Oakland Athletics

"A's" redirects here. For the Latin character, see A. For other uses, see AS and A (disambiguation).

The Oakland Athletics (often referred to as the Oakland A's) are an American professional baseball team based in Oakland, California. The Athletics compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division. The team plays its home games at the Oakland Coliseum. Throughout their history, the Athletics have won nine World Series championships.

Oakland Athletics
2023 Oakland Athletics season
Established in 1901 Based in Oakland since 1968
Team logo Cap insignia
Major league affiliations
American League (1901–present) West Division (1969–present)
Current uniform
Retired numbers	9 24 27 34 34 43 A's 42
Colors
Green, gold, white^[a]^[2]
Name
Oakland Athletics (1968–present) Kansas City Athletics (1955–1967) Philadelphia Athletics (1901–1954)
Other nicknames
The A's Swingin' A's (1970–1975) The White Elephants The Elephants The Green and Gold
Ballpark
Oakland Coliseum (1968–present) Cashman Field (1996)^[b] Municipal Stadium (1955–1967) Shibe Park (1909–1954) Columbia Park (1901–1908)
Major league titles
World Series titles (9)	1910 1911 1913 1929 1930 1972 1973 1974 1989
AL Pennants (15)	1902 1905 1910 1911 1913 1914 1929 1930 1931 1972 1973 1974 1988 1989 1990
West Division titles (17)	1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1981 1988 1989 1990 1992 2000 2002 2003 2006 2012 2013 2020
Wild card berths (4)	2001 2014 2018 2019
Front office
Principal owner(s)	John J. Fisher
President	Dave Kaval
President of baseball operations	Billy Beane
General manager	David Forst
Manager	Mark Kotsay

One of the American League's eight charter franchises, the team was founded in Philadelphia in 1901 as the Philadelphia Athletics. They won three World Series championships in 1910, 1911, and 1913, and back-to-back titles in 1929 and 1930. The team's owner and manager for its first 50 years was Connie Mack and Hall of Fame players included Chief Bender, Frank "Home Run" Baker, Jimmie Foxx, and Lefty Grove. The team left Philadelphia for Kansas City in 1955 and became the Kansas City Athletics before moving to Oakland in 1968. Nicknamed the "Swingin' A's", they won three consecutive World Series in 1972, 1973, and 1974, led by players including Vida Blue, Catfish Hunter, Reggie Jackson, Rollie Fingers, and owner Charlie O. Finley. After being sold by Finley to Walter A. Haas Jr., the team won three consecutive pennants and the 1989 World Series behind the "Bash Brothers", Jose Canseco and Mark McGwire, as well as Hall of Famers Dennis Eckersley, Rickey Henderson and manager Tony La Russa. In 2002, the Athletics set the record for most consecutive wins in a single season with twenty, an event that would go on to be the pioneering step in the application of sabermetrics in baseball. After the Golden State Warriors moved across the Bay to San Francisco in 2019, and the Raiders to Las Vegas in 2020, the Athletics were left as the only Oakland franchise among the five major American professional sports leagues with teams in the San Francisco Bay area.

From 1901 to 2021, the Athletics' overall win–loss record was 9,150–9,552 (.489).^[3]

History

Main articles: Philadelphia Athletics and History of the Oakland Athletics

The history of the Athletics Major League Baseball franchise spans from 1901 to the present day, having begun in Philadelphia before moving to Kansas City in 1955 and then to its current home in Oakland, California, in 1968. The A's made their Bay Area debut on Wednesday, April 17, 1968, with a 4–1 loss to the Baltimore Orioles at the Coliseum, in front of an opening-night crowd of 50,164.^[4]

Team name and "A" logo

The Athletics' name originated in the term "Athletic Club" for local gentlemen's clubs—dates to 1860 when an amateur team, the Athletic (Club) of Philadelphia, was formed. The team later turned professional through 1875, becoming a charter member of the National League in 1876, but were expelled from the N.L. after one season. A later version of the Athletics played in the American Association from 1882 to 1891.^{[citation needed]}

The familiar blackletter "A" is one of the oldest sports logos still in use. An image in Harper's Weekly with the rival Brooklyn Atlantics shows that the "A" appeared on the original Athletics' uniform as early as 1866.^[5]

Elephant mascot

After New York Giants manager John McGraw told reporters that Philadelphia manufacturer Benjamin Shibe, who owned the controlling interest in the new team, had a "white elephant on his hands", team manager Connie Mack defiantly adopted the white elephant as the team mascot, and presented McGraw with a stuffed toy elephant at the start of the 1905 World Series.^[6] McGraw and Mack had known each other for years, and McGraw accepted it graciously. By 1909, the A's were wearing an elephant logo on their sweaters, and in 1918 it turned up on the regular uniform jersey for the first time.

In 1963, when the A's were located in Kansas City, then-owner Charlie Finley changed the team mascot from an elephant to a mule, the state animal of Missouri. This is rumored to have been done by Finley in order to appeal to fans from the region who were predominantly Democrats at the time. (The traditional Republican Party symbol is an elephant, while the Democratic Party's symbol is a donkey.)^[7] Since 1988, the Athletics' 21st season in Oakland, an illustration of an elephant has adorned the left sleeve of the A's home and road uniforms. Beginning in the mid 1980s, the on-field costumed incarnation of the A's elephant mascot went by the name Harry Elephante, a play on the name of singer Harry Belafonte.^[8] In 1997, he took his current form, Stomper, debuting Opening Night on April 2.^[9][10]

Uniforms

Through the seasons, the Athletics' uniforms have usually paid homage to their amateur forebears to some extent. Until 1954, when the uniforms had "Athletics" spelled out in script across the front, the team's name never appeared on either home or road uniforms. Furthermore, neither "Philadelphia" nor the letter "P" ever appeared on the uniform or cap. The typical Philadelphia uniform had only a script "A" on the left front, and likewise the cap usually had the same "A" on it. In the early days of the American League, the standings listed the club as "Athletic" rather than "Philadelphia", in keeping with the old tradition. Eventually, the city name came to be used for the team, as with the other major league clubs.

After buying the team in 1960, owner Charles O. Finley introduced new road uniforms with "Kansas City" printed on them, with an interlocking "KC" on the cap. Upon moving to Oakland, the "A" cap emblem was restored, and in 1970 an "apostrophe-s" was added to the cap and uniform emblem to reflect that Finley was in the process of officially changing the team's name to the "A's".

