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Lifestyle medicine

February 15, 2024

Lifestyle medicine (LM) is a branch of medicine focused on preventive healthcare and self-care dealing with prevention, research, education, and treatment of disorders caused by lifestyle factors and preventable causes of death such as nutrition, physical inactivity, chronic stress, and self-destructive behaviors including the consumption of tobacco products and drug or alcohol abuse.[1] The goal of LM is to improve individuals' health and wellbeing by applying the 6 pillars of lifestyle medicine (nutrition, regular physical activity, restorative sleep, stress management, avoidance of risky substances, and positive social connection) to prevent chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity.[1][2] By focusing on these 6 areas to improve health, LM can prevent 80% of chronic illnesses and non-communicable diseases (NCD).[3]

Lifestyle Medicine
The focus of Lifestyle Medicine is on these 6 pillars.
Focusnutrition, sleep, physical activity, stress management, tobacco/alcohol cessation, and healthy relationships..
Significant diseases
SpecialistLifestyle medicine physician

Lifestyle medicine focuses on educating and motivating patients to improve the quality of their lives by changing personal habits and behaviors around the use of healthier diets which minimize ultra-processed foods such as a Mediterranean diet or whole food, plant-predominant dietary patterns. Poor lifestyle choices like dietary patterns, physical inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol addiction and dependence, drug addiction and dependence, as well as psychosocial factors, e.g. chronic stress and lack of social support and community, contribute to chronic disease.[1][4][5] In the clinic, major barriers to lifestyle counseling are that physicians feel ill-prepared and are skeptical about their patients' receptivity.[6] However, by encouraging healthy decisions, illnesses can be better managed, reversed, or prevented in the long term.

Characteristics edit

Lifestyle Medicine in Practice

The evidence that the body will heal itself when the factors that cause disease are removed is clear.[7][8] Diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes that were once thought to be irreversible have been reversed by lifestyle interventions.[9][10][11] Lifestyle interventions require behavior changes that may be challenging for health professionals, communities, and patients. The task of the LM practitioner is to motivate and support healthy behavior changes through evidence-based holistic approaches to prevent and reverse chronic conditions. LM emphasizes personalized care and uses patient-centered approaches such as goal-setting, shared decision-making, and self-management. Coaching patients how to cook healthy food at home, for example, can be part of a lifestyle-oriented medical practice.[12] Focusing on the health needs of an individual includes looking at the person's social and economic needs, as well.[citation needed]

LM uses behavioral science to equip and encourage patients to make lifestyle changes. There are many theories of behavior change; the transtheoretical model is particularly suited to lifestyle medicine. It posits that individuals progress through six stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination.[13][14] Stage-matched interventions are most likely to result in successful behavior changes. LM practitioners are encouraged to adopt counseling methods such as motivational interviewing (MI) to identify patient readiness to change and provide stage appropriate lifestyle interventions.[15] These skills have shown to be more effective than giving advice like "Exercise more and eat healthy".[16] LM physicians provide the tools and resources necessary to empower people to manage their own healthcare and give them the confidence to live a healthy life.[citation needed]

LM is similar to preventive medicine in that it also bridges the gap between conventional medicine and public health. LM interventions such as behavioral change counseling are used in adjunct with pharmacotherapy.[17] Like all of medicine, LM promotes healthy lifestyle choices to prevent and treat diseases. Overall wellness and self-management are a crucial components of lifestyle medicine and enforce the idea of living healthier through behavioral change. Health promotion is the foundation of LM and encourages individuals to participate in their own care and well-being.[18]

Levels of Lifestyle Medicine

LM may be practiced on three levels. The first level involves recognition by all healthcare professionals that lifestyle choices determine health status and are important modifiers of the response to pharmaceutical and/or surgical treatments. All practitioners are encouraged to include lifestyle advice along with standard treatment protocols. The second level is specialty care (e.g., Exercise medicine and Physiatry) in which LM interventions are the focus of treatment and pharmaceutical and/or surgical treatments are an adjunct to be used as necessary.[19] The third level is population/community health programs and policies. Lifestyle intervention advice should be included in public health/preventive medicine guidance and policies for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.[20]

