOR 10 1525 phr 2004 73 1 85 OCLC 4635437946 361566392 subscription required Kray Ryan M 2009 Second class Citizenship at a First class Resort Race and Public Policy in Palm Springs Irvine University of California PhD thesis p 407 ISBN 978 1109197983 OCLC 518520550 Palm Springs Green and Grows the Desert PDF Fortune February 1961 pp 122 127 Archived from the original PDF on June 29 2017 Before President Eisenhower went to Palm Springs in 1954 it was only a regional resort Overnight it became a winter resort with national drawing power A book of Doisneau s photographs was published in 2010 Doisneau Robert Dubois Jean Paul Forward 2010 Palm Springs 1960 Paris Flammarion p 9 ISBN 978 2080301291 LCCN 2010442384 OCLC 491896174 Section 14 The Agua Caliente Tribe s Struggle for Sovereignty in Palm Springs California NMAI Magazine Retrieved December 2 2022 Goolsby Denise Palm Springs Section 14 exhibit set for Smithsonian The Desert Sun Retrieved December 2 2022 Amighpey Shadi September 30 2021 City Council approves relocating Bogert statue Section 14 apology exploring reparations The Palm Springs Post Retrieved December 2 2022 Murphy Denise Goolsby and Rosalie It was beautiful for the white people 1960s still cast a shadow of distrust over Palm Springs The Desert Sun Retrieved December 2 2022 Monument Relocation Resolution NOT FINALDraft pdf PDF Dropbox Retrieved December 2 2022 Ingrassia Jake September 30 2021 Palm Springs to apologize for Section 14 destruction moves forward with process to remove Frank Bogert statue KESQ Retrieved December 2 2022 Talkington Mark October 11 2022 Legal case around removal of Frank Bogert statue from in front of City Hall stopped in its tracks after judge s ruling The Palm Springs Post The Palm Springs Post Retrieved December 2 2022 Black Mexican families seek restitution for Palm Springs evictions ABC7 Los Angeles November 30 2022 Retrieved December 2 2022 See Amory Cleveland March 12 1961 Palm Springs Is Really An Incredible Place Pittsburgh Post Gazette Retrieved October 2 2012 It is Hollywood without the wood Beverly Hills without the hills and Los Angeles without the well freeways Palm Springs Now Top Desert Resort The Sun Vancouver Canada January 5 1968 Retrieved October 2 2012 One finds 21 golf courses sprinkled across the golden sands of the desert More than 3 650 swimming pools dot the landscape Palm Springs Outdoors Paradise St Petersburg Independent St Petersburg FL January 11 1972 p 4 D Retrieved October 2 2012 Moonlight steak horseback rides breakfast rides and group rides are a way of life in the desert resort Fix Jack V June 9 1977 Palm Springs Place Where Rich Retire The Pittsburgh Press UPI p B 1 Retrieved October 2 2012 This desert town with 5 000 private swimming pools 38 golf courses and homes selling for only 250 000 down is probably the most wealthy retirement community in the world Yet it is an area of 37 mobile home parks and senior citizens 32 per cent of whom reported an income of less than 4 000 a year Eichenbaum Marlene June 9 1979 Palm Springs It s a plush resort for rich and poor alike The Gazette Montreal Canada p T 2 Retrieved October 2 2012 it has long been a haven for the rich and famous it also offers a wide choice of moderately priced accommodations von Sorge Helmut April 30 1984 Palm Springs das Goldene Kaff Der Spiegel in German Retrieved October 3 2012 Braid Don January 9 1985 Palm Springs Where the rich meet to greet The Gazette Montreal Canada p B 3 Retrieved October 2 2012 The whole place is flamboyant bold obscenely rich It s so utterly un Canadian that Canadian tourists can t resist it even when they can t afford it Miller Judith December 16 1990 Palm Springs ain t what she used to be Deseret News Salt Lake City UT NY Times News Service p 2P Retrieved October 3 2012 The metropolitan area which includes nine cities has 187 000 year round residents and plays host to 2 million visitors each year It has 7 645 swimming pools more than 100 tennis courts and 101 golf courses Recession Comes to Posh Palm Springs Lewiston Evening Journal AP March 6 1975 p 7 Retrieved September 30 2012 Yates Ronald Koziol