Enteroctopus is a genus of generally temperate octopuses. Members of this genus are characterized by their large size and are often known as giant octopuses. Enteroctopus species have distinct longitudinal wrinkles or folds dorsally and laterally on their bodies. Their heads are distinctly narrower than the mantle width. The hectocotylus of the males in this genus, found on the third right arm, is long and narrow in comparison with other genera in the family Octopodidae, often comprising one-fifth the length of the arm. Octopuses in this genus have large, paddle-like papillae instead of the more conical papillae in other octopus genera.[3][4]
Species
Genus Enteroctopus at present consists of four species, tabulated below:[5]
E. membranaceus has often been regarded as type species of the genus, not because it was designated as such by Rochebrune and Mabille when they erected the genus, but because it was the first named species in the genus. Robson in his 1929 monograph of octopods regarded E. membranaceus as a species dubium because the original description was insufficient to identify an individual species, the holotype was an immature specimen, and the type specimen no longer existed.
As such, the genus was considered invalid until Hochberg resurrected it in 1998. Hochberg noted that Robson had considered E. membranaceus a junior synonym of E. megalocyathus, the second species assigned to the genus by Rochebrune and Mabille in their 1889 description. Additionally, since Rochebrune and Mabille did not actually assign type status to E. membranaceus, Hochberg concluded that Enteroctopus was indeed a valid genus and transferred type-species status to E. megalocyathus based on his conclusion that E. megalocyathus and E. membranaceus are the same species.[3]
Distribution
Range map of Enteroctopus species. E. dofleini in blue, E. megalocyathus in red, E. magnificus in yellow, and E. zealandicus in purple.
Species in the genus Enteroctopus are restricted to the temperate areas of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. E. dofleini is the only member of the genus found in the Northern Hemisphere, and also the most widely distributed: It is found from Southern California, along the North Pacific Rim to Japan, including the Okhotsk and Bering Seas.[3] The other three species are found in the Southern Hemisphere; E. megalocyathus occurs on the southeastern coast of South America,[6]E. magnificus on the southwestern coast of Africa from Namibia to Port Elizabeth, South Africa, and E. zealandicus in temperate New Zealand.[4]
Size
The member of this genus that best embodies the common name "giant octopus" is Enteroctopus dofleini, which holds the record of being the world's largest octopus based on direct measurements of a 71 kilograms (157 pounds) individual, weighed live.[7][a] This octopus had a total length near to 3.3 metres (11 feet). The remaining members of the genus are substantially smaller, with E. megalocyathus having an average mass of 4 kilograms (8.8 pounds) and reaching a total length of 1.0 metre (3.3 feet).[9][10]E. magnificus reaches a total length of around 1.5 metres (5 feet).[4]
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enteroctopus.
^The size record is held by an E. dofleini specimen that was 9 meters (30 feet) across and weighed more than 270 kilograms (600 pounds). Averages are more like 5 meters (16 feet) and 50 kilograms (110 pounds).[8]
References
^Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O, eds. (2022). "Enteroctopus Rochebrune & Mabille, 1889". MolluscaBase. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
^Rochebrune, Alphonse-Tremeau de; Mabille, Jules François (1889). Mission scientifique du cap Horn, 1882-1883 (in French and Latin). Paris: Gauthier-Vallars. p. 7. Retrieved 9 December 2022. [...] brachiis longissimis, intestiniformibus [...]
^ abcHochberg, Frederick (Eric) George (1998). "Enteroctopus; Enteroctopus dofleini Wülker, 1910 new combination". In Valentich Scott, Paul; Blake, James A. (eds.). Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and the Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 8. Santa Barbara, CA: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. pp. 203–208. ISBN0-936494-13-1.
^ abcNorman, M. (2003). Cephalopods: A world guide. Heckenhaim, Germany: Conch Books. pp. 213–216.
^Norman, M. D.; Hochberg, Frederick George (2005). "The current state of octopus taxonomy". Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin. Vol. 66. pp. 127–154.
^. Archived from the original on 5 September 2006. Retrieved 30 December 2007.
^Cosgrove, J. A. (1987). Aspects of the natural history of Octopus dofleini, the giant Pacific octopus. Department of Biology (M.Sc. thesis). Victoria, Canada: University of Victoria.
^"Animals. Reference. Giant Pacific Octopus". National Geographic. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
^Perez, M. C.; Lopez, D.A.; Aguila, K.; Gonzalez, M. L. (2006). "Feeding and growth in captivity of the octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus [Gould, 1852]". Aquaculture Research. 37: 550–555.
^Gleadall, I. G.; Salcedo-Vargas, M. A. (2004). "Catalogue of the cephalopoda specimens in the zoology department of Tokyo University Museum". Interdisciplinary Information Sciences. 10: 113–142.
