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Patagonian red octopus

December 18, 2023

Enteroctopus megalocyathus, also known as Patagonian red octopus (EN), Pulpo del sur (Chile) and Pulpo colorado (Argentina); is a medium-sized octopus, and the type species for the genus Enteroctopus.

Patagonian red octopus
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Octopoda
Family: Enteroctopodidae
Genus: Enteroctopus
Species:
E. megalocyathus
Binomial name
Enteroctopus megalocyathus
(Gould, 1852)
Synonyms
  • Octopus megalocyathus
    Gould, 1852
  • Enteroctopus membranaceus
    Rochebrune & Mabille, 1889
  • Octopus patagonicus
    Loennberg, 1898
  • Polypus brucei
    Hoyle, 1912
  • Octopus brucei
    Odhner, 1923

Size and description edit

E. megalocyathus is a relatively large octopus, though not as large as some other giant octopuses like Enteroctopus dofleini. E. megalocyathus has an average mass of around 4 kg.[1] Although, some individuals have outweighed this and reached till 7.5 kg (M) and 8 kg (F).[2] A mantle length of 22.5 cm,[3] and in excess of 1 m in total length,[4] but other author reported a max. total length in Chile of 1.3 m.[5] E. megalocyathus, like other octopuses in the genus Enteroctopus, has longitudinal folds and grooves on the body and large, paddle-like papillae.[6]

Fisheries edit

E. megalocyathus is one of the two commercially significant octopuses in Chilean waters, along with Octopus mimus. Yearly catch of the two octopuses fluctuates between 2,000 and 5,000 tons.[1]

In Chile, his extraction ban date is from October 15 to March 15, and its range is from the Araucanía region to the Magallanes region,[7] and in regular season, only specimens weighing more than 1 kg are allowed to be extracted.[8]

Predators edit

Like most octopuses, E. megalocyathus is a choice meal for many predators larger than it. E. megalocyathus has been shown to be a major dietary component of beaked skates (Dipturus chilensis), spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias),[9] and the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens).[10]

Range edit

 
Patagonian red octopus native distribution range

This octopus is native to the southeastern coast of South America along the coasts of Argentina (Atlantic Ocean) and Chile (Pacific Ocean). In Chile ranges from north Patagonia, Chiloé Archipelago to Strait of Magellan and even more at 56°S,[11] and in Argentina from the San Matías Gulf to the Beagle Channel, including the Falkland Islands[3] and the Burdwood bank.[12]

Its vertical range distribution in the water column is from 0 m depth (e.g. juvenile in intertidal rocky shore) to 220 m depth (e.g. seen in bottom crab traps) in Chile.[13]

Feeding ecology edit

In general it is an opportunistic predator and eats crabs, teleost fishes, some molluscs[14] e.g. clams, mussels, sea snails among other prey. In Southern Chile, specifically in Los Lagos region, the adults octopuses prefer to eat big crabs like jaiba reina,[15] jaiba peluda[15] and even other E. megalocyathus as they are cannibal,[16] as well as other species; meanwhile the younger octopuses prefer to eat jaiba mora,[15] crab eggs, shrimp[17] and squat lobster or langostino de los canales.[18][14]

Aquaculture status edit

This species has high protein content and low-fat percentage. It also possesses a fast growth rate and easy weighing when feed with crab or crab moist[clarify] in rearing conditions;[19] thereby making it an ideal species to culture.

