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Moravian-Silesian Region

December 20, 2023

The Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech: Moravskoslezský kraj; Polish: Kraj morawsko-śląski; Slovak: Moravsko-sliezsky kraj) is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic. Before May 2001, it was called the Ostrava Region (Czech: Ostravský kraj). The region is located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the historical region of Silesia. The region borders the Olomouc Region to the west and the Zlín Region to the south. It also borders two other countries – Poland (Opole and Silesian Voivodeships) to the north and Slovakia (Žilina Region) to the east.

Moravian-Silesian Region
Moravskoslezský kraj
Region
The Lysá hora mountain - symbol of the region
Flag
Coat of arms
CountryCzech Republic
CapitalOstrava
DistrictsBruntál District, Frýdek-Místek District, Karviná District, Nový Jičín District, Opava District, Ostrava-City District
Government
 • GovernorIvo Vondrák
Area
 • Total5,426.83 km2 (2,095.31 sq mi)
Highest elevation
1,491 m (4,892 ft)
Population
 (2023-01-01)[1]
 • Total1,189,674
 • Density220/km2 (570/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166-2CZ-MO
Licence plateT
NUTS codeCZ08
GDP per capita (PPS) (2018)€23,000
HDI (2019)0.870[2]
very high · 6th
Websitewww.msk.cz

It is a highly industrialized region, its capital Ostrava was actually called the "Steel Heart of the Republic".[3] In addition, it has several mountainous areas where the landscape is relatively preserved. Nowadays, the economy of the region benefits from its location in the Czech/Polish/Slovak borderlands.

Administrative division edit

The Moravian-Silesian Region is divided into 6 districts, in which there are 300 municipalities (39 are towns):

 
Districts of Moravia-Silesia Region

Traditionally, the region has been divided into six districts (Czech: okresy) which still exist as regional units, though most administration has been shifted to the municipalities with extended competence and the municipalities with commissioned local authority.

Municipalities with extended competence edit

Since 1 January 2003, the region has been divided into 22 municipalities with extended competence, which took over most of the administration of the former district authorities. Some of these are further divided into municipalities with commissioned local authority. They are unofficially named little districts (Czech: malé okresy). They are:

Population edit

 
Ostrava City Hall

The total population of the region was 1,203,292 (men 49.1%, women 50.9%) in 2019, which makes it the third most populous region in the Czech Republic;[4] 86.9% are Czechs, 3.3% Slovaks, 3.0% Poles, 2.3% Moravians, 0.8% Silesians, 0.3% Germans, and 0.2% Romani, though this last figure might be considerably higher, as Romani often do not officially admit their ethnicity. Around 40.2% of the population is religious, mostly Roman Catholic, while 52.3% declares as atheist.

The population density is 222 inhabitants per km2, which is the second-highest in the country, after the capital Prague. Most of the population is urban, with 59% living in towns with over 20,000 inhabitants. The average age of the population in the region was 42.7 in 2019.[4]

Cities and towns edit

The table shows cities and towns in the region with the largest population (as of 1 January 2019):[4]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1869564,203—    
1880620,061+9.9%
1890677,048+9.2%
1900791,328+16.9%
1910892,795+12.8%
YearPop.±%
1921912,022+2.2%
1930992,941+8.9%
1950867,783−12.6%
19611,028,762+18.6%
19701,166,807+13.4%
YearPop.±%
19801,257,090+7.7%
19911,278,726+1.7%
20011,265,019−1.1%
20111,205,836−4.7%
20211,162,841−3.6%
Source: Censuses[5][6]

Economy edit

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 19.6 billion € in 2018, accounting for 9.5% of Czech economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 23,000 € or 76% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 74% of the EU average.[7]

Geography edit

The geography of the region varies considerably, comprising many land forms from lowlands to high mountains whose summits lie above the tree line.

In the west lie the Hrubý Jeseník mountains, with the highest mountain of the region (and all Moravia), Praděd, rising 1,491 metres (4,892 ft). The mountains are heavily forested, with many spectacular places and famous spas such as Karlova Studánka and Jeseník, so are very popular with tourists. Also, several ski resorts are there, including Červenohorské Sedlo and Ovčárna, with long-lasting snow cover. The Hrubý Jeseník mountains slowly merge into the rolling hills of the Nízký Jeseníks and Oderské Vrchy, rising to 800 m at Slunečná and 680 m at Fidlův Kopec, respectively.

To the east, the landscape gradually descends into the Moravian Gate valley with the Bečva and Oder Rivers. The former flows to the south-west, the latter to the north-east, where the terrain spreads into the flat Ostrava Basin and Opava Hilly Land, where most of the population lives. The region's heavy industry, which has been in decline for the last decade, is located there, too, benefiting from huge deposits of hard coal. The confluence of the Odra and Olza is the lowest point of the region, at 195 m.