Ronald May 9 1978 Elite Palm Springs Becomes A Gangsters Playground The Evening Independent Chicago Tribune Retrieved September 30 2012 Palm Springs has become Our Town for such Chicago luminaries as Anthony Big Tuna Accardo Joey The Dove Aiuppa James The Turk Torello and Frank The Horse Buccieri Also Vincent Dominic Caci bought a home in Palm Springs See Sahagun Louis March 16 1986 Palm Springs takes pains to gloss up its faded star image The Pittsburgh Press The Los Angeles Times pp G1 G4 Retrieved October 3 2012 Now big spenders tourists and developers are sidestepping this 50 year old resort community gravitating instead toward the towns that have blossomed east of here in the Coachella Valley over the last 10 years Palm Springs Calif A 100 Million Resort Hotel New York Times February 19 1989 Retrieved October 3 2012 But while the city of Palm Springs has won national recognition as a resort area the lower Coachella Valley cities have benefited most from the new hotels For international coverage see Werb Helmut April 27 2006 Palm Springs Die Wuste lebt Living Desert in German stern de Retrieved October 3 2012 QMI Agency August 21 2009 Palm Springs la princesse du desert Desert Princess in French Quebec Canada canoe ca Retrieved October 3 2012 Moore Booth November 5 2020 Moore From L A Palm Springs and Joshua Tree Are Booming as Pandemic Escapes Women s Wear Daily Retrieved April 22 2022 Is party over for Palm Springs Lodi News Sentinel Associated Press April 9 1993 Retrieved October 1 2012 For 40 years this desert city endured an Easter week invasion of student revelers Gianoulis Tina 2000 Spring Break St James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture Gale Palm Springs Lowers Lid On Disorderly Students Jails Crammed in Crackdown Spring Vacations Marked By Violence The Blade Toledo OH AP April 3 1969 p 6 Retrieved September 30 2012 Palm Springs quiet as youths leave The Milwaukee Journal AP March 31 1986 Retrieved September 30 2012 permanent dead link Hubler Shawn February 8 1991 Palm Springs Votes to Tone Down Easter Break Los Angeles Times Hubler Shawn March 31 1991 Palm Springs Sees a Kinder and Gentler Spring Break Crackdown City officials call the week the most orderly and successful in years But merchants catering to the young say it was a financial disaster Los Angeles Times Brooks Ken December 16 2010 A Palm Springs Break Payson Roundup Payson AZ Archived from the original on August 18 2014 Retrieved September 29 2012 There are spas golf courses famed hotels and resorts tennis swimming sunning shopping museums restaurants and an extensive list of amenities and attractions Keates Nancy October 10 2019 Younger People Make Palm Springs a Cool Place to Retire Again The Wall Street Journal Dow Jones amp Company Retrieved October 29 2019 The Road Ahead for the Desert Fashion Plaza www kmir6 com Archived from the original on January 27 2013 Retrieved August 17 2012 a b Christy Holstege Is the First Bisexual Mayor Elected in Nation www out com November 5 2020 a b Reyes Jesus December 11 2020 Christy Holstege sworn in as Palm Springs first ever female mayor Lisa Middleton sworn in as Palm Springs mayor First transgender mayor in CA history News Channel 3 December 9 2021 Retrieved April 22 2022 Modernism Week May modernismweek com Retrieved April 22 2022 a b c Monthly Normals for Palm Springs CA Temperature and Precipitation NOAA Retrieved July 24 2011 NowData NOAA Online Weather Data National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved April 17 2012 High temp update palm springs National Weather Service San Diego Retrieved June 17 2021 Palm Trees In California All About Palm Trees Retrieved May 29 2019 NOAA s 1991 2020 Climate Normals 1991 2020 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2021 Retrieved May 5 2021 NOWData NOAA Online Weather Data National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved August 10 2022 Hogan C Michael Stromberg Nicklas ed 2009 California Fan Palm Washingtonia filifera GlobalTwitcher com Archived September 30 2009 at the Wayback Machine History Map Flag amp Population Reyes Jesus Bouchot Marian