References edit

  1. ^ a b Perez, M.C.; D.A. Lopez; K. Aguila; M.L. Gonzalez (2006). "Feeding and growth in captivity of the octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus Gould, 1852". Aquaculture Research. 37 (6): 550–555. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2006.01454.x. hdl:10533/197709.
  2. ^ Pardo & Olguin (2018). "Pre- assessment. Los Lagos Region Southern Octopus fishery (Enteroctopus megalocyathus) for MSC standard version 2.0". p. 24.
  3. ^ a b CephBase: Enteroctopus megalocyathus 2007-12-09 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Gleadall, I.G.; M.A. Salcedo-Vargas (2004). "Catalogue of the Cephalopoda Specimens in the Zoology Department of Tokyo University Museum". Interdisciplinary Information Sciences. 10 (2): 113–142. doi:10.4036/iis.2004.113.
  5. ^ Osorio, C (2002). Moluscos marinos en Chile. Especies de importancia económica: Guía para su identificación (in Spanish). Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Chile. p. 182.
  6. ^ Hochberg, F.G. (1998). Enteroctopus. In: Taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and the Western Santa Barbara Channel. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California. p. 203.
  7. ^ SUBPESCA, Subsecretaría de Pesca y Acuicultura (2016). "Dec. Ex. Folio 202000083 Suspende Veda Biológica Para el Recurso Pulpo del Sur, Región de Los Lagos. (Publicado en Página Web 14-10-2020) (F.D.O. 20-10-2020)" (in Spanish).
  8. ^ SUBPESCA, Subsecretaría de Pesca y Acuicultura (1985). "D.S. N° 137-85 Establece Tamaño Mínimo de Extracción Pulpo. (F.D.O. 05-07-1985)" (in Spanish).
  9. ^ Alonso, M.K.; E.A. Crespo; N.A. Garcia; S.N. Pedraza; P.A. Mariotti; B.B. Vera; N.J. Mora (2001). "Food habits of Dipturus chilensis (Pisces: Rajidae) off Patagonia, Argentina". ICES Journal of Marine Science. 58: 288–297. doi:10.1006/jmsc.2000.1010.
  10. ^ Alonso, M.K.; E.A. Crespo; S.N. Pedraza (2000). "Food habits of the South American sea lion, Otaria flavescens, off Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Fishery Bulletin. 98: 250–263.
  11. ^ Ibáñez, Christian M.; Camus, Patricio A.; Rocha, Francisco J. (2009-07-01). "Diversity and distribution of cephalopod species off the coast of Chile". Marine Biology Research. 5 (4): 374–384. Bibcode:2009MBioR...5..374I. doi:10.1080/17451000802534873. ISSN 1745-1000. S2CID 86283473.
  12. ^ Ortiz, Nicolas; Ré, Maria Edith (December 2019). "Intertidal Fishery of the Patagonian Red Octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus (Gould, 1852): Reproductive Status and Catch Composition in the North of San Jorge Gulf (Patagonian Atlantic Coast)". Journal of Shellfish Research. 38 (3): 619–627. doi:10.2983/035.038.0313. ISSN 0730-8000. S2CID 209481132.
  13. ^ Cecilia Osorio; Renán Peña; Laura Ramajo; Nicole Garcelon (2006). "Malacofauna bentónica de los canales oceánicos del sur de Chile (43°- 45° S)" (PDF). Ciencia y Tecnología del Mar. 29: 103–114 – via Comité Oceanográfico Nacional (CONA).
  14. ^ a b Ibáñez, & Chong (2008). "Feeding ecology of Enteroctopus megalocyathus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in southern Chile". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 88 (4): 793–798. doi:10.1017/S0025315408001227. S2CID 83871753.
  15. ^ a b c IFOP, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (2017). "JAIBAS" (PDF).
  16. ^ Ibáñez, C (2001). "ASPECTOS TROFODINÁMICOS DEL PULPO Enteroctopus megalocyathus (GOULD, 1852) EN EL PACÍFICO SURORIENTAL. XXI Congreso de Ciencias del Mar 2001" (PDF). XXI Congreso de Ciencias del Mar 2001: 101 – via Sociedad Chilena de Ciencias del Mar.
  17. ^ IFOP, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (2018). "Synalpheus spinifrons".
  18. ^ IDEAL, Centro de Investigación Dinámica de Altas Latitudes (2017). "Munida gregaria, el krill de la Patagonia".
  19. ^ Mundoacuícola (2018). "Estado actual y aspectos críticos para el cultivo del pulpo rojo o patagónico".
  • Ortiz, N. (2006). "First description of eggs, hatchlings and hatchling behaviour of Enteroctopus megalocyathus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae)". Journal of Plankton Research. 28 (10): 881–890. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbl023.

