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Mammals of Olympic National Park

January 01, 1970

There are at least 9 large terrestrial mammals, 50 small mammals, and 14 marine mammal species known to occur in Olympic National Park.

Orca

Species are listed by common name, scientific name, and occurrence.[1][2] Common and scientific names from Washington State Field Guides-Mammals of Washington.[3]

Legend edit

Large mammals edit

Black bear edit

 
Black bear

Order: Carnivora, Family: Ursidae

Occurrence: Forests, slide areas, alpine meadows - C

The American black bear (Ursus americanus) is North America's smallest and most common species of bear. It is a generalist animal, being able to exploit numerous different habitats and foodstuffs. The American black bear is listed by the IUCN as least concern, due to the species widespread distribution and a large global population estimated to be twice that of all other bear species combined.[4]

Bobcat edit

 
Bobcat

Order: Carnivora, Family: Felidae

Occurrence: Open forests, brushy areas - C

The bobcat (Lynx rufus) is a North American mammal of the cat family, Felidae. With twelve recognized subspecies, it ranges from southern Canada to northern Mexico, including most of the continental United States. The bobcat is an adaptable predator that inhabits wooded areas, as well as semi-desert, urban edge, forest edges and swampland environments. It persists in much of its original range and populations are healthy.

Cougar edit

 
Cougar

Order: Carnivora, Family: Felidae

Occurrence: Coniferous forests - C

The cougar (Puma concolor), also known as puma, mountain lion, mountain cat, catamount or panther, depending on the region, is a mammal of the family Felidae, native to the Americas. This large, solitary cat has the greatest range of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere, extending from Yukon in Canada to the southern Andes of South America. An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in every major American habitat type. It is the second heaviest cat in the American continents after the jaguar. Although large, the cougar is most closely related to smaller felines.

Coyote edit

 
Coyote

Order: Carnivora, Family: Canidae

Occurrence: Forests, grasslands - C

The coyote (/kaɪˈoʊtiː/ or /ˈkaɪ.oʊt/)[5] (Canis latrans), also known as the American jackal or the prairie wolf,[6] is a species of canid found throughout North and Central America, ranging from Panama in the south, north through Mexico, the United States and Canada. It occurs as far north as Alaska and all but the Arctic portions of Canada.[7]

Elk edit

The subspecies Roosevelt elk (Cervus canadensis roosevelti) occurs in the park.

 
Elk

Order: Artiodactyla, Family: Cervidae

Occurrence: Open forests, meadows - C

The elk, or wapiti (Cervus canadensis), is one of the largest species of deer in the world and one of the largest mammals in North America and eastern Asia. In the deer family (Cervidae), only the moose, Alces alces (called an "elk" in Europe), is larger, and Cervus unicolor (the sambar deer) can rival the C. canadensis elk in size. Elk range in forest and forest-edge habitat, feeding on grasses, plants, leaves, and bark.

Mountain goat edit

The mountain goat is an introduced species within the park. The park and Forest Service are undertaking projects to relocate mountain goats to the Cascade mountains.[8][9]

 
Mountain goat

Order: Artiodactyla, Family: Bovidae

Occurrence: High peaks and meadows - CL, I

The mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus), also known as the Rocky Mountain goat, is a large-hoofed mammal found only in North America. Despite its vernacular name, it is not a member of Capra, the genus of true goats. It resides at high elevations and is a sure-footed climber, often resting on rocky cliffs that predators cannot reach.

Mule deer edit

 
Black-tailed deer

The black-tailed deer sub-species (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) is found in the park.

Order: Artiodactyla, Family: Cervidae

Occurrence: Open forests, meadows, often at high elevations - C

The mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) is a deer whose habitat is in the western half of North America. It gets its name from its large mule-like ears. Adult male mule deer are called bucks, adult females are called does, and young of both sexes are called fawns. The black-tailed deer is considered by some a distinct species though it is classified as a subspecies of the mule deer. Unlike its cousin, the white-tailed deer, mule deer are generally more associated with the land west of the Missouri River. The most noticeable differences between whitetails and mule deer are the color of their tails and configuration of their antlers. The mule deer's tail is black tipped.

Gray wolf edit

Although native to the park, the gray wolf was extirpated from the park in the 19th century.