October 18 2021 Fish amp Wildlife staff capture mountain lion inside Palm Springs condo complex KESQ Retrieved October 19 2021 Baker Christopher P 2008 Explorer s Guide Palm Springs amp Desert Resorts A Great Destination The Countryman Press pp 22 28 ISBN 978 1581570489 Rattlesnake facts Archived from the original on July 21 2013 Retrieved October 14 2017 Baker Christopher P 2008 Explorer s Guide Palm Springs amp Desert Resorts A Great Destination The Countryman Press p 26 ISBN 978 1581570489 Baker Christopher P 2008 Explorer s Guide Palm Springs amp Desert Resorts A Great Destination The Countryman Press pp 29 30 ISBN 978 1581570489 What makes the bear sighting in Indio so rare Jameson Everlett Williams and Hans J Peeters 1988 California Mammals University of California Press p 21 ISBN 978 0520053915 a b Office of Neighborhoods City of Palm Springs palmspringsca gov Palm Springs Historic Neighborhoods by The Desert Sun feature writer Judith Salkin The Movie Colony Neighborhood Organization History amp Description themoviecolony org James Franklin Explore The Movie Colony East Neighborhood palmspringsca gov El Rancho Vista Estates History Archived from the original on May 4 2012 Warm Sands Neighborhood Organization Profile Archived from the original on May 16 2012 Retrieved March 1 2012 The Mesa Neighborhood Organization History November 20 2008 Archived from the original on November 20 2008 Palm Springs Preservation Foundation Then and Now Treno About Archived from the original on November 21 2008 Retrieved March 1 2012 Sunmor Neighborhood Organization and Sunmor Estates Neighborhood History Archived March 13 2012 at the Wayback Machine Gordon Coutts the Dar Marrac is now operated as the Mediterranean style Korakia Pensione The Willows About Clark Gable and Carole Lombard enjoyed their honeymoon at the Willows Palmeri Christopher September 3 2000 Palm Springs An Oasis of Nostalgia in the Desert Bloomberg Businessweek Vaught Steve Conrad Tracy 2015 Einstein dreamt here The Willows Historic Palm Springs Inn ISBN 978 0692385791 OCLC 932520195 Powers Jim June 2 2021 Calling Casa Cody At the newly restored hotel a classic Palm Springs vibe welcomes guests to retreat to another time Palm Springs Life Brown Renee August 23 2018 Pioneer Harriet Dowie Cody never gave up Her Palm Springs hotel Casa Cody is still operating today Desert Sun USA Today Network Robinson Rita 1996 Umbrella Guide to Grand Old Hotels of Southern and Central California Kenmore WA Epicenter Press p 159 ISBN 978 0945397472 LCCN 97116800 Historic Tennis Club Neighborhood Organization History Archived from the original on October 20 2013 Las Palmas Neighborhood Organization Archived from the original on July 1 2016 Retrieved June 1 2016 Old Las Palmas Neighborhood Organization Old Las Palmas History December 4 2008 Archived from the original on December 4 2008 Hart Lisa Marie September 2015 The Real Steel Palm Springs Life Deepwell Estates Neighborhood Organization www ourdeepwell com Retrieved February 1 2016 Deepwell Estates Neighborhood Organization DENO Palm Springs Villager www ourdeepwell com Retrieved February 1 2016 Census of Population and Housing Census gov Retrieved June 4 2015 2010 Census Interactive Population Search CA Palm Springs city U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on July 15 2014 Retrieved July 12 2014 U S Census website United States Census Bureau Retrieved January 31 2008 a b Gates Gary Ost Jason 2004 The Gay and Lesbian Atlas Washington DC The Urban Institute ISBN 978 0877667216 data summarized at Urban Institute Factsheet Wallace David 2008 A City Comes Out How Celebrities Made Palm Springs a Gay and Lesbian Paradise Fort Lee NJ Barricade Books p 192 ISBN 978 1569803493 LCCN 2008022210 OCLC 209646547 Archived from the original on June 17 2013 Down Low Is Not Just a Black Issue Palm Springs Mayor Says TheBody thebody com The Absolute Best Gay Clothing Optional Resorts in Palm Springs USA Queer in the World July 26 2018 Retrieved November 7 2018 Palm Springs Bureau of Tourism 2005 Palm Springs official gay amp lesbian visitors guide Palm Springs Pride National