Interprofessional Education/Collaboration in Lifestyle Medicine Practice

Healthcare professionals and their future patients would benefit if the basics of LM were incorporated into all professional training programs. Formal training and personal experience of evidence-based lifestyle interventions such as plant-based nutrition, stress management, physical activity, sleep management, relationship skills, and substance abuse mitigation would transform the American healthcare system. LM is uniquely suited to interprofessional education in which students from two or more healthcare professions learn together during professional training with the objective of cultivating collaborative practice of patient-centered care.[21][22][23][24] Physicians and other healthcare providers should feel comfortable talking with their patient about behavioral lifestyle changes and assessing needs in determinants of health. Engaging patients in these conversations can better help them achieve their lifestyle and healthcare goals.[citation needed]

There are many educational pathways to becoming an expert in LM. Physicians can become certified or accredited from the International Board of Lifestyle Medicine (IBLM), American Board of Lifestyle Medicine (ABLM), and British Society of Lifestyle Medicine (BSLM).[25][26][27][28][29] The Lifestyle Medicine Global Alliance (LMGA) is an organization that connects LM professionals from nations around the world to collaborate, share resources, and create solutions to preventing and reversing non-communicable and chronic diseases.[30]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Mechanick, Jeffrey I.; Kushner, Robert F., eds. (2016). "The Importance of Healthy Living and Defining Lifestyle Medicine". Lifestyle Medicine: A Manual for Clinical Practice. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature. pp. 9–15. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24687-1. ISBN 978-3-319-24685-7. S2CID 29205050.
  2. ^ Lifestyle Medicine. Wiley. doi:10.1002/(issn)2688-3740.
  3. ^ Katz, David L.; Frates, Elizabeth P.; Bonnet, Jonathan P.; Gupta, Sanjay K.; Vartiainen, Erkki; Carmona, Richard H. (July 2018). "Lifestyle as Medicine: The Case for a True Health Initiative". American Journal of Health Promotion. 32 (6): 1452–1458. doi:10.1177/0890117117705949. ISSN 0890-1171.
  4. ^ Kvaavik, Elisabeth (April 2010). "Influence of Individual and Combined Health Behaviors on Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Men and Women: The United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey". JAMA Internal Medicine. 170 (8): 711–8. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.76. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30131641. PMID 20421558. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
  5. ^ Sagner, Michael (October 2014). "Lifestyle medicine potential for reversing a world of chronic disease epidemics: from cell to community". International Journal of Clinical Practice. 68 (11): 1289–1292. doi:10.1111/ijcp.12509. PMID 25348380.
  6. ^ Hivert, Marie-France; Arena, Ross; Forman, Daniel E.; Kris-Etherton, Penny M.; McBride, Patrick E.; Pate, Russell R.; Spring, Bonnie; Trilk, Jennifer; Horn, Linda V. Van; Kraus, William E.; Health, On behalf of the American Heart Association Physical Activity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic; the Behavior Change Committee, a joint committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health and the Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; the Exercise, Cardiac Rehabilitation; Nursing, and the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke (1 January 2016). "Medical Training to Achieve Competency in Lifestyle Counseling: An Essential Foundation for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Other Chronic Medical Conditions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 134 (15): e308–e327. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000442. ISSN 0009-7322. PMID 27601568. S2CID 7847964.
  7. ^ Esselstyn, Caldwell B. (2017-05-28). "A plant-based diet and coronary artery disease: a mandate for effective therapy". Journal of Geriatric Cardiology. 14 (5): 317–320. doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.004. PMC 5466936. PMID 28630609.
  8. ^ Ornish, D.; Brown, S.E.; Billings, J.H.; Scherwitz, L.W.; Armstrong, W.T.; Ports, T.A.; McLanahan, S.M.; Kirkeeide, R.L.; Gould, K.L.; Brand, R.J. (July 1990). "Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease?". The Lancet. 336 (8708): 129–133. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91656-U. PMID 1973470. S2CID 4513736.
  9. ^ Ornish, Dean (1998-12-16). "Intensive Lifestyle Changes for Reversal of Coronary Heart Disease". JAMA. 280 (23): 2001–7. doi:10.1001/jama.280.23.2001. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 9863851.
