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Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism

January 01, 1970

The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism (GICNT) is an international organization consisting of 89 countries that have endorsed a set of nuclear security principles for nuclear terrorism deterrence, prevention, detection, and response. It is co-chaired by the United States and Russia.[1] The organization aims to develop partnership capacity to combat nuclear terrorism, consistent with national legal authorities and obligations as well as relevant international legal frameworks such as the Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism, the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, and United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1373 and 1540.[2]

Overview edit

On July 16, 2006, Presidents George W. Bush and Vladimir Putin jointly announced the organization of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism (GICNT). The GICNT is a voluntary initiative aimed at fostering international cooperation in order to prevent terrorists from acquiring, transporting, or using nuclear materials or radioactive substances, deter hostile actions against nuclear facilities, and respond to incidents involving the use of radiological or nuclear materials. GICNT participants work to unite experience and expertise from the nonproliferation, counter-proliferation, and counter-terrorism fields; strengthen global activities and institutions through the integration of collective capabilities and resources; and maintain a network for partners to share information and expertise in a legally non-binding capacity.[3]

The founding 13 nations gathered in Rabat, Morocco, on October 30–31, 2006, for the first Plenary Meeting and agreed to a framework for the partnership, and a system for organizing events and charting nation progress. The Statement of Principles was the final product that guides GICNT efforts. Any country may choose to officially endorse in order to become a partner of the GICNT.[4]

On April 5, 2009, President Barack Obama in his Prague Speech called for making the GICNT a "durable international institution." The historic 2010 Nuclear Security Summit, which President Obama initiated and hosted, highlighted the contributions of the GICNT to international efforts to combat nuclear terrorism.

The June 29, 2010, Plenary Meeting in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, resulted in several changes to the GICNT. The partnership adopted a revised Terms of Reference, activated an Implementation and Assessment Group (IAG), selected Spain as the Coordinator for the IAG, and selected the U.S. and Russia to continue serving as the Co-Chairs.

During the May 24, 2013, Plenary Meeting in Mexico City, Mexico, the partnership endorsed the Republic of Korea as the IAG Coordinator for a two-year term. During the June 17, 2015, Plenary Meeting in Helsinki, Finland, the partnership endorsed the Netherlands as the IAG Coordinator for a two-year term.

During the June 5, 2019, Plenary Meeting in Buenos Aires, Argentina the GICNT welcomed the United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT) as an Official Observer organization. The partnership also endorsed the Kingdom of Morocco as the IAG Coordinator for the term 2019-2021.[5]

Statement of Principles edit

  • Develop, if necessary, and improve accounting, control, and physical protection systems for nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances.
  • Enhance security of civilian nuclear facilities.
  • Improve the ability to detect nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances in order to prevent illicit trafficking in such materials and substances, to include cooperation in the research and development of national detection capabilities that would be interoperable.
  • Improve capabilities of participants to search for, confiscate, and establish safe control over unlawfully held nuclear or other radioactive materials and substances or devices using them.
  • Prevent the provision of safe haven to terrorists and financial or economic resources to terrorists seeking to acquire or use nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances.
  • Ensure adequate respective national legal and regulatory frameworks sufficient to provide for the implementation of appropriate criminal and, if applicable, civil liability for terrorists and those who facilitate acts of nuclear terrorism.
  • Improve capabilities of participants for response, mitigation, and investigation, in cases of terrorist attacks involving the use of nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances, including the development of technical means to identify nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances that are, or maybe, involved in the incident.
  • Promote information sharing pertaining to the suppression of acts of nuclear terrorism and their facilitation, taking appropriate measures consistent with their national law and international obligations to protect the confidentiality of any information which they exchange in confidence.[2]