Network p 62 OCLC 64229593 Gay pocket guide Palm Springs Cathedral City amp the entire Coachella Valley Hollywood CA GHighway OCLC 74711792 The Bottom Line 1978 OCLC 45909832 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Missing or empty title help Carroll Rory January 2018 In gay friendly Palm Springs America s first all LGBT government is no surprise The Guardian a b Palm Springs Aerial Tramway news release January 5 2005 PDF Archived from the original PDF on September 3 2012 Fentress Bradburn Convention Center remodeling Archived from the original on March 25 2012 Sone Tamara August 16 2011 They all thought I was nuts The Desert Sun subscription required Annual Comprehensive Financial Report ACFRO for Year Ended 6 30 2022 palmspringsca gov Designed by the Los Angeles design firm Commune Nakano Craig August 11 2012 L A firm Commune leaves fingerprints across Japan for a cause Los Angeles Times Company Overview of Bird Medical Technologies Bloomberg Businessweek KGAY 106 5 Radio Palm Springs Pride of the Valley January 18 2020 Modernism Week 2020 July 8 2019 PS Black History Committee Calendar Agua Caliente Cultural Museum accmuseum org Jeffrey Sanker Presents White Party Palm Springs jeffreysanker com Palm Springs Cultural Center psculturalcenter org Retrieved August 24 2019 Green Michael Carroll April 5 2018 Arthur Lyons Film Noir Festival Palm Springs arthurlyonsfilmnoir ning com Join us for Restaurant Week May 31 June 9 2019 in Greater Palm Springs visitgreaterpalmsprings com The Gay Men s Chorus of Palm Springs About Archived from the original on December 4 2012 Retrieved September 30 2012 City of Palm Springs PSHS Homecoming Archived August 15 2014 at the Wayback Machine and KESQ com PSHS Homecoming Parade City of Palm Springs Veterans Day Parade Archived from the original on August 16 2014 Retrieved March 2 2012 VA Department Regional Sites Archived from the original on August 18 2012 Retrieved August 2 2012 City of Palm Springs Event Calendar Veterans Day Archived from the original on August 16 2014 Retrieved May 20 2012 Palm Springs Festival of Lights and 2011 Palm Springs Festival of Lights Parade December 3 2011 mydesert com Desert Sun Archived August 13 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies to Close its Doors for Good www palmspringslife com June 5 2013 Retrieved February 1 2016 Villagefest on Palm Canyon Drive every Thursday in Palm Springs The official downtown website of Palm Springs Villagefest palmspringsvillagefest com Desert Film Society palm springs ca City of Palm Springs Boards and Commissions Archived from the original on August 23 2012 Retrieved August 17 2012 City of Palm Springs Art in Public Places History Archived from the original on August 14 2014 Retrieved August 17 2012 ArtPalmSprings com is available at DomainMarket com ArtPalmSprings com is available at DomainMarket com Palm Springs Chapter Paint Out California Art Club California Art Club Desert Art Center History Archived from the original on May 13 2012 Retrieved August 17 2012 You are being redirected ranchomirageca gov Sci Fi Futuristic Bungalow by Karim Rashid Best Home News June 29 2010 Retrieved July 29 2012 bungalow is created specifically for the Sci Fi channel and Morongo Casino Agua Caliente Cultural Museum accmuseum org The visitor s center for Palm Canyon was named Hermit s Haven and Hermit s Bench after early hippie William Pester who had a cabin overlooking the canyon See Lech Steve 2012 For Tourism and a Good Night s Sleep Riverside CA Steve Lech p 230 ISBN 978 0983750017 citing Hermit Haven is Next to Nature December 2 1917 Los Angeles Times U S Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System Palm Canyon and Wild Peter 2008 William Pester The Hermit of Palm Springs Johannesburg CA The Shady Myrick Research Project p 161 OCLC 234084689 Home Indian Canyons and Palm Canyon indian canyons com Home Tahquitz Canyon tahquitzcanyon com Brown Renee June 11 2015 Desert Plays performed in Tahquitz Canyon in 19202 The Desert Sun Palm Springs Gannett Lost Horizon at the American Film Institute Catalog Agua Caliente Spa Resort Casino Archived