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List of mammals of Iraq

August 28, 2023

The list of mammals of Iraq comprises seventy-eight mammal species, of which one is endangered, eleven are vulnerable, and three are near threatened. One of the species is probably locally extinct in the wild.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the IUCN Red List:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) Edit

 
Roe deer

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Order: Carnivora Edit

 
Eurasian lynx
 
Persian leopard
 
Gray wolf
 
Marbled polecat

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Cetacea (whales) Edit

 
Bryde's whale
 
Risso's dolphin
 
False killer whale

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Chiroptera (bats) Edit

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) Edit

 
Long-eared hedgehog

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) Edit

 
European hare

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Rodentia Edit

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs) Edit

 
Dugongs

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons) Edit

 
Lesser white-toothed shrew

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Locally extinct Edit

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. ^ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2017). "Gazella marica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T8977A50187738.
  3. ^ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2017). "Gazella subgutturosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T8976A50187422.
  4. ^ Weinberg, P. & Ambarli, H. (2020). "Capra aegagrus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T3786A22145942.
  5. ^ Michel, S. & Ghoddousi, A. (2020). "Ovis gmelini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T54940218A22147055.
  6. ^ Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R. & Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386.
  7. ^ Lovari, S.; Lorenzini, R.; Masseti, M.; Pereladova, O.; Carden, R.F.; Brook, S.M. & Mattioli, S. (2019) [errata version of 2018 assessment]. "Cervus elaphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55997072A142404453. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
  8. ^ Keuling, O. & Leus, K. (2019). "Sus scrofa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41775A44141833.
  9. ^ Avgan, B.; Henschel, P. & Ghoddousi, A. (2016). "Caracal caracal". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T3847A102424310.
  10. ^ Gray, T.N.E.; Timmins, R.J.; Jathana, D.; Duckworth, J.W.; Baral, H. & Mukherjee, S. (2016). "Felis chaus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T8540A50651463.
  11. ^ Ghoddousi, A.; Belbachir, F.; Durant, S.M.; Herbst, M. & Rosen, T. (2022). "Felis lybica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T131299383A154907281. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T131299383A154907281.en.
  12. ^ Sliwa, A.; Ghadirian, T.; Appel, A.; Banfield, L.; Sher Shah, M. & Wacher, T. (2016). "Felis margarita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T8541A50651884.
  13. ^ Breitenmoser, U.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Lanz, T.; von Arx, M.; Antonevich, A.; Bao, W. & Avgan, B. (2015). "Lynx lynx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12519A121707666.
  14. ^ Stein, A. B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro, S.; Kamler, J.F. & Laguardia, A. (2016). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15954A160698029.
  15. ^ AbiSaid, M. & Dloniak, S.M.D. (2015). "Hyaena hyaena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T10274A45195080.
  16. ^ Jennings, A. & Veron, G. (2016). "Herpestes auropunctatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T70204120A70204139.
  17. ^ Hoffmann, M.; Arnold, J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Jhala, Y.; Kamler, J. F. & Krofel, M. (2018). "Canis aureus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T118264161A46194820.
  18. ^ Boitani, L.; Phillips, M. & Jhala, Y. (2018). "Canis lupus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T3746A119623865.
  19. ^ Mallon, D.; Murdoch, J.D. & Wacher, T. (2015). "Vulpes rueppelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T23053A46197483.
  20. ^ Hoffmann, M. & Sillero-Zubiri, C. (2016). "Vulpes vulpes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T23062A46190249.
  21. ^ McLellan, B. N.; Proctor, M. F.; Huber, D. & Michel, S. (2017). "Ursus arctos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T41688A121229971.
  22. ^ Roos, A.; Loy, A.; de Silva, P.; Hajkova, P. & Zemanová, B. (2015). "Lutra lutra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12419A21935287.
