Kaʻiminaʻauao (November 7, 1845 – November 10, 1848) was a Hawaiian high chiefess who was given in adoption to Queen Kalama and King Kamehameha III. She died of the measles at the age of three, during an epidemic of measles, whooping cough and influenza that killed more than 10,000 Native Hawaiians. Her elder brother and sister became King Kalākaua (who reigned from 1874 to 1891), and Queen Liliʻuokalani (who reigned as Hawaii's last monarch from 1891 to 1893).
Kaʻiminaʻauao
Burial site of Kaʻiminaʻauao, Kalakaua Crypt, Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum
Born
(1845-11-07)November 7, 1845
Died
November 10, 1848(1848-11-10) (aged 3) Honolulu, Oahu
Her name has been traditionally spelled Kaiminaauao or Kaʻiminaʻauao with the two ʻokina, which are phonemicglottal stop, as it is used in many Polynesian languages.[1] It is alternatively spelled as Kaiminiaauao.[2] Her name means "the search for knowledge" in the Hawaiian language. According to Hawaiian linguist Mary Kawena Pukui, ʻimi naʻau ao means "to seek knowledge or education; ambitious to learn; one seeking education or learning, research, learning".[3]
Kaʻiminaʻauao was born on November 7, 1845.[4][5] Born into the aliʻi class of Hawaiian nobility, her father High Chief Caesar Kapaʻakea and mother High Chiefess Analea Keohokālole were advisors to the reigning king Kamehameha III. Her mother was the daughter of ʻAikanaka and Kamaʻeokalani while her father was the son of Kamanawa II (half-brother of ʻAikanaka) and Kamokuiki. From her parents, she descended from Keaweaheulu and Kameʻeiamoku, the royal counselors of Kamehameha I during his conquest of the Kingdom of Hawaii. Kameʻeiamoku, the grandfather of both her mother and father, was one of the royal twins alongside Kamanawa depicted on the Hawaiian coat of arms. Kaʻiminaʻauao's family were collateral relations of the House of Kamehameha. Another relative of the family was the High Chiefess Kapiʻolani who plucked the sacred ʻōhelo berries and openly defied the goddess Pele as a dramatic demonstration of her new faith in Christianity.[6][7][8]
The fifth child and third daughter of a large family, her sibling included James Kaliokalani, David Kalākaua (who reigned as king from 1874 to 1891), Lydia Kamakaʻeha (who reigned as Hawaii's last monarch, Queen Liliʻuokalani from 1891 to 1893), Anna Kaʻiulani, Miriam Likelike, and William Pitt Leleiohoku II.[9][8] All her siblings were given away in hānai to other family members and friends. The Hawaiian custom of hānai is an informal form of adoption between extended families practiced by Hawaiian royals and commoners alike.[10] She was adopted by Queen Kalama, the wife of King Kamehameha III. The royal couple were childless at the time because two sons born to Kalama (both named Keaweaweʻulaokalani) had died during infancy. Kamehameha III had previously adopted his half-sister Kīnaʻu's son Alexander Liholiho (the future Kamehameha IV) as his heir and successor.[11][12] Contemporary English sources referred to Kaʻiminaʻauao as the ward of the queen.[13][5]
Death and funeral
The measles epidemic of 1848-49 was brought to Hilo by an American warship. During this short period, a combination of measles and whooping cough and influenza epidemics killed 10,000 people, mostly Native Hawaiians. Among the high chiefs who died were Moses Kekūāiwa (son of Kīnaʻu and Kekūanāoʻa), William Pitt Leleiohoku I (husband of Ruth Keʻelikōlani) and the three-year-old Kaʻiminaʻauao, who died on November 10, 1848.[1][14] The bodies of the deceased were embalmed with alcohol in lead coffins and placed inside wooden coffins.[15]
Initially buried in the Pohukaina Tomb, located on grounds of ʻIolani Palace, her remains were left behind when the coffins of other royals were moved to the newly constructed Royal Mausoleum at Mauna ʻAla in the Nuʻuanu Valley in 1865.[16] This changed after the accession of her brother as king. On the evening of November 30, 1875, her remains and the remains of her parents, buried at the cemetery of Kawaiahaʻo Church, were transported to the Royal Mausoleum followed by torchlight under a military escort led by John Owen Dominis.[17] In a ceremony officiated by her sister Liliʻuokalani on June 24, 1910, her remains, and those of her family, were transferred for a final time to the underground Kalākaua Crypt after the main mausoleum building had been converted into a chapel.[18][19]
