Georgetown (Washington, D.C.)

"Georgetown, Washington" redirects here. For the Seattle neighborhood, see Georgetown, Seattle.

Georgetown is a historic neighborhood, and commercial and entertainment district located in Northwest Washington, D.C., situated along the Potomac River. Founded in 1751 in the Province of Maryland, the port of Georgetown predated the establishment of the federal district and the City of Washington by 40 years. Georgetown remained a separate municipality until 1871 when the United States Congress created a new consolidated government for the whole District of Columbia. A separate act, passed in 1895, specifically repealed Georgetown's remaining local ordinances and renamed Georgetown's streets to conform with those in the City of Washington.

Georgetown
Neighborhood of Washington, D.C.
Top: Riggs Bank (left) and Georgetown University (right); middle: Washington Harbour; bottom: Wisconsin Avenue (left) and C&O Canal (right)
Coordinates: 38°54′35″N 77°01′47″W / 38.909644°N 77.029647°W / 38.909644; -77.029647
Country	United States
District	Washington, D.C.
Quadrant	Northwest
Ward	2

The primary commercial corridors of Georgetown are the intersection of Wisconsin Avenue and M Street, which contain high-end shops, bars, restaurants, and the Georgetown Park enclosed shopping mall. The Washington Harbour waterfront restaurants are located to the south on K Street, between 30th and 31st Streets.

Georgetown is home to the main campus of Georgetown University and numerous other landmarks, such as the Volta Bureau and the Old Stone House, the oldest house in Washington. The embassies of Cameroon, France, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Mongolia, Sweden, Thailand, Ukraine and Venezuela are located in Georgetown.

History

 

Oak Hill Cemetery Chapel, designed by James Renwick Jr. in 1850, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

 

Chesapeake and Ohio Canal

Early history

 

Old Stone House, built 1765, is the oldest house in Washington, D.C.

 

A view of Georgetown around 1862 shows the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and Aqueduct Bridge (on right) and an unfinished Capitol dome in the distant background.

 

Sailing vessels docked at the Georgetown waterfront, c. 1865

 

Children playing on sidewalk in Georgetown during the Great Depression, photographed by Carl Mydans, 1935

 

Washington Harbour complex located on the Potomac River with Georgetown University's Healy Hall visible in the background

 

Dahlgren Chapel at Georgetown University

 

Georgetown shops along Wisconsin Avenue

Situated on the Fall Line, Georgetown was the farthest point upstream that oceangoing boats could navigate the Potomac River. In 1632, English fur trader Henry Fleet documented an American Indian village of the Nacotchtank people called Tohoga on the site of present-day Georgetown and established trade there.^[1] The area was then part of the Province of Maryland, an English colony.

George Gordon constructed a tobacco inspection house along the Potomac in approximately 1745. The site was already a tobacco trading post when the inspection house was built. Warehouses, wharves, and other buildings were then constructed around the inspection house, and it quickly became a small community. It did not take long before Georgetown grew into a thriving port, facilitating trade and shipments of goods from colonial Maryland.^[2]

In 1751, the legislature of the Province of Maryland authorized the purchase of 60 acres (240,000 m²) of land from Gordon and George Beall at the price of £280.^[3] A survey of the town was completed in February 1752.^[4] Since Georgetown was founded during the reign of George II of Great Britain, some speculate that the town was named after him. Another theory is that the town was named after its founders, George Gordon and George Beall.^[5] The Maryland Legislature formally issued a charter and incorporated the town in 1789.^[6] (Although Georgetown was never officially made a city, it was later referred to as the "City of Georgetown" in several 19th-century acts of Congress.^[7]) Robert Peter, an early area merchant in the tobacco trade, became Georgetown's first mayor in 1790.^[8]

Col. John Beatty established the first church in Georgetown, a Lutheran church on High Street. Stephen Bloomer Balch established a Presbyterian church in 1784. In 1795, the Trinity Catholic Church was built, along with a parish school-house. Construction of St. John's Episcopal Church began in 1797 but paused for financial reasons until 1803, and the church was finally consecrated in 1809. Banks in Georgetown included the Farmers and Mechanics Bank, which was established in 1814. Other banks included the Bank of Washington, Patriotic Bank, Bank of the Metropolis, and the Union and Central Banks of Georgetown.^[9]