  23. ^ de Silva, P.; Khan, W.A.; Kanchanasaka, B.; Reza Lubis, I.; Feeroz, M. M. & Al-Sheikhly, O.F. (2015). "Lutrogale perspicillata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T12427A21934884.
  24. ^ Herrero, J.; Kranz, A.; Skumatov, D.; Abramov, A.V.; Maran, T. & Monakhov, V.G. (2016). "Martes martes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12848A45199169.
  25. ^ Do Linh San, E.; Begg, C.; Begg, K. & Abramov, A. V. (2016). "Mellivora capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41629A45210107.
  26. ^ Abramov, A.V.; Kranz, A. & Maran, T. (2016). "Vormela peregusna". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016.
  27. ^ Baird, R. W. (2018). "Pseudorca crassidens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T18596A145357488.
  28. ^ Juste, J. & Paunović, M. (2016). "Myotis blythii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T14124A22053297.
  29. ^ Hutson, A. M.; Spitzenberger, F.; Aulagnier, S.; Juste, J.; Karatas, A.; Palmeirim, J. & Paunovic, M. (2010). "Myotis capaccinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T14126A4399043.
  30. ^ Gazaryan, S.; Kruskop, S.V. & Godlevska, L. (2020). "Myotis nattereri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T85733032A22052584.
  31. ^ Benda, P.; Srinivasulu, C.; Srinivasulu, B. (2019). "Rhyneptesicus nasutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T7935A22117147.
  32. ^ Gazaryan, S.; Bücs, S. & Çoraman, E. (2020). "Miniopterus schreibersii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T81633057A151216401.
  33. ^ Benda, P. & Piraccini, R. (2016). "Tadarida teniotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T21311A22114995.
  34. ^ Juste, J. & Alcaldé, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus euryale". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19516A21971185.
  35. ^ Piraccini, R. (2016). "Rhinolophus ferrumequinum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19517A21973253.
  36. ^ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus hipposideros". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19518A21972794.
  37. ^ Alcaldé, J.; Benda, P. & Juste, J. (2016). "Rhinolophus mehelyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19519A21974380.
  38. ^ Johnston, C.H.; Robinson, T.J.; Child, M.F. & Relton, C. (2019). "Lepus capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41277A45186750.
  39. ^ Hacklande, K. & Schai-Braun, S. (2019). "Lepus europaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41280A45187424.
  40. ^ Amori, G.; Aulagnier, S.; Hutterer, R.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L.J. (2016). "Eliomys melanurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T7619A115085446.
  41. ^ Marsh, H. & Sobtzick, S. (2019). "Dugong dugon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T6909A160756767.
  42. ^ Hutterer, R.; Amori, G.; Krystufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Mitsain, G. & Palomo, L.J. (2010). "Crocidura suaveolens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T29656A9511068.
  43. ^ Durant, S.; Mitchell, N.; Ipavec, A. & Groom, R. (2015). "Acinonyx jubatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T219A50649567.
  44. ^ Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.; Haba, Mukhtar K.; Barbanera, Filippo; Csorba, Gábor; Harrison, David L. (August 2015). "Checklist of the Mammals of Iraq". Bonn Zoological Bulletin. 64: 33–58.
  45. ^ Rowley-Conwya, P.A.; Leggea, A.J. (September 1986). "The beaver (castor fiber L.) in the Tigris-Euphrates basin". Journal of Archaeological Science. 13 (5): 469–476. doi:10.1016/0305-4403(86)90016-6.
  46. ^ Werner, N.Y.; Rabiei, A.; Saltz, D.; Daujat, J. & Baker, K. (2016). "Dama mesopotamica (errata version)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T6232A97672550. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  47. ^ Kaczensky, P.; Lkhagvasuren, B.; Pereladova, O.; Hemami, M. & Bouskila, A. (2015). "Equus hemionus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T7951A45171204.
  48. ^ IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2017). "Oryx leucoryx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15569A50191626.
  49. ^ Bauer, H.; Packer, C.; Funston, P. F.; Henschel, P. & Nowell, K. (2016). "Panthera leo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15951A115130419.
  50. ^ Kock, D. (1990). "Historical record of a tiger, Panthera tigris (Linnaeus, 1758), in Iraq". Zoology in the Middle East. 4: 11–15. doi:10.1080/09397140.1990.10637583.
  51. ^ Hatt, R. T. (1959). The mammals of Iraq. Ann Arbor: Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan.

