In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon.[1] A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described.[2] In contrast, an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa.
Just as the term monotypic is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision, the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher-level taxon, e.g. a genus monotypic within a family. Some examples of monotypic groups are:
Plants
In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, Amborella, and in this genus there is only one species, namely Amborella trichopoda.
The flowering plant Breonadia salicina is the only species in the monotypic genus Breonadia.
The family Cephalotaceae includes only one genus, Cephalotus, and only one species, Cephalotus follicularis – the Albany pitcher plant.
The divisionGinkgophyta is monotypic, containing the single class Ginkgoopsida. This class is also monotypic, containing the single order Ginkgoales.[3]
Flowering plant Nandina domestica is the only species in the genus Nandina.
It is today generally accepted that cannabis (Cannabis sativa) is a monospecific genus.[4]
Animals
The madrone butterfly is the only species in the monotypic genus Eucheira. However, there are two subspecies of this butterfly, E. socialis socialis and E. socialis westwoodi, which means the species E. socialis is not monotypic.[5]
The narwhal is a medium sized cetacean that is the only member of the monotypic genus Monodon.[10]
The platypus is the only member of the monotypic genus Ornithorhynchus.
Ozichthys albimaculosus, the cream-spotted cardinalfish, found in tropical Australia and southern New Guinea, is the type species of the monotypic genus Ozichthys.[11]
The bearded reedling is the only species in the monotypic genus Panurus, which is the only genus in the monotypic family Panuridae.[12]
In the order Amborellales, there is only one family, Amborellaceae and there is only one genus, Amborella , and in this genus there is only one species, namely Amborella trichopoda.
Beluga “kissing” a human trainer; both are monotypical in their genera.
The family Cephalotaceae has only one genus, Cephalotus, which contains only one species, Cephalotus follicularis, the Australian pitcher plant.
^Kevan, P. G.; Bye, R. A. (1991). "The natural history, sociobiology, and ethnobiology of Eucheira socialis Westwood (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), a unique and little-known butterfly from Mexico". Entomologist. 110: 146–165.
^Designatable Units for Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in Canada (PDF) (Report). Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 2016.
^Jefferson, Thomas A.; Webber, Marc A.; Pitman, Robert L. (2015). "Taxonomic Groupings Above the Species Level". Marine Mammals of the World. pp. 17–23. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409542-7.50003-2. ISBN978-0-12-409542-7.
^Premo, L. S.; Hublin, J.-J. (6 January 2009). "Culture, population structure, and low genetic diversity in Pleistocene hominins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (1): 33–37. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106...33P. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809194105. PMC2629215. PMID 19104042.
^COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the narwhal Monodon monoceros in Canada (PDF) (Report). Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 2004.
^Fraser, Thomas H. (14 August 2014). "A new genus of cardinalfish from tropical Australia and southern New Guinea (Percomorpha: Apogonidae)". Zootaxa. 3852 (2): 283–293. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3852.2.7. PMID 25284398.