To the south-east, towards the Slovakian border, the landscape sharply rises into the Moravian-Silesian Beskids, with its highest mountain Lysá hora at 1,323 m (4,341 ft), which is the place with the highest annual rainfall in the Czech Republic, 1,500 mm (100 in) a year. The mountains are heavily forested and serve as a holiday resort for the industrial north.

Nature conservation edit

Three large landscape protected areas and a number of smaller nature reserves are in the region. The countryside is mostly man-made, but five natural parks with preserved natural scenery exist.

The Jeseníky PLA (with an area of 745 km2 or 288 sq mi) lies in the mountain range of the same name in the north east of the region. The terrain is very diverse, with steep slopes and deep valleys. About 80%t of the area is forested, mostly by secondary plantations of Norway spruce, which were seriously damaged by industrial emissions. Due to local weather conditions, the tree line in the area descends to 1,200–1,300 m (3,900–4,300 ft). Alpine meadows can be found in particularly low elevations in the Jeseník mountains. Also, a few peat moors are found there, which are otherwise nonexistent in Moravia.

The Poodří PLA (81.5 km2 or 31.5 sq mi) lies in the Moravian Gate, in close proximity to the region's capital Ostrava, on the banks of the meandering Odra. It is an area of floodplain forests (one of the last preserved in Central Europe), flooded meadows, and many shallow ponds, on which water birds thrive.

The Beskydy PLA (1,160 km2 or 450 sq mi) is the largest Czech PLA. It lies in the south-east of the region, along the Slovakian boundary. In the north, the mountains rise steeply from the Ostrava basin, to the south their elevation and severity decreases. Most of the area is forested, mainly by Norway spruce plantations, which are not indigenous to the area. Many of these were severely damaged by emissions from the Ostrava industrial region. There are, however, also a lot of either newly planted or preserved forests of European beech, which in the past covered most of the mountains. The PLA is typical by its mosaic of forests and highland meadows and pastures with hamlets scattered throughout all the mountains. In recent years bear and wolf sighting have become more frequent.

Altogether, 125 small, protected nature areas cover an area of 52 km2 or 20 sq mi. The most notable of them is the lime Šipka Cave near Štramberk, where remnants of a Neanderthal man were discovered in the late 19th century.

Places of interest edit

 
Štramberk

There are three towns with protected historical centers. Příbor, the birthplace of Sigmund Freud, was an important center of education for northern Moravia from the 17th century to the first half of the 20th. Nový Jičín, founded under the castle of Starý Jičín, has a well-preserved central square dating back to the 14th century, with the Žerotínský château nearby. Štramberk is a unique small town nestled in a valley between lime hills, with many timber houses and the Trúba Spire rising on a hill above the town.

Many castles and châteaus are in the region, the most famous being Hradec nad Moravicí, Raduň, Kravaře, and Fulnek. Hukvaldy, in a village of the same name under the Moravian-Silesian Beskids, is one of the region's many castle ruins, known for a musical festival dedicated to the composer Leoš Janáček, who was born there. Another well-known castle ruin is Sovinec under the Hrubý Jeseníks.

Due to the importance of industry in the region, many museums display products of local technical development. The Automobile Museum in Kopřivnice exhibits the history of the Tatra cars, The Train Carriage Museum is in Studénka, and the Mining Museum and the former Michal Mine (Důl Michal) are in Ostrava.

History edit

See also: Czech Silesia

Until 2000, the current region did not exist as such, but was organized as part of a larger administrative unit called the North Moravian Region. Six of its districts, Bruntál, Frýdek-Místek, Karviná, Nový Jičín, Opava, and Ostrava, were in 2000 put into the newly established Moravian-Silesian Region. The old North Moravian Region still exists and jurisdiction of some administrative bodies is defined by its borders.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Population of territorial units of the Czech republic". Czech Statistical Office. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  2. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  3. ^ "Ostrava – Steel heart of Czechoslovakia". Radio Praha. 17 July 2000. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  4. ^ a b c "Population of municipalities of the Czech republic". Czech Statistical Office. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  5. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 21 December 2015.
  6. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 27 March 2021.
  7. ^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.

