Rollo Hayman
George Rollo Hayman (4 May 1925 – 3 April 2008) was a Rhodesian farmer and politician. A member of the House of Assembly, he served in several portfolios as a member of the Cabinet of Rhodesia under Prime Minister Ian Smith. Born in the United Kingdom, he moved to Southern Rhodesia at age four and served as a Royal Air Force pilot in World War II.
Rollo Hayman | |
|---|---|
| Minister of Internal Affairs of Rhodesia | |
| In office 1977 – 27 December 1978 | |
| Prime Minister | Ian Smith |
| Co-Minister | Byron Hove Kayisa Ndiweni |
| Preceded by | Jack Mussett |
| Succeeded by | Denis Walker |
| Minister of Local Government and Housing of Rhodesia | |
| In office 1977 – 27 December 1978 | |
| Prime Minister | Ian Smith |
| Co-Minister | Kayisa Ndiweni James Chikerema |
| Preceded by | William Irvine |
| Succeeded by | William Irvine |
| Minister of Agriculture of Rhodesia | |
| In office 1976–1977 | |
| Prime Minister | Ian Smith |
| Preceded by | David Colville Smith |
| Succeeded by | Mark Partridge |
| Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs | |
| In office 1973–1976 | |
| Prime Minister | Ian Smith |
| Minister | Lance Smith Jack Mussett |
| Member of Parliament of Rhodesia for Mazoe | |
| In office 1962 – 27 December 1978 | |
| Preceded by | Neil Patrick Hammond |
| Succeeded by | Cecil Millar |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 May 1925 Banbury, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom |
| Died | 3 April 2008 (aged 82) Howick, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa |
| Political party | United Federal Party (until 1961) Rhodesian Front (1962–1978) Independent (after 1978) |
| Spouse | Madeline Elizabeth Hayman |
| Children | 2 |
| Parent(s) | Samuel James Rollo Hayman Ethel Burnell Pollard |
| Alma mater | University of the Witwatersrand (BS) |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | Royal Air Force |
| Years of service | 1943–1949 |
| Rank | Flight sergeant |
| Unit | Transport Command |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
Elected to Parliament in 1958 as a member of the United Federal Party, he was a founding member of the Rhodesian Front party in 1962. He joined the Cabinet in 1976 upon being appointed Minister of Agriculture. In 1977, he was named Minister of Local Government and Housing and Minister of Internal Affairs. In December 1978, he resigned from the Cabinet, from Parliament, and from the party, protesting the Prime Minister's rejection of British-American plans for Rhodesia's transition to majority rule. He ran as an independent in the by-election for his former seat in Parliament, but lost. He soon moved to South Africa, where he lived until his death.
Early life and education Edit
Hayman was born on 4 May 1925 to Samuel James Rollo Hayman and Ethel Elizabeth Burnell Pollard.[1][2][3] Born in Banbury, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, he moved to Southern Rhodesia with his parents in 1929, when he was age four.[1][4] He was educated at Plumtree School in Plumtree, Matabeleland.[1] He matriculated at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa, graduating honors with a Bachelor of Science in soil conservation.[1][4]
In 1943, he joined the Royal Air Force as a flight sergeant.[4] He served during World War II as a pilot with the Transport Command in Burma.[4]
Farming career Edit
Hayman returned to Southern Rhodesia in 1949, taking up work as a conservation and extension officer until 1955.[4] He later purchased land and took up farming in Shamva, a town in the northern Mashonaland region.[1][4] He went on to serve as chairman of the Shamva Farmers' Association, chairman of the Shamva Parents' Association, and director of the Rhodesian Farmers' Syndicates.[4]
Political career Edit
Hayman was elected to Parliament for the Shamva constituency in the 1958 Southern Rhodesian elections, as a member of the United Federal Party. He, along with Ian Smith, Lance Smith, and four others, resigned from the UFP on 19 April 1961 over the party's position on constitutional proposals for Southern Rhodesia.[5]
In 1962, he became a founding member of the right-wing Rhodesian Front party, which opposed transitioning Southern Rhodesia to independence under black majority rule. Hayman ran for reelection as the Rhodesian Front candidate for the Mazoe constituency in the 1962 elections.[6] He won with 56% of the vote, defeating the United Federal Party candidate Neil Patrick Hammond.[6] At a 2 December 1962 meeting, the Rhodesian Front parliamentary caucus met and returned a vote of no confidence in Prime Minister Winston Field.[7] Hayman was one of only two RF members to vote against the motion, alongside Jack Howman.[7]
Hayman won reelection in 1965, 1970, 1974, and 1977, each time with more than 80% of the vote. In 1973, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs.[1] He joined Prime Minister Ian Smith's Cabinet in 1976 when he was named Minister of Agriculture.[1] In 1977, he became minister of two portfolios, Local Government and Housing and Internal Affairs. In those offices, he served alongside black co-ministers appointed as a result of the 1978 Internal Settlement. Hayman's co-Minister of Local Government and Housing was Kayisa Ndiweni, followed by James Chikerema. For Internal Affairs, the co-minister was Byron Hove, followed by Kayisa Ndiweni.