 

The Athletics logo (1983–1992)

While in Kansas City, Finley changed the team's colors from their traditional red, white and blue to what he termed "Kelly Green, Wedding Gown White and Fort Knox Gold". It was here that he began experimenting with dramatic uniforms to match these bright colors, such as gold sleeveless tops with green undershirts and gold pants. The innovative uniforms only increased after the team's move to Oakland, which came at the time of the introduction of polyester pullover uniforms. During their dynasty years in the 1970s, the A's had dozens of uniform combinations with jerseys and pants in all three team colors, and in fact did not wear the traditional gray on the road, instead wearing green or gold, which helped to contribute to their nickname of "The Swingin' A's". After the team's sale to the Haas family, the team changed its primary color to a more subdued forest green and began a move back to more traditional uniforms.

Currently, the team wears home uniforms with "Athletics" spelled out in script writing and road uniforms with "Oakland" spelled out in script writing, with the cap logo consisting of the traditional "A" with "apostrophe-s". The home cap, which was also the team's road cap until 1992, is forest green with a gold bill and white lettering. This design was also the basis of their batting helmet, which is used both at home and on the road. The road cap, which initially debuted in 1993, is all-forest green. The first version had the white "A's" wordmark before it was changed to gold the following season. An all-forest green batting helmet was paired with this cap until 2008. In 2014, the "A's" wordmark returned to white but added gold trim.

From 1994 until 2013, the A's wore green alternate jerseys with the word "Athletics" in gold. It was used on both road and home games.

During the 2000s, the Athletics introduced black as one of their colors. They began wearing a black alternate jersey with "Athletics" written in green. After a brief discontinuance, the A's brought back the black jersey, this time with "Athletics" written in white with gold highlights. The cap paired with this jersey is all-black, initially with the green and white-trimmed "A's" wordmark, before switching to a white and gold-trimmed "A's" wordmark. Commercially popular but rarely chosen as the alternate by players, the black uniform was retired in 2011 in favor of a gold alternate jersey.

The gold alternate has "A's" in green trimmed in white on the left chest. With the exception of several road games during the 2011 season, the Athletics' gold uniforms were used as the designated home alternates. A green version of their gold alternates was introduced for the 2014 season, serving as a replacement to the previous green alternates. The new green alternates featured the piping, "A's" and lettering in white with gold trim.

In 2018, as part of the franchise's 50th anniversary since the move to Oakland, the A's wore a kelly green alternate uniform with "Oakland" in white with gold trim, and was paired with an all-kelly green cap.^[11] This set was later worn with an alternate kelly green helmet with gold visor. This uniform eventually supplanted the gold alternates by 2019, and in 2022, after the forest green alternate was retired, it became the team's only active alternate uniform.

The nickname "A's" has long been used interchangeably with "Athletics", dating to the team's early days when headline writers wanted a way to shorten the name. From 1972 through 1980, the team name was officially "Oakland A's", although, during that time, the Commissioner's Trophy, given out annually to the winner of baseball's World Series, still listed the team's name as the "Oakland Athletics" on the gold-plated pennant representing the Oakland franchise. According to Bill Libby's Book, Charlie O and the Angry A's, owner Charlie O. Finley banned the word "Athletics" from the club's name because he felt that name was too closely associated with former Philadelphia Athletics owner Connie Mack, and he wanted the name "Oakland A's" to become just as closely associated with him. The name also vaguely suggested the name of the old minor league Oakland Oaks, which were alternatively called the "Acorns". New owner Walter Haas restored the official name to "Athletics" in 1981, but retained the nickname "A's" for marketing. At first, the word "Athletics" was restored only to the club's logo, underneath the much larger stylized-"A" that had come to represent the team since the early days. By 1987, however, the word returned, in script lettering, to the front of the team's jerseys.

Prior to the mid-2010s, the A's had a long-standing tradition of wearing white cleats team-wide (in line with the standard MLB practice that required all uniformed team members to wear a base cleat color), which dates back to the Finley ownership. Since the mid-2010s, however, MLB has gradually relaxed its shoe color rules, and several A's players began wearing cleats in non-white colors, most notably Jed Lowrie's green cleats.

 

Current home uniform, worn by Sean Doolittle

 

Current road uniform, worn by Frankie Montas

 

Current alternate kelly green uniform, worn by Lou Trivino

 

Former alternate forest green uniform (2014–2021), worn by Matt Olson

 

Former alternate gold uniform, worn by Sean Doolittle

 

Former alternate forest green uniform (1994–2013), worn by Josh Outman

 

Former alternate black uniform, worn by Gregorio Petit

Ballpark

The Oakland Coliseum—originally known as the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, and later named as Network Associates, McAfee, Overstock.com/O.co and RingCentral Coliseum—was built as a multi-purpose facility. Louisiana Superdome officials pursued negotiations with Athletics officials during the 1978–79 baseball offseason about moving the Athletics to their facility in New Orleans. The Athletics were unable to break their lease at the Coliseum, and remained in Oakland.^[12]

After the Oakland Raiders football team moved to Los Angeles in 1982, many improvements were made to what was suddenly a baseball-only facility. The 1994 movie Angels in the Outfield was filmed in part at the Coliseum, filling in for rival Anaheim Stadium.

 

The Coliseum as seen in its original open grandstand configuration before being enclosed.

Then, in 1995, a deal was struck whereby the Raiders would move back to Oakland for the 1995 season. The agreement called for the expansion of the Coliseum to 63,026 seats. The bucolic view of the Oakland foothills that baseball spectators enjoyed was replaced with a jarring view of an outfield grandstand contemptuously referred to as "Mount Davis" after Raiders' owner Al Davis. Because construction was not finished by the start of the 1996 season, the Athletics were forced to play their first six-game homestand at 9,300-seat Cashman Field in Las Vegas, Nevada.^[13]

Although official capacity was stated to be 43,662 for baseball, seats were sometimes sold in Mount Davis as well, pushing "real" capacity to the area of 60,000. The ready availability of tickets on game day made season tickets a tough sell, while crowds as high as 30,000 often seemed sparse in such a venue. On December 21, 2005, the Athletics announced that seats in the Coliseum's third deck would not be sold for the 2006 season, but would instead be covered with a tarp, and that tickets would no longer be sold in Mount Davis under any circumstances. That effectively reduced capacity to 34,077, making the Coliseum the lowest-capacity stadium in Major League Baseball. Beginning in 2008, sections 316–318 (immediately behind home plate) were the only third-deck sections open for A's games, which brought the total capacity to 35,067 until 2017 when new team president Dave Kaval took the tarps off of the upper deck, increasing capacity to 47,170. The Athletics were the last remaining MLB team to share a stadium full-time with an NFL team, a situation that ended when the Raiders moved to Las Vegas in 2020.