from the original on August 31 2012 Retrieved August 22 2012 Jimenez Crystal June 1 2022 Fans celebrate Marilyn Monroe s birthday at statue KESQ Retrieved October 18 2022 PSHS About Archived from the original on March 23 2012 Retrieved March 1 2012 History Schenden Laurie K n d Ruddy s General Store Museum Los Angeles Times Retrieved March 17 2012 and Palm Springs heritage Palm Springs Art Museum Annenberg Theater Archived from the original on September 15 2012 Retrieved August 22 2012 Children s Discovery Museum of the Desert About Archived from the original on April 20 2012 Retrieved April 20 2012 Palm Springs Stadium Palm Springs Collegiate League Angels spring training history January 25 2018 Chicago White Sox Spring Training AHL expanding to Palm Springs in 2021 22 American Hockey League September 30 2019 Seattle Kraken delays AHL franchise by 1 year ESPN September 16 2020 Seattle NHL franchise to have AHL affiliate in Palm Springs USA Today Retrieved June 28 2019 New Coachella Valley hockey team will be called Firebirds with red orange and black colors Palm Springs Desert Sun November 5 2021 Indian Wells Reigns as WTA Top Premier Event Tennis Now December 11 2018 Retrieved April 7 2019 About the Easter Bowl Easter Bowl 2019 Retrieved April 7 2019 Dean Terry Dickinson Judy O Donnell Golf Club Jewel of the Desert for 65 Years p 52 OCLC 810251995 Thunderbird Country Club Mission and History permanent dead link The Thunderbird Country Club had started off as a dude ranch in 1956 Howser Huell Bogert Frank Dawson Velma Windeler Robert September 29 2002 Thunderbird Country Club Palm Springs 32 California s Gold Chapman University Huell Howser Archive Windeler Robert 2002 Thunderbird Country Club from desert to oasis New York Bluefin Press p 184 OCLC 60860787 Best Hugh 1988 Thunderbird Country Club pp 128 OCLC 41519919 ASIN B002I5PBH2 CANTOUR 2012 Season Desert Hot Springs Archived August 28 2014 at the Wayback Machine For more information on golf courses in the region see Wexler Daniel 2011 The Black Book Palm Springs Area Golf Guide CreateSpace p 132 ISBN 978 1467975643 covers Riverside San Bernardino and Imperial Counties Ryder Jay 1989 The Greater Palm Springs Golf Guide a Comprehensive Reference Guide to Playing the Desert s Finest Gold Courses Palm Desert CA Ryder Publications p 156 LCCN 90115597 Time Out ayso80 org AYSO Section 1H PS Parks amp Recreation Archived from the original on January 28 2012 Retrieved March 2 2012 City of Palm Springs James O Jessie Desert Highland Unity Center Archived from the original on May 4 2012 Retrieved May 20 2012 PS Parks amp Recreation Dog Park Archived from the original on March 6 2012 Retrieved March 2 2012 Vacation Palm Springs Desert Ice Palace Library of Congress Web Archives webarchive loc gov Archived from the original on December 24 2012 Boomers Palm Springs Directions Archived from the original on February 16 2012 Retrieved March 2 2012 City of Palm Springs Skate Park and Swim Center Archived from the original on January 25 2012 Retrieved February 23 2012 Hicks John David 1973 History of the Desert Riders pp 24 OCLC 19766413 Patten Carolyn March 1995 The Desert Riders Palm Springs Life Archived from the original on July 2 2012 Retrieved August 14 2012 Hubbard Doni 1991 Favorite Trails of Desert Riders Redwood City CA Hoofprints p 239 OCLC 26698066 Bogert Frank M 2003 1987 Palm Springs First Hundred Years Palm Springs Palm Springs Library p 288 ISBN 978 0961872427 OCLC 17171891 Incorporation Wins The Desert Sun Vol XI no 36 April 12 1938 Charter of the City of Palm Springs Approved by the people June 7 1994 effective July 12 1994 OCLC 30622447 Weiss Henry c 1999 At Sunrise the History of the Palm Springs Public Library Palm Springs Palm Springs Public Library p 121 LCCN 2002510928 Pages Local Profiles scag ca gov Reyes Jesus December 9 2021 Lisa Middleton sworn in as Palm Springs mayor First transgender mayor in CA history KESQ Retrieved May 26 2022 Frank Bogert Played a Starring Role in Palm Springs Emergence Palmspringslife com September 22 2021 Retrieved May 26 2022 Reyes Jesus February 2 2022 Palm Springs moves