The dictionary definition of monotypic at Wiktionary
May 06, 2023
monotypic, taxon, monotypic, redirects, here, conservation, biology, term, monotypic, habitat, other, uses, monotype, disambiguation, monospecific, redirects, here, immunology, term, monospecific, antibody, biology, monotypic, taxon, taxonomic, group, taxon, t. Monotypic redirects here For the conservation biology term see Monotypic habitat For other uses see Monotype disambiguation Monospecific redirects here For the immunology term see Monospecific antibody In biology a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group taxon that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon 1 A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller infraspecific taxa In the case of genera the term unispecific or monospecific is sometimes preferred In botanical nomenclature a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described 2 In contrast an oligotypic taxon contains more than one but only a very few subordinate taxa Contents 1 Examples 1 1 Plants 1 2 Animals 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksExamples EditJust as the term monotypic is used to describe a taxon including only one subdivision the contained taxon can also be referred to as monotypic within the higher level taxon e g a genus monotypic within a family Some examples of monotypic groups are Plants Edit In the order Amborellales there is only one family Amborellaceae and there is only one genus Amborella and in this genus there is only one species namely Amborella trichopoda The flowering plant Breonadia salicina is the only species in the monotypic genus Breonadia The family Cephalotaceae includes only one genus Cephalotus and only one species Cephalotus follicularis the Albany pitcher plant The division Ginkgophyta is monotypic containing the single class Ginkgoopsida This class is also monotypic containing the single order Ginkgoales 3 Flowering plant Nandina domestica is the only species in the genus Nandina It is today generally accepted that cannabis Cannabis sativa is a monospecific genus 4 Animals Edit The madrone butterfly is the only species in the monotypic genus Eucheira However there are two subspecies of this butterfly E socialis socialis and E socialis westwoodi which means the species E socialis is not monotypic 5 Erithacus rubecula the European robin is the only extant member of its genus 6 Delphinapterus leucas or the beluga whale is the only member of its genus and lacks subspecies 7 Dugong dugong is the only species in the monotypic genus Dugong 8 Homo sapiens humans are monotypic as they have too little genetic diversity to harbor any living subspecies 9 The narwhal is a medium sized cetacean that is the only member of the monotypic genus Monodon 10 The platypus is the only member of the monotypic genus Ornithorhynchus Ozichthys albimaculosus the cream spotted cardinalfish found in tropical Australia and southern New Guinea is the type species of the monotypic genus Ozichthys 11 The bearded reedling is the only species in the monotypic genus Panurus which is the only genus in the monotypic family Panuridae 12 In the order Amborellales there is only one family Amborellaceae and there is only one genus Amborella and in this genus there is only one species namely Amborella trichopoda Beluga kissing a human trainer both are monotypical in their genera The family Cephalotaceae has only one genus Cephalotus which contains only one species Cephalotus follicularis the Australian pitcher plant See also Edit Biology portalGlossary of scientific naming MonophylyReferences Edit Mayr E Ashlock PD 1991 Principles of Systematic Zoology 2nd ed McGraw Hill ISBN 0 07 041144 1 McNeill J Barrie F R Buck W R Demoulin V Greuter W Hawksworth D L Herendeen P S Knapp S Marhold K Prado J Reine W F P h V Smith G F Wiersema J H Turland N J 2012 Article 38 International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants Melbourne Code adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne Australia July 2011 Vol Regnum Vegetabile 154 A R G Gantner Verlag KG ISBN 978 3 87429 425 6 Wu Chung Shien Chaw Shu Miaw Huang Ya Yi 2013 Chloroplast Phylogenomics Indicates that Ginkgo biloba Is Sister to Cycads Genome Biology and Evolution 5 1 243 254 doi 10 1093 gbe evt001 PMC 3595029 PMID 23315384 DOI 10 1007 s11032 005 5681 x Kevan P G Bye R A 1991 The natural history sociobiology and ethnobiology of Eucheira socialis Westwood Lepidoptera Pieridae a unique and little known butterfly from Mexico Entomologist 110 146 165 Glossary American Museum of Natural History Designatable Units for Beluga Whales Delphinapterus leucas in Canada PDF Report Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada 2016 Jefferson Thomas A Webber Marc A Pitman Robert L 2015 Taxonomic Groupings Above the Species Level Marine Mammals of the World pp 17 23 doi 10 1016 B978 0 12 409542 7 50003 2 ISBN 978 0 12 409542 7 Premo L S Hublin J J 6 January 2009 Culture population structure and low genetic diversity in Pleistocene hominins Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 1 33 37 Bibcode 2009PNAS 106 33P doi 10 1073 pnas 0809194105 PMC 2629215 PMID 19104042 COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the narwhal Monodon monoceros in Canada PDF Report Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada 2004 Fraser Thomas H 14 August 2014 A new genus of cardinalfish from tropical Australia and southern New Guinea Percomorpha Apogonidae Zootaxa 3852 2 283 293 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 3852 2 7 PMID 25284398 ITIS Report Panurus biarmicus External links Edit The dictionary definition of monotypic at Wiktionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Monotypic taxon amp oldid 1148472745, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