External links Edit

  • "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.

August 28, 2023
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The list of mammals of Iraq comprises seventy eight mammal species of which one is endangered eleven are vulnerable and three are near threatened One of the species is probably locally extinct in the wild 1 The following tags are used to highlight each species conservation status as assessed on the IUCN Red List EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species Contents 1 Order Artiodactyla even toed ungulates 2 Order Carnivora 3 Order Cetacea whales 4 Order Chiroptera bats 5 Order Erinaceomorpha hedgehogs and gymnures 6 Order Lagomorpha lagomorphs 7 Order Rodentia 8 Order Sirenia manatees and dugongs 9 Order Soricomorpha shrews moles and solenodons 10 Locally extinct 11 See also 12 References 13 External linksOrder Artiodactyla even toed ungulates Edit Roe deerThe even toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls There are about 220 artiodactyl species including many that are of great economic importance to humans Family Bovidae cattle antelope sheep goats Subfamily Antilopinae Genus Gazella Arabian sand gazelle G marica VU 2 Goitered gazelle G subgutturosa VU 3 presence uncertain Subfamily Caprinae Genus Capra Wild goat C aegagrus NT 4 Genus Ovis Mouflon O gmelini NT 5 Family Cervidae deer Subfamily Capreolinae Genus Capreolus Roe deer C capreolus LC 6 Subfamily Cervinae Genus Cervus Red deer C elaphus LC 7 Family Suidae pigs Genus Sus Wild boar S scrofa LC 8 Order Carnivora Edit Eurasian lynx Persian leopard Gray wolf Marbled polecatThere are over 260 species of carnivorans the majority of which feed primarily on meat They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition Suborder Feliformia Family Felidae cats Subfamily Felinae Genus Caracal Caracal C caracal LC 9 Genus Felis Jungle cat F chaus LC 10 African wildcat F lybica LC 11 Sand cat F margarita LC 12 Genus Lynx Eurasian lynx L lynx LC 13 Subfamily Pantherinae Genus Panthera Leopard P pardus VU Panthera pardus tulliana EN 14 Family Hyaenidae Genus Hyaena Striped hyena H hyaena LC 15 Family Herpestidae mongooses Genus Urva Small Indian mongoose U auropunctata LC 16 Suborder Caniformia Family Canidae Genus Canis Golden jackal C aureus LC 17 Persian jackal C a aureus Syrian jackal C a syriacus Gray wolf C lupus LC 18 Arabian wolf C l arabs Genus Vulpes Ruppell s fox V rueppellii LC 19 Red fox V vulpes LC 20 Family Ursidae bears Genus Ursus Brown bear U arctos LC 21 Syrian brown bear U a syriacus Family Mustelidae Genus Lutra Eurasian otter L lutra NT 22 Genus Lutrogale Smooth coated otter L perspicillata VU 23 Genus Martes European pine marten M martes LC 24 Genus Meles Caucasian badger M canescens NE Genus Mellivora Honey badger M capensis LC 25 Genus Vormela Marbled polecat V peregusna VU 26 Order Cetacea whales Edit Bryde s whale Risso s dolphin False killer whaleThe order Cetacea includes whales dolphins and porpoises They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle shaped nearly hairless body protected by a thick layer of blubber and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater Suborder Mysticeti Family Balaenopteridae Subfamily Balaenopterinae Genus Balaenoptera Bryde s whale B edeni DD Subfamily Megapterinae Genus Megaptera Humpback whale M novaeangliae VU Suborder Odontoceti Superfamily Platanistoidea Family Phocoenidae Genus Neophocaena Finless porpoise N phocaenoides DD Family Delphinidae marine dolphins Genus Grampus Risso s dolphin G griseus DD Genus Pseudorca False killer whale P crassidens NT 27 Genus Sousa Indo Pacific humpback dolphin S chinensis DDOrder Chiroptera bats EditThe bats most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings making them the only mammals capable of flight Bat species account for about 20 of all mammals Family Vespertilionidae Subfamily Myotinae Genus Myotis Lesser mouse eared bat M blythii LC 28 Long fingered bat M capaccinii VU 29 Natterer s bat M nattereri LC 30 Subfamily Vespertilioninae Genus Eptesicus Botta s serotine E bottae LC Northern bat E nilssoni LC Genus Otonycteris Desert long eared bat O hemprichii LC Genus Pipistrellus Kuhl s pipistrelle P kuhlii LC Ruppell s pipistrelle P rueppelli LC Genus Rhyneptesicus Sind bat R nasutus LC 31 Subfamily Miniopterinae Genus Miniopterus Common bent wing bat M schreibersii VU 32 Family Rhinopomatidae Genus Rhinopoma Lesser mouse tailed bat R hardwickei LC Greater mouse tailed bat R microphyllum LC Family Molossidae Genus Tadarida European free tailed bat T teniotis LC 33 Family Rhinolophidae Subfamily Rhinolophinae Genus Rhinolophus Mediterranean horseshoe bat R euryale NT 34 Greater horseshoe bat R ferrumequinum LC 35 Lesser horseshoe bat R hipposideros LC 36 Mehely s horseshoe bat R mehelyi VU 37 Order Erinaceomorpha hedgehogs and gymnures Edit Long eared hedgehogThe order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family Erinaceidae which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats Family Erinaceidae hedgehogs Subfamily Erinaceinae Genus Hemiechinus Long eared hedgehog H auritus LC Genus Paraechinus Desert hedgehog P aethiopicus LCOrder Lagomorpha lagomorphs Edit European hareThe lagomorphs comprise two families Leporidae hares and rabbits and Ochotonidae