Order: Carnivora, Family: Canidae

Occurrence: Coniferous forests - E

Northwestern wolf is a subspecies of a gray wolf or grey wolf (Canis lupus), often known simply as the wolf which is the largest wild member of the family Canidae. It is an ice age survivor originating during the Late Pleistocene around 300,000 years ago.[10] DNA sequencing and genetic drift studies reaffirm that the gray wolf shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Although certain aspects of this conclusion have been questioned, the main body of evidence confirms it. A number of other gray wolf subspecies have been identified, though the actual number of subspecies is still open to discussion. Gray wolves are typically apex predators in the ecosystems they occupy.

Red fox edit

The red fox is an introduced species within the park.

 
Red fox kits

Order: Carnivora, Family: Canidae

Occurrence: Grasslands, open forest - R, I

The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a small canid native to much of North America and Eurasia, as well as northern Africa. It is the most recognizable species of fox and in many areas it is referred to simply as "the fox". As its name suggests, its fur is predominantly reddish-brown, but there is a naturally occurring grey morph known as the "silver" fox. The red fox is by far the most widespread and abundant species of fox, found in almost every single habitat in the Northern Hemisphere, from the coastal marshes of United States, to the alpine tundras of Tibetan Plateau.

Small mammals edit

Raccoons edit

Order: Carnivora Family: Procyonidae

  • Raccoon, Procyon lotor, Open forests, stream bottoms - C

Badgers and weasels edit

 
Short-tailed weasel

Order: Carnivora Family: Mustelidae

Skunks edit

Order: Carnivora Family: Mephitidae

Hares and rabbits edit

 
Snowshoe hare

Order: Lagomorpha Family: Leporidae

Shrews edit

 
Masked shrew

Order: Soricomorpha Family: Soricidae

Moles edit

Order: Soricomorpha Family: Talpidae

  • American shrew-mole, Neurotrichus gibbsii, damp forested or bushy areas - CL
  • Townsend's mole, Scapanus townsendii, open lowland and wooded areas - A
    • Snow mole, Scapanus townsendii olympicus is one subspecies found in the park -- CL, EN
  • Coast mole, Scapanus orarius, forested and open areas with moist soils - C

Beaver edit

Order: Rodentia Family: Castoridae

  • Beaver, Castor canadensis, ponds, streams, lakes - CL

Family: Aplodontiidae

Squirrels edit

 
Douglas squirrel

Order: Rodentia Family: Sciuridae

Pocket gophers edit

Order: Rodentia Family: Geomyidae

Rats edit

Order: Rodentia Family: Muridae

Mice edit

Order: Rodentia Family: Cricetidae

  • Keen's mouse, Peromyscus keeni, forests, grasslands, alpine meadows - C

Jumping mice edit

Order: Rodentia Family: Dipodidae

Muskrats, voles and woodrats edit

 
Muskrat

Order: Rodentia Family: Cricetidae

Porcupines edit

Order: Rodentia Family: Erethizontidae

Bats edit

 
Big brown bat

Order: Chiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae

Marine mammals edit

The coastal portion of Olympic National Park contains 73 miles (117 km) of Pacific Ocean shoreline and abuts the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary.[12] The following marine mammals are found in the waters off the beaches of the coastal section of the park.

Further reading edit

  • Ingles, L.G. (1965). Mammals of the Pacific States: California, Oregon, Washington. Stanford University.
  • Eder, Tamara (2002). Mammals of Washington and Oregon. Lone Pine Publishing. ISBN 1-55105-337-3.
  • Dalquest, Walter Woelber (1948). Mammals of Washington. University of Kansas Press.

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Olympic National Park-Terrestrial Mammal Species List". National Park Service. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  2. ^ "Olympic National Park-Marine Mammal Species List". National Park Service. Retrieved 2011-12-22.
  3. ^ . The Burke Museum of Natural History-University of Washington. Archived from the original on 2012-01-04. Retrieved 2011-12-12.
  4. ^ Garshelis, D.L.; Crider, D. & van Manen, F. (2008). "Ursus americanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008. Retrieved 27 January 2009.
  5. ^ coyote - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  6. ^ prairie wolf. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07 2008-10-16 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ "Canis latrans". Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved 2007-08-15.
  8. ^ Michelle Lou. "The government is blindfolding mountain goats to fly them back to their native habitat in Washington". CNN. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
  9. ^ "Mountain Goat Capture and Translocation - Olympic National Park (U.S. National Park Service)". National Park Service. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
  10. ^ Nowak, R. 1992. Wolves: The great travelers of evolution. International Wolf 2(4):3 - 7.
  11. ^ "Fisher Reintroduction - Olympic National Park (U.S. National Park Service)".
  12. ^ "Olympic National Park-Coastal ecosystem". National Park Service. Retrieved 2011-12-25.