forward with removing Bogert Statue from city hall KESQ Retrieved May 26 2022 Sonny Bono Wins Mayoral Race In Palm Springs The Washington Post Retrieved May 26 2022 County of Riverside 2011 Supervisoral Districts PDF Archived from the original PDF on November 16 2012 Retrieved March 3 2012 California Districts UC Regents Retrieved January 5 2023 California s 41st Congressional District Representatives amp District Map Civic Impulse LLC Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians www aguacaliente org Retrieved June 1 2021 Murphy Rosalie Half of Palm Springs sits on rented land What happens if the leases end The Desert Sun Retrieved June 1 2021 PSUSD Home Page Archived from the original on February 13 2012 Retrieved February 23 2012 PSUSD Palm Springs High School Archived August 20 2012 at the Wayback Machine and PSHS Homepage Archived July 22 2012 at the Wayback Machine Palm Springs Unified School District Cahuilla Elementary School Archived August 6 2012 at the Wayback Machine Cielo Vista Charter School Archived August 6 2012 at the Wayback Machine Katherine Finchy Elementary School Archived August 26 2012 at the Wayback Machine Vista del Monte Elementary School Archived August 20 2012 at the Wayback Machine a b US DOE 2011 National Blue Ribbon Schools PDF The school is named after an early teacher in Palm Springs Galon Buddy et al 1980 The Little School House the Life of Miss Katherine Finchy Palm Springs CA Lyceum of the Desert pp 80 OCLC 7374555 PSUSD Alternative Education Archived from the original on August 20 2012 Retrieved August 2 2012 Xavier Prep home page Archived from the original on July 22 2012 Retrieved August 3 2012 Brandman University Coachella Valley Programs Archived from the original on March 4 2012 Retrieved September 12 2012 DeBenedictis Don J July 12 2012 New law school to focus on advocacy Los Angeles Daily Journal p 5 Kaplan College Palm Springs University of Phoenix Palm Desert Mayfield College Palm Springs Palm Desert Cathedral City Desert Hot Springs Indio California Colleges mayfieldcollege edu Council on Occupational Education Accredited Membership Archived July 17 2012 at the Wayback Machine Palm Springs local news The Palm Springs Post The Palm Springs Post Retrieved October 18 2022 OCLC 54477925 DDG Archived February 19 2012 at the Wayback Machine Palm Springs Life Newsstand Publications Palm Springs Life LCCN 52 17796 OCLC 11990550 OCLC 44505524 The Public Record About Us Archived from the original on October 21 2012 Brown Renee August 14 2014 Welwood Murray library has storied past future The Desert Sun Gannett Welwood Murray Memorial Library City of Palm Springs CA Goolsby Denise August 24 2014 Southern Pacific Railroad made path through the wild The Desert Sun Palm Springs Gannett Amtrak California Trains and Thruways map and Thruway motorcoach service is available only in connection with an Amtrak rail trip American Rails Argonaut and American Rails Imperial Greyhound com Locations California Flixbus Palm Springs Flixbus Retrieved July 13 2019 Palm Springs Life Palm Spring Historical Sites Building and Land Markers Archived April 7 2012 at the Wayback Machine accessed October 10 2011 Palm Springs Cemetery District pscemetery com Further reading EditPalm Springs in general history culture and city Berk Heather Lynn 1994 Times of Change The Growth of Palm Springs from Village to Suburbia 1945 1955 Claremont McKenna College Senior Thesis X190 p 114 OCLC 33434649 Block Charles 1989 Canyon Palms a Desert Tribute C Block p 64 LCCN 89090703 OCLC 22984922 Bogert Frank M 2006 View From the Saddle Characters Who Crossed My Trail Palm Springs ETC Publications p 232 ISBN 978 0882801582 OCLC 62110026 Churchwell Mary Jo 2001 Palm Springs the Landscape the History the Lore Palm Springs Ironwood p 234 ISBN 978 0971301603 LCCN 2001118347 OCLC 48484360 Dutcher L C Lee Carlton Bader John S 1963 Geology and Hydrology of Agua Caliente Springs Palm Springs Washington DC GPO p 43 LCCN gs63000220 OCLC 9026608 Gunther Jane Davies 1984 Riverside County California Place Names Their Origins and Their Stories Riverside CA p 634 LCCN 84072920 OCLC 