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List of mammals of Eritrea

January 20, 2023

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Eritrea. Of the mammal species in Eritrea, one is critically endangered, two are endangered, ten are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)

The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

 
African bush elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

Order: Primates

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. ^ Gobush, K.S.; Edwards, C.T.T.; Maisels, F.; Wittemyer, G.; Balfour, D.; Taylor, R.D. (2021). "Loxodonta cyclotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T181007989A204404464. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T181007989A204404464.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  3. ^ Benda, P. (2017). "Rhinopoma cystops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T82345555A82345569.
  4. ^ Taylor, P. (2016). "Rhinolophus blasii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T19515A21972073.
  5. ^ Do Linh San, E.; Begg, C.; Begg, K. & Abramov, A.V. (2016). "Mellivora capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41629A45210107. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41629A45210107.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  6. ^ Lewison, R.; Pluháček, J. (2017). "Hippopotamus amphibius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T10103A18567364. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T10103A18567364.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

References

  • "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Eritrea". IUCN. 2001. Retrieved 22 May 2007.[dead link]
  • . Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
  • "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.

January 20, 2023
list, mammals, eritrea, this, list, mammal, species, recorded, eritrea, mammal, species, eritrea, critically, endangered, endangered, vulnerable, three, near, threatened, following, tags, used, highlight, each, species, conservation, status, assessed, internat. This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Eritrea Of the mammal species in Eritrea one is critically endangered two are endangered ten are vulnerable and three are near threatened 1 The following tags are used to highlight each species conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories LR cd Lower risk conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued LR nt Lower risk near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes LR lc Lower risk least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks Contents 1 Order Tubulidentata aardvarks 2 Order Hyracoidea hyraxes 3 Order Proboscidea elephants 4 Order Sirenia manatees and dugongs 5 Order Primates 6 Order Rodentia rodents 7 Order Lagomorpha lagomorphs 8 Order Erinaceomorpha hedgehogs and gymnures 9 Order Soricomorpha shrews moles and solenodons 10 Order Chiroptera bats 11 Order Cetacea whales 12 Order Carnivora carnivorans 13 Order Perissodactyla odd toed ungulates 14 Order Artiodactyla even toed ungulates 15 See also 16 Notes 17 ReferencesOrder Tubulidentata aardvarks Edit Aardvark The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species the aardvark Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced Family Orycteropodidae Genus Orycteropus Aardvark O afer LCOrder Hyracoidea hyraxes Edit Cape hyrax The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small thickset herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea About the size of a domestic cat they are well furred with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail They are native to Africa and the Middle East Family Procaviidae hyraxes Genus Heterohyrax Yellow spotted rock hyrax Heterohyrax brucei LC Genus Procavia Cape hyrax Procavia capensis LCOrder Proboscidea elephants Edit African bush elephant The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals Family Elephantidae elephants Genus Loxodonta African bush elephant L africana EN 2 Order Sirenia manatees and dugongs Edit Dugongs Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers estuaries coastal marine waters swamps and marine wetlands All four species are endangered Family Dugongidae Genus Dugong Dugong Dugong dugon VUOrder Primates Edit Mantled guereza The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives lemurs lorisoids tarsiers monkeys and apes Suborder Strepsirrhini Infraorder Lemuriformes Superfamily Lorisoidea Family Galagidae Genus Galago Senegal bushbaby Galago senegalensis LR lc Suborder Haplorhini Infraorder Simiiformes Parvorder Catarrhini Superfamily Cercopithecoidea Family Cercopithecidae Old World monkeys Genus Chlorocebus Grivet Chlorocebus aethiops LR lc Genus Papio Olive baboon Papio anubis LR lc Hamadryas baboon Papio hamadryas LR nt Genus Theropithecus Gelada Theropithecus gelada LR nt Subfamily Colobinae Genus Colobus Mantled guereza Colobus guereza LR lcOrder Rodentia rodents EditRodents make up the largest order of mammals with over 40 of mammalian species They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg 99 lb Suborder Hystricognathi Family Hystricidae Old World porcupines Genus Hystrix Crested porcupine Hystrix cristata LC Suborder Sciurognathi Family Sciuridae squirrels Subfamily Xerinae Tribe Xerini