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Güssing

February 16, 2024

Güssing (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʏsɪŋ] ⓘ; Hungarian: Németújvár, Német-Újvár, Croatian: Novi Grad) is a town in Burgenland, Austria. It is located at 47°4′N 16°19′E / 47.067°N 16.317°E / 47.067; 16.317, with a population of 3,610 (2023), and is the administrative center of the Güssing district. For centuries the town occupied an important position on the western edge of the Kingdom of Hungary. The town is now most famous for its castle, which is the oldest in Burgenland and a prominent regional landmark, built on an extinct volcano.

Güssing
Güssing Castle
Coat of arms
Location within Güssing district
Güssing
Location within Austria
Coordinates: 47°4′N 16°19′E / 47.067°N 16.317°E / 47.067; 16.317
CountryAustria
StateBurgenland
DistrictGüssing
Government
 • MayorVinzenz Knor ((SPÖ))
Area
[1]
 • Total49.31 km2 (19.04 sq mi)
Elevation
229 m (751 ft)
Population
 (2023)
 • Total3,610
 • Density73/km2 (190/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
7540
Websitewww.guessing.co.at
Parish and cemetery church

History edit

Overview edit

The origins of Güssing date back to 1157, with the construction of the castle alongside a small settlement nearby. By 1355, Güssing had been granted special rights by Louis IV.[2] During the Middle Ages, religion, art and crafts were of great importance. As a border town, Güssing was fortified in order to repel attacks from what is now Hungary. Despite the threat of invasion Güssing prospered, with residents of the town at the time including the Artois botanist Carolus Clusius, and Johann Manlius, a typographer.[3] There is an homage to Clusius in the town, as well as a street named after him, the Clusiusweg.

In the 16th century, Güssing was a free imperial city with full municipal laws. In 1619, the town was surrounded with an enceinte, a type of town wall. The town at the time contained four quarters- Vorstadt, untere Stadt by the mansion of the Drašković family, innere Stadt from the monastery to the town hall and Hochstadt.

The lords of Güssing (in Hungarian: Kőszeg, in Slovak: Kysak) were a noble family in the frontier region of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. Note that Kőszeg is the name of a nearby Hungarian town (known as Güns in German) to which that family moved its residence from Güssing in 1274. In 1522, it became the residence of the Batthyány family, one of the most distinguished magnate families in Hungary. The family still Batthyány own the ancestral seat of Güssing Castle. In 1540, Franz Batthyány gained the magnate from Ferdinand I, the incumbent king of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, which allowed him to open up ore mines, whilst in 1549, he was granted the right to hold markets in the town by the emperor. A market still takes place on the first Monday of every month in the town.

The area, like the rest of what is now Burgenland, belonged to Hungary until 1921. From 1898, the town had to use the Hungarian place name Németújvár due to the Magyarization policies of the government in Budapest. After the end of the First World War, the town, as part of German West Hungary (Deutsch Westungarn), was ceded to Austria after tough negotiations in the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye and the Treaty of Trianon in 1919. The area has been part of the newly formed state of Burgenland since 1921. In 1973 the area was officially declared a town.

In the 20th century, Güssing struggled economically due to its proximity to the Hungarian border, and with it the Iron Curtain during the Cold War. Many residents moved elsewhere or commuted for long distances to find work.[4]

Geography edit

The town is situated in the south of Burgenland, close to the Hungarian border, in the valley of the river Strem at a height of 229 metres above sea level.[5] Just under half of the area is agricultural land, whilst nearly 40% is forested. The town is neighboured by Tobaj to the north, Strem to the east, Heiligenbrunn to the southeast, Kleinmürbisch and Großmürbisch to the south, Neustift bei Güssing to the southwest and Gerersdorf-Sulz to the northwest. The Güssing fish ponds are a designated Ramsar site within the town, known for its bird populations of little bittern, grey heron and great crested grebe.[6]

Renewable energy edit

The town is also known for its renewable energy projects. During the 1980s, Peter Vadasz, a local councillor, and Reinhard Koch, a technical engineer, created an energy transition strategy for the town by using local wood as an energy source.[4] In 1992, Vadasz was elected mayor of Güssing and worked towards this energy transition. This transition was not only devised for public buildings in the town, but for the whole district as well. In order to achieve this goal, public buildings were insulated and biomass heat plants were built. More recently, an anaerobic digestion plant was built. Local authorities have claimed this has led to full energy self-sufficiency in the district, yet this is disputed by others, who claim that transportation of goods and fuel still relies upon fossil fuels.[4] Energy in Güssing is heavily reliant on wood, which has led to concerns about energy security.