Newspapers in Georgetown included the Republican Weekly Ledger, which was the first paper, started in 1790. The Sentinel was first published in 1796 by Green, English & Co. Charles C. Fulton began publishing the Potomac Advocate, which was started by Thomas Turner. Other newspapers in Georgetown included the Georgetown Courier and the Federal Republican. William B. Magruder, the first postmaster, was appointed on February 16, 1790, and in 1795, a custom house was established on Water Street. General James M. Lingan served as the first collector of the port.^[9]

In the 1790s, City Tavern, the Union Tavern, and the Columbian Inn opened and were popular throughout the 19th century.^[10] Of these taverns, only the City Tavern remains today, as a private social club (the City Tavern Club) located near the corner of Wisconsin Avenue and M Street.

Establishment of the federal capital

George Washington frequented Georgetown, including Suter's Tavern, where he worked out many deals to acquire land for the new Federal City.^[11] A key figure in the land deals was a local merchant named Benjamin Stoddert, who arrived in Georgetown in 1783. He had previously served as Secretary to the Board of War under the Articles of Confederation. Stoddert partnered with General Uriah Forrest to become an original proprietor of the Potomac Company.^[12]

Stoddert and other Potomac landowners agreed to a land transfer deal to the federal government at a dinner at Forrest's home in Georgetown on March 28, 1791. Stoddert bought land within the boundaries of the federal district, some of it at the request of Washington for the government, and some on speculation. He also purchased stock in the federal government under Hamilton's assumption-of-debt plan. The speculative purchases were not, however, profitable and caused Stoddert much difficulty before his appointment as Secretary of the Navy by the second President, John Adams. Stoddert was rescued from his debts with the help of William Marbury, later of Marbury v. Madison fame, and also a Georgetown resident. He ultimately owned Halcyon House, at the corner of 34th and Prospect Streets.^[12] The Forrest-Marbury House on M Street is currently the embassy of Ukraine.

After the establishment of the federal capital, Georgetown became an independent municipal government within the District of Columbia, of which there were three: Alexandria, D.C., Georgetown, D.C., and Washington, D.C. Georgetown, D.C., was in the new Washington County, D.C.; the District's other county was Alexandria County, D.C. (now Arlington County, Virginia and the independent city of Alexandria, Virginia).

19th century

By the 1820s, the Potomac River had become silted up and was not navigable up to Georgetown. Construction of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal began in July 1828, to link Georgetown to Harper's Ferry, Virginia (West Virginia after 1863). But the canal was soon in a race with the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and got to Cumberland eight years after the railroad, a faster mode of transport, and at the cost of $77,041,586. It was never profitable. From its beginning to December 1876, the canal earned $35,659,055 in revenue, while expending $35,746,301.^[9]

The Canal nonetheless provided an economic boost for Georgetown. In the 1820s and 1830s, Georgetown was an important shipping center. Tobacco and other goods were transferred between the canal and shipping on the Potomac River; salt was imported from Europe, and sugar and molasses were imported from the West Indies.^[9] These shipping industries were later superseded by coal and flour industries, which flourished with the C & O Canal providing cheap power for mills and other industry.^[13] In 1862, the Washington and Georgetown Railroad Company began a horsecar line running along M Street in Georgetown and Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, easing travel between the two cities.

The municipal governments of Georgetown and the City and County of Washington were formally revoked by Congress effective June 1, 1871, at which point its governmental powers were vested within the District of Columbia.^[14] The streets in Georgetown were renamed in 1895 to conform to the street names in use in Washington.^[15]

By the late 19th century, flour milling and other industries in Georgetown were declining, in part due to the fact that the canals and other waterways continually silted up.^[16] Nathaniel Michler and S.T. Abert led efforts to dredge the channels and remove rocks around the Georgetown harbor, though these were temporary solutions and Congress showed little interest in the issue.^[17] An 1890 flood and expansion of the railroads brought destitution to the C&O Canal, and Georgetown's waterfront became more industrialized, with narrow alleys, warehouses, and apartment dwellings which lacked plumbing or electricity. Shipping trade vanished between the Civil War and World War I.^[18] As a result, many older homes were preserved relatively unchanged.