Genus Xerus Striped ground squirrel Xerus erythropus LC Unstriped ground squirrel Xerus rutilus LC Tribe Protoxerini Genus Heliosciurus Gambian sun squirrel Heliosciurus gambianus LC Family Gliridae dormice Subfamily Graphiurinae Genus Graphiurus Small eared dormouse Graphiurus microtis LC Family Dipodidae jerboas Subfamily Dipodinae Genus Jaculus Lesser Egyptian jerboa Jaculus jaculus LC Family Cricetidae Subfamily Lophiomyinae Genus Lophiomys Maned rat Lophiomys imhausi LC Family Muridae mice rats voles gerbils hamsters etc Subfamily Deomyinae Genus Acomys Mullah spiny mouse Acomys mullah LC Subfamily Gerbillinae Genus Gerbillus Somalia gerbil Gerbillus dunni DD Genus Tatera Fringe tailed gerbil Tatera robusta LC Subfamily Murinae Genus Arvicanthis Abyssinian grass rat Arvicanthis abyssinicus LC African grass rat Arvicanthis niloticus LC Genus Mus Delicate mouse Mus tenellus LC Genus Stenocephalemys Ethiopian white footed mouse Stenocephalemys albipes LC Family Ctenodactylidae Genus Pectinator Speke s pectinator Pectinator spekei DDOrder Lagomorpha lagomorphs EditThe lagomorphs comprise two families Leporidae hares and rabbits and Ochotonidae pikas Though they can resemble rodents and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century they have since been considered a separate order They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two Family Leporidae rabbits hares Genus Lepus Cape hare Lepus capensis LR lcOrder Erinaceomorpha hedgehogs and gymnures EditThe order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family Erinaceidae which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats Family Erinaceidae hedgehogs Subfamily Erinaceinae Genus Hemiechinus Desert hedgehog Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR lcOrder Soricomorpha shrews moles and solenodons EditThe shrew forms are insectivorous mammals The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers Family Soricidae shrews Subfamily Crocidurinae Genus Crocidura Savanna shrew Crocidura fulvastra LC Mauritanian shrew Crocidura lusitania LC Savanna path shrew Crocidura viaria LCOrder Chiroptera bats EditThe bats most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings making them the only mammals capable of flight Bat species account for about 20 of all mammals Family Pteropodidae flying foxes Old World fruit bats Subfamily Pteropodinae Genus Eidolon Straw coloured fruit bat Eidolon helvum LC Genus Epomophorus Ethiopian epauletted fruit bat Epomophorus labiatus LC Genus Rousettus Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus LC Family Vespertilionidae Subfamily Vespertilioninae Genus Barbastella Asian barbastelle Barbastella leucomelas LR lc Genus Eptesicus Botta s serotine Eptesicus bottae LC Genus Neoromicia Cape serotine Neoromicia capensis LC Banana pipistrelle Neoromicia nanus LC Somali serotine Neoromicia somalicus LC Genus Nycticeinops Schlieffen s bat Nycticeinops schlieffeni LC Genus Plecotus Ethiopian big eared bat Plecotus balensis VU Genus Scotophilus African yellow bat Scotophilus dinganii LC Family Rhinopomatidae Genus Rhinopoma Egyptian mouse tailed bat R cystops LC 3 Lesser mouse tailed bat Rhinopoma hardwickei LC Greater mouse tailed bat Rhinopoma microphyllum LC Family Molossidae Genus Chaerephon Spotted free tailed bat Chaerephon bivittata LC Little free tailed bat Chaerephon pumila LC Genus Mops Midas free tailed bat Mops midas LC Genus Tadarida African giant free tailed bat Tadarida ventralis NT Family Emballonuridae Genus Coleura African sheath tailed bat Coleura afra LC Genus Taphozous Naked rumped tomb bat Taphozous nudiventris LC Family Nycteridae Genus Nycteris Egyptian slit faced bat Nycteris thebaica LC Family Megadermatidae Genus Cardioderma Heart nosed bat Cardioderma cor LC Genus Lavia Yellow winged bat Lavia frons LC Family Rhinolophidae Subfamily Rhinolophinae Genus Rhinolophus Blasius s horseshoe bat R blasii LC 4 Geoffroy s horseshoe bat Rhinolophus clivosus LC Ruppell s horseshoe bat Rhinolophus fumigatus LC Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC Subfamily Hipposiderinae Genus Asellia Patrizi s trident leaf nosed bat Asellia patrizii VU Trident leaf nosed bat Asellia tridens LC Genus Hipposideros Sundevall s roundleaf bat Hipposideros caffer LC Ethiopian large eared roundleaf bat Hipposideros megalotis NTOrder Cetacea whales Edit Spinner dolphins The order Cetacea includes whales dolphins and porpoises They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle shaped nearly hairless body protected by a thick layer of blubber and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater Suborder Odontoceti Superfamily Platanistoidea Family Delphinidae marine dolphins Genus Delphinus Long beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis DD Genus Globicephala Short finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhyncus DD Genus Grampus Risso s dolphin Grampus griseus DD Genus Orcinus Killer whale Orcinus orca DD Genus Sousa Indian humpback dolphin Sousa plumbea DD Genus Stenella Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata DD Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba DD Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris DD Genus Steno Rough toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis DD Genus Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus Indo Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops aduncus Superfamily Ziphioidea Family Ziphidae beaked whales Genus Indopacetus Tropical bottlenose whale Indopacetus pacificus DD Genus Mesoplodon Ginkgo toothed beaked whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD Blainville s beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris DDOrder Carnivora carnivorans Edit Sudan cheetah African leopard Spotted hyena African golden wolf African wild dog There are over 260 species of carnivorans the majority of which feed primarily on meat They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition Suborder Feliformia Family Felidae cats Subfamily Felinae Genus Acinonyx Species Acinonyx jubatus VU Genus Caracal Caracal Caracal caracal LC Genus Felis African wildcat Felis lybica LC Genus Leptailurus Serval Leptailurus serval LC Subfamily Pantherinae Genus Panthera Species Panthera leo VU Species Panthera pardus NT African leopard P p pardus Family Hyaenidae hyaenas Genus Crocuta Spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta LR cd Genus Hyaena Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena LR nt Genus Proteles Aardwolf Proteles cristatus LR lc Suborder Caniformia Family Canidae dogs foxes Genus Vulpes Pale fox Vulpes pallida DD Genus Canis African golden wolf Canis lupaster LC Black backed jackal Canis mesomelas LC Genus Lycaon Genus Lycaon African wild dog L pictus EN extirpated Family Mustelidae mustelids Genus Ictonyx Striped polecat Ictonyx striatus LR lc Genus Mellivora Honey badger Mellivora capensis LC 5 Genus Hydrictis Speckle throated otter Hydrictis maculicollis LC Genus Aonyx African clawless otter Aonyx capensis LCOrder Perissodactyla odd toed ungulates EditThe odd toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals They are usually large to very large and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe Family Equidae horses etc Genus Equus African wild ass E africanus CR Somali wild ass E a somaliensis CROrder Artiodactyla even toed ungulates Edit Red fronted gazelle The even toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls There are about 220 artiodactyl species including many that are of great economic importance to humans Family Suidae pigs Subfamily Phacochoerinae Genus Phacochoerus Desert warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus LR lc Common warthog Phacochoerus africanus LR lc Family Giraffidae giraffe okapi Genus Giraffa Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis VU extirpated Family Bovidae cattle antelope sheep goats Subfamily Alcelaphinae Genus Alcelaphus Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus LC possibly extirpated Subfamily Antilopinae Genus Gazella Dorcas gazelle Gazella dorcas VU Red fronted gazelle Gazella rufifrons VU Soemmerring s gazelle Gazella soemmerringii VU Genus Madoqua Salt s dik dik Madoqua saltiana LR lc Genus Oreotragus Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus LR cd Genus Ourebia Oribi Ourebia ourebi LR cd Subfamily Bovinae Genus Syncerus African buffalo S caffer NT extirpated Genus Tragelaphus Greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros LR cd Subfamily Hippotraginae Genus Hippotragus Roan antelope H equinus LC extirpated Genus Oryx East African oryx Oryx beisa EN possibly extirpated Family Hippopotamidae hippopotamuses Genus Hippopotamus Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius VU extirpated 6 See also EditList of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000sNotes Edit This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct since 1500 AD The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN Smithsonian Institution or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available Gobush K S Edwards C T T Maisels F Wittemyer G Balfour D Taylor R D 2021 Loxodonta cyclotis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021 e T181007989A204404464 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2021 1 RLTS T181007989A204404464 en Retrieved 18 November 2021 Benda P 2017 Rhinopoma cystops IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T82345555A82345569 Taylor P 2016 Rhinolophus blasii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T19515A21972073 Do Linh San E Begg C Begg K amp Abramov A V 2016 Mellivora capensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T41629A45210107 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 1 RLTS T41629A45210107 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 Lewison R Pluhacek J 2017 Hippopotamus amphibius IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T10103A18567364 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2017 2 RLTS T10103A18567364 en Retrieved 18 November 2021 References Edit The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Mammals of Eritrea IUCN 2001 Retrieved 22 May 2007 dead link Mammal Species of the World Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History 2005 Archived from the original on 27 April 2007 Retrieved 22 May 2007 Animal Diversity Web University of Michigan Museum of Zoology 1995 2006 Retrieved 22 May 2007 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of mammals of Eritrea amp oldid 1132298147, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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