The Athletics' spring training facility is Hohokam Stadium, in Mesa, Arizona. From 1982 to 2014, their spring training facility was Phoenix Municipal Stadium, in Phoenix, Arizona; they also spent time playing in Scottsdale, Arizona.^[14][15]

Improvements to the Coliseum

Team president Dave Kaval has tried to upgrade the Oakland Coliseum by creating club and premium seating areas and renovating Shibe Park Tavern and various fan areas.^{[citation needed]}

New areas

In 2017, the team created an outdoor plaza in the space between the Coliseum and Oracle Arena. The grassy area is open to all ticketed fans, and it features food trucks, seating and games like corn hole for every Athletics home game.^[16][17] The following year, the team introduced The Treehouse, a 10,000-square-foot (930 m²) area open to all fans with two full-service bars, standing-room and lounge seating, numerous televisions with pre-game and postgame entertainment. The A's Stomping Ground transformed part of the Eastside Club and the area near the right-field flag poles into a fun and interactive space for kids and families. The inside section features a stage and video wall for interactive events, a digital experience that lets youngsters race their favorite Athletics players, replica team dugouts, a simulated hitting and pitching machine, foosball, and a photo booth. The outside area includes play areas, a grassy seating area, drink rails for parents, and picnic tables, a miniature baseball field and spiderweb play area.^{[citation needed]}

Premium spaces

The team added three new premium spaces, including The Terrace, Lounge Seats, and the Coppola Theater Boxes, to the Coliseum for the 2019 season. The new premium seating options offer fans a high-end game-day experience with luxury amenities. The team also added two new group spaces - the Budweiser Hero Deck and Golden Road Landing - to the Coliseum.^{[citation needed]}

Other additions

In addition, the tarps on the upper deck were removed; a modern version of the beloved mechanical Harvey the Rabbit to deliver the first pitch ball was re-introduced, while the playing surface at the Coliseum was re-named "Rickey Henderson Field." The team hosted the first free game in MLB history for 46,028 fans on April 17, 2018, to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Athletics first game in Oakland.^[18] The team tried a new concept within season ticketing in the A's Access plan that involved "general admission access to every home game with a set number of reserved-seat upgrades allotted", which was meant to replace previous attempts at subscription-based services that they tried with Ballpark Pass and Treehouse Pass.^[19] On July 21, 2018, the Athletics set a Coliseum record for the largest attendance with a crowd of 56,310 when the team played host to the San Francisco Giants.^[19][20]

New ballpark

2000s proposals

Main article: Oakland Ballpark

Since the early-2000s, the A's have been in talks with Oakland and other Northern California cities about building a new baseball-only stadium. The team has said it wants to remain in Oakland. On November 28, 2018, the Athletics announced that the team had chosen to build its new 34,000-seat ballpark at the Howard Terminal site at the Port of Oakland. In 2018 the team announced its intent to purchase the Coliseum site and renovate it into a tech and housing hub, preserving Oakland Arena and reducing the Coliseum to a low-rise sports park as San Francisco did with Kezar Stadium.^[21]

Las Vegas

On May 11, 2021, the MLB permitted the A's to explore relocation possibilities should the team fail to get a replacement stadium for the aging Coliseum from the city of Oakland by 2024.^[22] Among the cities and regions in consideration by the team was the Las Vegas Valley area of Nevada, the home of the National Hockey League's Vegas Golden Knights and the National Football League's Las Vegas Raiders, with the latter team having left Oakland in 2020 due to being unable to get a football-only stadium in the city. The team previously played six home games at Las Vegas' Cashman Field during the 1996 MLB season when the renovations for the Coliseum were not yet complete.^[23] Several days later, the A's started exploring the possibility of relocating to the Las Vegas area and would later organize meetings with local government officials and tour potential sites there led by team owner John Fisher in the next week.^[24] After a presentation at a June MLB owners meeting in New York City, team president Dave Kaval said that the A's were considering the Resort Corridor, the Cashman Field site and the Valley cities of Henderson or Summerlin, Nevada as possible locations for a ballpark. Kaval also said that the team was still continuing to explore "parallel paths" in not just Las Vegas but the team's long time home Oakland.^[25] Kaval and Fisher would conduct more trips to the area to meet with officials again over the possibility of relocation starting with June 20 and June 21.^[26][27] By then, the A's shortlist for a potential ballpark in Southern Nevada ballooned to over 30 sites according to Kaval.^[28]

In September of 2021, Kaval said that the Athletics would finalize the list of possible ballpark sites in Las Vegas by November.^[29] In November, the A's launched a survey for fans of the team's Triple-A affiliate the Las Vegas Aviators to determine potential interest for an MLB team in Las Vegas and a new ballpark.^[30] The final results of the survey released a month later indicated that most Aviators fans and Las Vegas residents were interested in having an MLB team in the city.^[31] In the same month, the A's made an offer for an undisclosed plot of land in the Valley for a $1 billion ballpark to be built there.^[32] The Howard Hughes Corp, the owners of the Aviators, offered free land for the Athletics to build a new ballpark.^[33] Previously, Team representatives had met with the Hughes Corp in Summerlin weeks before.^[34]

In April of 2022, the A's narrowed down the list to two possibles sites in the Las Vegas Strip: The Tropicana Las Vegas hotel and resort and the Las Vegas Festival Grounds.^[35] Around the same time, the Tropicana resort's non-land assets were sold to the Bally's Corporation and approved by Nevada state regulators later that year.^[36] Earlier in December 2021, the A's had submitted a bid to acquire the Tropicana site and redevelop it into a ballpark prior to the Bally's acquisition.^[37] The MLB, in reaction to the A's interest in Southern Nevada, decided to remove a relocation fee for the team in the event that they move to the Las Vegas area.^[38] In August, A's officials organized two meetings with casino owner and financier Paul Ruffin for a hypothetical new Las Vegas area ballpark on the Festival Grounds.^[39]

In October 2022, Oakland missed a deadline to reach an agreement on a ballpark in the Howard Terminal with negotiations pushed back to another year.^[40] Kaval said that the delay in negotiations would "all but doom our efforts" in keeping the team in Oakland.^[41] On October 29, Commissioner of Baseball Rob Manfred said in a SiriusXM interview with host Chris "Mad Dog" Russo that he was "not positive" the A's could remain in Oakland and that the team has made progress in exploring Las Vegas as a viable relocation site.^[42]