Georgetown in the 1850s had a large African-American population, including both slaves and free blacks. Slave labor was widely used in construction of new buildings in Washington, in addition, to provide labor on tobacco plantations in Maryland and Virginia. Slave trading in Georgetown began in 1760 when John Beattie established his business on O Street and conducted business at other locations around Wisconsin Avenue. Other slave markets ("pens") were located in Georgetown, including one at McCandless' Tavern near M Street and Wisconsin Avenue.^[19] Slave trading continued until 1850, when it was banned in the District as one element of the Compromise of 1850.^[20] Congress abolished ownership of slaves in the entire District on April 16, 1862, annually observed today as Emancipation Day.^[21] Many African Americans moved to Georgetown following the Civil War, establishing a thriving community.^[22]

In the late 18th century and 19th century, African Americans comprised a substantial portion of Georgetown's population, with a large number centered around Herring Hill in the far eastern section near Rock Creek Park. The 1800 census reported the population in Georgetown at 5,120, which included 1,449 slaves and 227 free blacks.^[20] A testament to the African-American history that remains today is the Mount Zion United Methodist Church, which is the oldest African-American congregation in Washington. Prior to establishing the church, free blacks and slaves went to the Dumbarton Methodist Church where they were restricted to a hot, overcrowded balcony. The church was originally located in a small brick meetinghouse on 27th Street, but it was destroyed by fire in the 1880s. The church was rebuilt on the present site.^[23] Mount Zion Cemetery offered free burials for Washington's earlier African-American population.^[24] "From a pre-Civil War population of 6,798 whites, 1,358 free Negroes, and 577 slaves, Georgetown's population had grown to 17,300 but half these residents were poverty-stricken Negroes."^[18] Other black churches in Georgetown included Alexander Memorial Baptist Church, First Baptist Church, Jerusalem Baptist Church, and Epiphany Catholic Church.^[25]

20th century

In 1915, the Buffalo Bridge (on Q Street) opened and connected this part of Georgetown with the rest of the city east of Rock Creek Park. Soon thereafter, new construction of large apartment buildings began on the edge of Georgetown. In the early 1920s, John Ihlder led efforts to take advantage of new zoning laws to get restrictions enacted on construction in Georgetown.^[26] A 1933 study by Horace Peaslee and Allied Architects laid out ideas for how Georgetown could be preserved.^[27]

The C & O Canal, then owned by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, formally ceased operations in March 1924. After severe flooding in 1936, B & O Railroad sold the canal to the National Park Service in October 1938.^[21] The waterfront area retained its industrial character in the first half of the 20th century. Georgetown was home to a lumber yard, a cement works, the Washington Flour mill, and a meat rendering plant, with incinerator smokestacks and a power generating plant for the old Capital Traction streetcar system, located at the foot of Wisconsin Avenue, which closed in 1935, and was demolished in October 1968. In 1949, the city constructed the Whitehurst Freeway, an elevated highway above K Street, to allow motorists entering the District over the Key Bridge to bypass Georgetown entirely on their way downtown.

In 1950, Public Law 808 was passed, establishing the historic district of "Old Georgetown".^[28] The law required that the United States Commission of Fine Arts be consulted on any alteration, demolition, or building construction within the historic district.^[29]

In 1967, the Georgetown Historic District was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.^[30]

21st century

Georgetown is home to many politicians and lobbyists. Georgetown's landmark waterfront district was further revitalized in 2003 and includes hotels such as a Ritz-Carlton and a Four Seasons.^[31] Georgetown's highly traveled commercial district is home to a variety of specialty retailers and fashionable boutiques.