External links edit

  • . Archived from the original on 2005-08-17.
  • , many of which show the longitudinal folds of the body and paddle-like papillae that characterize this genus.

December 18, 2023
patagonian, octopus, enteroctopus, megalocyathus, also, known, pulpo, chile, pulpo, colorado, argentina, medium, sized, octopus, type, species, genus, enteroctopus, scientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakingdom, animaliaphylum, molluscaclass, cephalopodao. Enteroctopus megalocyathus also known as Patagonian red octopus EN Pulpo del sur Chile and Pulpo colorado Argentina is a medium sized octopus and the type species for the genus Enteroctopus Patagonian red octopusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass CephalopodaOrder OctopodaFamily EnteroctopodidaeGenus EnteroctopusSpecies E megalocyathusBinomial nameEnteroctopus megalocyathus Gould 1852 SynonymsOctopus megalocyathusGould 1852 Enteroctopus membranaceusRochebrune amp Mabille 1889 Octopus patagonicusLoennberg 1898 Polypus bruceiHoyle 1912 Octopus bruceiOdhner 1923 Contents 1 Size and description 2 Fisheries 3 Predators 4 Range 5 Feeding ecology 6 Aquaculture status 7 References 8 External linksSize and description editE megalocyathus is a relatively large octopus though not as large as some other giant octopuses like Enteroctopus dofleini E megalocyathus has an average mass of around 4 kg 1 Although some individuals have outweighed this and reached till 7 5 kg M and 8 kg F 2 A mantle length of 22 5 cm 3 and in excess of 1 m in total length 4 but other author reported a max total length in Chile of 1 3 m 5 E megalocyathus like other octopuses in the genus Enteroctopus has longitudinal folds and grooves on the body and large paddle like papillae 6 Fisheries editE megalocyathus is one of the two commercially significant octopuses in Chilean waters along with Octopus mimus Yearly catch of the two octopuses fluctuates between 2 000 and 5 000 tons 1 In Chile his extraction ban date is from October 15 to March 15 and its range is from the Araucania region to the Magallanes region 7 and in regular season only specimens weighing more than 1 kg are allowed to be extracted 8 Predators editLike most octopuses E megalocyathus is a choice meal for many predators larger than it E megalocyathus has been shown to be a major dietary component of beaked skates Dipturus chilensis spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias 9 and the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens 10 Range edit nbsp Patagonian red octopus native distribution rangeThis octopus is native to the southeastern coast of South America along the coasts of Argentina Atlantic Ocean and Chile Pacific Ocean In Chile ranges from north Patagonia Chiloe Archipelago to Strait of Magellan and even more at 56 S 11 and in Argentina from the San Matias Gulf to the Beagle Channel including the Falkland Islands 3 and the Burdwood bank 12 Its vertical range distribution in the water column is from 0 m depth e g juvenile in intertidal rocky shore to 220 m depth e g seen in bottom crab traps in Chile 13 Feeding ecology editIn general it is an opportunistic predator and eats crabs teleost fishes some molluscs 14 e g clams mussels sea snails among other prey In Southern Chile specifically in Los Lagos region the adults octopuses prefer to eat big crabs like jaiba reina 15 jaiba peluda 15 and even other E megalocyathus as they are cannibal 16 as well as other species meanwhile the younger octopuses prefer to eat jaiba mora 15 crab eggs shrimp 17 and squat lobster or langostino de los canales 18 14 Aquaculture status editThis species has high protein content and low fat percentage It also possesses a fast growth rate and easy weighing when feed with crab or crab moist clarify in rearing conditions 19 thereby making it an ideal species to culture References edit a b Perez M C D A Lopez K Aguila M L Gonzalez 2006 Feeding and growth