Partner nations edit

Criticisms edit

While the GICNT has garnered many members and held many events, there are some in the academic community who believe there is room for expansion and improvement. In a piece evaluating the GICNT, the Stimson Center notes that the GICNT will be useful for countries to fulfill their UNSCR 1540 commitments.[6] However it points out that many countries that fissile material cannot afford the funds and manpower needed to implement necessary safeguards, and the GICNT does not provide a mechanism to address this shortcoming.[7] WMD Insights published a similar piece that applauded the expansive growth of the GICNT. At the same time, it recognized that this large partnership could impede nations' ability to "harmonize their long-term research and development programs" as well as construct detailed plans for dealing with the "sources, magnitude, and appropriate responses to nuclear terrorist threats."[8] Finally, George Bunn writes that the GICNT is an important first step but has failed to rapidly upgrade security for nuclear stockpiles and places few demands on a country for membership.[9]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "The Global Initiative To Combat Nuclear Terrorism". 2009-2017.state.gov. Retrieved March 2, 2022.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ a b "Statement of Principles". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved March 2, 2022.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ NTI Issue Brief: The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism
  4. ^ Enforcing International Standards George Bunn
  5. ^ GICNT Plenary 2019
  6. ^ UNSCR 1540
  7. ^ The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Stimson Center
  8. ^ Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism: Steady, but Slow Progress WMD Insights
  9. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2010.

