The Telugu–Kannada script (or Kannada–Telugu script) was a writing system used in Southern India. Despite some significant differences, the scripts used for the Telugu and Kannada languages remain quite similar and highly mutually intelligible. Satavahanas and Chalukyas influenced the similarities between Telugu and Kannada scripts.[6]
Telugu-Kannada script
Kannada-Telugu script
Copper plate inscriptions in Kannada–Telugu script
The Dravidian family comprises about 73 languages including Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, and Malayalam. Satavahanas (also called the Andhra dynasty) introduced the Brahmi to present-day Telugu and Kannada-speaking regions. Bhattiprolu script introduced by the Andhras (Satavahanas) gave rise to the Kadamba script.[7][4][5]
During the 5th to 7th centuries the early Bādāmi Chālukyās and early Banavasi Kadambās used an early form of the Kadamba script in inscriptions.[8] When Chalukya empire extended towards Telugu speaking regions they established another branch in Vengi, namely the Eastern Chalukyas or the Chalukyas of Vengi who later introduced Kadamba script to Telugu language which developed into the Telugu-Kannada script which was used between the 7th and 11th centuries CE.[1]
Between 1100 CE and 1400 CE, the Telugu and Kannada scripts separated from the Telugu-Kannada script. Both the Telugu and Kannada scripts were standardised at the beginning of the nineteenth century.[9]
Comparison
The following sections visualize the difference between modern-day Telugu and Kannada styles.
Although the alphabets for Telugu and Kannada languages could have been encoded under a single Unicode block with language-specific fonts to differentiate the styles, they were encoded separately by the governments due to socio-political reasons. Both the script variants were added to the Unicode Standard in October, 1991 with the release of version 1.0.
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The Telugu Kannada script or Kannada Telugu script was a writing system used in Southern India Despite some significant differences the scripts used for the Telugu and Kannada languages remain quite similar and highly mutually intelligible Satavahanas and Chalukyas influenced the similarities between Telugu and Kannada scripts 6 Telugu Kannada scriptKannada Telugu scriptCopper plate inscriptions in Kannada Telugu scriptScript typeAbugidaTime period7th century 14th century 1 2 Directionleft to right LanguagesKannada TeluguTuluKonkani SanskritRelated scriptsParent systemsProto Sinaitic script a Phoenician alphabet a Aramaic alphabet a Brahmi script a Bhattiprolu script 3 4 5 Kadamba scriptTelugu Kannada scriptChild systemsKannada script Telugu scriptSister systemsPyu a The Semitic origin of the Brahmic scripts is not universally agreed upon This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet IPA For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA For the distinction between and see IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters This article contains Indic text Without proper rendering support you may see question marks or boxes misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text Contents 1 History 2 Comparison 2 1 Consonants 2 2 Vowels 2 2 1 Independent vowels 2 3 Numerals 3 Unicode 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory EditThe Dravidian family comprises about 73 languages including Telugu Tamil Kannada and Malayalam Satavahanas also called the Andhra dynasty introduced the Brahmi to present day Telugu and Kannada speaking regions Bhattiprolu script introduced by the Andhras Satavahanas gave rise to the Kadamba script 7 4 5 During the 5th to 7th centuries the early Badami Chalukyas and early Banavasi Kadambas used an early form of the Kadamba script in inscriptions 8 When Chalukya empire extended towards Telugu speaking regions they established another branch in Vengi namely the Eastern Chalukyas or the Chalukyas of Vengi who later introduced Kadamba script to Telugu language which developed into the Telugu Kannada script which was used between the 7th and 11th centuries CE 1 Between 1100 CE and 1400 CE the Telugu and Kannada scripts separated from the Telugu Kannada script Both the Telugu and Kannada scripts were standardised at the beginning of the nineteenth century 9 Comparison EditThe following sections visualize the difference between modern day Telugu and Kannada styles Consonants Edit Telugu Kannada ISO IPA Telugu Kannada ISO IPA Telugu Kannada ISO IPA Telugu Kannada ISO IPA Telugu Kannada ISO IPAక ಕ ka ka ఖ ಖ kha kʰa గ ಗ ga ɡa ఘ ಘ gha ɡʱa ఙ ಙ ṅa ŋa చ ಚ ca tʃa ఛ ಛ cha tʃʰa జ ಜ ja dʒa ఝ ಝ jha dʒʱa ఞ ಞ na ɲa ట ಟ ṭa ʈa ఠ ಠ ṭha ʈʰa డ ಡ ḍa ɖa ఢ ಢ ḍha ɖʱa ణ ಣ ṇa ɳa త ತ ta t a థ ಥ tha t ʰa ద ದ da d a ధ ಧ dha d ʱa న ನ na n a ప ಪ pa pa ఫ ಫ pha pʰa బ ಬ ba ba భ ಭ bha bʱa మ ಮ ma ma య ಯ ya ja ర ರ ra ɾa ల ಲ la la వ ವ va ʋa ళ ಳ ḷa ɭa శ ಶ sa sa ʃa ష ಷ ṣa ʂa స ಸ sa sa హ ಹ ha ha ఱ ಱ ṟa ra There is another legacy consonant ೞ ఴ ḻa used to represent ɻa but currently not in use Vowels Edit Independent vowels Edit Telugu Kannada ISO IPA Telugu Kannada ISO IPAఅ ಅ a a ఆ ಆ a aː ఇ ಇ i i ఈ ಈ i iː ఉ ಉ u u ఊ ಊ u uː ఋ ಋ r ɾu ౠ ೠ r ɾuː ఌ ಌ l lu ౡ ೡ l lu ఎ ಎ e e ఏ ಏ e eː ఒ ಒ o o ఓ ಓ ō oː ఐ ಐ ai aj ఔ ಔ au aw Numerals Edit Digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Telugu ౦ ౧ ౨ ౩ ౪ ౫ ౬ ౭ ౮ ౯Kannada ೦ ೧ ೨ ೩ ೪ ೫ ೬ ೭ ೮ ೯Unicode EditMain articles Telugu Unicode block and Kannada Unicode block Telugu Kannada comparison Although the alphabets for Telugu and Kannada languages could have been encoded under a single Unicode block with language specific fonts to differentiate the styles they were encoded separately by the governments due to socio political reasons Both the script variants were added to the Unicode Standard in October 1991 with the release of version 1 0 See also EditCulture of Andhra Pradesh Literature Kannada inscriptions Palaeography South India Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent Pallava scriptReferences EditCitations a b Diringer David 1948 Alphabet a key to the history of mankind p 381 Salomon 1998 p 41 The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems by Florian Coulmas p 228 a b Handbook of Literacy in Akshara Orthography R Malatesha Joshi Catherine McBride 2019 p 29 a b Salomon 1998 pp 35 40 Evolution of Telugu Character Graphs Retrieved 2013 07 22 The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems by Florian Coulmas p 228 Epigraphical Studies in India Sanskrit and Dravidian Scripts used in India Scripts Abroad Retrieved 2013 09 06 Austin Peter 2008 One Thousand Languages Living Endangered and Lost University of California Press p 117 ISBN 978 0 520 25560 9 Bibliography Salomon Richard 1998 Indian Epigraphy A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in the Indo Aryan Languages Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 509984 3External links EditEvolution of Telugu Kannada script Salankayana Telugu Kannada script Copper plates in Telugu Kannada scriptKakatiya period Telugu Kannada inscription Bayyaram stone inscriptionDevelopment of Telugu Kannada script Telugu Script Evolution Brahmi to Vijayanagara script Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Telugu Kannada alphabet amp oldid 1160300553, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