Geography

Georgetown is bounded by the Potomac River on the south, Rock Creek to the east, Burleith, Glover Park, and Observatory Circle to the north, with Georgetown University on the west end of the neighborhood. Much of Georgetown is surrounded by parkland and green space that serve as buffers from development in adjacent neighborhoods, and provide recreation. Rock Creek Park, the Oak Hill Cemetery, Montrose Park and Dumbarton Oaks are located along the north and east edge of Georgetown, east of Wisconsin Avenue.^[32] The neighborhood is situated on bluffs overlooking the Potomac River. As a result, there are some rather steep grades on streets running north–south. The famous "Exorcist steps" connecting M Street to Prospect Street were necessitated by the hilly terrain of the neighborhood.

The primary commercial corridors of Georgetown are M Street and Wisconsin Avenue, whose high fashion stores draw large numbers of tourists as well as local shoppers year-round. There is also the Washington Harbour complex on K Street, on the waterfront, featuring outdoor bars and restaurants popular for viewing boat races. Between M and K Streets runs the historic Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, today plied only by tour boats; adjacent trails are popular with joggers or strollers.

Education

Primary and secondary education

 

Hyde-Addison School

 

Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School

Throughout the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, the concentration of wealth in Georgetown sparked the growth of many university-preparatory schools in and around the neighborhood. One of the first schools was the Columbian Academy on N Street, which was established in 1781 with Reverend Stephen Balch serving as the headmaster.^[33]

Private schools currently located in Georgetown include Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School, while nearby is the eponymous Georgetown Day School. Georgetown Preparatory School, while founded in Georgetown, moved in 1915 to its present location several miles north of Georgetown in Montgomery County.

District of Columbia Public Schools operates area public schools, including Hyde-Addison Elementary School on O Street.^[34] Hyde-Addison formed from merging two adjacent schools - Hyde Elementary and Addison Elementary. The Addison section was renovated in 2008 and the Hyde section was renovated in Summer 2014. An addition connecting the two buildings is scheduled for completion in Summer 2019.^[35] Hardy Middle School and Jackson-Reed High School both serve Georgetown as zoned secondary schools.^[36][37] Duke Ellington School of the Arts, a public magnet school, is in the community.

Georgetown University

Main article: Georgetown University

 

Healy Hall at Georgetown University

The main campus of Georgetown University is located on the western edge of the Georgetown neighborhood. Father John Carroll founded Georgetown University as a Jesuit private university in 1789, though its roots extend back to 1634.^[38] Although the school struggled financially in its early years, Georgetown expanded into a branched university after the American Civil War under the leadership of university president Patrick Francis Healy. As of 2007^[update], the university has 6,853 undergraduate students and 4,490 graduate students on the main campus.^[39]

The main campus is just over 102 acres (41 ha) in area and includes 58 buildings, student residences capable of accommodating 80 percent of undergraduates, various athletic facilities, and the medical school.^[39] Most buildings employ collegiate Gothic architecture and Georgian brick architecture. Campus green areas include fountains, a cemetery, large clusters of flowers, groves of trees, and open quadrangles.^[40] The main campus has traditionally centered on Dahlgren Quadrangle, although Red Square has replaced it as the focus of student life.^[41] Healy Hall, built in Flemish Romanesque style from 1877 to 1879, is the architectural gem of Georgetown's campus, and is a National Historic Landmark.^[42]

Public libraries

The District of Columbia Public Library operates the Georgetown Neighborhood Library,^[43] which originally opened at 3260 R St. NW in October 1935 on the site of the former Georgetown Reservoir. An earlier public library in Georgetown was endowed by financier George Peabody in 1867 and opened in a room of the Curtis School on O Street opposite St. John's Church in 1875. In the early 1930s, a library committee was formed to encourage the establishment of a new public library branch in Georgetown.^[44]

The building was severely damaged by a fire on April 30, 2007, and underwent a $17.9 million renovation and expansion. The building was then re-opened on October 18, 2010, with a LEED-Silver Certification from the U.S. Green Building Council.^[45] A newly constructed, climate-controlled third floor now houses the collections of the original Peabody Library and is a center for research on Georgetown history.^[46]