  10. ^ Davis, Brenda C.; Jamshed, Humaira; Peterson, Courtney M.; Sabaté, Joan; Harris, Ralph D.; Koratkar, Rohit; Spence, Jamie W.; Kelly, John H. (2019-06-05). "An Intensive Lifestyle Intervention to Treat Type 2 Diabetes in the Republic of the Marshall Islands: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial". Frontiers in Nutrition. 6: 79. doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00079. ISSN 2296-861X. PMC 6560078. PMID 31231656.
  11. ^ Sandefur, Kelsea; Kahleova, Hana; Desmond, Alan N.; Elfrink, Eden; Barnard, Neal D. (2019-06-20). "Crohn's Disease Remission with a Plant-Based Diet: A Case Report". Nutrients. 11 (6): 1385. doi:10.3390/nu11061385. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 6628285. PMID 31226766.
  12. ^ Polak, R; Phillips, EM; Nordgren, J; La Puma, J; La Barba, J; Cucuzzella, M; Graham, R; Harlan, TS; Burg, T; Eisenberg, D (January 2016). "Health-related Culinary Education: A Summary of Representative Emerging Programs for Health Professionals and Patients". Global Advances in Health and Medicine. 5 (1): 61–8. doi:10.7453/gahmj.2015.128. PMC 4756781. PMID 26937315.
  13. ^ Prochaska, James O.; Velicer, Wayne F. (September 1997). "The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change". American Journal of Health Promotion. 12 (1): 38–48. doi:10.4278/0890-1171-12.1.38. ISSN 0890-1171. PMID 10170434. S2CID 46879746.
  14. ^ Norcross, John C.; Krebs, Paul M.; Prochaska, James O. (February 2011). "Stages of change". Journal of Clinical Psychology. 67 (2): 143–154. doi:10.1002/jclp.20758. PMID 21157930.
  15. ^ Resnicow, Ken; McMaster, Fiona (2012). "Motivational Interviewing: moving from why to how with autonomy support". International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 9 (1): 19. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-9-19. ISSN 1479-5868. PMC 3330017. PMID 22385702.
  16. ^ "What is Lifestyle Medicine? - Find Out From British Society of Lifestyle Medicine". British Society of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  17. ^ "What is Lifestyle Medicine? - The European Lifestyle Medicine Organization". www.eulm.org (in Greek). Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  18. ^ Yeh, Byung-Il; Kong, In Deok (March 2013). "The Advent of Lifestyle Medicine". Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 3 (1): 1–8. ISSN 2234-8549. PMC 4390753. PMID 26064831.
  19. ^ Phillips, Edward M.; Frates, Elizabeth P.; Park, David J. (2020-11-01). "Lifestyle Medicine". Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America. Integrative Medicine and Rehabilitation. 31 (4): 515–526. doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2020.07.006. ISSN 1047-9651.
  20. ^ Lianov, Liana (2010-07-14). "Physician Competencies for Prescribing Lifestyle Medicine". JAMA. 304 (2): 202–3. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.903. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 20628134.
  21. ^ Urkin, Jacob; Merrick, Joav (March 2008). "The Principles and Framework for Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Primary Health Care". Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities. 5 (1): 75. doi:10.1111/j.1741-1130.2007.00144.x. ISSN 1741-1122.
  22. ^ Dow, Alan W.; DiazGranados, Deborah; Mazmanian, Paul E.; Retchin, Sheldon M. (July 2013). "Applying Organizational Science to Health Care: A Framework for Collaborative Practice". Academic Medicine. 88 (7): 952–957. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31829523d1. ISSN 1040-2446. PMC 3695060. PMID 23702530.
  23. ^ Meleis, Afaf I. (January 2016). "Interprofessional Education: A Summary of Reports and Barriers to Recommendations: Interprofessional Education". Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 48 (1): 106–112. doi:10.1111/jnu.12184. PMID 26642299.
  24. ^ Godin, Isabelle; Kittel, France; Coppieters, Yves; Siegrist, Johannes (December 2005). "A prospective study of cumulative job stress in relation to mental health". BMC Public Health. 5 (1): 67. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-5-67. ISSN 1471-2458. PMC 1177967. PMID 15958170.
  25. ^ "Home". American Board of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  26. ^ "Core Accreditation". British Society of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  27. ^ "Certification". American College of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  28. ^ "Board Certification". Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  29. ^ "Lifestyle Medicine Certification". International Board of Lifestyle Medicine. Retrieved 2023-03-15.
  30. ^ "Lifestyle Medicine Global Alliance - About the Global Alliance". Lifestyle Medicine Global Alliance. 2016-04-19. Retrieved 2023-03-15.

Further reading edit

  • Hu, Frank; Cheung, Lilian; Otis, Brett; Oliveira, Nancy; Musicus, Aviva, eds. (19 January 2021). "The Nutrition Source – Healthy Living Guide 2020/2021: A Digest on Healthy Eating and Healthy Living". www.hsph.harvard.edu. Boston: Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. from the original on 5 October 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2021.