pikas Though they can resemble rodents and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century they have since been considered a separate order They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two Family Leporidae rabbits hares Genus Lepus Cape hare L capensis LC 38 European hare L europaeus LC 39 Order Rodentia EditRodents make up the largest order of mammals with over 40 of mammalian species They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg 99 lb Suborder Sciurognathi Family Sciuridae squirrels Subfamily Sciurinae Tribe Sciurini Genus Sciurus Caucasian squirrel S anomalus Family Gliridae dormice Subfamily Leithiinae Genus Dryomys Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula Genus Eliomys Asian garden dormouse E melanurus LC 40 Family Dipodidae jerboas Subfamily Allactaginae Genus Allactaga Euphrates jerboa Allactaga euphratica Family Spalacidae Subfamily Spalacinae Genus Nannospalax Palestine mole rat Nannospalax ehrenbergi LC Family Cricetidae Subfamily Cricetinae Genus Cricetulus Grey dwarf hamster Cricetulus migratorius Genus Mesocricetus Turkish hamster Mesocricetus brandti Subfamily Arvicolinae Genus Microtus Gunther s vole Microtus guentheri Persian vole Microtus irani Family Muridae mice rats voles gerbils hamsters Subfamily Deomyinae Genus Acomys Cairo spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus LC Subfamily Gerbillinae Genus Gerbillus Cheesman s gerbil Gerbillus cheesmani Wagner s gerbil Gerbillus dasyurus Gerbillus mesopotamiae Gerbillus nanus LC Genus Meriones Sundevall s jird Meriones crassus LC Libyan jird Meriones libycus LC Persian jird Meriones persicus Tristram s jird Meriones tristrami Genus Tatera Indian gerbil Tatera indica Subfamily Murinae Genus Apodemus Persian field mouse Apodemus arianus Broad toothed field mouse Apodemus mystacinus Black Sea field mouse Apodemus ponticus Genus Nesokia Bunn s short tailed bandicoot rat Nesokia bunnii Short tailed bandicoot rat Nesokia indica LCOrder Sirenia manatees and dugongs Edit DugongsSirenia is an order of fully aquatic herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers estuaries coastal marine waters swamps and marine wetlands All four species are endangered Family Dugongidae Genus Dugong Dugong D dugon VU 41 Order Soricomorpha shrews moles and solenodons Edit Lesser white toothed shrewThe shrew forms are insectivorous mammals The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers Family Soricidae shrews Subfamily Crocidurinae Genus Crocidura Bicolored shrew C leucodon LC Lesser white toothed shrew C suaveolens LC 42 Locally extinct EditThe following species are locally extinct in the country Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus 43 European bison Bison bonasus 44 Eurasian beaver Castor fiber 45 Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica 46 Onager Equus hemionus 47 Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx 48 Lion Panthera leo 49 Tiger Panthera tigris 50 51 See also EditList of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification Wildlife of IraqReferences Edit This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct since 1500 AD The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN Smithsonian Institution or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2017 Gazella marica IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T8977A50187738 IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2017 Gazella subgutturosa IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T8976A50187422 Weinberg P amp Ambarli H 2020 Capra aegagrus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020 e T3786A22145942 Michel S amp Ghoddousi A 2020 Ovis gmelini IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020 e T54940218A22147055 Lovari S Herrero J Masseti M Ambarli H Lorenzini R amp Giannatos G 2016 Capreolus capreolus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T42395A22161386 Lovari S Lorenzini R Masseti M Pereladova O Carden R F Brook S M amp Mattioli S 2019 errata version of 2018 assessment Cervus elaphus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T55997072A142404453 Retrieved 22 May 2020 Keuling O amp Leus K 2019 Sus scrofa IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T41775A44141833 Avgan B Henschel P amp Ghoddousi A 2016 Caracal caracal IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T3847A102424310 Gray T N E Timmins R J Jathana D Duckworth J W Baral H amp Mukherjee S 2016 Felis chaus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T8540A50651463 Ghoddousi A Belbachir F Durant S M Herbst M amp Rosen T 2022 Felis lybica IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022 e T131299383A154907281 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2022 1 RLTS T131299383A154907281 en Sliwa A Ghadirian T Appel A Banfield L Sher Shah M amp Wacher T 2016 Felis margarita IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T8541A50651884 Breitenmoser U Breitenmoser Wursten C Lanz T von Arx M Antonevich A Bao W amp Avgan B 2015 Lynx lynx IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T12519A121707666 Stein A B Athreya V Gerngross P Balme G Henschel P Karanth U Miquelle D Rostro S Kamler J F amp Laguardia A 2016 Panthera pardus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T15954A160698029 