International Relations edit

Güssing is twinned with:

  •  
    Güssing Castle
  •  
    An homage to Carolus Clusius, a resident of the town
  •  
    Wood gasifier (commercial operation)
  •  
    Fischer-Tropsch diesel production from gasified wood (Pilot)
  •  
    Biogas plant Strem
  •  
    Biogas fuelled engine Biogas plant Strem

Neighbourhoods edit

The neighbourhoods that make up the town area include (with the population as of January 2021 in brackets):

  • Glasing (123) with the Glasing mountains
  • Güssing (Kernstadt) (2725) with Langzeil, Ludwigshof and Rosenberg
  • Krottendorf (212)
  • Sankt Nikolaus (193)
  • Steingraben (182)
  • Urbersdorf (230)

Culture edit

  • The main attraction of the district is Güssing castle. Built on a volcanic cone, the castle is known for its exhibition "400 years of art", the gothic castle chapel (with a neo-gothic, wooden carved high altar, an old chest organ and a baroque side altar. The castle also contains a museum and a restaurant.
  • A romanesque parish church dates back to the 1200s, with a cemetery nearby.
  • The town contains a Franciscan monastery, which was built at the same time as a bastion of the town wall and a monastic church, the Visitation of Mary church. Built in 1863, the monastery contains a range of renaissance architectural elements. The monastery is also noted for a paramental shrine in the sacristy and the library with many unique works from the age of Protestantism. Under the monastery is the crypt of the family Batthyány, which is the second largest of its kind in Austria, with a state coffin by K. Moll. There is also a shrine depicting the beatification of László Batthyány-Strattmann.
  • There is a two-storey, castle like arcade in the town.
  • In the east of the town is the family home of the Drašković family. This is a classicist style mansion with empire style furniture and a gothic winged altar from 1450 in the house chapel.

Regular events edit

  • Musical Güssing: The cultural association hosts several events each year. In late January a carnival show takes place in the heart of Güssing. Every September a well-known musical show is performed, in which amateurs and professionals work together. The actor and singer Florian Resetarits (de) began his career in these musicals.
  • Castle performances: For the last 500 years, Güssing has been a cultural centre, with the theatre being of particular significance. The castle performances are a highlight of the summer programme. The actor Frank Hoffmann was the most recent director of the Güssing summer programme, as part of which performances take place at Güssing castle. The Güssing castle association hosts theatre performances for adults and children on the fairground at the foot of the castle.

Sport edit

The town has a football club, SV Güssing, which play in the Landesliga Burgenland, the fourth division of Austrian football. The town is home to a basketball club, UBC Güssing Knights.

Notable people edit

See also: Category:People from Güssing and Category:People from Güssing District

See also edit

References edit

  • DI Dean Marcelja (ECRE AG) & Geraldine Faulkner (Sustainable Solutions), 2008
  1. ^ "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  2. ^ "Güssing Eine Stadt Stellt Sich Vor" (PDF). Guessing.co.at. 1997. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  3. ^ "Güssing Eine Stadt Stellt Sich Vor" (PDF). Guessing.co.at. 1997. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  4. ^ a b c De Waal, R; Stremke, Sven (2014). "Energy Transition: Missed Opportunities and Emerging Challenges for Landscape Planning and Designing". Sustainability. 6 (7): 4386–4415. doi:10.3390/su6074386.
  5. ^ "Güssing in Zahlen". Güssing.at. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
  6. ^ Holler, Christian. "Ramsar-Gebiet Güssinger Fischteiche Management Plan Dezember 14" (PDF). Naturschutz Burgenland (in German). Retrieved 3 June 2022.
  7. ^ . Archived from the original on 2009-07-22. Retrieved 2009-08-13., Steinberg: [1], . Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2009-08-13.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Güssing.
  • Official Website of Güssing
  • Biomass gasification power plant Güssing 2008-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
  • Biogas plant Strem 2008-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
  • Official Website of the Batthyany Family
  • Official Website of the Foundation of the castle of Guessing