January 30, 2023
enteroctopus, giant, octopus, redirects, here, other, uses, giant, octopus, disambiguation, octopus, genus, whose, members, sometimes, known, giant, octopus, giant, octopuse, dofleini, showing, longitudinal, folds, paddle, like, papillae, diagnostic, genus, sc. Giant octopus redirects here For other uses see Giant octopus disambiguation Enteroctopus is an octopus genus whose members are sometimes known as giant octopus Giant octopusE dofleini showing longitudinal folds and paddle like papillae diagnostic for the genus Scientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass CephalopodaOrder OctopodaFamily EnteroctopodidaeGenus EnteroctopusRochebrune amp Mabille 1889Type speciesOctopus megalocyathusGould 1852SpeciesEnteroctopus dofleini Wulker 1910 Enteroctopus magnificus Villanueva Sanchez amp Compagno Roeleveld 1992 Enteroctopus megalocyathus Gould 1952 Enteroctopus zealandicus Benham 1944 Contents 1 Etymology 2 Description 3 Species 3 1 Type species 4 Distribution 5 Size 6 See also 7 Footnotes 8 ReferencesEtymology EditThe generic name Enteroctopus was created by Alphonse Tremeau de Rochebrune and Jules Francois Mabille in 1887 and published in 1889 1 joining Ancient Greek ἔnteron gut and ὀktwpoys thus octopus with arms similar to guts 2 Description EditEnteroctopus is a genus of generally temperate octopuses Members of this genus are characterized by their large size and are often known as giant octopuses Enteroctopus species have distinct longitudinal wrinkles or folds dorsally and laterally on their bodies Their heads are distinctly narrower than the mantle width The hectocotylus of the males in this genus found on the third right arm is long and narrow in comparison with other genera in the family Octopodidae often comprising one fifth the length of the arm Octopuses in this genus have large paddle like papillae instead of the more conical papillae in other octopus genera 3 4 Species EditGenus Enteroctopus at present consists of four species tabulated below 5 Image Scientific name Common name Distribution Enteroctopus dofleini giant Pacific octopus coastal North Pacific along California Oregon Washington British Columbia Alaska Russia Japan and Korean PeninsulaEnteroctopus magnificus southern giant octopus waters off Namibia and South Africa Enteroctopus megalocyathus southern red octopus southeastern coast of South America along the coasts of Argentina and Chile up to the Chiloe Archipelago and the Falkland Islands Enteroctopus zealandicus yellow octopus waters surrounding New Zealand Type species Edit E membranaceus has often been regarded as type species of the genus not because it was designated as such by Rochebrune and Mabille when they erected the genus but because it was the first named species in the genus Robson in his 1929 monograph of octopods regarded E membranaceus as a species dubium because the original description was insufficient to identify an individual species the holotype was an immature specimen and the type specimen no longer existed As such the genus was considered invalid until Hochberg resurrected it in 1998 Hochberg noted that Robson had considered E membranaceus a junior synonym of E megalocyathus the second species assigned to the genus by Rochebrune and Mabille in their 1889 description Additionally since Rochebrune and Mabille did not actually assign type status to E membranaceus Hochberg concluded that Enteroctopus was indeed a valid genus and transferred type species status to E megalocyathus based on his conclusion that E megalocyathus and E membranaceus are the same species 3 Distribution Edit Range map of Enteroctopus species E dofleini in blue E megalocyathus in red E magnificus in yellow and E zealandicus in purple Species in the genus Enteroctopus are restricted to the temperate areas of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres E dofleini is the only member of the genus found in the Northern Hemisphere and also the most widely distributed It is found from Southern California along the North Pacific Rim to Japan including the Okhotsk and Bering Seas 3 The other three species are found in the Southern Hemisphere E megalocyathus occurs on the southeastern coast of South America 6 E magnificus on the southwestern coast of Africa from Namibia to Port Elizabeth South Africa and E zealandicus in temperate New Zealand 4 Size EditThe member of this genus that best embodies the common name giant octopus is Enteroctopus dofleini which holds the record of being the world s largest octopus based on direct measurements of a 71 kilograms 157 pounds individual weighed live 7 a This octopus had a total length near to 3 3 metres 11 feet The remaining members of the genus are substantially smaller with E megalocyathus having an average mass of 4 kilograms 8 8 pounds and reaching a total length of 1 0 metre 3 3 feet 9 10 E magnificus reaches a total length of around 1 5 metres 5 feet 4 See also Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enteroctopus Giant squid Colossal squid Cephalopod size Kraken LuscaFootnotes Edit The size record is held by an E dofleini specimen that was 9 meters 30 feet across and weighed more than 270 kilograms 600 pounds Averages are more like 5 meters 16 feet and 50 kilograms 110 pounds 8 References Edit Bieler R Bouchet P Gofas S Marshall B Rosenberg G La Perna R Neubauer TA Sartori AF Schneider S Vos C ter Poorten JJ Taylor J Dijkstra H Finn J Bank R Neubert E Moretzsohn F Faber M Houart R Picton B Garcia Alvarez O eds 2022 Enteroctopus Rochebrune amp Mabille 1889 MolluscaBase World Register of Marine Species Retrieved 12 December 2022 Rochebrune Alphonse Tremeau de Mabille Jules Francois 1889 Mission scientifique du cap Horn 1882 1883 in French and Latin Paris Gauthier Vallars p 7 Retrieved 9 December 2022 brachiis longissimis intestiniformibus a b c Hochberg Frederick Eric George 1998 Enteroctopus Enteroctopus dofleini Wulker 1910 new combination In Valentich Scott Paul Blake James A eds Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and the Western Santa Barbara Channel Vol 8 Santa Barbara CA Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History pp 203 208 ISBN 0 936494 13 1 a b c Norman M 2003 Cephalopods A world guide Heckenhaim Germany Conch Books pp 213 216 Norman M D Hochberg Frederick George 2005 The current state of octopus taxonomy Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin Vol 66 pp 127 154 CephBase Countries exclusive economic zones with Enteroctopus megalocyathus Archived from the original on 5 September 2006 Retrieved 30 December 2007 Cosgrove J A 1987 Aspects of the natural history ofOctopus dofleini the giant Pacific octopus Department of Biology M Sc thesis Victoria Canada University of Victoria Animals Reference Giant Pacific Octopus National Geographic Retrieved 25 August 2022 Perez M C Lopez D A Aguila K Gonzalez M L 2006 Feeding and growth in captivity of the octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus Gould 1852 Aquaculture Research 37 550 555 Gleadall I G Salcedo Vargas M A 2004 Catalogue of the cephalopoda specimens in the zoology department of Tokyo University Museum Interdisciplinary Information Sciences 10 113 142 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Enteroctopus amp oldid 1131601794, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