Kaʻiminaʻauao's three elder siblings were educated at the Chiefs' Children's School (later renamed the Royal School) founded in 1839 by the American missionary couple Amos Starr Cooke and Juliette Montague Cooke to provide a Western-style education to the Hawaiian royal children. The children at the school were chosen by Kamehameha III to be eligible for the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaii.[20][21][22] It was intended that Kaʻiminaʻauao would join the school. However, her early death and the death of other aliʻi children in the epidemic prevented the addition of new scholars to the school. This deficit of scholars would lead to the closure of the school in 1850.[23][24] Juliette Montague Cooke wrote: "A little girl, sister of three of our scholars, adopted by the Queen, and who was expecting to enter our family, died on 10th inst. aged three years and two days."[5]
Key- (k)= Kane (male/husband) (w)= wahine (female/wife) Subjects with bold titles, lavender highlighted, bold box= Direct bloodline Bold title, bold, grey box= Aunts, uncles, cousins line Bold title, bold white box= European or American (raised to aliʻi status by marriage or monarch's decree) Regular name and box= makaʻāinana or untitled foreign subject
^ abcdefghijklmnopGenealogy of Liliuokalani, page 400, appendix B, No. 2 Queen of Hawaii, Liliuokalani (1898). Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen. University of Hawaii Press. p. 400. Retrieved September 29, 2016. Kapaakea genealogy.
^"Ka Hoihoi Ia Ana O Na Kino Kupapau O Na Alii I Make Mua Ma Ka Ilina Hou O Na Alii". Ka Nupepa Kuokoa. Vol. IV, no. 44. November 4, 1865. p. 2. Retrieved October 7, 2016.
^"Removal of Remains". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. Honolulu. December 4, 1875. p. 3. Retrieved August 25, 2018.; "Notes of the Week". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. December 1, 1875. p. 3. Retrieved August 25, 2018.
^"The Weird Ceremonial of Monarchial Times Marked Transfer of Kalakaua Dynasty Dead to Tomb". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. June 28, 1910. p. 2. LCCN sn83025121. from the original on October 18, 2014. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
^"Princes and Chiefs eligible to be Rulers". The Polynesian. Vol. 1, no. 9. Honolulu. July 20, 1844. p. 1. from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2018.
Allen, Helena G. (1982). The Betrayal of Liliuokalani: Last Queen of Hawaii, 1838–1917. Glendale, CA: Arthur H. Clark Company. ISBN978-0-87062-144-4. OCLC 9576325.
Cooke, Amos Starr; Cooke, Juliette Montague (1937). Richards, Mary Atherton (ed.). The Chiefs' Children School: A Record Compiled from the Diary and Letters of Amos Starr Cooke and Juliette Montague Cooke, by Their Granddaughter Mary Atherton Richards. Honolulu: Honolulu Star-Bulletin. OCLC 1972890.
Haley, James L. (2014). Captive Paradise: A History of Hawaii. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN978-0-312-60065-5. OCLC 865158092.
Kam, Ralph Thomas (2017). Death Rites and Hawaiian Royalty: Funerary Practices in the Kamehameha and Kalakaua Dynasties, 1819–1953. S. I.: McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. ISBN978-1-4766-6846-8. OCLC 966566652.
King, Samuel P.; Roth, Randall W. (2006). Broken Trust: Greed, Mismanagement & Political Manipulation at America's Largest Charitable Trust(PDF). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 14, 21–22, 35, 78, 139. hdl:10125/48548. ISBN978-0-8248-3014-4. OCLC 62326686.
Parker, David "Kawika" (2008). "Crypts of the Ali`i The Last Refuge of the Hawaiian Royalty". (PDF). Honolulu: Alu Like, Inc. OCLC 309392477. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 11, 2013.