In November 2022, a source familiar with the Athletics' negotiations with Las Vegas said that even if the team were to move to the city, the Triple-A Aviators would stay put and temporarily share Las Vegas Ballpark with their MLB affiliate while a new ballpark was under construction.^[43] On November 3, Bally's CEO Lee Fenton said that the Tropicana site was "very much in the cards" for the Athletics to build a ballpark should the team relocate from Oakland to Las Vegas and revealed that Bally's held talks with the team.^[44] On November 7, then-Nevada Governor Steve Sisolak and other officials said that the state would not use a hotel room tax to fund a Las Vegas area ballpark for the A's like they did with Allegiant Stadium for the Raiders though he did not rule out other ways of publicly financing the ballpark such as infrastructure improvements or tax increment financing.^[45]

In January of 2023, the Athletics continued talks with Bally's Corporation over the possibility of converting the Tropicana hotel and resort into a new ballpark while talks with Ruffin over the Festival Grounds had stalled.^[46] The news came out around this time when the Department of Transportation (DOT) refused to grant $182 million in federal funding for the Howard Terminal project and that the city of Oakland was considering obligation bonds as an alternative.^[47][48] On January 26, the newly-elected Joe Lombardo met with team officials to discuss the possibility of a public-private economic partnership program to finance a new ballpark in the Las Vegas area with Lombardo ruling out an increase in state taxes to pay for a ballpark. Lombardo's spokesperson Elizabeth Ray clarified that the Athletics or another MLB team looking to relocate to Nevada "may or may not be eligible for a variety of existing economic development programs in the state".^[49]

In February, it was revealed that Resorts World Las Vegas President Scott Sibella and other hotel owners from the Strip and downtown Las Vegas met with Athletics officials for a ballpark at the Festival Grounds site with Sibella noting "We reinforced our support that we believe the best site is on the Sahara/L[as] V[egas] Blvd. Having the A's in Las Vegas will be great for the Strip communities and the LV community" and that the team "will have our full support". Derek Stevens, the co-owner of the Circa, Golden Gate and The D properties downtown, confirmed that he attended the meeting and said "I talked to with ownership in John Fisher and their President Dave [Kaval] for a while yesterday. This will be very good for Las Vegas, very good for jobs, very good for hotel rooms. The key thing is getting the location nailed down and moving forward.” Stevens also made a case for luring the A's to southern Nevada over an expansion team claiming "If Vegas doesn’t land the A’s, it could impact whether Vegas gets a team anytime in the near future. Having the [MLB] Commissioner [Rob Manfred] waive the relocation fee is huge. When people say they want an expansion team that is a 'Vegas Team,' people forget the expansion fee will be between $1 billion to $2 billion. Who in Vegas has that kind of money for an expansion fee and THEN have to deal with all the other elements like stadium costs and operating cash?”^[50] On February 17, it was revealed that the Athletics were exploring the Rio hotel and casino as an option for a new ballpark and spoke with their owner Dreamscape properties.^[51] The team also hired 11 lobbyists to represent them in the Nevada Legislature to form a public-private partnership with the state.^[52]

After the Athletics' two-day games at Las Vegas Ballpark as part of Big League Weekend, Clark County Commission Chairman Jim Gibson elaborated on Lombardo's statement ruling out new taxes for an MLB-caliber ballpark but noted, "The governor has said no new taxes, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t public revenues available. We’ll look to the governor and legislature to see what kind of appetite they have for whatever’s required".^[53]

Prior proposals

Fremont

After the city of Oakland failed to make any progress toward a stadium, the A's began contemplating a move to the Warm Springs district of suburban Fremont. Fremont is about 25 miles (40 km) south of Oakland; many nearby residents are already a part of the current Athletics fanbase.^{[citation needed]}

On November 7, 2006, many media sources announced the Athletics would be leaving Oakland as early as 2010 for a new stadium in Fremont, confirmed the next day by the Fremont City Council. The plan was strongly supported by Fremont Mayor Bob Wasserman.^[54] The team would have played in what was planned to be called Cisco Field, a 32,000-seat, baseball-only facility.^[55] The proposed ballpark would have been part of a larger "ballpark village" which would have included retail and residential development. On February 24, 2009, however, Lew Wolff released an open letter regarding the end of his efforts to relocate the A's to Fremont, citing "real and threatened" delays to the project.^[56] The project faced opposition from some in the community who thought the relocation of the A's to Fremont would increase traffic problems in the city and decrease property values near the ballpark site.

San Jose

In 2009, the City of San Jose attempted to open negotiations with the team regarding a move to the city. Although parcels of land south of Diridon Station would be acquired by the city as a stadium site, the San Francisco Giants' claim on Santa Clara County as part of their home territory would have to be settled before any agreement could be made.^[57]

By 2010, San Jose was "aggressively wooing" A's owner Lew Wolff, the city as the team's "best option", but Major League Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig said he would wait on a report on whether the team could move to the area, because of the Giants conflict.^[58] In September 2010, 75 Silicon Valley CEOs drafted and signed a letter to Bud Selig urging a timely approval of the move to San Jose.^[59] In May 2011, San Jose Mayor Chuck Reed sent a letter to Bud Selig asking the commissioner for a timetable of when he might decide whether the A's can pursue this new ballpark, but Selig did not respond.^[60]

Selig addressed the San Jose issue via an online town hall forum held in July 2011, saying, "Well, the latest is, I have a small committee who has really assessed that whole situation, Oakland, San Francisco, and it is complex. You talk about complex situations; they have done a terrific job. I know there are some people who think it's taken too long and I understand that. I'm willing to accept that. But you make decisions like this; I've always said, you'd better be careful. Better to get it done right than to get it done fast. But we'll make a decision that's based on logic and reason at the proper time."^[61]

On June 18, 2013, the City of San Jose filed suit against Selig, seeking the court's ruling that Major League Baseball may not prevent the Oakland A's from moving to San Jose.^[62] Wolff criticized the lawsuit, stating he did not believe business disputes should be settled through legal action.^[63]

Most of the city's claims were dismissed in October 2013, but a U.S. District Judge ruled that San Jose could move forward with its count that MLB illegally interfered with an option agreement between the city and the A's for land. On January 15, 2015, a three-judge panel of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled unanimously that the claims were barred by baseball's antitrust exemption, established by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1922 and upheld in 1953 and 1972. San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo commented that the city would seek a ruling from the U.S. Supreme Court.^[64] On October 5, 2015, the United States Supreme Court rejected San Jose's bid on the Athletics.^[65]

Peralta

A 2017 plan would have placed a new 35,000 seat A's stadium near Laney College and the Eastlake neighborhood on the current site of the Peralta Community College District's administration buildings. The plan was announced by team president Dave Kaval in September 2017.^[66] However, just three months later, college officials abruptly ended the negotiations.^[67]