External links edit

  • Official website
  • Travel Guide - North Moravia and Silesia

49°46′48″N 18°1′48″E / 49.78000°N 18.03000°E / 49.78000; 18.03000

December 20, 2023
moravian, silesian, region, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Moravian Silesian Region news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Moravian Silesian Region Czech Moravskoslezsky kraj Polish Kraj morawsko slaski Slovak Moravsko sliezsky kraj is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic Before May 2001 it was called the Ostrava Region Czech Ostravsky kraj The region is located in the north eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the historical region of Silesia The region borders the Olomouc Region to the west and the Zlin Region to the south It also borders two other countries Poland Opole and Silesian Voivodeships to the north and Slovakia Zilina Region to the east Moravian Silesian Region Moravskoslezsky krajRegionThe Lysa hora mountain symbol of the regionFlagCoat of armsCountryCzech RepublicCapitalOstravaDistrictsBruntal District Frydek Mistek District Karvina District Novy Jicin District Opava District Ostrava City DistrictGovernment GovernorIvo VondrakArea Total5 426 83 km2 2 095 31 sq mi Highest elevation1 491 m 4 892 ft Population 2023 01 01 1 Total1 189 674 Density220 km2 570 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST ISO 3166 2CZ MOLicence plateTNUTS codeCZ08GDP per capita PPS 2018 23 000HDI 2019 0 870 2 very high 6thWebsitewww wbr msk wbr czIt is a highly industrialized region its capital Ostrava was actually called the Steel Heart of the Republic 3 In addition it has several mountainous areas where the landscape is relatively preserved Nowadays the economy of the region benefits from its location in the Czech Polish Slovak borderlands Contents 1 Administrative division 1 1 Municipalities with extended competence 2 Population 2 1 Cities and towns 3 Economy 4 Geography 4 1 Nature conservation 4 2 Places of interest 5 History 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksAdministrative division editThe Moravian Silesian Region is divided into 6 districts in which there are 300 municipalities 39 are towns nbsp Districts of Moravia Silesia Region Bruntal Frydek Mistek Karvina Novy Jicin Opava Ostrava City Traditionally the region has been divided into six districts Czech okresy which still exist as regional units though most administration has been shifted to the municipalities with extended competence and the municipalities with commissioned local authority Municipalities with extended competence edit Since 1 January 2003 the region has been divided into 22 municipalities with extended competence which took over most of the administration of the former district authorities Some of these are further divided into municipalities with commissioned local authority They are unofficially named little districts Czech male okresy They are Population edit nbsp Ostrava City HallThe total population of the region was 1 203 292 men 49 1 women 50 9 in 2019 which makes it the third most populous region in the Czech Republic 4 86 9 are Czechs 3 3 Slovaks 3 0 Poles 2 3 Moravians 0 8 Silesians 0 3 Germans and 0 2 Romani though this last figure might be considerably higher as Romani often do not officially admit their ethnicity Around 40 2 of the population is religious mostly Roman Catholic while 52 3 declares as atheist The population density is 222 inhabitants per km2 which is the second highest in the country after the capital Prague Most of the population is urban with 59 living in towns with over 20 000 inhabitants The average age of the population in the region was 42 7 in 2019 4 Cities and towns edit The table shows cities and towns in the region with the largest population as of 1 January 2019 4 Name Population Area km2 District nbsp Ostrava 289 128 214 Ostrava City District nbsp Havirov 71 903 32 Karvina District nbsp Opava 56 638 91 Opava District nbsp Frydek Mistek 55 931 52 Frydek Mistek District nbsp Karvina 52 824 57 Karvina District nbsp Trinec 35 131 85 Frydek Mistek District nbsp Orlova 28 852 25 Karvina District nbsp Cesky Tesin 24 438 34 Karvina District nbsp Novy Jicin 23 496 45 Novy Jicin District nbsp Krnov 23 397 44 Bruntal District nbsp Koprivnice 21 949 27 Novy Jicin District nbsp Bohumin 20 690 31 Karvina District nbsp Bruntal 16 408 29 Bruntal District nbsp Hlucin 13 953 21 Opava District nbsp Frenstat pod Radhostem 10 820 11 Novy Jicin District nbsp Studenka 9 477 30 Novy Jicin DistrictHistorical populationYearPop 1869564 203 1880620 061 9 9 1890677 048 9 2 1900791 328 16 9 1910892 795 12 8 YearPop 1921912 022 2 2 1930992 941 8 9 1950867 783 12 6 19611 028 762 18 6 19701 166 807 13 4 YearPop 19801 257 090 7 7 19911 278 726 1 7 20011 265 019 1 1 20111 205 836 4 7 20211 162 841 3 6 Source Censuses 5 6 Economy editThe Gross domestic product GDP of the region was 19 6 billion in 2018 accounting for 9 5 of Czech economic output GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 23 000 or 76 of the EU27 average in the same year The GDP per employee was 74 of the EU average 7 Geography editThe geography of the region varies considerably comprising many land forms from lowlands to high mountains whose summits lie above the tree line In the west lie the Hruby Jesenik mountains with the highest mountain of the region and all Moravia Praded rising 1 491 metres 4 892 ft The mountains are heavily forested with many spectacular places and famous spas such as Karlova Studanka and Jesenik so are very popular with tourists Also several ski resorts are there including Cervenohorske Sedlo and Ovcarna with long lasting snow cover The Hruby Jesenik mountains slowly merge into the rolling hills of the Nizky Jeseniks and Oderske Vrchy