January 01, 1970
mammals, olympic, national, park, there, least, large, terrestrial, mammals, small, mammals, marine, mammal, species, known, occur, olympic, national, park, orca, species, listed, common, name, scientific, name, occurrence, common, scientific, names, from, was. There are at least 9 large terrestrial mammals 50 small mammals and 14 marine mammal species known to occur in Olympic National Park Orca Species are listed by common name scientific name and occurrence 1 2 Common and scientific names from Washington State Field Guides Mammals of Washington 3 Contents 1 Legend 2 Large mammals 2 1 Black bear 2 2 Bobcat 2 3 Cougar 2 4 Coyote 2 5 Elk 2 6 Mountain goat 2 7 Mule deer 2 8 Gray wolf 2 9 Red fox 3 Small mammals 3 1 Raccoons 3 2 Badgers and weasels 3 3 Skunks 3 4 Hares and rabbits 3 5 Shrews 3 6 Moles 3 7 Beaver 3 8 Squirrels 3 9 Pocket gophers 3 10 Rats 3 11 Mice 3 12 Jumping mice 3 13 Muskrats voles and woodrats 3 14 Porcupines 3 15 Bats 4 Marine mammals 5 Further reading 6 NotesLegend editA Abundant C Common CL Common locally U Uncommon UL Uncommon locally R Rare E Extirpated I Introduced EN Endemic speciesLarge mammals editBlack bear edit nbsp Black bear Order Carnivora Family UrsidaeOccurrence Forests slide areas alpine meadows CThe American black bear Ursus americanus is North America s smallest and most common species of bear It is a generalist animal being able to exploit numerous different habitats and foodstuffs The American black bear is listed by the IUCN as least concern due to the species widespread distribution and a large global population estimated to be twice that of all other bear species combined 4 Bobcat edit nbsp Bobcat Order Carnivora Family FelidaeOccurrence Open forests brushy areas CThe bobcat Lynx rufus is a North American mammal of the cat family Felidae With twelve recognized subspecies it ranges from southern Canada to northern Mexico including most of the continental United States The bobcat is an adaptable predator that inhabits wooded areas as well as semi desert urban edge forest edges and swampland environments It persists in much of its original range and populations are healthy Cougar edit nbsp Cougar Order Carnivora Family FelidaeOccurrence Coniferous forests CThe cougar Puma concolor also known as puma mountain lion mountain cat catamount or panther depending on the region is a mammal of the family Felidae native to the Americas This large solitary cat has the greatest range of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere extending from Yukon in Canada to the southern Andes of South America An adaptable generalist species the cougar is found in every major American habitat type It is the second heaviest cat in the American continents after the jaguar Although large the cougar is most closely related to smaller felines Coyote edit nbsp Coyote Order Carnivora Family CanidaeOccurrence Forests grasslands CThe coyote k aɪ ˈ oʊ t iː or ˈ k aɪ oʊ t 5 Canis latrans also known as the American jackal or the prairie wolf 6 is a species of canid found throughout North and Central America ranging from Panama in the south north through Mexico the United States and Canada It occurs as far north as Alaska and all but the Arctic portions of Canada 7 Elk edit The subspecies Roosevelt elk Cervus canadensis roosevelti occurs in the park nbsp Elk Order Artiodactyla Family CervidaeOccurrence Open forests meadows CThe elk or wapiti Cervus canadensis is one of the largest species of deer in the world and one of the largest mammals in North America and eastern Asia In the deer family Cervidae only the moose Alces alces called an elk in Europe is larger and Cervus unicolor the sambar deer can rival the C canadensis elk in size Elk range in forest and forest edge habitat feeding on grasses plants leaves and bark Mountain goat edit The mountain goat is an introduced species within the park The park and Forest Service are undertaking projects to relocate mountain goats to the Cascade mountains 8 9 nbsp Mountain goat Order Artiodactyla Family BovidaeOccurrence High peaks and meadows CL IThe mountain goat Oreamnos americanus also known as the Rocky Mountain goat is a large hoofed mammal found only in North America Despite its vernacular name it is not a member of Capra the genus of true goats It resides at high elevations and is a sure footed climber often resting on rocky cliffs that predators cannot reach Mule deer edit nbsp Black tailed deer The black tailed deer sub species Odocoileus hemionus columbianus is found in the park Order Artiodactyla Family