in captivity of the octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus Gould 1852 Aquaculture Research 37 6 550 555 doi 10 1111 j 1365 2109 2006 01454 x hdl 10533 197709 Pardo amp Olguin 2018 Pre assessment Los Lagos Region Southern Octopus fishery Enteroctopus megalocyathus for MSC standard version 2 0 p 24 a b CephBase Enteroctopus megalocyathus Archived 2007 12 09 at the Wayback Machine Gleadall I G M A Salcedo Vargas 2004 Catalogue of the Cephalopoda Specimens in the Zoology Department of Tokyo University Museum Interdisciplinary Information Sciences 10 2 113 142 doi 10 4036 iis 2004 113 Osorio C 2002 Moluscos marinos en Chile Especies de importancia economica Guia para su identificacion in Spanish Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile p 182 Hochberg F G 1998 Enteroctopus In Taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and the Western Santa Barbara Channel Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara California p 203 SUBPESCA Subsecretaria de Pesca y Acuicultura 2016 Dec Ex Folio 202000083 Suspende Veda Biologica Para el Recurso Pulpo del Sur Region de Los Lagos Publicado en Pagina Web 14 10 2020 F D O 20 10 2020 in Spanish SUBPESCA Subsecretaria de Pesca y Acuicultura 1985 D S N 137 85 Establece Tamano Minimo de Extraccion Pulpo F D O 05 07 1985 in Spanish Alonso M K E A Crespo N A Garcia S N Pedraza P A Mariotti B B Vera N J Mora 2001 Food habits of Dipturus chilensis Pisces Rajidae off Patagonia Argentina ICES Journal of Marine Science 58 288 297 doi 10 1006 jmsc 2000 1010 Alonso M K E A Crespo S N Pedraza 2000 Food habits of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens off Patagonia Argentina PDF Fishery Bulletin 98 250 263 Ibanez Christian M Camus Patricio A Rocha Francisco J 2009 07 01 Diversity and distribution of cephalopod species off the coast of Chile Marine Biology Research 5 4 374 384 Bibcode 2009MBioR 5 374I doi 10 1080 17451000802534873 ISSN 1745 1000 S2CID 86283473 Ortiz Nicolas Re Maria Edith December 2019 Intertidal Fishery of the Patagonian Red Octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus Gould 1852 Reproductive Status and Catch Composition in the North of San Jorge Gulf Patagonian Atlantic Coast Journal of Shellfish Research 38 3 619 627 doi 10 2983 035 038 0313 ISSN 0730 8000 S2CID 209481132 Cecilia Osorio Renan Pena Laura Ramajo Nicole Garcelon 2006 Malacofauna bentonica de los canales oceanicos del sur de Chile 43 45 S PDF Ciencia y Tecnologia del Mar 29 103 114 via Comite Oceanografico Nacional CONA a b Ibanez amp Chong 2008 Feeding ecology of Enteroctopus megalocyathus Cephalopoda Octopodidae in southern Chile Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88 4 793 798 doi 10 1017 S0025315408001227 S2CID 83871753 a b c IFOP Instituto de Fomento Pesquero 2017 JAIBAS PDF Ibanez C 2001 ASPECTOS TROFODINAMICOS DEL PULPO Enteroctopus megalocyathus GOULD 1852 EN EL PACIFICO SURORIENTAL XXI Congreso de Ciencias del Mar 2001 PDF XXI Congreso de Ciencias del Mar 2001 101 via Sociedad Chilena de Ciencias del Mar IFOP Instituto de Fomento Pesquero 2018 Synalpheus spinifrons IDEAL Centro de Investigacion Dinamica de Altas Latitudes 2017 Munida gregaria el krill de la Patagonia Mundoacuicola 2018 Estado actual y aspectos criticos para el cultivo del pulpo rojo o patagonico Ortiz N 2006 First description of eggs hatchlings and hatchling behaviour of Enteroctopus megalocyathus Cephalopoda Octopodidae Journal of Plankton Research 28 10 881 890 doi 10 1093 plankt fbl023 External links edit CephBase Patagonian red octopus Archived from the original on 2005 08 17 Images of E megalocyathus many of which show the longitudinal folds of the body and paddle like papillae that characterize this genus Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Patagonian red octopus amp oldid 1182276804, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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