Transportation

See also: Georgetown street renaming

 

Key Bridge, which crosses the Potomac River, connects Georgetown with the Rosslyn section of Arlington, Virginia

 

Chesapeake and Ohio Canal passing through Georgetown

Georgetown's transportation importance was defined by its location just below the fall line of the Potomac River. The Aqueduct Bridge (and later, the Francis Scott Key Bridge) connected Georgetown with Virginia. Before the Aqueduct Bridge was built, a ferry service owned by John Mason connected Georgetown to Virginia.^[47] In 1788, a bridge was constructed over Rock Creek to connect Bridge Street (M Street) with the Federal City.^[48]

Georgetown was located at the juncture of the Alexandria Canal and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. The C&O Canal, begun in Georgetown in 1829, reached Cumberland, Maryland in 1851, and operated until 1924. Wisconsin Avenue is on the alignment of the tobacco hogshead rolling road from rural Maryland, and the Federal Customs House was located on 31st Street (now utilized as the post office). The city's oldest bridge, the sandstone bridge which carries Wisconsin Avenue over the C&O Canal, and which dates to 1831, was reopened to traffic on May 16, 2007, after a $3.5 million restoration. It is the only remaining bridge of five constructed in Georgetown by the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Company.^[49]

Several streetcar lines and interurban railways interchanged passengers in Georgetown at and near the Georgetown Car Barn, which the Capital Traction Company operated near the end of the Aqueduct Bridge and later, the Key Bridge (see Streetcars in Washington, D.C.). A station serving the Great Falls and Old Dominion Railroad and its successor, the Washington and Old Dominion Railway, was located in front of a stone wall on Canal Road adjacent to the Exorcist steps immediately west of the Car Barn from 1912 to 1923.

Five suburban Virginia lines, connecting in Rosslyn, provided links from the D.C. streetcar network to Arlington National Cemetery, Fort Myer, Nauck, Alexandria, Mount Vernon, Clarendon, Ballston, Falls Church, Vienna, Fairfax, Leesburg, Bluemont and Great Falls (see Northern Virginia trolleys). Streetcar operations in Washington, D.C. ended on January 28, 1962.

In 1910, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad completed an 11-mile branch line from Silver Spring, Maryland, to Water Street in Georgetown in an abortive attempt to construct a southern connection to Alexandria, Virginia.^[50] The line served as an industrial line, shipping coal to a General Services Administration power plant on K Street (now razed) until 1985.^[50] The abandoned right-of-way has since been converted into the Capital Crescent Trail, a rails-to-trails route,^[50] and the power plant replaced by a condo.^{[citation needed]}

There is no Metro station in Georgetown. Some residents opposed building one but no serious plans for a station existed in the first place, primarily due to the engineering issues presented by the extremely steep grade from the Potomac River (under which the subway tunnel would run) to the center of Georgetown, very close to the river. The planners expected the Metro to serve rush-hour commuters, and the neighborhood has few apartments, office buildings, or automobile parking areas.^[51] Since the Metro's opening, there have been occasional discussions about adding another subway line and tunnel under the Potomac to service the area. Three stations are located roughly one mile (1.6 km) from the center of Georgetown: Rosslyn (across the Key Bridge in Arlington), Foggy Bottom-GWU, and Dupont Circle. Georgetown is served by the 30-series, D-Series, and G2 Metrobuses, as well as the DC Circulator.^[52] Another potential option for transportation in Georgetown is scootering, with scooters provided by companies like Bird and Lime.