February 15, 2024
lifestyle, medicine, branch, medicine, focused, preventive, healthcare, self, care, dealing, with, prevention, research, education, treatment, disorders, caused, lifestyle, factors, preventable, causes, death, such, nutrition, physical, inactivity, chronic, st. Lifestyle medicine LM is a branch of medicine focused on preventive healthcare and self care dealing with prevention research education and treatment of disorders caused by lifestyle factors and preventable causes of death such as nutrition physical inactivity chronic stress and self destructive behaviors including the consumption of tobacco products and drug or alcohol abuse 1 The goal of LM is to improve individuals health and wellbeing by applying the 6 pillars of lifestyle medicine nutrition regular physical activity restorative sleep stress management avoidance of risky substances and positive social connection to prevent chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases diabetes metabolic syndrome and obesity 1 2 By focusing on these 6 areas to improve health LM can prevent 80 of chronic illnesses and non communicable diseases NCD 3 Lifestyle MedicineThe focus of Lifestyle Medicine is on these 6 pillars Focusnutrition sleep physical activity stress management tobacco alcohol cessation and healthy relationships Significant diseasesNon communicable diseases NCD Lifestyle related diseases LRD Chronic illnessesHypertensionCardiovascular diseasesDiabetesObesityMetabolic syndromeSubstance useSpecialistLifestyle medicine physicianLifestyle medicine focuses on educating and motivating patients to improve the quality of their lives by changing personal habits and behaviors around the use of healthier diets which minimize ultra processed foods such as a Mediterranean diet or whole food plant predominant dietary patterns Poor lifestyle choices like dietary patterns physical inactivity tobacco use alcohol addiction and dependence drug addiction and dependence as well as psychosocial factors e g chronic stress and lack of social support and community contribute to chronic disease 1 4 5 In the clinic major barriers to lifestyle counseling are that physicians feel ill prepared and are skeptical about their patients receptivity 6 However by encouraging healthy decisions illnesses can be better managed reversed or prevented in the long term Contents 1 Characteristics 2 See also 3 References 4 Further readingCharacteristics editLifestyle Medicine in PracticeThe evidence that the body will heal itself when the factors that cause disease are removed is clear 7 8 Diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes that were once thought to be irreversible have been reversed by lifestyle interventions 9 10 11 Lifestyle interventions require behavior changes that may be challenging for health professionals communities and patients The task of the LM practitioner is to motivate and support healthy behavior changes through evidence based holistic approaches to prevent and reverse chronic conditions LM emphasizes personalized care and uses patient centered approaches such as goal setting shared decision making and self management Coaching patients how to cook healthy food at home for example can be part of a lifestyle oriented medical practice 12 Focusing on the health needs of an individual includes looking at the person s social and economic needs as well citation needed LM uses behavioral science to equip and encourage patients to make lifestyle changes There are many theories of behavior change the transtheoretical model is particularly suited to lifestyle medicine It posits that individuals progress through six stages of change precontemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance and termination 13 14 Stage matched interventions are most likely to result in successful behavior changes LM practitioners are encouraged to adopt counseling methods such as motivational interviewing MI to identify patient readiness to change and provide stage appropriate lifestyle interventions 15 These skills have shown to be more effective than giving advice like Exercise more and eat healthy 16 LM physicians provide the tools and resources necessary to empower people to manage their own healthcare and give them the confidence to live a healthy life citation needed LM is similar to preventive medicine in that it also bridges the gap between conventional medicine and public health LM interventions such as behavioral change counseling are used in adjunct with pharmacotherapy 17 Like all of medicine LM promotes healthy lifestyle choices to prevent and treat diseases Overall wellness and self management are a crucial components of lifestyle medicine and enforce the idea of living healthier through behavioral change Health promotion is the foundation of LM and encourages individuals to participate in their own care and well being 18 Levels of Lifestyle MedicineLM may be practiced on three levels