Rivals

San Francisco Giants

See also: Bay Bridge Series

The Bay Bridge Series is the name of a series of games played between (and the rivalry of) the A's and San Francisco Giants of the National League. The series takes its name from the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge which links the cities of Oakland and San Francisco. Although competitive, the regional rivalry between the A's and Giants is considered a friendly one with mostly mutual companionship between the fans, as opposed to White Sox–Cubs, or Yankees–Mets games where animosity runs high. Hats displaying both teams on the cap are sold from vendors at the games, and once in a while the teams both dress in original team uniforms from the early era of baseball. The series is also occasionally referred to as the "BART Series" for the Bay Area Rapid Transit system that links Oakland to San Francisco. However, the name "BART Series" has never been popular beyond a small selection of history books and national broadcasters and has fallen out of favor. Bay Area locals almost exclusively refer to the rivalry as the "Battle of the Bay".^[68]

Originally, the term described a series of exhibition games played between the two clubs after the conclusion of spring training, immediately prior to the start of the regular season. It was first used to refer to the 1989 World Series in which the Athletics won their most recent championship and the first time the teams had met since they moved to the San Francisco Bay Area (and the first time they had met since the A's also defeated the Giants in the 1913 World Series). Today, it also refers to games played between the teams during the regular season since the commencement of interleague play in 1997. Through the 2021 regular season, the Athletics have won 71 games, and the Giants have won 65 contests.^[69]

Through the 2021 season, the A's also have edges on the Giants in terms of overall postseason appearances (21-13), division titles (17-10) and World Series titles (4-3) since both teams moved to the Bay Area, even though the Giants franchise moved there a decade earlier than the A's did.

On March 24, 2018, the Oakland A's announced that for the Sunday, March 25, 2018 exhibition game against the San Francisco Giants, A's fans would be charged $30 for parking and Giants fans would be charged $50. However, the A's stated that Giants fans could receive $20 off if they shout "Go A's" at the parking gates.^[70]

In 2018, the Athletics and Giants started battling for a "Bay Bridge" Trophy^[71] made from steel taken from the old Bay Bridge, which was taken down after a new bridge was opened in 2013.^[72][73] The A's won the inaugural season with the trophy, allowing them to place their logo atop its Bay Bridge stand.^[74]

Historic rivalries

Philadelphia Phillies

See also: City Series (Philadelphia)

The City Series was the name of baseball games played between the Philadelphia Athletics and the Philadelphia Phillies of the National League, that ran from 1903 through 1955. After the A's move to Kansas City in 1955, the City Series rivalry came to an end. Since the introduction of interleague play in 1997, the teams have since faced each other during the regular season (with the first games taking place in 2003) but the rivalry had effectively died in the intervening years since the A's left Philadelphia. In 2014, when the A's faced the Phillies in inter-league play at the Oakland Coliseum, the Athletics didn't bother to mark the historical connection, going so far as to have a Connie Mack promotion the day before the series while the Texas Rangers were in Oakland.^[75]

The first City Series was held in 1883 between the Phillies and the American Association Philadelphia Athletics.^[76] When the Athletics first joined the American League, the two teams played each other in a spring and fall series. No City Series was held in 1901 and 1902 due to legal warring between the National League and American League.

Achievements

Awards

Main article: Oakland Athletics award winners and league leaders

• The Athletics give out an award named the Catfish Hunter Award since 2004 for the most inspirational Athletic.

Hall of Famers

Main article: List of members of the Baseball Hall of Fame

Oakland Athletics Hall of Famers
Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
Philadelphia Athletics Home Run Baker * Chief Bender * Ty Cobb Mickey Cochrane * Eddie Collins Jimmy Collins Stan Coveleski Elmer Flick Nellie Fox Jimmie Foxx * Lefty Grove * Waite Hoyt George Kell Nap Lajoie Connie Mack * Herb Pennock Eddie Plank * Al Simmons * Tris Speaker Rube Waddell * Zack Wheat Kansas City Athletics Luke Appling Lou Boudreau Whitey Herzog Tommy Lasorda Satchel Paige Enos Slaughter Oakland Athletics Harold Baines Orlando Cepeda Dennis Eckersley * Rollie Fingers * Goose Gossage Rickey Henderson * Catfish Hunter * Reggie Jackson * Tony La Russa Willie McCovey Joe Morgan Mike Piazza Tim Raines Don Sutton Frank Thomas Billy Williams Dick Williams Players and managers listed in bold are depicted on their Hall of Fame plaques wearing a Athletics cap insignia. * Philadelphia / Kansas City / Oakland Athletics listed as primary team according to the Hall of Fame

Ford C. Frick Award recipients

Oakland Athletics Ford C. Frick Award recipients
Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
Harry Caray Herb Carneal Al Helfer Bill King By Saam Lon Simmons Names in bold received the award based primarily on their work as broadcasters for the Athletics.

Retired numbers

See also: List of Major League Baseball retired numbers

The Athletics have retired six numbers, and honored one additional individual with the letter "A". Walter A. Haas, Jr., owner of the team from 1980 until his death in 1995, was honored by the retirement of the letter "A". Of the six players with retired numbers, five were retired for their play with the Athletics and one, 42, was universally retired by Major League Baseball when they honored the 50th anniversary of Jackie Robinson's breaking the color barrier. No A's player from the Philadelphia era has his number retired by the organization. Though Jackson and Hunter played small portions of their careers in Kansas City, no player that played the majority of his years in the Kansas City era has his number retired either. The A's have retired only the numbers of Hall-of-Famers who played large portions of their careers in Oakland. The Athletics have all of the numbers of the Hall-of-Fame players from the Philadelphia Athletics displayed at their stadium, as well as all of the years that the Philadelphia Athletics won World Championships (1910, 1911, 1913, 1929, and 1930). Dave Stewart was about to have his #34 jersey retired by the Oakland Athletics in 2020, but the ceremony was postponed until further notice, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions were raised if there would be a formal ceremony after no news about a reschedule happened in 2021 before it was announced in April 2022 that Stewart would have his jersey retired on September 11, 2022.^[77][78] Stewart broke the A's tradition in that his number was a re-retirement, as well as his not being in the Hall of Fame.