CervidaeOccurrence Open forests meadows often at high elevations CThe mule deer Odocoileus hemionus is a deer whose habitat is in the western half of North America It gets its name from its large mule like ears Adult male mule deer are called bucks adult females are called does and young of both sexes are called fawns The black tailed deer is considered by some a distinct species though it is classified as a subspecies of the mule deer Unlike its cousin the white tailed deer mule deer are generally more associated with the land west of the Missouri River The most noticeable differences between whitetails and mule deer are the color of their tails and configuration of their antlers The mule deer s tail is black tipped Gray wolf edit Although native to the park the gray wolf was extirpated from the park in the 19th century Order Carnivora Family CanidaeOccurrence Coniferous forests ENorthwestern wolf is a subspecies of a gray wolf or grey wolf Canis lupus often known simply as the wolf which is the largest wild member of the family Canidae It is an ice age survivor originating during the Late Pleistocene around 300 000 years ago 10 DNA sequencing and genetic drift studies reaffirm that the gray wolf shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris Although certain aspects of this conclusion have been questioned the main body of evidence confirms it A number of other gray wolf subspecies have been identified though the actual number of subspecies is still open to discussion Gray wolves are typically apex predators in the ecosystems they occupy Red fox edit The red fox is an introduced species within the park nbsp Red fox kits Order Carnivora Family CanidaeOccurrence Grasslands open forest R IThe red fox Vulpes vulpes is a small canid native to much of North America and Eurasia as well as northern Africa It is the most recognizable species of fox and in many areas it is referred to simply as the fox As its name suggests its fur is predominantly reddish brown but there is a naturally occurring grey morph known as the silver fox The red fox is by far the most widespread and abundant species of fox found in almost every single habitat in the Northern Hemisphere from the coastal marshes of United States to the alpine tundras of Tibetan Plateau Small mammals editRaccoons edit Order Carnivora Family Procyonidae Raccoon Procyon lotor Open forests stream bottoms C Badgers and weasels edit nbsp Short tailed weasel Order Carnivora Family Mustelidae North American river otter Lontra canadensis rivers lakes ponds C Pacific marten Martes caurina coniferous forests R Short tailed weasel Mustela richardsonii coniferous forests and meadows C EN Long tailed weasel Neogale frenata open forests and meadows C American mink Neogale vison creek and lake edges C Fisher Pekania pennanti coniferous forests reintroduced 11 R Skunks edit Order Carnivora Family Mephitidae Striped skunk Mephitis mephitis open forests and grasslands C Western spotted skunk Spilogale gracilis mixed woodlands open areas and farmlands CL Hares and rabbits edit nbsp Snowshoe hare Order Lagomorpha Family Leporidae Snowshoe hare Lepus americanus coniferous forests C Shrews edit nbsp Masked shrew Order Soricomorpha Family Soricidae Dusky shrew Sorex monticolus higher elevation coniferous forests C Masked shrew Sorex cinereus coniferous forests meadows ponds and stream edges R American water shrew Sorex palustris stream edges U Vagrant shrew Sorex vagrans moist forests and grasslands marsh and stream edges C Trowbridge s shrew Sorex trowbridgii C Pacific marsh shrew Sorex bendirii near aquatic habitats C Moles edit Order Soricomorpha Family Talpidae American shrew mole Neurotrichus gibbsii damp forested or bushy areas CL Townsend s mole Scapanus townsendii open lowland and wooded areas A Snow mole Scapanus townsendii olympicus is one subspecies found in the park CL EN Coast mole Scapanus orarius forested and open areas with moist soils C Beaver edit Order Rodentia Family Castoridae Beaver Castor canadensis ponds streams lakes CL Family Aplodontiidae Mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa deciduous and coniferous forests C Squirrels edit nbsp Douglas squirrel Order Rodentia Family Sciuridae Douglas squirrel Tamiasciurus douglasi coniferous forests C Townsend s chipmunk Neotamias townsendii open forests brushy rocky areas C Olympic chipmunk Neotamias amoenus caunnus open forests brushy rocky areas CL EN Northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus coniferous forests nocturnal C Olympic marmot Marmota olympus alpine and