rising to 800 m at Slunecna and 680 m at Fidluv Kopec respectively To the east the landscape gradually descends into the Moravian Gate valley with the Becva and Oder Rivers The former flows to the south west the latter to the north east where the terrain spreads into the flat Ostrava Basin and Opava Hilly Land where most of the population lives The region s heavy industry which has been in decline for the last decade is located there too benefiting from huge deposits of hard coal The confluence of the Odra and Olza is the lowest point of the region at 195 m To the south east towards the Slovakian border the landscape sharply rises into the Moravian Silesian Beskids with its highest mountain Lysa hora at 1 323 m 4 341 ft which is the place with the highest annual rainfall in the Czech Republic 1 500 mm 100 in a year The mountains are heavily forested and serve as a holiday resort for the industrial north Nature conservation edit Three large landscape protected areas and a number of smaller nature reserves are in the region The countryside is mostly man made but five natural parks with preserved natural scenery exist The Jeseniky PLA with an area of 745 km2 or 288 sq mi lies in the mountain range of the same name in the north east of the region The terrain is very diverse with steep slopes and deep valleys About 80 t of the area is forested mostly by secondary plantations of Norway spruce which were seriously damaged by industrial emissions Due to local weather conditions the tree line in the area descends to 1 200 1 300 m 3 900 4 300 ft Alpine meadows can be found in particularly low elevations in the Jesenik mountains Also a few peat moors are found there which are otherwise nonexistent in Moravia The Poodri PLA 81 5 km2 or 31 5 sq mi lies in the Moravian Gate in close proximity to the region s capital Ostrava on the banks of the meandering Odra It is an area of floodplain forests one of the last preserved in Central Europe flooded meadows and many shallow ponds on which water birds thrive The Beskydy PLA 1 160 km2 or 450 sq mi is the largest Czech PLA It lies in the south east of the region along the Slovakian boundary In the north the mountains rise steeply from the Ostrava basin to the south their elevation and severity decreases Most of the area is forested mainly by Norway spruce plantations which are not indigenous to the area Many of these were severely damaged by emissions from the Ostrava industrial region There are however also a lot of either newly planted or preserved forests of European beech which in the past covered most of the mountains The PLA is typical by its mosaic of forests and highland meadows and pastures with hamlets scattered throughout all the mountains In recent years bear and wolf sighting have become more frequent Altogether 125 small protected nature areas cover an area of 52 km2 or 20 sq mi The most notable of them is the lime Sipka Cave near Stramberk where remnants of a Neanderthal man were discovered in the late 19th century Places of interest edit nbsp StramberkThere are three towns with protected historical centers Pribor the birthplace of Sigmund Freud was an important center of education for northern Moravia from the 17th century to the first half of the 20th Novy Jicin founded under the castle of Stary Jicin has a well preserved central square dating back to the 14th century with the Zerotinsky chateau nearby Stramberk is a unique small town nestled in a valley between lime hills with many timber houses and the Truba Spire rising on a hill above the town Many castles and chateaus are in the region the most famous being Hradec nad Moravici Radun Kravare and Fulnek Hukvaldy in a village of the same name under the Moravian Silesian Beskids is one of the region s many castle ruins known for a musical festival dedicated to the composer Leos Janacek who was born there Another well known castle ruin is Sovinec under the Hruby Jeseniks Due to the importance of industry in the region many museums display products of local technical development The Automobile Museum in Koprivnice exhibits the history of the Tatra cars The Train Carriage Museum is in Studenka and the Mining Museum and the former Michal Mine Dul Michal are in Ostrava History editSee also Czech Silesia Until 2000 the current region did not exist as such but was organized as part of a larger administrative unit called the North Moravian Region Six of its districts Bruntal Frydek Mistek Karvina Novy Jicin Opava and Ostrava were in 2000 put into the newly established Moravian Silesian Region The old North Moravian Region still exists and jurisdiction of some administrative bodies is defined by its borders See also editSilesia Euroregion Lach dialectsReferences edit Population of territorial units of the Czech republic Czech Statistical Office Retrieved 27 October 2023 Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab hdi globaldatalab org Retrieved 20 July 2021 Ostrava Steel heart of Czechoslovakia Radio Praha 17 July 2000 Retrieved 30 May 2019 a b c Population of municipalities of the Czech republic Czech Statistical Office Retrieved 30 April 2019 Historicky lexikon obci Ceske republiky 1869 2011 in Czech Czech Statistical Office 21 December 2015 Population Census 2021 Population by sex Public Database Czech Statistical Office 27 March 2021 Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30 to 263 of the EU average in 2018 Eurostat External links editOfficial website Region statistics Travel Guide North Moravia and Silesia 49 46 48 N 18 1 48 E 49 78000 N 18 03000 E 49 78000 18 03000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Moravian Silesian Region amp oldid 1182211018, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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