Gossypium hirsutum, also known as upland cotton or Mexican cotton, is the most widely planted species of cotton in the world. Globally, about 90% of all cotton production is of cultivars derived from this species.[2] In the United States, the world's largest exporter of cotton, it constitutes approximately 95% of all cotton production.[3][4] It is native to Mexico, the West Indies, northern South America, Central America and possibly tropical Florida.[5][6]
Archeological evidence from the Tehuacan Valley in Mexico shows the cultivation of this species as long ago as 3,500 BC, although there is as yet no evidence as to exactly where it may have been first domesticated.[7] This is the earliest evidence of cotton cultivation in the Americas found thus far.
Gossypium hirsutum includes a number of varieties or cross-bred cultivars with varying fiber lengths and tolerances to a number of growing conditions. The longer length varieties are called "long staple upland" and the shorter length varieties are referred to as "short staple upland". The long staple varieties are the most widely cultivated in commercial production.
Gossypium schottii G. Watt, Wild cult. cotton 206. 1907.
Gossypium taitense Parl., Sp. Cotoni 39, t. 6, fig. A. 1866.
Gossypium tridens O. F. Cook & J. Hubb., J. Washington Acad. Sci. 16:547. 1926.
Referencesedit
^Wegier, A.; Alavez, V.; Vega, M.; Azurdia, C. (2019). "Gossypium hirsutum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T71774532A71774543. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T71774532A71774543.en. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
^"USDA ERS - Cotton Sector at a Glance". www.ers.usda.gov. Retrieved 2019-02-18.
^Davenport, Coral (2023-02-18). "How Climate Change Is Making Tampons (and Lots of Other Stuff) More Expensive". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-02-19.
^Wendel; et al. (November 1992). "Genetic Diversity in Gossypium hirsutum and the Origin of Upland". American Journal of Botany. JSTOR. 79 (11): 1291–1310. doi:10.2307/2445058. JSTOR 2445058.
^Smith, C. E.; Stephens, S. G. (1971). "Critical identification of Mexican archaeological cotton remains". Economic Botany. 25 (2): 160. doi:10.1007/BF02860076. S2CID 24273337.
^Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 77)
^Röse USR, Lewis J, Tumlinson JH. Extrafloral nectar from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as a food source for parasitic wasps. Functional Ecology 2006; 20:67-74.
External linksedit
Gossypium hirsutum in West African plants – A Photo Guide.
February 15, 2024
gossypium, hirsutum, also, known, upland, cotton, mexican, cotton, most, widely, planted, species, cotton, world, globally, about, cotton, production, cultivars, derived, from, this, species, united, states, world, largest, exporter, cotton, constitutes, appro. Gossypium hirsutum also known as upland cotton or Mexican cotton is the most widely planted species of cotton in the world Globally about 90 of all cotton production is of cultivars derived from this species 2 In the United States the world s largest exporter of cotton it constitutes approximately 95 of all cotton production 3 4 It is native to Mexico the West Indies northern South America Central America and possibly tropical Florida 5 6 Upland cottonConservation statusVulnerable IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder MalvalesFamily MalvaceaeGenus GossypiumSpecies G hirsutumBinomial nameGossypium hirsutumL Archeological evidence from the Tehuacan Valley in Mexico shows the cultivation of this species as long ago as 3 500 BC although there is as yet no evidence as to exactly where it may have been first domesticated 7 This is the earliest evidence of cotton cultivation in the Americas found thus far Gossypium hirsutum includes a number of varieties or cross bred cultivars with varying fiber lengths and tolerances to a number of growing conditions The longer length varieties are called long staple upland and the shorter length varieties are referred to as short staple upland The long staple varieties are the most widely cultivated in commercial production Besides being fibre crops Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium herbaceum are the main species used to produce cottonseed oil The Zuni people use this plant to make ceremonial garments 8 and the fuzz is made into cords and used ceremonially 9 Flowers of Gossypium hirsutumThis species shows extrafloral nectar production 10 Synonyms editGossypium barbadense var marie galante G Watt A Chev Rev Int Bot Appl Agric Trop 18 118 1938 Gossypium jamaicense Macfad Fl Jamaica 1 73 1837 Gossypium lanceolatum Tod Relaz cult coton 185 1877 Gossypium marie galante G Watt Kew Bull 1927 344 1927 Gossypium mexicanum Tod Ind sem panorm 1867 20 31 1868 Gossypium morrillii O F Cook amp J Hubb J Washington Acad Sci 16 339 1926 Gossypium palmeri G Watt Wild cult cotton 204 t 34 1907 Gossypium punctatum Schumach Beskr Guin pl 309 1827 Gossypium purpurascens Poir Encycl suppl 2 369 1811 Gossypium religiosum L Syst nat ed 12 2 462 1767 Gossypium schottii G Watt Wild cult cotton 206 1907 Gossypium taitense Parl Sp Cotoni 39 t 6 fig A 1866 Gossypium tridens O F Cook amp J Hubb J Washington Acad Sci 16 547 1926 References edit Wegier A Alavez V Vega M Azurdia C 2019 Gossypium hirsutum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T71774532A71774543 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2019 2 RLTS T71774532A71774543 en Retrieved 15 November 2022 World Cotton Production Yara North America USDA ERS Cotton Sector at a Glance www ers usda gov Retrieved 2019 02 18 Davenport Coral 2023 02 18 How Climate Change Is Making Tampons and Lots of Other Stuff More Expensive The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2023 02 19 Gossypium hirsutum Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 18 December 2017 Wendel et al November 1992 Genetic Diversity in Gossypium hirsutum and the Origin of Upland American Journal of Botany JSTOR 79 11 1291 1310 doi 10 2307 2445058 JSTOR 2445058 Smith C E Stephens S G 1971 Critical identification of Mexican archaeological cotton remains Economic Botany 25 2 160 doi 10 1007 BF02860076 S2CID 24273337 Stevenson Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians SI BAE Annual Report 30 p 77 Stevenson p 92 Rose USR Lewis J Tumlinson JH Extrafloral nectar from cotton Gossypium hirsutum as a food source for parasitic wasps Functional Ecology 2006 20 67 74 External links editCotton Botany at Cotton Inc Gossypium hirsutum in West African plants A Photo Guide Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gossypium hirsutum amp oldid 1170213291, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