Peterson, Barbara Bennett (1984). Notable Women of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-0820-4. OCLC 11030010.
Pratt, Elizabeth Kekaaniauokalani Kalaninuiohilaukapu (1920). History of Keoua Kalanikupuapa-i-nui: Father of Hawaii Kings, and His Descendants, with Notes on Kamehameha I, First King of All Hawaii. Honolulu: Honolulu Star-Bulletin. OCLC 154181545.
Reese, Albert Moore (1919). Wanderings in the Orient. Chicago, London: Open Court Publishing Company. OCLC 556316189.
Schmitt, Robert C.; Nordyke, Eleanor C. (2001). "Death in Hawai'i: The Epidemics of 1848–1849". Hawaiian Journal of History. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society. 35: 1–13. hdl:10524/339. OCLC 60626541.
Thrum, Thomas G., ed. (1909). "New Kalakaua Dynasty Tomb". All About Hawaii: The Recognized Book of Authentic Information on Hawaii. Vol. 36. Honolulu: Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. 105–110.
Van Dyke, Jon M. (2008). Who Owns the Crown Lands of Hawaiʻi?. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN978-0-8248-3211-7. OCLC 163812857.
February 14, 2023
kaʻiminaʻauao, november, 1845, november, 1848, hawaiian, high, chiefess, given, adoption, queen, kalama, king, kamehameha, died, measles, three, during, epidemic, measles, whooping, cough, influenza, that, killed, more, than, native, hawaiians, elder, brother,. Kaʻiminaʻauao November 7 1845 November 10 1848 was a Hawaiian high chiefess who was given in adoption to Queen Kalama and King Kamehameha III She died of the measles at the age of three during an epidemic of measles whooping cough and influenza that killed more than 10 000 Native Hawaiians Her elder brother and sister became King Kalakaua who reigned from 1874 to 1891 and Queen Liliʻuokalani who reigned as Hawaii s last monarch from 1891 to 1893 KaʻiminaʻauaoBurial site of Kaʻiminaʻauao Kalakaua Crypt Mauna ʻAla Royal MausoleumBorn 1845 11 07 November 7 1845DiedNovember 10 1848 1848 11 10 aged 3 Honolulu OahuBurialMauna ʻAla Royal MausoleumHouseKalakauaFatherCaesar KapaʻakeaMotherAnalea Keohokalole Contents 1 Name 2 Family 3 Death and funeral 4 Ancestry 5 References 6 BibliographyName EditHer name has been traditionally spelled Kaiminaauao or Kaʻiminaʻauao with the two ʻokina which are phonemic glottal stop as it is used in many Polynesian languages 1 It is alternatively spelled as Kaiminiaauao 2 Her name means the search for knowledge in the Hawaiian language According to Hawaiian linguist Mary Kawena Pukui ʻimi naʻau ao means to seek knowledge or education ambitious to learn one seeking education or learning research learning 3 Family Edit King Kamehameha III and Queen Kalama c 1850 Kaʻiminaʻauao was born on November 7 1845 4 5 Born into the aliʻi class of Hawaiian nobility her father High Chief Caesar Kapaʻakea and mother High Chiefess Analea Keohokalole were advisors to the reigning king Kamehameha III Her mother was the daughter of ʻAikanaka and Kamaʻeokalani while her father was the son of Kamanawa II half brother of ʻAikanaka and Kamokuiki From her parents she descended from Keaweaheulu and Kameʻeiamoku the royal counselors of Kamehameha I during his conquest of the Kingdom of Hawaii Kameʻeiamoku the grandfather of both her mother and father was one of the royal twins alongside Kamanawa depicted on the Hawaiian coat of arms Kaʻiminaʻauao s family were collateral relations of the House of Kamehameha Another relative of the family was the High Chiefess Kapiʻolani who