The first level involves recognition by all healthcare professionals that lifestyle choices determine health status and are important modifiers of the response to pharmaceutical and or surgical treatments All practitioners are encouraged to include lifestyle advice along with standard treatment protocols The second level is specialty care e g Exercise medicine and Physiatry in which LM interventions are the focus of treatment and pharmaceutical and or surgical treatments are an adjunct to be used as necessary 19 The third level is population community health programs and policies Lifestyle intervention advice should be included in public health preventive medicine guidance and policies for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases 20 Interprofessional Education Collaboration in Lifestyle Medicine PracticeHealthcare professionals and their future patients would benefit if the basics of LM were incorporated into all professional training programs Formal training and personal experience of evidence based lifestyle interventions such as plant based nutrition stress management physical activity sleep management relationship skills and substance abuse mitigation would transform the American healthcare system LM is uniquely suited to interprofessional education in which students from two or more healthcare professions learn together during professional training with the objective of cultivating collaborative practice of patient centered care 21 22 23 24 Physicians and other healthcare providers should feel comfortable talking with their patient about behavioral lifestyle changes and assessing needs in determinants of health Engaging patients in these conversations can better help them achieve their lifestyle and healthcare goals citation needed There are many educational pathways to becoming an expert in LM Physicians can become certified or accredited from the International Board of Lifestyle Medicine IBLM American Board of Lifestyle Medicine ABLM and British Society of Lifestyle Medicine BSLM 25 26 27 28 29 The Lifestyle Medicine Global Alliance LMGA is an organization that connects LM professionals from nations around the world to collaborate share resources and create solutions to preventing and reversing non communicable and chronic diseases 30 See also editActive living Behavior change method Behavior change public health Behavioural change theories Community reinforcement approach and family training CRAFT Health promotion Lebensreform Preventive Medicine Public health Recovery model Smoking cessation Social and behavior change communication SBCC Straight edge Teetotalism Temperance movement Tobacco harm reductionReferences edit a b c Mechanick Jeffrey I Kushner Robert F eds 2016 The Importance of Healthy Living and Defining Lifestyle Medicine Lifestyle Medicine A Manual for Clinical Practice Cham Switzerland Springer Nature pp 9 15 doi 10 1007 978 3 319 24687 1 ISBN 978 3 319 24685 7 S2CID 29205050 Lifestyle Medicine Wiley doi 10 1002 issn 2688 3740 Katz David L Frates Elizabeth P Bonnet Jonathan P Gupta Sanjay K Vartiainen Erkki Carmona Richard H July 2018 Lifestyle as Medicine The Case for a True Health Initiative American Journal of Health Promotion 32 6 1452 1458 doi 10 1177 0890117117705949 ISSN 0890 1171 Kvaavik Elisabeth April 2010 Influence of Individual and Combined Health Behaviors on Total and Cause Specific Mortality in Men and Women The United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey JAMA Internal Medicine 170 8 711 8 doi 10 1001 archinternmed 2010 76 hdl 10536 DRO DU 30131641 PMID 20421558 Retrieved 7 July 2015 Sagner Michael October 2014 Lifestyle medicine potential for reversing a world of chronic disease epidemics from cell to community International Journal of Clinical Practice 68 11 1289 1292 doi 10 1111 ijcp 12509 PMID 25348380 Hivert Marie France Arena Ross Forman Daniel E Kris Etherton Penny M McBride Patrick E Pate Russell R Spring Bonnie Trilk Jennifer Horn Linda V Van Kraus William E Health On behalf of the American Heart Association Physical Activity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic the Behavior Change Committee a joint committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health and the Council on Epidemiology and Prevention the Exercise Cardiac Rehabilitation Nursing and the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke 1 January 2016 Medical Training to Achieve Competency in Lifestyle Counseling An Essential Foundation for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Other Chronic Medical Conditions A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Circulation 134 15 e308 e327 doi 10 1161 CIR 0000000000000442 ISSN 0009 7322 PMID 27601568 S2CID 7847964 Esselstyn Caldwell B 2017 05 28 A plant based diet and coronary artery disease a mandate for effective therapy Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 14 5 317 320 doi 10 11909 j issn 1671 5411 2017 