February 16, 2024
güssing, german, pronunciation, ˈɡʏsɪŋ, hungarian, németújvár, német, Újvár, croatian, novi, grad, town, burgenland, austria, located, with, population, 2023, administrative, center, district, centuries, town, occupied, important, position, western, edge, king. Gussing German pronunciation ˈɡʏsɪŋ Hungarian Nemetujvar Nemet Ujvar Croatian Novi Grad is a town in Burgenland Austria It is located at 47 4 N 16 19 E 47 067 N 16 317 E 47 067 16 317 with a population of 3 610 2023 and is the administrative center of the Gussing district For centuries the town occupied an important position on the western edge of the Kingdom of Hungary The town is now most famous for its castle which is the oldest in Burgenland and a prominent regional landmark built on an extinct volcano GussingGussing CastleCoat of armsLocation within Gussing districtGussingLocation within AustriaCoordinates 47 4 N 16 19 E 47 067 N 16 317 E 47 067 16 317CountryAustriaStateBurgenlandDistrictGussingGovernment MayorVinzenz Knor SPO Area 1 Total49 31 km2 19 04 sq mi Elevation229 m 751 ft Population 2023 Total3 610 Density73 km2 190 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code7540Websitewww guessing co at Parish and cemetery churchContents 1 History 1 1 Overview 2 Geography 2 1 Renewable energy 3 International Relations 3 1 Neighbourhoods 4 Culture 4 1 Regular events 4 2 Sport 5 Notable people 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksHistory editOverview edit The origins of Gussing date back to 1157 with the construction of the castle alongside a small settlement nearby By 1355 Gussing had been granted special rights by Louis IV 2 During the Middle Ages religion art and crafts were of great importance As a border town Gussing was fortified in order to repel attacks from what is now Hungary Despite the threat of invasion Gussing prospered with residents of the town at the time including the Artois botanist Carolus Clusius and Johann Manlius a typographer 3 There is an homage to Clusius in the town as well as a street named after him the Clusiusweg In the 16th century Gussing was a free imperial city with full municipal laws In 1619 the town was surrounded with an enceinte a type of town wall The town at the time contained four quarters Vorstadt untere Stadt by the mansion of the Draskovic family innere Stadt from the monastery to the town hall and Hochstadt The lords of Gussing in Hungarian Koszeg in Slovak Kysak were a noble family in the frontier region of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary Note that Koszeg is the name of a nearby Hungarian town known as Guns in German to which that family moved its residence from Gussing in 1274 In 1522 it became the residence of the Batthyany family one of the most distinguished magnate families in Hungary The family still Batthyany own the ancestral seat of Gussing Castle In 1540 Franz Batthyany gained the magnate from Ferdinand I the incumbent king of Hungary Croatia and Bohemia which allowed him to open up ore mines whilst in 1549 he was granted the right to hold markets in the town by the emperor A market still takes place on the first Monday of every month in the town The area like the rest of what is now Burgenland belonged to Hungary until 1921 From 1898 the town had to use the Hungarian place name Nemetujvar due to the Magyarization policies of the government in Budapest After the end of the First World War the town as part of German West Hungary Deutsch Westungarn was ceded to Austria after tough negotiations in the Treaty of Saint Germain en Laye and the Treaty of Trianon in 1919 The area has been part of the newly formed state of Burgenland since 1921 In 1973 the area was officially declared a town In the 20th century Gussing struggled economically due to its proximity to the Hungarian border and with it the Iron Curtain during the Cold War Many residents moved elsewhere or commuted for long distances to find work 4 Geography editThe town is situated in the south of Burgenland close to the Hungarian border in the valley of the river Strem at a height of 229 metres above sea level 5 Just under half of the area is agricultural land whilst nearly 40 is forested The town is neighboured by Tobaj to the north Strem to the east Heiligenbrunn to the southeast Kleinmurbisch and Grossmurbisch to the south Neustift bei Gussing to the southwest and Gerersdorf Sulz to the northwest The Gussing fish ponds are a designated Ramsar site within the town known for its bird populations of little bittern grey heron and great crested grebe 6 Renewable energy edit The town is also known for its renewable energy projects During the 1980s Peter Vadasz a local councillor and Reinhard Koch a technical engineer created an energy transition strategy for the town by using local wood as an energy source 4 In 1992 Vadasz was elected mayor of Gussing and worked towards this energy transition This transition was not only devised for public buildings in the town but for the whole district as well In order to achieve this goal public buildings were insulated and biomass heat plants were built More recently an anaerobic digestion plant was built Local authorities have claimed this has led to full energy self sufficiency in the district yet this is disputed by others who claim that transportation of goods and fuel still relies upon fossil fuels 4 Energy in Gussing is heavily reliant on wood which has led to concerns about energy security International Relations editGussing is twinned with Nijlen nbsp Belgium nbsp Gussing Castle nbsp