subalpine meadows and talus slopes CL EN Pocket gophers edit Order Rodentia Family Geomyidae Mazama pocket gopher Thomomys mazama meadows U EN Rats edit Order Rodentia Family Muridae Norway rat Rattus norvegicus CL I Black rat Rattus rattus CL I Mice edit Order Rodentia Family Cricetidae Keen s mouse Peromyscus keeni forests grasslands alpine meadows C Jumping mice edit Order Rodentia Family Dipodidae Pacific jumping mouse Zapus trinotatus grasslands swamps C Muskrats voles and woodrats edit nbsp Muskrat Order Rodentia Family Cricetidae Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus streams lakes marshy areas CL Western heather vole Phenacomys intermedius coniferous forests alpine meadows CL Long tailed vole Microtus longicaudus coniferous forests grasslands U Southern red backed vole Myodes gapperi coniferous forests C Townsend s vole Microtus townsendii grasslands C Bushy tailed woodrat Neotoma cinerea rocky areas old buildings CL Porcupines edit Order Rodentia Family Erethizontidae North American porcupine Erethizon dorsatum coniferous forests R Bats edit nbsp Big brown bat Order Chiroptera Family Vespertilionidae Big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus coniferous forests often around buildings caves U Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus coniferous forests mostly nocturnal U Little brown bat Myotis lucifugus coniferous forests often around buildings caves nocturnal U Long eared bat Myotis evotis coniferous forests meadows nocturnal R Long legged bat Myotis volans coniferous forests meadows nocturnal R Silver haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans coniferous forests meadows nocturnal U Yuma myotis Myotis yumanensis C Keen s myotis Myotis keenii R California myotis Myotis californicus U Fringed myotis Myotis thysanodes U Townsend s big eared bat Corynorhinus townsendii RMarine mammals editThe coastal portion of Olympic National Park contains 73 miles 117 km of Pacific Ocean shoreline and abuts the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary 12 The following marine mammals are found in the waters off the beaches of the coastal section of the park Sea otter Enhydra lutris CL River otter Lutra canadensis C rocky intertidal Harbor seal Phoca vitulina A Northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus O Steller s sea lion Eumetopias jubatus U California sea lion Zalophus californianus U Northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris R Gray whale Eschrichtius robustus C spring and fall Minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata U summer and fall Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae U fall Harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena CL summer Orca or killer whale Orcinus orca U summer and fall Dall s porpoise Phocoenoides dalli U Pacific white sided dolphin Sagmatias obliquidens UFurther reading editIngles L G 1965 Mammals of the Pacific States California Oregon Washington Stanford University Eder Tamara 2002 Mammals of Washington and Oregon Lone Pine Publishing ISBN 1 55105 337 3 Dalquest Walter Woelber 1948 Mammals of Washington University of Kansas Press Notes edit Olympic National Park Terrestrial Mammal Species List National Park Service Retrieved 2011 12 22 Olympic National Park Marine Mammal Species List National Park Service Retrieved 2011 12 22 Mammals of Washington The Burke Museum of Natural History University of Washington Archived from the original on 2012 01 04 Retrieved 2011 12 12 Garshelis D L Crider D amp van Manen F 2008 Ursus americanus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008 Retrieved 27 January 2009 old form url coyote Definitions from Dictionary com prairie wolf The Columbia Encyclopedia Sixth Edition 2001 07 Archived 2008 10 16 at the Wayback Machine Canis latrans Animal Diversity Web Retrieved 2007 08 15 Michelle Lou The government is blindfolding mountain goats to fly them back to their native habitat in Washington CNN Retrieved 2019 08 19 Mountain Goat Capture and Translocation Olympic National Park U S National Park Service National Park Service Retrieved 2019 08 19 Nowak R 1992 Wolves The great travelers of evolution International Wolf 2 4 3 7 Fisher Reintroduction Olympic National Park U S National Park Service Olympic National Park Coastal ecosystem National Park Service Retrieved 2011 12 25 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mammals of Olympic National Park amp oldid 1156910461, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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