Reggie Jackson RF   Retired May 22, 2004   Rickey Henderson LF   Retired August 1, 2009   Catfish Hunter P   Retired June 9, 1991   Rollie Fingers P   Retired July 5, 1993   Dave Stewart P   Retired September 11, 2022   Dennis Eckersley P   Retired August 13, 2005   Walter A. Haas, Jr. Owner   Honored 1995   Jackie Robinson All MLB   Retired April 15, 1997

Athletics Hall of Fame

On September 5, 2018, the Athletics held a ceremony to induct seven members into the inaugural class of the team's Hall of Fame. Each member was honored with an unveiling of a painting in their likeness and a bright green jacket. Hunter, who died in 1999, was represented by his widow, while Finley, who died in 1996, was represented by his son. If the team ever gets a new stadium, a physical site will be designated for the Hall of Fame, as the Coliseum does not have enough space for a full-fledged exhibit.^[79] The next class to be inducted is the class of 2022, which is yet to be determined. In August 2021, it was announced that players Sal Bando, Eric Chavez, Joe Rudi, director of player development Keith Lieppman, and clubhouse manager Steve “Vuc” Vucinich would be part of the class; in November 2021, Ray Fosse, who had died the previous month, was posthumously inducted into the Hall of Fame.^[80][81] The Athletics Hall of Fame class of 2023, to be inducted August 6, featured players Jason Giambi, Bob Johnson, Carney Lansford and Gene Tenace, and longtime public address announcer Roy Steele.^[82]

Key

Bold	Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
	Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame as an Athletic
Bold	Recipient of the Hall of Fame's Ford C. Frick Award

Athletics Hall of Fame
Year	No.	Player	Position	Tenure
2018	43	Dennis Eckersley	P	1987–1995
	32, 38, 34	Rollie Fingers	P	1968–1976
	39, 35, 22, 24	Rickey Henderson	LF	1979–1984 1989–1993 1994–1995 1998
	27	Catfish Hunter	P	1965–1974
	9, 44	Reggie Jackson	RF	1967–1975 1987
	34, 35	Dave Stewart	P	1986–1992 1995
	—	Charlie Finley	Owner General Manager	1960–1981
2019	10, 11, 22, 29, 42	Tony La Russa	IF Manager	1963 1968–1971 1986–1995
	14, 17, 21, 28, 35	Vida Blue	P	1969–1977
	19	Bert "Campy" Campaneris	SS	1964–1976
	25	Mark McGwire	1B	1986–1997
	—	Walter A. Haas, Jr.	Owner	1981–1995
2021	—	Connie Mack	Manager Owner	1901–1950 1901–1954
	—	Eddie Collins	2B	1906–1914 1927–1930
	—	Frank "Home Run" Baker	3B	1908–1914
	—	Charles "Chief" Bender	P	1903–1914
	2	Mickey Cochrane	C	1925–1933
	2, 3	Jimmie Foxx	1B	1925–1935
	10	Lefty Grove	P	1925–1933
	—	Eddie Plank	P	1901–1914
	6, 7, 28, 32	Al Simmons	LF Coach	1924–1932 1940–1941, 1944 1940–1945
	—	Rube Waddell	P	1902–1907
2022	30, 3	Eric Chavez	3B	1998–2010
	6	Sal Bando	3B	1966–1976
	15, 45, 8, 36, 26	Joe Rudi	LF / 1B	1967–1976 1982
	10	Ray Fosse	C Broadcaster	1973–1975 1986–2021
	—	Keith Lieppman	Director of Player Development	1971–present
	—	Steve Vucinich	Clubhouse manager	1966–present
2023	16	Jason Giambi	LF / 1B	1995–2001 2009
	26, 7, 4	Bob Johnson	LF	1933–1942
	5, 4	Carney Lansford	3B	1983–1992
	24, 38, 18	Gene Tenace	C / 1B	1969–1976
	—	Roy Steele	Public address announcer	1968–2005 2007–2008

Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame

 

Dave Stewart, Oakland Athletics pitcher from 1986 to 1992 and 1995

Main article: Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame

17 members of the Athletics organization have been honored with induction into the Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame.

Athletics in the Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame
No.	Player	Position	Tenure	Notes
12	Dusty Baker	OF	1985–1986
14, 17, 21, 28, 35	Vida Blue	P	1969–1977
19	Bert "Campy" Campaneris	SS	1964–1976
12	Orlando Cepeda	1B	1972	Elected mainly on his performance with San Francisco Giants
4, 6, 10, 14	Sam Chapman	CF	1938–1941 1945–1951	Born and raised in Tiburon, California
43	Dennis Eckersley	P	1987–1995	Grew up in Fremont, California
32, 34, 38	Rollie Fingers	P	1968–1976
—	Walter A. Haas, Jr.	Owner	1981–1995	Grew up in San Francisco, California, attended UC Berkeley
24	Rickey Henderson	LF	1979–1984 1989–1993 1994–1995 1998	Raised in Oakland, California
27	Catfish Hunter	P	1965–1974
9, 31, 44	Reggie Jackson	RF	1968–1975 1987
1	Eddie Joost	SS Manager	1947–1954 1954	Born and raised in San Francisco, California
10, 11, 22, 29, 42	Tony La Russa	IF Manager	1963 1968–1971 1986–1995
1, 4	Billy Martin	2B Manager	1957 1980–1982	Elected mainly on his performance with New York Yankees, Born in Berkeley, California
44	Willie McCovey	1B	1976	Elected mainly on his performance with San Francisco Giants
8	Joe Morgan	2B	1984	Elected mainly on his performance with Cincinnati Reds, raised in Oakland, California
19	Dave Righetti	P	1994	Born and raised in San Jose, California
34	Dave Stewart	P	1986–1992 1995	Born and raised in Oakland, California

Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame

See also: Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame

The Athletics have all of the numbers of the Hall-of-Fame players from the Philadelphia Athletics displayed at their stadium, as well as all of the years that the Philadelphia Athletics won World Championships (1910, 1911, 1913, 1929, and 1930).