Historic district and historic landmarks

Georgetown Historic District
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Landmark District
D.C. Inventory of Historic Sites
Location	Roughly bounded by Whitehaven Street, Rock Creek Park, the Potomac River, and the Georgetown University campus
Coordinates	38°54′34″N 77°3′54″W / 38.90944°N 77.06500°W / 38.90944; -77.06500Coordinates: 38°54′34″N 77°3′54″W / 38.90944°N 77.06500°W / 38.90944; -77.06500
Area	750 acres (300 ha)
NRHP reference No.	67000025
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	May 28, 1967
Designated NHLD	May 28, 1967
Designated DCIHS	November 8, 1964

The entire Georgetown neighborhood is a designated National Historic Landmark District, the Georgetown Historic District. It received this designation in 1967 for its large concentration of well-preserved colonial and Federal period architecture.^[53]

Georgetown is also home to a variety of other historic landmarks, including:

• Canal Square Building, 1054 31st Street, NW, former home of the Tabulating Machine Company, a direct precursor of IBM^[54][55]
• The City Tavern Club, built in 1796, is the oldest commercial structure in Washington, D.C.
• The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, begun in 1829.
• Dumbarton Oaks, 3101 R Street, NW, former home of John C. Calhoun, U.S. vice president, where the United Nations charter was outlined in 1944.
• Evermay, built in 1801 and restored by F. Lammot Belin^[23]
• The Forrest-Marbury House, 3350 M Street, NW, where George Washington met with local landowners to acquire the District of Columbia. Currently the Embassy of Ukraine.
• Georgetown Lutheran Church was the first church in Georgetown, dates back to 1769. The current church structure, the fourth on the site, was built in 1914.^[56]
• Georgetown Presbyterian Church was established in 1780 by Reverend Stephen Bloomer Balch. Formerly located on Bridge Street (M Street), the current church building was constructed in 1881 on P Street.^[57]
• Healy Hall on Georgetown's campus, built in Flemish Romanesque style from 1877 to 1879 was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987.
• Mount Zion United Methodist Church and Mount Zion Cemetery^[24]
• The Oak Hill Cemetery, a gift of William Wilson Corcoran whose Gothic Revival chapel and gates were designed by James Renwick Jr., was, at one time, the resting place of Abraham Lincoln's son Willie and other figures.^[58]
• The Old Stone House, built in 1765, located on M Street is the oldest house in Washington, D.C.^[59]
• Tudor Place^[60] and Dumbarton Court^[61]
• The Volta Laboratory and Bureau, created by Alexander Graham Bell as his first formal research laboratory, the profits from which were used to create a research and educational institution devoted to serving the deaf, which operates today as the Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, also known as the 'AG Bell'.^[62] The film The Exorcist (1973) was partly filmed in Georgetown when Father Damien fell down the stairs (located near Georgetown University).

Notable residents

Famous former residents include:

• Georgetown was home to Francis Scott Key who arrived as a young lawyer in 1808 and resided on M Street. Dr. William Beanes, a relative of Key, captured the rear guard of the British Army while it was burning Washington during the War of 1812. When the mass of the army retreated, they retrieved their imprisoned guard and took Dr. Beanes as a captive to their fleet near Baltimore. Key went to the fleet to request the release of Beanes, was held until the bombardment of Fort McHenry was completed, and gained the inspiration for "The Star-Spangled Banner".
• Alexander Graham Bell's earliest switching office for the Bell System was located on a site just below the C&O Canal, and it remains in use as a phone facility to this day. Bell originally moved to Georgetown due to the numerous legal hearings related to telephone patents, but then later created the Volta Laboratory and stayed on due to the many other scientific and technical organizations established in the region.^[62]
• John F. Kennedy lived in Georgetown in the 1950s as both a Representative and a Senator. Parties hosted by his wife, Jackie, and many other Georgetown hostesses drew political elites away from downtown clubs and hotels or the upper 16th Street corridor. Kennedy went to his presidential inauguration from his townhouse at 3307 N Street in January 1961.
• Pulitzer Prize-winning author Herman Wouk resided in Georgetown and attended the Georgetown synagogue, Kesher Israel Congregation, between 1964 and 1983 when he was researching and writing his two novels of World War II, The Winds of War and War and Remembrance.^[63]
• Hollywood actress Elizabeth Taylor lived in Georgetown during her marriage to Senator John Warner in the 1970s and early 1980s.^[64] Taylor's first major stage performance, in Lillian Hellman's The Little Foxes, took place nearby at the Kennedy Center during that time.^[65]
• Julia Child's first house is located on Olive Street. Child and her husband Paul purchased the house in 1948, although they left for France soon after. In 1956, they returned to Georgetown, living in the Olive Street house until moving to Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1959.^[66]
• Pedro Casanave, the fifth mayor of Georgetown (who directed the construction and buried the Cornerstone in what later became in the White House on October 12, 1792), lived near of modern Delaware Avenue, in Georgetown.
• Olivia Wilde grew up in Georgetown and attended Georgetown Day School.
• Former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright

Current residents include:

• Former Secretary of State John Kerry
• Washington Post Watergate reporter and current assistant managing editor Bob Woodward
• Montana Senator Max Baucus
• Former director of the FBI Robert Mueller

In film

 

The "Exorcist steps" at Georgetown University

Several movies have been filmed in Georgetown, including:

• Topaz (1969, private house)
• The Exorcist (1973) was set in the neighborhood and partially filmed there. In the movie's climactic scene, the protagonist is hurled down the 75-step staircase at the end of 36th Street NW, which connects Prospect Street with M Street below. The staircase has come to be known as the "Exorcist steps".^[67] A false front was built onto the house at the top of the steps so that the bedroom windows would immediately overlook the steps. The real structure is considerably set-back.^[68]
• St. Elmo's Fire (1985) was set in Georgetown, though the campus fraternity row portions were filmed at the University of Maryland campus in College Park.
• No Way Out (1987) featured a Georgetown Metro stop as a plot device, even though no such station exists; the subway station shots were filmed in Baltimore, Maryland. Chase scenes for the movie were shot on the Whitehurst Freeway.
• The Man with One Red Shoe (1985, an early Tom Hanks film)
• Chances Are (1989)
• The Exorcist III (1990)
• Timecop (1994)
• True Lies (1994)
• Dave (1993)
• The Jackal (1997, private homes)
• Enemy of the State (1998)
• Dick (1999, C&O Canal)
• Election (1999)
• Spy Games (2001)
• Minority Report (2002)
• The Recruit (2003)
• The Girl Next Door (2004)
• Wedding Crashers (2005)
• Transformers (2007)
• Georgetown (2019)
• Wonder Woman 1984 (2020)
• Although Burn After Reading (2008) featured Georgetown prominently, filming was done in Brooklyn.^{[citation needed]}
• The television series The West Wing occasionally filmed scenes in and around Georgetown.^[69]