plucked the sacred ʻōhelo berries and openly defied the goddess Pele as a dramatic demonstration of her new faith in Christianity 6 7 8 The fifth child and third daughter of a large family her sibling included James Kaliokalani David Kalakaua who reigned as king from 1874 to 1891 Lydia Kamakaʻeha who reigned as Hawaii s last monarch Queen Liliʻuokalani from 1891 to 1893 Anna Kaʻiulani Miriam Likelike and William Pitt Leleiohoku II 9 8 All her siblings were given away in hanai to other family members and friends The Hawaiian custom of hanai is an informal form of adoption between extended families practiced by Hawaiian royals and commoners alike 10 She was adopted by Queen Kalama the wife of King Kamehameha III The royal couple were childless at the time because two sons born to Kalama both named Keaweaweʻulaokalani had died during infancy Kamehameha III had previously adopted his half sister Kinaʻu s son Alexander Liholiho the future Kamehameha IV as his heir and successor 11 12 Contemporary English sources referred to Kaʻiminaʻauao as the ward of the queen 13 5 Death and funeral EditThe measles epidemic of 1848 49 was brought to Hilo by an American warship During this short period a combination of measles and whooping cough and influenza epidemics killed 10 000 people mostly Native Hawaiians Among the high chiefs who died were Moses Kekuaiwa son of Kinaʻu and Kekuanaoʻa William Pitt Leleiohoku I husband of Ruth Keʻelikōlani and the three year old Kaʻiminaʻauao who died on November 10 1848 1 14 The bodies of the deceased were embalmed with alcohol in lead coffins and placed inside wooden coffins 15 Initially buried in the Pohukaina Tomb located on grounds of ʻIolani Palace her remains were left behind when the coffins of other royals were moved to the newly constructed Royal Mausoleum at Mauna ʻAla in the Nuʻuanu Valley in 1865 16 This changed after the accession of her brother as king On the evening of November 30 1875 her remains and the remains of her parents buried at the cemetery of Kawaiahaʻo Church were transported to the Royal Mausoleum followed by torchlight under a military escort led by John Owen Dominis 17 In a ceremony officiated by her sister Liliʻuokalani on June 24 1910 her remains and those of her family were transferred for a final time to the underground Kalakaua Crypt after the main mausoleum building had been converted into a chapel 18 19 Kaʻiminaʻauao s three elder siblings were educated at the Chiefs Children s School later renamed the Royal School founded in 1839 by the American missionary couple Amos Starr Cooke and Juliette Montague Cooke to provide a Western style education to the Hawaiian royal children The children at the school were chosen by Kamehameha III to be eligible for the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaii 20 21 22 It was intended that Kaʻiminaʻauao would join the school However her early death and the death of other aliʻi children in the epidemic prevented the addition of new scholars to the school This deficit of scholars would lead to the closure of the school in 1850 23 24 Juliette Montague Cooke wrote A little girl sister of three of our scholars adopted by the Queen and who was expecting to enter our family died on 10th inst aged three years and two days 5 Ancestry EditvteKalakaua family treeKey k Kane male husband w wahine female wife Subjects with bold titles lavender highlighted bold box Direct bloodlineBold title bold grey box Aunts uncles cousins