Also, from 1978 to 2003 (except 1983), the Philadelphia Phillies inducted one former Athletic (and one former Phillie) each year into the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame at the then-existing Veterans Stadium. 25 Athletics have been honored. In March 2004, after Veterans Stadium was replaced by the new Citizens Bank Park, the Athletics' plaques were relocated to the Philadelphia Athletics Historical Society in Hatboro, Pennsylvania,^[83][84][85] and a single plaque listing all of the A's inductees was attached to a statue of Connie Mack that is located across the street from Citizens Bank Park.^[86][87]

Key

Year	Year inducted
Bold	Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
	Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame as a member of the A's
Bold	Recipient of the Hall of Fame's Ford C. Frick Award

Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame
No.	Player	Position	Tenure	Inducted
—	Frank "Home Run" Baker	3B	1908–1914	1993
—	Charles "Chief" Bender	P	1903–1914	1991
4, 6, 10, 14	Sam Chapman	CF	1938–1951	1999
2	Mickey Cochrane	C	1925–1933	1982
—	Eddie Collins	2B	1906–1914 1927–1930	1987
—	Jack Coombs	P	1906–1914	1992
5	Jimmy Dykes	3B/2B Coach Manager	1918–1932 1940–1950 1951–1953	1984
11	George Earnshaw	P	1928–1933	2000
5, 8	Ferris Fain	1B	1947–1952	1997
2, 3, 4	Jimmie Foxx	1B	1925–1935	1979
10	Lefty Grove	P	1925–1933	1980
4, 7, 26	"Indian Bob" Johnson	LF	1933–1942	1989
1	Eddie Joost	SS Manager	1947–1954 1954	1995
—	Connie Mack	Manager Owner	1901–1950 1901–1954	1978
9, 27	Bing Miller	RF	1922–1926 1928–1934	1998
1, 2, 9, 19	Wally Moses	RF	1935–1941 1949–1951	1988
—	Rube Oldring	CF	1906–1916 1918	2003
—	Eddie Plank	P	1901–1914	1985
14	Eddie Rommel	P	1920–1932	1996
21, 30	Bobby Shantz	P	1949–1954	1994
6, 7, 28, 32	Al Simmons	LF Coach	1924–1932 1940–1941, 1944 1940–1945	1981
10, 15, 21, 35, 38	Elmer Valo	RF	1940–1954	1990
—	Rube Waddell	P	1902–1907	1986
12	Rube Walberg	P	1923–1933	2002
6, 19, 30	Gus Zernial	LF	1951–1954	2001

Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame

Main article: Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame

Athletics in the Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame
No.	Name	Position	Tenure	Inducted	Notes
—	Connie Mack	Manager Owner	1901–1950 1901–1954	2004
2, 3, 4	Jimmie Foxx	1B	1925–1935	2004
10	Lefty Grove	P	1925–1933	2005
6, 7, 28, 32	Al Simmons	LF Coach	1924–1932 1940–1941, 1944 1940–1945	2006
2	Mickey Cochrane	C	1925–1933	2007
—	Eddie Collins	2B	1906–1914 1927–1930	2009
21, 30	Bobby Shantz	P	1949–1954	2010
5	Jimmy Dykes	3B/2B Coach Manager	1918–1932 1940–1950 1951–1953	2011	Born in Philadelphia
—	Eddie Plank	P	1901–1914	2012
—	Charles "Chief" Bender	P	1903–1914	2014
—	Herb Pennock	P	1912–1915	2014	Elected mainly on his performance with New York Yankees
—	By Saam	Broadcaster	1938–1954	2014
4, 7, 26	Bob Johnson	LF	1933–1942	2017
—	Home Run Baker	3B	1908–1914	2019

Team captains

• 6 Sal Bando, 3B, 1969–1976

Season-by-season records

Main article: List of Oakland Athletics seasons

The records of the Athletics' last ten seasons in Major League Baseball are listed below.

Season	Wins	Losses	Win %	Place	Playoffs
2012	94	68	.580	1st in AL West	Lost ALDS vs. Detroit Tigers, 3–2
2013	96	66	.593	1st in AL West	Lost ALDS vs. Detroit Tigers, 3–2
2014	88	74	.543	2nd in AL West	Lost ALWC vs. Kansas City Royals, 9–8
2015	68	94	.420	5th in AL West
2016	69	93	.426	5th in AL West
2017	75	87	.463	5th in AL West
2018	97	65	.599	2nd in AL West	Lost ALWC vs. New York Yankees, 7–2
2019	97	65	.599	2nd in AL West	Lost ALWC vs. Tampa Bay Rays, 5–1
2020	36	24	.600	1st in AL West	Lost ALDS vs. Houston Astros, 3-1
2021	86	76	.531	3rd in AL West
10-Year Record	806	712	.531	—	—
All-Time Record	9,150	9,552	.489	—	—

Individuals

Khris Davis (outfielder/hitter) has been called “the most consistent hitter in baseball history”^[88] with his 2014 to 2018 season averages of .244, .247, .247, .247, and .247.^[89]

Home stadiums

Philadelphia

• Columbia Park (1901–1908)
• Shibe Park (1909–1954)

Kansas City

• Municipal Stadium (1955–1967)

Oakland

• Oakland Coliseum (1968–present)
  • Cashman Field in Las Vegas, Nevada (April 1996 for six games due to renovations at Oakland Coliseum)

Roster

See also: Oakland Athletics all-time roster

Oakland Athletics 2023 spring training roster v t e
40-man roster				Non-roster invitees		Coaches/Other
Pitchers 68 Domingo Acevedo 58 Paul Blackburn 11 Shintaro Fujinami 78 Hogan Harris 61 Zach Jackson 56 Dany Jiménez 32 James Kaprielian 55 Adrián Martínez 65 Trevor May 69 Luis Medina 60 Sam Moll 39 Kyle Muller 36 Adam Oller 47 Drew Rucinski 38 JP Sears 30 Chad Smith 54 Kirby Snead 62 Freddy Tarnok 64 Ken Waldichuk		Catchers 23 Shea Langeliers 28 Manny Piña Infielders  2 Nick Allen 26 Jonah Bride 15 Seth Brown 13 Jordan Díaz 40 Dermis García  5 Tony Kemp 73 Ryan Noda  6 Jace Peterson  4 Kevin Smith Outfielders 33 J. J. Bleday 77 Lawrence Butler 21 Conner Capel 12 Aledmys Díaz 22 Ramón Laureano 20 Cristian Pache 25 Brent Rooker  1 Esteury Ruiz 37 Cal Stevenson Designated hitters 99 Jesús Aguilar		Pitchers 74 Jasseel De La Cruz 67 Jake Fishman 50 Rico Garcia 80 J.T. Ginn 35 Deolis Guerra 66 Daulton Jefferies 70 Jorge Juan 83 Nolan Long 79 Mason Miller 29 Austin Pruitt 63 Norge Ruiz 19 Drew Steckenrider 63 Trey Supak 72 Garrett Williams Catchers 53 Kyle McCann 31 Yohel Pozo 57 Tyler Soderstrom 82 Daniel Susac Infielders 44 Ernie Clement 16 Kevin Cron 49 Logan Davidson 46 Zack Gelof 81 Max Muncy 17 Pablo Reyes  8 Tyler Wade Outfielders 76 Trenton Brooks 75 Denzel Clarke 48 Cody Thomas		Manager  7 Mark Kotsay Coaches 18 Mike Aldrete (first base) 51 Darren Bush (bench) 90 Wilkin Castillo (bullpen catcher) 41 Chris Cron (assistant hitting) 14 Scott Emerson (pitching) 52 Tommy Everidge (hitting) 91 Dustin Hughes (bullpen catcher) 59 Marcus Jensen (quality control)  3 Eric Martins (third base) 71 Mike McCarthy (bullpen) 40 active, 0 inactive, 28 non-roster invitees   7-, 10-, or 15-day injured list * Not on active roster ^† Suspended list Roster, coaches, and NRIs updated February 23, 2023 Transactions • Depth chart → All MLB rosters

