Reynoutria sachalinensis (giant knotweed or Sakhalin knotweedJapanese オオイタドリ ooitadori, Russian Горец сахалинский, Гречиха сахалинская; syns. Polygonum sachalinense, Fallopia sachalinensis) is a species of Fallopia native to northeastern Asia in northern Japan (Hokkaidō, Honshū) and the far east of Russia (Sakhalin and the southern Kurile Islands).[2]
Reynoutria sachalinensis is a herbaceousperennial plant growing to 2–4 m (79–157 in) tall, with strong, extensively spreading rhizomes forming large clonal colonies. The leaves are some of the largest in the family, up to 15–40 cm (6–15.5 in) long and 10–28 cm (4–11 in) broad, nearly heart-shaped, with a somewhat wavy, crenate margin. The flowers are small, produced on short, dense panicles up to 10 cm (4 in) long in late summer or early autumn; it is gynodioecious, with male and female (male sterile) flowers on separate plants. The species is closely related to the Japanese knotweed, Reynoutria japonica, and can be distinguished from it by its larger size, and in its leaves having a heart-shaped (not straight) base and a crenate margin. Reynoutria sachalinensis has a chromosome count of 2n=44.[3][4]
Cultivation and usesedit
Edible shoots
The shoots are tender and edible. It was introduced to Europe and grown in many botanic gardens. It came prominently into notice about 1893, when a drought in western Europe caused a decided shortage in forage for cattle. This plant was little affected, and since its tender shoots and leaves were eaten by stock, the plant was widely grown experimentally as a forage crop. It has proved less useful than was predicted, and its deliberate cultivation has been almost entirely abandoned.[5] It has, however, like F. japonica, proved to be an invasive weed in several areas.[6]
It has hybridised with Reynoutria japonica in cultivation; the hybrid, Reynoutria × bohemica (Chrtek & Chrtková) J.P.Bailey, is frequently found in the British Isles and elsewhere.[3][7]
Extracts of this plant can be used as plant protectants for certain fungal and bacterial diseases.[8][9]
The species has been cultivated as an energy crop for biomass production, particularly in Germany in its commercial variety 'Igniscum', and it has shown a high productivity even in Northern latitudes, reaching a dry matter yield from 5.4 to 27.8 oven dry metric tons per hectare (2.4 to 12.4 short ton/acre), annually.[10]
Referencesedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Reynoutria sachalinensis.
This article lacks ISBNs for the books listed. Please help add the ISBNs or run the citation bot.(May 2012)
^Sukopp, Herbert; Starfinger, Uwe (1995). "Reynoutria sachalinensis in Europe and in the Far East: A comparison of the species' ecology in its native and adventive distribution range". In Pyšek, Petr (ed.). Plant Invasions: General Aspects and Social Problems. pp. 151–9. ISBN978-90-5103-097-6.
^Japanese Knotweed Alliance: Fallopia hybrids 2009-10-09 at the Wayback Machine
^. 2011-09-09. Archived from the original on 2011-09-09. Retrieved 2017-02-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^Papamatthaiakis, Nikolaos; Laine, Antti; Haapala, Antti; Ikonen, Risto; Kuittinen, Suvi; Pappinen, Ari; Kolström, Marja; Mola-Yudego, Blas (2021). "New energy crop alternatives for Northern Europe: Yield, chemical and physical properties of Giant knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis var. 'Igniscum') and Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita)". Fuel. 304: 121349. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121349.
