"Black bindweed" redirects here; for another plant with the same common name see Dioscorea communis
This article is about the Eurasian/African plant sometimes known as wild buckwheat. For other plants which share the same common name, see Buckwheat (disambiguation).
Black-bindweed is a herbaceousvine growing to 1–1.5 m (39–59 in) long, with stems that twine clockwise round other plant stems. The alternate triangular leaves are 1.5–6 cm long and 0.7–3 cm broad with a 6–15 (–50) mm petiole; the basal lobes of the leaves are pointed at the petiole. The flowers are small, and greenish-pink to greenish white, clustered on short racemes. These clusters give way to small triangular achenes, with one seed in each achene.[2][3][4][7] The flowers have 5 sepals, the 3 outer ones are larger and show a keel. It has 5 stamens and the fruit grows to 4 mm long.[8]
While it superficially resemble bindweeds in the genus Convolvulus there are many notable differences; it has ocrea (stipule-sheath at nodes), which Convolvulus does not; and Convolvulus has conspicuous trumpet-shaped flowers while Black-bindweed has flowers that are unobtrusive and only about 4 mm long.[5]
Distribution and habitatedit
Fallopia convolvulus grows most commonly on disturbed or cultivated land, in northern Europe typically on warm, sunny, well-drained sandy or limestone soil types,[5][7] but in hotter, drier areas like Pakistan, on moist shady sites.[4] It ranges from sea level in the north of its range, up to 3600 m altitude in the south in the Himalaya.[3][4][5]
Cultivation and usesedit
The seeds are edible, and were used in the past as a food crop, with remains found in Bronze Age middens.[5] The seeds are too small and low-yielding to make a commercial crop, and it is now more widely considered a weed, occurring in crops, waste areas and roadsides. It can be a damaging weed when it is growing in a garden or crop, as it can not only damage the plants around which it twines, but also clog the machinery used to harvest a given crop. It is also an invasive species in North America.[6]
^ abPhil Wilson & Miles King, Arable Plants – a field guide: Black-bindweed
^Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN978-185918-4783
January 01, 1970
fallopia, convolvulus, black, bindweed, redirects, here, another, plant, with, same, common, name, dioscorea, communis, this, article, about, eurasian, african, plant, sometimes, known, wild, buckwheat, other, plants, which, share, same, common, name, buckwhea. Black bindweed redirects here for another plant with the same common name see Dioscorea communis This article is about the Eurasian African plant sometimes known as wild buckwheat For other plants which share the same common name see Buckwheat disambiguation Fallopia convolvulus the black bindweed or wild buckwheat is a fast growing annual flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae native throughout Europe Asia and northern Africa 2 3 4 5 6 Fallopia convolvulus Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Order Caryophyllales Family Polygonaceae Genus Fallopia Species F convolvulus Binomial name Fallopia convolvulus L A Love 1970 Synonyms 1 Synonymy Polygonum convolvulus L 1753Bilderdykia convolvulus L DumortFagopyrum carinatum MoenchFagopyrum convolvulus L H GrossHelxine convolvulus L Raf Reynoutria convolvulus L ShinnersTiniaria convolvulus L Webb amp Moq Fagopyrum volubile Gilib Polygonum convolvulaceum Lam Polygonum infestum Salisb Synonyms include Polygonum convolvulus L basionym Bilderdykia convolvulus L Dumort Fagopyrum convolvulus L H Gross Fagopyrum carinatum Moench Helxine convolvulus L Raf Reynoutria convolvulus L Shinners and Tiniaria convolvulus L Webb amp Moq 3 4 Other old folk names include bear bind bind corn climbing bindweed climbing buckwheat corn bind corn bindweed devil s tether and wild buckwheat citation needed Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Cultivation and uses 4 ReferencesDescription editBlack bindweed is a herbaceous vine growing to 1 1 5 m 39 59 in long with stems that twine clockwise round other plant stems The alternate triangular leaves are 1 5 6 cm long and 0 7 3 cm broad with a 6 15 50 mm petiole the basal lobes of the leaves are pointed at the petiole The flowers are small and greenish pink to greenish white clustered on short racemes These clusters give way to small triangular achenes with one seed in each achene 2 3 4 7 The flowers have 5 sepals the 3 outer ones are larger and show a keel It has 5 stamens and the fruit grows to 4 mm long 8 While it superficially resemble bindweeds in the genus Convolvulus there are many notable differences it has ocrea stipule sheath at nodes which Convolvulus does not and Convolvulus has conspicuous trumpet shaped flowers while Black bindweed has flowers that are unobtrusive and only about 4 mm long 5 Distribution and habitat editFallopia convolvulus grows most commonly on disturbed or cultivated land in northern Europe typically on warm sunny well drained sandy or limestone soil types 5 7 but in hotter drier areas like Pakistan on moist shady sites 4 It ranges from sea level in the north of its range up to 3600 m altitude in the south in the Himalaya 3 4 5 Cultivation and uses editThe seeds are edible and were used in the past as a food crop with remains found in Bronze Age middens 5 The seeds are too small and low yielding to make a commercial crop and it is now more widely considered a weed occurring in crops waste areas and roadsides It can be a damaging weed when it is growing in a garden or crop as it can not only damage the plants around which it twines but also clog the machinery used to harvest a given crop It is also an invasive species in North America 6 References edit The Plant List Fallopia convolvulus L A Love a b Flora of NW Europe Fallopia convolvulus permanent dead link a b c d Flora of China Fallopia convolvulus a b c d e Flora of Pakistan Fallopia convolvulus a b c d e Blamey M amp Grey Wilson C 1989 Flora of Britain and Northern Europe ISBN 0 340 40170 2 a b Fallopia convolvulus Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 24 December 2017 a b Phil Wilson amp Miles King Arable Plants a field guide Black bindweed Parnell J and Curtis T 2012 Webb s An Irish Flora Cork University Press ISBN 978 185918 4783 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fallopia convolvulus amp oldid 1085804432, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