Resignation and special election Edit
On 27 December 1978, Hayman resigned from his cabinet posts, from Parliament, and from the Rhodesian Front.[8][9][10][11][12] He charged that Prime Minister Ian Smith was "leading Rhodesians into a trap" by rejecting Western plans for majority rule.[9][10] Hayman favored the plan put forward by the United States and United Kingdom in which Rhodesia would revert to British rule under a commissioner, assisted by United Nations peacekeepers, who would oversee elections and the transition to black rule.[8] He thought that any black government elected under Smith's plan, in which 28% of the government was to be reserved for whites, would collapse or be overthrown by guerrillas, resulting in Marxist rule in Rhodesia.[8][9][10] In a political meeting in Enkeldoorn, Hayman also argued that Smith was misleading the country by claiming that Rhodesia had a good change of gaining international recognition following the elections.[11] Additionally, he thought it would be impossible to organize the elections by December 31, the date stipulated by the Internal Settlement.[13]
The resignation of Hayman, a staunch conservative and an close ally of the Prime Minister, was seen as a blow to the transitional government.[10][14] Prime Minister Ian Smith later said that he had asked Hayman to resign when he learned he was planning to leave Rhodesia.[14] He said:
"Therefore I informed him that it would be right and proper for him to resign from his ministerial post. From experience, I have found in some cases—and I stress the word some—when people have made up their minds to leave Rhodesia, they adopt an unbalanced and defeatist attitude and therefore it would have been wrong for Mr. Hayman to continue in public office."
The day he resigned, Hayman announced that he would run as an independent for his former seat in Parliament in the special election.[8] The byelection, held on 6 February 1979, was the last election conducted before the advent of the new constitution. Hayman lost the election with 20% of the vote to Cecil Millar, the Rhodesian Front candidate. Soon after, he moved to South Africa.
Personal life and death Edit
Hayman died, aged 82, on 3 April 2008 at home in the Amberglen retirement community in Howick, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.[2] He was married to Madeline Elizabeth, with two children, one son and one daughter.[1][4] He played tennis and golf.[1]
Electoral history Edit
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Party | Rollo Hayman | N/A | N/A | ||
| N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Majority | N/A | ||||
| Turnout | N/A | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | George Rollo Hayman | 972 | 55.8 | ||
| United Party | Neil Patrick Hammond | 771 | 44.2 | ||
| Majority | 201 | 11.6 | |||
| Turnout | 1,743 | 69.3 | |||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | Rollo Hayman | N/A | N/A | ||
| N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Majority | N/A | N/A | |||
| Turnout | N/A | N/A | |||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | Rollo Hayman | 1,075 | 87.2 | ||
| Independent | Ernest Frederick Konschel | 158 | 12.8 | ||
| Majority | 978 | 74.4 | |||
| Turnout | 1,233 | 75.0 | |||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | Rollo Hayman | 1,241 | 84.4 | -2.8 | |
| Rhodesia Party | Henry John Wells | 229 | 15.6 | ||
| Majority | 1,012 | 68.8 | -5.6 | ||
| Turnout | 1,470 | 92.5 | +17.5 | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | Rollo Hayman | 1,184 | 89.1 | +4.7 | |
| RAP | Robin Elliot Campbell-Logan | 145 | 10.9 | ||
| Majority | 1,039 | 78.2 | +9.4 | ||
| Turnout | 1,329 | 80.4 | -12.1 | ||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RF | Cecil Millar | 611 | 78.7 | -10.4 | |
| Independent | Rollo Hayman | 165 | 21.3 | ||
| Majority | 446 | 57.4 | -20.8 | ||
| Turnout | 776 | N/A | N/A | ||
See also Edit
References Edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Who's who of Southern Africa. 1959. p. 1093.
- ^ a b "Legal Notice No. 31023". Green Gazette. 9 May 2008. p. 57.
- ^ . Geneanet. Archived from the original on 16 December 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h East Africa and Rhodesia. Vol. 40. Africana. 1963. p. 15.
- ^ Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland Newsletter. 1961.
- ^ a b Passmore, Gloria C.; Mitchell, Margaret T.; Wilson, Francis Michael Glenn (1963). Source Book of Parliamentary Elections and Referenda in Southern Rhodesia 1898-1962. Salisbury, Rhodesia: University of Rhodesia. p. 200.
- ^ a b Wood, J. R. T. (2012). So Far and No Further!: Rhodesia's Bid for Independence During the Retreat from Empire 1959-1965. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 9781466934078.
- ^ a b c d "World News Briefs". The New York Times. 28 December 1978. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ^ a b c "Rhodesia Hit by Loss Of Whites". Altoona Mirror. 28 December 1978. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ^ a b c d "Rhodesian leader loses political ally". The Arizona Republic. 28 December 1978. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ^ a b Summary of World Broadcasts: Non-Arab Africa. British Broadcasting Corporation Monitoring Service. 1979.
- ^ Chung, Fay (2006). Re-living the Second Chimurenga: Memories from the Liberation Struggle in Zimbabwe. African Books Collective. p. 240. ISBN 9781779220462.
- ^ Newsweek. Newsweek. 1978.
- ^ a b Legum, Colin (1980). Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents. Africana Publishing Company. ISBN 9780841901605.