AbiSaid M amp Dloniak S M D 2015 Hyaena hyaena IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T10274A45195080 Jennings A amp Veron G 2016 Herpestes auropunctatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T70204120A70204139 Hoffmann M Arnold J Duckworth J W Jhala Y Kamler J F amp Krofel M 2018 Canis aureus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T118264161A46194820 Boitani L Phillips M amp Jhala Y 2018 Canis lupus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T3746A119623865 Mallon D Murdoch J D amp Wacher T 2015 Vulpes rueppelli IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T23053A46197483 Hoffmann M amp Sillero Zubiri C 2016 Vulpes vulpes IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T23062A46190249 McLellan B N Proctor M F Huber D amp Michel S 2017 Ursus arctos IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T41688A121229971 Roos A Loy A de Silva P Hajkova P amp Zemanova B 2015 Lutra lutra IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T12419A21935287 de Silva P Khan W A Kanchanasaka B Reza Lubis I Feeroz M M amp Al Sheikhly O F 2015 Lutrogale perspicillata IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T12427A21934884 Herrero J Kranz A Skumatov D Abramov A V Maran T amp Monakhov V G 2016 Martes martes IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T12848A45199169 Do Linh San E Begg C Begg K amp Abramov A V 2016 Mellivora capensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T41629A45210107 Abramov A V Kranz A amp Maran T 2016 Vormela peregusna IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 no identifier Baird R W 2018 Pseudorca crassidens IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T18596A145357488 Juste J amp Paunovic M 2016 Myotis blythii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T14124A22053297 Hutson A M Spitzenberger F Aulagnier S Juste J Karatas A Palmeirim J amp Paunovic M 2010 Myotis capaccinii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T14126A4399043 Gazaryan S Kruskop S V amp Godlevska L 2020 Myotis nattereri IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020 e T85733032A22052584 Benda P Srinivasulu C Srinivasulu B 2019 Rhyneptesicus nasutus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T7935A22117147 Gazaryan S Bucs S amp Coraman E 2020 Miniopterus schreibersii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020 e T81633057A151216401 Benda P amp Piraccini R 2016 Tadarida teniotis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T21311A22114995 Juste J amp Alcalde J 2016 Rhinolophus euryale IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T19516A21971185 Piraccini R 2016 Rhinolophus ferrumequinum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T19517A21973253 Taylor P 2016 Rhinolophus hipposideros IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T19518A21972794 Alcalde J Benda P amp Juste J 2016 Rhinolophus mehelyi IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T19519A21974380 Johnston C H Robinson T J Child M F amp Relton C 2019 Lepus capensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T41277A45186750 Hacklande K amp Schai Braun S 2019 Lepus europaeus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T41280A45187424 Amori G Aulagnier S Hutterer R Krystufek B Yigit N Mitsain G amp Palomo L J 2016 Eliomys melanurus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T7619A115085446 Marsh H amp Sobtzick S 2019 Dugong dugon IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T6909A160756767 Hutterer R Amori G Krystufek B Yigit N Mitsain G amp Palomo L J 2010 Crocidura suaveolens IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T29656A9511068 Durant S Mitchell N Ipavec A amp Groom R 2015 Acinonyx jubatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T219A50649567 Al Sheikhly Omar F Haba Mukhtar K Barbanera Filippo Csorba Gabor Harrison David L August 2015 Checklist of the Mammals of Iraq Bonn Zoological Bulletin 64 33 58 Rowley Conwya P A Leggea A J September 1986 The beaver castor fiber L in the Tigris Euphrates basin Journal of Archaeological Science 13 5 469 476 doi 10 1016 0305 4403 86 90016 6 Werner N Y Rabiei A Saltz D Daujat J amp Baker K 2016 Dama mesopotamica errata version IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T6232A97672550 Retrieved 6 October 2020 Kaczensky P Lkhagvasuren B Pereladova O Hemami M amp Bouskila A 2015 Equus hemionus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T7951A45171204 IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group 2017 Oryx leucoryx IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T15569A50191626 Bauer H Packer C Funston P F Henschel P amp Nowell K 2016 Panthera leo IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T15951A115130419 Kock D 1990 Historical record of a tiger Panthera tigris Linnaeus 1758 in Iraq Zoology in the Middle East 4 11 15 doi 10 1080 09397140 1990 10637583 Hatt R T 1959 The mammals of Iraq Ann Arbor Museum of Zoology University of Michigan External links Edit Animal Diversity Web University of Michigan Museum of Zoology 1995 2006 Retrieved 22 May 2007 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of mammals of Iraq amp oldid 1102654678, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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