lineBold title bold white box European or American raised to aliʻi status by marriage or monarch s decree Regular name and box makaʻainana or untitled foreign subject Kaneikaiwilani k Kanalohanaui k Keakealani w Ahu a ʻI k Piʻilani w IIMoana k Lonoikahaupu k Kalanikauleleiaiwi w Kauauaʻamahi k Keawe II k Lonomaʻaikanaka w Kauhiahaki k Iliki a Moana w Keawepoepoe k Kanoena w Haʻaeamahi k Kekelakekeokalani w Alapainui k Keaka w Keeaumoku Nui k Kamakaimoku w Kaeamamao k i Kaolanialiʻi w i Kameʻeiamoku k Kamakaʻeheikuli w Keōua k Kahekili II k Kekuiapoiwa II w Ikuaʻana w Heulu k Moana w Keaweʻopala k Nohomualani k Keaweaheulu k Ululani w Hakau w Kanaʻina k Kauwa w Eia k Kepoʻokalani k i Alapai w i Keohohiwa w Keōpuolani w Kamehameha I Kalaniʻōpuʻu k Kanekapōlei w Kiʻilaweau k Nahiʻōleʻa k Kahoʻowaha II w Inaina w Hao K Kailipakalua w Kamanawa II k i Kamokuiki w i ʻAikanaka k Kamaeokalani w Kaōleioku k Keoua w Luahine w KalaʻimamahuKaheiheimalieKamehameha II Kamehameha III Kekuanaoʻa k KahalaiʻaLuanuʻu k Pauahi w Kinaʻu w Paki k Kōnia w Kanaʻina IIKaʻahumanu IIIKapaʻakea 1815 1866 i Keohokalole 1816 1869 i Keʻelikōlani w Kamehameha IV Kamehameha V Kaʻahumanu IV Pauahi Bishop w Bishop k Lunalilo k Kaliokalani 1835 1852 i Kalakaua 1836 1891 i Kapiʻolani 1834 1899 Liliʻuokalani 1838 1917 i Dominis 1832 1891 Kaʻiulani 1842 i Kaʻiminaʻauao 1845 1848 i Cleghorn 1835 1910 Likelike 1851 1887 i Leleiohoku II 1854 1877 i Kaʻiulani 1875 1899 i Notes a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Genealogy of Liliuokalani page 400 appendix B No 2 Queen of Hawaii Liliuokalani 1898 Hawaii s Story by Hawaii s Queen University of Hawaii Press p 400 Retrieved September 29 2016 Kapaakea genealogy Ancestors of Kaʻiminaʻauao16 High Chief Kameʻeiamoku8 High Chief Kepoʻokalani17 High Chiefess Kamakaʻeheikuli4 High Chief Kamanawa II18 High Chief Kalaninuiamamao of Kaʻu9 High Chiefess Alapaʻiwahine19 High Chiefess Kaolanialiʻi2 High Chief Caesar Kapaʻakea20 High Chief Kaʻihelemoana10 High Chief Kanepawale21 High Chiefess Kaʻopa5 High Chiefess Kamokuiki22 High Chief Kaʻehunuiamamaliʻi11 High Chiefess Uaua23 High Chiefess Koʻi1 Kaʻiminaʻauao24 High Chief Kameʻeiamoku 16 12 High Chief Kepoʻokalani 8 25 High Chiefess Kamakaʻeheikuli 17 6 High Chief ʻAikanaka26 High Chief Keaweaheulu of Waiʻanae13 High Chiefess Keohohiwa27 High Chiefess ʻUlulani of Hilo3 High Chiefess Analea Keohokalole28 High Chief Makakaualiʻi14 High Chief Kahoalani Eia29 High Chiefess Kapalaoa7 High Chiefess Kamaʻeokalani30 High Chief Ahaula15 High Chiefess Keakaula31 High Chiefess KaweheReferences Edit a b Kam 2017 pp 51 53 Thrum 1909 p 107 Pukui amp Elbert 1986 p 100 Kam 2017 pp 192 196 a b c Cooke amp Cooke 1937 p 318 Liliuokalani 1898 pp 1 2 399 409 Allen 1982 pp 33 36 a b Haley 2014 p 96 Liliuokalani 1898 p 399 Kanahele 1999 pp 1 4 Liliuokalani 1898 p 8 Kam 2017 pp 38 48 Kam 2017 p 51 Schmitt amp Nordyke 2001 pp 1 13 Kamakau 1992 pp 237 410 411 Kuykendall 1965 p 386 Kam 2017 p 61 Ka Hoihoi Ia Ana O Na Kino Kupapau O Na Alii I Make Mua Ma Ka Ilina Hou O Na Alii Ka Nupepa Kuokoa Vol IV no 44 November 4 1865 p 2 Retrieved October 7 2016 Removal of Remains The Pacific Commercial Advertiser Honolulu December 4 1875 p 3 Retrieved August 25 2018 Notes of the Week The Hawaiian Gazette Honolulu December 1 1875 p 3 Retrieved August 25 2018 Thrum 1909 p 107 Parker 2008 pp 39 53 55 Reese 1919 pp 80 81 Kam 2017 pp 192 196 The Weird Ceremonial of Monarchial Times Marked Transfer