An homage to Carolus Clusius a resident of the town nbsp Wood gasifier commercial operation nbsp Fischer Tropsch diesel production from gasified wood Pilot nbsp Biogas plant Strem nbsp Biogas fuelled engine Biogas plant StremNeighbourhoods edit The neighbourhoods that make up the town area include with the population as of January 2021 in brackets Glasing 123 with the Glasing mountains Gussing Kernstadt 2725 with Langzeil Ludwigshof and Rosenberg Krottendorf 212 Sankt Nikolaus 193 Steingraben 182 Urbersdorf 230 Culture editThe main attraction of the district is Gussing castle Built on a volcanic cone the castle is known for its exhibition 400 years of art the gothic castle chapel with a neo gothic wooden carved high altar an old chest organ and a baroque side altar The castle also contains a museum and a restaurant A romanesque parish church dates back to the 1200s with a cemetery nearby The town contains a Franciscan monastery which was built at the same time as a bastion of the town wall and a monastic church the Visitation of Mary church Built in 1863 the monastery contains a range of renaissance architectural elements The monastery is also noted for a paramental shrine in the sacristy and the library with many unique works from the age of Protestantism Under the monastery is the crypt of the family Batthyany which is the second largest of its kind in Austria with a state coffin by K Moll There is also a shrine depicting the beatification of Laszlo Batthyany Strattmann There is a two storey castle like arcade in the town In the east of the town is the family home of the Draskovic family This is a classicist style mansion with empire style furniture and a gothic winged altar from 1450 in the house chapel Regular events edit Musical Gussing The cultural association hosts several events each year In late January a carnival show takes place in the heart of Gussing Every September a well known musical show is performed in which amateurs and professionals work together The actor and singer Florian Resetarits de began his career in these musicals Castle performances For the last 500 years Gussing has been a cultural centre with the theatre being of particular significance The castle performances are a highlight of the summer programme The actor Frank Hoffmann was the most recent director of the Gussing summer programme as part of which performances take place at Gussing castle The Gussing castle association hosts theatre performances for adults and children on the fairground at the foot of the castle Sport edit The town has a football club SV Gussing which play in the Landesliga Burgenland the fourth division of Austrian football The town is home to a basketball club UBC Gussing Knights Notable people editSee also Category People from Gussing and Category People from Gussing District Batthyany Strattmann family Ferenc Batthyany Croatian Franjo Bacan 1497 Buda 1566 hu Ignaz Batthyany 1741 1798 Bishop of Transylvania de Gusztav 5th Prince Batthyany Strattmann 1803 1883 owner and breeder of race horses Prince Edmund Batthyany Strattmann 1826 1914 Prince Laszlo Batthyany Strattmann 1870 Dunakiliti 1931 doctor and blessed of the Roman Catholic Church Istvan Beythe 1532 1612 bishop botanist hu Julia Dujmovits born 1987 snowboarder Ferenc Faludi German Franz Faludi 1704 1779 de Samuel Steinherz errorly Steinberg 1857 1942 Jewish historian born here 7 Josef Reichl 1860 1924 Carolus Clusius 1526 1609 Jeno Nagy 1898 1944 hu Otto Kery 1923 2006 director editor actor de Peter Vadasz born 1944 City Mayor Reinhard Koch born 1959 together with Vadas the creator of energy independent Gussing Josef Trinkl 1951 2004 politician de Heinz Janisch born 1960 author de Agidius Zsifkovics born 1963 theologian Bishop of Eisenstadt Sabine James circus artist harpist performer theatre director Burgspiele Gussing Martin Stranzl born 1980 football player Michael Miksits born 1981 football player de Peter Traxler born 1946 Kabarettist Csakanyi Laszlo 1921 1992 szinesz schauspieler hu See also editWildpoldsried 100 renewable energyReferences editDI Dean Marcelja ECRE AG amp Geraldine Faulkner Sustainable Solutions 2008 Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundeslander Gebietsstand 1 1 2018 Statistics Austria Retrieved 10 March 2019 Gussing Eine Stadt Stellt Sich Vor PDF Guessing co at 1997 Retrieved 27 August 2022 Gussing Eine Stadt Stellt Sich Vor PDF Guessing co at 1997 Retrieved 27 August 2022 a b c De Waal R Stremke Sven 2014 Energy Transition Missed Opportunities and Emerging Challenges for Landscape Planning and Designing Sustainability 6 7 4386 4415 doi 10 3390 su6074386 Gussing in Zahlen Gussing at Retrieved 30 May 2022 Holler Christian Ramsar Gebiet Gussinger Fischteiche Management Plan Dezember 14 PDF Naturschutz Burgenland in German Retrieved 3 June 2022 Gerhard Oberkofler Samuel Steinherz 1857 1942 Archived from the original on 2009 07 22 Retrieved 2009 08 13 Steinberg 1 DotRoll Domain Regisztracio Archived from the original on 2011 07 20 Retrieved 2009 08 13 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gussing Official Website of Gussing Biomass gasification power plant Gussing Archived 2008 10 13 at the Wayback Machine Biogas plant Strem Archived 2008 10 13 at the Wayback Machine Official Website of the Batthyany Family Official Website of the Foundation of the castle of Guessing Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gussing amp oldid 1188926685, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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