April 14, 2024
reynoutria, sachalinensis, giant, knotweed, sakhalin, knotweed, japanese, オオイタドリ, ooitadori, russian, Горец, сахалинский, Гречиха, сахалинская, syns, polygonum, sachalinense, fallopia, sachalinensis, species, fallopia, native, northeastern, asia, northern, jap. Reynoutria sachalinensis giant knotweed or Sakhalin knotweed Japanese オオイタドリ ooitadori Russian Gorec sahalinskij Grechiha sahalinskaya syns Polygonum sachalinense Fallopia sachalinensis is a species of Fallopia native to northeastern Asia in northern Japan Hokkaidō Honshu and the far east of Russia Sakhalin and the southern Kurile Islands 2 Reynoutria sachalinensisScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsOrder CaryophyllalesFamily PolygonaceaeGenus ReynoutriaSpecies R sachalinensisBinomial nameReynoutria sachalinensis F Schmidt NakaiSynonyms 1 Polygonum sachalinense F Schmidt 1859 Fallopia sachalinensis Ronse Decr Reynoutria brachyphylla Honda Nakai Tiniaria sachalinensis F Schmidt Janch Stem and inflorescenceReynoutria sachalinensis is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 2 4 m 79 157 in tall with strong extensively spreading rhizomes forming large clonal colonies The leaves are some of the largest in the family up to 15 40 cm 6 15 5 in long and 10 28 cm 4 11 in broad nearly heart shaped with a somewhat wavy crenate margin The flowers are small produced on short dense panicles up to 10 cm 4 in long in late summer or early autumn it is gynodioecious with male and female male sterile flowers on separate plants The species is closely related to the Japanese knotweed Reynoutria japonica and can be distinguished from it by its larger size and in its leaves having a heart shaped not straight base and a crenate margin Reynoutria sachalinensis has a chromosome count of 2n 44 3 4 Cultivation and uses edit nbsp Edible shootsThe shoots are tender and edible It was introduced to Europe and grown in many botanic gardens It came prominently into notice about 1893 when a drought in western Europe caused a decided shortage in forage for cattle This plant was little affected and since its tender shoots and leaves were eaten by stock the plant was widely grown experimentally as a forage crop It has proved less useful than was predicted and its deliberate cultivation has been almost entirely abandoned 5 It has however like F japonica proved to be an invasive weed in several areas 6 It has hybridised with Reynoutria japonica in cultivation the hybrid Reynoutria bohemica Chrtek amp Chrtkova J P Bailey is frequently found in the British Isles and elsewhere 3 7 Extracts of this plant can be used as plant protectants for certain fungal and bacterial diseases 8 9 The species has been cultivated as an energy crop for biomass production particularly in Germany in its commercial variety Igniscum and it has shown a high productivity even in Northern latitudes reaching a dry matter yield from 5 4 to 27 8 oven dry metric tons per hectare 2 4 to 12 4 short ton acre annually 10 References edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Reynoutria sachalinensis This article lacks ISBNs for the books listed Please help add the ISBNs or run the citation bot May 2012 The Plant List Reynoutria sachalinensis F Schmidt Nakai Reynoutria sachalinensis Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 1 January 2018 a b Flora of NW Europe Fallopia sachalinensis permanent dead link Huxley A ed 1992 New RHS Dictionary of Gardening Macmillan ISBN 0 333 47494 5 page needed New International Encyclopedia Yale University Press 1926 page needed Sukopp Herbert Starfinger Uwe 1995 Reynoutria sachalinensis in Europe and in the Far East A comparison of the species ecology in its native and adventive distribution range In Pysek Petr ed Plant Invasions General Aspects and Social Problems pp 151 9 ISBN 978 90 5103 097 6 Japanese Knotweed Alliance Fallopia hybrids Archived 2009 10 09 at the Wayback Machine Regalia Biofungicide chemical label PDF Reynoutria sachalinensis Giant Knotweed 055809 Fact Sheet Pesticides US EPA 2011 09 09 Archived from the original on 2011 09 09 Retrieved 2017 02 17 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Papamatthaiakis Nikolaos Laine Antti Haapala Antti Ikonen Risto Kuittinen Suvi Pappinen Ari Kolstrom Marja Mola Yudego Blas 2021 New energy crop alternatives for Northern Europe Yield chemical and physical properties of Giant knotweed Fallopia sachalinensis var Igniscum and Virginia mallow Sida hermaphrodita Fuel 304 121349 doi 10 1016 j fuel 2021 121349 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Reynoutria sachalinensis amp oldid 1193626905, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