External links edit

  • GICNT Public Homepage

January 01, 1970
global, initiative, combat, nuclear, terrorism, gicnt, international, organization, consisting, countries, that, have, endorsed, nuclear, security, principles, nuclear, terrorism, deterrence, prevention, detection, response, chaired, united, states, russia, or. The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism GICNT is an international organization consisting of 89 countries that have endorsed a set of nuclear security principles for nuclear terrorism deterrence prevention detection and response It is co chaired by the United States and Russia 1 The organization aims to develop partnership capacity to combat nuclear terrorism consistent with national legal authorities and obligations as well as relevant international legal frameworks such as the Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1373 and 1540 2 Contents 1 Overview 2 Statement of Principles 3 Partner nations 4 Criticisms 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksOverview editOn July 16 2006 Presidents George W Bush and Vladimir Putin jointly announced the organization of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism GICNT The GICNT is a voluntary initiative aimed at fostering international cooperation in order to prevent terrorists from acquiring transporting or using nuclear materials or radioactive substances deter hostile actions against nuclear facilities and respond to incidents involving the use of radiological or nuclear materials GICNT participants work to unite experience and expertise from the nonproliferation counter proliferation and counter terrorism fields strengthen global activities and institutions through the integration of collective capabilities and resources and maintain a network for partners to share information and expertise in a legally non binding capacity 3 The founding 13 nations gathered in Rabat Morocco on October 30 31 2006 for the first Plenary Meeting and agreed to a framework for the partnership and a system for organizing events and charting nation progress The Statement of Principles was the final product that guides GICNT efforts Any country may choose to officially endorse in order to become a partner of the GICNT 4 On April 5 2009 President Barack Obama in his Prague Speech called for making the GICNT a durable international institution The historic 2010 Nuclear Security Summit which President Obama initiated and hosted highlighted the contributions of the GICNT to international efforts to combat nuclear terrorism The June 29 2010 Plenary Meeting in Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates resulted in several changes to the GICNT The partnership adopted a revised Terms of Reference activated an Implementation and Assessment Group IAG selected Spain as the Coordinator for the IAG and selected the U S and Russia to continue serving as the Co Chairs During the May 24 2013 Plenary Meeting in Mexico City Mexico the partnership endorsed the Republic of Korea as the IAG Coordinator for a two year term During the June 17 2015 Plenary Meeting in Helsinki Finland the partnership endorsed the Netherlands as the IAG Coordinator for a two year term During the June 5 2019 Plenary Meeting in Buenos Aires Argentina the GICNT welcomed the United Nations Office of Counter Terrorism UNOCT as an Official Observer organization The partnership also endorsed the Kingdom of Morocco as the IAG Coordinator for the term 2019 2021 5 Statement of Principles editDevelop if necessary and improve accounting control and physical protection systems for nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances Enhance security of civilian nuclear facilities Improve the ability to detect nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances in order to prevent illicit trafficking in such materials and substances to include cooperation in the research and development of national detection capabilities that would be interoperable Improve capabilities of participants to search for confiscate and establish safe control over unlawfully held nuclear or other radioactive materials and substances or devices using them Prevent the provision of safe haven to terrorists and financial or economic resources to terrorists seeking to acquire or use nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances Ensure adequate respective national legal and regulatory frameworks sufficient to provide for the implementation of appropriate criminal and if applicable civil liability for terrorists and those who facilitate acts of nuclear terrorism Improve capabilities of participants for response mitigation and investigation in cases of terrorist attacks involving the use of nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances including the development of technical means to identify nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances that are or maybe involved in the incident Promote information sharing pertaining to the suppression of acts of nuclear terrorism and their facilitation taking appropriate measures consistent with their national law and international obligations to protect the confidentiality of any information which they exchange in confidence 2 Partner nations edit1 nbsp Afghanistan 2 nbsp Albania 3 nbsp Algeria 4 nbsp Argentina 5 nbsp Armenia 6 nbsp Australia 7 nbsp Austria 8 nbsp Azerbaijan 9 nbsp Bahrain 10 nbsp Belarus 11 nbsp Belgium 12 nbsp Bosnia and Herzegovina 13 nbsp Bulgaria 14 nbsp Cambodia 15 nbsp Canada 16 nbsp Cape Verde 17 nbsp Chile 18 nbsp China 19 nbsp Cote d Ivoire 20 nbsp Croatia 21 nbsp Cyprus 22 nbsp Czech Republic 23 nbsp Denmark 24 nbsp Estonia 25 nbsp Finland 26 nbsp France 27 nbsp Georgia 28 nbsp Germany 29 nbsp Greece 30 nbsp Hungary 31 nbsp Iceland 32 nbsp India 33 nbsp Iraq 34 nbsp Ireland 35 nbsp Israel 36 nbsp Italy 37 nbsp Japan 38 nbsp Jordan 39 nbsp Kazakhstan 40 nbsp Kyrgyzstan 41 nbsp Latvia 42 nbsp Libya 43 nbsp Lithuania 44 nbsp Luxembourg 45 nbsp Madagascar 46 nbsp Malaysia 47 nbsp Malta 48 nbsp Mauritius 49 nbsp Mexico 50 nbsp Moldova 51 nbsp Montenegro 52 nbsp Morocco 53 nbsp Nepal 54 nbsp Netherlands 55 nbsp New Zealand 56 nbsp Nigeria 57 nbsp North Macedonia 58 nbsp Norway 59 nbsp Pakistan 60 nbsp Palau 61 nbsp Panama 62 nbsp Paraguay 63 nbsp Philippines 64 nbsp Poland 65 nbsp Portugal 66 nbsp Romania 67 nbsp Russia 68 nbsp Saudi Arabia 69 nbsp Serbia 70 nbsp Seychelles 71 nbsp Singapore 72 nbsp Slovakia 73 nbsp Slovenia 74 nbsp Spain 75 nbsp Sri Lanka 76 nbsp South Korea 77 nbsp Sweden 78 nbsp Switzerland 79 nbsp Tajikistan 80 nbsp Thailand 81 nbsp Turkey 82 nbsp Turkmenistan 83 nbsp Ukraine 84 nbsp United Arab Emirates 85 nbsp United Kingdom 86 nbsp United States 87 nbsp Uzbekistan 88 nbsp Vietnam 89 nbsp Zambia nbsp IAEA observer nbsp UNODC observer nbsp EU observer INTERPOL observer nbsp UNICRI observer nbsp UNOCT observer Criticisms editWhile the GICNT has garnered many members and held many events there are some in the academic community who believe there is room for expansion and improvement In a piece evaluating the GICNT the Stimson Center notes that the GICNT will be useful for countries to fulfill their UNSCR 1540 commitments 6 However it points out that many countries that fissile material cannot afford the funds and manpower needed to implement necessary safeguards and the GICNT does not provide a mechanism to address this shortcoming 7 WMD Insights published a similar piece that applauded the expansive growth of the GICNT At the same time it recognized that this large partnership could impede nations ability to harmonize their long term research and development programs as well as construct detailed plans for dealing with the sources magnitude and appropriate responses to nuclear terrorist threats 8 Finally George Bunn writes that the GICNT is an important first step but has failed to rapidly upgrade security for nuclear stockpiles and places few demands on a country for membership 9 See also editCounter terrorism List of designated terrorist organizations List of terrorist incidents Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty Nuclear technology Nuclear weapon Proliferation Security Initiative TerrorismReferences edit The Global Initiative To Combat Nuclear Terrorism 2009 2017 state gov Retrieved March 2 2022 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b Statement of Principles U S Department of State Retrieved March 2 2022 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain NTI Issue Brief The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Enforcing International Standards George Bunn GICNT Plenary 2019 UNSCR 1540 The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Stimson Center Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Steady but Slow Progress WMD Insights Preventing Nuclear Terrorism An Agenda for the Next President George Bunn PDF Archived from the original PDF on July 28 2011 Retrieved May 6 2010 External links editGICNT Public Homepage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism amp oldid 1191433716, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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