12103181 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Haber Mel 2010 1996 Bedtime Stories of the Ingleside Inn BearManor Media p 248 ISBN 978 1593935337 LCCN 96143705 OCLC 34068259 Historic Resources Inventory amp Context Statement Report City of Palm Springs December 2018 Haber Mel Terrill Marshall 2008 Palm Springs a la Carte The Colorful World of the Caviar Crowd at Their Favorite Desert Hideaway Fort Lee NJ Barricade Books p 256 ISBN 978 1569803530 LCCN 2008020745 OCLC 221149085 Jensen Thomas Arden 1954 Palm Springs California its evolution and functions Los Angeles University of California Los Angeles p 221 LCCN mic58006446 OCLC 14691400 17345784 Lawson Greg 1989 Palm Springs Oasis Translated by Fabienne S Chauderlot Margaret M Posner Roselinde Konrad El Cajon CA First Choice Publishers p 63 ISBN 978 0916251390 LCCN 89085067 OCLC 21541845 McKinney Marshall Glenn 1996 Vanishing footprints from the hot desert sand remembrances of a 90 year old Palm Springs pioneer horse and wagon days on the southern California desert a historical autobiography Sonoma CA McKinney p 245 LCCN 96094678 OCLC 36017354 Moruzzi Peter 2009 Palm Springs Holiday A Vintage Tour from Palm Springs to the Salton Sea Salt Lake City UT Gibbs Smith p 176 ISBN 978 1423604761 LCCN 2009000539 OCLC 298470746 This is the story of the Coachella Valley home of Palm Springs Rancho Mirage Palm Desert La Quinta Indio and other desert cities as experienced by the average tourist who vacationed here from the 1910s through the 1960s Moruzzi Peter 2006 Palm Springs Holiday A Vintage Postcard Tour from Palm Springs to the Salton Sea DVD Palm Springs Palm Springs Modern Committee OCLC 666527235 Navez Ren 2006 Palm Springs California s Desert Gem Englewood CO Westcliffe p 112 ISBN 978 1565795525 LCCN 2005024385 OCLC 61458191 Nelson John February May 1948 The History of Palm Springs Palm Springs Villager OCLC 14691205 Presley Sally 1993 Facts and legends the village of Palm Springs Palm Springs Almost Publishers and Mee p 25 LCCN 94203576 OCLC 31331501 Reynolds Christopher December 6 2009 A visit to 1959 Palm Springs The year was a seminal one for the desert resort town 50 years on it s still a swingin time Los Angeles Times Retrieved September 15 2012 Richards Elizabeth W 1981 Palm Springs the Early Years Palm Springs Palm Springs Savings and Loan p 37 OCLC 7395533 Originally published in 1961 as A Look into Palm Springs Past by Santa Fe Federal Savings amp Loan Assoc LCC F869 P18 R5 Ringwald George 1960 Legend Feuding and Tragedy A Story of Palm Springs Beginnings Palm Springs Life 1960 1961 Annual Pictorial pp 19 39 Saeks Diane Dorrans 2007 Palm Springs Living David Glomb photographs Rizzoli p 224 ISBN 978 0847827664 LCCN 2007921705 OCLC 159649838 Thompson Gail Borden Don R Peterson c 1987 Palm Springs Galaxy Springfield MN Mardo Copr LCCN 88120371 OCLC 18292008 Wild Peter 2007 The Grumbling Gods a Palm Springs Reader Salt Lake City UT University of Utah Press p 251 ISBN 978 0874808995 LCCN 2007015086 OCLC 122974473 covers the city s history Wild Peter 1999 Chapter 9 J Smeaton Chase Our Araby The Opal Desert Explorations of Fantasy and Reality in the American Southwest Austin TX University of Texas Press p 219 ISBN 978 0292791299 OCLC 40762502 649978425 print and on line The Palm Springs and Desert Resort Area Story Palm Springs Chamber of Commerce 1955 p 80 OCLC 8463129 Cahuilla Indian further reading Ainsworth Ed 1965 Golden Checkerboard Palm Desert CA Desert Southwest p 195 LCCN 66000811 OCLC 4391736 About the mid 20th century economic conditions of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians its title comes from the layout of alternating land parcels shared between the Southern Pacific Railroad and Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians Brumgardt John R 1981 People of the magic waters the Cahuilla Indians of Palm Springs Palm Springs ETC Publications p 122 ISBN 978 0882800608 LCCN 78016023 Fischer Mille Wolfe c 1995 Footprints Through the Palms p 36 OCLC 40422476 link, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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