Cervinae

The Cervinae or the Old World deer, are a subfamily of deer. Alternatively, they are known as the plesiometacarpal deer, due to their ankle structure being different from the telemetacarpal deer of the Capreolinae.

Cervinae Temporal range: Late Miocene to recent ~11.63–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Père David's Deer (Elaphurus davidianus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Artiodactyla
Family:	Cervidae
Subfamily:	Cervinae Goldfuss, 1820
Genera
Elaphodus Muntiacus Dama Axis Rucervus Elaphurus Rusa Cervus

Classification and species

The following species are recognised in extant genera:^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

• Tribe Muntiacini
  • Genus Elaphodus
    • Tufted deer (E. cephalophus)
  • Genus Muntiacus
    • Bornean yellow muntjac (M. atherodes)
    • Hairy-fronted muntjac (M. crinifrons)
    • Fea's muntjac (M. feae)
    • Gongshan muntjac (M. gongshanensis)
    • Indian muntjac (M. muntjak)
    • Sumatran muntjac (M. montanum)
    • Pu Hoat muntjac (M. puhoatensis)
    • Leaf muntjac (M. putaoensis)
    • Reeves's muntjac (M. reevesi)
    • Roosevelt's muntjac (M. rooseveltorum)
    • Truong Son muntjac or Annamite muntjac (M. truongsonensis)
    • Giant muntjac (M. vuquangensis)
• Tribe Cervini ("true" deer)
  • Genus Dama
    • Common fallow deer (D. dama)
    • Persian fallow deer (D. mesopotamica)
  • Genus Axis
    • Chital (A. axis)
    • Calamian deer (A. calamianensis)
    • Bawean deer (A. kuhlii)
    • Indian hog deer (A. porcinus)
  • Genus Rucervus
    • Barasingha (R. duvaucelii)
    • Eld's deer (R. eldii)
    • †Schomburgk's deer (R. schomburgki)
  • Genus Elaphurus
    • Père David's deer (E. davidianus)
  • Genus Rusa
    • Visayan spotted deer or Prince Alfred's deer (R. alfredi)
    • Philippine deer or Philippine sambar (R. mariannus)
    • Javan rusa deer (R. timorensis)
    • Sambar (R. unicolor)
  • Genus Cervus
    • Thorold's deer (C. albirostris)
    • Elk or American wapiti (C. canadensis)
    • Red deer (C. elaphus)
    • Central Asian red deer (C. hanglu)
    • Sika deer (C. nippon)

Extinct genera

• †Amphiprox
• †Candiacervus
• †Cervavitus
• †Croizetoceros
• †Dicrocerus
• †Eucladoceros
• †Euprox
• †Haploidoceros
• †Heteroprox
• †Megaceroides
• †Megaloceros
• †Praemegaceros
• †Pseudodama
• †Sinomegaceros

References

1. Randi, E.; Mucci, N.; et al. (February 2001). "A mitochondrial DNA control region phylogeny of the Cervinae: speciation in Cervus and implications for conservation". Animal Conservation. 4 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1017/S1367943001001019. S2CID 86572236.
2. Pitraa, C.; Fickel, J.; et al. (December 2004). "Evolution and phylogeny of old world deer". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (3): 880–895. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.07.013. PMID 15522810.
3. Alvarez D. (2007)^{[full citation needed]}
4. Duarte, J.M.B.; González, S.; Maldonado, J.E. (October 2008). "The surprising evolutionary history of South American deer". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 49 (1): 17–22. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.009. PMID 18675919.
5. . Archived from the original on 2012-12-01. Retrieved 2013-01-23.