of Kalakaua Dynasty Dead to Tomb The Hawaiian Gazette Honolulu June 28 1910 p 2 LCCN sn83025121 Archived from the original on October 18 2014 Retrieved June 25 2013 Princes and Chiefs eligible to be Rulers The Polynesian Vol 1 no 9 Honolulu July 20 1844 p 1 Archived from the original on December 22 2015 Retrieved August 23 2018 Van Dyke 2008 p 364 Pratt 1920 pp 52 55 Peterson 1984 p 86 King amp Roth 2006 p 19 Bibliography EditAllen Helena G 1982 The Betrayal of Liliuokalani Last Queen of Hawaii 1838 1917 Glendale CA Arthur H Clark Company ISBN 978 0 87062 144 4 OCLC 9576325 Cooke Amos Starr Cooke Juliette Montague 1937 Richards Mary Atherton ed The Chiefs Children School A Record Compiled from the Diary and Letters of Amos Starr Cooke and Juliette Montague Cooke by Their Granddaughter Mary Atherton Richards Honolulu Honolulu Star Bulletin OCLC 1972890 Haley James L 2014 Captive Paradise A History of Hawaii New York St Martin s Press ISBN 978 0 312 60065 5 OCLC 865158092 Kam Ralph Thomas 2017 Death Rites and Hawaiian Royalty Funerary Practices in the Kamehameha and Kalakaua Dynasties 1819 1953 S I McFarland Incorporated Publishers ISBN 978 1 4766 6846 8 OCLC 966566652 Kamakau Samuel 1992 1961 Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii Revised ed Honolulu Kamehameha Schools Press ISBN 0 87336 014 1 OCLC 25008795 Kanahele George S 1999 Emma Hawaii s Remarkable Queen Honolulu University of Hawaii Press ISBN 978 0 8248 2240 8 OCLC 40890919 King Samuel P Roth Randall W 2006 Broken Trust Greed Mismanagement amp Political Manipulation at America s Largest Charitable Trust PDF Honolulu University of Hawaii Press pp 14 21 22 35 78 139 hdl 10125 48548 ISBN 978 0 8248 3014 4 OCLC 62326686 Kuykendall Ralph Simpson 1965 1938 The Hawaiian Kingdom 1778 1854 Foundation and Transformation Vol 1 Honolulu University of Hawaii Press ISBN 0 87022 431 X OCLC 47008868 Liliuokalani 1898 Hawaii s Story by Hawaii s Queen Liliuokalani Boston Lee and Shepard ISBN 978 0 548 22265 2 OCLC 2387226 Parker David Kawika 2008 Crypts of the Ali i The Last Refuge of the Hawaiian Royalty Tales of Our Hawaiʻi PDF Honolulu Alu Like Inc OCLC 309392477 Archived from the original PDF on November 11 2013 Peterson Barbara Bennett 1984 Notable Women of Hawaii Honolulu University of Hawaii Press ISBN 978 0 8248 0820 4 OCLC 11030010 Pratt Elizabeth Kekaaniauokalani Kalaninuiohilaukapu 1920 History of Keoua Kalanikupuapa i nui Father of Hawaii Kings and His Descendants with Notes on Kamehameha I First King of All Hawaii Honolulu Honolulu Star Bulletin OCLC 154181545 Pukui Mary Kawena Elbert Samuel H 1986 Hawaiian Dictionary Hawaiian English English Hawaiian Honolulu University of Hawaii Press ISBN 978 0 8248 0703 0 OCLC 12751521 Reese Albert Moore 1919 Wanderings in the Orient Chicago London Open Court Publishing Company OCLC 556316189 Schmitt Robert C Nordyke Eleanor C 2001 Death in Hawai i The Epidemics of 1848 1849 Hawaiian Journal of History Honolulu Hawaiian Historical Society 35 1 13 hdl 10524 339 OCLC 60626541 Thrum Thomas G ed 1909 New Kalakaua Dynasty Tomb All About Hawaii The Recognized Book of Authentic Information on Hawaii Vol 36 Honolulu Honolulu Star Bulletin pp 105 110 Van Dyke Jon M 2008 Who Owns the Crown Lands of Hawaiʻi Honolulu University of Hawaii Press ISBN 978 0 8248 3211 7 OCLC 163812857 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kaʻiminaʻauao amp oldid 1107567154, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