05 004 PMC 5466936 PMID 28630609 Ornish D Brown S E Billings J H Scherwitz L W Armstrong W T Ports T A McLanahan S M Kirkeeide R L Gould K L Brand R J July 1990 Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease The Lancet 336 8708 129 133 doi 10 1016 0140 6736 90 91656 U PMID 1973470 S2CID 4513736 Ornish Dean 1998 12 16 Intensive Lifestyle Changes for Reversal of Coronary Heart Disease JAMA 280 23 2001 7 doi 10 1001 jama 280 23 2001 ISSN 0098 7484 PMID 9863851 Davis Brenda C Jamshed Humaira Peterson Courtney M Sabate Joan Harris Ralph D Koratkar Rohit Spence Jamie W Kelly John H 2019 06 05 An Intensive Lifestyle Intervention to Treat Type 2 Diabetes in the Republic of the Marshall Islands Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Frontiers in Nutrition 6 79 doi 10 3389 fnut 2019 00079 ISSN 2296 861X PMC 6560078 PMID 31231656 Sandefur Kelsea Kahleova Hana Desmond Alan N Elfrink Eden Barnard Neal D 2019 06 20 Crohn s Disease Remission with a Plant Based Diet A Case Report Nutrients 11 6 1385 doi 10 3390 nu11061385 ISSN 2072 6643 PMC 6628285 PMID 31226766 Polak R Phillips EM Nordgren J La Puma J La Barba J Cucuzzella M Graham R Harlan TS Burg T Eisenberg D January 2016 Health related Culinary Education A Summary of Representative Emerging Programs for Health Professionals and Patients Global Advances in Health and Medicine 5 1 61 8 doi 10 7453 gahmj 2015 128 PMC 4756781 PMID 26937315 Prochaska James O Velicer Wayne F September 1997 The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change American Journal of Health Promotion 12 1 38 48 doi 10 4278 0890 1171 12 1 38 ISSN 0890 1171 PMID 10170434 S2CID 46879746 Norcross John C Krebs Paul M Prochaska James O February 2011 Stages of change Journal of Clinical Psychology 67 2 143 154 doi 10 1002 jclp 20758 PMID 21157930 Resnicow Ken McMaster Fiona 2012 Motivational Interviewing moving from why to how with autonomy support International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 9 1 19 doi 10 1186 1479 5868 9 19 ISSN 1479 5868 PMC 3330017 PMID 22385702 What is Lifestyle Medicine Find Out From British Society of Lifestyle Medicine British Society of Lifestyle Medicine Retrieved 2023 03 13 What is Lifestyle Medicine The European Lifestyle Medicine Organization www eulm org in Greek Retrieved 2023 03 22 Yeh Byung Il Kong In Deok March 2013 The Advent of Lifestyle Medicine Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 3 1 1 8 ISSN 2234 8549 PMC 4390753 PMID 26064831 Phillips Edward M Frates Elizabeth P Park David J 2020 11 01 Lifestyle Medicine Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America Integrative Medicine and Rehabilitation 31 4 515 526 doi 10 1016 j pmr 2020 07 006 ISSN 1047 9651 Lianov Liana 2010 07 14 Physician Competencies for Prescribing Lifestyle Medicine JAMA 304 2 202 3 doi 10 1001 jama 2010 903 ISSN 0098 7484 PMID 20628134 Urkin Jacob Merrick Joav March 2008 The Principles and Framework for Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Primary Health Care Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities 5 1 75 doi 10 1111 j 1741 1130 2007 00144 x ISSN 1741 1122 Dow Alan W DiazGranados Deborah Mazmanian Paul E Retchin Sheldon M July 2013 Applying Organizational Science to Health Care A Framework for Collaborative Practice Academic Medicine 88 7 952 957 doi 10 1097 ACM 0b013e31829523d1 ISSN 1040 2446 PMC 3695060 PMID 23702530 Meleis Afaf I January 2016 Interprofessional Education A Summary of Reports and Barriers to Recommendations Interprofessional Education Journal of Nursing Scholarship 48 1 106 112 doi 10 1111 jnu 12184 PMID 26642299 Godin Isabelle Kittel France Coppieters Yves Siegrist Johannes December 2005 A prospective study of cumulative job stress in relation to mental health BMC Public Health 5 1 67 doi 10 1186 1471 2458 5 67 ISSN 1471 2458 PMC 1177967 PMID 15958170 Home American Board of Lifestyle Medicine Retrieved 2023 03 15 Core Accreditation British Society of Lifestyle Medicine Retrieved 2023 03 15 Certification American College of Lifestyle Medicine Retrieved 2023 03 15 Board Certification Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine Retrieved 2023 03 15 Lifestyle Medicine Certification International Board of Lifestyle Medicine Retrieved 2023 03 15 Lifestyle Medicine Global Alliance About the Global Alliance Lifestyle Medicine Global Alliance 2016 04 19 Retrieved 2023 03 15 Further reading editHu Frank Cheung Lilian Otis Brett Oliveira Nancy Musicus Aviva eds 19 January 2021 The Nutrition Source Healthy Living Guide 2020 2021 A Digest on Healthy Eating and Healthy Living www hsph harvard edu Boston Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health Archived from the original on 5 October 2021 Retrieved 11 October 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lifestyle medicine amp oldid 1176907279, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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