References

Citations

1. Delany, Kevin (1971). A Walk Through Georgetown. Kevin Delany Publications.
2. Lesko 1991, p. 1.
3. Ecker 1933, pp. 1–6.
4. Jackson, Richard Plummer (1878). The Chronicles of Georgetown, D.C., from 1751-1878. R. O. Polkinhorn. pp. 3–4.
5. Establishment and Government of the District of Columbia. U.S. Senate reports of 1900, Congressional Edition, Volume 4043, US Gov't GPO. January 1, 1901. p. 175. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
6. Lesko 1991, pp. 1–2.
7. Tindall, William (1901). The Establishment and Government of the District of Columbia. Government Printing Office. p. 15.
8. Ecker 1933, p. 8.
9. "An Old City's History: The Simple Annals of Our Venerable Suburb". The Washington Post. July 24, 1878.
10. Holmes, Oliver W. "The City Tavern: A Century of Georgetown History, 1797-1898". Records of the Columbia Historical Society. 50: 1–35.
11. Holmes, Oliver W. "Suter's Tavern: Birthplace of the Federal City". Records of the Columbia Historical Society. 73–74: 1–34.
12. Ecker 1933, p. 12.
13. Gutheim & Lee 2006, p. 49.
14. "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 - 1875". memory.LOC.gov. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
15. "Chap. 79.-An Act Changing the name of Georgetown, in the District of Columbia, and for other purposes" (PDF). United States Statutes at Large from August 1893 to March 1895. p. 679. Retrieved July 10, 2011.
16. Gutheim & Lee 2006, p. 58.
17. Gutheim & Lee 2006, p. 94.
18. Smith, A. Robert; Sevareid, Eric. "Washington: Magnificent Capital". Doubleday & Company, New York, 1965: 154, Library of Congress card number 65–24912.
19. Gutheim & Lee 2006, p. 51.
20. Lesko 1991, p. 2.
21. "H-DC - H-Net". H-Net.org. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
22. "Our Black History … in Georgetown". The Georgetowner. February 20, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2021.
23. Mitchell 1983, p. 10.
24. . cr.NPS.gov. Archived from the original on August 5, 2011. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
25. Lesko, Kathleen M.; Babb, Valerie Melissa; Gibbs, Carroll R. (2016). Black Georgetown Remembered. Georgetown University Press. p. 203. ISBN 9781626163263.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
26. Mitchell 1983, p. 2.
27. Gutheim & Lee 2006, p. 199.
28. Lesko 1991, p. 95.
29. "Old Georgetown Act". National Commission of Fine Arts. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
30. HL Boundary Review Project (February 1980). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Georgetown Historic District". National Park Service. Retrieved September 22, 2016. with 11 historic images and photos
31. "The Ritz-Carlton Hotel and Residences, Georgetown". Architectural Record. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
32. Mitchell 1983, pp. 14–15.
33. Clark, Allen C. "Rev. Stephen Bloomer Balch, a Pioneer Preacher of Georgetown". Records of the Columbia Historical Society: 73–95.
34. "Elementary Schools February 12, 2017, at the Wayback Machine" (2016-2017 School Year). District of Columbia Public Schools. Retrieved on May 27, 2018.
35. "DCPS School Modernizations Hyde-Addison Elementary School". District of Columbia Public Schools. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
36. "Middle School Boundary Map February 11, 2017, at the Wayback Machine" (2016-2017 School Year). District of Columbia Public Schools. Retrieved on May 27, 2018.
37. "High School Boundary Map January 31, 2017, at the Wayback Machine" (2016-2017 School Year). District of Columbia Public Schools. Retrieved on May 27, 2018.
38. Fitzpatrick, Edward A.; Nevils, William Coleman (January 1936). "Miniatures of Georgetown, 1634 to 1934". The Journal of Higher Education. The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 7, No. 1. 7 (1): 56–57. doi:10.2307/1974310. JSTOR 1974310.
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Bibliography

• Ecker, Grace Dunlop (1933). A Portrait of Old Georgetown. Garrett & Massie, Inc.
• Gutheim, Frederick Albert; Lee, Antoinette J. (2006). Worthy of the Nation: Washington, DC, from L'Enfant to the National Capital. Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Lesko, Kathleen Menzies; Valerie Babb; Carroll R. Gibbs (1991). Black Georgetown Remembered : A History Of Its Black Community From The Founding Of "The Town of George". Georgetown University Press. ISBN 9781626163263. OCLC 922572367.
• Mitchell, Mary (1983). Glimpses of Georgetown: Past and Present. The Road Street Press.

Further reading

• , from the Georgetown Partnership.
• Griffith, Gary. "Whitehurst Freeway Coming Down?" at WestEndGuide.us February 23, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
• King, Leroy O. 100 Years of Capital Traction - The Story of Streetcars in the Nations Capital, Taylor Publishing Company, Dallas, Texas, Third printing, 1989, ISBN 0-9600938-1-8.
• Georgetown's Hidden History, from the Washington Post, by Andrew Stephen, July 16, 2006
• Georgetown Historic District, National Park Service.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Georgetown, Washington, D.C..

 

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Washington, D.C./Georgetown.

• Citizens Association of Georgetown, community association
• GeorgetownDC.com, by the Georgetown Business Improvement District
• The Georgetown Current, community newspaper
• The Georgetowner, community magazine
• "Georgetown, a former city in the District of Columbia" . Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
• "Georgetown. I. A port of entry of the District of Columbia" . The American Cyclopædia. 1879.
• Hyde-Addison Elementary School