Minor league affiliations

Main article: List of Oakland Athletics minor league affiliates

The Oakland Athletics farm system consists of six minor league affiliates.^[90]

Level	Team	League	Location
Triple-A	Las Vegas Aviators	Pacific Coast League	Summerlin, Nevada
Double-A	Midland RockHounds	Texas League	Midland, Texas
High-A	Lansing Lugnuts	Midwest League	Lansing, Michigan
Single-A	Stockton Ports	California League	Stockton, California
Rookie	ACL Athletics	Arizona Complex League	Mesa, Arizona
	DSL Athletics	Dominican Summer League	Boca Chica, Santo Domingo

Radio and television

See also: List of Oakland Athletics broadcasters

As of the 2020 season, the Oakland Athletics have had 14 radio homes.^[91] The Athletics' flagship radio station is KNEW and the team has a free live 24/7 exclusive A's station branded as A's Cast to stream the radio broadcast within the Athletics market and other A's programming via iHeartRadio.^[92] Going into the 2020 season, the Athletics had a deal with TuneIn for A's Cast and no flagship radio station in the Bay Area but changed their plans due to the COVID-19 pandemic keeping fans from attending games.^[93] The announcing team features Ken Korach and Vince Cotroneo.

Television coverage is exclusively on NBC Sports California. Some A's games air on an alternate feed of NBCS, called NBCS Plus, if the main channel shows a Sacramento Kings or San Jose Sharks game at the same time. On TV, Glen Kuiper covers play-by-play, and Dallas Braden typically providing color commentary, replacing the late Ray Fosse.

In popular culture

The 2003 Michael Lewis book Moneyball chronicles the 2002 Oakland Athletics season, with a specific focus on Billy Beane's economic approach to managing the organization under significant financial constraints. Beginning in June 2003, the book remained on The New York Times Best Seller list for 18 consecutive weeks, peaking at number 2.^[94][95] In 2011, Columbia Pictures released a film adaptation based on Lewis' book, which featured Brad Pitt playing the role of Beane. On September 19, 2011, the U.S. premiere of Moneyball was held at the Paramount Theatre in Oakland, which featured a green carpet for attendees to walk, rather than the traditional red carpet.^[96]

The first blog that spawned the full-fledged popular sports blog site SBNation was dedicated to the Oakland Athletics.^[97][98]

See also

• Oakland Athletics award winners and league leaders
• List of Oakland Athletics first-round draft picks
• List of Oakland Athletics managers
• List of Oakland Athletics no-hitters
• List of Oakland Athletics Opening Day starting pitchers
• List of Oakland Athletics owners and executives
• List of Oakland Athletics team records

Explanatory notes

1. The team's official colors are green and gold, according to the official website of the team's mascot, Stomper.^[1]
2. Six games in April 1996.

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Further reading

• Bergman, Ron. Mustache Gang: The Swaggering Tale of Oakland's A's. Dell Publishing Co., New York, 1973.
• Dickey, Glenn. Champions: The Story of the First Two Oakland A's Dynasties—and the Building of the Third. Triumph Books, Chicago, 2002. ISBN 1-57243-421-X
• Jordan, David M. The Athletics of Philadelphia: Connie Mack's White Elephants, 1901–1954. McFarland & Co., Jefferson NC, 1999. ISBN 0-7864-0620-8.
• Katz, Jeff. "The Kansas City A's & The Wrong Half of the Yankees." Maple Street Press, Hingham, Massachusetts, 2006. ISBN 978-0-9777436-5-0.
• Kuklick, Bruce. To Everything a Season: Shibe Park and Urban Philadelphia 1909–1976. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, 1991. ISBN 0-691-04788-X.
• Lewis, Michael. Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game. W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., New York, 2003. ISBN 0-393-05765-8.
• Markusen, Bruce. Baseball's Last Dynasty: Charlie Finley's Oakland A's. Master Press, Indianapolis, 1998.
• Peterson, John E. The Kansas City Athletics: A Baseball History 1954–1967. McFarland & Co., Jefferson NC, 1999. ISBN 0-7864-1610-6.
• Slusser, Susan. 100 Things A's Fans Should Know & Do Before They Die. Triumph Books, Chicago, 2015. ISBN 978-1629370682.

External links

• Oakland Athletics official website
• Oakland Athletics stats and minor league statistics July 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
• Oakland A's prospect information

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Pittsburgh Pirates 1909	World Series champions Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911	Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1912
Preceded by Boston Red Sox 1912	World Series champions Philadelphia Athletics 1913	Succeeded by Boston Braves 1914
Preceded by New York Yankees 1927–1928	World Series champions Philadelphia Athletics 1929–1930	Succeeded by St. Louis Cardinals 1931
Preceded by Pittsburgh Pirates 1971	World Series champions Oakland Athletics 1972–1974	Succeeded by Cincinnati Reds 1975–1976
Preceded by Los Angeles Dodgers 1988	World Series champions Oakland Athletics 1989	Succeeded by Cincinnati Reds 1990
Preceded by Chicago White Sox 1901	American League champions Philadelphia Athletics 1902	Succeeded by Boston Americans 1903
Preceded by Boston Americans 1903	American League champions Philadelphia Athletics 1905	Succeeded by Chicago White Sox 1906
Preceded by Detroit Tigers 1907–1909	American League champions Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911	Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1912
Preceded by Boston Red Sox 1912	American League champions Philadelphia Athletics 1913–1914	Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1915
Preceded by New York Yankees 1926–1928	American League champions Philadelphia Athletics 1929–1931	Succeeded by New York Yankees 1932
Preceded by Baltimore Orioles 1969–1971	American League champions Oakland Athletics 1972–1974	Succeeded by Boston Red Sox 1975
Preceded by Minnesota Twins 1987	American League champions Oakland Athletics 1988–1990	Succeeded by Minnesota Twins 1991